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409:, the engineers who completed the upgrades to the interchange, noted the solution while providing substantial cost savings over other possible options also has decreased accidents by 45 percent, improved traffic flow to more than 35,000 vehicles per day, and incorporated KYTC's goal to provide new paths for bicycles and pedestrians through the area. That same day in Highland, Utah the seventh U.S. diverging diamond interchange opened at the intersection of
675:
756:
195:
764:
367:). Construction began the week of January 12, 2009, and the interchange opened on June 21, 2009. This interchange was a conversion of an existing standard diamond interchange, and used the existing bridge. MoDot reports that traffic congestion for left turns at the intersection cleared up immediately, and crashes dropped by 40–50%.
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Pedestrian (and other sidewalk-user) access requires at least four crosswalks (two to cross the two signalized lane crossover intersections, while two more cross the local road at each end of the interchange). This could be mitigated by signalizing all movements without impacting the two-phase nature
160:
The greatest safety concern of the interchange stems from its relative rarity, as drivers instinctively trying to stay on the customary side of the road could use the crossover intersections to turn against the posted direction of travel. This is a rare occurrence; it is possible only when traffic is
659:
Some factors make turning left onto a diverging diamond interchange from the highway ramp more hazardous: 1) There is a yield sign instead of a traffic light. 2) The driver can not see if the light for the through traffic is red or green. 3) The visible distance to see the oncoming through traffic
275:
and Route d'Avelin was somewhat more specialized than in the adjacent diagram: eastbound traffic on Route d'Avelin intending to enter the A1 northbound must keep left and cross the northernmost bridge before turning left to proceed north onto A1; eastbound traffic continuing east on Route d'Avelin
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the goals of this intersection upgrade were similar, increasing traffic capacity and improved pedestrian and bicycle access while reaching these goals without requiring substantial revisions to the existing interstate overpass. Quoting a June 2014 USDOT publication, "the DDI has made travel more
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791:. It eliminates the disadvantages of weaving and of merging into the outside lane from which the standard DDI variation suffers. A highway U-turn requires weaving, however. As of 2016, no such interchanges have been constructed.
239:
at D549), all built in the 1970s. The ramps of the first two have since been reconfigured to accommodate ramps of other interchanges, but they continue to function as diverging diamond interchanges. The interchange in Seclin (at
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as a diverging diamond interchange to improve traffic flow. Had it been constructed, it would have been the first DDI in the United States. By 2006, ODOT had reconsidered, instead adding lanes to the existing overpass.
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must select a single center lane, merge with A1 traffic that is exiting to proceed east, and cross a center bridge. All westbound traffic that is continuing west or turning south onto A1 uses the southernmost bridge.
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Local road should be a low-speed facility, preferably under 45 mph (72 km/h) posted speed on the crossroad approach. However, this may be mitigated by utilizing a higher design speed for the crossing
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157:, and the flow through an implementation using traffic lights is subject to only two clearance intervals (the time during which all lights are red so that the intersection may fully clear) per cycle.
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released a publication titled "Alternative
Intersections/Interchanges: Informational Report (AIIR)" with a chapter dedicated to this design. Additional research was conducted by a partnership of the
815:. The ramps (the top level/Kolb Road) would carry thru traffic while the diverging diamond (the second level/interchange) would be for traffic getting on or off the freeway (the third level/I-10).
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Drivers may not be familiar with configuration, particularly with regard to merging maneuvers along the opposite side of the roadway or the crossover flow of traffic.
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Allowing exiting traffic to re-enter the through road in the same direction requires leaving the interchange on the local road and turning around, e.g., via a
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from that vantage is very short. All of these combined results in the driver entering a potentially very busy interchange without sufficient information.
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traffic in both directions on the non-freeway road is impossible as the signals cannot be green at both intersections for both directions simultaneously.
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road cross each other on either side of the interchange so that traffic crossing the freeway on the overpass or underpass is operating on the opposite
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Animation of
Diverging Diamond Interchange under construction at Elmhurst Road on Interstate 90 near Elk Grove, Illinois, to be completed in 2016
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2013:
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so sparse that no cars from the oncoming direction are stopped at the light, and clear signage further reduces the likelihood of such errors.
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as one of the best engineering innovations of 2009 and in the U.S. has been promoted as part of the
Federal Highway Administration's
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from that which is customary for the jurisdiction. The crossovers may employ one-side overpasses or be at-grade and controlled by
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completed the conversion of the interchange at
Courthouse Road and I-95 in Stafford, VA into a diverging diamond interchange.
2076:"New Interchange and Intersection Designs: The Synchronized Split-Phasing Intersection and the Diverging Diamond Interchange"
1160:
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Another variation of the diverging diamond was developed by the
Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) as part of their
507:
446:
383:
312:
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811:. The interchange (I-10 exit 270 at Kolb Road) will be reconfigured as a combination of both a diverging diamond and a
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280:
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Additional signage, lighting, and pavement markings are needed beyond the levels for a standard diamond interchange.
704:
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In the United States, invention of the diverging diamond interchange is credited to
Gilbert Chlewicki. In 2005, the
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1987:
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Schroeder, Bastian; Cunningham, Chris; Ray, Brian; Daleiden, Andy; Jenior, Pete; Knudsen, Julia (August 2014).
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503:. The former interchange was upgraded and converted as part of the larger Bruce Highway Upgrade Program.
438:
153:. The flow through a diverging diamond interchange using overpasses at the crossovers is limited only by
150:
870:
2605:
1188:"Public Meeting Tuesday, June 24, On I-44/Route 13 Reconstruction To Reduce Congestion, Improve Safety"
784:
522:
421:
The year 2016 saw the introduction of diverging diamond interchanges by three states. In
February, the
1670:
1486:"Canada's first 'diverging diamond interchange' now open to Calgary traffic - Calgary | Globalnews.ca"
3716:
3535:
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1841:
1275:"Diverging Diamond Interchange and Double Crossover Intersection: Vehicle and Pedestrian Performance"
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2020:
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The diverging diamond interchange has advantages in both efficiency and safety, and was cited by
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2809:
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2179:, Instructional video on how to drive in a DDI, NCDOTcommunications, published on 10 March 2011
2122:
1434:
1259:
288:
1576:"This New, Trippy Interchange Will Have You Driving On The Wrong Side Of The Road In Virginia"
961:. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration Office of Safety. Publication FHWA-SA-14-067.
3591:
3312:
2928:
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2419:
2322:
2172:
Video of
Paramics Traffic Simualtion software modeling a Double Crossover Diamond Interchange
1722:"Goed nieuws voor de mobiliteit rond Waregem: "De Vlecht" aan het afrittencomplex is geopend"
772:
628:
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284:
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174:
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As of
October 14, 2022, over 160 DDIs were operational across the world including:
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477:
442:
224:
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39:
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to a diverging diamond design, the first in the state and the sixth completed nationally.
8:
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Potentially reduces the number of lanes on the crossroad, minimizing space consumption.
48:
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Animation of
Diverging Diamond Interchange at I-590/Winton Road (Rochester, New York)
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KRQE NEWS 13 - Breaking News, Albuquerque News, New Mexico News, Weather, and Videos
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The first known diverging diamond interchanges were in France in the communities of
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2401:
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1103:
1046:"The 'diverging diamond interchange' may come soon to a busy intersection near you"
450:
398:
1435:"Delaware Department of Transportation - SR 72/SR 1 Diverging Diamond Interchange"
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3194:
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2160:
1657:"Sydney's worst roundabout gets $ 100m upgrade, work won't start for three years"
1258:
Hughes, Warren; Jagannathan, Ram; Sengupta, Dibu & Hummer, Joe (April 2010).
808:
426:
145:
1955:"TRAFFIC ENGINEERING COUNCIL BEST PAPER and BEST PRODUCT AWARD: Past Recipients"
1211:"Evaluating the Application of Diverging Diamond Interchange in Athens, Alabama"
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3322:
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1343:"Diverging Diamond Interchange: Interstate 15 and Timpanogos Highway, Lehi, UT"
173:
Pictures from the first diverging diamond interchange in the United States, in
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Transportation engineers discuss the design of the fifth U.S. DDI in Alcoa, TN
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2123:"Missouri's Experience with a Diverging Diamond Interchange: Lessons Learned"
2102:
1696:"Gympie Arterial Road and Strathpine Road (Bald Hills), improve intersection"
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907:. Missouri Department of Transportation. May 2010. p. 4. Archived from
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Reduces the number of conflict points, thus theoretically improving safety.
228:
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1752:"Ontario's first diverging diamond interchange opens. Here's how it works"
1631:"California's first diverging diamond interchange just debuted in Manteca"
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Two-phase signals with short cycle lengths, significantly reducing delay.
2046:"Interstate 10 and State Route 210 Study | Department of Transportation"
1899:"The 'Diverging Diamond' Interchange Is an Abomination - Sarah Goodyear"
998:
529:
was converted to this interchange and opened to traffic on November 25.
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3120:
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1551:"Major contractor opens Australian first Diverging Diamond Interchange"
518:
1925:"United States Patent 8,950,970: Double Crossover Merging Interchange"
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variant, patented in 2015, has received recent attention. Called the
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Bottom right:Traffic crosses back over to the right side of the road.
1157:"I-44/Route 13 Interchange Reconstruction: Diverging Diamond Design"
783:), it includes elements from the diverging diamond interchange, the
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3500:
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3244:
3105:
3070:
3008:
2654:
2629:
2454:
2132:
2012:
Buteliauskas, Stanislovas; Juozapavičius, Aušrius (June 15, 2014).
1260:
Alternative Intersections/Interchanges: Informational Report (AIIR)
933:
755:
307:
Southbound approach to the I-44/Route 13 interchange in Springfield
599:
Increases the capacity of turning movements to and from the ramps.
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Reduced horizontal curvature reduces the risk of off-road crashes.
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3224:
3075:
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2397:
Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway
2327:
1357:"FHWA - Center for Innovative Finance Support - Project Profiles"
473:
469:
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129:
52:
2183:
Images of Diverging Diamond Interchange in Springfield, Missouri
517:(Caltrans) completed the first diverging diamond interchange in
3678:
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2758:
2721:
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1766:"Ministeren markerede ibrugtagning af det dynamiske ruderanlæg"
1273:
Edara, Praveen K.; Bared, Joe G. & Jagannathan, Ramanujan.
1257:
232:
34:. For countries that drive on the left, reverse right and left.
2154:
DDI Guideline – A UDOT Guide to Diverging Diamond Interchanges
1986:. Transportation Research Board. July 21, 2014. Archived from
954:
576:>150 in the United States, with ~80 more under construction
464:
The first interchange in Canada opened on August 13, 2017, at
207:
Lunchtime traffic at the diverging diamond interchange at the
1957:. Institute of Transportation Engineers. 2016. Archived from
1871:"Missouri's Experience with a Diverging Diamond Interchange"
1809:"Missouri's Experience with a Diverging Diamond Interchange"
902:"Missouri's Experience with a Diverging Diamond Interchange"
794:
763:
283:(ODOT) considered reconfiguring the existing interchange on
183:
Top right: Traffic crosses over to the left side of the road
2358:
1525:"Bruce Highway Upgrade Caloundra Road to Sunshine Motorway"
1218:
International Journal for Traffic and Transport Engineering
1185:
926:"Gallery: Looking Back at the 100 Best Innovations of 2009"
608:
Increases the capacity by removing the need for turn lanes.
93:
A diagram illustrating traffic movements in the interchange
2135:"Drivers' Evaluation of the Diverging Diamond Interchange"
3189:
2011:
1901:. The Atlantic Cities. September 20, 2011. Archived from
1049:
589:, the advantages of a diverging diamond interchange are:
1981:"Alternative Intersections & Interchanges Symposium"
634:
Highway bus stops must be sited outside the interchange.
1409:"Unique I-25 interchange now open for Santa Fe drivers"
1289:
1287:
750:
1190:(Press release). Missouri Department of Transportation
128:
in which the opposing directions of travel on the non-
315:(MoDot) was the first US agency to construct one, in
1284:
2312:
Springfield, Missouri diverging diamond interchange
2120:
611:
Costs significantly less than a normal interchange.
393:(KYTC) completed conversion of the intersection of
376:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
358:
Springfield, Missouri diverging diamond interchange
495:on November 28, 2019. The interchange, located in
101:Plan of rejected diverging diamond interchange in
1389:. Advanced Transportation Solutions (ATS) America
1272:
958:Diverging Diamond Interchange Informational Guide
869:Hughes, Warren; Jagannathan, Ram (October 2009).
868:
493:Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
3747:
1340:
2019:. Military Academy of Lithuania. Archived from
1720:Coopman, Bart; Baert, Kate (October 14, 2022).
1345:. United States Federal Highway Administration.
1209:Khan, Tahmina; Anderson, Michael (March 2016).
1012:"I-64 Interchange at Route 15, Zion Crossroads"
739:The design depends on site-specific conditions.
178:Top left: Traffic enters the interchange along
2163:, Utah Department of Transportation, June 2014
835:List of road interchanges in the United States
2343:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1788:Washington State Department of Transportation
1186:Springfield District Office (June 19, 2008).
736:No standards currently exist for this design.
1719:
1361:Project Profile: I-5 Fern Valley Interchange
1208:
1065:"French Connection May Control Traffic Flow"
2177:Diverging Diamond Interchange Visualization
1483:
703:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
487:The first diverging diamond interchange in
2350:
2336:
1829:
2133:Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center.
2107:The Diverging Diamond Interchange Website
2100:
2073:
2014:"Interchange of a New Generation Pinavia"
1929:United States Patent and Trademark Office
1262:(Report). Federal Highway Administration.
1043:
795:Three-level diverging diamond interchange
723:Learn how and when to remove this message
664:
418:efficient and accessible for all users."
413:and Timpanogos Highway. According to the
2128:. Missouri Department of Transportation.
1671:"Burleigh Diverging Diamond Interchange"
1484:Yourex-West, Heather (August 14, 2017).
1091:
762:
754:
302:
193:
168:
96:
88:
38:
2101:Chlewicki, Gilbert (December 4, 2011).
555:1 in Denmark, opened September 17, 2017
515:California Department of Transportation
431:New Mexico Department of Transportation
380:Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center
14:
3748:
1039:
1037:
871:"Double Crossover Diamond Interchange"
3446:Median / Central reservation
2331:
1880:. May 2010. p. 6. Archived from
1865:
1863:
1861:
1818:. May 2010. p. 5. Archived from
1732:from the original on October 14, 2022
1586:from the original on December 6, 2019
1548:
1464:Delaware Department of Transportation
1239:from the original on December 9, 2019
1161:Missouri Department of Transportation
1094:"Missouri Drivers May Go to the Left"
1062:
1016:Virginia Department of Transportation
1009:
508:Virginia Department of Transportation
447:Delaware Department of Transportation
384:Institute of Transportation Engineers
382:and published by Ohio Section of the
313:Missouri Department of Transportation
30:This article reflects countries that
896:
894:
892:
777:double crossover merging interchange
751:Double crossover merging interchange
701:adding citations to reliable sources
668:
118:double crossover diamond interchange
18:Double crossover merging interchange
1931:. February 10, 2015. Archived from
1555:Roads & Infrastructure Magazine
1320:"US 68 (Harrodsburg Road) Widening"
1034:
423:Oregon Department of Transportation
24:
3364:Risk compensation (road transport)
2357:
2066:
1858:
1801:
1549:Jones, Lauren (December 1, 2019).
1427:
641:. This affects several use cases:
185:Bottom left: Traffic crosses over
25:
3767:
2147:
1341:Office of Safety (June 1, 2014).
1092:Sedensky, Matt (March 30, 2006).
889:
546:3 in Australia, with more planned
499:, connects Caloundra Road to the
415:U.S. Department of Transportation
281:Ohio Department of Transportation
3730:Glossary of road transport terms
2121:Innovations Library (May 2010).
1700:sc-tmrwcmgr-cd.azurewebsites.net
1529:sc-tmrwcmgr-cd.azurewebsites.net
1363:. Federal Highway Administration
1133:. March 31, 2006. Archived from
673:
615:
449:completed the conversion of the
2038:
2005:
1973:
1947:
1917:
1891:
1842:"Diverging Diamond Interchange"
1784:"Diverging diamond interchange"
1776:
1758:
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1334:
1312:
1266:
1202:
1179:
1149:
1125:"Wrong Way? Not in Kansas City"
1117:
1085:
973:"Diverging Diamond Interchange"
813:three-level diamond interchange
647:Bypassing a crash at the bridge
644:Drivers who take the wrong exit
391:Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
2139:Federal Highway Administration
1102:. Wilmington, North Carolina.
1056:
1003:
991:
975:. OHM Advisors. Archived from
965:
948:
918:
875:Federal Highway Administration
862:
845:Single-point urban interchange
537:
372:Federal Highway Administration
13:
1:
3712:Pavement performance modeling
3702:International roughness index
1610:Diverging Diamond Interchange
1387:Diverging Diamond Interchange
1299:Diverging Diamond Interchange
856:
625:of the interchange’s signals.
580:
570:1 in the United Arab Emirates
480:the next year as part of the
110:diverging diamond interchange
3707:Present serviceability index
3501:Sidewalk / Pavement
3046:Diamond grinding of pavement
1163:. April 2009. Archived from
1063:Patch, David (May 2, 2005).
7:
3679:Underpass / Tunnel
3674:Overpass / Flyover
3428:High-occupancy vehicle lane
3318:Driving under the influence
2392:Freeway / Motorway
2199:
2185:the first in North America.
2074:Chlewicki, Gilbert (2003).
818:
558:2 in France, built in 1970s
211:and Route 13 in Springfield
151:Every Day Counts initiative
10:
3772:
2606:Highway systems by country
1511:"Saskatchewan's First DDI"
1230:10.7708/ijtte.2016.6(1).04
1044:Joel Rose (May 28, 2024).
767:DCMI traffic flow patterns
759:3D computer generated DCMI
433:converted the crossing of
164:
29:
27:Freeway interchange design
3725:
3717:Granular base equivalency
3687:
3658:
3564:
3536:Traffic signal preemption
3381:
3341:
3303:
3145:
3134:
2986:
2944:Right-in/right-out (RIRO)
2873:
2850:Single-point urban (SPUI)
2790:
2781:
2709:
2614:
2528:
2410:
2377:
2368:
1460:"DelDOT Interactive Maps"
785:tight diamond interchange
491:opened to traffic by the
3697:Pavement condition index
3423:High-occupancy toll lane
3418:Contraflow lane reversal
3393:Barrier transfer machine
2159:August 14, 2014, at the
773:free-flowing interchange
476:followed by one east of
468:and 162 Avenue South in
389:On August 14, 2011, the
319:at the junction between
2551:Express-collector setup
1010:Staff (June 13, 2013).
807:extension project near
639:median U-turn crossover
455:DE-72 (Wrangle Hill Rd)
74:33.656528°N 84.497639°W
43:A diverging diamond at
3735:Road types by features
3630:Raised pavement marker
3597:Constant-slope barrier
3521:Traffic directionality
3511:Street running railway
2934:Protected intersection
2321:—Diverging diamond in
2235:—Diverging diamond in
2223:48.832115°N 2.152859°E
1383:"DDI Openings by Date"
1295:"DDI Openings by Date"
768:
760:
665:Further considerations
654:to bypass a low bridge
532:
506:In December 2019, the
435:NM 14 (Cerrillos Road)
308:
212:
191:
105:
94:
86:
3592:Concrete step barrier
2929:Offset T-intersection
2323:Springfield, Missouri
2272:Diverging diamond in
1754:. September 25, 2022.
1606:"SR 120 @ Union Road"
1137:on September 28, 2018
766:
758:
497:Caloundra, Queensland
306:
206:
175:Springfield, Missouri
172:
100:
92:
79:33.656528; -84.497639
42:
3635:Road surface marking
3333:Single-vehicle crash
3056:Full depth recycling
2954:Seagull intersection
1905:on November 13, 2011
1022:on November 27, 2013
979:on February 19, 2009
697:improve this section
521:. An interchange at
478:Regina, Saskatchewan
259:50.54472°N 3.05583°E
225:Le Perreux-sur-Marne
3756:Road junction types
3461:Pedestrian crossing
3024:Reinforced concrete
2860:Three-level diamond
2571:Two-lane expressway
2556:Farm-to-market road
2301:37.2503°N 93.3107°W
2296: /
2256: /
2228:48.832115; 2.152859
2219: /
2088:on October 20, 2011
1637:. November 20, 2020
997:Gilbert Chlewicki:
587:diamond interchange
527:Manteca, California
445:. In November, the
347:37.2503°N 93.3107°W
342: /
293:State Route 15
289:U.S. Route 224
255: /
209:James River Freeway
126:diamond interchange
70: /
45:Interstate 285
3491:Runaway truck ramp
3313:Driver's education
3101:Rubberized asphalt
3036:Crocodile cracking
2959:Split intersection
2727:Hierarchy of roads
2688:Single carriageway
2141:. FHWA-HRT-07-048.
2026:on October 4, 2016
1961:on October 4, 2016
1935:on January 3, 2017
1415:. October 31, 2016
1130:Land Line Magazine
769:
761:
525:and Union Road in
429:. In October, the
309:
213:
192:
124:), is a subset of
106:
95:
87:
49:Camp Creek Parkway
32:drive on the right
3743:
3742:
3551:Wide outside lane
3377:
3376:
3354:Automotive safety
3235:Road slipperiness
2982:
2981:
2830:Diverging diamond
2777:
2776:
2693:Single-track road
2635:Bicycle boulevard
2306:37.2503; -93.3107
2103:"About Chlewicki"
1659:. April 26, 2022.
877:. FHWA-HRT-09-054
789:stack interchange
733:
732:
725:
567:2 in South Africa
564:2 in Saudi Arabia
457:overpass west of
352:37.2503; -93.3107
325:Missouri Route 13
264:50.54472; 3.05583
204:
180:Missouri Route 13
116:), also called a
16:(Redirected from
3763:
3587:Cat's eye (road)
3408:Complete streets
3180:Dead Man's Curve
3143:
3142:
3081:Pavement milling
2996:Asphalt concrete
2939:Quadrant roadway
2880:
2802:
2788:
2787:
2754:Street hierarchy
2402:Elevated highway
2375:
2374:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2329:
2328:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2142:
2129:
2127:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2087:
2081:. Archived from
2080:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2025:
2018:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1993:on March 5, 2016
1992:
1985:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1887:on May 30, 2010.
1886:
1875:
1867:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1846:
1838:
1827:
1826:
1825:on May 30, 2010.
1824:
1813:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1291:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1238:
1215:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1104:Associated Press
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1018:. Archived from
1007:
1001:
995:
989:
988:
986:
984:
969:
963:
962:
952:
946:
945:
943:
941:
936:on June 15, 2013
932:. Archived from
922:
916:
915:
914:on May 30, 2010.
913:
906:
898:
887:
886:
884:
882:
866:
728:
721:
717:
714:
708:
677:
669:
399:Kentucky Route 4
366:
365:
363:
362:
361:
359:
354:
353:
348:
343:
340:
339:
338:
335:
270:
269:
267:
266:
265:
260:
256:
253:
252:
251:
248:
205:
85:
84:
82:
81:
80:
75:
71:
68:
67:
66:
63:
21:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3721:
3689:
3683:
3654:
3645:Traffic barrier
3605:F-Shape barrier
3560:
3516:Traffic calming
3476:Reversible lane
3466:Pedestrian zone
3451:Motorcycle lane
3413:Contraflow lane
3385:time allocation
3384:
3373:
3369:Underride guard
3337:
3299:
3185:Expansion joint
3147:
3137:
3130:
3116:Stamped asphalt
2978:
2909:Continuous flow
2882:
2878:
2877:
2869:
2803:
2799:grade-separated
2796:
2795:
2773:
2732:Private highway
2705:
2610:
2524:
2406:
2364:
2356:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2264:
2262:
2260:37.25°N 93.31°W
2258:
2255:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2161:Wayback Machine
2150:
2145:
2125:
2111:
2109:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2069:
2067:Further reading
2064:
2054:
2052:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1884:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1830:
1822:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1790:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1770:Vejdirektoratet
1764:
1763:
1759:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1735:
1733:
1718:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1547:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1482:
1478:
1468:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1416:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1364:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1339:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1277:
1271:
1267:
1256:
1252:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1213:
1207:
1203:
1193:
1191:
1184:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1167:on June 7, 2011
1155:
1154:
1150:
1140:
1138:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1061:
1057:
1042:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1008:
1004:
996:
992:
982:
980:
971:
970:
966:
953:
949:
939:
937:
930:Popular Science
924:
923:
919:
911:
904:
900:
899:
890:
880:
878:
867:
863:
859:
821:
809:Tucson, Arizona
797:
753:
729:
718:
712:
709:
694:
678:
667:
618:
583:
573:1 in Costa Rica
540:
535:
523:State Route 120
357:
355:
351:
349:
345:
344:
341:
336:
333:
331:
329:
328:
263:
261:
257:
254:
249:
246:
244:
242:
241:
194:
189:
184:
182:
177:
167:
146:Popular Science
78:
76:
72:
69:
64:
61:
59:
57:
56:
55:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3769:
3759:
3758:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3615:Jersey barrier
3612:
3607:
3602:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3546:Unused highway
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3526:Traffic island
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3323:Drowsy driving
3320:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3205:Level crossing
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3140:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2904:Channelization
2901:
2896:
2891:
2889:3-way junction
2885:
2883:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2791:
2785:
2783:Road junctions
2779:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2747:business route
2744:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2675:Primitive road
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2546:County highway
2543:
2541:Collector road
2538:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2515:United Kingdom
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2450:Czech Republic
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2416:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2379:Limited-access
2372:
2366:
2365:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2280:
2240:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2149:
2148:External links
2146:
2144:
2143:
2130:
2118:
2098:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2037:
2004:
1972:
1946:
1916:
1890:
1857:
1828:
1800:
1775:
1757:
1743:
1712:
1687:
1662:
1648:
1622:
1597:
1567:
1541:
1516:
1502:
1476:
1451:
1426:
1400:
1374:
1348:
1333:
1311:
1283:
1265:
1250:
1201:
1178:
1148:
1116:
1084:
1073:. Toledo, Ohio
1055:
1033:
1002:
990:
964:
947:
917:
888:
860:
858:
855:
854:
853:
848:
842:
837:
832:
827:
820:
817:
796:
793:
752:
749:
748:
747:
743:
740:
737:
731:
730:
681:
679:
672:
666:
663:
662:
661:
657:
656:
655:
648:
645:
635:
632:
626:
622:
617:
614:
613:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
585:Compared to a
582:
579:
578:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
539:
536:
534:
531:
425:opened one in
271:) between the
166:
163:
138:traffic lights
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3768:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3625:Noise barrier
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3582:Cable barrier
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3531:Traffic lanes
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3471:Refuge island
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3436:Living street
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3403:Climbing lane
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3305:Human factors
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:Traffic light
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3220:Oversize load
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3210:Manhole cover
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
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3041:Crushed stone
3039:
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3017:
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3012:
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2924:Michigan left
2922:
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2902:
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2897:
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2881:
2876:Intersections
2872:
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2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
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2828:
2826:
2825:Directional T
2823:
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2818:
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2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2789:
2786:
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2770:
2767:
2765:
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2748:
2745:
2743:
2742:special route
2740:
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2661:
2660:Frontage road
2658:
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2537:
2536:Arterial road
2534:
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2527:
2521:
2520:United States
2518:
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2508:
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2398:
2395:
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2384:
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2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Types of road
2367:
2363:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2324:
2318:
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2279:
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2269:
2265:37.25; -93.31
2241:
2238:
2232:
2204:
2203:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2173:
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2162:
2158:
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2140:
2136:
2131:
2124:
2119:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2084:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2022:
2015:
2008:
1989:
1982:
1976:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1883:
1879:
1878:www.modot.org
1872:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1843:
1837:
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1833:
1821:
1817:
1816:www.modot.org
1810:
1804:
1793:September 27,
1789:
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1767:
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1731:
1727:
1723:
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1680:September 28,
1676:
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1490:globalnews.ca
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1038:
1021:
1017:
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1000:
999:About History
994:
978:
974:
968:
960:
959:
951:
935:
931:
927:
921:
910:
903:
897:
895:
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865:
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849:
846:
843:
841:
840:Michigan left
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
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816:
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806:
802:
792:
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744:
741:
738:
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734:
727:
724:
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706:
702:
698:
692:
691:
687:
682:This section
680:
676:
671:
670:
658:
653:
652:oversize load
649:
646:
643:
642:
640:
636:
633:
630:
627:
623:
620:
619:
616:Disadvantages
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
591:
590:
588:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
561:8 in Malaysia
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
544:
543:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
513:In 2020, the
511:
509:
504:
502:
501:Bruce Highway
498:
494:
490:
485:
483:
482:Regina Bypass
479:
475:
471:
467:
466:Macleod Trail
462:
460:
459:Delaware City
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
439:Interstate 25
436:
432:
428:
424:
419:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:U.S. Route 68
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
370:In 2010, the
368:
364:
326:
322:
318:
314:
305:
301:
298:
294:
290:
286:
285:Interstate 75
282:
277:
274:
268:
238:
234:
231:at N486) and
230:
226:
222:
218:
210:
188:
187:Interstate 44
181:
176:
171:
162:
158:
156:
152:
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141:
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135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
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111:
104:
103:Findlay, Ohio
99:
91:
83:
54:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3650:Traffic cone
3640:Rumble strip
3541:Truck bypass
3496:Shared space
3456:Passing lane
3441:Managed lane
3398:Bicycle lane
3280:Washboarding
3275:Traffic sign
3200:Hairpin turn
2969:Texas U-turn
2899:Box junction
2829:
2793:Interchanges
2737:Route number
2645:Country lane
2387:Bike freeway
2110:. Retrieved
2106:
2090:. Retrieved
2083:the original
2055:September 7,
2053:. Retrieved
2049:
2040:
2028:. Retrieved
2021:the original
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1988:the original
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1959:the original
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:the original
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1903:the original
1893:
1882:the original
1877:
1848:. Retrieved
1820:the original
1815:
1803:
1791:. Retrieved
1787:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1746:
1734:. Retrieved
1728:(in Dutch).
1725:
1715:
1705:November 22,
1703:. Retrieved
1699:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1665:
1651:
1639:. Retrieved
1634:
1625:
1613:. Retrieved
1609:
1600:
1588:. Retrieved
1579:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1528:
1519:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1489:
1479:
1467:. Retrieved
1463:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:
1429:
1417:. Retrieved
1412:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1386:
1377:
1365:. Retrieved
1360:
1351:
1336:
1326:February 19,
1324:. Retrieved
1314:
1304:February 19,
1302:. Retrieved
1298:
1268:
1253:
1241:. Retrieved
1224:(1): 38–50.
1221:
1217:
1204:
1192:. Retrieved
1181:
1169:. Retrieved
1165:the original
1151:
1139:. Retrieved
1135:the original
1128:
1119:
1107:. Retrieved
1097:
1087:
1075:. Retrieved
1068:
1058:
1026:December 11,
1024:. Retrieved
1020:the original
1005:
993:
981:. Retrieved
977:the original
967:
957:
950:
938:. Retrieved
934:the original
929:
920:
909:the original
879:. Retrieved
864:
798:
780:
776:
770:
719:
710:
695:Please help
683:
650:Allowing an
629:Free-flowing
584:
549:1 in Belgium
541:
512:
505:
486:
463:
420:
388:
369:
310:
278:
214:
159:
144:
142:
134:driving side
121:
117:
113:
109:
107:
65:84°29′51.5″W
62:33°39′23.5″N
36:
3688:Performance
3620:Kassel kerb
3577:Botts' dots
3565:Demarcation
3265:Storm drain
3230:Road debris
3155:Aquaplaning
3148:environment
3136:Road safety
3014:Cobblestone
2964:Superstreet
2769:Winter road
2717:Concurrency
2710:Other terms
2701:Sunken lane
2670:Main street
2615:Local roads
2304: /
2263: /
2226: /
2112:January 20,
2092:October 20,
1736:October 14,
1590:December 6,
983:November 6,
940:January 20,
851:Superstreet
552:3 in Canada
538:Operational
350: /
317:Springfield
262: /
77: /
3690:indicators
3659:Structures
3610:Guard rail
3486:Road verge
3359:Seat belts
3295:Snowsquall
3260:Speed bump
3240:Road train
3061:Glassphalt
3001:Bioasphalt
2974:Turnaround
2949:Roundabout
2879:(at-grade)
2845:Roundabout
2810:Cloverleaf
2665:Green lane
2601:Trunk road
2529:Main roads
2412:By country
2310: (
2291:93°18′39″W
2288:37°15′01″N
2237:Versailles
2211:48°49′56″N
1939:October 4,
1560:August 29,
1534:August 29,
1439:deldot.gov
857:References
787:, and the
746:movements.
581:Advantages
519:California
356: (
337:93°18′39″W
334:37°15′01″N
247:50°32′41″N
223:at D182),
217:Versailles
3481:Road diet
3383:Space and
3328:Road rage
3215:Oil spill
3175:Crosswind
3165:Black ice
3160:Avalanche
3086:Permeable
2919:Jughandle
2914:Hook turn
2820:Free-flow
2764:Toll road
2683:Side road
2640:Boulevard
2596:Super two
2591:Ring road
2566:Link road
2465:Hong Kong
2420:Australia
2362:hierarchy
2214:2°09′10″E
2050:azdot.gov
2030:4 October
1997:4 October
1965:4 October
1909:April 22,
1726:Focus-WTV
1635:abc10.com
1322:. Stantec
1099:Star-News
1070:The Blade
881:April 22,
830:Jughandle
825:Hook turn
803:widening/
684:does not
489:Australia
484:project.
403:Lexington
3750:Category
3669:Causeway
3506:Shoulder
3342:Vehicles
3290:Whiteout
3250:Rockfall
3245:Roadkill
3170:Bleeding
3146:Road and
3106:Sealcoat
3031:Corduroy
3019:Concrete
3009:Chipseal
2988:Surfaces
2840:Raindrop
2655:Driveway
2650:Dead end
2630:Backroad
2581:2+2 road
2576:2+1 road
2500:Portugal
2490:Pakistan
2239:, France
2200:Examples
2157:Archived
1730:Archived
1675:BG&E
1584:Archived
1495:March 7,
1469:June 29,
1444:June 29,
1419:June 14,
1393:March 1,
1367:March 1,
1234:Archived
1194:June 19,
1141:April 8,
1109:April 8,
1077:April 8,
819:See also
713:May 2024
443:Santa Fe
378:and the
295:west of
250:3°3′21″E
3572:Bollard
3556:Woonerf
3285:Washout
3225:Pothole
3138:factors
3126:Texture
3096:Plastic
3076:Macadam
2865:Trumpet
2815:Diamond
2586:Parkway
2561:Highway
2475:Ireland
2455:Germany
2445:Croatia
2425:Belgium
2251:93°19′W
2248:37°15′N
1850:June 7,
1641:May 31,
1615:May 31,
1243:May 28,
1171:May 19,
705:removed
690:sources
474:Alberta
470:Calgary
427:Phoenix
407:Stantec
297:Findlay
165:History
155:weaving
130:freeway
53:Atlanta
3665:Bridge
3349:Airbag
3121:Tarmac
3066:Gravel
2894:Bowtie
2835:Parclo
2759:Stroad
2722:Detour
2697:Street
2625:Avenue
2510:Taiwan
2495:Poland
2460:Greece
2435:Canada
2430:Brazil
2278:France
2274:Seclin
847:(SPUI)
805:SR 210
233:Seclin
3091:Plank
3005:Brick
2855:Stack
2621:Alley
2505:Spain
2485:Nepal
2480:Italy
2470:India
2440:China
2126:(PDF)
2086:(PDF)
2079:(PDF)
2024:(PDF)
2017:(PDF)
1991:(PDF)
1984:(PDF)
1885:(PDF)
1874:(PDF)
1845:(PDF)
1823:(PDF)
1812:(PDF)
1580:DCist
1278:(PDF)
1237:(PDF)
1214:(PDF)
912:(PDF)
905:(PDF)
51:near
3601:Curb
3432:Lane
3195:Ford
3111:Sett
3051:Dirt
2679:Road
2359:Road
2114:2012
2094:2009
2057:2023
2032:2016
1999:2016
1967:2016
1941:2016
1911:2014
1852:2020
1795:2022
1738:2022
1707:2022
1682:2022
1643:2021
1617:2021
1592:2019
1562:2021
1536:2021
1497:2019
1471:2020
1446:2020
1421:2022
1395:2023
1369:2023
1328:2023
1306:2023
1245:2024
1196:2008
1173:2009
1143:2014
1111:2014
1079:2014
1028:2013
985:2008
942:2012
883:2012
801:I-10
781:DCMI
688:any
686:cite
453:and
451:DE-1
437:and
411:I-15
397:and
327:(at
323:and
321:I-44
311:The
291:and
47:and
3255:Rut
3190:Fog
3071:Ice
1226:doi
1050:NPR
699:by
533:Use
441:in
401:in
287:at
221:A13
122:DCD
114:DDI
3752::
2276:,
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2105:.
2048:.
1927:.
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1286:^
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928:.
891:^
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472:,
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386:.
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237:A1
229:A4
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