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system, and has a quarter as many nodes each of 12.8 times the performance (3.2× clock speed, four times the processing resource per node), for a peak performance of 131 TFLOPS. With a delivered LINPACK performance of 122.4 TFLOPS, ES2 was the most efficient supercomputer in the world at that point.
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343:. It was able to run holistic simulations of global climate in both the atmosphere and the oceans down to a resolution of 10 km. Its performance on the
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The first generation of Earth
Simulator, developed by the Japanese government's initiative "Earth Simulator Project", was a highly parallel vector
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of memory. Two nodes were installed per 1 metre × 1.4 metre × 2 metre cabinet. Each cabinet consumed 20 kW of power. The system had 700
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288:(JAMSTEC) in 1997. Construction started in October 1999, and the site officially opened on 11 March 2002. The project cost 60 billion
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The U.S. faces a major challenge in scientific computation, the foundation of scientific discovery in the 21st century
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640 processor nodes (each consists of 8 vector arithmetic processors) interconnected by single-stage crossbar switches
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807:"Earth Simulator -SX-Aurora TSUBASA - SX-Aurora TSUBASA B401-8, Vector Engine Type20B 8C 1.6GHz, Infiniband HDR200"
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In
November 2010, NEC announced that ES2 topped the Global FFT, one of the measures of the
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ES was replaced by the Earth
Simulator 2 (ES2) in March 2009. ES2 is an NEC
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ES2 was replaced by the Earth
Simulator 3 (ES3) in March 2015. ES3 is a
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and problems in solid earth geophysics. The system was developed for
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Sato, Tetsuya (2004). "The Earth
Simulator: Roles and Impacts".
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65 m × 50 m (213 ft × 164 ft)
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system with 5120 nodes, and a performance of 1.3 PFLOPS.
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Japan Agency for Marine-Earth
Science and Technology
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Japan Agency for Marine-Earth
Science and Technology
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Japan Agency for Marine-Earth
Science and Technology
331:(450 for the system and 250 for the users) and 1.6
303:architecture. It consisted of 640 nodes with eight
738:"Earth Simulator update breaks efficiency record"
362:from 2002 to 2004. Its capacity was surpassed by
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724:"Japan's Earth Simulator 2 open for business"
203:JAMSTEC Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences
401:Earth Simulator arithmetic processing module
16:Series of supercomputers for earth sciences
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861:Nuclear Physics B: Proceedings Supplements
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286:Japan Marine Science and Technology Center
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147:is a series of supercomputers deployed at
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
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645:19.5 PFLOPS (peak) / 13.45 PFLOPS (peak)
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440:160 nodes of NEC SX-9E vector computers
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553:ES3, from 2017 to 2018, ran alongside
282:Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
151:Yokohama Institute of Earth Sciences.
47:Please improve this article by adding
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666:processors, with acceleration by the
1301:Numerical climate and weather models
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381:Earth Simulator interconnection rack
20:
977:World's most powerful supercomputer
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587:Earth Simulator (fourth generation)
410:Earth Simulator (second generation)
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933:from the original on 6 March 2014.
829:"Earth Simulator: System Overview"
490:Earth Simulator (third generation)
360:fastest supercomputer in the world
315:at each node, for a total of 5120
278:Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
155:Earth Simulator (first generation)
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662:The Earth Simulator 4 (ES4) uses
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981:March 2002 – November 2004
841:from the original on 31 May 2024
370:prototype on 29 September 2004.
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391:Earth Simulator processing rack
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945:. 15 July 2009. Archived from
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1306:One-of-a-kind computers
1262:35.38083°N 139.626333°E
684:Supercomputing in Japan
1223:NEC personal computers
921:"2002 Best Inventions"
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36:relies excessively on
1316:Vector supercomputers
929:. Robots & Tech.
909:3 August 2022 at the
668:NEC SX-Aurora TSUBASA
614:NEC SX-Aurora TSUBASA
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270:global climate models
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919:(18 November 2002).
620:) interconnected by
608:Multi-architecture (
484:HPC Challenge Awards
347:benchmark was 35.86
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873:2004NuPhS.129..102S
754:. 17 November 2010.
656:: 39, June 2021
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471:: 22, June 2009
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268:system for running
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1036:Personal computers
672:NVIDIA Ampere A100
670:Vector Engine and
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258:: 1, June 2002
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1189:SX-related topics
1180:SX-Aurora TSUBASA
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984:Succeeded by
949:on 22 July 2011.
785:"System Overview"
771:www.jamstec.go.jp
767:"EARTH SIMULATOR"
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592:Earth Simulator 4
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578:Earth Simulator 3
568:Earth Simulator 3
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415:Earth Simulator 2
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305:vector processors
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142:Chikyū Shimyurēta
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60:"Earth Simulator"
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34:This article
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947:the original
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843:. Retrieved
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811:. Retrieved
809:. top500.org
801:
789:. Retrieved
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605:Architecture
552:
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517:Architecture
476:
437:Architecture
357:
337:mass storage
329:disk storage
294:
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208:Architecture
128:
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101:October 2017
98:
88:
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35:
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1265: /
987:Blue Gene/L
904:ES for kids
867:: 102–108.
813:27 November
791:27 November
618:NVIDIA A100
368:Blue Gene/L
358:ES was the
341:tape drives
239:10 TB total
1280:Categories
1250:35°22′51″N
968:ASCI White
710:References
622:InfiniBand
548:NEC SX-ACE
353:ASCI White
317:processors
71:newspapers
38:references
1122:SX series
1100:UltraLite
1030:computers
787:. JAMSTEC
512:2015–2021
432:2009–2015
333:petabytes
325:terabytes
321:terabytes
309:gigabytes
295:Built by
182:Operators
177:2002–2009
1196:SUPER-UX
1090:ProSpeed
960:Records
931:Archived
907:Archived
839:Archived
678:See also
664:AMD EPYC
610:AMD EPYC
531:SUPER-UX
451:SUPER-UX
222:SUPER-UX
200:Location
136:地球シミュレータ
1075:PC-8201
869:Bibcode
650:Ranking
555:Gyoukou
465:Ranking
345:LINPACK
319:and 10
307:and 16
252:Ranking
194:JAMSTEC
85:scholar
1175:SX-ACE
1055:PC-100
845:1 June
699:HadCM3
674:GPUs.
654:TOP500
635:CentOS
624:HDR200
612:7742,
597:Active
509:Active
479:SX-9/E
469:TOP500
429:Active
349:TFLOPS
284:, and
256:TOP500
236:Memory
174:Active
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
1105:Versa
1095:TK-80
1085:PC-98
704:EdGCM
642:Speed
537:Speed
457:Speed
244:Speed
228:Space
190:JAERI
186:NASDA
92:JSTOR
78:books
1170:SX-9
1165:SX-8
1160:SX-7
1155:SX-6
1150:SX-5
1145:SX-4
1140:SX-3
1135:SX-2
1130:SX-1
926:Time
847:2024
815:2022
793:2022
694:NCAR
301:SX-6
123:The
64:news
1043:APC
1028:NEC
877:doi
865:129
366:'s
364:IBM
339:in
335:of
327:of
311:of
297:NEC
290:yen
40:to
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