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276:. This school was known as the most prestigious art academy in Paris. Her application was rejected. Like most if not all art establishments at that time the school was male only. The ban on women's applications was not lifted until 1897, thirty-five years after Gardner had applied. However, Gardner did not give up. She continued to enroll in private classes and to build an outstanding portfolio of art work.
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383:. This painting depicts an intimate, whispered secret between two young peasant girls. The painting was given to the Lucy Cobb Institute, an all-girls school in Athens, Georgia. Hung in the drawing room parlor of the school, the work was beloved in the school's collection and was viewed as having a "moralizing purpose" for the young girls enrolled in the finishing school. In 1991, painter, filmmaker and
288:, and Gardner's studio became a place where Americans requested commissioned copies of their favorite European paintings. In a letter to her brother, Gardner noted, "Americans are buying many pictures. I have always had the satisfaction of pleasing those for whom I have painted. One gentleman was so satisfied with a copy I did for him that he paid me more than I asked." She briefly studied with
299:. Also during that time period, her paintings were accepted in 25 Paris Salons. Awarded a gold medal at the 1872 Salon, she became the first woman ever to receive such an honor. Gardner Bouguereau's works were accepted to the Salon more than any other woman painter in history and more than all but a few of the men.
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later recalled that she had "interesting memories...of
Bouguereau's studio, where we used to go often, and where was also Miss Jennie Gardner of Exeter, New Hampshire, whom he either married or didn't marry – I have forgotten the details. There was a certain glamour of that young woman of Puritan
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was widely known and discussed within the
Parisian artistic community. They made no secret of their relationship over the course of an engagement that was to last seventeen years. The couple courted for seventeen years because they had a great fear of crossing Bougereau's mother. When she died in
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The biggest challenge to her training was the restriction on women studying anatomy from nude models. She circumvented this restriction by donning male attire to gain admittance to the all-male drawing school at
Manufacture Nationale des Gobelins et de la Savonnerie. In 1873, Gardner was finally
263:, Massachusetts, where she studied art and languages, learning English, French, Italian and German. She graduated in 1856 and spent the next few years teaching French at a newly opened school in Worcester, Massachusetts. In 1864, after teaching art at Lasell Seminary, she and
204:, channeling his style so successfully that some of her work might be mistaken for his. In fact, she was quoted as saying, "I know I am censured for not more boldly asserting my individuality, but I would rather be known as the best imitator of Bouguereau than be nobody!"
200:(1825–1905). After Bouguereau's wife died, Gardner became his paramour and after the death of his mother, who bitterly opposed the union, she married him in 1896. She adopted his subjects, compositions, and even his smooth
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left for France. To pay her rent, she spent her time copying paintings by contemporary artists and older masters in prestigious galleries. Later, in the autumn of that year, Gardner decided to apply to the
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694:, edited by James Frederick Peck, 59–78. New Haven: Exhibition catalog from the Philbrook Museum of Art distributed by Yale University Press, 2006.
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Pearo, Charles. "Elizabeth Jane
Gardner (1837–1922): Tracing the Construction of Artistic Identity" (Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, 2002).
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birth, a contemporary of my
Puritan aunts, living there in the Latin Quarter and doing something that all Paris talked about."
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1896 at the age of 91, the couple did not waste any time in getting married. Mary French, wife of the
American sculptor
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before leaving in 1865 to join an independent cooperative women's studio.
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In the Studios of Paris: William Bouguereau and His American Students
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Gardner's work bears a strong resemblance to that of her husband,
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In 1868, Gardner was the first American woman to exhibit at the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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appropriated Gardner's painting and several others from the
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Gardner was very independent and feisty. Like the artist
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636:. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 568.
835:Shepherds Find Zenobia on the Banks of the Araxes
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659:"Elizabeth Gardner Bouguereau – Civil War Women"
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192:(1823–1881), the well-known salon painter
158:Portrait de Mademoiselle Elizabeth Gardner
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375:One of Gardner's most well-known works,
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379:(ca. 1880) is in the collection of the
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597:. Athens, GA: Georgia Museum of Art.
505:National Museum of Women in the Arts
303:admitted to the previously all-male
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501:"Elizabeth Jane Gardner Bouguereau"
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538:Brown, Janice (November 2, 2015).
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1278:American expatriates in France
745:New International Encyclopedia
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595:One Hundred American Paintings
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93:Young Ladies' Female Academy,
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399:'s song "Low" from the album
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188:under the figurative painter
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1011:Cupid and Psyche as Children
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633:Dictionary of Women Artists
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1215:William-Adolphe Bouguereau
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1093:Elizabeth Jane Gardner
939:The Song of the Angels
647:R.E.M. video for "Low"
566:Letter to John Gardner
330:in Chicago, Illinois.
257:Lasell Female Seminary
247:, and some portraits.
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100:Lasell Female Seminary
25:Elizabeth Jane Gardner
1303:Lasell College alumni
963:The Young Shepherdess
819:Equality Before Death
663:civilwarwomenblog.com
393:Georgia Museum of Art
385:University of Georgia
381:Georgia Museum of Art
345:Daniel Chester French
309:Jules-Joseph Lefebvre
241:The Farmer's Daughter
194:Jules Joseph Lefebvre
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63:Exeter, New Hampshire
1131:Elizabeth Bouguereau
971:The Return of Spring
699:American Art Journal
630:Gaze, Delia (1997).
426:La Confidence (1880)
324:The Woman's Building
272:École des Beaux-Arts
1151:Henry Ossawa Tanner
1126:Eanger Irving Couse
1059:Queen of the Angels
987:Whisperings of Love
875:Maternal Admiration
524:Wissman, Fronia E.
352:Personal attributes
320:Palace of Fine Arts
1105:Art Renewal Center
979:The First Mourning
923:The Birth of Venus
851:Alone in the World
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473:The Imprudent Girl
439:David the Shepherd
245:The Breton Wedding
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1253:1837 births
1156:Paul Chabas
669:February 6,
401:Out of Time
297:Paris Salon
229:Maud Muller
42: 1860
37:Gardner in
1247:Categories
1075:The Oreads
615:August 11,
526:Bouguereau
480:References
387:filmmaker
261:Auburndale
213:Cinderella
95:Exeter, NH
55:1837-10-04
1229:Paintings
1201:Paintings
843:The Dance
811:Paintings
574:cite book
316:exhibited
87:Education
1114:Students
314:Gardner
165:, 1879,
117:Painting
1101:(tutor)
1086:Related
737::
721:at the
407:Gallery
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202:facture
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397:R.E.M.
280:Career
178:Exeter
123:Spouse
65:, U.S.
907:PietĂ
186:Paris
139:(
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931:Dawn
915:Rest
767:help
671:2017
617:2018
580:link
551:2022
512:2017
322:and
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