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also address keypad layout. Language-specific letters (e.g. ü, é, å, ä, ö) as well as other characters (e.g. ‘€’ or ‘@’) are not addressed, which has led to a variety of inconsistent solutions for
European languages.
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on mobile phones, which required the full range of the alphabet, led to the need to standardize locations for Q and Z on mobile devices. E.161 adopted the current layout in response to this.
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Standardization
Supporting Cultural Diversity: Character Repertoires, Ordering and Assignment to the 12-key Telephone Keypad for European Languages and Languages Used in Europe
203:. Until the 1990s, Q and Z were not included in the standard layout, and since the letters served mainly as mnemonic devices, they were not necessary (Q and Z were not used in
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Financial services — Personal
Identification Number (PIN) management and security — Part 1: Basic principles and requirements for PINs in card-based systems
207:); telephones either omitted them, placed Q and Z onto the 1 key, or included Q and Z on the current locations, with PRS on 7 and WXY on 9. The development of
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are specified both in the common 4 × 3 and several variations, such as 6 × 2 and 2 × 5. E.161 also specifies the dimensions and characteristics of the
249:"E.161 : Arrangement of digits, letters and symbols on telephones and other devices that can be used for gaining access to a telephone network"
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The standard also recommends that a tactile identifier be placed on the 5 key to make it easier to use the keypad in low-light conditions or by the
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170:, referred to in the standard as the 'star' and 'square' keys, respectively. (In practice, the 'square' key is almost invariably replaced by the
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Arrangement of digits, letters and symbols on telephones and other devices that can be used for gaining access to a telephone network
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The E.161 layout is primarily based on the layout used on
American telephones since the 1930s for
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330:"E.161 Arrangement of digits, letters and symbols on telephones and other devices"
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Recommendation that defines the arrangement of digits, letters, and symbols on
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and digits (e.g., "DEF" on 3). Uses for this mapping include:
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181:, as well as multiple alternative methods to implement a
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Böcker, Martin; Larsson, Karl Ivar; von Niman, Bruno,
122:. It also defines the recommended mapping between the
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227:Known in many countries as the 'hash' key.
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147:Using alphabetic characters (e.g. as a
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334:International Telecommunication Union
282:, Annex B.4 Alpha-to-numeric mapping
100:https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-E.161
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361:ITU-T E Series Recommendations
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336:(ITU). Feb 2, 2001 . E.161.
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201:telephone exchange names
144:from telephone numbers.
36:A standard E.161 keypad
124:basic Latin alphabet
16:ITU-T Recommendation
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351:Telephone numbers
179:visually impaired
116:telephone keypads
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82:telecommunication
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261:. Retrieved
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120:rotary dials
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68:Organization
50:Year started
356:Identifiers
253:www.itu.int
172:number sign
345:Categories
312:2010-12-31
263:2019-11-14
235:References
205:phonewords
193:ISO 9995-8
142:phonewords
131:Multi-tap
257:Archived
164:asterisk
149:mnemonic
140:Forming
137:systems.
45:In force
160:Keypads
151:) in a
96:Website
88:License
61:(02/01)
168:square
110:is an
78:Domain
42:Status
306:(PDF)
299:(PDF)
215:Notes
112:ITU-T
108:E.161
72:ITU-T
20:E.161
189:ETSI
166:and
133:and
118:and
53:1988
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