1454:
615:
1595:. The two women walked roughly 100 yards (91 m) to the gangway and boarded, at which point, SztĂĄray relaxed her hold on Elisabeth's arm. The Empress then lost consciousness and collapsed next to her. SztĂĄray called for a doctor, but only a former nurse, a fellow passenger, was available. The boat's captain, Captain Roux, was ignorant of Elisabeth's identity, and since it was very hot on deck, he advised the Countess to disembark and take her companion back to her hotel. However, the boat was already sailing out of the harbor. Three men carried the Empress to the top deck and laid her on a bench. SztĂĄray opened her dress and cut Elisabeth's corset laces so she could breathe. Elisabeth revived somewhat and when SztĂĄray asked her if she was in pain, she replied, "No". She then asked, "What has happened?" and lost consciousness again.
1933:
765:
430:
3056:
1693:, which still had the death penalty, signing the letter: "Luigi Lucheni, anarchist, and one of the most dangerous". Since Elisabeth was famous for preferring the common man to courtiers, known for her charitable works, and considered such a blameless target, Lucheni's sanity was questioned initially. He was declared to be sane, but was tried as a common murderer, not a political criminal. Incarcerated for life, and denied the opportunity to make a political statement by his action, he attempted to kill himself with the sharpened key from a tin of sardines on 20 February 1900. Ten years later, he hanged himself with his belt in his cell on the evening of 16 October 1910, after a guard confiscated his uncompleted memoirs.
3109:
1241:
1063:
1193:. Responsible for all of Elisabeth's ornate hairstyles, she generally accompanied her on her wanderings. Feifalik was forbidden to wear rings and required to wear white gloves; after hours of dressing, braiding, and pinning up the Empress' tresses, the hairs that fell out had to be presented in a silver bowl to the reproachful Empress for inspection. When her hair was washed with a combination of eggs and cognac once every two weeks, all activities and obligations were cancelled for that day. Before her son's death, she tasked Feifalik with tweezing gray hairs away, but at the end of her life her hair was described as "abundant, though streaked with silver threads".
308:
1739:
855:
7742:
757:
964:
3173:
1654:
1728:
820:
1477:
1021:
3190:
1485:
1669:. The weapon was found the next day by the concierge during his morning cleaning; he thought it belonged to a laborer who had moved the day before and did not notify the police of his discovery until the following day. There was no blood on the file and the tip was broken off, which occurred when Lucheni threw it away. The file was so dull in appearance it was speculated that it had been deliberately selected because it would be less noticeable than a shiny knife, which would have given Lucheni away as he approached. Lucheni had planned to purchase a
1599:
improvised from a sail, cushions and two oars. Fanny Mayer, the wife of the hotel's director, a visiting nurse, and the
Countess undressed Elisabeth and removed her shoes, at which point SztĂĄray noticed a few small drops of blood and a small wound. When they then removed her from the stretcher to the bed, she was clearly dead. Frau Mayer believed the two audible breaths she heard the Empress take as she was brought into the room were her last. Two doctors, Dr. Golay and Dr. Mayer arrived, along with a priest, who was too late to grant her
1810:
1167:
3130:
851:, and emotionally distant from her husband as she got older, she fled him as well as her duties at the Vienna court, avoiding them both as much as possible; as a means of escape from her life and her misery, Elisabeth embarked on a life of endless travel and saw little of her children. Franz Joseph indulged her wanderings, but constantly and unsuccessfully tried to tempt her into a more domestic life with him. Their correspondence increased during their last years, however, and their relationship became a warm friendship.
1257:
53:
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assure you that you are not dealing with a man desirous of playing a part at any price or striving for a position; on the contrary, he is risking his present position, which is a fine one. But approaching shipwreck, he, too, is prepared to do all in his power to save it; what he possesses – his understanding and influence in the country – he will lay at your feet. For the last time I beg you in Rudolf's name not to lose this, at the last moment...
1765:
547:
2892:. Unlike previous portrayals of Elisabeth as a one-dimensional fairytale princess, Hamann portrayed her as a bitter, unhappy woman full of self-loathing and suffering from various emotional and mental disorders. She was seen to have searched for happiness, but died a broken woman who never found it. Hamann's portrayal explored new facets of the legend of Sisi, as well as contemplating the role of women in high-level politics and dynasties.
660:
671:(1858â1889). The 101-gun salute announcing the news to Vienna also signaled an increase in her influence at court. This, combined with her sympathy toward Hungary, made Elisabeth an ideal mediator between the Hungarians and the Emperor. Her interest in politics had developed as she matured; she was liberal-minded, and placed herself decisively on the Hungarian side in the increasing conflict of nationalities within the empire.
933:
3088:
811:(1868â1924). Dubbed the "Hungarian child", she was born in Buda 10 months after her parents' coronation and baptised there in April. Determined to bring up this last child by herself, Elisabeth finally had her way. She poured all her repressed maternal feelings on her youngest daughter to the point of nearly smothering her. Sophie's influence over Elisabeth's children and the court faded, and she died in 1872.
1466:
689:...If you say 'No', if at the last moment you are no longer willing to listen to disinterested counsels. Then... you will be relieved forever from my future... and nothing will remain to me but the consciousness that whatever may happen, I shall be able to say honestly to Rudolf one day: "I did everything in my power. Your misfortunes are not on my conscience."
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dull court protocol through frequent walking and riding, using her health as an excuse to avoid both official obligations and sexual intimacy. Preserving her youthful appearance was also an important influence in her avoidance of pregnancies: "Children are the curse of a woman, for when they come, they drive away Beauty, which is the best gift of the gods."
1208:'Hairdressing takes almost two hours,' she said, 'and while my hair is busy, my mind stays idle. I am afraid that my mind escapes through the hair and onto the fingers of my hairdresser. Hence my headache afterwards.' The Empress sat at a table which was moved to the middle of the room and covered with a white cloth. She was shrouded in a white, laced
1146:. On one occasion in 1878, the Empress astonished her travelling companions when she unexpectedly visited a restaurant incognito, where she drank champagne, ate a broiled chicken and an Italian salad, and finished with a "considerable quantity of cake". She may have satisfied her urge to binge in secret on other occasions; in 1881, she purchased an
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quickly and very little. Whenever her weight threatened to exceed 50 kilos, a "fasting cure" or "hunger cure" would follow, which involved almost complete fasting. Meat itself often filled her with disgust, so she either had the juice of half-raw beefsteaks squeezed into a thin soup, or else adhered to a diet of milk and eggs.
651:, which would haunt her for the rest of her life. She turned away from her living daughter and began to neglect her. In December 1857, Elisabeth became pregnant for the third time, and her mother, who had been concerned about her daughter's physical and mental health, hoped that this new pregnancy would help her recover.
1059:", probably to hold up under the stress of such strenuous lacing, "a proceeding which sometimes took quite an hour". The fact that "she only wore them for a few weeks" may indicate that even leather proved inadequate for her needs. Elisabeth's defiant flaunting of this exaggerated dimension angered her mother-in-law.
1957:. Two versions of the stars were created: a second type without a pearl center, was designed by court jeweller Rozet & Fischmeister; some stars were given to ladies of the court. One set of 27 diamond stars was kept in the Imperial family and it is seen in a photograph that shows the dowry of Rudolf's daughter,
1609:
When Franz Joseph received the telegram informing him of
Elisabeth's death, his first fear was that her death was caused by suicide. It was only when a later message arrived, detailing the assassination, that he was reassured on that point. The telegram asked permission to perform an autopsy, and the
1232:
or crushed strawberries lined her nightly leather facial mask. She was also heavily massaged, and often slept with cloths soaked in either violet- or cider-vinegar above her hips to preserve her slim waist; her neck was wrapped with cloths soaked in
Kummerfeld-toned washing water. To further preserve
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Rudolf was now four years old, and Franz Joseph hoped for another son to safeguard the succession. Fischer claimed that the health of the
Empress would not permit another pregnancy, and she would need to visit Kissingen regularly for a cure. Elisabeth fell into her old pattern of escaping boredom and
597:
Her mother-in-law is generally considered to be the source of the malicious pamphlet although there is no evidence supporting that claim. The accusation of political meddling referred to
Elisabeth's influence on her husband regarding his Italian and Hungarian subjects. When she traveled to Italy with
592:
this should be the end of her ambition – she should by no means meddle with the government of an Empire, the care of which is not a task for women... If the Queen bears no sons, she is merely a foreigner in the State, and a very dangerous foreigner, too. For as she can never hope to be
525:
Helene was a pious, quiet young woman, and while she and Franz Joseph felt ill at ease in each other's company, he was instantly infatuated with her younger sister. He did not propose to Helene, but instead, he defied his mother and informed her that if he could not have
Elisabeth, he would not marry
501:
to receive his formal proposal of marriage. Ludovika also had the then-15-year-old Sisi accompany them for several reasons. Firstly, Sisi had been mourning the recent death of the young Count she had loved, and had fallen into a lengthy depression. Ludovika hoped the change of scenery would cheer her
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had organized
Elisabeth's protection, but she had detected his officers outside the hotel the day before the assassination and protested that the surveillance was disagreeable, so Virieux had no choice but to withdraw them. It is also possible that if Elisabeth had not dismissed her other attendants
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On
Wednesday morning, the body was carried back to Vienna aboard a funeral train. The inscription on her coffin read, "Elisabeth, Empress of Austria". The Hungarians were outraged, and the words, "and Queen of Hungary" were hastily added. The entire empire was in deep mourning; eighty-two sovereigns
1585:
I am an anarchist by conviction... I came to Geneva to kill a sovereign, with object of giving an example to those who suffer and those who do nothing to improve their social position; it did not matter to me who the sovereign was whom I should kill... It was not a woman I struck, but an
Empress; it
686:
I have just had an interview with AndrĂĄssy. He set forth his views clearly and plainly. I quite understood them and arrived at the conclusion that if you would trust him – and trust him entirely – we might still be saved, not only
Hungary, but the monarchy, too... I can
1428:
Almost all of the 10 companions who traveled with Elisabeth during her various journeys were in their mid-twenties and of Greek origin. The most famous one was Constantin Christomanos, a future playwright and theater director, whose memoirs of Elisabeth were banned by the Viennese court. The others
1703:
Elisabeth's will stipulated that a large part of her jewel collection should be sold and the proceeds (then estimated at over ÂŁ600,000), were to be applied to various religious and charitable organizations. Everything else that the Empress had the power to bequeath, outside of the crown jewels and
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As Geneva shuttered itself in mourning, Elisabeth's body was placed in a triple coffin: two inner ones of lead, the third exterior one in bronze, reposing on lion claws. On Tuesday, before the coffins were sealed, Franz Joseph's official representatives arrived to identify the body. The coffin was
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Countess SztĂĄray noticed a small brown stain above the left breast of the Empress. Alarmed that Elisabeth had not recovered consciousness, she informed the captain of her identity, and the boat turned back to Geneva. Elisabeth was carried back to the HĂŽtel Beau-Rivage by six sailors on a stretcher
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In deep mourning after her daughter Sophie's death, Elisabeth refused to eat for days – a behavior that would reappear in later periods of melancholy and depression. Whereas she previously had supper with the family, she now began to avoid this; and if she did eat with them, she ate
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The Empress slept very little and spent hours reading and writing at night, and even took up smoking, a shocking habit for women, which made her the further subject of already-avid gossip. She had a special interest in history, philosophy, and literature, and developed a profound reverence for the
610:
for the first time with her husband and two daughters, and it left a deep and lasting impression upon her, which many historians attribute to the fact that in Hungary, she found a welcome respite from the constraints of Austrian court life. It was "the first time that Elisabeth had met with men of
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Although Lucheni boasted that he acted alone, because many political refugees found a haven in Switzerland, the possibility that he was part of a plot and that the life of the Emperor was also in danger was considered. Once it was discovered that an Italian was responsible for Elisabeth's murder,
1216:
Elisabeth used cosmetics and perfume sparingly, as she wished to showcase her natural beauty. On the other hand, to preserve her beauty, she tested countless beauty products prepared either in the court pharmacy or by a lady-in-waiting in her own apartments. She appeared to favor "CrĂšme CĂ©leste"
772:
After having used every excuse to avoid pregnancy, Elisabeth later decided that she wanted a fourth child. Her decision was at once a deliberate personal choice and a political negotiation: by returning to the marriage, she ensured that Hungary, with which she felt an intense emotional alliance,
1952:
Diamond Pearl known as the Sisi Star, a 10-pointed star of diamonds fanning out around one enormous pearl from an exhibit at the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna commemorating the 100th anniversary of her assassination. It was one of approximately 27 jewel-encrusted pieces designed and made by court
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for a cure. Elisabeth recovered quickly at the spa, but instead of returning home to assuage the gossip about her absence, she spent more time with her own family in Bavaria. She returned in August 1862, shortly before her husband's birthday, but immediately suffered from a violent migraine and
1174:
She is known as one of the most beautiful and famous women of 19th century Europe. In addition to her rigorous exercise regimen, Elisabeth practiced demanding beauty routines. Daily care of her abundant and extremely long hair, which in time turned from the dark blonde of her youth to chestnut
716:
Elisabeth seized on the excuse and left her husband and children, to spend the winter in seclusion. Six months later, a mere four days after her return to Vienna, she again experienced coughing fits and fever. She ate hardly anything and slept badly, and Ć koda observed a recurrence of her lung
2274:
In early dramatizations, Elisabeth appears as peripheral to her husband and son, and so is always shown as a mature character. Schneider's characterization of Elisabeth as a young woman is the first time the "young" Empress is seen on screen. The trilogy was the first to explicitly depict the
2664:. Like the 1997 animated series, this film portrays the romantic mythology surrounding the unhappy marriage of Elisabeth and Franz Joseph, but the political problems of the empire and the personal troubles of the main characters are dealt with in much better detail than in many other dramas.
509:
The Duchesses traveled from Munich in several coaches, but arrived later because Ludovika who was prone to migraines had to interrupt the journey to allow her time to recover. The coaches got separated and the one with their gala dresses never arrived. On their way to Bad Ischl, they visited
1622:. Because of the sharpness and thinness of the file, the wound was very narrow and, due to pressure from Elisabeth's extremely tight corseting, the hemorrhage of blood into the pericardial sac around the heart was slowed to mere drops. Until this sac filled (a medical emergency known as
593:
looked on kindly here, and must always expect to be sent back whence she came, so will she always seek to win the King by other than natural means; she will struggle for position and power by intrigue and the sowing of discord, to the mischief of the King, the nation, and the Empire...
1153:
It has been suggested by historians that these habits indicate a restrictive eating disorder. Walter Vandereycken, a professor of psychology, has stated that: "numerous documents repeatedly describe her considerable fear of weight gain and the psychopathological changes specific for
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romantic myth of Sissi, and ends abruptly with her determination to live a private life. Any further exploration of the topic would have been at odds with the accepted image of the loving wife, devoted mother, and benevolent empress. The three films, newly restored, are shown every
725:, abating when she was removed from her husband and her duties, her eating habits were definitely causing physical problems as well. In 1862, she had not seen Vienna for about a year when her family physician, Fischer of Munich, examined her and observed serious anemia and signs of
1626:), the beating of her heart was not impeded, which is why the Empress had been able to walk from the site of the assault and up the boat's boarding ramp. Had the weapon not been removed, she would have lived a while longer, as it would have acted like a plug to stop the bleeding.
573:(1855â1857), just 10 months after her wedding. The elder Archduchess Sophie, who often referred to Elisabeth as "a silly young mother", not only named the child after herself without consulting the mother, but she took complete charge of the baby, refusing to allow Elisabeth to
1680:
An outcry also immediately erupted over the lack of protection for the Empress. The Swiss police had been well aware of her presence, and telegrams to the appropriate authorities advising them to take all precautions had been dispatched. Police Chief Virieux of the Canton of
1090:
hoop skirts, but when fashion began to change, she was at the forefront of abandoning the hoop skirt for a tighter and leaner silhouette. She disliked both expensive accoutrements and the protocol that dictated constant changes of clothing, preferring simple, monochromatic
506:, Franz Joseph's second younger brother, would also be joining the Imperial family. Karl Ludwig and Sisi had formed a close friendship in childhood, exchanging letters and gifts. Her mother hoped them seeing each other again would end with a possible engagement for Sisi.
2079:, this is probably the darkest portrayal of the Empress' life. It portrayed Elisabeth bringing a physical manifestation of death with her to the imperial court, thus destroying the Habsburg dynasty. The leading role in the premiere was originated by Dutch musical singer
611:
character in Franz Joseph's realm, and she became acquainted with an aristocratic independence that scorned to hide its sentiments behind courtly forms of speech... She felt her innermost soul reach out in sympathy to the proud, steadfast people of this land..."
1603:. Mayer incised the artery of her left arm to ascertain death and found no blood. She was pronounced dead at 2:10 p.m. Everyone knelt down and prayed for the repose of her soul, and Countess SztĂĄray closed Elisabeth's eyes and joined her hands.
642:
This same trip proved tragic when both of Elisabeth's daughters became ill. While Gisela recovered quickly, two-year-old Sophie grew steadily weaker before finally succumbing to her illness and dying. It is generally assumed today that she died of
1914:, on the Greek island of Corfu, a fountain is named after Elisabeth. The Empress had donated the "Fountain under the Sycamores" for the locals. It was festively inaugurated in 1894 by the church dignitaries and later named "Elisabeth Fountain".
630:
notes that Elisabeth's picture was "framed on desks and tables and grand pianos", and that her love for Hungary and the Hungarians "was returned with interest and still declared, thirty-six years after her assassination, with all the ardour of
1048:, her sexual withdrawal from her husband after three pregnancies in rapid succession, and her losing battle with her mother-in-law for dominance in rearing her children, she reduced her waist to 40 cm (16 inches) in circumference.
741:
She was now more assertive in her defiance of her husband and mother-in-law than before, openly opposing them on the subject of the military education of Rudolf, who, like his mother, was extremely sensitive and not suited to life at court.
400:. The palace featured an elaborate mythological motif and served as a refuge, which Elisabeth visited often. She was obsessively concerned with maintaining her youthful figure and beauty, developing a restrictive diet and wearing extremely
369:, improved Elisabeth's standing at court, but her health suffered under the strain. As a result, she would often visit Hungary for its more relaxed environment. She came to develop a deep kinship with Hungary and helped to bring about the
678:, who also was rumored to be her lover. Whenever difficult negotiations broke off between the Hungarians and the court, she assisted in resuming them. During these protracted dealings, she suggested to the emperor that AndrĂĄssy be made
1074:
reported that "she eats properly, sleeps well, and does not tight-lace anymore", her clothing from this time until her death still measured only 47â49.5 cm (18âÂœâ19âÂœ inches) around the waist, which prompted the Prince of
1032:
At 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in), Elisabeth was unusually tall for her time. Through fasting and exercise such as gymnastics and riding, she maintained her weight at approximately 50 kg (110 pounds) for most of her life.
999:
in 1897. After Rudolf's death she was thought to have dressed only in black for the rest of her life, although a light blue and cream dress discovered by The Hofburg's Sisi Museum dates to this time. To compound her losses, Count
1418:". She also refused to meet European monarchs when she did not feel like it. On her high-speed walking tours, which lasted several hours, she was mostly accompanied by her Greek language tutors or her ladies-in-waiting. Countess
1004:
died on 18 February 1890. "My last and only friend is dead," she lamented. Elisabeth's youngest daughter Marie Valerie declared, "...she clung to him with true and steadfast friendship as she did perhaps, to no other person."
522:, so they were dressed in black and unable to don more suitable clothing before meeting the young Emperor. While black did not suit 18-year-old Helene's dark coloring, it made her younger sister's blonder looks more striking.
1590:
After Lucheni struck her, Elisabeth collapsed. A coach driver helped her to her feet and alerted the Austrian concierge of the Beau-Rivage, a man named Planner, who had been watching the progress the Empress made toward the
1613:
The autopsy was performed the next day by Golay, who discovered that the weapon, which had not yet been found, had penetrated 3.33 inches (85 mm) into Elisabeth's thorax, fractured the fourth rib, pierced the lung and
838:
Franz Joseph was passionately in love with his wife, but they had a very complex relationship. He was a stolid and sober man, a political conservative who was still guided by his mother and her adherence to the strict
1383:), which had become very popular with the fashion-crazed crowd. Newspapers also reported on a series of reputed lovers. Although there is no verifiable evidence of her having an affair, one of her alleged lovers was
1137:
In the last years of her life, Elisabeth became even more restless and obsessive, weighing herself up to three times a day. She regularly took steam baths to prevent weight gain; by 1894, she had wasted away to near
6796:
803:. In the next year, Elisabeth lived primarily there, leaving her neglected and resentful Austrian subjects to trade rumors that if the infant she was expecting were a son, she would name him Stephen, after the
696:
Due to her nervous attacks, fasting cures, severe exercise regime, and frequent fits of coughing, the state of her health had become so alarming that in October 1860, she was reported to suffer not only from
2087:
went on to become the most successful German-language musical of all time and has enjoyed numerous productions around the world, but has not been adapted for an English-speaking audience as of June 2024.
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1429:
were the lawyer Nikos Thermoyanis, Roussos Roussopoulos, who thanks to Elisabeth became an honorary consul in Budapest, Constantin Manos, who became a resistance fighter against the Turks in Crete, and
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1228:
Her night and bedtime rituals were just as demanding. Elisabeth slept without a pillow on a metal bedstead, which she believed was better for retaining and maintaining her upright posture; either raw
1712:
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1965:
in 1902. The Star was recovered by Canadian Police in 2007 and eventually returned to Austria. Although Blanchard possessed the priceless jewel, no one was ever formally charged with stealing it.
1079:
to describe her as "almost inhumanly slender". She developed a horror of fat women and transmitted this attitude to her youngest daughter, who was terrified when, as a little girl, she first met
2770:(1867â1911), who served as Elisabeth's modern Greek language tutor from 1891 to 1893 and escorted her during her stay in Corfu, published his memoirs of her shortly after her death, in his 1899
471:
in the summer months, far from the protocols of court. Sisi and her siblings grew up in an unrestrained, unstructured environment; she often skipped her lessons to go riding in the countryside.
566:. Within a few weeks, Elisabeth started to display health problems. She experienced fits of coughing and became anxious and frightened whenever she had to descend a narrow or steep staircase.
2380:) wears an elaborate white/silver ball gown in her first leading role, with diamond stars in her long, dark hair. The ensemble is modeled after Elisabethâs attire and hairstyle in the iconic
878:'s Fairy Queen, Elisabeth expressed her intimate thoughts and desires in a large number of romantic poems, which served as a type of secret diary. Most of her poetry relates to her journeys,
2787:
in 2022. His book is both an accurate historical account of Elisabeth's travels to Greece and a very personal portrait of her character and her special relationship with the Greek people.
2468:
2381:
2774:(Diary Pages). Although he portrayed Elisabeth in an idealistic favourable manner, as a fairytale princess come to life, his book greatly displeased the Imperial Court that declared him
4391:
Vandereycken, W., & Abatzi, T. (1996). Das anorektische Leben der Kaiserin Elisabeth von Osterreich (1837â1898). Schlankheitskult im Hause Habsburg . Der Nervenarzt, 67(7), 608â613.
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1422:, her last lady-in-waiting, describes the reclusive and highly sensitive Empress as a natural, liberal and modest character, as a good listener and keen observer with great intellect.
1562:", he had stabbed Elisabeth with a sharpened needle file that was 4 inches (100 mm) long (used to file the eyes of industrial needles) that he had inserted into a wooden handle.
1689:
Lucheni was brought before the Geneva Court in October. Furious that the death sentence had been abolished there, he demanded that he be tried according to the laws of the Canton of
1629:
Golay photographed the wound but turned the photograph over to the Swiss Procurator-General, who had it destroyed, on the orders of Franz Joseph, along with the autopsy instruments.
626:, Elisabeth felt such an affinity for them that she began to learn Hungarian. In turn, the country reciprocated in its adoration of her. Writing about his visit to Hungary in 1934,
1677:
unrest swept Vienna and reprisals were threatened against Italians. The intensity of shock, mourning, and outrage far exceeded that which occurred at the news of Rudolf's death.
584:
The fact that she had not produced a male heir made Elisabeth increasingly unwanted in the palace. One day, she found a pamphlet on her desk with the following words underlined:
1353:. Emperor Franz Joseph was hoping that his wife would finally settle down at the Achilleion, but she soon lost interest in the fairytale property. The building was purchased by
2329:
2783:
Drawing on Christomanos's diaries and so far unpublished sources from Greece's national archives, Austrian anthropologist and journalist Stefan Haderer published his book
2685:. In 2018 after airing two seasons totalling 56 episodes (26 minutes each, with 52 shorter 11âminute episodes slated for its 3D third season) it sold its second season to
1665:
After the attack, Lucheni fled down the Rue des Alpes, where he threw the file into the entrance to No. 3. He was caught by two cabdrivers and a sailor, then secured by a
3834:
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brunette, took at least three hours. Her hair was so long and heavy that she often complained that the weight of the elaborate double braids and pins gave her headaches.
1170:
Portrait of Elisabeth depicting her long hair. Made by Franz Xaver Winterhalter in 1865, it was supposedly one of Emperor Franz Joseph's favourite paintings of his wife.
392:
in 1889 was a blow from which the Empress never recovered. She withdrew from court duties and travelled widely, unaccompanied by her family. In 1890, she had the palace
357:
court life, for which she was unprepared and which she found suffocating. Early in the marriage, she was at odds with her mother-in-law, who was also her maternal aunt,
1134:, she could no longer endure long hours in the saddle, she substituted with walking, subjecting her attendants to interminable marches and hiking tours in all weather.
2348:
1201:
1099:
or any other "underlinen", as they added bulk, and was often literally sewn into her clothes, to bypass waistbands, creases, and wrinkles and to further emphasize the
1008:
The Mayerling incident increased public interest in Elisabeth, and she continued to be an icon and a sensation in her own right wherever she went. She carried a white
8251:
5719:
2760:
1686:
that day, an entourage larger than one lady-in-waiting could have discouraged Lucheni, who had been following the Empress for several days, awaiting an opportunity.
3306:
2042:. Although the pet name of the empress was always spelled "Sisi", never "Sissi", this incorrect version of her name persisted in the works about her that followed.
1926:
8231:
2698:
1332:. About her travels, she commented: "If I arrived at a place and knew that I could never leave it again, the whole stay would become hell despite being paradise".
1558:
announced the departure, Lucheni seemed to stumble and made a movement with his hand, as if he wanted to maintain his balance. In reality, however, in an act of "
486:("Néné"). Although the couple had never met, Franz Joseph's obedience was taken for granted by the Archduchess, who was once described as "the only man in the
1414:
On her journeys, Elisabeth sought to avoid all public attention and crowds of people. She was mostly travelling incognito, using pseudonyms like "Countess of
2939:
1700:, "That a man could be found to attack such a woman, whose whole life was spent in doing good and who never injured any person, is to me incomprehensible".
4023:
1179:
5375:
1130:
in her 50s with equal discipline. She rode every day for hours on end, becoming a skilled horsewoman, possibly the best-known of her time. When, due to
8276:
7547:
1780:
1248:
Elisabeth had an aversion to being photographed, especially later in her life, and was quick with a fan or sunshade to prevent her portrait being taken.
3490:
1566:
1453:
1055:
types, fastening up the front with hooks and eyes, but Elisabeth had more rigid, solid-front ones made in Paris out of leather, "like those of Parisian
8256:
1430:
551:
353:
but enjoyed an informal upbringing before marrying her first cousin, Emperor Franz Joseph I, at 16. The marriage thrust her into the much more formal
1425:
While in Greece during her travels at the age of 51 (1888), Elisabeth became tattooed with an anchor on her shoulder to reflect her love of the sea.
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is a condensed version, with the three films edited down into one feature and dubbed in English. This version was released in North America in 1962.
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2153:(who played her younger self at the age of 62), and starred Carla Nelsen as the title character. The film later achieved notoriety when a group of
482:, preferring a niece to a stranger for her daughter-in-law, arranged a meeting between her son and her sister Princess Ludovika's eldest daughter,
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After enjoying an informal, unstructured childhood, Elisabeth, who was shy and introverted by nature, and more so among the stifling formality of
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Elisabeth was an emotionally complex woman, and perhaps due to the melancholy and eccentricity that was considered a given characteristic of her
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463:. Maximilian was considered peculiar; he loved circuses and traveled the Bavarian countryside to escape his duties. The family's homes were the
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1437:. The last tutor who accompanied the Empress was the English-Greek Frederic Barker. He also served as a middleman for negotiations to sell the
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1445:. On her voyages, Empress Elisabeth was also attended by a Swedish therapist, Arvid Ludvig Kellgren, to whom she even wrote romantic poetry.
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2905:. The novel concerns a circus traveling through Europe at the close of the 19th century, and portrays Elisabeth's interest in circuses and
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In the German and Italian-speaking world, Elisabeth's name is often associated with a trilogy of romantic films about her life directed by
729:. Her feet were sometimes so swollen that she could walk only laboriously, and with the support of others. On medical advice, she went to
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ceremony regarding both his public and domestic life, whereas Elisabeth inhabited a different world altogether. Restless to the point of
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1142:, reaching her lowest point of 43.5 kg (95.7 lbs). There were some aberrations in Elisabeth's diet that appear to be signs of
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910:), she was interested in the treatment of the mentally ill. In 1871, when the Emperor asked her what she would like as a gift for her
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713:. During this time, the court was rife with malicious rumors that Franz Joseph was having a liaison with an actress named Frau Roll.
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1577:. Failing to find him, the assassin selected Elisabeth when a Geneva newspaper revealed that the elegant woman traveling under the
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Fellner, Sabine/Unterreiner, Katrin, RosenblĂŒte und Schneckenschleim , excerpt, Kurier (Vienna) â Health, 24 November 2006, p. 17.
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centers around the shooting of a fictitious film about Elisabeth. The role of the actress portraying the Empress was played by
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Journalist Jennifer Bowers Bahney wrote the non-fiction narrative of the theft of the Koechert diamond and pearl jewel titled
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2587:(1994) revolves around a deluded woman affected by the myth of the Empress. The episode, appropriately, is entitled, "Sisi."
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vomited four times en route, which might support a theory that some of her complaints were stress-related and psychosomatic.
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of Hungary as part of a compromise, and in a forceful attempt to bring the two men together, strongly admonished her husband:
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In December 2014, to coincide with the presentation of the Pre-Fall 2015 "Metier d'arts" collection by luxury fashion house
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The book and its disappearance form part of the goings-on that drive the various family members and guests to distraction.
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at a ball at the end of the story, in which Flashman has helped prevent her husband the Emperor from being assassinated.
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The empress developed extremely rigorous and disciplined exercise habits. Every castle she lived in was equipped with a
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Elisabeth never recovered from the tragedy, sinking further into melancholy. Within ten years, she had lost her father,
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Maura E. Hametz and Heidi Schlipphacke: 'Sissi's World: The Empress Elisabeth in Memory and Myth' (Bloomsbury: 2018) (
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Elisabeth used these captive hours during grooming to learn languages; she spoke fluent English and French, and added
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on Rudolf's part. The scandal was known as the "Mayerling incident" after the location of Rudolf's hunting lodge in
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Early in her marriage she was surprised to learn that she was pregnant; she gave birth to her first child, daughter
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Sign reads "Here Empress Elisabeth of Austria was assassinated on 10 September 1898" in Geneva, Switzerland (2022)
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and in return, he saw that Franz Joseph and Elisabeth were officially crowned King and Queen of Hungary in June.
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at all. Five days later, their betrothal was officially announced. The couple were married eight months later in
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A heavily fictionalized version of Elisabeth's younger years is portrayed in a 1997 animated children's series,
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and had a spiral staircase built from her sitting room into the kitchen, so that she could reach it in private.
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2308:. A portrait of Schneider in this film was the only one, taken from her roles, which is displayed in her home.
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1880:, houses the Empress Elizabeth Museum. The Empress's specially built railway sleeping car is on display at the
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In 1898, despite warnings of possible assassination attempts, the 60-year-old Elisabeth traveled incognito to
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1044:. During the peak period of 1859â60, which coincided with Franz-Joseph's political and military defeats in
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When Elisabeth was still blocked from controlling her son's upbringing and education, she openly rebelled.
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Alas de gaviota. Diario poĂ©tico de Elisabeth von Wittelsbach, emperatriz de Austria & reina de HungrĂa
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A la mémoire de sa majesté l'impératrice et reine Elisabeth en souvenir de ses nombreux séjours à Montreux
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in Hungary (which used to be one town at the time when it was built in 1892), is named after the Empress.
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fitted with two glass panels, covered with doors, which could be slid back to allow her face to be seen.
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focuses on Empress Elisabeth's life following her 40th birthday celebrations. The film premiered at the
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Stefan Haderer: "Where an Empress used to lodge: Imperial Residences of Empress Elisabeth of Austria",
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Empress Elisabeth with her two children and a portrait of the late Archduchess Sophie Friederike (1858)
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4139:"The Austro-Hungarian Compromise, 1867â1918: A Half Century of Diagnosis; Fifty Years of Post-Mortem"
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was fitted with gigantic mirrors so that she could correct every movement and position. She took up
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Chauviere, Emily, "The Marriage of Emperor Francis Joseph and Elisabeth of Austria", 12 August 2011
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was one of the first films to focus entirely on Elisabeth. It was co-written by Elisabeth's niece,
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1441:. After Elisabeth's death, Barker continued to stay in touch with the imperial family and became a
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2757:(Bobbs-Merrill, 1937); one of five biographies by Harding about members of the Habsburg dynasty.
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jeweler Jakob Heinrich Köchert for her to wear in her hair, which appears in a portrait of her by
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1375:, diet and exercise regimens, and fashion sense. She often shopped at the Budapest fashion house,
647:. Her death pushed Elisabeth, who was already prone to bouts of melancholy, into periods of heavy
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Various residences that Elisabeth frequented are preserved and open to the public, including her
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581:(1856â1932), was born a year later, the Archduchess took this baby away from Elisabeth as well.
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She tried to make a name for herself by writing Heine-inspired poetry. Referring to herself as
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1925:) named after her were recently selected as a main motif for a high value collector coin, the
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her skin tone, she took both a cold shower every morning (which in later years aggravated her
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wrote an historical novel about Elisabeth and her marriage to Emperor Franz Joseph entitled
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and high-ranking nobles followed her funeral cortege on the morning of 17 September to the
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Stealing Sisi's Star: How a master thief nearly got away with Austria's most famous jewel,
5499:"Soberanas y princesas condecoradas con la Gran Cruz de San Carlos el 10 de Abril de 1865"
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Stealing Sisi's Star: How a Master Thief Nearly Got Away with Austria's Most Famous Jewel
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Stealing Sisi's Star: How a Master Thief Nearly Got Away with Austria's Most Famous Jewel
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Vandereycken, Walter & Van Deth, Ron, "The Anorectic Empress: Elisabeth of Austria",
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Stealing Sisi's Star: How a Master Thief Nearly Got Away with Austria's Most Famous Jewel
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Stealing Sisi's Star: How a Master Thief Nearly Got Away with Austria's Most Famous Jewel
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1395:. He had been named as the probable lover of Lady Henrietta Blanche Hozier and father of
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After her son's death, she commissioned a palace on the Island of Corfu which she named "
1312:. The Empress also visited countries not usually visited by European royals at the time:
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The song "SiSi" by the Scottish band Washington Irving is inspired by Elisabeth's life.
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and forced him to resign his university teaching position in Vienna and leave Austria.
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on Austrian, German, Dutch, and French television. In 2007, the films were released as
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2531:, tells the story of Empress Elisabeth from the point of view of her lady-in-waiting,
1757:, there is an elaborate memorial monument featuring a seated statue of the Empress by
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lineage (the best-known member of the family being her favorite cousin, the eccentric
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court life, had difficulty adapting to the Hofburg and its rigid protocols and strict
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The Empress haunts a deadly Christmas house party in the form of a chatty biography,
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In her youth, Elisabeth followed the fashions of the age, which for many years were
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Where an Empress used to lodge: Imperial residences of Empress Elisabeth of Austria
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2721:. As of March 2023, it is available in the United States on the streaming platform
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1661:. On the other side of Franz Josef's tomb is that of their son, Crown Prince Rudolf
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made of leather in addition to a concealing fan to hide her face from the curious.
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2287:. Schneider came to loathe the role, claiming, "Sissi sticks to me like porridge (
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started selling stills from the murder scene as actual photographs of the crime.
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30:"Elisabeth of Bavaria" redirects here. For other people with the same name, see
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and connecting Buda with Pest, first constructed in 1903, was named after her.
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There are several statues of Empress Elisabeth in Slovakia: a bronze statue by
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Coronation of Franz Joseph and Elisabeth as Apostolic King and Queen of Hungary
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Empress Elisabeth's tomb next to that of her husband Franz Joseph in Vienna's
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him, he granted amnesty to a number of political prisoners at her suggestion.
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Princess Ludovika and Duchess Helene were invited to journey to the resort of
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4790:"Empress Elizabeth Museum Possenhofen, Sisi Museum, Lake Starnberg, Bavaria"
2459:. During a dream sequence, the duo sing a song written by Williams entitled
1696:
Franz Joseph remarked to Prince Liechtenstein, who was the couple's devoted
1610:
response was that whatever procedures were prescribed should be adhered to.
1469:
An artist's rendition of the stabbing of Elisabeth by the Italian anarchist
858:
Empress Elisabeth and Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria young couple c. 1855
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Elisabeth was portrayed in episode 1 of the 1974 British television series
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wrote a play about an imagined meeting between Elisabeth and her assassin,
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1212:, her hair, unfastened and reaching to the floor, enfolded her entire body.
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TagebuchblÀtter : Erinnerungen des Hauslehrers der Kaiserin Elisabeth
1936:
Empress Elisabeth of Austria in Courtly Gala Dress with Diamond Stars, by
1713:
International Conference of Rome for the Social Defense Against Anarchists
1536:, she insisted that they walk without the other members of her entourage.
768:
Empress Elisabeth in the Hungarian coronation dress and rose diadem (1867)
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YouTube: Inner visit to Sisi Museum in Hofburg Palace, Vienna (min. 3:30)
5971:
The Sporting Empress: The Story of Elizabeth of Austria and Bay Middleton
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portrayed an older Elisabeth in the 2006 television dramatization of the
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The reluctant empress : a biography of Empress Elisabeth of Austria
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1507:
At 1:35 p.m. on Saturday 10 September 1898, Elisabeth and Countess
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Clash of Generations: A Habsburg Family Drama in the Nineteenth Century
5338:
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4162:
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Emperor Francis Joseph: Life, Death and the Fall of the Habsburg Empire
3030:), was founded in 1903 by Emperor Franz Joseph in memory of Elisabeth.
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721:, where she improved almost immediately. If her illnesses were mostly
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Franz Joseph and Elisabeth: The Last Great Monarchs of Austria-Hungary
1989:
1985:
1821:
A large number of chapels were named in her honour, connecting her to
1433:, a future sportsman and co-founder of the famous Greek football club
914:, she listed a young tiger and a medallion, but: "...a fully equipped
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Web site of the Italian biographer Matteo Tuveri: www.matteotuveri.it
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and dedicated in 1998 on the 100th anniversary of the assassination.
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was converted into one, mats and balance beams were installed in her
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Elisabeth emphasised her extreme slenderness through the practice of
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In 1889, Elisabeth's life was shattered by the death of her only son
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Unterreiner, Katrin, Sisi â Mythos und Wahrheit , BrandstĂ€tter, 2005
2738:, centering on Sisi's life, she is played by Turkish-German actress
1981:
1977:
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5104:"Katrin Gebbe and Florian Cossen preparing The Empress for Netflix"
4559:
4099:
The real Francis-Joseph: the private life of the emperor of Austria
2934:
Elisabeth's youth and early adult life are dramatized in the novel
2682:
2581:
The season five finale of the Austrian detective television series
2112:
with her son Prince Rudolf, the principal character in the ballet.
2035:
1996:
1973:
1911:
1892:
1784:
1776:
1769:
1670:
1551:
1529:
1458:
1415:
1344:
1225:), but also used a wide variety of other facial tonics and waters.
1209:
1131:
1009:
968:
911:
800:
659:
559:
361:, who took over the rearing of Elisabeth's daughters, one of whom,
354:
101:
5904:
Matteo Tuveri: "Elizabeth of Austria: A Beauvoirian perspective",
5828:
The Reluctant Empress: A Biography of Empress Elisabeth of Austria
4236:
The Reluctant Empress: A Biography of Empress Elisabeth of Austria
4221:
The Spirit of Hungary: A Panorama of Hungarian History and Culture
4083:
The Spirit of Hungary: A Panorama of Hungarian History and Culture
4010:
The Spirit of Hungary: A Panorama of Hungarian History and Culture
3997:
The Spirit of Hungary: A Panorama of Hungarian History and Culture
2890:
The Reluctant Empress: A Biography of Empress Elisabeth of Austria
2038:
was written by Ernst and Hubert Marischka, with orchestrations by
419:. Her tenure of 44 years was the longest of any Austrian empress.
411:
in 1898, Elisabeth was fatally stabbed in the heart by an Italian
7596:
5933:
Specchi ad angoli obliqui. Diario poetico di Elisabetta d'Austria
5858:
Golden Fleece: The Story of Franz Joseph and Elisabeth of Austria
4738:"In memoriam Elisabeth, Impératrice d'Autriche, Reine de Hongrie"
4403:"The Beauty Rituals of 19th Century Empress Elisabeth of Austria"
3023:
2686:
2642:
2004:
1888:
1841:
1697:
1690:
1317:
1313:
1285:
1127:
1115:
1111:
932:
710:
679:
487:
271:
5765:
The Royal Diaries: Elisabeth, The Princess Bride (Austria, 1853)
4696:. Cambridge University Press. 5 December 2013. p. 131â184.
791:
As a coronation gift, Hungary presented the royal couple with a
550:
The young Elisabeth shortly after becoming Austrian Empress, by
5608:
Burke's Royal Families of the World: Europe & Latin America
5508:(in Spanish), National Digital Newspaper Library of Mexico: 347
2638:
2440:
2403:
2003:(where she used to stay on her later travels), in Budapest, in
1830:
1574:
1493:
1361:
1325:
698:
644:
527:
444:
408:
163:
143:
4870:
Art of the Steal: On the Trail of World's Most Ingenious Thief
4692:"The first international conference on terrorism: Rome 1898".
3832:
5988:
4988:"An Empress Ahead of Her Time is Having a Pop Culture Moment"
4093:
4091:
4077:
4075:
3114:
2804:
2714:
2646:
2422:
A recent appearance of Sisi was in the new 2012 biopic about
1869:
1798:
du Mont-Blanc on the shore of Lake Geneva, there is a statue
1779:, Switzerland, there is a monument to the Empress created by
1550:
approached them, attempting to peer underneath the empress's
1388:
1349:
1340:
1329:
1321:
1309:
726:
718:
577:
or otherwise care for her own child. When a second daughter,
535:
439:
Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie was born on 24 December 1837 in the
397:
4881:"Canadian police recover famed Star of Empress Sisi jewel",
4667:
Newton, Michael (2014). "Elisabeth of Austria (1837â1898)".
4588:
Newton, Michael (2014). "Elisabeth of Austria (1837â1898)".
4583:
4581:
4579:
4554:
Newton, Michael (2014). "Elisabeth of Austria (1837â1898)".
4549:
4547:
2370:
An indirect reference to Elisabeth is made in the 2004 film
1742:
Monument in Volksgarten (a closer view of the seated statue)
948:, who was found dead together with his young lover Baroness
667:
On 21 August 1858, Elisabeth finally gave birth to an heir,
5376:"A Nurse's View of the Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas)"
4796:. Kaiserin Elisabeth Museum Possenhofen e.V. Archived from
3019:
3012:
3001:
2471:, whilst Pharrell takes on attire similar to Franz Joseph.
1795:
1682:
1229:
807:. The issue was avoided when she gave birth to a daughter,
6035:
What Happened to the Young Elisabeth at the Wedding night?
4973:"Un Certain Regard Winners List 2022 - Festival de Cannes"
4660:
4088:
4072:
2055:("The Double-headed Eagle"). It was first staged in 1946.
674:
Elisabeth was a personal advocate for the Hungarian Count
6040:
The Land of Queen Elisabeth â The Royal Palace of GödöllĆ
4770:. Schloss Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsgesellschaft mbH
4576:
4544:
3206:(nominated, but never formally invested due to her death)
2803:
The story of Elisabeth is told in Susan Appleyard's 2016
2722:
1118:
so that she could practise on them each morning, and the
1107:
983:, in 1888; her only son Rudolf in 1889; her older sister
5610:. Vol. 1. London: Burke's Peerage Ltd. p. 30.
5037:"Mondo TV's 'Sissi' Makes Royal Appointment with JeemTV"
4857:
Canadian police recover famed Star of Empress Sisi jewel
4669:
Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia
4590:
Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia
4556:
Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia
1791:; the inscription mentions her many visits to the area.
1606:
Elisabeth had been the Empress of Austria for 44 years.
1360:
after her death. It was later acquired by the nation of
1308:, where the imperial couple would spend the summer; and
5780:
Im Schatten Homers. Kaiserin Elisabeth in Griechenland.
5686:
Louis II de BaviĂšre et Elisabeth d'Autriche, Ăąmes sĆurs
2912:
The empress appears in the 1976 romantic fiction novel
2602:
portrayed Elisabeth in the 2004 French television film
1581:
of "Countess of Hohenembs" was the Empress of Austria.
5605:
4499:
Haderer, Stefan, "Empress Elisabeth's Final Odyssey",
3307:
Countess Palatine Maria Anna of ZweibrĂŒcken-Birkenfeld
2800:, and written by Gigi Griffis, was published in 2022.
1961:, known as "Erzsi", on the occasion of her wedding to
1504:
revealed that the Empress of Austria was their guest.
940:, in which Crown Prince Rudolf died by suicide in 1889
346:
Elisabeth was born into the Ducal royal branch of the
5737:, several editions in Modern Greek, German, French) (
3913:. Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York). p. 129.
2557:
portrayed the Empress at the time of Rudolf's death.
2010:
717:
disease. A fresh rest cure was advised, this time on
5473:"Real orden de Damas Nobles de la Reina Maria Luisa"
3930:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3047:
Elizabeth, Empress of Austria & Queen of Hungary
2985:
includes "If I Had a Wish", a song about Elisabeth.
2851:
Elisabeth's story inspired the 2003 children's book
2790:
A companion novel to the six-episode Netflix series
1927:
Empress Elisabeth Western Railway commemorative coin
1488:
The funeral procession in Vienna (17 September 1898)
1411:
to assuage his loneliness during her long absences.
5812:
Vol. 01/2009, Rosvall Royal Books, Falköping 2009 (
5422:[Chain Bridge] (in Czech). Municipality of
4888:
4514:"Austria's free-spirited Empress Sisi and her life"
4346:
Elizabeth : Empress of Austria : A Memoir
3835:"Life for this Bavarian princess was no fairy tale"
2840:are included in the 2014 historical fiction novel,
1876:in Hungary. Her childhood family summer residence,
1573:to France's throne had left Geneva earlier for the
1189:, was originally a stage hairdresser at the Wiener
1070:Although on her return to Vienna in August 1862, a
380:The death of Elisabeth's only son and his mistress
323:; 24 December 1837 â 10 September 1898), nicknamed
5952:Tabularium. Considerazioni su Elisabetta d'Austria
1825:. Various parks were named after her, such as the
1711:Internationally the assassination resulted in the
882:and romantic themes, and ironic commentary on the
823:Engraving depicting the Hungarian royal family at
343:on 24 April 1854 until her assassination in 1898.
5917:, Journal Eco delle Dolomiti, Pinzolo (TN), Italy
5795:Under the Spell of a Myth: Empress Sisi in Greece
5144:Under the Spell of a Myth: Empress Sisi in Greece
4911:"Z KomĂĄrna do MaÄarska vybudujĂș asymetrickĂœ most"
4845:Under the Spell of a Myth: Empress Sisi in Greece
4477:. Hellenic Tourism Properties S.A. Archived from
3917:
2785:Under the Spell of a Myth: Empress Sisi in Greece
1371:Newspapers published articles on her passion for
451:. She was the third child and second daughter of
71:Queen of Bohemia Queen of Galicia and Lodomeria
8252:Grand Cordons of the Order of the Precious Crown
8118:
6278:Princess Sophie, Countess of Toerring-Jettenbach
5558:(in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1886, p.
3491:Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of ZweibrĂŒcken
3147:
2895:Elisabeth appears as a significant character in
2854:The Royal Diaries: Elisabeth, The Princess Bride
1457:Purported last photograph taken of Elisabeth at
863:German lyric poet and radical political thinker
478:, the domineering mother of 23-year-old Emperor
6118:Queen consort of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia
5448:Lemberg: das kulturelle Zentrum der Westukraine
4629:. New York: Philosophical Library, 1955, p. 75.
2857:set during her teenage years in 1853 and 1854.
2419:(2017), Elisabeth is played by Herbig himself.
1999:, in the garden of the former Hotel Strauch in
1704:state property, was left to her granddaughter,
6288:Marie Gabrielle, Princess Rupprecht of Bavaria
6237:Helene, Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis
3833:MarĂa Pilar Queralt del Hierro (14 May 2019).
780:created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
404:corsets to keep her waist looking very small.
8027:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-WolfenbĂŒttel
7555:
7541:
7441:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-WolfenbĂŒttel
6903:
6643:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-WolfenbĂŒttel
6360:
6346:
6257:Princess Sophie Charlotte, Duchess of Alençon
6252:Princess Mathilde Ludovika, Countess of Trani
6172:
4894:
4434:
4432:
4189:
4187:
3934:
3841:. National Geographic Society. Archived from
3549:Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach
2888:revived interest in Elisabeth with her book,
2123:(Sissi, Anarchist Empress), choreographed by
886:. Her wanderlust is defined by her own work:
6320:Sophie, Hereditary Princess of Liechtenstein
5715:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
5116:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3911:Imperial Style: Fashions of the Habsburg Era
2606:, detailing the last five days of her life.
2288:
1995:Other statues in her memory were erected in
1984:. The Elisabeth Bridge connecting the towns
622:Unlike Archduchess Sophie, who despised the
8232:People from the Kingdom of LombardyâVenetia
5451:(in German). Trescher Verlag. p. 157.
5444:
5090:"Dominique Devenport on Her Role in "Sisi""
4338:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4328:
2967:, which he did not submit for publication.
2204:directed the 1948 film version of his play
1200:to her Hungarian studies. Her Greek tutor,
709:, a lung specialist, who advised a stay on
618:Portrait of Empress Elisabeth, 1857 aged 19
321:Duchess Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie in Bavaria
132:Duchess Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie in Bavaria
8277:Recipients of the Order of Saint Catherine
7548:
7534:
6910:
6896:
6353:
6339:
6179:
6165:
6020:Sissi: myth and history â by Matteo Tuveri
5571:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5076:"RTL, Beta to Reboot Royal Classic 'Sisi'"
4429:
4343:De Burgh, Edward Morgan Alborough (1899).
4326:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4184:
3162:Venerable Order of Saint John of Jerusalem
2667:In October 2015 an Italian cartoon series
2314:played Empress Elisabeth in the 1968 film
1794:Near the location of her assassination at
1731:Monument to Empress Elisabeth in Vienna's
1272:, Empress Elisabeth travelled through the
773:would gain an equal footing with Austria.
663:Empress Elisabeth and Emperor Franz Joseph
51:
8257:Dames Grand Cross of the Order of St John
5688:, Ăditions du Rocher, Paris/Monaco 2001 (
5166:
4985:
4302:, Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007, p. 425
4276:, Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007, p. 107
3975:
3943:
3611:Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden
3224:Ancestors of Empress Elisabeth of Austria
3078:Your Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty
2406:sketches featured in his television show
2220:is another adaptation of Cocteau's play.
1746:Upon her death, Franz Joseph founded the
601:
8053:
7959:
7915:
7886:
7859:
7790:
7756:
6186:
5699:
5294:
5034:
4400:
4342:
4287:The Lonely Empress: Elisabeth of Austria
3866:The Lonely Empress: Elisabeth of Austria
3069:Her Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty
2947:Life of the Empress Elizabeth of Austria
1931:
1813:Queen Elisabeth of Hungary sculpture in
1808:
1763:
1737:
1726:
1652:
1483:
1475:
1464:
1452:
1255:
1239:
1237:) and an olive-oil bath in the evening.
1165:
1061:
1019:
962:
931:
853:
818:
763:
755:
658:
613:
571:Sophie Friederike Dorothea Maria Josepha
545:
428:
73:Queen of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia
8272:People assassinated in the 19th century
6247:Maria Sophie, Queen of the Two Sicilies
5595:(in Japanese). ææČ»èćŸłèšćż”ćŠäŒçŽèŠ. p. 157.
5241:
5141:
5058:"Mondo TV shows gain exposure in LatAm"
4382:, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1913, pp. 65, 78.
4305:
3740:Sophie Friederike Dorothea Maria Josefa
3004:, opened in 1855, was named after her.
2637:, a two-part mini-series, premiered on
2620:. Her son and his lover were played by
1565:Lucheni originally planned to kill the
745:
433:The house where she was born in Munich.
365:, died in infancy. The birth of a son,
14:
8119:
6207:Maria Elisabeth, Princess of Neûchatel
6110:Queen consort of Galicia and Lodomeria
5928:, 6 gennaio 2009, p. 40, Cagliari
5266:
5216:
5191:
5055:
4986:Safronova, Valeriya (7 October 2022).
4694:The Battle against Anarchist Terrorism
4666:
4587:
4553:
4460:, Rosvall Royal Books, 2009, pp. 44â45
4232:
4206:Landi, Karoline Franziska M. Zanardi,
4136:
4101:, D. Appleton & Co., 1909, p. 141.
4061:
3863:
3590:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3348:
3238:
3234:
2496:, who played the Empress, was awarded
2387:In 2007, German comedian and director
2376:. The heroine Christine (portrayed by
2304:a 1972 film about Elisabeth's cousin,
2257:Sissi â Schicksalsjahre Einer Kaiserin
2017:Mayerling incident § In the media
1461:, Switzerland, a week before her death
805:patron saint and first king of Hungary
7529:
6917:
6891:
6334:
6160:
5606:Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1977).
5412:
5349:
4875:
4638:
4021:
3878:
3666:
3656:
3652:
3640:
3634:
3624:
3608:
3598:
3594:
3578:
3572:
3562:
3546:
3536:
3532:
3520:
3514:
3504:
3488:
3478:
3474:
3450:
3440:
3424:
3414:
3410:
3398:
3392:
3382:
3366:
3356:
3352:
3336:
3330:
3320:
3304:
3294:
3290:
3278:
3272:
3262:
3246:
3242:
2341:
1715:, the first international conference
921:
897: To build a lasting nest.
799:, 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of
541:
516:Theresa, the Queen Dowager of Bavaria
422:
209:
32:Elisabeth of Bavaria (disambiguation)
6025:Elisabeth as a Young Mother and Wife
5843:Sissi, Elisabeth, Empress of Austria
5585:
5078:. Hollywood Reporter. 24 March 2021.
4859:, Sydney Morning Herald, 3 June 2007
4850:
4685:
4619:
3908:
3892:
3890:
2689:, after already having ported it to
2571:The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side
2505:The 2023 Austrian-German-Swiss film
2455:as Empress Elisabeth accompanied by
1891:are named after her, such as two of
1403:). Elisabeth encouraged her husband
1244:Empress Elisabeth on horseback, 1856
1024:Equestrian portrait of Elisabeth at
893: I'll circle without rest
891:O'er thee, like thine own sea birds
27:Empress of Austria from 1854 to 1898
5056:Foster, Elizabeth (10 April 2017).
5035:Milligan, Mercedes (19 June 2018).
4210:, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1914, p. 29
4127:, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1913, p. 137.
3033:
2836:Elisabeth and her purported lover,
2395:based on Elisabeth under the title
2262:Sissi â Fateful Years of an Empress
1407:'s close relationship with actress
1366:Greek National Tourism Organization
1015:
995:, during an accidental fire at the
991:, in 1892; and her younger sister,
778:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
386:murderâsuicide at his hunting lodge
24:
8066:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
7461:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
6658:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
5531:The Museum of the Order of St John
5117:Chrostomanos, KĆstantinos (2007).
4657:, Random House Digital, Inc., 2011
4263:, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1913, p. 78.
3999:, Vista Court Books, 1995, p. 171
3811:Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria
3669:Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
3395:Princess Amélie Louise of Arenberg
2641:television, produced by a German,
2011:Portrayal of Elisabeth in the arts
25:
8288:
8197:Deaths by stabbing in Switzerland
8177:Austrian people of German descent
6142:Queen consort of Lombardy-Venetia
5977:
5556:Königlich Preussische Ordensliste
4872:, "Wired" Magazine, 22 March 2010
4401:Matthews, Mimi (5 October 2015).
4223:, Vista Court Books, 1995, p. 173
4085:, Vista Court Books, 1995, p. 172
3887:
3809:Married, 1890 her second cousin,
3766:Married, 1873 her second cousin,
3333:Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria
3028:Church of Sts. Olha and Elizabeth
2877:. She dances with the anti-hero,
2327:A 1991 French-German film called
2182:, a film version of the operetta
2147:Kaiserin Elisabeth von Ăsterreich
2030:premiered in Vienna. Composed by
1972:from 1903 at the Bardejov spa in
1515:, left the hotel on the shore of
654:
538:equal to US$ 240,000 as of 2015.
453:Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria
287:Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria
109:Queen consort of Lombardy-Venetia
89:24 April 1854 â 10 September 1898
7740:
6283:Elisabeth, Queen of the Belgians
5217:Bahney, Jennifer Bowers (2015).
4895:Bowers Bahney, Jennifer (2015).
4424:The Empress Elizabeth of Austria
4050:The Empress Elisabeth of Austria
3935:Bowers Bahney, Jennifer (2015).
3188:
3171:
3149:
3128:
3107:
3086:
3054:
2822:, in February 2015. Its sequel,
2451:directed a short film featuring
2324:starred as Crown Prince Rudolf.
1448:
952:, in what was suspected to be a
518:was in mourning for her brother
490:" for her authoritarian manner.
306:
8182:Austrian expatriates in Hungary
8167:Austrian people murdered abroad
5893:(Shoemaker & Hoard: 2004) (
5628:
5599:
5579:
5544:
5519:
5491:
5479:(in Spanish). 1887. p. 166
5465:
5438:
5386:
5368:
5343:
5328:
5313:
5288:
5260:
5235:
5210:
5194:The Accidental Empress: A Novel
5185:
5160:
5135:
5110:
5096:
5082:
5068:
5049:
5028:
4998:
4979:
4965:
4948:
4934:
4921:
4903:
4862:
4847:, KDP Publishing, 2022, p. 150.
4837:
4812:
4794:kaiserin-elisabeth-museum-ev.de
4782:
4756:
4730:
4718:
4647:
4632:
4606:
4531:
4506:
4503:, Issue 64, Vol. 11.4, Aug 2008
4493:
4463:
4450:
4441:
4416:
4394:
4385:
4372:
4292:
4279:
4266:
4253:
4226:
4213:
4200:
4137:Tihany, Leslie C. (June 1969).
4130:
4117:
4104:
4065:Between the Woods and the Water
4055:
4042:
4015:
4002:
2991:
2826:, was published in March 2016.
2753:is a biography of Elisabeth by
2732:In the 2022 Netflix miniseries
2553:played the young Elisabeth and
2231:and made her famous worldwide:
1586:was a crown that I had in view.
1554:. According to SztĂĄray, as the
1051:Corsets of the time were split-
867:, whose letters she collected.
239:Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria
205:
119:24 April 1854 â 12 October 1866
8247:People murdered in Switzerland
8071:Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
8022:Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
7471:Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
7431:Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
6663:Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
6638:Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
5752:(Thornton Butterworth: 1936) (
4744:(in French). 30 September 2016
4501:European Royal History Journal
4471:"Welcome to Achilleion Palace"
4062:Fermor, Patrick Leigh (1986).
3989:
3902:
3872:
3857:
3826:
3517:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
3137:: Grand Cross of the Imperial
3096:: Grand Cross of the Imperial
2860:She appears in a cameo in the
2163:directed the 1931 German film
2121:Sissi, l'impératice anarchiste
2119:appeared in a piece entitled,
1963:Prince Otto of Windisch-Graetz
1783:in 1902. This town is between
936:The imperial hunting lodge at
13:
1:
8192:Burials at the Imperial Crypt
8017:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
7577:
7421:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
6877:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
6633:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
6242:Elisabeth, Empress of Austria
6049:Empress Elisabeth of Austria
5750:Elizabeth, Empress of Austria
5106:. cineuropa. 15 October 2021.
4300:Elizabeth, Empress of Austria
4289:, Phoenix Press, 2000, p. 334
4274:Elizabeth, Empress of Austria
3819:
3799:Marie Valerie Mathilde Amalie
3788:Princess Stéphanie of Belgium
2745:
2717:; Elisabeth was portrayed by
2670:Sissi, La Giovane Imperatrice
2538:
1761:, dedicated on 4 June 1907.
1543:when the 25-year-old Italian
1532:. Since the Empress despised
1368:) and converted to a museum.
1095:-like attire. She never wore
895:For me earth holds no corner
828:
809:Marie Valerie Mathilde Amalie
784:was made the first Hungarian
396:built on the Greek island of
8157:Assassinated Austrian people
8147:19th-century Austrian people
8127:Empress Elisabeth of Austria
8107:also titled Queen of Bohemia
8012:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
7411:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
6872:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
6628:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
6030:The Empress was Assassinated
5706:"Elizabeth of Austria"
5656:(McFarland & Co., 2015 (
4702:10.1017/cbo9781139524124.008
4052:, Constable Publishing, 1930
3575:Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
3210:
2696:In 2021 a German miniseries
2604:Sissi, l'impératrice rebelle
2502:the Best Performance Prize.
2071:in Vienna. With libretto by
2007:, and in many other places.
1648:
1539:They were walking along the
1500:. However, someone from the
1276:. Her favourite places were
1217:(compounded from white wax,
467:in Munich during winter and
457:Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
297:Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
7:
8262:1898 murders in Switzerland
8076:Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
7997:Maria Leopoldine of Austria
7967:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
7769:Elizabeth Richeza of Poland
7723:Elizabeth Richeza of Poland
7672:Elisabeth of Greater Poland
7481:Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
7381:Maria Leopoldine of Austria
6832:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
6797:Elisabeth of the Palatinate
6750:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
6735:Mechthild of the Palatinate
6697:Styria, Carinthia, Carniola
6668:Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
6598:Maria Leopoldine of Austria
6573:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
6498:Elizabeth Richeza of Poland
5667:Juan José Ezquerro Puerta:
5244:The Fortune Hunter: A Novel
5092:. Variety. 13 October 2021.
4927:"Orchestrator on His Own",
3425:11. Anne-Adélaïde Julie de
3275:Duke Pius August in Bavaria
3200:Order of the Precious Crown
2965:The Memorable Assassination
2560:The 1992 BBC adaptation of
2026:In 1932 the comic operetta
1110:; the Knights' Hall of the
814:
606:In 1857, Elisabeth visited
341:Emperor Franz Joseph I
234:Gisela, Princess of Bavaria
10:
8293:
8267:Royalty of Austria-Hungary
8217:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
7580:870–1198 (Duchesses)
6423:Gertrude of SĂŒpplingenburg
6403:Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg
6102:Empress consort of Austria
5906:Simone de Beauvoir Studies
5445:Klijanienko, Ania (2008).
5295:Cartland, Barbara (1971).
4942:"Elisabeth von Ăsterreich"
4426:, Constable, 1930, p. 114.
4351:J. B. Lippincott & Co.
3637:Princess Caroline of Baden
3584:
3468:
3342:
3236:
3160:: Dame Grand Cross of the
3119:Order of Queen Maria Luisa
2432:, where she was played by
2398:Lissi und der wilde Kaiser
2245:Sissi â Die Junge Kaiserin
2014:
1917:Empress Elisabeth and the
1251:
1103:that became her hallmark.
925:
749:
459:, the half-sister of King
64:Empress consort of Austria
29:
8227:Queens consort of Hungary
8187:Queens consort of Bohemia
8103:
8044:
8007:Margaret Theresa of Spain
7950:
7906:
7879:
7850:
7781:
7749:
7738:
7703:Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen
7685:
7576:
7567:
7401:Margaret Theresa of Spain
6925:
6867:Margaret Theresa of Spain
6768:
6691:
6623:Margaret Theresa of Spain
6469:
6451:
6378:Richardis of Sualafeldgau
6368:
6362:Royal consorts of Austria
6312:
6296:
6265:
6229:
6213:
6201:
6194:
6139:
6124:
6099:
6086:
6074:
6047:
5845:(Taschen America: 1997) (
5810:Royalty Digest Quarterly,
5671:, (Navarra, España, 2023)
5350:Heyer, Georgette (2006).
5167:Appleyard, Susan (2016).
4671:. ABC-CLIO. p. 134.
4643:. McFarland. p. 153.
4627:Dictionary of Last Words
4592:. ABC-CLIO. p. 134.
4233:Hamann, Brigitte (2012).
4155:10.1017/S0008938900000169
4012:, Vista Court Books, 1995
3790:; had issue; died in the
3768:Prince Leopold of Bavaria
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3654:
3646:
3618:
3596:
3592:
3556:
3534:
3526:
3498:
3476:
3472:
3434:
3412:
3404:
3376:
3354:
3350:
3314:
3292:
3284:
3256:
3240:
3074:
3062:
3053:
3040:
2865:The Road to Charing Cross
2490:Un Certain Regard section
2486:2022 Cannes Film Festival
2402:It is based on his Sissi
2347:) starred French actress
2250:Sissi â The Young Empress
2115:In 1993 French ballerina
2106:portrayed Elisabeth in a
2091:
1919:Empress Elisabeth Railway
1722:
1268:On her imperial steamer,
1161:
960:, where they were found.
302:
292:
282:
270:
261:
256:
252:
244:Archduchess Marie Valerie
219:
194:Franz Joseph I of Austria
187:
173:
153:
128:
124:
114:
107:
94:
84:
62:
57:Empress Elisabeth in 1867
50:
45:
8172:Austrian Roman Catholics
7686:1198–1306 (Queens)
6648:Maria Josepha of Bavaria
6548:Joanna Sophia of Bavaria
6273:Amalie, Duchess of Urach
6114:Queen consort of Hungary
6106:Queen consort of Bohemia
5984:Empress Elisabeth â Sisi
5973:, (Michael Joseph, 1975)
5867:(Youwriteon.com: 2008) (
5797:(KDP Publishing: 2022) (
5652:Jennifer Bowers Bahney:
5192:Pataki, Allison (2015).
5142:Haderer, Stefan (2022).
4208:The Secret of an Empress
4143:Central European History
3098:Order of Saint Catherine
3026:(now the Greek Catholic
3018:The Elizabeth Church in
2998:Empress Elisabeth Bridge
2970:
2925:Alexander Lernet-Holenia
2824:Sisi, Empress on Her Own
2469:portrait by Winterhalter
2330:Sissi la valse des cĆurs
2227:which starred a teenage
2207:The Eagle with Two Heads
2190:. It starred opera diva
2021:
1955:Franz Xaver Winterhalter
1938:Franz Xaver Winterhalter
1397:Clementine Ogilvy Hozier
1260:Elisabeth's desk at the
1221:, sweet almond oil, and
1204:, described the ritual:
1202:Constantine Christomanos
262:Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie
68:Queen consort of Hungary
7867:Elizabeth of Luxembourg
7677:Hellicha of Wittelsbach
7251:Elizabeth of Luxembourg
6981:Adelaide of Rheinfelden
6553:Elizabeth of Luxembourg
6398:Swanhilde of Ungarnmark
5914:Sissi: Myth and history
5853:) (short, illustrated).
5720:Constantin Christomanos
5712:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
5242:Goodwin, Daisy (2014).
4956:Sissi und der KaiserkuĂ
4541:, NeoPubli Vienna, 2021
3776:Rudolf Franz Karl Josef
3249:Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria
2875:George MacDonald Fraser
2761:Constantin Christomanos
2345:Sisi und der Kaiserkuss
2217:The Mystery of Oberwald
2140:
1874:Royal Palace of GödöllĆ
1708:, Rudolf's only child.
918:would please me most".
669:Rudolf Franz Karl Josef
8212:German Roman Catholics
8142:1898 murders in Europe
7923:Barbara of Brandenburg
7823:Elizabeth of Pomerania
7281:Barbara of Brandenburg
7261:Catherine of PodÄbrady
7191:Beatrice of Luxembourg
6488:Elisabeth of Carinthia
6383:Glismod of West-Saxony
5477:GuĂa Oficial de España
5196:. Simon and Schuster.
5121:(in German). Czernin.
3198:: Grand Cordon of the
3139:Order of Saint Charles
2870:Flashman and the Tiger
2838:George "Bay" Middleton
2820:The Accidental Empress
2727:Sisi: Austrian Empress
2681:began broadcasting on
2416:Bullyparade â Der Film
2289:
2212:Michelangelo Antonioni
2040:Robert Russell Bennett
1941:
1827:Empress Elisabeth Park
1818:
1772:
1743:
1735:
1662:
1588:
1560:propaganda of the deed
1489:
1481:
1473:
1462:
1385:George "Bay" Middleton
1265:
1245:
1214:
1171:
1067:
1029:
976:
941:
900:
859:
835:
769:
761:
691:
664:
619:
602:First visit to Hungary
595:
555:
434:
8207:Female murder victims
8091:Zita of Bourbon-Parma
7657:Gertrude of Babenberg
7627:ĆwiÄtosĆawa of Poland
7612:Judith of Schweinfurt
7511:Zita of Bourbon-Parma
6760:Maria Anna of Bavaria
6755:Maria Anna of Bavaria
6720:Margaret of Pomerania
6715:Catherine of Burgundy
6683:Zita of Bourbon-Parma
6543:Beatrice of Nuremberg
6483:Gertrude of Hohenberg
6393:Adelaide of Eilenburg
6133:Zita of Bourbon-Parma
5994:Sisi Museum of Vienna
5860:(Bobbs-Merrill, 1937)
5678:, (John Murray, 1973)
4944:. IMDb. 21 July 1931.
4899:. McFarland & Co.
4883:Sydney Morning Herald
4764:"Imperial Apartments"
4639:Owens, Karen (2013).
4616:, Penguin Books, 1980
4239:. Faber & Faber.
4114:, Penguin Press, 1980
4028:. The History Press.
3972:, Vol. 46, April 1996
3939:. McFarland & Co.
3898:The Reluctant Empress
3864:Haslip, Joan (2000).
2391:released an animated
2382:Winterhalter portrait
2015:Further information:
1959:Archduchess Elisabeth
1935:
1812:
1767:
1755:Volksgarten of Vienna
1741:
1730:
1706:Archduchess Elisabeth
1656:
1583:
1519:on foot to catch the
1487:
1479:
1468:
1456:
1259:
1243:
1206:
1169:
1148:English country house
1065:
1023:
987:in 1890; her mother,
966:
935:
888:
857:
822:
767:
759:
750:Further information:
684:
662:
617:
586:
549:
432:
339:from her marriage to
8242:Nobility from Munich
8222:House of Wittelsbach
8202:Duchesses in Bavaria
8162:Empresses of Austria
8152:Assassinated royalty
8086:Elisabeth of Bavaria
8061:Maria Luisa of Spain
7933:Anne of Foix-Candale
7818:Anna von Schweidnitz
7798:Elizabeth of Bohemia
7698:Constance of Hungary
7667:Elizabeth of Hungary
7501:Elisabeth of Bavaria
7451:Maria Luisa of Spain
7301:Anne of Foix-Candale
7101:Yolanda of Courtenay
7031:Yaroslavna of Halych
6837:Anna Juliana Gonzaga
6827:Isabella of Portugal
6782:Catherine of Bohemia
6745:Isabella of Portugal
6725:Cymburgis of Masovia
6678:Elisabeth of Bavaria
6653:Maria Luisa of Spain
6568:Isabella of Portugal
6538:Elisabeth of Bohemia
6528:Catherine of Bohemia
6518:Elizabeth of Bavaria
6188:Duchesses in Bavaria
6054:House of Wittelsbach
5999:2 March 2021 at the
5382:on 14 November 2013.
4625:Le Comte, Edward S.
4022:Kiste, John (2005).
3909:Cone, Polly (1980).
3770:; had four children
3453:Elisabeth in Bavaria
3367:10. Prince Louis of
2942:(Dial Press, 1954).
2513:Frauke Finsterwalder
2447:, creative director
2424:Ludwig II of Bavaria
2373:Phantom of the Opera
2306:Ludwig II of Bavaria
2281:The Sissi Collection
2166:Elisabeth of Austria
2052:L'Aigle Ă deux tĂȘtes
1775:On the promenade in
908:Ludwig II of Bavaria
746:Hungarian coronation
628:Patrick Leigh Fermor
504:Archduke Karl Ludwig
407:While travelling in
351:House of Wittelsbach
36:Elisabeth of Austria
18:Elisabeth of Bavaria
8081:Maria Anna of Savoy
7992:Maria Anna of Spain
7803:Beatrice of Bourbon
7713:Kunigunda of Halych
7708:Margaret of Austria
7693:Adelaide of Meissen
7662:Judith of Thuringia
7652:Adelaide of Hungary
7642:Helbirga of Austria
7632:Wirpirk of Tengling
7622:Adelaide of Hungary
7491:Maria Anna of Savoy
7371:Maria Anna of Spain
7231:Margaret of Durazzo
7221:Elizabeth of Bosnia
7211:Margaret of Bohemia
7201:Elisabeth of Poland
7141:Elizabeth of Sicily
7131:Elizabeth the Cuman
7091:Gertrude of Merania
7081:Constance of Aragon
6822:Bianca Maria Sforza
6812:Catherine of Saxony
6807:Eleanor of Scotland
6792:Joanna II of Naples
6740:Bianca Maria Sforza
6730:Eleanor of Portugal
6710:Joanna II of Naples
6673:Maria Anna of Savoy
6593:Maria Anna of Spain
6563:Bianca Maria Sforza
6558:Eleanor of Portugal
6461:Kunigunda of Halych
6413:Agnes of Waiblingen
6095:Maria Anna of Savoy
5922:Sissi becomes Lissy
5865:The Elusive Empress
5394:"Washington Irving"
5274:. Faber and Faber.
5171:. Susan Appleyard.
4931:, 12 December 1932.
4612:Norton, Frederick,
4298:Corti, Count Egon,
4272:Corti, Count Egon,
4193:Norton, Frederick,
4110:Norton, Frederick,
4097:de Weindel, Henri,
3881:The Elusive Empress
3879:Nibbs, Ann (2008).
2940:William S. Abrahams
2884:In 1988, historian
2719:Dominique Devenport
2654:Cristiana Capotondi
2445:Leopoldskron Palace
2188:Josef von Sternberg
2096:In his 1978 ballet
2069:Theater an der Wien
1817:, Budapest, Hungary
1768:Memorial statue in
997:Bazar de la Charité
876:William Shakespeare
579:Gisela Louise Marie
512:Leopoldskron Palace
461:Ludwig I of Bavaria
367:Crown Prince Rudolf
7928:Beatrice of Naples
7894:Joanna of RoĆŸmitĂĄl
7718:Judith of Habsburg
7587:Ludmila of Bohemia
7321:Isabella Jagiellon
7291:Beatrice of Naples
7271:Beatrice of Naples
7151:Fenenna of Kuyavia
7071:Margaret of France
7041:Agnes of Babenberg
7021:Euphrosyne of Kiev
6862:Hedwig of Sulzbach
6852:Claudia de' Medici
6618:Hedwig of Sulzbach
6608:Claudia de' Medici
6508:Catherine of Savoy
6503:Isabella of Aragon
6370:House of Babenberg
6150:Kingdom abolished
6129:Title next held by
6091:Title last held by
5782:(NeoPubli: 2021) (
5674:Lavender Cassels:
5506:Diario del Imperio
5400:. 24 December 2012
5042:Animation Magazine
4992:The New York Times
4800:on 3 December 2013
4653:Tuchman, Barbara,
4614:A Nervous Splendor
4539:Im Schatten Homers
4475:achillion-corfu.gr
4195:A Nervous Splendor
4112:A Nervous Splendor
3896:Hamann, Brigitte,
3845:on 15 January 2020
3792:Mayerling incident
3756:Gisela Luise Marie
3750:Died in childhood
3178:Kingdom of Prussia
2909:horseback riding.
2842:The Fortune Hunter
2631:In December 2009,
2614:Mayerling incident
2179:The King Steps Out
1942:
1878:Possenhofen Castle
1844:apartment and the
1819:
1789:ChĂąteau de Chillon
1773:
1750:in memory of her.
1748:Order of Elizabeth
1744:
1736:
1663:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1463:
1266:
1246:
1180:Franziska Feifalik
1172:
1068:
1030:
1026:Possenhofen Castle
977:
942:
928:Mayerling incident
922:Mayerling incident
860:
836:
770:
762:
665:
620:
556:
542:Empress of Austria
476:Archduchess Sophie
469:Possenhofen Castle
435:
423:Duchess in Bavaria
359:Archduchess Sophie
333:Empress of Austria
229:Archduchess Sophie
148:Kingdom of Bavaria
8114:
8113:
8099:
8098:
8046:Habsburg-Lorraine
8040:
8039:
7946:
7945:
7902:
7901:
7875:
7874:
7846:
7845:
7833:Sophia of Bavaria
7828:Joanna of Bavaria
7808:Blanche of Valois
7777:
7776:
7736:
7735:
7523:
7522:
7161:Agnes of Habsburg
6991:Felicia of Sicily
6951:Richeza of Poland
6941:Anastasia of Kiev
6931:Gisela of Bavaria
6919:Queens of Hungary
6885:
6884:
6802:Anna of Brunswick
6775:
6770:House of Habsburg
6698:
6693:House of Habsburg
6493:Blanche of France
6476:
6471:House of Habsburg
6438:Theodora Angelina
6433:Helena of Hungary
6328:
6327:
6155:
6154:
6069:10 September 1898
6011:Empress Elisabeth
5856:Bertita Harding:
5841:Brigitte Hamann:
5763:Barry Denenburg:
5458:978-3-89794-130-4
5299:. Pyramid Books.
5297:Stars in My Heart
5016:on 18 August 2022
4868:Bearman, Joshuah
4843:Haderer, Stefan,
4711:978-1-139-52412-4
4537:Haderer, Stefan,
4456:Haderer, Stefan,
4422:Tschuppik, Karl,
4048:Tschuppik, Karl,
4035:978-0-7524-9547-7
3817:
3816:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3082:
3081:
2953:'s 1941 mystery,
2914:Stars in my Heart
2867:in the 1999 book
2777:persona non grata
2656:as Elisabeth and
2610:Sandra Ceccarelli
2457:Pharrell Williams
2434:Hannah Herzsprung
2361:Sonja Kirchberger
2174:Columbia Pictures
2104:Kenneth MacMillan
2067:premiĂšred at the
1887:Several sites in
1846:Schönbrunn Palace
1781:Antonio Chiattone
1717:against terrorism
1624:cardiac tamponade
1502:HĂŽtel Beau-Rivage
1409:Katharina Schratt
1401:Winston Churchill
1178:Her hairdresser,
981:Maximilian Joseph
793:country residence
752:Apostolic Majesty
465:Herzog-Max-Palais
441:Herzog-Max-Palais
314:
313:
266:
265:
177:17 September 1898
157:10 September 1898
46:Empress Elisabeth
16:(Redirected from
8284:
8237:Murdered royalty
8051:
8050:
8002:Eleonora Gonzaga
7987:Eleonora Gonzaga
7982:Elizabeth Stuart
7972:Maria of Austria
7957:
7956:
7913:
7912:
7884:
7883:
7857:
7856:
7838:Barbara of Cilli
7788:
7787:
7754:
7753:
7744:
7728:Viola of Teschen
7637:Lukarta of Bogen
7579:
7574:
7573:
7550:
7543:
7536:
7527:
7526:
7516:
7506:
7496:
7486:
7476:
7466:
7456:
7446:
7436:
7426:
7416:
7406:
7396:
7391:Eleonora Gonzaga
7386:
7376:
7366:
7361:Eleonora Gonzaga
7356:
7346:
7341:Maria of Austria
7336:
7326:
7316:
7311:Maria of Austria
7306:
7296:
7286:
7276:
7266:
7256:
7246:
7241:Barbara of Cilli
7236:
7226:
7216:
7206:
7196:
7186:
7176:
7171:Viola of Teschen
7166:
7156:
7146:
7136:
7126:
7116:
7106:
7096:
7086:
7076:
7066:
7061:Agnes of Antioch
7056:
7046:
7036:
7026:
7016:
7011:Helena of Serbia
7006:
7001:Euphemia of Kiev
6996:
6986:
6976:
6966:
6961:Judith of Swabia
6956:
6946:
6936:
6912:
6905:
6898:
6889:
6888:
6847:Eleonora Gonzaga
6817:Anne of Brittany
6787:Viridis Visconti
6773:
6705:Viridis Visconti
6696:
6603:Eleonora Gonzaga
6588:Eleonora Gonzaga
6578:Maria of Austria
6533:Viridis Visconti
6474:
6443:Agnes of Merania
6428:Theodora Komnene
6418:Maria of Bohemia
6355:
6348:
6341:
6332:
6331:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6158:
6157:
6070:
6063:
6062:24 December 1837
6045:
6044:
5793:Stefan Haderer:
5778:Stefan Haderer:
5728:
5716:
5708:
5622:
5621:
5603:
5597:
5596:
5594:
5583:
5577:
5576:
5570:
5562:
5548:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5537:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5503:
5495:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5484:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5442:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5431:
5426:. 27 August 2008
5416:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5378:. Archived from
5372:
5366:
5365:
5347:
5341:
5332:
5326:
5317:
5311:
5310:
5292:
5286:
5285:
5268:Hamann, Brigitte
5264:
5258:
5257:
5239:
5233:
5232:
5214:
5208:
5207:
5189:
5183:
5182:
5169:In a Gilded Cage
5164:
5158:
5157:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5086:
5080:
5079:
5072:
5066:
5065:
5053:
5047:
5046:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5012:. Archived from
5002:
4996:
4995:
4983:
4977:
4976:
4969:
4963:
4952:
4946:
4945:
4938:
4932:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4907:
4901:
4900:
4892:
4886:
4879:
4873:
4866:
4860:
4854:
4848:
4841:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4816:
4810:
4809:
4807:
4805:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4734:
4728:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4664:
4658:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4636:
4630:
4623:
4617:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4585:
4574:
4573:
4551:
4542:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4518:www.austria.info
4510:
4504:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4486:
4467:
4461:
4454:
4448:
4445:
4439:
4436:
4427:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4383:
4378:Larisch, Marie,
4376:
4370:
4369:
4340:
4303:
4296:
4290:
4283:
4277:
4270:
4264:
4259:Larisch, Marie,
4257:
4251:
4250:
4230:
4224:
4217:
4211:
4204:
4198:
4191:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4134:
4128:
4123:Larisch, Marie,
4121:
4115:
4108:
4102:
4095:
4086:
4079:
4070:
4069:
4059:
4053:
4046:
4040:
4039:
4019:
4013:
4006:
4000:
3993:
3987:
3984:
3973:
3966:
3941:
3940:
3932:
3915:
3914:
3906:
3900:
3894:
3885:
3884:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3868:. Phoenix Press.
3861:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3839:History Magazine
3830:
3806:6 September 1924
3722:
3721:
3230:
3229:
3221:
3220:
3204:8 September 1898
3194:
3192:
3191:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3058:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3037:
3034:Honours and arms
3009:Elisabeth Bridge
2923:She features in
2918:Barbara Cartland
2809:In a Gilded Cage
2769:
2709:
2680:
2626:Vittoria Puccini
2618:The Crown Prince
2600:Arielle Dombasle
2525:Tom Rhys Harries
2343:
2338:
2295:Luchino Visconti
2292:
1988:in Slovakia and
1946:Gerald Blanchard
1905:Elisabeth Bridge
1882:Technical Museum
1431:Marinos Marinaky
1290:Ligurian Riviera
1188:
1156:anorexia nervosa
1016:Physical regimen
993:Sophie Charlotte
973:Philip de LĂĄszlĂł
884:Habsburg dynasty
833:
830:
705:) was feared by
637:Marie Antoinette
552:Amanda Bergstedt
532:Augustinerkirche
337:Queen of Hungary
310:
254:
253:
213:
211:
207:
160:
141:24 December 1837
140:
138:
120:
90:
55:
43:
42:
21:
8292:
8291:
8287:
8286:
8285:
8283:
8282:
8281:
8117:
8116:
8115:
8110:
8095:
8054:1780–1918
8036:
7960:1526–1780
7942:
7938:Mary of Hungary
7916:1471–1526
7898:
7887:1457–1471
7871:
7860:1437–1457
7842:
7813:Anne of Bavaria
7791:1310–1437
7773:
7764:Anne of Bohemia
7757:1306–1310
7745:
7732:
7681:
7647:Richeza of Berg
7563:
7554:
7524:
7519:
7509:
7499:
7489:
7479:
7469:
7459:
7449:
7439:
7429:
7419:
7409:
7399:
7389:
7379:
7369:
7359:
7349:
7339:
7329:
7319:
7309:
7299:
7289:
7279:
7269:
7259:
7249:
7239:
7229:
7219:
7209:
7199:
7189:
7179:
7169:
7159:
7149:
7139:
7129:
7121:Maria Laskarina
7119:
7111:Beatrice d'Este
7109:
7099:
7089:
7079:
7069:
7059:
7049:
7039:
7029:
7019:
7009:
6999:
6989:
6979:
6969:
6959:
6949:
6939:
6929:
6921:
6916:
6886:
6881:
6857:Anna de' Medici
6772:
6764:
6695:
6687:
6613:Anna de' Medici
6523:Anne of Bohemia
6513:Joanna of Pfirt
6473:
6465:
6447:
6364:
6359:
6329:
6324:
6308:
6292:
6261:
6225:
6209:
6197:
6190:
6185:
6145:
6130:
6121:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6104:
6092:
6064:
6058:
6057:
6050:
6001:Wayback Machine
5980:
5950:Matteo Tuveri:
5931:Matteo Tuveri:
5920:Matteo Tuveri:
5911:Matteo Tuveri:
5889:Matt Pavelich:
5830:(Knopf: 1986) (
5824:Brigitte Hamann
5735:TagebuchblÀtter
5722:
5682:Philippe Collas
5641:, Paris, 1993 (
5631:
5626:
5625:
5618:
5604:
5600:
5592:
5584:
5580:
5564:
5563:
5550:
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5545:
5535:
5533:
5525:
5524:
5520:
5511:
5509:
5501:
5497:
5496:
5492:
5482:
5480:
5471:
5470:
5466:
5459:
5443:
5439:
5429:
5427:
5420:"ĆetÄzovĂœ most"
5418:
5417:
5413:
5403:
5401:
5392:
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5387:
5374:
5373:
5369:
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5348:
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5265:
5261:
5254:
5240:
5236:
5229:
5215:
5211:
5204:
5190:
5186:
5179:
5165:
5161:
5154:
5140:
5136:
5129:
5115:
5111:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5054:
5050:
5033:
5029:
5019:
5017:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4984:
4980:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4953:
4949:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4926:
4922:
4917:. 30 July 2016.
4909:
4908:
4904:
4893:
4889:
4880:
4876:
4867:
4863:
4855:
4851:
4842:
4838:
4828:
4826:
4824:hofburg-wien.at
4818:
4817:
4813:
4803:
4801:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4773:
4771:
4768:hofburg-wien.at
4762:
4761:
4757:
4747:
4745:
4736:
4735:
4731:
4723:
4719:
4712:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4679:
4665:
4661:
4652:
4648:
4637:
4633:
4624:
4620:
4611:
4607:
4600:
4586:
4577:
4570:
4562:. p. 132.
4552:
4545:
4536:
4532:
4522:
4520:
4512:
4511:
4507:
4498:
4494:
4484:
4482:
4481:on 2 April 2020
4469:
4468:
4464:
4455:
4451:
4446:
4442:
4437:
4430:
4421:
4417:
4407:
4405:
4399:
4395:
4390:
4386:
4377:
4373:
4341:
4306:
4297:
4293:
4284:
4280:
4271:
4267:
4258:
4254:
4247:
4231:
4227:
4219:Sisa, Stephan,
4218:
4214:
4205:
4201:
4197:, Penguin, 1980
4192:
4185:
4175:
4173:
4135:
4131:
4122:
4118:
4109:
4105:
4096:
4089:
4081:Sisa, Stephan,
4080:
4073:
4060:
4056:
4047:
4043:
4036:
4020:
4016:
4008:Sisa, Stephan,
4007:
4003:
3995:Sisa, Stephan,
3994:
3990:
3985:
3976:
3967:
3944:
3933:
3918:
3907:
3903:
3895:
3888:
3877:
3873:
3862:
3858:
3848:
3846:
3831:
3827:
3822:
3786:Married, 1881,
3783:30 January 1889
3715:
3213:
3196:Empire of Japan
3189:
3187:
3182:Order of Louise
3172:
3170:
3150:
3148:
3129:
3127:
3108:
3106:
3087:
3085:
3064:Reference style
3046:
3044:
3041:
3036:
2994:
2973:
2951:Georgette Heyer
2886:Brigitte Hamann
2772:TagebuchblÀtter
2763:
2755:Bertita Harding
2748:
2703:
2674:
2562:Agatha Christie
2541:
2453:Cara Delevingne
2332:
2268:Forever My Love
2225:Ernst Marischka
2143:
2094:
2077:Sylvester Levay
2024:
2019:
2013:
1923:Western Railway
1910:In the village
1870:Island of Corfu
1848:in Vienna, the
1823:Saint Elisabeth
1815:Matthias Church
1759:Hans Bitterlich
1725:
1651:
1643:Capuchin Church
1567:Duke of Orléans
1513:lady-in-waiting
1451:
1254:
1182:
1164:
1088:cage-crinolined
1072:lady-in-waiting
1028:, age 15 (1853)
1018:
930:
924:
899:
896:
894:
892:
880:classical Greek
831:
817:
754:
748:
688:
657:
604:
544:
437:
436:
425:
375:Austria-Hungary
248:
215:
203:
199:
196:
183:
178:
162:
158:
142:
136:
134:
133:
118:
88:
80:
66:
58:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8290:
8280:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8112:
8111:
8109:
8108:
8104:
8101:
8100:
8097:
8096:
8094:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8057:
8055:
8048:
8042:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7963:
7961:
7954:
7948:
7947:
7944:
7943:
7941:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7919:
7917:
7910:
7904:
7903:
7900:
7899:
7897:
7896:
7890:
7888:
7881:
7877:
7876:
7873:
7872:
7870:
7869:
7863:
7861:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7844:
7843:
7841:
7840:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7800:
7794:
7792:
7785:
7779:
7778:
7775:
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7771:
7766:
7760:
7758:
7751:
7747:
7746:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7733:
7731:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7689:
7687:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7602:Emma of MÄlnĂk
7599:
7594:
7589:
7583:
7581:
7571:
7565:
7564:
7557:Royal consorts
7553:
7552:
7545:
7538:
7530:
7521:
7520:
7518:
7517:
7507:
7497:
7487:
7477:
7467:
7457:
7447:
7437:
7427:
7417:
7407:
7397:
7387:
7377:
7367:
7357:
7347:
7337:
7331:Anna Jagiellon
7327:
7317:
7307:
7297:
7287:
7277:
7267:
7257:
7247:
7237:
7227:
7217:
7207:
7197:
7187:
7181:Maria of Bytom
7177:
7167:
7157:
7147:
7137:
7127:
7117:
7107:
7097:
7087:
7077:
7067:
7057:
7047:
7037:
7027:
7017:
7007:
6997:
6987:
6977:
6967:
6957:
6947:
6937:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6915:
6914:
6907:
6900:
6892:
6883:
6882:
6880:
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6864:
6859:
6854:
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6844:
6839:
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6829:
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6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6778:
6776:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6701:
6699:
6689:
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6660:
6655:
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6645:
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6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
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6565:
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6540:
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6525:
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6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6479:
6477:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6463:
6457:
6455:
6449:
6448:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6388:Frozza Orseolo
6385:
6380:
6374:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6358:
6357:
6350:
6343:
6335:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6316:
6314:
6313:6th generation
6310:
6309:
6307:
6306:
6300:
6298:
6297:5th generation
6294:
6293:
6291:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6269:
6267:
6266:4th generation
6263:
6262:
6260:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6233:
6231:
6230:3rd generation
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6217:
6215:
6214:2nd generation
6211:
6210:
6205:
6203:
6202:1st generation
6199:
6198:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6184:
6183:
6176:
6169:
6161:
6153:
6152:
6147:
6137:
6136:
6128:
6123:
6098:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6072:
6071:
6051:
6048:
6043:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6008:
6003:
5991:
5986:
5979:
5978:External links
5976:
5975:
5974:
5969:John Welcome:
5967:
5964:978-8854811485
5958:, Rome, 2007 (
5948:
5939:, Rome, 2006 (
5929:
5926:L'Unione Sarda
5918:
5909:
5902:
5887:
5884:978-1501313448
5876:
5873:978-1849231305
5861:
5854:
5839:
5821:
5806:
5803:979-8844219504
5791:
5788:978-3754157008
5776:
5761:
5746:
5717:
5703:, ed. (1911).
5701:Chisholm, Hugh
5697:
5694:978-2268038841
5679:
5672:
5665:
5650:
5630:
5627:
5624:
5623:
5617:978-0850110234
5616:
5598:
5578:
5552:"Luisen-orden"
5543:
5518:
5490:
5464:
5457:
5437:
5411:
5385:
5367:
5360:
5342:
5327:
5312:
5305:
5287:
5281:978-0571271306
5280:
5259:
5252:
5234:
5227:
5209:
5202:
5184:
5177:
5159:
5152:
5134:
5128:978-3707601787
5127:
5109:
5095:
5081:
5067:
5048:
5027:
5006:"Sisi & I"
4997:
4978:
4975:. 27 May 2022.
4964:
4947:
4933:
4920:
4902:
4887:
4874:
4861:
4849:
4836:
4811:
4781:
4755:
4729:
4717:
4710:
4684:
4678:978-1610692854
4677:
4659:
4646:
4631:
4618:
4605:
4599:978-1610692854
4598:
4575:
4569:978-1610692854
4568:
4543:
4530:
4505:
4492:
4462:
4449:
4440:
4428:
4415:
4393:
4384:
4371:
4304:
4291:
4285:Haslip, Joan,
4278:
4265:
4252:
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4225:
4212:
4199:
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4087:
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3821:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3795:
3794:
3784:
3781:
3780:21 August 1858
3778:
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3180:: Dame of the
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3135:Mexican Empire
3125:
3117:: Dame of the
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3094:Russian Empire
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2969:
2955:Envious Casca.
2936:Imperial Waltz
2927:'s 1960 novel
2879:Harry Flashman
2816:Allison Pataki
2796:, also titled
2747:
2744:
2740:Devrim Lingnau
2593:Princess Sissi
2546:Fall of Eagles
2540:
2537:
2529:Angela Winkler
2482:Marie Kreutzer
2474:The 2022 film
2449:Karl Lagerfeld
2389:Michael Herbig
2353:Nils Tavernier
2351:as Elisabeth,
2349:Vanessa Wagner
2272:
2271:
2265:
2253:
2241:
2229:Romy Schneider
2186:, directed by
2145:The 1921 film
2142:
2139:
2125:Maurice BĂ©jart
2117:Sylvie Guillem
2093:
2090:
2032:Fritz Kreisler
2023:
2020:
2012:
2009:
1895:'s districts,
1858:Imperial Villa
1804:Philip Jackson
1724:
1721:
1659:Imperial Crypt
1650:
1647:
1639:Imperial Crypt
1450:
1447:
1355:German Emperor
1282:French Riviera
1253:
1250:
1163:
1160:
1120:Imperial Villa
1081:Queen Victoria
1017:
1014:
1002:Gyula AndrĂĄssy
969:mourning dress
954:murderâsuicide
926:Main article:
923:
920:
916:lunatic asylum
889:
865:Heinrich Heine
825:GödöllĆ Palace
816:
813:
786:prime minister
747:
744:
699:green-sickness
676:Gyula AndrĂĄssy
656:
655:Birth of a son
653:
603:
600:
543:
540:
502:up. Secondly,
484:Duchess Helene
480:Franz Joseph I
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161:(aged 60)
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7977:Anna of Tyrol
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5639:L'impératrice
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5586:ćéšèłć (2017).
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5361:9780099493662
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5352:Envious Casca
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5306:9780515041613
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5253:9781250043894
5249:
5246:. Macmillan.
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5221:. McFarland.
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4068:. p. 33.
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3970:History Today
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3201:
3197:
3186:
3183:
3179:
3169:
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3146:
3144:
3143:10 April 1865
3140:
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3021:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2982:Eternal Woman
2978:
2975:Dutch singer
2968:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2899:' 1987 novel
2898:
2897:Gary Jennings
2893:
2891:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2863:
2858:
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2855:
2849:
2847:
2846:Daisy Goodwin
2843:
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2751:Golden Fleece
2743:
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2615:
2611:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2584:Kommissar Rex
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2558:
2556:
2555:Rachel Gurney
2552:
2548:
2547:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2521:Susanne Wolff
2518:
2517:Sandra HĂŒller
2515:and starring
2514:
2510:
2509:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2478:
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2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2283:with English
2282:
2278:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2214:'s 1981 film
2213:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:Franchot Tone
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:Marie Larisch
2148:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2134:Emperor Waltz
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2075:and music by
2074:
2073:Michael Kunze
2070:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2058:In 1992, the
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2018:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1976:and busts in
1975:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1897:Erzsébetvåros
1894:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1805:
1802:, created by
1801:
1797:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1751:
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1596:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1548:Luigi Lucheni
1546:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1478:
1472:
1471:Luigi Lucheni
1467:
1460:
1455:
1449:Assassination
1446:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1435:Panathinaikos
1432:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1399:(the wife of
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1381:Alter Ă©s Kiss
1378:
1374:
1373:riding sports
1369:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:Upper Austria
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1274:Mediterranean
1271:
1263:
1258:
1249:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1213:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1194:
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1186:
1181:
1176:
1168:
1159:
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1149:
1145:
1141:
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1133:
1129:
1125:
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1117:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1013:
1011:
1006:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
974:
970:
967:Elisabeth in
965:
961:
959:
958:Lower Austria
955:
951:
947:
939:
934:
929:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
898:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
868:
866:
856:
852:
850:
846:
845:hyperactivity
842:
841:Spanish Court
826:
821:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
789:
787:
783:
779:
774:
766:
758:
753:
743:
739:
735:
732:
731:Bad Kissingen
728:
724:
723:psychosomatic
720:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
694:
690:
683:
681:
677:
672:
670:
661:
652:
650:
646:
640:
638:
634:
629:
625:
616:
612:
609:
599:
594:
591:
585:
582:
580:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
553:
548:
539:
537:
533:
529:
523:
521:
517:
513:
507:
505:
500:
499:Upper Austria
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
431:
420:
418:
417:Luigi Lucheni
414:
410:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
378:
376:
372:
371:dual monarchy
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
309:
305:
301:
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288:
285:
281:
278:
275:
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269:
260:
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245:
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240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
226:
224:
222:
218:
195:
190:
186:
182:
176:
172:
169:
165:
156:
152:
149:
145:
131:
127:
123:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:8 June 1867,
99:
97:
93:
87:
83:
78:
72:
69:
65:
61:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
8085:
8032:Maria Amalia
7908:Jagiellonian
7880:Non-dynastic
7750:Non-dynastic
7513:
7503:
7500:
7493:
7483:
7473:
7463:
7453:
7443:
7433:
7423:
7413:
7403:
7393:
7383:
7373:
7363:
7353:
7343:
7333:
7323:
7313:
7303:
7293:
7283:
7273:
7263:
7253:
7243:
7233:
7223:
7213:
7203:
7193:
7183:
7173:
7163:
7153:
7143:
7133:
7123:
7113:
7103:
7093:
7083:
7073:
7063:
7053:
7043:
7033:
7023:
7013:
7003:
6993:
6983:
6973:
6963:
6953:
6943:
6933:
6677:
6303:
6241:
6220:
6149:
6140:
6131:
6125:
6100:
6093:
6087:
6066:
6059:
6052:
5970:
5951:
5932:
5921:
5913:
5905:
5890:
5864:
5857:
5842:
5827:
5809:
5794:
5779:
5764:
5749:
5734:
5730:
5710:
5685:
5675:
5668:
5653:
5638:
5635:Nicole Avril
5629:Bibliography
5607:
5601:
5588:
5581:
5555:
5546:
5534:. Retrieved
5530:
5521:
5510:, retrieved
5505:
5493:
5481:. Retrieved
5476:
5467:
5447:
5440:
5428:. Retrieved
5414:
5402:. Retrieved
5397:
5388:
5380:the original
5370:
5351:
5345:
5330:
5315:
5296:
5290:
5271:
5262:
5243:
5237:
5218:
5212:
5193:
5187:
5168:
5162:
5143:
5137:
5118:
5112:
5098:
5084:
5070:
5061:
5051:
5040:
5030:
5018:. Retrieved
5014:the original
5009:
5000:
4991:
4981:
4967:
4955:
4950:
4936:
4928:
4923:
4914:
4905:
4896:
4890:
4882:
4877:
4869:
4864:
4856:
4852:
4844:
4839:
4827:. Retrieved
4823:
4814:
4802:. Retrieved
4798:the original
4793:
4784:
4772:. Retrieved
4767:
4758:
4746:. Retrieved
4741:
4732:
4725:
4720:
4693:
4687:
4668:
4662:
4654:
4649:
4640:
4634:
4626:
4621:
4613:
4608:
4589:
4555:
4538:
4533:
4521:. Retrieved
4517:
4508:
4500:
4495:
4483:. Retrieved
4479:the original
4474:
4465:
4457:
4452:
4443:
4423:
4418:
4406:. Retrieved
4396:
4387:
4379:
4374:
4345:
4299:
4294:
4286:
4281:
4273:
4268:
4260:
4255:
4235:
4228:
4220:
4215:
4207:
4202:
4194:
4174:. Retrieved
4146:
4142:
4132:
4124:
4119:
4111:
4106:
4098:
4082:
4063:
4057:
4049:
4044:
4024:
4017:
4009:
4004:
3996:
3991:
3969:
3936:
3910:
3904:
3897:
3880:
3874:
3865:
3859:
3847:. Retrieved
3843:the original
3838:
3828:
3813:; had issue
3763:27 July 1932
3760:12 July 1856
3744:5 March 1855
3717:
3716:
3452:
3427:Mailly-Nesle
3215:
3214:
3203:
3165:
3142:
3123:16 June 1854
3122:
3102:October 1853
3101:
3075:Spoken style
3045:
3017:
3006:
2995:
2992:Architecture
2987:
2980:
2977:Petra Berger
2974:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2946:
2944:
2935:
2933:
2928:
2922:
2913:
2911:
2900:
2894:
2889:
2883:
2868:
2864:
2859:
2852:
2850:
2841:
2835:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2808:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2784:
2782:
2775:
2771:
2759:
2750:
2749:
2733:
2731:
2726:
2725:Passport as
2710:
2697:
2695:
2668:
2666:
2662:Franz Joseph
2632:
2630:
2622:Max von Thun
2617:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2582:
2580:
2576:Claire Bloom
2569:
2559:
2544:
2542:
2533:Irma SztĂĄray
2511:directed by
2508:Sisi & I
2506:
2504:
2497:
2494:Vicky Krieps
2492:and actress
2480:directed by
2475:
2473:
2461:CC the World
2460:
2438:
2427:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2396:
2386:
2371:
2369:
2357:Franz Joseph
2344:
2328:
2326:
2315:
2310:
2298:
2280:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2235:
2222:
2215:
2205:
2202:Jean Cocteau
2200:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2146:
2144:
2132:
2120:
2114:
2107:
2097:
2095:
2084:
2062:
2057:
2050:
2047:Jean Cocteau
2044:
2027:
2025:
1994:
1970:Gyula DonĂĄth
1967:
1943:
1916:
1909:
1901:Pesterzsébet
1886:
1854:Vienna Woods
1839:
1820:
1799:
1793:
1774:
1752:
1745:
1710:
1702:
1695:
1688:
1679:
1675:
1664:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1597:
1592:
1589:
1584:
1564:
1538:
1524:
1509:Irma SztĂĄray
1506:
1491:
1427:
1424:
1420:Irma SztĂĄray
1413:
1405:Franz Joseph
1387:, a dashing
1376:
1370:
1348:
1334:
1269:
1267:
1247:
1227:
1215:
1207:
1198:modern Greek
1195:
1177:
1173:
1152:
1144:binge eating
1136:
1105:
1093:riding habit
1085:
1069:
1050:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1007:
978:
950:Mary Vetsera
943:
901:
890:
869:
861:
847:, naturally
837:
790:
775:
771:
740:
736:
715:
707:Joseph Ć koda
703:tuberculosis
695:
692:
685:
673:
666:
641:
621:
605:
596:
590:Crown Prince
587:
583:
568:
557:
524:
508:
492:
473:
438:
406:
382:Mary Vetsera
379:
345:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:
159:(1898-09-10)
70:
40:
8137:1898 deaths
8132:1837 births
7514:(1916â1918)
7504:(1854â1898)
7494:(1831â1848)
7484:(1816â1830)
7474:(1808â1816)
7464:(1792â1807)
7454:(1790â1792)
7444:(1711â1740)
7434:(1699â1711)
7424:(1676â1705)
7414:(1673â1676)
7404:(1666â1673)
7394:(1651â1657)
7384:(1648â1649)
7374:(1631â1646)
7364:(1622â1625)
7354:(1608â1618)
7344:(1563â1576)
7334:(1526â1547)
7324:(1539â1540)
7314:(1515â1526)
7304:(1502â1506)
7294:(1491â1500)
7284:(1490â1491)
7274:(1476â1490)
7264:(1461â1464)
7254:(1437â1442)
7244:(1405â1437)
7234:(1385â1386)
7224:(1353â1382)
7214:(1342â1349)
7204:(1320â1342)
7194:(1318â1319)
7184:(1306â1317)
7164:(1296â1301)
7154:(1290â1295)
7144:(1272â1290)
7134:(1270â1272)
7124:(1235â1270)
7114:(1234â1235)
7104:(1215â1233)
7094:(1205â1213)
7084:(1198â1204)
7074:(1186â1196)
7064:(1172â1184)
7054:(1163â1165)
7044:(1168â1172)
7034:(1167â1168)
7024:(1146â1162)
7014:(1131â1141)
7004:(1112â1113)
6994:(1097â1102)
6984:(1077â1090)
6974:(1074â1077)
6964:(1063â1074)
6954:(1060â1063)
6944:(1046â1060)
6934:(1000â1038)
6453:Interregnum
5901:) (270 pp.)
5886:) (408 pp.)
5863:Ann Nibbs:
5838:) (410pp.).
5723: [
5589:ææČ»æ代ăźćČç« ć€äș€ć瀌
5512:14 November
5404:23 December
5010:DCM Stories
4804:17 December
4774:17 December
4742:Statues Quo
4655:Proud Tower
4485:23 December
3747:29 May 1857
3184:, 1st Class
3166:23 May 1873
2862:short story
2798:The Empress
2793:The Empress
2764: [
2735:The Empress
2704: [
2675: [
2652:, starring
2650:partnership
2566:Miss Marple
2488:within the
2465:Coco Chanel
2443:, shown in
2409:Bullyparade
2393:parody film
2378:Emmy Rossum
2333: [
2322:Omar Sharif
2320:, in which
2312:Ava Gardner
2192:Grace Moore
2161:Adolf Trotz
2155:con-artists
2109:pas de deux
1884:in Vienna.
1850:Hermesvilla
1835:South Tyrol
1800:in memoriam
1733:Volksgarten
1616:pericardium
1556:ship's bell
1534:processions
1517:Lake Geneva
1498:Switzerland
1377:Antal Alter
1298:Switzerland
1294:Lake Geneva
1284:, and also
1278:Cape Martin
1191:Burgtheater
1183: [
1042:tightlacing
912:Saint's Day
904:Wittelsbach
849:introverted
832: 1870
277:Wittelsbach
168:Switzerland
8121:Categories
7783:Luxembourg
6146:1854â1866
6122:1854â1898
6015:Tripod.com
5945:8854807419
5899:159376023X
5891:Our Savage
5875:) (372pp).
5851:3822878650
5836:0394537173
5820:) (44 pp.)
5743:3458332367
5662:078649722X
5647:2253137308
5536:19 October
5398:glasGOwest
5339:B002JLIJ88
5324:B005Q1V8L8
4829:19 January
4408:10 October
4176:25 October
4149:(2): 115.
3849:15 January
3820:References
2961:Mark Twain
2746:Literature
2658:David Rott
2551:Diane Keen
2539:Television
2081:Pia Douwes
1948:stole the
1903:, and the
1872:, and the
1866:Achilleion
1601:absolution
1569:, but the
1439:Achilleion
1358:Wilhelm II
1337:Achilleion
1262:Achilleion
1223:rose water
1219:spermaceti
1140:emaciation
1116:bedchamber
1101:wasp waist
1097:petticoats
1057:courtesans
649:depression
624:Hungarians
575:breastfeed
402:tightlaced
394:Achilleion
137:1837-12-24
96:Coronation
7592:DrahomĂra
7569:PĆemyslid
6080:Hungarian
5818:1653-5219
5773:26277285M
5758:17729677M
5354:. Arrow.
5020:24 August
4915:Pravda.sk
4171:145522363
3216:Ancestors
3211:Genealogy
3042:Styles of
3011:over the
3000:over the
2979:'s album
2929:Mayerling
2907:daredevil
2713:aired on
2693:in 2017.
2691:TV Azteca
2429:Ludwig II
2317:Mayerling
2290:haferbrei
2285:subtitles
2277:Christmas
2176:released
2172:In 1936,
2099:Mayerling
2085:Elisabeth
2064:Elisabeth
2001:Feldafing
1944:In 1998,
1862:Bad Ischl
1649:Aftermath
1620:ventricle
1579:pseudonym
1571:pretender
1545:anarchist
1541:promenade
1521:steamship
1443:freemason
1416:Hohenembs
1364:(now the
1302:Bad Ischl
1235:arthritis
1124:Bad Ischl
1108:gymnasium
938:Mayerling
564:etiquette
530:, at the
495:Bad Ischl
474:In 1853,
413:anarchist
390:Mayerling
377:in 1867.
317:Elisabeth
303:Signature
7952:Habsburg
7852:Habsburg
6971:Synadene
6196:By birth
6082:royalty
5997:Archived
5567:citation
5483:21 March
5270:(2010).
4820:"Flight"
4560:ABC-CLIO
4366:6922837M
3725:Children
3369:Arenberg
2683:Mondo TV
2643:Austrian
2639:European
2568:mystery
2499:ex aequo
2260:(1957) (
2248:(1956) (
2045:In 1943
2036:libretto
1997:Salzburg
1974:Bardejov
1950:Köechert
1912:Gastouri
1893:Budapest
1785:Montreux
1777:Territet
1770:Territet
1671:stiletto
1667:gendarme
1530:Montreux
1459:Territet
1345:Achilles
1343:'s hero
1339:" after
1264:in Corfu
1210:peignoir
1132:sciatica
989:Ludovika
815:Marriage
801:Budapest
782:AndrĂĄssy
560:Habsburg
355:Habsburg
348:Bavarian
102:Budapest
7597:Biagota
7561:Bohemia
6475:Austria
5731:Diaries
5430:27 June
4748:16 July
4523:2 April
4380:My Past
4358:3153839
4261:My Past
4163:4545523
4125:My Past
3024:Ukraine
2902:Spangle
2814:Author
2701:
2687:Jeem TV
2672:
2647:Italian
2477:Corsage
2426:titled
2129:Strauss
2060:musical
2005:Funchal
1990:KomĂĄrom
1986:KomĂĄrno
1980:and in
1889:Hungary
1868:on the
1852:in the
1842:Hofburg
1753:In the
1698:equerry
1691:Lucerne
1641:at the
1552:parasol
1347:in the
1318:Algeria
1314:Morocco
1288:on the
1286:Sanremo
1280:on the
1270:Miramar
1252:Travels
1128:fencing
1112:Hofburg
1010:parasol
872:Titania
797:GödöllĆ
711:Madeira
680:premier
608:Hungary
488:Hofburg
449:Bavaria
214:
202:
198:
77:more...
7607:BoĆŸena
7174:(1305)
6126:Vacant
6088:Vacant
6076:Austro
6065:
5962:
5956:Aracne
5943:
5937:Aracne
5897:
5882:
5871:
5849:
5834:
5816:
5801:
5786:
5771:
5756:
5741:
5692:
5660:
5645:
5614:
5455:
5358:
5337:
5322:
5303:
5278:
5250:
5225:
5200:
5175:
5150:
5125:
4708:
4675:
4596:
4566:
4364:
4356:
4243:
4169:
4161:
4032:
3734:Notes
3193:
3154:
3112:
3091:
3013:Danube
2441:Chanel
2404:parody
2365:Helene
2342:a.k.a.
2300:Ludwig
2240:(1955)
2092:Ballet
2034:, the
1982:PreĆĄov
1978:PoltĂĄr
1940:(1865)
1864:, the
1856:, the
1831:Merano
1723:Legacy
1593:GenĂšve
1575:Valais
1525:GenĂšve
1511:, her
1494:Geneva
1362:Greece
1328:, and
1326:Turkey
1162:Beauty
985:Helene
975:(1889)
946:Rudolf
727:dropsy
645:typhus
554:(1855)
528:Vienna
514:where
445:Munich
415:named
409:Geneva
363:Sophie
331:, was
319:(born
293:Mother
283:Father
208:
188:Spouse
174:Burial
164:Geneva
144:Munich
115:Tenure
85:Tenure
6774:Tyrol
6067:Died:
6060:Born:
5727:]
5593:(PDF)
5502:(PDF)
5424:DÄÄĂn
4167:S2CID
4159:JSTOR
3731:Death
3728:Birth
3718:Issue
3115:Spain
2971:Music
2949:, in
2805:ebook
2768:]
2708:]
2679:]
2337:]
2237:Sissi
2184:Sissi
2028:Sissi
2022:Stage
1389:Anglo
1379:(now
1350:Iliad
1341:Homer
1330:Egypt
1322:Malta
1310:Corfu
1187:]
1077:Hesse
1046:Italy
971:, by
719:Corfu
633:Burke
536:dower
520:Georg
398:Corfu
384:in a
329:Sissi
272:House
257:Names
221:Issue
212:)
204:(
200:
6304:none
6221:none
5960:ISBN
5941:ISBN
5895:ISBN
5880:ISBN
5869:ISBN
5847:ISBN
5832:ISBN
5814:ISSN
5799:ISBN
5784:ISBN
5739:ISBN
5690:ISBN
5658:ISBN
5643:ISBN
5612:ISBN
5573:link
5560:1056
5538:2021
5514:2020
5485:2019
5453:ISBN
5432:2015
5406:2018
5356:ISBN
5335:ASIN
5320:ASIN
5301:ISBN
5276:ISBN
5248:ISBN
5223:ISBN
5198:ISBN
5173:ISBN
5148:ISBN
5123:ISBN
5022:2022
4961:IMDb
4929:Time
4831:2020
4806:2018
4776:2018
4750:2019
4706:ISBN
4673:ISBN
4594:ISBN
4564:ISBN
4525:2024
4487:2018
4410:2022
4354:OCLC
4241:ISBN
4178:2022
4030:ISBN
3851:2020
3667:15.
3609:14.
3547:13.
3489:12.
3020:Lviv
3007:The
3002:Elbe
2996:The
2715:RTL+
2699:Sisi
2645:and
2634:Sisi
2624:and
2527:and
2359:and
2194:and
2141:Film
1899:and
1796:Quai
1787:and
1683:Vaud
1528:for
1393:Scot
1230:veal
1053:busk
776:The
635:for
455:and
335:and
325:Sisi
210:1854
154:Died
129:Born
34:and
7559:of
6013:at
4959:at
4698:doi
4151:doi
3635:7.
3573:3.
3515:6.
3451:1.
3393:5.
3331:2.
3305:9.
3273:4.
3247:8.
2938:by
2916:by
2873:by
2844:by
2723:PBS
2660:as
2564:'s
2413:In
2363:as
2355:as
2297:'s
2131:'s
2127:to
1860:in
1829:in
1304:in
1296:in
1158:."
1122:at
795:in
639:."
443:in
388:at
373:of
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7578:c.
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