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killing and wounding many civilians who were waiting for buses. LTTE cadres then drove to the
Buddhist Sri Maha Bobhi shrine and gunned down nuns, monks and civilians as they prayed inside the Buddhist shrine. Before they withdrew, the LTTE strike force entered the national park of Wilpattu and killed 18 Sinhalese in the forest reserve. The attack was allegedly sparked by the
908:, was accused of having perpetrated the massacre. The STF entered the village from Vellaveli, Kondavedduvan, Kaluvanchikudi and Kallandy camps in trucks. At a nearby junction, a vehicle was parked and some STF officers exited the vehicle and walked into the prawn farm. The STF gathered up the farm employees, checked their identity cards and herded them onto a
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and started killing, raping, and assaulting Tamils while looting and burning their properties in retribution for what happened. Sinhalese civilians were equipped with voter registration lists, burning and attacking only Tamil residences and business, while army and government officials stood by. Even
869:
The
Anuradhapura massacre is an incident on May 14, 1985, in which LTTE cadres massacred 146 Sinhalese men, women, and children in Anuradhapura. The LTTE hijacked a bus and entered Anuradhapura. As the LTTE cadres entered the main bus station, they opened fire indiscriminately with automatic weapons
850:
In
November 1984, Sinhalese convicts were settled in the Kent and Dollar farms after the Tamil civilians living there were evicted by the Sri Lankan Army. The settlement of prisoners was used to further harass Tamils into leaving the area. The Sinhala settlers confirmed that young Tamil women were
769:
Following the successful completion of the mission, and faced with the possibility of further involvement of the Indian military, including reports that Indian ground forces were being prepared for possible involvement in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka
President J. R. Jayewardene held talks with the Indian
734:
but was met with fierce resistance from the LTTE which forced the Sri Lankan Army to withdraw after three days of intense fighting. Thereafter, the Sri Lankan military strategy shifted to mortar shelling and aerial bombing which drove the Tamil population out of the eastern coast of the Jaffna
912:; they were taken to a road junction and shot dead. Seven of the victims were boys aged 12 to 14. Forty non-employees who had sought refuge in the farm were also shot and killed. The bodies were later burnt on piles of old tires obtained by the security forces from the town's bus depot.
836:
Sinhalese civilians who harbored Tamil families in their households (or suspected of doing so) were set upon by the mobs. According to Tamil Center for Human Rights (TCHR), the total number of Tamils killed in the Black July pogrom was 5,638.
854:
Following this settlement, the LTTE committed their first massacre of
Sinhalese civilians. The massacres took place on November 30, 1984, in two tiny farming villages in the district of Mullaitivu in north-eastern Sri Lanka.
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had cornered the LTTE in Jaffna, on the tip of the island, and were confident of bringing an end to the conflict. However, due to internal pressure, specifically concern about the 50 million Tamils living in
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drove a truck loaded with explosives and rammed the truck into the army camp at
Nelliady Madhya Maha Vidyalayam. At least 40 Sri Lankan army were killed in that incident.
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Although tensions between the government and Tamil militant groups had been brewing since the 1970s, full-scale war did not break out until an attack by the LTTE on a
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1996:
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University
Teachers for Human Rights (Jaffna) Sri Lanka, Information Bulletin No.4, 13 February 1995, Padaviya-Weli Oya: bearing the burden of ideology
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was signed on July 29, 1987. Sri Lankan troops then withdraw from the north of the country and handed over control over the entire area to Indian
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ordered a flotilla of ships be sent to relieve the economic embargo imposed on the population in Jaffna. After the convoy was blocked by the
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715:, in the north of the country, on July 23, 1983, which killed 13 soldiers. The attack, and the subsequent riots in the south (dubbed
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The Prawn farm massacre, also known as the 1987 Kokkadichcholai massacre, took place on
January 27, 1987 in the village of
1152:
Halder, Radhika; Patney, Vinod; KW Publishers (New Delhi, India); Centre for Air Power
Studies (New Delhi, India) (2020).
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1311:. London; Washington ; Elmsford, N.Y., USA: Brassey's (UK) ; Pergamon Press [distributor for the U.S. p. 22.
1052:. London; Washington ; Elmsford, N.Y., USA: Brassey's (UK) ; Pergamon Press [distributor for the U.S. p. 50.
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civilians who had gathered at the cemetery, angered by news of the ambush, which was magnified by wild rumor, formed
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1983:
1836:
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751:, the Indian government called for a halt to the offensive. After the request was snubbed by Sri Lanka, the Indian
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abducted, brought there and gang-raped, first by the forces, next by prison guards and finally by prisoners.
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in hopes of seeking a negotiated settlement. The peace talks proved as fruitless and fighting soon resumed.
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government to resolve the dispute. As a result of the negotiations, the siege of Jaffna was lifted and the
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M.R.R.Hoole, The Tamil
Secessionist Movement in Sri Lanka (Ceylon): A Case of Secession by Default?
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launched its first suicide attack with a truck bombing. On 5 July 1987, a suicide bomber
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2014:
2004:
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874:, where the Sri Lanka Army massacred 70 Tamil civilians in the LTTE's leader hometown.
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762:, India instead chose to airdrop supplies to the besieged city in a mission codenamed
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On May 17, 1986, the Sri Lankan military launched an offensive to take control of the
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Rajan Hoole – The Arrogance of Power, Chapter 14, Section 3 - On to Weli Oya (2001)
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2019:
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Parthasarathy, Malini (June 13, 1986). "A military and political misadventure".
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1969:
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692:(23 July 1983 - 29 July 1987) is the name given to the initial phase of the
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McConnell, D. (2008). "The Tamil people's right to self-determination".
1410:
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T.Sabaratnam - Pirapaharan Chapter 23, Manal Aru becomes Weli Oya (2004)
1259:
The causes and consequences of group violence from bullies to terrorists
1777:
1772:
1663:
818:
782:. This brought about an end to the first stage of the ethnic conflict.
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Suicide warfare: culture, the military, and the individual as a weapon
1918:
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260:
218:
177:
27:
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1424:"Sri Lanka: The untold Story, Chapter 33: India shows its hand"
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1897:
1188:"Two decades later, LTTE suicide bombers live on | Asia News"
832:
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Civil War Interventions and Their Benefits: Unequal Return
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1308:
The cyanide war: Tamil insurrection in Sri Lanka, 1973-88
1049:
The cyanide war: Tamil insurrection in Sri Lanka, 1973-88
1367:"Recorded figures of Arrests, Killings, Disappearances"
1220:
Suicide protest in South Asia: consumed by commitment
1598:
1128:"Sri Lanka is all too familiar with suicide bombing"
152:
23 July 1983 – 29 July 1987
823:On July 24, the day the 13 servicemen killed in an
52:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1460:
1458:
839:
2877:
1341:"Vanakam Fable and the Sinhalese helping hands"
1256:Hawdon, James; Ryan, John; Lucht, Marc (2016).
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896:. At least 83 Tamil civilians were killed. The
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1304:
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1017:. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger. p. 163.
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1430:. Archived from the original on 2002-04-07
1421:
1290:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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1549:Government of Sri Lanka Peace Secretariat
1467:Cambridge Review of International Affairs
112:Learn how and when to remove this message
982:. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 131.
858:
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1518:
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2166:Assassination of Lalith Athulathmudali
1399:http://www.uthr.org/bulletins/bul4.htm
1216:
1125:
1010:
952:List of attacks attributed to the LTTE
877:
2176:Assassination of Ranasinghe Premadasa
1572:
1499:
1493:
1411:http://www.uthr.org/Rajan/selfdet.htm
1262:. Lanham, Maryland. pp. 98, 99.
388:
318:
2824:
1506:University Teachers for Human Rights
1502:"Kokkadichcholai massacre and after"
1100:"India Airlifts Aid To Tamil Rebels"
947:List of Sri Lankan Civil War battles
807:
50:adding citations to reliable sources
21:
2916:History of Sri Lanka (1948–present)
1525:"Military operations in the East".
1158:. Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
922:Origins of the Sri Lankan Civil War
13:
2891:Phases of the Sri Lankan Civil War
1391:
1343:. Asiantribune.com. Archived from
1098:Weisman, Steven R. (5 June 1987).
927:Phases of the Sri Lankan Civil War
14:
2967:
2161:Expulsions from Northern province
1537:
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2792:
2776:
2201:2009 suicide air raid on Colombo
1917:
1890:
1830:
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301:
286:
272:
259:
247:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
240:
225:
211:
26:
1422:Rajasingam, K. T (2002-03-30).
1415:
1403:
1382:
1373:
1359:
1333:
1298:
1249:
1155:Understanding suicide terrorism
1126:Tamkin, Emily (22 April 2019).
344:
37:needs additional citations for
1622:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
1544:Ministry of Defence, Sri Lanka
1210:
1180:
1145:
1119:
1091:
1074:
1039:
1004:
969:
846:Kent and Dollar Farm massacres
840:Kent and Dollar Farm massacres
466:Bombings and terrorist attacks
165:(4 years and 6 days)
1:
2921:Military history of Sri Lanka
2171:Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi
962:
812:
1617:Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
1559:Sri Lanka Monitoring Mission
976:Castellano, Isaac M (2015).
796:In this armed conflict, the
772:Indo-Sri-Lankan Peace Accord
7:
2191:Bandaranaike Airport attack
2100:Bandaranaike Airport attack
1500:Hoole, Rajan (2002-05-14).
915:
872:1985 Valvettiturai massacre
596:Central Bus Station bombing
10:
2972:
2956:Indian Peace Keeping Force
2764:1987–1989 JVP insurrection
2759:1988 Maldives coup attempt
2650:UN Panel on Accountability
2181:Temple of the Tooth attack
2025:Jaffna University Helidrop
1907:Indian Peace Keeping Force
1305:O'Ballance, Edgar (1989).
1046:O'Ballance, Edgar (1989).
1011:Skaine, Rosemarie (2013).
881:
862:
843:
816:
789:
780:Indian Peace Keeping Force
696:between the government of
15:
2772:
2705:Office on Missing Persons
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2605:
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2510:
2503:
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2440:
2433:
2393:
2341:
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2230:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2143:
1994:
1947:
1915:
1887:
1828:
1751:
1679:
1672:
1657:Burning of Jaffna Library
1607:
1479:10.1080/09557570701828592
1447:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
426:
354:
252:
203:
188:Peace deal negotiated by
141:
133:
128:
2318:D. A. M. R. Samarasekara
1217:Lahiri, Simanti (2013).
827:were to be buried, some
2411:Dingiri Banda Wijetunga
2361:Makalandage Gunawardena
2196:Expulsions from Colombo
740:Vadamarachchi Operation
2481:Selvarasa Pathmanathan
2450:Velupillai Prabhakaran
1642:Vaddukoddai Resolution
1554:LTTE Peace Secretariat
1527:The Island (Sri Lanka)
666:Dehiwala train bombing
471:Other military attacks
461:Battles and operations
308:Velupillai Prabhakaran
253:Commanders and leaders
2543:Krishnaswamy Sundarji
2416:Chandrika Kumaratunga
2156:Indo-Sri Lanka Accord
865:Anuradhapura massacre
859:Anuradhapura massacre
786:First suicide bombing
552:Massacre of policemen
2951:Sri Lankan Civil War
2782:Sri Lankan Civil War
2754:Thirteenth Amendment
2574:Jyotindra Nath Dixit
2406:Ranasinghe Premadasa
2333:Wasantha Karannagoda
2151:Air Lanka Flight 512
2075:Thandikulam–Omanthai
1736:Attacks on civilians
1600:Sri Lankan Civil War
957:Sri Lankan Civil War
661:Central Bank bombing
606:Kent and Dollar Farm
562:Air Lanka Flight 512
557:1991 Kokkadichcholai
418:Sri Lankan Civil War
136:Sri Lankan Civil War
46:improve this article
18:Sri Lankan Civil War
2371:Jayalath Weerakkody
2356:Andibuduge Fernando
2323:H. C. A. C. Thisera
2270:Srilal Weerasooriya
2250:Hamilton Wanasinghe
1960:Indian intervention
1923:Paramilitary groups
894:Batticaloa District
884:Prawn farm massacre
878:Prawn farm massacre
744:Sri Lankan military
441:Indian intervention
194:Indian peacekeepers
2896:1980s in Sri Lanka
2491:S. P. Thamilselvan
2381:Roshan Goonetileke
2186:Lionair Flight 602
1724:Special Task Force
1105:The New York Times
898:Special Task Force
764:Operation Poomalai
671:1989 Valvettiturai
631:Lionair Flight 602
572:Aluth Oya massacre
542:Eastern University
522:1985 Valvettiturai
369:Operation Poomalai
2946:1987 in Sri Lanka
2941:1986 in Sri Lanka
2936:1985 in Sri Lanka
2931:1984 in Sri Lanka
2926:1983 in Sri Lanka
2873:
2872:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2499:
2498:
2486:Anton Balasingham
2429:
2428:
2421:Mahinda Rajapaksa
2401:J. R. Jayewardene
2389:
2388:
2366:Oliver Ranasinghe
2280:Shantha Kottegoda
2255:Cecil Waidyaratne
2245:Nalin Seneviratne
2135:Puthukkudiyirippu
2095:2nd Elephant Pass
2035:1st Elephant Pass
1984:Northern theatres
1943:
1942:
1318:978-0-08-036695-1
1269:978-0-7391-8897-2
1234:978-0-415-82099-8
1165:978-0-367-43838-8
1087:. pp. 17–20.
1059:978-0-08-036695-1
1024:978-0-313-39864-3
989:978-0-7391-8887-3
808:Civilian killings
778:troops named the
684:
683:
676:Habarana massacre
621:Kattankudi mosque
517:Kokkilai massacre
382:
381:
313:
312:
296:Nalin Seneviratne
282:T. I. Weerathunga
199:
198:
192:, and arrival of
122:
121:
114:
96:
2963:
2859:
2843:
2842:
2829:Images and media
2827:
2826:
2812:
2796:
2780:
2660:Chemical weapons
2508:
2507:
2438:
2437:
2240:Tissa Weeratunga
2228:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2213:
1922:
1921:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1847:
1846:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1818:Suicide bombings
1758:
1757:
1756:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1677:
1676:
1627:Sinhala Only Act
1593:
1586:
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1515:
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1078:
1072:
1071:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1008:
1002:
1001:
973:
906:Sri Lanka Police
900:(STF), an elite
732:Jaffna peninsula
421:
419:
409:
402:
395:
386:
385:
349:
339:
332:
325:
316:
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306:
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304:
291:
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277:
276:
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267:J.R. Jayewardene
264:
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163:
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97:
95:
54:
30:
22:
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2970:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2901:1980s conflicts
2876:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2768:
2749:Sixth Amendment
2744:Sexual violence
2717:Popular culture
2666:
2645:Remembrance Day
2593:
2579:J. Jayalalithaa
2559:R. Venkataraman
2547:
2495:
2469:
2425:
2385:
2337:
2313:Clancy Fernando
2289:
2275:L. P. Balagalle
2265:Rohan Daluwatte
2205:
2139:
2125:2nd Kilinochchi
2080:1st Kilinochchi
1990:
1939:
1916:
1911:
1891:
1889:
1883:
1840:
1839:
1837:Other militants
1831:
1829:
1824:
1754:
1752:
1747:
1683:
1681:
1668:
1603:
1597:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1510:
1508:
1498:
1494:
1463:
1456:
1440:
1439:
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1431:
1420:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1365:
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1360:
1350:
1348:
1347:on 4 March 2016
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1319:
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1299:
1283:
1282:
1270:
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1250:
1235:
1227:. p. 113.
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1211:
1201:
1199:
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1185:
1181:
1166:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1132:Washington Post
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1120:
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1108:
1096:
1092:
1079:
1075:
1060:
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1040:
1025:
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890:Kokkadichcholai
886:
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867:
861:
848:
842:
821:
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547:1990 Batticaloa
503:
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383:
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2700:Disappearances
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2671:Related topics
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2530:
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2514:
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2260:G. H. De Silva
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2198:
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2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2130:2nd Mullaitivu
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
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2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:1st Mullaitivu
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1992:
1991:
1989:
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1962:
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1813:Assassinations
1810:
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1764:
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1741:Assassinations
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1538:External links
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817:Main article:
814:
811:
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802:Captain Miller
792:Captain Miller
790:Main article:
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784:
760:Sri Lanka Navy
753:Prime Minister
709:Sri Lanka Army
694:armed conflict
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651:Kebithigollewa
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2531:
2529:
2528:Kulwant Singh
2526:
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2376:Donald Perera
2374:
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2159:
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2133:
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2128:
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2036:
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2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Vadamarachchi
2008:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1946:
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1933:
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1565:
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1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1529:. 1987-02-04.
1528:
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1476:
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1198:. 5 July 2007
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1007:
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985:
981:
980:
972:
968:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:Eelam War III
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
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837:
834:
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826:
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799:
793:
783:
781:
777:
773:
767:
765:
761:
757:
754:
750:
745:
741:
738:In 1987, the
736:
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
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703:
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691:
677:
674:
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602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
567:Jaffna lagoon
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
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520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
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500:
497:
495:
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487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
476:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
451:Eelam War III
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
433:
429:
428:
425:
420:
410:
405:
403:
398:
396:
391:
390:
387:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
364:Vadamarachchi
362:
360:
357:
356:
353:
348:
340:
335:
333:
328:
326:
321:
320:
317:
309:
299:
297:
294:
283:
280:
269:
268:
262:
257:
256:
251:
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234:
223:
222:
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220:
208:
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195:
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187:
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137:
132:
127:
116:
113:
105:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
66:
63: –
62:
61:"Eelam War I"
58:
57:Find sources:
51:
47:
41:
40:
35:This article
33:
29:
24:
23:
19:
2861:News stories
2798:Source texts
2712:Human rights
2564:Rajiv Gandhi
2538:Dalvir Singh
2465:Karuna Amman
2144:Major events
2120:Vidattaltivu
1982: /
1965:Eelam War II
1954:
1793:in the 1970s
1783:Black Tigers
1526:
1520:
1509:. Retrieved
1495:
1473:(1): 59–76.
1470:
1466:
1432:. Retrieved
1427:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1345:the original
1335:
1307:
1300:
1258:
1251:
1219:
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1191:
1182:
1154:
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1131:
1121:
1109:. Retrieved
1103:
1093:
1082:
1076:
1048:
1041:
1013:
1006:
978:
971:
942:Eelam War IV
932:Eelam War II
910:semi-trailer
904:unit of the
887:
868:
853:
849:
822:
795:
776:peacekeeping
768:
756:Rajiv Gandhi
737:
729:
706:
689:
688:
641:October 1995
611:Anuradhapura
532:Akkaraipattu
499:Sooriyakanda
456:Eelam War IV
446:Eelam War II
435:
346:
265:
209:
204:Belligerents
134:Part of the
108:
102:October 2014
99:
89:
82:
75:
68:
56:
44:Please help
39:verification
36:
2911:Tamil Eelam
2886:Eelam War I
2569:V. P. Singh
2455:Pottu Amman
2351:Dick Perera
2308:H. A. Silva
2105:Point Pedro
2090:A-9 highway
2070:Jayasikurui
2065:Vavunathivu
1955:Eelam War I
1731:Home Guards
1602:(1983–2009)
1428:Asian Times
825:LTTE ambush
735:peninsula.
690:Eelam War I
616:Aranthalawa
478:Mass graves
436:Eelam War I
430:Main topics
347:Eelam War I
129:Eelam War I
2880:Categories
2845:Quotations
2802:Wikisource
2786:Wiktionary
2678:Casualties
2655:War crimes
2115:Thoppigala
2085:Oddusuddan
2030:Balavegaya
1778:Sea Tigers
1773:Air Tigers
1673:Combatants
1664:Black July
1511:2007-07-19
1434:2007-07-18
1327:1000745010
1278:1200098709
1223:. London:
1174:1114504557
1068:1000745010
998:1030344604
963:References
819:Black July
813:Black July
717:Black July
711:patrol in
586:Allaipiddy
582:Nagerkovil
537:Prawn farm
512:Black July
160:1987-07-29
156:1983-07-23
72:newspapers
2849:Wikiquote
2818:Wikibooks
2814:Textbooks
2727:Non-state
2722:Terrorism
2688:Massacres
2635:Reactions
2606:Aftermath
2474:Political
2343:Air Force
2217:Sri Lanka
2060:Sath Jaya
1768:Divisions
1714:Air Force
1690:Sri Lanka
1487:154770852
1443:cite news
1351:7 October
1286:cite book
1243:876346345
1225:Routledge
1111:7 October
1084:Frontline
1033:845245192
829:Sinhalese
698:Sri Lanka
636:Kallarawa
506:Massacres
494:Mirusuvil
489:Duraiappa
219:Sri Lanka
178:Sri Lanka
2865:Wikinews
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916:See also
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1997:battles
1980:Eastern
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190:India
93:JSTOR
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1935:TMVP
1930:EPDP
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1843:list
1760:LTTE
1709:Navy
1703:LRRP
1699:Army
1652:1981
1647:1977
1637:1958
1632:1956
1449:link
1353:2014
1323:OCLC
1313:ISBN
1292:link
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1229:ISBN
1204:2022
1170:OCLC
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1139:2022
1113:2014
1064:OCLC
1054:ISBN
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1019:ISBN
994:OCLC
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833:mobs
798:LTTE
702:LTTE
146:Date
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