904:
682:. The main landing gear was tested in a similar way in February 2012. The nose gear landing test was the last milestone to be completed before the free flight approach and landing tests scheduled for later in 2012. In August 2012, SNC completed CCiCap Milestone 1, or the 'Program Implementation Plan Review'. This included creating a plan for implementing design, development, testing, and evaluation activities through the duration of CCiCap funding. By October 2012 the "Integrated System Baseline Review", or CCiCap Milestone 2, had been completed. This review demonstrated the maturity of the Dream Chaser Space System as well as the integration and support of the
2584:...The NASA lifting-body program has been well documented in about 100 technical reports on the program's 222 flights and 20,000 hours of wind-tunnel tests. Many of these publications are unclassified. The Soviet Union purchased copies of these reports from NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., then designed its own lifting body. In 1982, the Soviets flight-tested an unpiloted, 10-foot-long, subscale version of their lifting body, the BOR-4, including a maneuvering re-entry over the Indian Ocean from space orbit. The flight test of the BOR-4 closely resembled that of our PRIME (X-23) vehicle in 1966...
40:
493:
329:
991:
2544:...A mock-up of the proposed "space taxi," called the HL-20 Personnel Launch System, closely resembles a Soviet subscale spaceplane flown on four orbital missions in the 1980s...However, Piland, chief of the space systems division at the Langley Research Center, was quick to point out the Soviet test vehicle seems to have evolved from U. S. lifting-body configurations flown from 1966 to 1975—such as Northrop's HL-10, M2-F2 and M2-F3 and Martin's X-24A and X-24B...
1028:. An expendable cargo module will launch attached to the back of the spacecraft, expanding the cargo uplift capacity and supporting the disposal of up to 3,250 kg (7,170 lb) of trash. Total uplift is planned for 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) pressurized and 500 kg (1,100 lb) unpressurized, with a downlift of 1,750 kg (3,860 lb) contained within the spaceplane. The expendable cargo module is called "Shooting Star".
774:
1076:'s large aerodynamic cargo fairing – or, like the Atlas V, without it. In order to fit within the fairing, the Dream Chaser's wing length will have to be reduced slightly, which is thought to be easier than going through a full aerodynamic test program to evaluate and prove it along with the Ariane for flight without the fairing. The Ariane 5 launch vehicle was designed from its inception to be crew rated, in order to launch the
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higher price but also considered Boeing's proposal to be the strongest of all three proposals in terms of technical approach, management approach and past performance, and to offer the crew transportation system with most utility and highest value to the government." Furthermore, the agency found "several favorable features" in SNC's proposal "but ultimately concluded that SpaceX's lower price made it a better value."
411:(in different configurations) to the ISS. Access from ISS to Dream Chaser will involve crew passing through Shooting Star (which supports a shirt-sleeve environment) and through a hatch that separates Shooting Star from Dream Chaser. Sierra Nevada says the module is capable of additional types of missions in LEO or to cis-lunar destinations; they have developed a free-flying variant with additional capabilities.
886:
that the mission was scheduled for
February 2023. The mission has since then been delayed further, to June 2024. In May 2024, it was announced that Dream Chaser Tenacity completed initial flight testing and was headed next to Kennedy Space Center to prepare for launch. It arrived later that month for launch preparation. The Vulcan Centaur to be used for the launch arrived to KSC in late June 2024. However, the
2021:...Once that the HL-20 program was ceased it seems that such small spaceplane should be quickly forgotten except for a bunch of space enthusiast all over the world. The HL-20 story was no to end since in mid 2004 Jim Benson announced that the HL-20 development would be continued by his SpaceDev as Dream Chaser spacecraft. The SpaceDev was acquired by Sierra Nevada Corporation at the very end of 2008...
4707:
2526:...The lifting-body program came to an official end in 1975. Yet like a Phoenix rising from the ashes, the concept has appeared several times since then in proposed NASA spacecraft. When the Langley Research Center revealed its HL-20 design for an emergency crew return vehicle or small mini-Shuttle in 1990, the shape was remarkably similar to the HL-10 and X-24A designs...
825:, the agency's top human exploration official and the one who made the final decision"—"opted to rank Boeing's proposal higher than a previous panel of agency procurement experts." More specifically, Sierra Nevada asserted in their filings with the GAO that Gerstenmaier may have "overstepped his authority by unilaterally changing the scoring criteria."
4701:
In August 2017, ISS Program officials said Sierra was considering building a second Dream Chaser to be completed by 2021, but no decision had been made as of
October 2017. In the event of a failure, Sierra officials told us in June 2017 that a second spacecraft could be built from spare parts without
828:
On
January 5, 2015, the GAO denied Sierra Nevada's CCtCap challenge, stating that NASA made the proper decision when it decided to award Boeing $ 4.2 billion and SpaceX $ 2.6 billion to develop their vehicles. Ralph White, the GAO's managing associate counsel, announced that NASA "recognized Boeing's
817:
Despite not being selected to continue forward under NASA's
Commercial Crew transportation Capability (CCtCap) phase of the effort to send crews to orbit via private companies, SNC completed the milestones assigned under earlier phases of the CCP. On December 2, 2014, SNC announced that it completed
410:
In addition to carrying cargo, the
Shooting Star module includes solar panels that supply up to 6 kW of electrical power. It also supplies active and passive thermal management; provides Dream Chaser translation and rotation capability via six mounted thrusters; and supports berthing or docking
381:
After the acquisition of
Orbitec LLC in July 2014, Sierra Nevada Corporation announced a major change to the propulsion system. The hybrid rocket engine design was dropped in favor of a cluster of Orbitec's Vortex engines. The new unit would be a pressure-fed three-mode engine. At low- and mid-power
785:
In early 2014, Sierra Nevada completed its wind tunnel testing as part of its CCiCAP Milestone 8. The wind tunnel testing involved analyzing the flight dynamics characteristics that the vehicle will experience during orbital ascent and re-entry. Wind tunnel testing was also completed for the Dream
620:
By
February 2012, Sierra Nevada Corporation stated that it had completed the assembly and delivery of the primary structure of the first Dream Chaser flight test vehicle. With this, SNC completed all 11 of its CCDev milestones that were scheduled up to that point. SNC stated in a press release that
604:
Sierra Nevada proposed Dream Chaser for the CCDev phase 2 solicitation by NASA in
October 2010, with an estimated project cost of less than $ 1 billion. On 18 April 2011, NASA awarded $ 80 million to Sierra Nevada Corporation for Dream Chaser. Since then, nearly a dozen further milestones have
1121:
AG (OHB) in
Germany announced the completion of the initial Dream Chaser for European Utilization (DC4EU) study. The study found that Dream Chaser is suitable for a broad range of space applications and could be used to advance European interests in space. The cooperation was renewed in April 2015
1035:
launch vehicle, with the first Dream Chaser flight being the second Vulcan flight in late 2021. However, on
February 9, 2022, Ken Shields, Sierra Space's Director of Commercial Market Development, announced that the first flight would be pushed to January 2023. The launch has been further delayed,
885:
In April 2021 SNC spun off its Dream Chaser division, creating the fully independent company, the "Sierra Space Corporation," which assumed responsibility for the further development of the Dream Chaser space vehicle system. In May 2022, it was announced by the deputy manager of ISS, Dana Weigel,
843:
In December 2014, Sierra Nevada proposed Dream Chaser for CRS-2 consideration. In January 2016, NASA announced that Dream Chaser had been awarded one of the CRS-2 contracts and committed to purchasing a minimum of six resupply missions to the ISS. The cargo spacecraft will fly alongside spacecraft
759:
On October 26, 2013, the first free-flight occurred. The test vehicle was released from the helicopter and flew the correct flightpath to touchdown less than a minute later. Just prior to landing, the left main landing gear failed to deploy resulting in a crash landing. The vehicle skidded off the
406:
cargo module would be part of the Dream Chaser cargo system for CRS-2 flights. The module is a 15-foot-long (4.6 m) attachment to Dream Chaser that will allow the spacecraft to carry an additional 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) of pressurized and unpressurized cargo to ISS. The module supports
957:
As of 2020, the Sierra Nevada Corporation said it still planned to produce a crewed version of the spacecraft within the next 5 years. The company said it "never stopped working" on the crewed version and fully intended to launch it after the cargo version, and is still committed to the crewed
1068:(ESA) agreed to be a partner on the DC4EU project, and will also investigate whether the Dream Chaser can use ESA avionics and docking mechanisms. ESA will also study launching options for the "Europeanized" Dream Chaser, particularly whether it can be launched from the
1108:
On November 5, 2014, SNC's Space Systems team publicly presented the challenges and opportunities related to landing the Dream Chaser spacecraft at public-use airports. Dream Chaser uses standard landing aids and non-toxic propellants that require no special handling.
1351:
Appeared in a Sierra Space social media post along with Tenacity. The Aviation Week article that was linked indicated that "For the next-generation crewed DC-200 series, Sierra Space is studying a twin-tail, fixed-wing design". No other details were provided.
855:
In October 2015, the thermal protection system was installed on the Engineering Test Article (ETA) for the next phase of atmospheric flight testing. The orbital cabin assembly of the Flight Test Article (FTA) was also completed by contractor Lockheed Martin.
786:
Chaser Atlas V integrated launch system. These tests were completed at NASA Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, California, CALSPAN Transonic Wind Tunnel in New York, and at NASA Langley Research Center Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel in Hampton, Virginia.
382:
regimes it uses monopropellant fuel – hydrogen peroxide – and in high-power demand, the engine adds injection of RP-1 fuel. This increased thrust will be useful to shorten the de-orbit burn duration of the Dream Chaser.
394:(TPS) is made up of silica-based tiles (for most of the belly and upper portion of the heat shield), and a new composite material called Toughened Unipiece Fibrous Reusable Oxidation Resistant Ceramic (TUFROC) to cover the nose and leading edges.
3608:
1044:
On November 19, 2021, Sierra Space announced that it is considering a third Dream Chaser version specialized for National Security missions, though it declined to comment on what the differences compared with other versions would be.
1061:(Dream Chaser for European Utilization), the project will study using it for sending crews and cargo to the ISS and on missions not involving the ISS, particularly in orbits of substantially greater altitude than the ISS can reach.
961:
In November 2021, Sierra Space Corporation reported that it received a $ 1.4 billion investment in Series A funding, which it would use to develop a crewed version of Dream Chaser and fly astronauts by 2025. On October 25, 2021,
1020:, in contrast to the Crewed Dream Chaser, which is intended to launch without a fairing. The ability to fit into a payload fairing allows the cargo version to launch on any sufficiently capable vehicle, such as the (retired)
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2382:
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2444:
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3398:
974:, is intended as a "mixed-use business park". Sierra Space Corporation's Dream Chaser was chosen as one of the commercial spacecraft to transport commercial crew to and from the space station, along with
877:
In March 2019, completion of NASA's Integrated Review Milestone 5 (IR5) confirmed that development was still on schedule. In August 2019, SNC announced the first ISS flight of the Dream Chaser, known as
1105:
In September 2014, SNC announced that it would, with global partners, use the Dream Chaser as the baseline spacecraft for orbital access for a variety of programs, specializing the craft as needed.
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2092:
3872:"Weigel: The second Vulcan flight, carrying the first @SierraSpaceCo cargo Dream Chaser to the ISS, is currently scheduled for February 2023. "We'll be ready when they're ready.""
3154:
2852:
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is designed to be launched on the top of a typical rocket and land like an airplane on a runway. The design has heritage going back decades. Currently, the Dream Chaser will
2498:...The HL-20's baseline design has evolved from manned lifting bodies flown for the Defense Dept, during the 1960s and owes much of its overall layout to the Martin X-24A...
2658:
5424:
2965:"Sierra Nevada Corporation's Space Systems Delivers the Dream Chaser® First Flight Test Vehicle Structure, Completing a Major Milestone for NASA's Commercial Crew Program"
3739:
4579:"UNOOSA and Sierra Nevada Corporation announce Call for Interest to provide landing site for Dream Chaser spacecraft mission carrying experiments from UN Member States"
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to pursue the possibility of using the Atlas V booster rocket as the Dream Chaser's launch vehicle. In June 2007, SpaceDev signed a Space Act agreement with NASA.
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814:
On September 29, 2014, Sierra Nevada introduced the "Dream Chaser Global Project" which would provide customized access to low Earth orbit to global customers.
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The cargo version of the SSC Dream Chaser is called the Dream Chaser Cargo System (DCCS) and after development is completed, will fly resupply flights to the
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2759:
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version designed to carry from three to seven people and cargo to orbital destinations such as the International Space Station. It was to have a built-in
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3924:
2719:
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2402:
2070:
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On September 16, 2014, NASA did not select the Dream Chaser for CCtCap, the next phase of the Commercial Crew Program. This occurred despite previous
538:
The name "Dream Chaser" had been previously used for two separate space vehicle concepts. The first was planned to be an orbital vehicle based on the
3529:
789:
On August 1, 2014, the first completed piece of the orbital Flight Test Article (FTA) composite airframe was unveiled at a Lockheed Martin facility.
3048:
1057:(DLR) announced a funded study to investigate ways in which Europe might take advantage of the Dream Chaser crewed spaceplane technology. Named the
2557:
2511:
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3010:
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2121:
890:
reports, June 26, "Dream Chaser dropped from next Vulcan launch as ULA targets national security certification". Launch will likely slip to 2025.
3791:
2791:
710:. This second airframe is slated to be the first orbital test vehicle, with orbital flight testing planned to begin within the next two years.
2628:
2272:
4212:
2598:"50 years to orbit: Dream Chaser's crazy Cold War backstory: The reusable mini-spaceplane is back from the dead—again—and prepping for space"
2122:"50 years to orbit: Dream Chaser's crazy Cold War backstory: The reusable mini-spaceplane is back from the dead—again—and prepping for space"
1131:
3971:
3582:
3273:
3219:
3071:
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On August 3, 2012, NASA announced the award of $ 212.5 million to Sierra Nevada Corporation to continue work on the Dream Chaser under the
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5451:
4342:"Interview with Sierra Space: Dream Chaser launch set for January 2023, Orbital Reef space station, manufacturing in space, & more"
4315:
4109:
3657:
2197:
1865:
1401:
List includes only completed or manifested missions. NET means 'no earlier than'. Launch and landing dates and times are listed in UTC.
1013:, the spacecraft will be capable of returning 1,750 kg (3,860 lb) to Earth while undergoing maximum re-entry forces of 1.5G.
418:(DIU) to use its Shooting Star expendable cargo vehicle as a possible commercial solution for a high-powered uncrewed orbital outpost.
4394:
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4059:
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4238:
724:, California in March 2013. The spaceplane release would occur at 12,000 feet (3,700 m) altitude and would be followed by an
4263:
1083:
In late January 2014, it was announced that the Dream Chaser orbital test vehicle was under contract to be launched on an initial
805:
763:
In January 2014, SNC announced it had signed a launch contract to fly the first orbital test vehicle on a robotically controlled
760:
runway in a cloud of dust, but was found upright with the crew compartment intact and all systems inside still in working order.
4578:
5431:
1817:
1134:(UNOOSA) selected the cargo Dream Chaser for its first space launch. This launch is intended to last for at least two weeks in
4749:"Sierra Space's Dream Chaser, Tenacity, is on track to become the first operational commercial spaceplane with a lifting body"
4031:"Flight Plans and Crews for Commercial Dream Chaser's First Flights: One-on-One Interview With SNC VP Mark Sirangelo (Part 3)"
2874:
6089:
4835:
4496:"Challenges and Opportunities Related to Landing the Dream Chaser® Commercial Reusable Space Vehicle at a Public-Use Airport"
3551:
2297:
695:
3125:
3104:
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922:
and could fly autonomously if needed. Although it could use any suitable launch vehicle, it was planned to be launched on a
874:
On November 11, 2017, the Dream Chaser ETA was released from an altitude of 3,700 m and successfully landed at Edwards AFB.
811:(GAO). On October 22, 2014, a Federal Judge ruled the contract awards to Boeing and SpaceX valid, allowing NASA to proceed.
3478:
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helicopter in a captive carry test to better determine its aerodynamic properties. In May 2013, the ETA was shipped to the
3357:
2964:
2659:"SpaceDev and United Launch Alliance to Explore Launching the Dream Chaser(TM) Space Vehicle on an Atlas V Launch Vehicle"
6114:
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3433:
3428:
2152:
1139:
849:
4907:
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2323:
4161:"With a huge infusion of cash, Sierra Space hopes to get its Dream Chaser spaceplane and space station off the ground"
3764:
744:
was leaving the agency in order to join SNC. Archambault, a former combat pilot and 15-year NASA veteran who flew on
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On August 14, 2019, it was announced that all six Dream Chaser CRS-2 flights would be carried into orbit by ULA's
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commercial agreement, and was funded directly by Sierra Nevada and was not a part of any existing NASA contract.
449:
3713:
2900:
426:
In 2010, the following organizations were named as technology partners for the original passenger Dream Chaser:
332:
Dream Chaser engineering test article, being driven along the runway by a pickup truck after an atmospheric test
5847:
2766:
24:
4134:
3126:"Sierra Nevada Corporation Announces Successful Completion of Dream Chaser Cew Vehicle Nose Gear Landing Test"
2688:
2093:"NASA Selects Sierra Nevada Corporation's Dream Chaser Spacecraft for Commercial Resupply Services 2 Contract"
584:
program for the development of the Dream Chaser. SNC completed the four planned milestones on time, including
267:
cargo variant is operational. The crewed variant is planned to carry up to seven people and cargo to and from
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1006:
629:
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capable of repeated starts and throttling. At the time, the SSC's predecessor, the SNC was also developing a
216:
882:, was planned for 2021. However, on November 17, 2020, SNC announced it would be delayed until early 2022.
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In 2019, the launch date for the proposed mission, expected to carry up to 35 payloads, was set for 2024.
6040:
5252:
4470:"Sierra Nevada Corporation to Present Progress on Evaluating Dream Chaser Landing at Public Use Airports"
3040:
2875:"Sierra Nevada Space Systems Adds Key Former Nasa Leaders to Its Dream Chaser Orbital Space Vehicle Team"
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been completed under that Space Act Agreement. Some of these milestones included testing of an improved
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To meet CRS-2 guidelines, the cargo Dream Chaser will have folding wings and fit within a 5 m diameter
903:
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481:
462:
3193:
702:. Under the agreement, SNC will pay Lockheed Martin $ 10 million to build the second airframe at its
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thrusters burned ethanol-based fuel, which is not an explosively volatile material, nor toxic like
818:
NASA's CCiCap Milestone 5a related to propulsion risk reduction for the Dream Chaser space system.
4793:
4456:"Sierra Nevada Corporation to Introduce Dream Chaser® Global Project Spaceflight Program Sept. 30"
3845:
2745:
6094:
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First orbital flight demonstration flight of Dream Chaser to ISS for NASA. Duration of ~82 days.
1054:
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640:
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test fires and the preliminary structure design. Further initial Dream Chaser tests included the
434:
415:
1987:"Sierra Space Dream Chaser® Spaceplane Successfully Completes First Phase of Pre-Flight Testing"
5917:
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5374:
4809:
Video animation – SpaceDev International Lunar Observatory Human Servicing Mission concept
4319:
3504:"Sierra Nevada Corporation Introduces Dream Chaser Global Project Spaceflight Program Sept. 30"
2943:"Sierra nevada corporation begins flight test program of the dream chaser orbital crew vehicle"
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2016:
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3399:"NASA Chooses American Companies to Transport U.S. Astronauts to International Space Station"
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On May 29, 2012, the Dream Chaser Engineering Test Article (ETA) was lifted by an Erickson
543:
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the ISS with cargo. Per the company's website, a crew version is planned for a later date.
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8:
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3526:"Sierra Nevada completes Dream Chaser's milestone 15a for prior phase of Commercial Crew"
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286:(SSC), spun off from the Sierra Nevada Corporation as its own fully independent company.
2921:"Sierra nevada corporation's dream chaser space system passes preliminary design review"
907:
Artist's conception of the Dream Chaser Space System in the launch configuration of the
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4316:"SNC Selects ULA for Dream Chaser® Spacecraft Launches: NASA Missions to Begin in 2021"
3305:"Private Dream Chaser Space Plane Skids Off Runway After Milestone Test Flight (Video)"
1938:
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partner in the design and development of Dream Chaser. The NASA/SNC team had worked on
468:
444:
366:
On-orbit propulsion of the Dream Chaser was originally proposed to be provided by twin
1080:, an ESA crewed vehicle which was proposed in the 1980s and 1990s, but was cancelled.
496:
Prototype of the X-20 Dyna Soar - a spacecraft the Dream Chaser spaceplane is based on
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5,000 kg (11,000 lb) pressurized, 500 kg (1,100 lb) unpressurized
5973:
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5138:
4858:
4239:"Blue Origin reveals plans for future commercial space station called Orbital Reef"
3898:
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1923:
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666:
On July 11, 2012, SNC announced that it successfully completed testing of the nose
610:
341:
4045:"Moving Forward: Commercial Crew Development Building the Next Era in Spaceflight"
3950:"NASA, Sierra Space Deliver Dream Chaser to Florida for Launch Preparation - NASA"
617:, a full-scale captive carry flight test, and a Systems Requirement Review (SRR).
511:
concept, which in turn is descended from a series of test vehicles, including the
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5113:
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2247:"Sierra Nevada Unveils 'Shooting Star' Cargo Module for Dream Chaser Space Plane"
1890:
1885:
1393:, and one more flight has been ordered to fly for the United Nations on board an
1390:
1213:
Engineering Test Article (ETA) used for captive carry and atmospheric drop tests
1032:
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713:
In January 2013, Sierra Nevada announced that the second captive carry and first
699:
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144:
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950:, allowing the Dream Chaser to be handled immediately after landing, unlike the
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5118:
3575:"Sierra Nevada Alleges Boeing Benefitted From Commercial Crew Criteria Changes"
2494:"Langley Refines Design, Begins Human Factors Tests of Personnel Launch System"
2224:"Toughened Uni-piece Fibrous Reinforced Oxidation-Resistant Composite (TUFROC)"
1558:
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714:
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4302:"Sierra Nevada Hopes Dream Chaser Finds "Sweet Spot" of ISS Cargo Competition"
4264:"Sierra Nevada Hopes Dream Chaser Finds "Sweet Spot" of ISS Cargo Competition"
4015:
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2223:
756:, will work on the Dream Chaser program as a systems engineer and test pilot.
549:
The Dream Chaser was publicly announced on September 20, 2004. In April 2007,
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4561:"Dream Chaser: The Spacecraft That Will Transform Humanity's Access to Space"
4213:"Blue Origin says it will build an orbiting mixed-use business park in space"
3640:"Grounded: Left behind in the contracting race to restore Americans to space"
1143:
1117:
On February 3, 2015, the Sierra Nevada Corporation's (SNC) Space Systems and
990:
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821:
By late December, details had emerged that "a high-ranking agency official"—"
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To carry 35 payloads for the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs.
698:(CCiCap) Program. On January 30, 2013, SNC announced a new partnership with
6025:
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5720:
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5212:
3925:"Dream Chaser spaceplane completes tests at NASA's Neil Armstrong facility"
2661:(Press release). Poway, California: SpaceDev. Market Wire. April 10, 2007.
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A demonstration and six missions are currently planned to be launched from
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20:
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3765:"Dream Chaser through critical landing test, prepares for orbital flights"
2512:"Flights of Discovery: 50 Years at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center"
970:, released their plan for a commercial space station. The station, called
5637:
5297:
5181:
4994:
4952:
4932:
4395:"German Space Agency Funds Study on Uses of Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser"
3072:"Dream Chaser space plane dangles from helicopter for second flight test"
2273:"Sierra Nevada Corporation Shows Off "Shooting Star" Cargo Module at KSC"
2069:(Press release). Dryden Flight Research Center: NASA. December 17, 2010.
1827:
1822:
1751:
1394:
1087:
963:
915:
767:
639:
On June 12, 2012, SNC announced the commemoration of its fifth year as a
633:
316:
The Dream Chaser concept and design is a descendant of the original NASA
310:
2540:"NASA Design for Manned Spacecraft. Draws on Soviet Subscale Spaceplane"
636:. A second captive carry flight test was completed on August 22, 2013.
5514:
5133:
4999:
4844:
4682:
Audit of Commercial Resupply Services to the International Space Center
4030:
3453:"So Sierra Nevada protested NASA space-taxi contract, but what's next?"
1810:
1539:
1282:
1118:
879:
508:
337:
248:
3011:"More about SNC preparations for drop tests of Dream Chaser prototype"
2983:"Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft tested at Broomfield airport"
5937:
5922:
5756:
5312:
5307:
5272:
3685:"Weather Sat, CRS-2 Top U.S. Civil Space Procurement Agenda for 2015"
1905:
1832:
773:
738:
717:
589:
440:
3699:"Dream Chaser preps for 2nd free-flight test and first orbital test"
560:
On October 21, 2008, SpaceDev with Dream Chaser was acquired by the
293:
with both pressurized and unpressurized cargo. It is intended to be
5832:
4110:"DREAM CHASER ON TRACK FOR 2021 CARGO MISSION, CREW WITHIN 5 YEARS"
3658:"NASA Awards International Space Station Cargo Transport Contracts"
3609:"GAO denies Sierra Nevada's legal challenge to NASA space contract"
3342:
2877:(Press release). Louisville, Colorado. July 5, 2011. Archived from
1073:
1021:
550:
378:. In May 2014, SNC involvement in the SpaceShipTwo program ended.
275:
3216:"NASA Astronaut Lee Archambault Joins Sierra Nevada as Test Pilot"
2403:"Lockheed to build second Dream Chaser airframe for Sierra Nevada"
2017:"From HL-20 to Dream Chaser The Long story of a little spaceplane"
5477:
5158:
5148:
4756:
4733:
4710:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
4640:
4287:"Lockheed Martin Pitches Reusable Tug for Space Station Resupply"
3879:
2742:"SNC receives largest award of NASA's CCDev Competitive Contract"
1091:
1025:
935:
908:
778:
728:
703:
683:
430:
5902:
4770:
https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2024/02/dream-chaser-nasa-glenn/
4576:
2345:
274:
The Dream Chaser was originally started in 2004 as a project of
5994:
5409:
5128:
5082:
5077:
5069:
5042:
4783:
3740:"Dream Chaser Space Plane Aces Glide Test - The New York Times"
3397:
Schierholz, Stephanie; Martin, Stephanie (September 16, 2014).
1852:
975:
939:
845:
282:(SNC) in 2008. In April 2021 the project was taken over by the
4813:
3243:"Dream Chaser suffers landing gear failure after first flight"
2629:"NASA, SPACEDEV TO COLLABORATE ON FUTURE SPACE TRANSPORTATION"
2437:"Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser will get Lockheed Martin's help"
2354:"SNC Shooting Star Wins Contract for Unmanned Orbital Outpost"
2298:"SNC'S "SHOOTING STAR" ARRIVES AT NASA'S KENNEDY SPACE CENTER"
305:
on conventional runways. A proposed version to be operated by
6035:
6030:
5932:
5108:
5103:
4927:
4187:"Blue Origin, Sierra Space, and Boeing announce Orbital Reef"
3986:"NASA Deputy Administrator Lori Garver touts Colorado's role"
3479:"NASA Wins; Boeing and Space X Shuttle Contracts Ruled Valid"
1146:
will pay for the mission and provide all support facilities.
1058:
4798:
3358:"Dream Chaser passes Wind Tunnel tests for CCiCap Milestone"
5073:
3265:
1246:
Flight Test Article (FTA) to be used for atmospheric tests
801:
awards in every phase since 2009, due to lack of maturity.
777:
Dream Chaser model being tested at NASA Langley, aboard an
632:
in California for a series of ground tests and aerodynamic
501:
302:
294:
75:
3384:"First Piece of Private Dream Chaser Space Plane Unveiled"
414:
In July 2020, Sierra Nevada announced a contract with the
3429:
Why NASA Rejected Sierra Nevada's Commercial Crew Vehicle
3234:
3105:"SNC and NASA Langley announce Five Years of Partnership"
1002:
994:
Artist's conception of the crewed Dream Chaser docked to
606:
271:. Sierra plans to manufacture a fleet of the spaceplane.
4516:
Completion of the initial DC4EU study (March 2, 2015). "
4417:
3817:"Dream Chaser® Spacecraft Passes Another NASA Milestone"
3274:"Sierra Nevada investigates Dream Chaser landing mishap"
1112:
407:
disposal of unwanted cargo by burning up upon re-entry.
4577:
Pesce, Ottavia; Schwandt, Kimberly (October 22, 2019).
3705:
3528:. Spaceflight Insider. December 3, 2014. Archived from
2901:"NASA awards $ 270 million for commercial crew efforts"
2703:
2685:"NASA Signs Commercial Space Transportation Agreements"
2290:
2039:"SNC Selects ULA for Dream Chaser® Spacecraft Launches"
1009:
program. Featuring an expendable cargo module mounting
4135:"Sierra Nevada Corporation to spin off space division"
3063:
2467:"Dream Chaser: Sierra Nevada's Design for Spaceflight"
914:
The originally planned Dream Chaser Space System is a
804:
On September 26, Sierra Nevada filed a protest to the
4472:. WFXS FOX55 WAUSAU. November 5, 2014. Archived from
4426:"Europe eyes cooperation on Dream Chaser space plane"
3691:
542:, with the second suborbital vehicle proposed by the
4552:
4293:
4278:
3714:"Dream Chaser still fighting for her place in space"
3296:
3180:"Boeing, SpaceX and Sierra Nevada Win CCiCAP Awards"
3155:"Sierra Nevada Completes Dream Chaser Safety Review"
3149:
3147:
2542:. Aviation Week & Space Technology. p. 28.
2496:. Aviation Week & Space Technology. p. 52.
2316:
2238:
2198:"Tile Shop Prepping Heat Shields for Future Flights"
1792:
1036:
and as of May 2024 is scheduled for September 2024.
859:
In 2015, the ETA had reportedly been given the name
576:
was awarded $ 20 million in seed money under NASA's
4691:(Report). Vol. IG-18-016. NASA. pp. 27–28
3637:
2396:
2394:
2392:
1962:"Sierra Nevada explores other uses of Dream Chaser"
1318:Sierra Space vague in response to NASA OIG report.
289:The cargo Dream Chaser is designed to resupply the
16:
US reusable automated cargo lifting-body spaceplane
3792:"Dream Chaser spacecraft passes testing milestone"
3338:"Dream Chaser mini-shuttle given 2016 launch date"
3099:
3097:
3009:
2430:
2428:
2115:
2113:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2010:
2008:
4535:"DLR Renews Cooperation with SNC on Dream Chaser"
4528:
4526:
3144:
3041:"Dream Chaser ETA heads to Dryden for drop tests"
2380:
6066:
5584:
4599:
4558:
4088:"The Space Show : Mark Sirangelo interview"
3396:
3185:
2389:
2168:"SNC Abandons Own Hybrid Motors on Dream Chaser"
2153:"Virgin Galactic Hails RocketMotorTwo Milestone"
4726:"And then there were two...#DreamsWorthChasing"
4673:
3863:
3194:"NASA Astronaut Lee Archambault Leaving Agency"
3094:
2985:. dailycamera.com. May 29, 2012. Archived from
2425:
2264:
2159:
2110:
2026:
2005:
670:for Dream Chaser. This milestone evaluated the
4523:
4448:
4334:
3869:
3332:
3330:
3208:
3034:
3032:
2190:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1142:that have no space programs of their own. The
1048:
734:On March 13, 2013, NASA announced that former
5848:
5570:
5425:
4829:
4746:
4723:
4630:
4518:http://www.sncorp.com/AboutUs/NewsDetails/749
3737:
2845:"Businesses Take Flight, With Help From NASA"
2531:
2485:
2376:
2374:
1132:United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs
402:In 2019, it was announced that an expendable
3893:
3891:
3889:
3554:. NASA Blog blogs.nasa.gov. December 2, 2014
2818:"Dream Chaser Model Drops in at NASA Dryden"
2150:
2067:"Dream Chaser Model Drops in at NASA Dryden"
1955:
1953:
1039:
385:
4655:"Sierra Space completes first Dream Chaser"
3350:
3327:
3120:
3118:
3029:
3001:
2810:
2491:
1768:
278:, a company that was later acquired by the
6054:Comparison of space station cargo vehicles
5855:
5841:
5577:
5563:
5432:
5418:
4836:
4822:
4804:CG rendering of Dream Chaser servicing ISS
4572:
4570:
4532:
4498:. ERAU Scholarly Commons. November 5, 2014
4386:
4299:
4284:
4016:"NewSpace 2011: Sierra Nevada Corporation"
3846:"First Dream Chaser mission slips to 2022"
3566:
3552:"SNC Tests Dream Chaser Propulsion System"
3444:
3437:, October 11, 2014. Accessed: 2014-10-13.
2893:
2589:
2371:
1866:Comparison of space station cargo vehicles
38:
4679:
4184:
4028:
4013:
3886:
3682:
3650:
3638:Christian Davenport (February 13, 2015).
3173:
2975:
2957:
2935:
2867:
2784:
2752:
2734:
2677:
2400:
2015:De Chiara, Giuseppe (November 19, 2012).
2014:
1950:
1781:A helicopter used for lifting the vehicle
942:that handles commercial air traffic. Its
844:from the existing CRS-1 contract holders
553:announced that it had partnered with the
4210:
4082:
4080:
4037:
3115:
2836:
2820:. NASA. January 31, 2017. Archived from
2651:
2595:
2537:
2244:
2216:
2119:
989:
938:on re-entry) and landing on any airport
926:N12 rocket. The vehicle will be able to
902:
772:
500:The Dream Chaser design is derived from
491:
327:
44:Dream Chaser flight test vehicle in 2013
4567:
4533:de Selding, Peter B. (April 17, 2015).
4392:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3922:
3789:
3602:
3600:
3572:
3271:
3007:
2744:. SNC. February 1, 2010. Archived from
2555:
2549:
2509:
2383:"Sierra Nevada Building On NASA Design"
2381:Frank Morring, Jr (February 19, 2010).
2165:
686:, mission systems, and ground systems.
663:on the Dream Chaser and Atlas V stack.
397:
6067:
4405:from the original on December 16, 2013
4185:Davenport, Justin (October 27, 2021).
4052:Rendezvous: Where Today Meets Tomorrow
3711:
3476:
3450:
3253:from the original on February 28, 2014
3240:
3191:
3051:from the original on December 16, 2013
3038:
2710:Fikes, Bradley J. (October 21, 2008).
2559:Wingless Flight The Lifting Body Story
2538:R. Asker, James (September 24, 1990).
2447:from the original on February 17, 2013
1818:RLV Technology Demonstration Programme
985:
934:(typically experiencing less than 1.5
421:
23:(SSC) spaceplane. For other uses, see
5836:
5558:
5413:
4817:
4423:
4236:
4077:
3843:
3606:
3315:from the original on January 30, 2014
3302:
3272:Harwood, William (October 29, 2013).
2842:
2709:
2687:. NASA. June 18, 2007. Archived from
2626:
2492:H. Phillips, Edward (July 15, 1991).
2324:"SNC Shooting Star Transport Vehicle"
2132:from the original on November 4, 2013
2059:
1959:
1113:Dream Chaser for European Utilization
863:, while the FTA was originally named
696:Commercial Crew Integrated Capability
674:to the landing gear during simulated
651:analysis of Dream Chaser, as well as
5862:
4908:Bristol Ascender, Spacebus, Spacecab
4559:Seemangal, Robin (October 3, 2016).
4436:from the original on January 9, 2014
4256:
4000:
3597:
3477:Browne, Clayton (October 22, 2014).
3434:Aviation Week & Space Technology
3284:from the original on January 6, 2014
3082:from the original on January 8, 2014
3069:
2722:from the original on January 7, 2014
2665:from the original on January 7, 2014
2608:from the original on January 4, 2014
2596:Klingler, Dave (September 6, 2012).
2434:
2413:from the original on January 7, 2014
2401:Rosenberg, Zach (January 30, 2013).
2120:Klingler, Dave (September 6, 2012).
2073:from the original on January 6, 2014
1725:6th contracted CRS mission for NASA
1700:5th contracted CRS mission for NASA
1675:4th contracted CRS mission for NASA
1647:3rd contracted CRS mission for NASA
1619:2nd contracted CRS mission for NASA
1591:1st contracted CRS mission for NASA
1024:as well as the (soon to be retired)
720:of Dream Chaser would take place at
592:of a 15% scaled version at the NASA
354:to perform resupply missions to the
4393:Messier, Doug (December 16, 2013).
4368:"Sierra Space raises $ 1.4 billion"
4211:Chappell, Bill (October 25, 2021).
4090:. David Livingston. January 4, 2012
4029:Sirangelo, Mark (August 24, 2014).
3978:
3738:Kenneth Chang (November 11, 2017).
3573:Messier, Doug (December 23, 2014).
3303:David, Leonard (October 29, 2013).
2913:
2855:from the original on August 9, 2014
2843:Chang, Kenneth (February 1, 2011).
2351:
2245:Thompson, Amy (November 21, 2019).
2019:. NASASpaceflight.com. p. 26.
1152:
850:Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems
546:for the purposes of space tourism.
109:Robotic cargo vehicle version, also
13:
6100:Sierra Nevada Corporation aircraft
4747:@SierraSpaceCo (January 6, 2023).
4724:@SierraSpaceCo (August 30, 2022).
4424:Clark, Stephen (January 8, 2014).
3923:Gamillo, Elizabeth (May 9, 2024).
3241:Bergin, Chris (October 26, 2013).
2517:. NASA. p. 72. Archived from
832:
14:
6126:
4777:
4237:Grush, Loren (October 25, 2021).
4065:from the original on May 10, 2013
3844:Foust, Jeff (November 18, 2020).
3712:Bergin, Chris (October 6, 2015).
3451:Keeney, Laura (October 3, 2014).
2604:. Boston: Conde Nast. p. 2.
2270:
2166:Messier, Doug (August 19, 2014).
2128:. Boston: Conde Nast. p. 3.
1209:
1125:
898:
653:guidance, navigation, and control
454:guidance, navigation, and control
111:Crewed orbital spaceplane version
5901:
5462:Uncrewed spaceflights to the ISS
5439:
4763:
4740:
4717:
4705:
4689:NASA Office of Inspector General
4647:
4624:
4510:
4488:
3899:"Vulcan Centaur VC4 - CRS SNC-1"
3870:Michael Sheetz (May 17, 2022).
3218:. March 13, 2013. Archived from
3182:. spacenews.com, August 3, 2012.
2792:"Commercial Crew: Sierra Nevada"
2712:"SpaceDev agrees to be acquired"
2435:Dean, James (January 30, 2013).
2047:(Press release). August 14, 2019
1960:Foust, Jeff (January 14, 2020).
1795:
809:Government Accountability Office
678:as well as the impact of future
621:it was "on time and on budget."
599:
567:
263:is set to be produced after the
4843:
4799:United Launch Alliance web site
4631:@SierraSpaceCo (May 20, 2022).
4462:
4360:
4308:
4230:
4204:
4178:
4153:
4127:
4102:
4014:Sirangelo, Mark (August 2011).
3988:. Youtube.com. February 5, 2011
3964:
3942:
3916:
3837:
3825:(Press release). March 21, 2019
3809:
3796:Aerospace Testing International
3790:Sampson, Ben (March 27, 2019).
3783:
3757:
3731:
3701:. Space Daily. October 9, 2015.
3676:
3631:
3544:
3518:
3496:
3470:
3421:
3390:
3376:
3008:Lindsey, Clark (May 14, 2013).
2967:(Press release). Archived from
2620:
2503:
2459:
2097:Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC)
450:Charles Stark Draper Laboratory
4789:Sierra Space Dream Chaser page
3683:Dan Leone (January 24, 2015).
3192:Bolden, Jay (March 13, 2013).
3157:. May 10, 2013. Archived from
3070:Wall, Mike (August 26, 2013).
3039:Bergin, Chris (May 12, 2013).
2949:. May 30, 2012. Archived from
2927:. June 6, 2012. Archived from
2144:
2085:
1979:
1122:for an additional two years.
1098:in November 2016. This was a
1007:Commercial Resupply Services-2
659:, the NASA/SNC team performed
350:is currently contracted under
1:
4300:Jeff Foust (March 17, 2015).
4285:Jeff Foust (March 13, 2015).
3506:. SpaceRef. December 29, 2014
2760:"Text of Space Act Agreement"
2151:Doug Messier (May 24, 2014).
1944:
630:Dryden Flight Research Center
594:Dryden Flight Research Center
506:HL-20 Personnel Launch System
361:
323:
217:HL-20 Personnel Launch System
6090:Aircraft first flown in 2013
5048:Hypersonic Flight Experiment
4680:OIG Staff (April 26, 2018).
3386:. Space.com. August 6, 2014.
2910:. space.com, April 18, 2011.
2352:Ben, Evans (July 17, 2020).
1871:Commercial Resupply Services
1140:United Nations member states
839:Commercial Resupply Services
461:– airframe construction and
7:
5253:Martin Marietta Spacemaster
4266:. SpaceNews. March 18, 2015
2333:. Sierra Nevada Corporation
2304:. Sierra Nevada Corporation
1919:Commercial Crew Development
1788:
1380:
1138:to provide space access to
1049:Dream Chaser Global Project
996:International Space Station
893:
799:Commercial Crew Development
578:Commercial Crew Development
291:International Space Station
255:. Originally intended as a
86:International Space Station
10:
6131:
6115:Proposed crewed spacecraft
5699:Command and service module
4563:. The Observer (New York).
4458:. SNC. September 29, 2014.
2510:Wallace, Lance E. (1996).
1876:Automated Transfer Vehicle
1281:Spacecraft to be flown on
836:
676:approach and landing tests
487:
19:This article is about the
18:
6049:
6003:
5987:
5956:
5910:
5899:
5870:
5809:
5731:
5648:
5597:
5526:
5507:
5499:Sierra Nevada Corporation
5491:
5470:
5447:
5367:
5341:
5235:
5190:
5174:
5167:
5096:
5062:
5035:
5019:
5012:
4977:
4961:
4895:
4888:
4867:
4851:
4702:additional costs to NASA.
4584:Sierra Nevada Corporation
4058:(2): 10–15. Summer 2010.
3822:Sierra Nevada Corporation
2633:NASA Ames Research Center
2044:Sierra Nevada Corporation
1373: Spaceflight vehicle
1040:National Security version
792:
689:
574:Sierra Nevada Corporation
562:Sierra Nevada Corporation
392:thermal protection system
386:Thermal protection system
358:over the next few years.
309:(ESA) would launch on an
280:Sierra Nevada Corporation
265:Dream Chaser Cargo System
261:Dream Chaser Space System
232:
222:
212:
207:
203:
199:
191:
183:
175:
167:
162:
158:
154:
150:
140:
123:
115:
105:
100:
96:
92:
81:
71:
63:
53:
49:
37:
5385:X-41 Common Aero Vehicle
3972:"And the booster is out"
1859:Other ISS cargo vehicles
1843:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105
867:before being changed to
301:rocket and autonomously
284:Sierra Space Corporation
21:Sierra Space Corporation
5395:Military flying saucers
3718:www.nasaspaceflight.com
2906:April 19, 2011, at the
1912:Other ISS crew vehicles
1055:German Aerospace Center
944:reaction control system
655:systems. Together with
435:reaction control system
416:Defense Innovation Unit
187:0 (4 atmospheric tests)
5308:NASA X-38 (Spacewedge)
5182:Boeing X-37 (tech dem)
4401:. Mojave, California.
4320:United Launch Alliance
3607:Davenport, Christian.
2794:. NASA. Archived from
2582:on December 18, 2014.
2556:R. Dale, Reed (1997).
2524:on February 17, 2015.
2443:. Melbourne, Florida.
2409:. Sutton, Surrey, UK.
1158:Dream Chaser vehicles
1053:In December 2013, the
998:
911:
782:
722:Edwards Air Force Base
708:New Orleans, Louisiana
684:Atlas V launch vehicle
555:United Launch Alliance
529:Martin X-24A and X-24B
497:
478:University of Colorado
374:for Virgin Galactic's
333:
5263:Orbital Sciences X-34
4784:Sierra Space web site
3409:on September 19, 2014
3128:. SNC. Archived from
2565:. NASA. p. 180.
1901:Progress (spacecraft)
1896:H-II Transfer Vehicle
1838:Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar
1531:2nd free flight test
1503:1st free flight test
1477:2nd atmospheric test
1451:1st atmospheric test
1387:Cape Canaveral SLC-41
1066:European Space Agency
1064:In January 2014, the
993:
958:version as of 2021.
906:
837:Further information:
776:
572:On February 1, 2010,
495:
372:similar hybrid rocket
368:hybrid rocket engines
331:
307:European Space Agency
6011:Andrews Cargo Module
5268:Rockwell X-30 (NASP)
5248:DARPA Falcon Project
4633:"@DutchSpace DC-101"
4607:"Dream Chaser Cargo"
3585:on December 25, 2014
2748:on February 7, 2010.
2627:Mewhinney, Michael.
1991:www.businesswire.com
1096:Kennedy Space Center
920:launch escape system
823:William Gerstenmaier
564:for US$ 38 million.
544:Benson Space Company
398:Shooting Star module
6110:Reusable spacecraft
6105:American spacecraft
6085:Proposed spacecraft
6080:Private spaceflight
5704:Apollo Lunar Module
5226:Shuttle–Mir Program
5198:North American X-15
5159:Zvezda (Tu-136/139)
5097:Soviet Union/Russia
4611:Gunter's Space Page
4476:on November 7, 2014
4374:. November 19, 2021
4191:nasaspaceflight.com
3771:. November 24, 2017
3769:nasaspaceflight.com
3644:The Washington Post
3532:on December 8, 2014
3441:on October 13, 2014
3362:NASASpaceflight.com
3346:. January 24, 2014.
3045:NasaSpaceFlight.com
2953:on August 13, 2012.
2931:on August 13, 2012.
2473:. November 14, 2017
1881:Cygnus (spacecraft)
1848:Hermes (spacecraft)
1307:Under construction
1159:
1070:Guiana Space Centre
986:CRS-2 cargo version
924:human-rated Atlas V
473:systems engineering
422:Technology partners
295:launched vertically
34:
5149:RAKS (Tu-444/2000)
4661:. November 6, 2023
4348:. February 9, 2022
4165:washingtonpost.cim
3929:Astronomy Magazine
3744:The New York Times
3664:. January 12, 2016
2881:on January 6, 2014
1939:Soyuz (spacecraft)
1929:SpaceX Crew Dragon
1853:RSC Energia Kliper
1803:Spaceflight portal
1523:November 11, 2017
1520:November 11, 2017
1500:Erickson Skycrane
1474:Erickson Skycrane
1367: Test vehicle
1157:
1100:privately arranged
999:
912:
783:
770:in November 2016.
726:autonomous robotic
498:
334:
208:Related spacecraft
32:
6062:
6061:
5830:
5829:
5586:Crewed spacecraft
5552:
5551:
5407:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5380:TR-3A Black Manta
5208:Martin X-23 PRIME
5058:
5057:
5008:
5007:
4794:SpaceDev web site
4322:. August 14, 2019
3222:on March 17, 2013
3132:on August 7, 2012
3111:on July 31, 2012.
2971:on April 8, 2013.
2772:on April 28, 2023
2639:on August 3, 2009
2178:on March 16, 2016
1934:Orel (spacecraft)
1764:
1763:
1527:Boeing-Vertol 234
1497:October 26, 2013
1494:October 26, 2013
1447:Erickson Skycrane
1378:
1377:
1358:
1357:
1078:Hermes Spaceplane
928:return from space
607:airfoil fin shape
533:Martin X-23 PRIME
465:of the spaceplane
336:The Dream Chaser
303:land horizontally
236:
235:
64:Country of origin
6122:
5905:
5864:Cargo spacecraft
5857:
5850:
5843:
5834:
5833:
5579:
5572:
5565:
5556:
5555:
5527:Related vehicles
5519:
5434:
5427:
5420:
5411:
5410:
5172:
5171:
5017:
5016:
4893:
4892:
4838:
4831:
4824:
4815:
4814:
4772:
4767:
4761:
4760:
4744:
4738:
4737:
4721:
4715:
4709:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4696:
4686:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4628:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4617:
4603:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4574:
4565:
4564:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4530:
4521:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4297:
4291:
4290:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4197:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4141:. April 14, 2021
4131:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4084:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4064:
4049:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4011:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3946:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3903:Next Spaceflight
3895:
3884:
3883:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3841:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3687:. SpaceNews.com.
3680:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3615:. Archived from
3604:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3581:. Archived from
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3448:
3442:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3405:. Archived from
3394:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3334:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3247:NASA Spaceflight
3238:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3189:
3183:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3161:on June 10, 2013
3151:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3122:
3113:
3112:
3107:. Archived from
3101:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3036:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3013:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2917:
2911:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2824:on June 12, 2012
2814:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2798:on July 23, 2012
2788:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2771:
2765:. Archived from
2764:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2691:on June 21, 2007
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2635:. Archived from
2624:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2575:. Archived from
2564:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2516:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2432:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2398:
2387:
2386:
2385:. Aviation Week.
2378:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2328:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2174:. Archived from
2163:
2157:
2156:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2035:
2024:
2023:
2012:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1957:
1924:Boeing Starliner
1805:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1782:
1779:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1713:
1688:
1506:Partial success
1471:August 22, 2013
1468:August 22, 2013
1405:
1404:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1348:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1315:
1299:
1298:
1278:
1260:
1259:
1243:
1227:
1226:
1196:
1195:
1160:
1156:
1153:List of vehicles
888:Orlando Sentinel
583:
116:Payload capacity
42:
35:
31:
6130:
6129:
6125:
6124:
6123:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6058:
6045:
5999:
5983:
5979:HTV (Kounotori)
5952:
5906:
5897:
5866:
5861:
5831:
5826:
5805:
5727:
5644:
5593:
5583:
5553:
5548:
5544:SpaceX Dragon 2
5522:
5517:
5503:
5487:
5471:Launch vehicles
5466:
5443:
5438:
5408:
5399:
5390:Aurora aircraft
5363:
5337:
5231:
5186:
5163:
5092:
5054:
5031:
5004:
4973:
4957:
4884:
4863:
4847:
4842:
4780:
4775:
4768:
4764:
4745:
4741:
4722:
4718:
4706:
4694:
4692:
4684:
4678:
4674:
4664:
4662:
4653:
4652:
4648:
4629:
4625:
4615:
4613:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4590:
4588:
4587:(Press release)
4575:
4568:
4557:
4553:
4543:
4541:
4531:
4524:
4515:
4511:
4501:
4499:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4479:
4477:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4439:
4437:
4430:Spaceflight Now
4422:
4418:
4408:
4406:
4391:
4387:
4377:
4375:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4351:
4349:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4325:
4323:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4298:
4294:
4283:
4279:
4269:
4267:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4247:
4245:
4235:
4231:
4221:
4219:
4209:
4205:
4195:
4193:
4183:
4179:
4169:
4167:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4144:
4142:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4118:
4116:
4114:spacepolicy.com
4108:
4107:
4103:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4047:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4033:. AmericaSpace.
4021:
4019:
4012:
4001:
3991:
3989:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3955:
3953:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3933:
3931:
3921:
3917:
3907:
3905:
3897:
3896:
3887:
3868:
3864:
3854:
3852:
3842:
3838:
3828:
3826:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3800:
3798:
3788:
3784:
3774:
3772:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3748:
3746:
3736:
3732:
3722:
3720:
3710:
3706:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3681:
3677:
3667:
3665:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3636:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3619:on May 13, 2015
3613:Washington Post
3605:
3598:
3588:
3586:
3571:
3567:
3557:
3555:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3501:
3497:
3487:
3485:
3475:
3471:
3461:
3459:
3449:
3445:
3426:
3422:
3412:
3410:
3395:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3367:
3365:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3336:
3335:
3328:
3318:
3316:
3301:
3297:
3287:
3285:
3270:
3266:
3256:
3254:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3223:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3190:
3186:
3178:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3124:
3123:
3116:
3103:
3102:
3095:
3085:
3083:
3068:
3064:
3054:
3052:
3037:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3006:
3002:
2992:
2990:
2989:on May 31, 2012
2981:
2980:
2976:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2908:Wayback Machine
2898:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2856:
2841:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2801:
2799:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2642:
2640:
2625:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2594:
2590:
2579:
2573:
2562:
2554:
2550:
2536:
2532:
2521:
2514:
2508:
2504:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2450:
2448:
2433:
2426:
2416:
2414:
2399:
2390:
2379:
2372:
2362:
2360:
2350:
2346:
2336:
2334:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2281:
2279:
2277:We Report Space
2269:
2265:
2255:
2253:
2243:
2239:
2229:
2227:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2181:
2179:
2164:
2160:
2155:. ParabolicArc.
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2050:
2048:
2037:
2036:
2027:
2013:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1993:. March 7, 2024
1985:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1958:
1951:
1947:
1891:SpaceX Dragon 2
1886:SpaceX Dragon 1
1801:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1769:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1722:Vulcan Centaur
1711:
1697:Vulcan Centaur
1686:
1672:Vulcan Centaur
1644:Vulcan Centaur
1616:Vulcan Centaur
1588:Vulcan Centaur
1459:Captive Test 2
1431:Captive Test 1
1420:Launch vehicle
1383:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1346:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1313:
1296:
1295:
1276:
1257:
1256:
1241:
1224:
1223:
1193:
1192:
1178:Time in flight
1155:
1128:
1115:
1051:
1042:
1018:payload fairing
988:
901:
896:
841:
835:
833:CRS-2 selection
795:
742:Lee Archambault
700:Lockheed Martin
692:
680:orbital flights
611:flight software
602:
581:
570:
490:
459:Lockheed Martin
424:
400:
388:
364:
326:
269:low Earth orbit
241:is an American
136:
110:
106:Spacecraft type
45:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6128:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6095:Lifting bodies
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6060:
6059:
6057:
6056:
6050:
6047:
6046:
6044:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6007:
6005:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5997:
5991:
5989:
5985:
5984:
5982:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5960:
5958:
5954:
5953:
5951:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5914:
5912:
5911:In development
5908:
5907:
5900:
5898:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5883:Cargo Dragon 2
5880:
5874:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5860:
5859:
5852:
5845:
5837:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5816:United States
5813:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5790:
5789:
5779:
5773:United States
5771:
5770:
5769:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5751:
5750:
5749:
5744:
5735:
5733:
5732:In development
5729:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5707:
5706:
5701:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5675:United States
5673:
5672:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5652:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5624:United States
5622:
5621:
5620:
5612:
5611:
5610:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5582:
5581:
5574:
5567:
5559:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5495:
5493:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5480:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5437:
5436:
5429:
5422:
5414:
5405:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5371:
5369:
5368:Black projects
5365:
5364:
5362:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5345:
5343:
5342:In development
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5333:SpaceShipThree
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5293:Rocketplane XP
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5258:X-20 Dyna-Soar
5255:
5250:
5245:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5184:
5178:
5176:
5169:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5144:MAKS (Molniya)
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5124:Keldysh bomber
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5050:
5039:
5037:
5036:In development
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5023:
5021:
5014:
5010:
5009:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4981:
4979:
4978:In development
4975:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4899:
4897:
4890:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4871:
4869:
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4778:External links
4776:
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4755:) – via
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4732:) – via
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4639:) – via
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4018:. Spacevidcast
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3952:. May 20, 2024
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3878:) – via
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3427:Norris, Guy. "
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3364:. May 19, 2014
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2851:. p. D1.
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613:and hardware,
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521:Northrop M2-F3
517:Northrop M2-F2
513:X-20 Dyna-Soar
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4304:. Space News.
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5441:Dream Chaser
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5349:Dream Chaser
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5213:SpaceShipOne
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638:
634:flight tests
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615:landing gear
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571:
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463:human rating
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253:Sierra Space
246:lifting-body
239:Dream Chaser
238:
237:
213:Derived from
82:Applications
58:Sierra Space
54:Manufacturer
33:Dream Chaser
29:
6075:Spaceplanes
6026:Kistler K-1
5638:New Shepard
5628:Crew Dragon
5303:Black Horse
5298:VentureStar
5278:Silver Dart
4995:Space Rider
4953:Silbervogel
4845:Spaceplanes
4665:November 6,
4502:November 1,
4480:November 1,
3775:January 28,
3668:January 15,
3558:December 2,
3536:December 3,
3488:January 15,
3457:Denver Post
2947:SNC Release
2925:SNC Release
2828:February 6,
2643:January 15,
2102:January 28,
1828:Space Rider
1823:Boeing X-37
1811:Spaceplanes
1752:Arianespace
1411:Spacecraft
1395:Arianespace
1210:~5 minutes
1090:, using an
1088:test flight
964:Blue Origin
916:human-rated
768:test flight
649:aerothermal
645:aerodynamic
311:Arianespace
192:Operational
6069:Categories
5515:SNC Demo-1
5359:Radian One
5328:DARPA XS-1
5323:Prometheus
5191:Historical
5000:SpaceLiner
4962:Historical
4539:Space News
4440:January 9,
4378:January 5,
4326:August 14,
4094:January 7,
4069:January 6,
4022:August 16,
3992:August 29,
3829:August 14,
3801:August 14,
3623:January 5,
3462:October 5,
3368:January 2,
3319:January 6,
3288:January 6,
3257:January 6,
3136:August 15,
3086:January 6,
2885:January 6,
2859:August 29,
2726:January 6,
2695:August 16,
2669:January 6,
2077:August 29,
2051:August 14,
1945:References
1708:SSC CRS-6
1683:SSC CRS-5
1655:SSC CRS-4
1627:SSC CRS-3
1599:SSC CRS-2
1571:SSC CRS-1
1540:SSC Demo-1
1283:SSC Demo-1
1220:Prototype
1189:Prototype
1136:freeflight
1119:OHB System
880:SNC Demo-1
509:spaceplane
445:composites
437:technology
362:Propulsion
338:spaceplane
324:Spacecraft
249:spaceplane
163:Production
133:3–7 (crew)
6004:Cancelled
5938:Soyuz GVK
5923:Dragon XL
5918:Blue Moon
5810:Cancelled
5794:Blue Moon
5757:Gaganyaan
5633:Starliner
5375:Blackstar
5313:XCOR Lynx
5273:NASA X-43
4859:Wild Fire
4544:April 21,
4372:SpaceNews
4243:The Verge
4145:April 22,
3662:NASA News
3483:ValueWalk
3309:Space.com
3226:March 25,
3200:March 25,
2471:space.com
2417:March 25,
2251:Space.com
2182:March 26,
1906:Soyuz GVK
1833:NASA X-38
1719:NET 2027
1716:NET 2027
1694:NET 2027
1691:NET 2027
1669:NET 2026
1666:NET 2026
1661:Reverence
1641:NET 2026
1638:NET 2026
1613:NET 2025
1610:NET 2025
1585:NET 2025
1582:NET 2025
1555:NET 2025
1552:NET 2025
1397:vehicle.
1303:Reverence
1285:mission.
1231:Ascension
980:Starliner
948:hydrazine
869:Ascension
753:Discovery
739:commander
718:drop test
715:unpowered
590:drop test
441:AdamWorks
320:program.
313:vehicle.
130:0 (cargo)
5988:Proposed
5969:Dragon 1
5943:Starship
5893:Tianzhou
5888:Progress
5782:Starship
5742:Mengzhou
5608:Shenzhou
5590:programs
5508:Missions
5492:Operator
5236:Canceled
5119:Explorer
5020:Canceled
4896:Canceled
4880:Shenlong
4434:Archived
4403:Archived
4119:July 11,
4060:Archived
3855:April 7,
3723:April 7,
3439:Archived
3343:BBC News
3313:Archived
3282:Archived
3278:CBS News
3251:Archived
3080:Archived
3076:NBC News
3049:Archived
2904:Archived
2853:Archived
2802:July 25,
2776:June 28,
2720:Archived
2663:Archived
2606:Archived
2445:Archived
2411:Archived
2363:July 20,
2337:July 20,
2308:July 20,
2282:July 20,
2256:July 20,
2230:April 1,
2130:Archived
2071:Archived
1971:July 11,
1789:See also
1760:Planned
1754:vehicle
1728:Planned
1703:Planned
1678:Planned
1650:Planned
1633:Tenacity
1622:Planned
1605:Tenacity
1594:Planned
1577:Tenacity
1566:Planned
1547:Tenacity
1534:Success
1480:Success
1454:Success
1426:Outcome
1423:Remarks
1417:Landing
1408:Mission
1381:Missions
1340:Unknown
1265:Tenacity
1204:Retired
1175:Flights
1074:Ariane 5
1022:Ariane 5
894:Variants
747:Atlantis
626:Skycrane
580:(CCDev)
551:SpaceDev
342:resupply
276:SpaceDev
243:reusable
184:Launched
72:Operator
6021:Jupiter
5957:Retired
5763:Russia
5684:Mercury
5664:Voskhod
5649:Retired
5614:Russia
5478:Atlas V
5222:program
5134:Lapotok
4948:Saenger
4943:S3 SOAR
4938:Orizont
4933:MUSTARD
4757:Twitter
4734:Twitter
4641:Twitter
3956:May 20,
3934:May 10,
3880:Twitter
3165:May 15,
3055:May 14,
3021:May 14,
2993:May 29,
1997:May 15,
1414:Launch
1325:Crewed
1270:Active
1235:Active
1172:Status
1166:Serial
1092:Atlas V
1085:orbital
1026:Atlas V
932:gliding
909:Atlas V
865:Ascalon
781:mock-up
779:Atlas V
765:orbital
729:landing
704:Michoud
582:phase 1
488:History
431:Aerojet
297:on the
6016:ARCTUS
5995:TGK PG
5878:Cygnus
5871:Active
5753:India
5747:Lanyue
5738:China
5694:Apollo
5689:Gemini
5659:Vostok
5604:China
5598:Active
5534:Cygnus
5518:(2024)
5483:Vulcan
5175:Active
5154:Spiral
5129:Kliper
5083:HOPE-X
5078:ALFLEX
5070:HYFLEX
5043:RLV-TD
5027:AVATAR
4990:Skylon
4985:Airbus
4923:Hopper
4918:Hermes
4889:Europe
4852:Canada
3196:. NASA
2569:
2477:May 2,
2226:. NASA
2204:. 2015
1658:DC102
1630:DC101
1602:DC101
1574:DC101
1544:DC101
1371:
1365:
1292:Cargo
1253:Cargo
1181:Notes
1033:Vulcan
976:Boeing
940:runway
846:SpaceX
793:CCtCap
690:CCiCap
672:impact
531:, and
257:crewed
171:Active
168:Status
141:Regime
6036:S-550
6031:Parom
5933:HTV-X
5777:Orion
5669:Buran
5618:Soyuz
5318:Xerus
5288:HL-42
5283:HL-20
5203:ASSET
5114:Buran
5109:BOR-5
5104:BOR-4
5088:WIRES
5063:Japan
5013:India
4928:HOTOL
4913:Falke
4868:China
4753:Tweet
4730:Tweet
4685:(PDF)
4637:Tweet
4063:(PDF)
4048:(PDF)
3876:Tweet
2770:(PDF)
2763:(PDF)
2580:(PDF)
2563:(PDF)
2522:(PDF)
2515:(PDF)
2327:(PDF)
1516:Eagle
1490:Eagle
1464:Eagle
1436:Eagle
1330:DC201
1297:DC102
1258:DC101
1200:Eagle
1184:Cat.
1169:Name
1163:Type
1059:DC4EU
861:Eagle
540:HL-20
352:CRS-2
176:Built
5948:Argo
5767:Orel
5679:X-15
5452:COTS
5074:OREX
4903:ARES
4697:2023
4667:2023
4618:2020
4593:2020
4546:2015
4504:2014
4482:2014
4442:2014
4411:2013
4380:2022
4354:2022
4328:2019
4272:2016
4250:2021
4224:2021
4198:2021
4172:2021
4147:2021
4121:2020
4096:2012
4071:2014
4024:2011
3994:2012
3958:2024
3936:2024
3910:2024
3857:2021
3831:2019
3803:2019
3777:2019
3751:2017
3725:2021
3670:2016
3625:2015
3591:2014
3560:2014
3538:2014
3512:2014
3490:2016
3464:2014
3415:2014
3370:2015
3321:2014
3290:2014
3259:2014
3228:2013
3202:2013
3167:2013
3138:2012
3088:2014
3057:2013
3023:2013
2995:2012
2887:2014
2861:2012
2830:2011
2804:2012
2778:2010
2728:2014
2697:2011
2671:2014
2645:2016
2614:2012
2567:ISBN
2479:2021
2453:2013
2419:2013
2365:2020
2339:2020
2310:2020
2284:2020
2258:2020
2232:2023
2210:2018
2184:2016
2138:2012
2104:2024
2079:2012
2053:2019
1999:2024
1973:2020
1514:ETA
1488:ETA
1462:ETA
1434:ETA
1347:None
1314:None
1277:None
1242:None
1130:The
966:and
848:and
750:and
647:and
502:NASA
390:Its
76:NASA
6041:OMV
5974:TKS
5964:ATV
5457:CRS
5139:LKS
4969:IXV
4217:NPR
2331:SNC
2302:SNC
1747:TBA
1742:TBA
1737:TBA
1712:TBA
1687:TBA
1389:on
1336:TBA
1225:FTA
1194:ETA
1003:ISS
978:'s
930:by
657:ULA
504:'s
469:MDA
356:ISS
145:LEO
6071::
5224:,
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