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24:
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237:. In 2007, it was named as one of the ten biggest scientific breakthroughs in NOAA's 200-year history. The NOAA citation states that Ecopath "revolutionized scientists' ability worldwide to understand complex marine ecosystems". Behind this lie more than three decades of development work in association with a thriving network of
383:
In 2013, development efforts were centralized under
Ecopath International Initiative, Spain, which coincided with a switch to a community-driven development model overseen by the Ecopath Research and Development Consortium. As the approach does not receive any core funding, the Ecopath with Ecosim
725:
Steenbeek, Jeroen; Buszowski, Joe; Christensen, Villy; Akoglu, Ekin; Aydin, Kerim; Ellis, Nick; Felinto, Dalai; Guitton, Jerome; Lucey, Sean; Kearney, Kelly; Mackinson, Steven; Pan, Mike; Platts, Mark; Walters, Carl (January 2016). "Ecopath with Ecosim as a model-building toolbox: Source code
676:
Steenbeek, Jeroen; Coll, Marta; Gurney, Leigh; Mélin, Frédéric; Hoepffner, Nicolas; Buszowski, Joe; Christensen, Villy (2013). "Bridging the gap between ecosystem modeling tools and geographic information systems: Driving a food web model with external spatial–temporal data".
597:
Guénette, Sylvie; Heymans, Sheila JJ; Christensen, Villy; Trites, Andrew W (2006). "Ecosystem models show combined effects of fishing, predation, competition, and ocean productivity on
Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska".
351:
was founded to share the responsibility of maintaining and further developing the approach with institutions around the world. EwE exclusively relies on user involvement for continued software development and releases of new versions.
253:, and software engineers around the world. EwE is funded through projects, user contributions, user support, training courses and co-development collaborations. Per November 2021 there are an estimated 8000+ users across
536:
Christensen, V. and Booth, S., 2006. Ecosystem modeling of dioxin distribution patterns in the marine environment. Chapter 6. In: J. Alder and D. Pauly (Editor), On the multiple uses of small
501:
Walters, C.J., Christensen, V., Martell, S.J. and
Kitchell, J.F., 2005. Possible ecosystem impacts of applying MSY policies from single-species assessment. ICES J Mar Sci, 62:558-568.
430:
Walters, C., Pauly, D. and
Christensen, V., 1999. Ecospace: Prediction of mesoscale spatial patterns in trophic relationships of exploited ecosystems, with emphasis on the impacts of
375:. Spin-off versions in R, Matlab and Fortran are developed independently of the main desktop version of EwE, and are not supported by the Ecopath Research and Development Consortium.
412:
Christensen, V. and Pauly, D., 1992. Ecopath II - a software for balancing steady-state ecosystem models and calculating network characteristics. Ecological
Modelling, 61:169-185.
633:
Christensen, Villy; Coll, Marta; Steenbeek, Jeroen; Buszowski, Joe; Chagaris, Dave; Walters, Carl J. (2014). "Representing
Variable Habitat Quality in a Spatial Food Web Model".
3224:
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Ecospace – a spatial and temporal dynamic module designed for exploring the combined impacts of fishing, the placement of protected areas, and changing environmental conditions.
2877:
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Walters, C., Christensen, V. and Pauly, D., 1997. Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments. Rev Fish Biol Fish, 7:139-172
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Walters, William J.; Christensen, Villy (2018). "Ecotracer: analyzing concentration of contaminants and radioisotopes in an aquatic spatial-dynamic food web model".
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version 2007 or newer. The computational core of
Ecopath with Ecosim can be executed on other operating systems such as
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approach now relies entirely on user-contributed project funding for continued development and releases.
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Heymans, J.J.; Coll, Marta; Link, J.S.; Mackinson, Steve; Steenbeek, Jeroen; Christensen, Villy (2016).
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NOAA, 2007. ECOPATH Modeling: Precursor to an
Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management . URL
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446:"Exploring Impacts of River Discharge on Forage Fish and Predators Using Ecopath With Ecosim"
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Christensen, V. and
Walters, C.J., 2004. Trade-offs in ecosystem-scale optimization of
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2014:
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755:"Best practice in Ecopath with Ecosim food-web models for ecosystem-based management"
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Walters, C.J. and
Martell, S.J.D., 2004. Fisheries Ecology and Management.
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Christensen, V. and Lai, S., 2007. Ecopath with Ecosim 6: the sequel. The
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http://celebrating200years.noaa.gov/breakthroughs/ecopath/welcome.html
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14(3). Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia , Vancouver
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Sinnickson, Dylan; Chagaris, David; Allen, Micheal (10 June 2021).
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1199:
844:
632:
484:
Christensen, V. and Pauly, D. (Editors), 1993. Trophic Models of
356:
596:
284:
Ecosim – a time dynamic simulation module for policy exploration
340:
186:
808:
368:
137:
364:
222:
133:
339:
Development Ecopath version 6.0 received support from the
196:
798:
258:
229:, but has since primarily been developed at the formerly
2421:
752:
675:
355:
The desktop version of Ecopath with Ecosim runs only on
281:
Ecopath – a static, mass-balanced snapshot of the system
443:
547:
626:
590:
540:: from ecosystems to markets. UBC Fisheries Centre
600:Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
553:
335:facilitate end-to-end ecosystem model construction
669:
3341:
3235:International Seafood Sustainability Foundation
2861:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
2393:
1576:
829:
296:The Ecopath software package can be used to:
3011:List of commercially important fish species
2856:Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
726:capabilities, extensions, and variations".
349:Ecopath Research and Development Consortium
71:6.7 alpha (on request) / 4 November 2022
36:Ecopath Research and Development Consortium
2407:
2400:
2386:
1797:Latitudinal gradients in species diversity
1583:
1569:
836:
822:
780:
770:
492:Conference Proceedings 26, Manila, 390 p.
461:
2983:Regional fishery management organisation
1695:Predator–prey (Lotka–Volterra) equations
1334:Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
87:https://sources.ecopath.org/trac/Ecopath
1727:Random generalized Lotka–Volterra model
715:Newsletter, 43:1-4 (September–October).
3342:
1535:Herbivore adaptations to plant defense
556:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
332:model effect of environmental changes,
2813:
2420:
2381:
1564:
817:
325:predict movement and accumulation of
2866:United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement
1550:Predator avoidance in schooling fish
3041:Future of Marine Animal Populations
2918:Fishery Resources Monitoring System
2908:Monitoring control and surveillance
2000:Intermediate disturbance hypothesis
13:
1753:Ecological effects of biodiversity
809:Repository of published EwE models
514:policies. Bull Mar Sci, 74:549-562
14:
3376:
3240:Sea Shepherd Conservation Society
2973:National Marine Fisheries Service
2968:European Fisheries Control Agency
1089:Generalist and specialist species
792:
361:Microsoft Access database drivers
2886:
2632:
2449:Population dynamics of fisheries
1812:Occupancy–abundance relationship
373:the Mono common language runtime
319:analyze impact and placement of
22:
3170:Aquaculture Stewardship Council
3026:Environmental impact of fishing
1832:Relative abundance distribution
1545:Plant defense against herbivory
1412:Competitive exclusion principle
1124:Mesopredator release hypothesis
772:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.12.007
746:
740:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.06.031
718:
705:
691:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.04.027
530:
291:
277:EwE has three main components:
3350:Environmental science software
3144:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
2504:Otolith microchemical analysis
1417:Consumer–resource interactions
517:
504:
495:
478:
437:
424:
415:
406:
393:
235:University of British Columbia
1:
3139:European Environmental Agency
3129:Grey nurse shark conservation
3036:Destructive fishing practices
2534:Pop-up satellite archival tag
2263:Biological data visualization
2090:Environmental niche modelling
1817:Population viability analysis
568:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.11.008
387:
272:
3119:Marine conservation activism
2569:Climate change and fisheries
1748:Density-dependent inhibition
309:ecosystem effects of fishing
259:non-government organizations
7:
3365:Computing by computer model
2217:Liebig's law of the minimum
2052:Resource selection function
943:Metabolic theory of ecology
450:Frontiers in Marine Science
10:
3381:
3165:Marine Stewardship Council
2958:EU Common Fisheries Policy
2117:Niche apportionment models
1837:Relative species abundance
1041:Primary nutritional groups
938:List of feeding behaviours
525:Princeton University Press
378:
59:6.6.8 / 4 November 2022
3319:Glossary of fishery terms
3314:Index of fishing articles
3304:
3253:
3152:
3096:
3031:Fishing down the food web
3006:Maximum sustainable yield
2993:
2895:
2884:
2838:
2834:
2809:
2641:
2630:
2564:Match/mismatch hypothesis
2437:
2433:
2416:
2366:
2298:Ecosystem based fisheries
2240:
2140:
2065:
1938:
1910:Interspecific competition
1875:
1802:Minimum viable population
1735:
1660:Maximum sustainable yield
1645:Intraspecific competition
1640:Effective population size
1603:
1520:Anti-predator adaptations
1505:
1384:
1311:
1268:
1190:
1157:
1054:
1031:Photosynthetic efficiency
966:
860:
647:10.1007/s10021-014-9803-3
463:10.3389/fmars.2021.689950
345:the Pew Charitable trusts
315:management policy options
192:
180:
168:
160:
148:
106:
92:
80:
76:
64:
52:
48:
40:
30:
21:
3205:Save Our Seas Foundation
2938:Individual fishing quota
2913:Vessel monitoring system
2559:Hydrographic containment
2288:Ecological stoichiometry
2253:Alternative stable state
434:. Ecosystems, 2:539-554.
2851:Exclusive economic zone
2529:GIS and aquatic science
2484:Standard weight in fish
2132:Ontogenetic niche shift
1995:Ideal free distribution
1905:Ecological facilitation
1655:Malthusian growth model
1625:Consumer-resource model
1482:Paradox of the plankton
1447:Energy systems language
1167:Chemoorganoheterotrophy
1134:Optimal foraging theory
1109:Heterotrophic nutrition
329:and tracers (Ecotracer)
221:, initially started at
197:https://www.ecopath.org
132:(EwE desktop version),
3080:Turtle excluder device
2753:Shoaling and schooling
2278:Ecological forecasting
2222:Marginal value theorem
2020:Landscape epidemiology
1955:Cross-boundary subsidy
1890:Biological interaction
1240:Microbial intelligence
928:Green world hypothesis
432:marine protected areas
321:marine protected areas
3104:Marine protected area
2978:Regional fishery body
2604:Census of Marine Life
2499:Catch per unit effort
2283:Ecological humanities
2182:Ecological energetics
2127:Niche differentiation
1990:Habitat fragmentation
1758:Ecological extinction
1705:Small population size
1457:Feed conversion ratio
1437:Ecological succession
1369:San Francisco Estuary
1283:Ecological efficiency
1225:Microbial cooperation
713:Sea Around Us Project
341:Lenfest Ocean Program
114:Vista (non-supported)
3355:Conceptual modelling
2943:Minimum landing size
2903:Fisheries management
2878:Magnuson–Stevens Act
2873:Fisheries Convention
2624:Fisheries scientists
2308:Evolutionary ecology
2273:Ecological footprint
2268:Ecological economics
2192:Ecological threshold
2187:Ecological indicator
2057:Source–sink dynamics
2010:Land change modeling
2005:Insular biogeography
1857:Species distribution
1596:Modelling ecosystems
1255:Microbial metabolism
1094:Intraguild predation
883:Biogeochemical cycle
849:Modelling ecosystems
759:Ecological Modelling
728:Ecological Modelling
679:Ecological Modelling
512:fisheries management
239:fisheries scientists
231:UBC Fisheries Centre
3220:Defying Ocean's End
3124:Salmon conservation
3114:Marine conservation
3054:The End of the Line
3047:The Sunken Billions
3016:Sustainable seafood
3001:Sustainable fishery
2614:Fisheries databases
2544:Age class structure
2514:Fisheries acoustics
2358:Theoretical ecology
2333:Natural environment
2197:Ecosystem diversity
2167:Ecological collapse
2157:Bateman's principle
2112:Limiting similarity
2025:Landscape limnology
1847:Species homogeneity
1685:Population modeling
1680:Population dynamics
1497:Trophic state index
804:Social network site
527:, Princeton, 399 p.
403:(accessed 8.26.12).
269:in 150+ countries.
216:ecosystem modelling
205:Ecopath with Ecosim
18:
17:Ecopath with Ecosim
3309:Outline of fishing
2928:Fisheries observer
2579:Aquatic ecosystems
2369:Outline of ecology
2318:Industrial ecology
2313:Functional ecology
2177:Ecological deficit
2122:Niche construction
2085:Ecosystem engineer
1862:Species–area curve
1783:Introduced species
1598:: Other components
1530:Deimatic behaviour
1432:Ecological network
1364:North Pacific Gyre
1349:hydrothermal vents
1288:Ecological pyramid
1235:Microbial food web
1046:Primary production
991:Foundation species
486:Aquatic Ecosystems
155:.NET Framework 4.8
16:
3360:Fisheries science
3335:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3291:Threatened sharks
3190:Ocean Conservancy
3175:Friend of the Sea
2805:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2713:Lobster fisheries
2658:Diversity of fish
2454:Shifting baseline
2423:Fisheries science
2375:
2374:
2258:Balance of nature
2015:Landscape ecology
1900:Community ecology
1842:Species diversity
1778:Indicator species
1773:Gradient analysis
1650:Logistic function
1558:
1557:
1515:Animal coloration
1492:Trophic mutualism
1230:Microbial ecology
1021:Photoheterotrophs
1006:Myco-heterotrophy
918:Ecosystem ecology
903:Carrying capacity
868:Abiotic component
606:(11): 2495–2517.
243:Villy Christensen
202:
201:
3372:
3271:Marine pollution
3075:Cetacean bycatch
3070:Incidental catch
2890:
2836:
2835:
2811:
2810:
2778:Humboldt current
2636:
2554:Trophic cascades
2494:Data storage tag
2479:Fish measurement
2474:Stock assessment
2435:
2434:
2418:
2417:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2075:Ecological niche
2047:selection theory
1867:Umbrella species
1852:Species richness
1788:Invasive species
1768:Flagship species
1675:Population cycle
1670:Overexploitation
1635:Ecological yield
1585:
1578:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1467:Mesotrophic soil
1407:Climax community
1339:Marine food webs
1278:Biomagnification
1079:Chemoorganotroph
933:Keystone species
893:Biotic component
838:
831:
824:
815:
814:
787:
786:
784:
774:
750:
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743:
722:
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709:
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673:
667:
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641:(8): 1397–1412.
630:
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551:
545:
542:Research Reports
534:
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397:
227:Jeffrey Polovina
211:) is a free and
108:Operating system
97:Visual Basic.NET
26:
19:
15:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3323:
3300:
3296:Threatened rays
3276:Mercury in fish
3249:
3148:
3134:Shark sanctuary
3092:
2989:
2923:Catch reporting
2891:
2882:
2830:
2797:
2703:Krill fisheries
2668:Coral reef fish
2653:Ocean fisheries
2644:
2637:
2628:
2469:Condition index
2440:
2429:
2412:
2406:
2376:
2371:
2362:
2348:Systems ecology
2236:
2207:Extinction debt
2172:Ecological debt
2162:Bioluminescence
2143:
2136:
2105:marine habitats
2080:Ecological trap
2061:
1941:
1934:
1877:
1871:
1827:Rapoport's rule
1822:Priority effect
1763:Endemic species
1731:
1690:Population size
1606:
1599:
1589:
1559:
1554:
1507:
1501:
1487:Trophic cascade
1397:Bioaccumulation
1380:
1307:
1264:
1186:
1153:
1050:
962:
923:Ecosystem model
856:
842:
795:
790:
751:
747:
723:
719:
710:
706:
674:
670:
631:
627:
612:10.1139/f06-136
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407:
398:
394:
390:
381:
294:
275:
175:Ecosystem model
72:
66:Preview release
60:
41:Initial release
12:
11:
5:
3378:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3266:Fish slaughter
3263:
3257:
3255:
3254:Related issues
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3195:Ocean Outcomes
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3109:Marine reserve
3106:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2994:Sustainability
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2840:
2832:
2831:
2824:sustainability
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Marine habitat
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2718:Shrimp fishery
2715:
2710:
2708:Kelp fisheries
2705:
2700:
2695:
2693:Crab fisheries
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2574:Marine biology
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2524:Coded wire tag
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2464:Fish mortality
2461:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2431:
2430:
2427:wild fisheries
2414:
2413:
2411:science topics
2405:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2382:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2328:Microecosystem
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2227:Thorson's rule
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2152:Assembly rules
2148:
2146:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2037:
2035:Patch dynamics
2032:
2030:Metapopulation
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1946:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1925:Storage effect
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:Neutral theory
1804:
1799:
1794:
1792:Native species
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Overpopulation
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1601:
1600:
1588:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1565:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1472:Nutrient cycle
1469:
1464:
1462:Feeding frenzy
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1442:Energy quality
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1402:Cascade effect
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1245:Microbial loop
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1210:Lithoautotroph
1207:
1202:
1196:
1194:
1192:Microorganisms
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1149:Prey switching
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:Photosynthesis
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
981:Chemosynthesis
978:
972:
970:
964:
963:
961:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
873:Abiotic stress
870:
864:
862:
858:
857:
841:
840:
833:
826:
818:
812:
811:
806:
801:
794:
793:External links
791:
789:
788:
745:
717:
704:
668:
625:
589:
546:
538:pelagic fishes
529:
516:
503:
494:
477:
436:
423:
414:
405:
391:
389:
386:
380:
377:
347:. In 2011 the
337:
336:
333:
330:
323:
317:
311:
305:
293:
290:
289:
288:
285:
282:
274:
271:
219:software suite
200:
199:
194:
190:
189:
184:
178:
177:
172:
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
152:
146:
145:
140:(EwE core via
110:
104:
103:
94:
90:
89:
84:
78:
77:
74:
73:
70:
68:
62:
61:
58:
56:
54:Stable release
50:
49:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
34:
28:
27:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3377:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3338:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3286:Shark finning
3284:
3282:
3281:Shark culling
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3210:Sea Around Us
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:Seafood Watch
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3086:Shrimp-Turtle
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2948:Pulse fishing
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2846:Fisheries law
2844:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2816:Fisheries law
2812:
2808:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:Eel fisheries
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:Cod fisheries
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2673:Demersal fish
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2635:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2549:Trophic level
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2403:
2398:
2396:
2391:
2389:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:Urban ecology
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2212:Kleiber's law
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1985:Foster's rule
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1303:Trophic level
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1261:
1260:Phage ecology
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:Microbial mat
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1205:Bacteriophage
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1172:Decomposition
1170:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1119:Mesopredators
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1064:Apex predator
1062:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
971:
969:
965:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
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25:
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3337:
3097:Conservation
3085:
3052:
3045:
2828:conservation
2783:Algal blooms
2768:Water column
2683:Pelagic fish
2663:Coastal fish
2609:OSTM/Jason-2
2593:
2584:Bioeconomics
2519:Acoustic tag
2489:Fish counter
2338:Regime shift
2323:Macroecology
2292:
2044:
2040:
1980:Edge effects
1950:Biogeography
1895:Commensalism
1743:Biodiversity
1620:Allee effect
1359:kelp forests
1312:Example webs
1177:Detritivores
1016:Organotrophs
996:Kinetotrophs
948:Productivity
782:10261/135094
762:
758:
748:
731:
727:
720:
707:
682:
678:
671:
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338:
327:contaminants
295:
292:Capabilities
276:
251:Daniel Pauly
247:Carl Walters
208:
204:
203:
161:Available in
32:Developer(s)
3021:Overfishing
2933:Catch share
2763:Marine snow
2748:Sardine run
2733:Fish screen
2728:Fish ladder
2678:Forage fish
1975:Disturbance
1878:interaction
1700:Recruitment
1630:Depensation
1422:Copiotrophs
1293:Energy flow
1215:Lithotrophy
1159:Decomposers
1139:Planktivore
1114:Insectivore
1104:Heterotroph
1069:Bacterivore
1036:Phototrophs
986:Chemotrophs
958:Restoration
908:Competition
765:: 173–184.
734:: 178–189.
685:: 139–151.
562:: 118–127.
267:governments
213:open source
3344:Categories
3245:Greenpeace
2953:Slot limit
2896:Management
2820:management
2788:Dead zones
2743:Salmon run
2723:Eel ladder
2619:Institutes
2459:Fish stock
2343:Sexecology
1920:Parasitism
1885:Antibiosis
1720:Resistance
1715:Resilience
1605:Population
1525:Camouflage
1477:Oligotroph
1392:Ascendency
1354:intertidal
1344:cold seeps
1298:Food chain
1099:Herbivores
1074:Carnivores
1001:Mixotrophs
976:Autotrophs
855:components
635:Ecosystems
472:2539744082
388:References
302:ecological
273:Components
93:Written in
82:Repository
3215:WorldFish
3180:SeaChoice
2793:Fish kill
2773:Upwelling
2738:Migration
2645:fisheries
2439:Fisheries
2248:Allometry
2202:Emergence
1930:Symbiosis
1915:Mutualism
1710:Stability
1615:Abundance
1427:Dominance
1385:Processes
1374:tide pool
1270:Food webs
1144:Predation
1129:Omnivores
1056:Consumers
1011:Mycotroph
968:Producers
913:Ecosystem
878:Behaviour
699:0304-3800
655:1432-9840
620:0706-652X
576:0265-931X
307:evaluate
304:questions
3225:HERMIONE
3153:Advocacy
3065:Discards
2599:FishBase
2589:EconMult
2539:EcoSCOPE
2303:Endolith
2232:Xerosere
2144:networks
1960:Ecocline
1506:Defense,
1182:Detritus
1084:Foraging
953:Resource
584:29145014
468:ProQuest
313:explore
300:address
263:industry
255:academia
241:such as
150:Platform
112:Windows
3261:CalCOFI
3230:PROFISH
3160:FishAct
3060:Bycatch
2594:Ecopath
2509:Biomass
2441:science
2409:Fishery
2293:Ecopath
2100:Habitat
1970:Ecotype
1965:Ecotone
1942:ecology
1940:Spatial
1876:Species
1736:Species
1607:ecology
1592:Ecology
1540:Mimicry
1508:counter
1452:f-ratio
1200:Archaea
888:Biomass
861:General
853:Trophic
845:Ecology
663:3896465
379:Funding
357:Windows
233:of the
193:Website
182:License
164:English
3200:Oceana
2963:EU MLS
1324:Rivers
1220:Marine
697:
661:
653:
618:
582:
574:
490:ICLARM
470:
371:using
187:GPL v2
2241:Other
2142:Other
2095:Guild
2067:Niche
1319:Lakes
659:S2CID
369:Linux
138:Linux
3088:case
2826:and
2643:Wild
2425:and
1329:Soil
695:ISSN
651:ISSN
616:ISSN
580:PMID
572:ISSN
365:Unix
343:and
265:and
249:and
223:NOAA
170:Type
142:Mono
136:and
134:Unix
44:1992
2839:Law
777:hdl
767:doi
763:331
736:doi
732:319
687:doi
683:263
643:doi
608:doi
564:doi
560:181
458:doi
367:or
225:by
209:EwE
3346::
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261:,
257:,
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122:8*
120:,
116:,
101:C#
99:,
2401:e
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837:e
830:t
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779::
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689::
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645::
622:.
610::
586:.
566::
474:.
460::
454:8
207:(
144:)
118:7
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