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114:, were ever fortified, though a few others that had fallen into disrepair were rebuilt "in times of crisis in order to increase troop mobility". Charles also prohibited all trade in weapons with the Vikings, in order to prevent them from establishing bases in Gaul. The penalty for selling horses to the Vikings was death. Since the prohibition on the sale of horses was new, it is probable that mounted Viking raids were on the rise.
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more than annually ravaged not only the
Frankish coastlands but, with the aid of Europe's numerous navigable rivers, much of the interior also. A king was most valued who could defeat them in the field and prevent their attacks in the future. The purpose and primary effect of the Edict was long
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so famous for the next seven centuries. The intention of
Charles was to have a mobile force with which to descend upon the raiders before they could up and leave with their booty.
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To prevent the
Vikings from even attaining a great booty, Charles also declared that fortified bridges should be built at all towns on rivers. This was to prevent the dreaded
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upon which he could call as needed. He ordered all men who had horses or could afford horses to serve in the army as cavalrymen. This was one of the beginnings of the French
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Frankish swords have been found at Viking archaeological sites, cf. Gillmore, 104 note 80, citing Nils-Ove
Nilsson, "Armes scandinaves de l'époque viking en France,"
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Coupland, 2, gives an impressive list of those who have noted
Charles' bridge-building "program": Vercauteren, d'Haenens, Jäschke, Fixot, Sawyer, Logan, and Gillmor.
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886 "reports that a Norse army 'took up quarters in East Anglia and were supplied with horses'. This passage is the first reference in the
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on 25 June 864. It is often cited by historians as an example of successful government action on the part of
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Gillmor, Carroll. "War on the Rivers: Viking
Numbers and Mobility on the Seine and Loire, 841–886."
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to the Viking use of horses and reflects the cooperation of the native inhabitants in providing mounts …"
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Aside from its auspicious military reforms, the Edict had political and economic consequences. King
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from sailing into the interior. Simon
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Charles the Bald's 'Edict of Pîtres' (864): a
Translation and Commentary
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864 act by West
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Edition: "Edictum
Pistense 864." A. Boretius and V. Krause, edd.
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thought to be the protection of the cities and countryside from
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http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/864charlesbald-pistes.asp
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Coupland, Simon. "The Fortified Bridges of Charles the Bald."
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http://www.mgh.de/dmgh/resolving/MGH_Capit._2_S._310
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