359:, Corrigan decided repairing the leak would take too long if he was to meet his schedule. His logged flight plan had him returning to California on July 17. Before takeoff, Corrigan asked the manager of Floyd Bennett Field, Kenneth P. Behr, which runway to use, and Behr told him to use any runway as long as he didn't take off to the west, in the direction of the administration building where Behr had his office. As recorded in Corrigan's autobiography, Behr wished him "Bon Voyage" prior to takeoff, perhaps in a nod to Corrigan's intentions to fly the Atlantic. Upon takeoff at 0515 with 320 US gallons (1,200 L) of gasoline and 16 US gallons (61 L) of oil, Corrigan made a straight-out departure from the 4,200-foot (1,300 m)
422:. As I looked over it at the Dublin airdrome I really marveled that anyone should have been rash enough even to go in the air with it, much less try to fly the Atlantic. He built it, or rebuilt it, practically as a boy would build a scooter out of a soapbox and a pair of old roller skates. It looked it. The nose of the engine hood was a mass of patches soldered by Corrigan himself into a crazy-quilt design. The door behind which Corrigan crouched for twenty-eight hours was fastened together with a piece of baling wire. The reserve gasoline tanks put together by Corrigan, left him so little room that he had to sit hunched forward with his knees cramped, and not enough window space to see the ground when landing.
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499:. The $ 75,000 (equal to $ 1,642,823 today) he earned from that movie role was the equivalent of 30 years' income at his airfield jobs. Although he did not immediately acknowledge the accomplishment, Charles Lindbergh wrote a friendly four-page handwritten letter to Corrigan in 1939 after Corrigan sent him a copy of the autobiography.
187:) and had made several modifications to his own plane, preparing it for his transatlantic flight. He had been denied permission to make a nonstop flight from New York to Ireland, and his "navigational error" was seen as deliberate. Nevertheless, he never publicly admitted to having flown to Ireland intentionally.
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Aviation officials sent a 600-word telegram to list the regulations broken by his flight (in a medium that encourages brevity by charging at a rate per word). Despite the extent of
Corrigan's illegality, he received only a mild punishment; his pilot's certificate was suspended for 14 days. He and his
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Although he never admitted it, he apparently planned a late arrival at New York so that he could refill his tanks and leave for
Ireland after airport officials had gone home from work. Mechanical problems extended his unapproved flight to nine days, which delayed him beyond the Atlantic "safe weather
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On July 9, 1938, Corrigan again left
California for Floyd Bennett Field in Brooklyn, New York. He had repaired the engine, taking his total spent on the aircraft to about $ 900 (equivalent to $ 19,500 in 2023), gained an experimental license, and obtained permission for a transcontinental flight
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You may say that
Corrigan's flight could not be compared to Lindbergh's in its sensational appeal as the first solo flight across the ocean. Yes, but in another way the obscure little Irishman's flight was the more audacious of the two. Lindbergh had a plane specially constructed, the finest money
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Over the next two years, Corrigan made repeated modifications and reapplications for full certification, but none succeeded. Indeed, by 1937, after extensive modifications in the face of increasing regulation, his aircraft was refused renewal of its license because it was deemed to be too unstable
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Corrigan claimed to have noticed his "error" after flying for about 26 hours. This is not entirely consistent with his claim that after 10 hours, he felt his feet go cold; the cockpit floor was awash with gasoline leaking from the unrepaired tank. He used a screwdriver to punch a hole through the
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in 1972. In 1988, however, he joined in the golden anniversary celebration of his famous "wrong way" flight, allowing enthusiasts to retrieve the Robin from its hangar. The plane was reassembled and the engine was run successfully. Corrigan was so excited that the organizers placed guards at the
558:
An anthology of aircraft-related mysteries published in 1995 claimed that
Corrigan was elected an Honorary Member of the 'Liars Club of America' at the age of 84, and that the 'honor,' (as had so many other suggestions over the years since his transatlantic flight) had been politely but firmly
218:"Jenny" biplane near his home. He paid $ 2.50 (equivalent to $ 43 in 2023) for his own ride. A week later, he began flying lessons, spending non-flying time watching and learning from local aircraft mechanics. After twenty lessons, he made his first solo flight on March 25, 1926.
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plane's wings while he was at the show and considered tethering the tail to a police car to prevent him from taking off in it. Later, Corrigan became elusive about the plane's location. It was rumored he had dismantled and stored it in several locations to prevent its theft.
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Corrigan moved from job to job as an aircraft mechanic, using his employers' planes to develop his flying skills. He gained his transport pilot certificate in
October 1929, and started a passenger service in 1930 with his friend Steve Reich, flying between small
267:, in strings of up to a dozen, spiralling from close to the ground. The company disapproved and prohibited him from performing stunts in the company aircraft. Corrigan simply flew to a field further south where his stunts could not be seen by his employers.
546:. He lived there with his wife and three sons for the remainder of his life. He knew nothing about raising oranges, and said he learned by copying his neighbors. His wife died in 1966, and Corrigan sold most of his grove for development, keeping only the
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in 1935, seeking permission to make a nonstop flight from New York to
Ireland. The application was rejected; his plane was deemed unsound for a nonstop transatlantic trip, although it was certified to the lower standard for cross-country journeys.
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After
Lindbergh's success in May 1927, Corrigan decided to duplicate it and selected Ireland as his objective. He discussed the idea with friends and mentioned flying without permission. When Ryan Aeronautical moved to
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displays promoting short recreational plane rides. Despite business success, Corrigan decided to return to
California after a few years. In 1933, he spent $ 310 (equivalent to $ 7,300 in 2023) on a used 1929
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in
October 1928, Corrigan stayed in San Diego as a mechanic for the newly formed Airtech School. With more than fifty students flying each day, Corrigan could get flight time only during his lunch break.
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243:. Corrigan and his colleague Dan Burnett increased the lift of the aircraft by extending the wing 10 feet (3.0 m) longer than any previous Ryan design. Corrigan pulled the chocks from the
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for safe flight. His autobiography expresses his exasperation with official resistance and he is widely thought to have responded by deciding that year to make an unofficial crossing.
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descent. The family moved often and his parents finally divorced, sharing custody of their children. Corrigan eventually settled with his mother, brother Harry, and sister Evelyn in
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In October 2019, Corrigan's Curtiss Robin was delivered to the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Chino, California, where it remains on display (although in a disassembled state).
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could buy. He had lavish financial backing, friends to help him at every turn. Corrigan had nothing but his own ambition, courage, and ability. His plane, a nine-year-old
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cockpit floor so that the fuel would drain away on the side opposite the hot exhaust pipe, reducing the risk of a midair explosion. Had he been truly unaware he was over
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371:, it seems likely he would have descended at this point; instead, he claimed to have increased the engine speed by almost 20% in the hope of decreasing his flight time.
348:, the eastbound journey took him 27 hours. Fuel efficiency became critical toward the end of the flight, and a gasoline leak developed, filling the cockpit with fumes.
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According to a letter written to a fan in 1940, Corrigan said he had "no hobbies except working on airplanes or machinery". When the United States
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engines (affording 165 hp (123 kW) instead of the 90 hp (67 kW) of the original) and extra fuel tanks, Corrigan applied to the
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consisting of only the first chapter and all the illustrations followed by blank pages. The sales blurb pasted to the front cover explains it all.
485:, within months of the flight; it was published for the Christmas market on 15 December 1938. He also endorsed 'wrong-way' products including a
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550:. One of the streets in the 93-house estate is named after him. He became reclusive after one of his sons died in a private plane crash on
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and arrived on August 4, the last day of his suspension. His return was marked with great celebration. More people attended his
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refused. Up to his death on December 9, 1995, Corrigan still maintained that he had made his transatlantic flight by accident.
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and flew it home, where he again worked as an aircraft mechanic, and began to modify the Robin for a transatlantic flight.
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football incident) and was mentioned (or used as satire) when someone had the reputation for taking the wrong direction.
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factory in 1926. Corrigan was responsible for assembling the wing and installing the fuel tanks and instrument panel of
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with conditional consent for a return trip. With the Robin cruising at 85 miles per hour (137 km/h) for maximum
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This article is derived from the sources listed here. The essential sources are Corrigan (1938) and Fasolino (2001).
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Corrigan's plane had fuel tanks mounted ahead of his position, allowing him to see only out of the sides. He had no
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error, caused by heavy cloud cover that obscured landmarks and low-light conditions, causing him to misread his
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Among aviation historians, Corrigan is remembered as one of the brave few who made early transoceanic flights.
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574:. The nickname "'Wrong Way' Corrigan" passed into common use (sometimes confused with the memory of 1929's
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He appeared as a contestant on the July 16, 1957 episode of United States television panel show
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In October 1925, eighteen-year-old Corrigan saw people paying to be taken for short rides in a
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Corrigan's "error" caught the imagination of the depressed American public and inspired many
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771:"Spirit of San Diego : Plans Take Wing to Spotlight City's Role in Lindbergh's Flight"
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805:"Douglas Corrigan, 88, Dies: Wrong-Way Trip Was the Right Way to Celebrity as an Aviator"
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than had honored Lindbergh after his triumph. He was also given a ticker tape parade in
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when Lindbergh took off from San Diego to New York to prepare for his historic flight.
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Guts in the Clutch: 77 Legendary Triumphs, Heartbreaks, and Wild Finishes in 12 Sports
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window", and he returned to California. As a result of this trip, he named his plane
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operated from the airfield where Corrigan learned to fly, and hired him for their
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199:; his mother was a teacher. As an adult, he changed his name to Douglas. Born in
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Photographs of Wrong Way Corrigan's plane at Baldonnel Aerodrome, Dublin Ireland
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Important Autographs with Fine Antiques & Decorative Arts Auction Catalogue
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that ran counter-clockwise. The following year (1939), he portrayed himself in
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Corrigan retired from aviation in 1950 and bought an 18-acre (7.3 ha)
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211:. Quitting high school before graduation, he went to work in construction.
744:"The True Story Of 'Wrong-Way' Corrigan's Atlantic Adventure | HistoryNet"
336:. However, federal officials notified Californian airfield officials that
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957:"Special Presentation - the Incredible True Story of Wrong Way Corrigan"
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532:. He then worked as a commercial pilot for a small California airline.
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1051:, (Falls Church, VA: Quinn's Auction Galleries, February 16, 2004).
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694:. Spokane, Washington. Los Angeles Times. July 17, 1963. p. 2.
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382:, on July 18, after flying 28:13 hrs. His provisions had been two
980:"College Football: Revisiting Wrong Way Riegels - New York Times"
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401:, who met Corrigan in Ireland after his arrival, wrote in 1941:
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towns. The most lucrative part of the business turned out to be
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517:. In 1946, he gained less than 2% of the vote running for the
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Clyde Groce Corrigan was named for his father, a construction
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1144:'Corrigan's Way: Right or Wrong, He Made His Mark on History'
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849:
Is Tomorrow Hitler's? 200 Questions On the Battle of Mankind
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676:. Washington. Associated Press. July 18, 1938. p. 1.
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Howard Hughes' preparations for departure on a world tour
1095:'The Story of Wrong Way Corrigan and his Curtiss Robin'
1006:
Richard J. Noyes; Pamela L. Robertson (30 April 2009).
130:; January 22, 1907 – December 9, 1995) was an American
1155:'Where Are They Now? Flying Irishman Douglas Corrigan'
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was not airworthy and it was grounded for six months.
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in 1938. After a transcontinental flight in July from
717:. Countryworldnews.com. 17 April 2012. Archived from
670:"California-bound American aviator lands in Ireland"
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688:"Corrigan made Wrong Way flight 25 years ago today"
894:Quinn's Auction Galleries Catalogue, February 2004
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513:and flew in the Ferry Command, a division of the
397:and his compass was 20 years old. The journalist
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408:Corrigan's plane arriving in New York via ship
312:Having installed an engine built from two old
446:United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt
259:During his short flights, Corrigan performed
852:. Reynal & Hitchcock. pp. 353–355.
469:Retailer sample of Corrigan's autobiography
427:plane returned to New York on the steamship
1110:, (New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1941).
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1153:Wallechinsky, David & Wallace, Irving
946:San Diego Air and Space Museum Arch Waller
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658:. United Press. July 18, 1938. p. 1.
1150:(March 2005). Retrieved August 24, 2005.
1101:(April 2003). Retrieved August 24, 2005.
905:"Prohibitionists Historical Vote Record"
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875:"Corrigan At Wrong Door Of White House"
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1077:'The Adventures of Wrong-Way Corrigan'
978:Richard Goldstein (25 December 2003).
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1090:, (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1941)
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1161:(1981). Retrieved November 22, 2005.
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715:"Texas Trails: "Wrong Way" Corrigan"
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1063:The Little, Brown Book of Anecdotes
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1137:US Centennial of Flight Commission
1083:(2001). Retrieved August 24, 2005.
1065:, (New York: Little, Brown, 1985)
967:– via Planes of Fame Museum.
161:Corrigan claimed his unauthorized
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521:in California as a member of the
1202:American people of Irish descent
1012:. Richard J. Noyes. p. 31.
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418:, was the most wretched-looking
351:Upon his unannounced arrival at
263:. His favorite maneuver was the
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884:. 12 September 1938. p. 8.
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829:"Corrigan Off On Mystery Hop".
652:"Flier hops sea in $ 900 crate"
37:beside his jerry-built aircraft
1133:'Douglas "Wrong Way" Corrigan'
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1058:(New York: E.P. Dutton, 1938)
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1227:American commercial aviators
1197:People from Galveston, Texas
1139:. Retrieved August 24, 2005.
1128:. Retrieved August 24, 2005.
846:Knickerbocker, H.R. (1941).
390:bars, and a quart of water.
173:. However, he was a skilled
16:American aviator (1907–1995)
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835:. July 18, 1938. p. 1.
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1212:California Prohibitionists
769:Perry, Tony (7 May 1997).
1222:Activists from California
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227:Ryan Aeronautical Company
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109:Elizabeth Marvin Corrigan
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1207:American autobiographers
1086:Fraser, Chelsea Curtis.
674:Spokane Daily Chronicle
300:Friday, August 5, 1938
84:Fairhaven Memorial Park
1088:Famous American Flyers
832:Allentown Morning Call
801:Thomas, Robert McG Jr.
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321:Bureau of Air Commerce
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140:Long Beach, California
1107:Is Tomorrow Hitler's?
1104:Knickerbocker, H. R.
803:(December 14, 1995).
552:Santa Catalina Island
544:Santa Ana, California
515:Air Transport Command
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177:(he helped construct
86:Santa Ana, California
73:Santa Ana, California
1217:Activists from Texas
1115:'Wrong Way Corrigan'
448:at the White House.
444:. Later he met with
163:transatlantic flight
146:, he then flew from
128:Clyde Groce Corrigan
47:Clyde Groce Corrigan
1054:Corrigan, Douglas.
909:prohibitionists.org
576:"Wrong Way" Riegels
530:William F. Knowland
496:The Flying Irishman
477:Corrigan wrote his
399:H. R. Knickerbocker
376:Baldonnel Aerodrome
353:Floyd Bennett Field
291:Transatlantic flier
240:Spirit of St. Louis
184:Spirit of St. Louis
148:Floyd Bennett Field
1159:Trivia-Library.com
1120:2007-08-08 at the
1061:Fadiman, Clifton.
985:The New York Times
881:Moncton Transcript
627:Jacqueline Cochran
566:In popular culture
525:, running against
493:' movie biography
491:RKO Radio Pictures
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438:ticker-tape parade
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355:, in the midst of
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305:, mirrored banner
282:Curtiss Robin OX-5
245:Spirit of St Louis
203:, Corrigan was of
1126:Santa Ana History
1075:Fasolino, Chris.
1071:978-0-316-27301-5
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1019:978-1-4392-0224-1
775:Los Angeles Times
617:Charles Lindbergh
548:ranch-style house
523:Prohibition Party
454:To Tell the Truth
235:Charles Lindbergh
222:Aircraft mechanic
179:Charles Lindbergh
175:aircraft mechanic
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35:Corrigan in 1938,
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1148:Airport Journals
1131:Onkst, David H.
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50:January 22, 1907
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519:U.S. Senate
209:Los Angeles
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