Psychological abuse

519:

neglect, has been identified as a risk factor for early initiation of sexual intercourse ... In families where child maltreatment had occurred, children were more likely to experience heightened emotional distress and subsequently to engage in sexual intercourse by age 14. It is possible that maltreated youth feel disconnected from families that did not protect them and subsequently seek sexual relationships to gain support, seek companionship, or enhance their standing with peers." It is apparent that psychological abuse sustained during childhood is a predictor of the onset of sexual conduct occurring earlier in life, as opposed to later.

388: 698:

abuse patterns in situations involving female abusers. According to Walsh and Shluman, "The higher rates of female initiated aggression may result, in part, from adolescents' attitudes about the unacceptability of male aggression and the relatively less negative attitudes toward female aggression". This concept that females are raised with fewer restrictions on aggressive behaviors (possibly due to the anxiety over aggression being focused on males) is a possible explanation for women who utilize aggression when being mentally abusive.

713:

actions of the abuser. Victims may try continually to alter their behavior and circumstances in order to please their abuser. Often, this results in further dependence of the individual on their abuser, as they may often change certain aspects of their lives that limit their resources. A 2002 study concluded that emotional abusers frequently aim to exercise total control of different aspects of family life. This behavior is only supported when the victim of the abuse aims to please their abuser.

490:

Coker et al. found that the effects of mental abuse were similar whether the victim was male or female. A 1998 study of male college students by Simonelli & Ingram found that men who were emotionally abused by their female partners exhibited higher rates of chronic depression than the general population. Pimlott-Kubiak and Cortina found that severity and duration of abuse were the only accurate predictors of after effects of abuse; sex of perpetrator or victim were not reliable predictors.

8338: 778:

concluded that the majority of men who commit spousal abuse agree that their behavior was inappropriate. A 1970 study concluded that a minority of men approve of spousal abuse under even limited circumstances. Studies from the 1970 and 1980s concluded that the majority of men are non-abusive towards girlfriends or wives for the duration of relationships, contrary to predictions that aggression or abuse towards women is an innate element of masculine culture.

8386: 8374: 8362: 771:

conclusions were "confusing and contradictory". Smith (1990) estimated that patriarchal beliefs were a causative factor for only 20% of wife abuse. Campbell (1993) writes that "there is not a simple linear correlation between female status and rates of wife assault." Other studies had similar findings. Additionally, a 1994 study of Hispanic Americans revealed that traditionalist men exhibited lower rates of abuse towards women.

300:) is so pervasive in dating relationships that it can be regarded as a normalized element of dating, and that women are substantially more likely to exhibit psychological aggression. Similar findings have been reported in other studies. Strauss et al. found that female intimate partners in heterosexual relationships were more likely than males to use psychological aggression, including threats to hit or throw an object. 8350: 4964: 345:(causing harm or distress to an older person), with results showing that 10.5% of the participants were victims of "emotional/psychological abuse", which was most often perpetrated by a son or other relative of the victim. Of 1288 cases in 2002–2004, 1201 individuals, 42 couples, and 45 groups were found to have been abused. Of these, 70% were female. Psychological abuse (59%) and 515:

self-esteem." Glaser also informs that the abuse impacts the child in a number of ways, especially on their behavior, including: "insecurity, poor self-esteem, destructive behavior, angry acts (such as fire setting and animal cruelty), withdrawal, poor development of basic skills, alcohol or drug abuse, suicide, difficulty forming relationships and unstable job histories."

503:

from that of physical abuse. Johnson et al. report that, in a survey of female patients, 24% suffered emotional abuse, and that this group experienced higher rates of gynecological problems. In their study of men emotionally abused by a wife/partner or parent, Hines and Malley-Morrison report that victims exhibit high rates of post-traumatic stress disorder and

803:

a woman's leaving her husband, ever", and 26% agreed with the statement that "a wife should submit to her husband and trust that God would honor her action by either stopping the abuse or giving her the strength to endure it." A 2016 report by the Muslim Women's Network UK cited several barriers for Muslim women in abusive marriages who seek divorce through

158:

emotional rather than physical. It can include anything from verbal abuse and constant criticism to more subtle tactics such as intimidation, manipulation, and refusal to ever be pleased. This abuse occurs when someone uses words or actions to try and control the other person, to keep someone afraid or isolated, or try to break someone's self-esteem.

782:

explain in terms of male domination." Additionally, Dutton said that "patriarchy must interact with psychological variables in order to account for the great variation in power-violence data. It is suggested that some forms of psychopathology lead to some men adopting patriarchal ideology to justify and rationalize their own pathology."

734:(1979) said that "Men who assault their wives are living up to cultural prescriptions that are cherished in Western society--aggressiveness, male dominance and female subordination--and they are using physical force as a means to enforce that dominance," while Walker claims that men exhibit a "socialized androcentric need for power". 308:

emotional abuse in marriage/dating; this report does not address boys or men suffering emotional abuse from families or intimate partners. A BBC radio documentary on domestic abuse, including emotional maltreatment, reports that 20% of men and 30% of women have been abused by a spouse or other intimate partner.

656:

bruising or malnutrition, it can be very hard to diagnose." Some researchers have, however, begun to develop methods to diagnose and treat such abuse, including the ability to: identify risk factors, provide resources to victims and their families, and ask appropriate questions to help identify the abuse.

802:

Some studies say that fundamentalist religious prohibitions against divorce may make it more difficult for religious men or women to leave an abusive marriage. A 1985 survey of Protestant clergy in the United States by Jim M Alsdurf found that 21% of them agreed that "no amount of abuse would justify

781:

In 1994, a researcher said that the numerous studies establishing that heterosexual and gay male relationships have lower rates of abuse than lesbian relationships, and the fact that women who have been involved with both men and women were more likely to have been abused by a woman "are difficult to

733:

A researcher in 1988 said that wife abuse stems from "normal psychological and behavioral patterns of most men ... feminists seek to understand why men, in general, use physical force against their partners and what functions this serves for a society in a given historical context". Dobash and Dobash

518:

Oberlander et al. performed a study which discovered that among the youth, those with a history of maltreatment showed that emotional distress is a predictor of early initiation of sexual intercourse. Oberlander et al. state, "A childhood history of maltreatment, including... psychological abuse, and

322:

Psychological abuse of a child is commonly defined as a pattern of behavior by parents or caregivers that can seriously interfere with a child's cognitive, emotional, psychological, or social development. According to the DSM-5, Child Psychological Abuse is defined as verbal or symbolic acts given by

750:

One source said that legal systems have in the past endorsed these traditions of male domination, and it is only in recent years that abusers have begun to be punished for their behavior. In 1879, a Harvard University law scholar wrote, "The cases in the American courts are uniform against the right

693:

and Taylor randomly surveyed a group of Los Angeles, California residents for their opinions of hypothetical vignettes of abuse in heterosexual relationships. Their study found that abuse committed by women, including emotional and psychological abuse such as controlling or humiliating behavior, was

668:

department, in which to report cases of psychological/emotional abuse. Also, many managers are required to participate in conflict management programs, in order to ensure the workplace maintains an "open and respectful atmosphere, with tolerance for diversity and where the existence of interpersonal

609:

Elderly who have suffered psychological abuse have been found to experience similar outcomes as other population groups such as depression, anxiety, feelings of isolation and neglect, and powerlessness. One study examined 355 Chinese elderly participants (60 and older) and found that 75% of reported

485:

tactics and an inability to balance self/other needs effectively." In a 2008 study on relationship dissatisfaction in adolescents Walsh and Shulman explain, "The more psychologically aggressive females were, the less satisfied were both partners. The unique importance of males' behavior was found in

307:

In 1996, the National Clearinghouse on Family Violence, for Health Canada, reported that 39% of married women or common-law wives suffered emotional abuse by husbands/partners; and a 1995 survey of women 15 and over 36–43% reported emotional abuse during childhood or adolescence, and 39% experienced

694:

typically viewed as less serious or detrimental than identical abuse committed by men. Additionally, Sorenson and Taylor found that respondents had a broader range of opinions about female perpetrators, representing a lack of clearly defined mores when compared to responses about male perpetrators.

685:

in how people tend to view emotional abuse by men versus emotional abuse by women. Follingstad et al. found that, when rating hypothetical vignettes of psychological abuse in marriages, professional psychologists tend to rate male abuse of females as more serious than identical scenarios describing

489:

There are many different responses to psychological abuse. Jacobson et al. found that women report markedly higher rates of fear during marital conflicts. However, a rejoinder argued that Jacobson's results were invalid due to men and women's drastically differing interpretations of questionnaires.

170:

The victim may experience severe psychological effects. This would involve the tactics of brainwashing, which can fall under psychological abuse as well, but emotional abuse consists of the manipulation of the victim's emotions. The victim may feel their emotions are being affected by the abuser to

697:

When considering the emotional state of psychological abusers, psychologists have focused on aggression as a contributing factor. While it is typical for people to consider males to be the more aggressive of the two sexes, researchers have studied female aggression to help understand psychological

655:

in the US, is often the only method of intervention, and the institute "must have demonstrable evidence that harm to a child has been done before they can intervene. Due to this a lot of victims may stay in the care of their abuser. Since emotional abuse doesn't result in physical evidence such as

368:

Pai and Lee found that the incidence of workplace violence typically occurs more often in younger workers. "Younger age may be a reflection of lack of job experience, resulting in to identify or prevent potentially abusive situations... Another finding showed that lower education is a risk factor

292:

Attempts to define and describe violence and abuse in hetero-normative intimate relationships can become contentious as different studies present different conclusions about whether men or women are the primary instigators. For instance, a 2005 study by Hamel reports that "men and women physically

288:

A 2012 review by Capaldi et al., which evaluated risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV), noted that psychological abuse has been shown to be both associated with and common in IPV. High levels of verbal aggression and relationship conflict, "practically akin to psychological aggression",

746:

figures. While the categories of crime and domestic abuse may cross-over, many instances of domestic abuse are either not regarded as crimes or reported to police—critics thus argue that it is inaccurate to regard the DOJ study as a comprehensive statement on domestic abuse.) A 2002 study reports

502:

English et al. report that children specifically whose families are characterized by interpersonal violence, including psychological aggression and verbal aggression, may exhibit these disorders. Additionally, English et al. report that the impact of emotional abuse "did not differ significantly"

303:

A study of young adults by Giordano et al. found that females in intimate heterosexual relationships were more likely than males to threaten to use a knife or gun against their partner. While studies allege that women use violence in intimate relationships as often or more often than men, women's

777:

A 1992 study challenge the concept that male abuse or control of women is culturally sanctioned, and concluded that abusive men are widely viewed as unsuitable partners for dating or marriage. A 1988 study concluded that a minority of abusive men qualify as pervasively misogynistic. A 1986 study

716:

Many abusers are able to control their victims in a manipulative manner, utilizing methods to persuade others to conform to the wishes of the abuser, rather than to force them to do something they do not wish to do. Simon argues that because aggression in abusive relationships can be carried out

712:

Dutton found that men who are emotionally or physically abused often encounter victim blaming that erroneously presumes the man either provoked or deserved the mistreatment by their female partners. Similarly, domestic violence victims will often blame their own behavior, rather than the violent

448:

Most victims of psychological abuse within intimate relationships often experience changes to their psyche and actions. This varies throughout the various types and lengths of emotional abuse. Long-term emotional abuse has long term debilitating effects on a person's sense of self and integrity.

364:

Rates of reported emotional abuse in the workplace vary, with studies showing 10%, 24%, and 36% of respondents indicating persistent and substantial emotional abuse from coworkers. Keashly and Jagatic found that males and females commit "emotionally abusive behaviors" in the workplace at roughly

326:

Some parents may emotionally and psychologically harm their children because of stress, poor parenting skills, social isolation, and lack of available resources or inappropriate expectations of their children. Straus and Field report that psychological aggression is a pervasive trait of American

514:

Glaser reports, "An infant who is severely deprived of basic emotional nurturance, even though physically well cared for, can fail to thrive and can eventually die. Babies with less severe emotional deprivation can grow into anxious and insecure children who are slow to develop and who have low

1945:

English, Diana J.; Graham, J. Christopher; Newton, Rae R.; Lewis, Terri L.; Richard, Thompson; Kotch, Jonathan B.; Weisbart, Cindy (May 2009). "At-risk and maltreated children exposed to intimate partner aggression/violence: what the conflict looks like and its relationship to child outcomes".

498:

The effects of psychological abuse on children can involve a variety of mental health concerns such as post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, personality disorders, low self-esteem, aggression, anxiety, and emotional unresponsiveness. These effects can be exemplified by the

480:

Marital or relationship dissatisfaction can be caused by psychological abuse or aggression. In a 2007 study, Laurent et al. report that psychological aggression in young couples is associated with decreased satisfaction for both partners: "psychological aggression may serve as an impediment to

770:

Peer-reviewed studies have produced inconsistent results when directly examining patriarchal beliefs and wife abuse. Yllo and Straus (1990) said that "low status" women in the United States suffered higher rates of spousal abuse; however, a rejoinder argued that Yllo and Straus's interpretive

161:

Emotional abuse can take several forms. Three general patterns of abusive behavior include aggressing, denying, and minimizing; "Withholding is another form of denying. Withholding includes refusing to listen, to communicate, and emotionally withdrawing as punishment." Even though there is no

280:

Domestic abuse—defined as chronic mistreatment in marriage, families, dating, and other intimate relationships—can include emotionally abusive behavior. Although psychological abuse does not always lead to physical abuse, physical abuse in domestic relationships is nearly always preceded and

157:

and researchers have offered different definitions of psychological abuse. According to current research the terms "psychological abuse" and "emotional abuse" can be used interchangeably, unless associated with psychological violence. More specifically, "emotional abuse" is any abuse that is

257:

When discussing the different types of psychological abuse in terms of domestically violent relationships, it is important to recognize the 4 different types; Denigrating Damage to Partner's Self-Image or Esteem, Passive Aggressive Withholding of Emotional Support, Threatening Behavior, and

627:

seek help, research has shown that people who participate in an intimate partner violence prevention program report less psychological aggression toward their targets of psychological abuse, and reported victimization from psychological abuse decreased over time for the treatment group.

818:

In today's world, various forms of abuse are increasingly being recognized in all parts of the world. The level of awareness regarding abuse varies from one country to another. Both victims and perpetrators around the world are being acknowledged more readily compared to past eras.

225:

where only one incident is necessary to label it as abuse. Tomison and Tucci write, "emotional abuse is characterized by a climate or pattern of behavior(s) occurring over time ... Thus, 'sustained' and 'repetitive' are the crucial components of any definition of emotional abuse."

3948: 456:

as abuse. A study of college students by Goldsmith and Freyd report that many who have experienced emotional abuse do not characterize the mistreatment as abusive. Additionally, Goldsmith and Freyd show that these people also tend to exhibit higher than average rates of

798:

God specifically punishes women after Adam and Eve disobey Him: "in sorrow, thou shalt bring forth children: and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee"; God also condemns Adam to a lifetime of work, for the sin of listening to his wife.

709:" led to a systematic reluctance to study women who psychologically and physically abuse their male partners. These findings state that existing cultural norms show males as more dominant and are therefore more likely to begin abusing their significant partners. 763:

A 1989 study concluded that many variables (racial, ethnic, cultural and subcultural, nationality, religion, family dynamics, and mental illness) make it very difficult or impossible to define male and female roles in any meaningful way that apply to the entire

1596:...male and female defendants, who were the subject of a complaint in domestic relations cases, while sometimes exhibiting different aggressive tendencies, measured almost equally abusive in terms of the overall level of psychological and physical aggression. 737:

While some women are aggressive and dominating to male partners, a 2003 report concluded that the majority of abuse in heterosexual partnerships, at about 80% in the US, is perpetrated by men. (Critics stress that this Department of Justice study examines

3436:

Schechter, Daniel S.; Myers, Michael M.; Brunelli, Susan A.; Coates, Susan W.; Zeanah, Jr., Charles H.; Davies, Mark; Grienenberger, John F.; Marshall, Randall D.; McCaw, Jaime E.; Trabka, Kimberly A.; Liebowitz, Michael R. (September–October 2006).

212:

argued that emotional abuse is "based on power and control", and defines emotional abuse as including rejecting, degrading, terrorizing, isolating, corrupting/exploiting and "denying emotional responsiveness" as characteristic of emotional abuse.

747:

that ten percent of violence in the UK, overall, is by females against males. However, more recent data specifically regarding domestic abuse (including emotional abuse) report that 3 in 10 women, and 1 in 5 men, have experienced domestic abuse.

426:

men exhibit two distinct types of interpersonal aggression (one against strangers, the other against intimate female partners), while antisocial women are rarely aggressive against anyone other than intimate male partners or their own children.

327:

families: "verbal attacks on children, like physical attacks, are so prevalent as to be just about universal." A 2008 study by English, et al. found that fathers and mothers were equally likely to be verbally aggressive towards their children.

790:

views of religions tend to reinforce emotional abuse, and that "Gender inequity is usually translated into a power imbalance with women being more vulnerable. This vulnerability is more precarious in traditional patriarchal societies."

449:

Often, research shows that emotional abuse is a precursor to physical abuse when three particular forms of emotional abuse are present in the relationship: threats, restriction of the abused party and damage to the victim's property.

276:

It has been reported that at least 80% of women who have entered the criminal justice system due to partner violence have also experienced psychological abuse from their partner. This partner violence is also known as domestic abuse.

430:

Abusers may aim to avoid household chores or exercise total control of family finances. Abusers can be very manipulative, often recruiting friends, law officers and court officials, and even the victim's family to their side, while

216:

Several studies have argued that an isolated incident of verbal aggression, dominant conduct or jealous behaviors does not constitute the term "psychological abuse". Rather, it is defined by a pattern of such behaviors, unlike

758:

While recognizing that researchers have done valuable work and highlighted neglected topics critics suggest that the male cultural domination hypothesis for abuse is untenable as a generalized explanation for numerous reasons:

323:

parent or caregiver which can result in significant psychological harm. Examples are yelling, comparing to others, name-calling, blaming, gaslighting, manipulating, and normalizing abuse due to the status of being underage.

2703:

Jacobson, Neil S.; Gottman, John M.; Waltz, Jennifer; Rushe, Regina; Babcock, Julia; Holtzworth-Munroe, Amy (October 1994). "Affect, verbal content, and psychophysiology in the arguments of couples with a violent husband".

566:

Loss of trust in the types of people that occupy similar positions as the harasser or their colleagues, especially in cases where they are not supportive, difficulties or stress on peer relationships, or relationships with

268:

Threatening Behavior refers to an individual making verbal threats towards their partner that could imply eliciting physical harm, threats of divorce, lying, and threats of reckless behavior that could put their safety at

990:

Dutton, Mary Ann; Goodman, Lisa A.; Bennett, Lauren (2000), "Court-involved battered women's responses to violence: the role of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse", in Maiuro, Roland D.; O'Leary, K. Daniel (eds.),

2769:

Coker, Ann L.; Davis, Keith E.; Arias, Ileana; Desai, Sujata; Sanderson, Maureen; Brandt, Heather M.; Smith, Paige H. (November 2002). "Physical and mental health effects of intimate partner violence for men and women".

166:

are a few verbally abusive behaviors that can affect a victim emotionally. The victim's self-worth and emotional well-being are altered and even diminished by the verbal abuse, resulting in an emotionally abused victim.

349:

abuse (42%) were the most frequently identified types of abuse. One study found that the overall prevalence rate of abused elderly in Hong Kong was 21.4%. Out of this percentage, 20.8% reported being verbally abused.

293:

and emotionally abuse each other at equal rates." Basile found that psychological aggression was effectively bidirectional in cases where heterosexual and homosexual couples went to court for domestic disturbances.

171:

such an extent that the victim may no longer recognize their own feelings regarding the issues the abuser is trying to control. The result is the victim's self-concept and independence are systematically taken away.

4928: 4913: 7855: 2037: 411:(a longitudinal birth cohort study) Moffitt et al. report that while men exhibit more aggression overall, sex is not a reliable predictor of interpersonal aggression, including psychological aggression. 265:

Passive Aggressive Withholding of Emotional Support refers to an individual intentionally avoiding and withdrawing themselves from their partner in an attempt to be neglectful and emotionally abandoning.

461:(difficulty identifying and processing their own emotions). This is often the case when referring to victims of abuse within intimate relationships, as non-recognition of the actions as abuse may be a 272:

Restricting Personal Territory and Freedom refers to the isolation of social support from family and friends. This could include taking away partner's autonomy and having a lack of personal boundaries.

2968:

Johnson, J.K.; John, R.; Humera, A.; Kukreja, S.; Found, M.; Lindow, S.W. (July 2007). "The prevalence of emotional abuse in gynaecology patients and its association with gynaecological symptoms".

610:

abusers were grown-up children of the elderly. Within this study, these individuals suffered outcomes from the abuse, specifically verbal abuse which contributed to their psychological distress.

499:

constant criticism, regular living with threats, or being rejected, that can be exemplified by withholding love and support as well as not having any guidance from the guardians of the children.

3093:

Oberlander, Sarah E.; Wang, Yan; Thompson, Richard; Lewis, Terri; Proctor, Laura J.; Isbell, Patricia; English, Diana J.; Dubowitz, Howard; Litrownik, Alan J.; Black, Maureen M. (December 2011).

1195:

Mega, Lesly Tamarin; Mega, Jessica Lee; Mega, Benjamin Tamarin; Harris, Beverly Moore (September–October 2000). "Brainwashing and battering fatigue: psychological abuse in domestic violence".

573:

Weakening of support network, or being ostracized from professional or academic circles (friends, colleagues, or family may distance themselves from the victim, or shun him or her altogether).

774:

Studies from the 1980s showed that treatment programs based on the patriarchal privilege model are flawed due to a weak connection between abusiveness and one's cultural or social attitudes.

234:

investigator, defines emotional abuse as "the systematic diminishment of another. It may be intentional or subconscious (or both), but it is always a course of conduct, not a single event."

3995:

Straus, Murray A. (1999), "The controversy over domestic violence by women: a methodological, theoretical, and sociology of science analysis", in Arriaga, Ximena B.; Oskamp, Stuart (eds.),

1751:

Giordano, Peggy C.; Millhollin, Toni J.; Cernkovich, Stephen A.; Pugh, M.D.; Rudolph, Jennifer L. (February 1999). "Deliquency, identity, and women's involvement in relationship violence".

3387: 2039:

Elder abuse and neglect prevention challenges for the future: including an analysis of referrals to Age Concern elder abuse and neglect prevention services from 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2006

365:

similar rates. In a web-based survey, Namie found that women were more likely to engage in workplace bullying, such as name calling, and that the average length of abuse was 16.5 months.

2472: 1404: 3340:

Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Jennifer; Turner, Lisa A. (August 2012). "The efficacy of an intimate partner violence prevention program with high-risk adolescent girls: a preliminary test".

4064:

Criminal Law Reports: Being Reports of Cases Determined in the Federal and State Courts of the United States, and in the Courts of England, Ireland, Canada, Etc. with Notes, Volume 2

2020: 4200:

Yllö, Kersti A.; Straus, Murray A. (1990), "Patriarchy and violence against wives: the impact of structural and normative factors", in Straus, Murray A.; Gelles, Richard J. (eds.),

3554:

Follingstad, Diane R.; DeHart, Dana D.; Green, Eric P. (August 2004). "Psychologists' judgments of psychologically aggressive actions when perpetrated by a husband versus a wife".

2502:

Follingstad, Diane R.; Rutledge, Larry L.; Berg, Barbara J.; Hause, Elizabeth S.; Polek, Darlene S. (June 1990). "The role of emotional abuse in physically abusive relationships".

1696:

Straus, Murray A.; Hamby, Sherry L.; Boney-McCoy, Sue; Sugarman, David B. (May 1996). "The revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2): development and preliminary psychometric data".

673:

policies for professional verbal abuse. Education and coaching are needed to help employees to improve their skills when responding to professional-to-professional verbal abuse.

2807:

Simonelli, Catherine J.; Ingram, Kathleen M. (December 1998). "Psychological distress among men experiencing physical and emotional abuse in heterosexual dating relationships".

1139: 531:

study of workplace emotional abuse found that 31% of women and 21% of men who reported workplace emotional abuse exhibited three key symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (

4556:

Dutton, Donald G.; Browning, James J. (1988), "Power struggles and intimacy anxieties as causative factors of violence in intimate relationships", in Russell, Gordon W. (ed.),

2194:

Keashly, Loraleigh; Jagatic, Karen (2010), "By any other name: American perspectives on workplace bullying", in Einarsen, Ståle; Hoel, Helge; Zapf, Dieter; et al. (eds.),

3420: 414:

The DARVO study found that no matter what gender a person is, aggressive people share a cluster of traits, including high rates of suspicion and jealousy; sudden and drastic

2133:

Burnazi, Laurela; Keashly, Loraleigh; Neuman, Joel H. (10 August 2005), "Aggression revisited: Prevalence, antecedents, and outcomes", in Dunn (chair), Jennifer R. (ed.),

369:

for violence." This study also reports that 51.4% of the workers surveyed have already experienced verbal abuse, and 29.8% of them have encountered workplace bullying and

7716: 807:

services. These barriers include: selectively quoting religious text to discourage divorce; blaming the woman for the failed marriage; placing greater weight on the

3439:"Traumatized mothers can change their minds about their toddlers: understanding how a novel use of videofeedback supports positive change of maternal attributions" 686:

female abuse of males: "the stereotypical association between physical aggression and males appears to extend to an association of psychological abuse and males".

2056: 5977: 701:

Some researchers have become interested in discovering exactly why women are usually not considered to be abusive. Hamel's 2007 study found that a "prevailing

651:

Child abuse in the sole form of emotional/psychological maltreatment is often the most difficult to identify and prevent, as government organizations, such as

408: 3274: 3034: 3684: 1895:

Straus, Murray A.; Field, Carolyn J. (November 2003). "Psychological aggression by American parents: national data on prevalence, chronicity, and severity".

623:

Recognition of abuse is the first step to prevention. It is often difficult for abuse victims to acknowledge their situation and to seek help. For those who

2882: 3303:

Piotrkowski, Chaya S. (1998), "34.28: Psychosocial and organizational factors: Interpersonal factors: sexual harassment", in Mager Stellman, Jeanne (ed.),

6324: 1251: 4146:

Coleman, Diane H.; Straus, Murray A. (Summer 1986). "Marital power, conflict, and violence in a nationally representative sample of American couples".

1570:

Basile, Steve (February 2004). "Comparison of abuse alleged by same- and opposite-gender litigants as cited in requests for abuse prevention orders".

4381:

Kantor, Glenda K.; Jasinski, Jana L.; Aldarondo, Etiony (Fall 1994). "Sociocultural status and incidence of marital violence in Hispanic families".

3692: 3602:; Taylor, Catherine A. (March 2005). "Female aggression toward male intimate partners: an examination of social norms in a community-based sample". 767:

A 1995 study concluded that disagreements about power-sharing in relationships are more strongly associated with abuse than are imbalances of power.

4511:

Dutton, Donald G.; Hemphill, Kenneth J. (Spring 1992). "Patterns of socially desirable responding among perpetrators and victims of wife assault".

486:

the form of withdrawal, a less mature conflict negotiation strategy. Males' withdrawal during joint discussions predicted increased satisfaction."

3405: 262:

Denigrating Damage refers to an individual using verbal aggression like yelling towards their partner that is delivered as profane and derogatory.

162:

established definition for emotional abuse, emotional abuse can possess a definition beyond verbal and psychological abuse. Blaming, shaming, and

7394: 5772: 2539: 2480: 1143: 7709: 3640: 2846: 2706: 1459: 2656:"Interaction and relationship development in stable young couples: effects of positive engagement, psychological aggression, and withdrawal" 2017: 570:

Effects on sexual life and relationships: can put extreme stress upon relationships with significant others, sometimes resulting in divorce.

7647: 7517: 557:

Having to drop courses, change academic plans, or leave school (loss of tuition) in fear of harassment repetition or as a result of stress.

3511:

Sofield, Laura; Salmond, Susan W. (July–August 2003). "Workplace violence: a focus on verbal abuse and intent to leave the organization".

3095:"Childhood maltreatment, emotional distress, and early adolescent sexual intercourse: multi-informant perspectives on parental monitoring" 3003:

Hines, Denise A.; Malley-Morrison, Kathleen (July 2001). "Psychological effects of partner abuse against men: a neglected research area".

6908: 6573: 1312: 1377: 1113: 6888: 4685:. Edmonton area series report, no. 53. Edmonton, Alta: Population Research Laboratory, Department of Sociology, University of Alberta. 3846:

Bograd, Michele Louise (1988), "Feminist perspectives on wife abuse: an introduction", in Yllö, Kersti; Bograd, Michele Louise (eds.),

3719: 1147: 1457:

Murphy, Christopher M.; O'Leary, K. Daniel (October 1989). "Psychological aggression predicts physical aggression in early marriage".

2235: 3417: 7702: 6939: 5471: 3645: 543:). The most common psychological, professional, financial, and social effects of sexual harassment and retaliation are as follows: 7200: 6317: 4701: 4583: 2772: 815:; and pressuring women into mediation or reconciliation rather than granting a divorce, even when domestic violence is present. 7205: 6999: 5956: 5240: 1991:

Choi, Namkee G.; Mayer, James (August 2000). "Elder abuse, neglect, and exploitation: risk factors and prevention strategies".

7875: 5797: 4852: 4739: 4639: 4565: 4495: 4470: 4435: 4215: 4130: 4101: 4004: 3894: 3861: 3830: 3798: 3495: 3322: 2753: 2638: 2611: 2586: 2427: 2399: 2306: 2203: 2050: 1871: 1554: 1387: 1295: 1123: 1000: 4020: 7145: 6729: 6676: 4968: 4788: 8192: 7880: 6656: 5561: 5503: 4760: 3958: 3752: 1234: 202:

that previous abusive incidents occurred). Modern technology has led to new forms of abuse, by text messaging and online

4869: 122:, amongst other behaviors that may cause an individual to feel unsafe. It also may be perpetrated by persons conducting 7985: 7652: 7221: 6979: 6310: 5498: 5373: 3711:

Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence: findings from the national violence against women survey

3204: 632: 4581:

Dutton, Donald G. (October 1986). "Wife assaulter's explanations for assault: the neutralization of self-punishment".

3250:"Commission Recommendation of 27 November 1991 on the protection of the dignity of women and men at work (92/131/EEC)" 2844:

Pimlott-Kubiak, Sheryl; Cortina, Lilia M. (June 2003). "Gender, victimization, and outcomes: reconceptualizing risk".

7595: 7170: 7165: 6811: 6626: 6231: 5961: 4301:

Sugarman, David B.; Frankel, Susan L. (March 1996). "Patriarchal ideology and wife-assault: a meta-analytic review".

3005: 2809: 2299:

Sex differences in antisocial behaviour conduct disorder, delinquency, and violence in the Dunedin longitudinal study

1735: 6666: 3286: 8417: 7978: 7616: 7175: 7105: 5508: 3031: 1224: 7657: 7180: 7035: 6989: 6873: 6704: 6566: 6179: 5986: 4996: 4666: 4185: 4045: 1405:"Prevalence and Characteristics of Psychological Abuse Reported by Court-Involved Battered Women | EndNote Click" 725:

tactics, victims often do not perceive the true nature of the relationship until conditions worsen considerably.

423: 17: 4783: 3641:"Toward a gender-inclusive conception of intimate partner violence research and theory: part 2 – new directions" 7160: 7100: 7030: 7015: 6192: 6132: 5493: 3050:

Glaser, Danya (June 2002). "Emotional abuse and neglect (psychological maltreatment): a conceptual framework".

1897: 1780:

Saunders, Daniel G. (December 2002). "Are Physical Assaults by Wives and Girlfriends a Major Social Problem?".

1255: 100: 2210: 1259: 8005: 7185: 7135: 7125: 7060: 6949: 6929: 6868: 6791: 6226: 6127: 6010: 5641: 5441: 5270: 5021: 3715: 3604: 3144: 1069: 1024: 859: 2231:

Paper presented at the New England Conference on Workplace Bullying, Suffolk University Law School, Boston.

296:

A 2007 study of Spanish college students aged 18–27 found that psychological aggression (as measured by the

8412: 8202: 8011: 7609: 7150: 7115: 7065: 7040: 7025: 6913: 6596: 6271: 6256: 6166: 6004: 5320: 4231:

Smith, Michael D. (Winter 1990). "Patriarchal ideology and wife beating: a test of a feminist hypothesis".

3954: 3748: 3099: 2323: 1948: 1170: 4278:"Prevention of wife battering: insights from cultural analysis. Nursing Network on Violence against Women" 3689: 7850: 7567: 7226: 7195: 7190: 7155: 7130: 7120: 7110: 7090: 7075: 7045: 6816: 6236: 6058: 6028: 3393: 3249: 1225:

National Domestic Violence Hotline; National Center for Victims of Crime; WomensLaw.org (23 July 2014).

8316: 7581: 7433: 7345: 7095: 7080: 7070: 7055: 7050: 6903: 6559: 6106: 6088: 6082: 6046: 5825: 5285: 3310: 3282: 2943: 884: 718: 422:; and higher than average rates of approval of violence and aggression. Moffitt et al. also argue that 175: 8354: 8087: 7995: 7900: 7890: 7793: 7482: 7401: 7380: 7140: 7085: 7020: 6959: 6883: 6796: 6606: 6333: 6184: 6040: 5951: 5946: 5855: 5290: 5230: 3397: 2182: 706: 652: 576: 107: 2860: 1911: 8269: 7885: 7870: 7800: 7778: 7588: 7574: 7461: 6719: 6276: 6197: 6034: 6016: 5992: 5431: 5305: 5051: 4943: 3785:(2010), "Epilogue: aggression and covert-aggression in a permissive and undisciplined society", in 3662: 1830: 1698: 1608:

Muñoz-Rivas, Marina J.; Gómez, José Luis Graña; O'Leary, K. Daniel; Lozano, Pilar González (2007).

527:

Psychological abuse has been found present within the workplace as evidenced by previous research.

186:, partner, children, or partner's family or friends, destruction of pets and property, and forcing 4699:

Kennedy, Leslie W.; Dutton, Donald G. (January 1989). "The incidence of wife assault in Alberta".

4203:

Physical violence in American families: risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families

2135:

Counterproductive work behaviors (symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management)

289:

strongly predicted IPV; male jealousy in particular was associated with female injuries from IPV.

8197: 7788: 7683: 7678: 7549: 7503: 7426: 6413: 5998: 5571: 4059: 4039: 3981: 3967: 3768: 3731: 3314: 3304: 3275:"Gender issues: articles from the ILO encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety, volume II" 2153:

The nature, extent, and impact of emotional abuse in the workplace: Results of a statewide survey

135: 83:

characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another person to a behavior that may result in

4207: 4201: 8284: 8264: 7973: 7830: 7535: 7510: 7447: 6611: 6171: 6158: 6070: 6064: 6022: 5787: 5366: 3853: 3847: 2855: 1906: 1782: 1649:"Directly observed interaction within adolescent romantic relationships: What have we learned?" 1324: 804: 392: 297: 252: 187: 3178: 2434: 2422:. Helen Marx (translator, from French); Thomas Moore (afterword). New York: Helen Marx Books. 1610:"Physical and psychological aggression in dating relationships in Spanish university students" 8239: 8207: 8132: 7961: 7951: 6671: 6515: 6221: 6076: 5461: 5275: 5090: 5026: 4513: 4383: 4338: 4233: 4206:, Christine Smith (contributor), New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, pp. 4148: 4096:. Susan Golant (contributor). Princeton, New Jersey: Recording for the Blind & Dyslexic. 3912: 3886: 3678: 3556: 3401: 2196:

Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: American perspectives in research and practice

2176: 2156: 2138: 1753: 942: 346: 3224: 631:

There are non-profit organizations that provide support and prevention services such as the

8366: 8234: 7475: 6246: 5972: 5870: 5820: 5767: 5752: 5731: 5656: 5523: 5513: 5483: 5411: 5310: 3389:

Tough problems, tough choices: guidelines for needs-based service planning in child welfare

889: 869: 839: 190:

from family, friends, or school or work. More subtle emotionally abusive behaviors include

84: 4336:

Felson, Richard B.; Outlaw, Maureen C. (2007). "The control motive and marital violence".

2446: 2232: 669:

frustration and friction is accepted but also properly managed." Organizations must adopt

8: 8378: 8321: 8229: 8182: 7895: 7440: 7387: 7373: 7274: 6944: 6771: 6520: 6241: 6216: 6100: 5896: 5835: 5518: 5396: 5220: 5203: 5122: 5013: 4989: 4932: 3974: 3761: 3245: 1583: 874: 849: 462: 96: 60: 5916: 2896:"Parental Psychological Abuse toward children and Mental Health Problems in adolescence" 2537:

Goldsmith, Rachel E.; Freyd, Jennifer J. (April 2005). "Awareness for emotional abuse".

1347: 940:

Dutton, Donald G. (Summer 1994). "Patriarchy and wife assault: the ecological fallacy".

387: 8291: 8244: 8153: 7642: 7489: 7249: 6994: 6821: 6525: 6505: 6479: 6382: 6251: 6145: 6117: 5941: 5716: 5488: 5446: 5300: 5192: 5142: 5095: 5063: 5046: 4937: 4834: 4538: 4460: 4408: 4363: 4318: 4258: 4173: 4119: 4090: 3621: 3581: 3536: 3463: 3438: 3365: 3121: 3094: 3075: 3022: 2920: 2895: 2826: 2680: 2655: 2556: 2519: 2385: 2356: 2115: 2008: 1973: 1924: 1809: 1766: 1715: 1673: 1648: 1587: 1522: 1495: 1432: 1094: 1049: 967: 894: 879: 636: 591: 536: 474: 359: 131: 119: 92: 3151:. Dealing with sexual harassment: with focus on Santa Cruz, California. Archived from 3063: 2785: 2671: 1664: 8385: 8342: 8274: 8254: 8148: 7990: 7921: 7662: 6631: 6621: 6582: 6489: 6469: 5936: 5646: 5359: 5325: 5080: 4848: 4842: 4807: 4764: 4735: 4686: 4635: 4561: 4530: 4491: 4466: 4441: 4431: 4400: 4355: 4250: 4211: 4165: 4126: 4097: 4067: 4000: 3929: 3890: 3879: 3857: 3826: 3794: 3625: 3617: 3573: 3528: 3524: 3491: 3468: 3386:

Field, T.; Winterfield, A., "Abuse, part 2: sexual abuse", in Englewood, C.O. (ed.),

3357: 3318: 3126: 3067: 2985: 2925: 2907: 2873: 2830: 2789: 2749: 2723: 2685: 2634: 2628: 2607: 2582: 2423: 2395: 2361: 2343: 2324:"Domestic violence and abuse in intimate relationship from public health perspective" 2302: 2279: 2274: 2257: 2199: 2119: 2107: 2046: 1965: 1920: 1877: 1867: 1813: 1725: 1719: 1678: 1621: 1550: 1527: 1494:

Capaldi, Deborah M.; Knoble, Naomi B.; Shortt, Joann Wu; Kim, Hyoun K. (April 2012).

1476: 1424: 1383: 1352: 1291: 1285: 1204: 1119: 1086: 1041: 996: 959: 466: 453: 435:. A victim may internalize the abuse and may form future relationships with abusers. 248: 51: 4948: 4630:

Stark, R.; McEvoy, J. (1972), "Middle class violence", in Articles (various) (ed.),

4542: 4412: 4367: 4322: 4262: 4177: 3585: 3540: 3369: 3026: 2565: 2560: 2523: 2012: 1977: 1609: 1591: 1213: 971: 550:

Decreased work or school performance as a result of stressful conditions; increased

8249: 8103: 7820: 7289: 7259: 7254: 6826: 6776: 6510: 6443: 5875: 5830: 5711: 5606: 5451: 5406: 5187: 5162: 5073: 5068: 4797: 4710: 4616: 4611: 4592: 4522: 4392: 4347: 4310: 4242: 4157: 4035: 3977: 3963: 3921: 3764: 3727: 3654: 3613: 3565: 3520: 3458: 3450: 3349: 3116: 3108: 3079: 3059: 3014: 2977: 2915: 2865: 2818: 2781: 2715: 2675: 2667: 2548: 2511: 2351: 2335: 2269: 2099: 2000: 1957: 1916: 1799: 1791: 1762: 1707: 1668: 1660: 1579: 1517: 1509: 1468: 1436: 1416: 1098: 1078: 1067:

Thompson, Anne E.; Kaplan, Carole A. (February 1996). "Childhood emotional abuse".

1053: 1033: 1022:

Thompson, Anne E.; Kaplan, Carole A. (February 1996). "Childhood emotional abuse".

951: 899: 540: 470: 281:

accompanied by psychological abuse. Murphy and O'Leary reported that psychological

139: 88: 7694: 6052: 4659:

Is family violence increasing? A comparison of 1975 and 1985 national survey rates

4030: 8390: 8217: 8123: 8072: 7930: 7602: 7496: 7454: 7269: 6724: 6540: 5777: 5591: 5581: 5535: 5478: 5466: 5255: 5172: 4838: 4425: 4076: 3818: 3814: 3786: 3782: 3724: 3696: 3424: 3152: 3038: 2981: 2577:

Weiten, Wayne; Lloyd, Margaret A.; Dunn, Dana S.; Hammer, Elizabeth Yost (2008).

2406: 2239: 2024: 1835: 1739: 1007: 834: 795: 682: 665: 597: 3569: 2036:

Age Concern New Zealand, ed. (October 2007), "Executive summary: key findings",

1226: 812: 808: 8046: 7865: 7860: 7726: 7542: 7408: 7320: 7305: 7284: 6757: 6686: 6616: 6474: 6438: 6367: 6362: 6281: 5706: 5676: 5596: 5566: 5330: 5260: 5245: 5235: 5225: 5152: 5056: 4982: 4351: 3925: 3599: 2869: 2822: 2719: 2103: 1711: 1547:

Gender-inclusive treatment of intimate partner abuse: evidence-based approaches

1472: 909: 844: 787: 690: 670: 532: 504: 432: 218: 203: 4922: 4488:

The domestic assault of women: psychological and criminal justice perspectives

4396: 4246: 4161: 3353: 1513: 955: 8406: 8301: 7956: 7856:

Eosinophilic, polymorphic, and pruritic eruption associated with radiotherapy

7468: 7330: 7310: 7264: 6954: 6762: 6714: 6699: 6484: 6286: 6153: 6094: 5906: 5845: 5840: 5782: 5601: 5421: 5401: 5335: 5041: 4841:(1992). "More help for you and your kids: for family, friends, and helpers". 4526: 3018: 2911: 2654:

Laurent, Heidemarie K.; Kima, Hyoun K.; Capaldi, Deborah M. (December 2008).

2391: 2347: 2297:

Moffitt, Terrie E.; Caspi, Avshalom; Rutter, Michael; Silva, Phil A. (2001).

2258:"Risk factors for workplace violence in clinical registered nurses in Taiwan" 2111: 2087: 1961: 1881: 1500: 1420: 1290:. New York Toronto New York: Free Press Collier Macmillan Maxwell Macmillan. 722: 227: 209: 6302: 4690: 4445: 4071: 3244: 1795: 8051: 7966: 7825: 7815: 7757: 7752: 7279: 6984: 6863: 6836: 6786: 6661: 6648: 6530: 6423: 6377: 6352: 6261: 5911: 5891: 5865: 5736: 5666: 5636: 5556: 5528: 5265: 5197: 5177: 5167: 5157: 5127: 4811: 4802: 4768: 4359: 3577: 3532: 3472: 3361: 3130: 3071: 2989: 2929: 2877: 2793: 2689: 2365: 2283: 1969: 1732: 1729: 1682: 1625: 1531: 1428: 1208: 904: 752: 640: 600:(weight loss or gain), alcoholism, and feeling powerless or out of control. 580: 419: 222: 179: 163: 4534: 4404: 4254: 4169: 3933: 2727: 2552: 2473:"Emotional abuse of women by their intimate partners: a literature review" 2339: 2004: 1630: 1480: 1090: 1082: 1045: 1037: 963: 8108: 8082: 8077: 7783: 7773: 7637: 7340: 7335: 6934: 6878: 6781: 6766: 6709: 6694: 6464: 6291: 6266: 5762: 5626: 5611: 5340: 5315: 5137: 5112: 5102: 5085: 5036: 4026: 3910:

Walker, Lenore E. (April 1989). "Psychology and violence against women".

1804: 914: 702: 551: 458: 342: 336: 317: 195: 115: 4905: 3709: 3658: 2970:

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

8306: 8259: 8187: 8113: 8030: 8000: 7946: 7805: 7325: 7315: 6801: 6459: 6428: 6387: 6140: 5860: 5850: 5671: 5651: 5631: 5621: 5586: 5295: 5117: 5107: 4314: 3791:

In sheep's clothing: understanding and dealing with manipulative people

3454: 2944:"Identification of Emotional Abuse - Child Welfare Information Gateway" 2515: 1928: 1866:(5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. 1642: 1640: 1638: 1171:"Domestic violence and abuse: signs of abuse and abusive relationships" 864: 854: 664:

The majority of companies within the United States provide access to a

563:

Loss of trust in environments similar to where the harassment occurred.

528: 508: 415: 282: 143: 56: 4426:

Browning, James J.; National Clearinghouse on Family Violence (1984).

4277: 3973:

For the most recent statistics on intimate partner violence visit the

3760:

For the most recent statistics on intimate partner violence visit the

1549:(2nd ed.). New York, New York: Springer Publishing Company, LLC. 8311: 8279: 7810: 6392: 5901: 5757: 5696: 4730:

Straus, Murray A.; Gelles, Richard J.; Steinmetz, Suzanne K. (1980).

4714: 4596: 3112: 587: 231: 183: 154: 6551: 4870:"Information and Guidance on Muslim Marriage and Divorce in Britain" 4754: 1635: 8160: 7925: 6898: 6893: 6831: 6747: 6418: 6408: 6372: 5792: 5726: 5721: 5686: 5576: 5551: 5382: 5182: 5031: 3199:

unknown (16 March 1998). "Sexual harassment: myths and realities".

1496:"A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence" 829: 482: 127: 111: 3490:. Chichester, England Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. 2387:

Why does he do that? Inside the minds of angry and controlling men

8118: 7905: 6806: 6433: 6357: 6347: 5691: 5661: 5456: 5436: 5132: 4844:

When love goes wrong: what to do when you can't do anything right

4282: 2581:(9th ed.). Belmont, California: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. 2579:

Psychology applied to modern life: adjustment in the 21st century

1607: 370: 123: 3999:, Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, pp. 17–44, 1750: 5616: 5426: 5416: 5250: 4963: 4917: 4784:"Gender inequity in Saudi Arabia and its role in public health" 3825:, Little Rock, Arkansas: Parkhurst Brothers, pp. 118–119, 3793:, Little Rock, Arkansas: Parkhurst Brothers, pp. 111–136, 547:

Psychological stress and health impairment, loss of motivation.

199: 191: 2420:

Stalking the soul: emotional abuse and the erosion of identity

1695: 6752: 6601: 6535: 5701: 5005: 4428:

Stopping the violence: Canadian programmes for assaultive men

382: 304:

violence is typically self-defensive rather than aggressive.

285:

is the most reliable predictor of later physical aggression.

80: 3435: 3339: 2501: 2088:"Prevalence and Psychological Impact of Chinese Elder Abuse" 1864:

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5

755:, moderate or otherwise, toward the wife, for any purpose." 452:

Psychological abuse is often not recognized by survivors of

7747: 5351: 3222: 3092: 3306:

Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety, volume II

5280: 2702: 1840: 4974: 4755:

Schulman, Mark A.; Kentucky Commission on Women (1979).

2967: 2161:

Paper presented at the Academy of Management Conference.

1944: 560:

Being objectified and humiliated by scrutiny and gossip.

469:

in order to either seek to master, minimize or tolerate

4380: 3852:, Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications, p. 3209: 2296: 2198:(2nd ed.), London New York: Taylor & Francis, 2035: 1279: 1277: 4757:

A survey of spousal violence against women in Kentucky

3553: 2334:(3): The risk factors of domestic violence and abuse. 2301:. Cambridge, UK New York: Cambridge University Press. 2171:

Keashly, Loraleigh; Neuman, Joel H. (September 2000).

2086:

YAN, ELSIE; TANG, CATHERINE SO-KUM (1 November 2001).

1493: 995:, New York: Springer Publishing Company, p. 197, 409:

Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study

194:, putdowns, arbitrary and unpredictable behavior, and 178:

defines emotionally abusive traits as causing fear by

6753:

Deny, attack, and reverse victim and offender (DARVO)

4729: 4184:

Initially presented as a paper at the meeting of the

3881:

Violence against wives: a case against the patriarchy

2843: 2576: 2173:

Exploring persistent patterns of workplace aggression

1825: 1823: 935: 933: 931: 481:

couples' development because it reflects less mature

46:

Psychological violence, emotional abuse, mental abuse

4895: 4732:

Behind closed doors: violence in the American family

4661:. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. 3002: 2768: 2739: 2737: 2132: 1647:

Welsh, Deborah P.; Shulman, Shmuel (December 2008).

1274: 989: 7724: 3486:Kinder, Andrew; Hughes, Rick; Cooper, Cary (2008). 2748:. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. 2151:Jagatic, Karen; Burnazi, Laurela (September 2000). 1940: 1938: 403:), a man gazing obsessively into his own reflection 4781: 4118: 4089: 3878: 3708:Tjaden, Patricia G.; Thoennes, Nancy (July 2000). 3485: 2653: 2630:Handbook of coping: theory, research, applications 2251: 2249: 2247: 2045:, Wellington: Age Concern New Zealand, p. 6, 1820: 1313:"Emotional abuse: the hidden form of maltreatment" 1287:Recognizing child abuse: a guide for the concerned 1194: 1017: 1015: 928: 4782:Mobaraki, A.E.H.; Söderfeldt, B. (January 2010). 4734:. Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday. 3683:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 ( 3381: 3379: 2734: 2220: 2218: 1456: 1379:Psychological Abuse in Violent Domestic Relations 1115:Psychological Abuse in Violent Domestic Relations 993:Psychological abuse in violent domestic relations 8404: 4632:Change: readings in society & human behavior 3823:Character disturbance: the phenomenon of our age 3488:Employee well-being support a workplace resource 2627:Zeidner, Moshe; Endler, Norman S., eds. (1996). 1935: 1246: 1244: 7395:Power and Control: Domestic Violence in America 5773:Canadian Centre for Gender and Sexual Diversity 4634:, Del Mar, California: CRM Books, p. 272, 4300: 4125:. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications. 3185:. Psychology, Science and Health. 30 April 2015 2894:Iram Rizvi, Syeda Fariha; Najam, Najma (2014). 2893: 2806: 2244: 1317:National Child Protection Clearing House (NCPC) 1311:Tomison, Adam M.; Tucci, Joe (September 1997). 1169:Smith, Melinda; Segal, Jeanne (December 2014). 1060: 1012: 7603:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 4833: 4681:Kennedy, Leslie W.; Dutton, Donald G. (1987). 4657:Straus, Murray A.; Gelles, Richard J. (1990). 4560:, Great Neck, New York: PMA Publishing Corp., 4555: 4510: 4458: 4058: 3745:Intimate partner violence in the United States 3707: 3598: 3510: 3376: 2536: 2321: 2215: 2193: 2181:Paper presented at the Academy of Management. 2150: 1066: 1021: 146:such as where perpetrated by state and media. 27:Mental or emotional harm inflicted on a person 7710: 6567: 6332: 6318: 5367: 4990: 4698: 4680: 4462:Spouse abuse: a treatment program for couples 4430:. Ottawa, Canada: Health and Welfare Canada. 4145: 4121:Family violence in cross-cultural perspective 4046:Office for National Statistics (ONS) website. 2847:Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2707:Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2626: 2170: 1460:Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1241: 443: 376: 258:Restricting Personal Territory and Freedom: 134:, particularly without legal redress such as 7648:National Coalition Against Domestic Violence 4656: 4335: 3877:Dobash, R. Emerson; Dobash, Russell (1979). 3876: 3661:(inactive 12 September 2024). Archived from 3385: 3254:Official Journal of the European Communities 3246:Commission of the European Communities (EEC) 1646: 1310: 618: 4875:. Muslim Women's Network UK. pp. 40–46 4629: 4609: 4044:For the most recent figures visit the UK's 3302: 3216: 2379: 2377: 2375: 1894: 1375: 1111: 742:figures, and does not specifically address 8361: 7717: 7703: 6574: 6560: 6325: 6311: 5374: 5360: 4997: 4983: 4465:. Champaign, Illinois: Research Press Co. 4199: 3720:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 3266: 3223:Stop violence against women (9 May 2007). 2322:Rakovec-Felser, Zlatka (22 October 2014). 1168: 106:It is often associated with situations of 4801: 4459:Neidig, Peter; Friedman, Dale H. (1984). 3742: 3462: 3160: 3120: 2919: 2859: 2679: 2417: 2355: 2273: 2256:Pai, Hsiang-Chu; Lee, Sheuan (May 2011). 1990: 1910: 1803: 1672: 1521: 985: 983: 981: 522: 242: 6940:Effects of domestic violence on children 4683:The incidence of wife assault in Alberta 4669:, San Diego, California, November, 1985. 4275: 4116: 3947:Rennison, Callie Marie (February 2003). 3946: 3179:"Sexual Harassment: Myths and Realities" 2383: 2372: 1779: 1283: 1162: 386: 330: 311: 108:power imbalance in abusive relationships 4702:Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 4610:Stark, R.; McEvoy, J. (November 1970). 4584:Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 4019:Simmons, Jon; et al. (July 2002). 4018: 3743:Cantalano, Shannan (28 December 2006). 3272: 3198: 2773:American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2470: 2085: 2081: 2079: 2077: 1402: 1371: 1369: 1367: 1365: 1363: 1144:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 604: 590:, difficulty concentrating, headaches, 14: 8405: 7222:Domestic violence in Christian culture 5957:International Stand Up to Bullying Day 5241:Complex post-traumatic stress disorder 4847:. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. 4665:Initially presented as a paper to the 4580: 4485: 4087: 3994: 3909: 3845: 3049: 2743: 2601: 2570: 2479:. Springtide Resources. Archived from 2255: 1569: 1403:Klesges, K. Henning and L. M. (2003). 1348:"You carry the cure in your own heart" 1345: 978: 939: 676: 103:amongst other psychological problems. 7876:Radiation-induced erythema multiforme 7698: 6581: 6555: 6306: 5798:Society Against Violence in Education 5355: 4978: 4867: 4230: 4092:The batterer: a psychological profile 3817:(2011), "The aggressive pattern", in 3813: 3781: 3646:International Journal of Men's Health 3638: 3145:"Common effects of sexual harassment" 2606:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2229:. Workplace Bullying Institute (WBI). 2224: 1993:Journal of Gerontological Social Work 1544: 149: 8349: 7227:Domestic violence in Islamic culture 6677:Sexual violence by intimate partners 4789:Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 4022:Crime in England and Wales 2001/2002 3950:Intimate partner violence, 1993-2001 2900:Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2074: 1360: 717:subtly and covertly through various 493: 341:Choi and Mayer performed a study on 8193:Pseudoverrucous papules and nodules 7881:Radiation-induced hypertrophic scar 6657:Genital modification and mutilation 5562:Bullying and emotional intelligence 3849:Feminist perspectives on wife abuse 3006:Psychology of Men & Masculinity 2604:Coping the psychology of what works 1105: 659: 24: 7653:National Domestic Violence Hotline 4558:Violence in intimate relationships 3997:Violence in intimate relationships 3205:American Psychological Association 3163:Women's Crisis Support publication 2227:U.S. Hostile Workplace Survey 2000 2029: 1984: 1767:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1999.tb00478.x 1584:10.1023/B:JOFV.0000011583.75406.6a 728: 633:National Domestic Violence Hotline 230:, an author, attorney, and former 25: 8429: 7596:Journal of Interpersonal Violence 6232:Machiavellianism in the workplace 4891: 2810:Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2672:10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.11.001 2092:Journal of Interpersonal Violence 1665:10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.10.001 1409:Journal of Interpersonal Violence 1346:Vachss, Andrew (28 August 1994). 1070:The British Journal of Psychiatry 1025:The British Journal of Psychiatry 811:; requiring the woman to present 554:in fear of harassment repetition. 407:In their review of data from the 142:, false convictions, and extreme 8384: 8372: 8360: 8348: 8337: 8336: 7979:Inner ear decompression sickness 4962: 4861: 4827: 4818: 4775: 4748: 4723: 4674: 4650: 3885:. New York: Free Press. p. 3618:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00170.x 3525:10.1097/00006416-200307000-00008 3231:. The Advocates for Human Rights 3201:APA Public Information Home Page 2418:Hirigoyen, Marie-France (2004). 2275:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03650.x 1921:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00795.x 646: 8373: 6990:Management of domestic violence 6874:Domestic violence and pregnancy 6705:Domestic violence and pregnancy 6185:Kauhajoki School of Hospitality 4868:Gohir, Shaista (January 2016). 4667:American Society of Criminology 4603: 4574: 4549: 4504: 4479: 4452: 4419: 4374: 4329: 4294: 4269: 4224: 4193: 4186:American Society of Criminology 4139: 4110: 4081: 4066:. New York: Hurd and Houghton. 4052: 4012: 3988: 3940: 3903: 3870: 3839: 3807: 3775: 3736: 3701: 3632: 3592: 3547: 3504: 3479: 3429: 3333: 3171: 3137: 3086: 3043: 2996: 2961: 2936: 2887: 2837: 2800: 2762: 2696: 2647: 2620: 2595: 2530: 2495: 2464: 2439: 2411: 2315: 2290: 2187: 2183:Pdf of conference presentation. 2164: 2144: 2126: 1888: 1856: 1773: 1744: 1689: 1601: 1563: 1538: 1487: 1450: 1396: 1382:. Springer Publishing Company. 1339: 1304: 1118:. Springer Publishing Company. 4188:, San Diego, California, 1985. 3225:"Effects of sexual harassment" 1898:Journal of Marriage and Family 1256:Public Health Agency of Canada 1218: 1197:North Carolina Medical Journal 1188: 1132: 101:post-traumatic stress disorder 13: 1: 8213:environmental skin conditions 8006:High-altitude pulmonary edema 7610:Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 7518:What's Love Got to Do with It 6950:Parental bullying of children 6930:Adverse childhood experiences 6869:Domestic violence against men 6227:List of LGBT-related suicides 6128:Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold 5442:Parental bullying of children 5022:Adverse childhood experiences 3716:National Institute of Justice 3605:Psychology of Women Quarterly 3064:10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00342-3 2786:10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00514-7 1284:Besharov, Douglas J. (1990). 1258:. 4 July 2011. Archived from 921: 860:Isolation to facilitate abuse 613: 397: 237: 8203:Tropical anhidrotic asthenia 8012:High-altitude cerebral edema 6914:Social emotional development 6272:Social dominance orientation 6257:Psychopathy in the workplace 5381: 3955:Bureau of Justice Statistics 3749:Bureau of Justice Statistics 3443:Infant Mental Health Journal 3100:Journal of Family Psychology 2982:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.04.035 2746:Rethinking domestic violence 2471:Packota, Valerie J. (2000). 2447:"Mental Abuse And Addiction" 2225:Namie, Gary (October 2000). 433:shifting blame to the victim 353: 7: 8225:frictional/traumatic/sports 7851:Chronic radiation keratosis 7568:Contemporary Family Therapy 6817:Passive-aggressive behavior 6730:Situational couple violence 6499:Related manipulation topics 6237:Narcissism in the workplace 4490:. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. 3570:10.1891/vivi.19.4.435.64165 3394:American Humane Association 2602:Snyder, C. R., ed. (1999). 2262:Journal of Clinical Nursing 1376:O'Leary, K. Daniel (2004). 1112:O'Leary, K. Daniel (2004). 822: 10: 8434: 8317:Pseudoacanthosis nigricans 6980:Domestic violence hotlines 6904:Parental abuse by children 4761:U.S. Department of Justice 4486:Dutton, Donald G. (1988). 4352:10.1891/088667007781553964 4303:Journal of Family Violence 4088:Dutton, Donald G. (2004). 3959:U.S. Department of Justice 3926:10.1037/0003-066X.44.4.695 3753:U.S. Department of Justice 3311:International Labor Office 3283:International Labor Office 2870:10.1037/0022-006X.71.3.528 2823:10.1177/088626098013006001 2744:Dutton, Donald G. (2006). 2720:10.1037/0022-006X.62.5.982 2540:Journal of Emotional Abuse 2504:Journal of Family Violence 2328:Health Psychology Research 2104:10.1177/088626001016011004 1712:10.1177/019251396017003001 1572:Journal of Family Violence 1473:10.1037/0022-006X.57.5.579 1252:"What is Emotional Abuse?" 1235:U.S. Department of Justice 885:Psychological manipulation 751:of the husband to use any 444:Abuse of intimate partners 438: 380: 377:Characteristics of abusers 357: 334: 315: 246: 176:U.S. Department of Justice 8332: 8169: 8141: 8096: 8088:Space adaptation syndrome 8065: 8039: 8023: 7996:Chronic mountain sickness 7939: 7914: 7901:Radiation recall reaction 7891:Radiation-induced morphea 7843: 7794:Warm water immersion foot 7766: 7740: 7733: 7671: 7630: 7559: 7527: 7418: 7381:The Conspiracy of Silence 7365: 7358: 7298: 7242: 7235: 7214: 7008: 6972: 6960:Stress in early childhood 6922: 6884:Intimate partner violence 6856: 6849: 6797:Major depressive disorder 6738: 6685: 6647: 6640: 6607:Abusive power and control 6589: 6498: 6452: 6401: 6340: 6334:Manipulation (psychology) 6209: 6116: 5970: 5952:International Day of Pink 5947:Anti-bullying legislation 5929: 5884: 5813: 5806: 5745: 5544: 5389: 5231:Abusive power and control 5213: 5012: 5004: 4899: 4397:10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.207 4247:10.1891/0886-6708.5.4.257 4162:10.1891/0886-6708.1.2.141 3398:Annie E. Casey Foundation 3354:10.1007/s11121-011-0240-7 3052:Child Abuse & Neglect 1514:10.1891/1946-6560.3.2.231 956:10.1891/0886-6708.9.2.167 707:intimate partner violence 653:Child Protective Services 619:In intimate relationships 50: 42: 37: 8270:Weathering nodule of ear 7886:Radiation-induced keloid 7871:Radiation-induced cancer 7801:Non-freezing cold injury 7779:Immersion foot syndromes 7589:Journal of Family Issues 6720:Murder of pregnant women 6277:Suicide among LGBT youth 5306:Psychological projection 5168:Referee and umpire abuse 4527:10.1891/0886-6708.7.1.29 4117:Levinson, David (1989). 4060:St. John Green, Nicholas 3695:19 November 2015 at the 3019:10.1037/1524-9220.2.2.75 2384:Bancroft, Lundy (2002). 2238:27 December 2011 at the 1962:10.1177/1077559508326287 1853:A BBC radio documentary. 1699:Journal of Family Issues 1421:10.1177/0886260503253878 8418:Harassment and bullying 8198:Sclerosing lymphangitis 7789:Tropical immersion foot 7684:Domestic violence court 7504:Sleeping with the Enemy 6414:Character assassination 5572:Character assassination 4612:"Middle class violence" 4276:Campbell, J.C. (1993). 3309:, Geneva, Switzerland: 3161:Dervin Flower, Hilary. 2477:springtideresources.org 1796:10.1177/107780102237964 1738:25 October 2017 at the 786:A 2010 study said that 182:, threatening physical 136:detention without trial 8285:Painful fat herniation 8265:Vibration white finger 7974:Decompression sickness 7831:Erythrocyanosis crurum 7679:Battered woman defense 7617:Violence Against Women 7000:Prevention initiatives 6909:Same-sex relationships 6667:Birth control sabotage 6612:Conflict tactics scale 5962:Think Before You Speak 5856:James O'Higgins Norman 5788:It Gets Better Project 5499:Information technology 4803:10.26719/2010.16.1.113 4514:Violence & Victims 4384:Violence & Victims 4339:Violence & Victims 4234:Violence & Victims 4149:Violence & Victims 3557:Violence & Victims 3273:Piotrkowski, Chaya S. 2660:Journal of Adolescence 2390:. New York, New York: 1783:Violence Against Women 1653:Journal of Adolescence 1146:. 2007. Archived from 943:Violence & Victims 681:Several studies found 523:Abuse in the workplace 404: 298:Conflict Tactics Scale 253:Intimate relationships 243:Intimate relationships 120:abuse in the workplace 77:psychological violence 8240:Fissure of the nipple 8208:UV-sensitive syndrome 8133:Adverse drug reaction 7962:Middle ear barotrauma 7952:Arterial gas embolism 6672:Reproductive coercion 6516:Internet manipulation 6402:Negative manipulation 6341:Positive manipulation 6247:Personality disorders 6222:Just-world hypothesis 5462:Relational aggression 5276:Just-world hypothesis 5027:Anti-social behaviour 3913:American Psychologist 3402:Casey Family Programs 2553:10.1300/J135v05n01_04 2340:10.4081/hpr.2014.1821 2177:Academy of Management 2157:Academy of Management 2139:Academy of Management 2005:10.1300/J083v33n02_02 1142:. Counseling Center, 1083:10.1192/bjp.168.2.143 1038:10.1192/bjp.168.2.143 390: 331:Elder emotional abuse 312:Child emotional abuse 130:, acute or prolonged 8235:Equestrian perniosis 7476:Looking for Angelina 5987:William Arthur Gibbs 5871:Christina Salmivalli 5821:Anna Costanza Baldry 5768:Bystander Revolution 5753:Act Against Bullying 5732:Workplace incivility 5657:Moving the goalposts 5484:Workplace harassment 5412:Displaced aggression 5311:Psychological trauma 4971:at Wikimedia Commons 3639:Hamel, John (2009). 3423:4 March 2016 at the 3248:(24 February 1992). 3210:https://www.apa.org/ 2948:www.childwelfare.gov 2175:. Denver, Colorado: 2137:, Honolulu, Hawaii: 2023:4 March 2016 at the 1545:Hamel, John (2014). 1356:. Athlon Publishing. 890:Psychological trauma 870:Moving the goalposts 840:Dysfunctional family 605:Abuse of the elderly 85:psychological trauma 8413:Psychological abuse 8322:Narcotic dermopathy 8230:Black heel and palm 8183:Dermatosis neglecta 8057:Psychological abuse 7896:Radiation poisoning 7388:Defending Our Lives 7275:Nicola Graham-Kevan 6945:Narcissistic parent 6772:Emotional blackmail 6521:Market manipulation 6242:Personal boundaries 6217:Emotional blackmail 5897:Louise Burfitt-Dons 5836:David P. Farrington 5682:Psychological abuse 5407:Disability bullying 5397:Abusive supervision 5221:Abusive supervision 5148:Psychological abuse 5123:Institutional abuse 4969:Psychological abuse 4697:Also published as: 4628:Also available as: 4033:on 1 December 2008. 3819:Simon, George K. Jr 3815:Simon, George K. Jr 3659:10.3149/jmh.0801.41 3513:Orthopaedic Nursing 3289:on 20 December 2008 3260:(L 049): 0001–0008. 3243:From the original: 3037:16 May 2023 at the 2633:. New York: Wiley. 2268:(9–10): 1405–1412. 2155:. Toronto, Canada: 1227:"Domestic violence" 1150:on 20 November 2014 875:Parental alienation 850:Emotional blackmail 809:husband's testimony 677:Popular perceptions 541:avoidance behaviors 223:sexual maltreatment 97:clinical depression 69:Psychological abuse 61:clinical psychology 38:Psychological abuse 8292:Uranium dermatosis 8245:Pulling boat hands 8154:Lightning injuries 7643:ManKind Initiative 7490:One Minute to Nine 7483:Once Were Warriors 7250:Jacquelyn Campbell 6822:Setting up to fail 6812:Narcissistic abuse 6526:Media manipulation 6506:Crowd manipulation 6480:Influence-for-hire 6453:Other manipulation 6383:Predatory marriage 6252:Playing the victim 6180:Matti Juhani Saari 6172:Jokela High School 6167:Pekka-Eric Auvinen 6011:Nicola Ann Raphael 5942:Anti-Bullying Week 5717:Social undermining 5489:Workplace bullying 5447:Peer victimization 5301:Playing the victim 5193:Surveillance abuse 5143:Professional abuse 5064:Cruelty to animals 4759:. Washington, DC: 4315:10.1007/BF02333338 3665:on 12 January 2018 3600:Sorenson, Susan B. 3455:10.1002/imhj.20101 3342:Prevention Science 2516:10.1007/BF00978514 2062:on 27 January 2023 1949:Child Maltreatment 1843:. 27 February 2009 895:Setting up to fail 880:Poisonous pedagogy 813:two male witnesses 637:The Salvation Army 405: 360:Workplace bullying 347:material/financial 150:General definition 132:human rights abuse 110:, and may include 93:chronic depression 8400: 8399: 8149:Electrical injury 7991:Altitude sickness 7839: 7838: 7692: 7691: 7626: 7625: 7354: 7353: 6968: 6967: 6845: 6844: 6632:Traumatic bonding 6622:Cycle of violence 6583:Domestic violence 6549: 6548: 6490:Spin (propaganda) 6470:Good cop, bad cop 6300: 6299: 6005:Dawn-Marie Wesley 5937:Anti-Bullying Day 5925: 5924: 5647:Kiss up kick down 5432:Military bullying 5349: 5348: 5326:Traumatic bonding 4967:Media related to 4958: 4957: 4854:978-0-06-016306-8 4741:978-0-385-14259-5 4641:978-0-87665-133-9 4567:978-0-89335-231-8 4497:978-0-205-11323-1 4472:978-0-87822-234-6 4437:978-0-7748-5987-5 4217:978-0-88738-263-5 4132:978-0-8039-3076-6 4103:978-0-465-03388-1 4006:978-1-4522-0465-9 3896:978-0-02-907810-5 3863:978-0-8039-3053-7 3832:978-1-935166-32-0 3800:978-1-935166-30-6 3497:978-0-470-06001-8 3408:on 6 October 2011 3324:978-92-2-109203-2 2755:978-1-282-74107-2 2640:978-0-471-59946-3 2613:978-0-19-802803-1 2588:978-0-495-55339-7 2429:978-1-885586-99-5 2401:978-0-425-19165-1 2308:978-0-521-01066-5 2205:978-0-415-25359-8 2098:(11): 1158–1174. 2052:978-0-473-12814-2 1873:978-0-89042-554-1 1790:(12): 1424–1448. 1556:978-0-8261-9677-4 1389:978-0-8261-1146-3 1297:978-0-02-903081-3 1140:"Emotional abuse" 1125:978-0-8261-1146-3 1002:978-0-8261-1146-3 586:Sleeplessness or 537:intrusive imagery 494:Abuse of children 467:defense mechanism 454:domestic violence 249:Domestic violence 140:false accusations 71:, often known as 66: 65: 32:Medical condition 16:(Redirected from 8425: 8388: 8376: 8375: 8364: 8363: 8352: 8351: 8340: 8339: 8176:physical factors 8172:skin conditions 8104:Hypersensitivity 7821:Cold intolerance 7738: 7737: 7725:Consequences of 7719: 7712: 7705: 7696: 7695: 7582:Family Relations 7550:The War on Women 7427:American Tragedy 7363: 7362: 7240: 7239: 6854: 6853: 6827:Silent treatment 6777:False accusation 6645: 6644: 6576: 6569: 6562: 6553: 6552: 6511:Confidence trick 6444:Social rejection 6327: 6320: 6313: 6304: 6303: 6059:Kenneth Weishuhn 6029:Sladjana Vidovic 5917:Lizzie Velásquez 5876:Kenneth Westhues 5831:Dorothy Espelage 5811: 5810: 5712:Social exclusion 5672:Personal attacks 5607:False accusation 5509:Legal profession 5472:Higher education 5376: 5369: 5362: 5353: 5352: 5188:Structural abuse 5163:Police brutality 5069:Disability abuse 4999: 4992: 4985: 4976: 4975: 4966: 4897: 4896: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4874: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4839:Schechter, Susan 4831: 4825: 4822: 4816: 4815: 4805: 4779: 4773: 4772: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4727: 4721: 4718: 4715:10.1037/h0079792 4694: 4678: 4672: 4662: 4654: 4648: 4645: 4625: 4617:Psychology Today 4607: 4601: 4600: 4597:10.1037/h0079964 4578: 4572: 4571: 4553: 4547: 4546: 4508: 4502: 4501: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4456: 4450: 4449: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4378: 4372: 4371: 4333: 4327: 4326: 4298: 4292: 4291: 4273: 4267: 4266: 4228: 4222: 4221: 4197: 4191: 4181: 4143: 4137: 4136: 4124: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4095: 4085: 4079: 4075: 4056: 4050: 4034: 4029:. Archived from 4016: 4010: 4009: 3992: 3986: 3962: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3884: 3874: 3868: 3867: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3787:Simon, George Jr 3783:Simon, George Jr 3779: 3773: 3756: 3740: 3734: 3723: 3705: 3699: 3688: 3682: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3596: 3590: 3589: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3508: 3502: 3501: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3466: 3433: 3427: 3416: 3415: 3413: 3404:, archived from 3383: 3374: 3373: 3337: 3331: 3328: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3285:. Archived from 3270: 3264: 3261: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3220: 3214: 3208: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3175: 3169: 3166: 3156: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3124: 3113:10.1037/a0025423 3090: 3084: 3083: 3058:(6–7): 697–714. 3047: 3041: 3030: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2965: 2959: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2940: 2934: 2933: 2923: 2891: 2885: 2881: 2863: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2804: 2798: 2797: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2741: 2732: 2731: 2700: 2694: 2693: 2683: 2651: 2645: 2644: 2624: 2618: 2617: 2599: 2593: 2592: 2574: 2568: 2564: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2451:Addiction Center 2443: 2437: 2433: 2415: 2409: 2405: 2381: 2370: 2369: 2359: 2319: 2313: 2312: 2294: 2288: 2287: 2277: 2253: 2242: 2230: 2222: 2213: 2209: 2191: 2185: 2180: 2168: 2162: 2160: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2130: 2124: 2123: 2083: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2061: 2055:, archived from 2044: 2033: 2027: 2016: 1988: 1982: 1981: 1942: 1933: 1932: 1914: 1892: 1886: 1885: 1860: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1831:"Boys don't cry" 1827: 1818: 1817: 1807: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1748: 1742: 1724:Short form from 1723: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1676: 1644: 1633: 1629: 1605: 1599: 1598: 1567: 1561: 1560: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1525: 1491: 1485: 1484: 1454: 1448: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1373: 1358: 1357: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1334: 1332: 1323:. Archived from 1308: 1302: 1301: 1281: 1272: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1248: 1239: 1238: 1222: 1216: 1212: 1192: 1186: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1166: 1160: 1159: 1157: 1155: 1136: 1130: 1129: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1064: 1058: 1057: 1019: 1010: 1006: 987: 976: 975: 937: 900:Silent treatment 683:double standards 660:In the workplace 598:Eating disorders 402: 399: 35: 34: 21: 8433: 8432: 8428: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8423: 8422: 8403: 8402: 8401: 8396: 8328: 8218:Electrical burn 8175: 8174:resulting from 8173: 8171: 8165: 8137: 8124:Arthus reaction 8092: 8073:Motion sickness 8061: 8035: 8019: 7935: 7931:Oxygen toxicity 7910: 7835: 7762: 7729: 7727:external causes 7723: 7693: 7688: 7667: 7622: 7555: 7536:Life with Billy 7523: 7455:The Burning Bed 7414: 7350: 7294: 7270:David Finkelhor 7231: 7210: 7004: 6995:Women's shelter 6964: 6918: 6841: 6734: 6681: 6636: 6585: 6580: 6550: 6545: 6541:Undue influence 6494: 6448: 6397: 6336: 6331: 6301: 6296: 6205: 6120: 6118:Murder–suicides 6112: 6107:Tyrone Unsworth 6089:Rebecca Sedwick 6083:Rehtaeh Parsons 6047:Jamey Rodemeyer 5975: 5966: 5921: 5880: 5802: 5778:Ditch the Label 5741: 5592:Destabilisation 5582:Culture of fear 5540: 5536:Toxic workplace 5479:Sexual bullying 5467:School bullying 5452:Prison bullying 5385: 5380: 5350: 5345: 5321:Rationalization 5256:Destabilisation 5209: 5173:Religious abuse 5008: 5003: 4959: 4954: 4953: 4908: 4894: 4889: 4888: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4866: 4862: 4855: 4832: 4828: 4824:Genesis 3:16-17 4823: 4819: 4780: 4776: 4753: 4749: 4742: 4728: 4724: 4679: 4675: 4655: 4651: 4642: 4608: 4604: 4579: 4575: 4568: 4554: 4550: 4509: 4505: 4498: 4484: 4480: 4473: 4457: 4453: 4438: 4424: 4420: 4379: 4375: 4334: 4330: 4299: 4295: 4274: 4270: 4229: 4225: 4218: 4198: 4194: 4144: 4140: 4133: 4115: 4111: 4104: 4086: 4082: 4057: 4053: 4017: 4013: 4007: 3993: 3989: 3970: 3945: 3941: 3908: 3904: 3897: 3875: 3871: 3864: 3844: 3840: 3833: 3812: 3808: 3801: 3780: 3776: 3757: 3741: 3737: 3706: 3702: 3697:Wayback Machine 3676: 3675: 3668: 3666: 3637: 3633: 3597: 3593: 3552: 3548: 3509: 3505: 3498: 3484: 3480: 3434: 3430: 3425:Wayback Machine 3411: 3409: 3384: 3377: 3338: 3334: 3325: 3301:Print version: 3292: 3290: 3271: 3267: 3234: 3232: 3221: 3217: 3188: 3186: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3155:on 9 July 2007. 3143: 3142: 3138: 3091: 3087: 3048: 3044: 3039:Wayback Machine 3001: 2997: 2966: 2962: 2952: 2950: 2942: 2941: 2937: 2892: 2888: 2861:10.1.1.519.8059 2842: 2838: 2805: 2801: 2767: 2763: 2756: 2742: 2735: 2701: 2697: 2652: 2648: 2641: 2625: 2621: 2614: 2600: 2596: 2589: 2575: 2571: 2535: 2531: 2500: 2496: 2486: 2484: 2469: 2465: 2455: 2453: 2445: 2444: 2440: 2430: 2416: 2412: 2402: 2382: 2373: 2320: 2316: 2309: 2295: 2291: 2254: 2245: 2240:Wayback Machine 2223: 2216: 2206: 2192: 2188: 2169: 2165: 2149: 2145: 2131: 2127: 2084: 2075: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2053: 2042: 2034: 2030: 2025:Wayback Machine 1989: 1985: 1943: 1936: 1912:10.1.1.360.7774 1893: 1889: 1874: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1846: 1844: 1836:BBC Radio 1Xtra 1829: 1828: 1821: 1778: 1774: 1749: 1745: 1740:Wayback Machine 1694: 1690: 1645: 1636: 1606: 1602: 1568: 1564: 1557: 1543: 1539: 1492: 1488: 1455: 1451: 1441: 1439: 1401: 1397: 1390: 1374: 1361: 1344: 1340: 1330: 1328: 1327:on 10 July 2014 1309: 1305: 1298: 1282: 1275: 1265: 1263: 1262:on 7 April 2005 1250: 1249: 1242: 1223: 1219: 1193: 1189: 1179: 1177: 1167: 1163: 1153: 1151: 1138: 1137: 1133: 1126: 1110: 1106: 1065: 1061: 1020: 1013: 1003: 988: 979: 938: 929: 924: 919: 835:Destabilisation 825: 796:Book of Genesis 731: 729:Cultural causes 679: 666:human resources 662: 649: 621: 616: 607: 525: 496: 446: 441: 400: 385: 379: 362: 356: 339: 333: 320: 314: 255: 247:Main articles: 245: 240: 152: 79:, is a form of 73:emotional abuse 33: 28: 23: 22: 18:Emotional abuse 15: 12: 11: 5: 8431: 8421: 8420: 8415: 8398: 8397: 8395: 8394: 8382: 8370: 8358: 8346: 8333: 8330: 8329: 8327: 8326: 8325: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8294: 8289: 8288: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8275:Wrestler's ear 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8255:Surfer's knots 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8222: 8221: 8220: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8179: 8177: 8167: 8166: 8164: 8163: 8158: 8157: 8156: 8145: 8143: 8139: 8138: 8136: 8135: 8129: 8128: 8127: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8100: 8098: 8097:Adverse effect 8094: 8093: 8091: 8090: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8069: 8067: 8063: 8062: 8060: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8047:Physical abuse 8043: 8041: 8037: 8036: 8034: 8033: 8027: 8025: 8021: 8020: 8018: 8017: 8016: 8015: 8009: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7983: 7982: 7981: 7971: 7970: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7943: 7941: 7937: 7936: 7934: 7933: 7928: 7918: 7916: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7866:Radiation burn 7863: 7861:Radiation acne 7858: 7853: 7847: 7845: 7841: 7840: 7837: 7836: 7834: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7797: 7796: 7791: 7786: 7776: 7770: 7768: 7764: 7763: 7761: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7744: 7742: 7735: 7731: 7730: 7722: 7721: 7714: 7707: 7699: 7690: 7689: 7687: 7686: 7681: 7675: 7673: 7669: 7668: 7666: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7634: 7632: 7628: 7627: 7624: 7623: 7621: 7620: 7613: 7606: 7599: 7592: 7585: 7578: 7575:Family Process 7571: 7563: 7561: 7557: 7556: 7554: 7553: 7546: 7543:Mommie Dearest 7539: 7531: 7529: 7525: 7524: 7522: 7521: 7514: 7507: 7500: 7493: 7486: 7479: 7472: 7465: 7458: 7451: 7444: 7437: 7434:Black and Blue 7430: 7422: 7420: 7416: 7415: 7413: 7412: 7409:Sin by Silence 7405: 7398: 7391: 7384: 7377: 7369: 7367: 7360: 7356: 7355: 7352: 7351: 7349: 7348: 7346:Deborah Tucker 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7321:Elizabeth Celi 7318: 7313: 7308: 7306:Ruahine Albert 7302: 7300: 7296: 7295: 7293: 7292: 7287: 7285:Linda Saltzman 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7246: 7244: 7237: 7233: 7232: 7230: 7229: 7224: 7218: 7216: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7208: 7203: 7201:United Kingdom 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7012: 7010: 7006: 7005: 7003: 7002: 6997: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6976: 6974: 6970: 6969: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6919: 6917: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6860: 6858: 6851: 6847: 6846: 6843: 6842: 6840: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6760: 6758:Economic abuse 6755: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6691: 6689: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6653: 6651: 6642: 6638: 6637: 6635: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6617:Cycle of abuse 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6593: 6591: 6587: 6586: 6579: 6578: 6571: 6564: 6556: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6502: 6500: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6475:Indoctrination 6472: 6467: 6462: 6456: 6454: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6446: 6441: 6439:Smear campaign 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6405: 6403: 6399: 6398: 6396: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6368:Disinformation 6365: 6363:Child grooming 6360: 6355: 6350: 6344: 6342: 6338: 6337: 6330: 6329: 6322: 6315: 6307: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6282:Victim blaming 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6213: 6211: 6210:Related topics 6207: 6206: 6204: 6203: 6202: 6201: 6190: 6189: 6188: 6177: 6176: 6175: 6164: 6163: 6162: 6151: 6150: 6149: 6138: 6137: 6136: 6124: 6122: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6110: 6104: 6098: 6092: 6086: 6080: 6074: 6068: 6062: 6056: 6050: 6044: 6041:Tyler Clementi 6038: 6032: 6026: 6020: 6014: 6008: 6002: 5996: 5990: 5983: 5981: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5933: 5931: 5927: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5888: 5886: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5817: 5815: 5808: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5749: 5747: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5707:Smear campaign 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5677:Physical abuse 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5567:Cancel culture 5564: 5559: 5554: 5548: 5546: 5542: 5541: 5539: 5538: 5533: 5532: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5475: 5474: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5386: 5379: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5356: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5331:Victim blaming 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5261:Discrimination 5258: 5253: 5248: 5246:Dehumanization 5243: 5238: 5236:Child grooming 5233: 5228: 5226:Abuse of power 5223: 5217: 5215: 5214:Related topics 5211: 5210: 5208: 5207: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5153:Physical abuse 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5083: 5081:Domestic abuse 5078: 5077: 5076: 5074:military draft 5066: 5061: 5060: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5018: 5016: 5010: 5009: 5002: 5001: 4994: 4987: 4979: 4973: 4972: 4956: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4940: 4925: 4909: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4900:Classification 4893: 4892:External links 4890: 4887: 4886: 4860: 4853: 4826: 4817: 4796:(1): 113–118. 4774: 4747: 4740: 4722: 4720: 4719: 4673: 4671: 4670: 4649: 4647: 4646: 4640: 4602: 4591:(4): 381–390. 4573: 4566: 4548: 4503: 4496: 4478: 4471: 4451: 4436: 4418: 4391:(3): 207–222. 4373: 4346:(4): 387–407. 4328: 4293: 4268: 4241:(4): 257–273. 4223: 4216: 4192: 4190: 4189: 4156:(2): 141–157. 4138: 4131: 4109: 4102: 4080: 4051: 4049: 4048: 4011: 4005: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3939: 3920:(4): 695–702. 3902: 3895: 3869: 3862: 3838: 3831: 3806: 3799: 3774: 3772: 3771: 3735: 3700: 3631: 3591: 3564:(4): 435–452. 3546: 3519:(4): 274–283. 3503: 3496: 3478: 3449:(5): 429–447. 3428: 3375: 3348:(4): 384–394. 3332: 3330: 3329: 3323: 3265: 3263: 3262: 3215: 3213: 3212: 3170: 3168: 3167: 3136: 3107:(6): 885–894. 3085: 3042: 2995: 2960: 2935: 2906:(2): 256–260. 2886: 2854:(3): 528–539. 2836: 2817:(6): 667–681. 2799: 2780:(4): 260–268. 2761: 2754: 2733: 2714:(5): 982–988. 2695: 2666:(6): 815–835. 2646: 2639: 2619: 2612: 2594: 2587: 2569: 2529: 2510:(2): 107–120. 2494: 2483:on 5 July 2022 2463: 2438: 2428: 2410: 2400: 2371: 2314: 2307: 2289: 2243: 2214: 2204: 2186: 2163: 2143: 2125: 2073: 2051: 2028: 1983: 1956:(2): 157–171. 1934: 1905:(4): 795–808. 1887: 1872: 1855: 1819: 1772: 1743: 1706:(3): 283–316. 1688: 1659:(6): 877–891. 1634: 1620:(1): 102–107. 1600: 1562: 1555: 1537: 1508:(2): 231–280. 1486: 1467:(5): 579–582. 1449: 1415:(8): 857–871. 1395: 1388: 1359: 1338: 1303: 1296: 1273: 1240: 1217: 1203:(5): 260–265. 1187: 1161: 1131: 1124: 1104: 1077:(2): 143–148. 1059: 1032:(2): 143–148. 1011: 1001: 977: 950:(2): 167–182. 926: 925: 923: 920: 918: 917: 912: 910:Victim playing 907: 902: 897: 892: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 845:Economic abuse 842: 837: 832: 826: 824: 821: 805:Sharia Council 788:fundamentalist 784: 783: 779: 775: 772: 768: 765: 744:domestic abuse 730: 727: 705:conception of 678: 675: 671:zero-tolerance 661: 658: 648: 645: 620: 617: 615: 612: 606: 603: 602: 601: 595: 584: 574: 571: 568: 564: 561: 558: 555: 548: 533:hypervigilance 524: 521: 505:drug addiction 495: 492: 445: 442: 440: 437: 401: 1597–99 378: 375: 358:Main article: 355: 352: 335:Main article: 332: 329: 313: 310: 274: 273: 270: 266: 263: 244: 241: 239: 236: 204:cyber-bullying 151: 148: 64: 63: 54: 48: 47: 44: 40: 39: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8430: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8393: 8392: 8387: 8383: 8381: 8380: 8371: 8369: 8368: 8359: 8357: 8356: 8347: 8345: 8344: 8335: 8334: 8331: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8302:Skin pop scar 8300: 8299: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8250:Runner's rump 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8227: 8226: 8223: 8219: 8216: 8215: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8180: 8178: 8168: 8162: 8159: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8140: 8134: 8131: 8130: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8106: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8099: 8095: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8070: 8068: 8064: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8044: 8042: 8038: 8032: 8029: 8028: 8026: 8022: 8013: 8010: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7988: 7987: 7986:High altitude 7984: 7980: 7977: 7976: 7975: 7972: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7957:Aerosinusitis 7955: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7948: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7938: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7923: 7920: 7919: 7917: 7913: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7848: 7846: 7842: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7795: 7792: 7790: 7787: 7785: 7782: 7781: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7771: 7769: 7765: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7745: 7743: 7739: 7736: 7732: 7728: 7720: 7715: 7713: 7708: 7706: 7701: 7700: 7697: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7676: 7674: 7670: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7631:Organizations 7629: 7619: 7618: 7614: 7612: 7611: 7607: 7605: 7604: 7600: 7598: 7597: 7593: 7591: 7590: 7586: 7584: 7583: 7579: 7577: 7576: 7572: 7570: 7569: 7565: 7564: 7562: 7558: 7552: 7551: 7547: 7545: 7544: 7540: 7538: 7537: 7533: 7532: 7530: 7526: 7520: 7519: 7515: 7513: 7512: 7508: 7506: 7505: 7501: 7499: 7498: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7487: 7485: 7484: 7480: 7478: 7477: 7473: 7471: 7470: 7466: 7464: 7463: 7459: 7457: 7456: 7452: 7450: 7449: 7445: 7443: 7442: 7438: 7436: 7435: 7431: 7429: 7428: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7417: 7411: 7410: 7406: 7404: 7403: 7402:Silent Voices 7399: 7397: 7396: 7392: 7390: 7389: 7385: 7383: 7382: 7378: 7376: 7375: 7371: 7370: 7368: 7366:Documentaries 7364: 7361: 7357: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7331:Donna Ferrato 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7311:Angela Barker 7309: 7307: 7304: 7303: 7301: 7297: 7291: 7290:Murray Straus 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7265:Mary Ellsberg 7263: 7261: 7260:Emily Douglas 7258: 7256: 7255:Kenneth Dodge 7253: 7251: 7248: 7247: 7245: 7241: 7238: 7234: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7219: 7217: 7213: 7207: 7206:United States 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7007: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6971: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6955:Sibling abuse 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6852: 6848: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6764: 6763:Embarrassment 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6741: 6740:Psychological 6737: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6715:Honor killing 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6700:Bride burning 6698: 6696: 6693: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6684: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6643: 6639: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6594: 6592: 6588: 6584: 6577: 6572: 6570: 6565: 6563: 6558: 6557: 6554: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6501: 6497: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6485:Interrogation 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6451: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6400: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6345: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6328: 6323: 6321: 6316: 6314: 6309: 6308: 6305: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6287:Victimisation 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6208: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6194: 6193:Elliot Rodger 6191: 6186: 6183: 6182: 6181: 6178: 6173: 6170: 6169: 6168: 6165: 6160: 6159:Virginia Tech 6157: 6156: 6155: 6154:Seung-Hui Cho 6152: 6147: 6144: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6134: 6131: 6130: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6099: 6096: 6095:Leelah Alcorn 6093: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6081: 6078: 6075: 6072: 6069: 6066: 6063: 6060: 6057: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6045: 6042: 6039: 6036: 6035:Phoebe Prince 6033: 6030: 6027: 6024: 6021: 6018: 6017:Ryan Halligan 6015: 6012: 6009: 6006: 6003: 6000: 5997: 5994: 5993:Kelly Yeomans 5991: 5988: 5985: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5932: 5928: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5907:SuEllen Fried 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5889: 5887: 5883: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5846:Heinz Leymann 5844: 5842: 5841:Shelley Hymel 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5812: 5809: 5805: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5783:GRIN Campaign 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5746:Organizations 5744: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5602:Embarrassment 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5549: 5547: 5543: 5537: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5504:Legal aspects 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5491: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5473: 5470: 5469: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5422:LGBT bullying 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5402:Cyberbullying 5400: 5398: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5377: 5372: 5370: 5365: 5363: 5358: 5357: 5354: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5336:Victimisation 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5218: 5216: 5212: 5206: 5205: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5075: 5072: 5071: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5019: 5017: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5000: 4995: 4993: 4988: 4986: 4981: 4980: 4977: 4970: 4965: 4961: 4960: 4950: 4946: 4945: 4941: 4939: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4924: 4920: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4910: 4907: 4902: 4898: 4871: 4864: 4856: 4850: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4836: 4830: 4821: 4813: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4778: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4751: 4743: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4703: 4696: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4677: 4668: 4664: 4663: 4660: 4653: 4643: 4637: 4633: 4627: 4626: 4624:(6): 107–112. 4623: 4619: 4618: 4613: 4606: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4585: 4577: 4569: 4563: 4559: 4552: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4515: 4507: 4499: 4493: 4489: 4482: 4474: 4468: 4464: 4463: 4455: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4429: 4422: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4385: 4377: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4332: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4297: 4289: 4285: 4284: 4279: 4272: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4235: 4227: 4219: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4204: 4196: 4187: 4183: 4182: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4150: 4142: 4134: 4128: 4123: 4122: 4113: 4105: 4099: 4094: 4093: 4084: 4078: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4055: 4047: 4043: 4042: 4041: 4037: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4015: 4008: 4002: 3998: 3991: 3983: 3979: 3976: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3965: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3951: 3943: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3906: 3898: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3882: 3873: 3865: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3850: 3842: 3834: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3810: 3802: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3778: 3770: 3766: 3763: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3739: 3733: 3729: 3726: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3712: 3704: 3698: 3694: 3691: 3686: 3680: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3647: 3642: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3606: 3601: 3595: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3558: 3550: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3507: 3499: 3493: 3489: 3482: 3474: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3432: 3426: 3422: 3419: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3382: 3380: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3336: 3326: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3307: 3300: 3299: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3269: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3242: 3241: 3230: 3226: 3219: 3211: 3206: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3184: 3180: 3174: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3140: 3132: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3101: 3096: 3089: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3046: 3040: 3036: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3007: 2999: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2964: 2949: 2945: 2939: 2931: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2890: 2884: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2848: 2840: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2803: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2774: 2765: 2757: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2738: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2708: 2699: 2691: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2650: 2642: 2636: 2632: 2631: 2623: 2615: 2609: 2605: 2598: 2590: 2584: 2580: 2573: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2547:(1): 95–123. 2546: 2542: 2541: 2533: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2498: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2467: 2452: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2431: 2425: 2421: 2414: 2408: 2403: 2397: 2393: 2392:Berkley Books 2389: 2388: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2367: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2318: 2310: 2304: 2300: 2293: 2285: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2228: 2221: 2219: 2212: 2207: 2201: 2197: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2174: 2167: 2158: 2154: 2147: 2140: 2136: 2129: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2082: 2080: 2078: 2058: 2054: 2048: 2041: 2040: 2032: 2026: 2022: 2019: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1987: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1950: 1941: 1939: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1899: 1891: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1869: 1865: 1859: 1842: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1826: 1824: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1805:2027.42/90019 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1784: 1776: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1755: 1747: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1727: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1700: 1692: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1604: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1566: 1558: 1552: 1548: 1541: 1533: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1502: 1501:Partner Abuse 1497: 1490: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1453: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1399: 1391: 1385: 1381: 1380: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1355: 1354: 1349: 1342: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1307: 1299: 1293: 1289: 1288: 1280: 1278: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1247: 1245: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1221: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1191: 1176: 1175:helpguide.org 1172: 1165: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1135: 1127: 1121: 1117: 1116: 1108: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1063: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1018: 1016: 1009: 1004: 998: 994: 986: 984: 982: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 944: 936: 934: 932: 927: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 827: 820: 816: 814: 810: 806: 800: 797: 792: 789: 780: 776: 773: 769: 766: 762: 761: 760: 756: 754: 748: 745: 741: 735: 726: 724: 720: 714: 710: 708: 704: 699: 695: 692: 687: 684: 674: 672: 667: 657: 654: 647:In the family 644: 642: 638: 634: 629: 626: 611: 599: 596: 593: 589: 585: 582: 581:panic attacks 579:, anxiety or 578: 575: 572: 569: 565: 562: 559: 556: 553: 549: 546: 545: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 520: 516: 512: 510: 506: 500: 491: 487: 484: 478: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 455: 450: 436: 434: 428: 425: 421: 417: 412: 410: 395: 394: 389: 384: 374: 372: 366: 361: 351: 348: 344: 338: 328: 324: 319: 309: 305: 301: 299: 294: 290: 286: 284: 278: 271: 267: 264: 261: 260: 259: 254: 250: 235: 233: 229: 228:Andrew Vachss 224: 220: 214: 211: 210:Health Canada 206: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 172: 168: 165: 159: 156: 147: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 104: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 62: 58: 55: 53: 49: 45: 41: 36: 30: 19: 8389: 8377: 8365: 8353: 8341: 8296: 8224: 8212: 8056: 8052:Sexual abuse 8040:Maltreatment 7967:Pneumothorax 7826:Acrocyanosis 7816:Aerosol burn 7758:Heat syncope 7753:Hyperthermia 7615: 7608: 7601: 7594: 7587: 7580: 7573: 7566: 7548: 7541: 7534: 7516: 7509: 7502: 7495: 7488: 7481: 7474: 7467: 7460: 7453: 7446: 7439: 7432: 7425: 7407: 7400: 7393: 7386: 7379: 7374:A Better Man 7372: 7280:Denise Hines 7171:South Africa 7166:Saudi Arabia 6985:Duluth model 6864:Bride-buying 6837:Verbal abuse 6787:Intimidation 6739: 6662:Marital rape 6627:Epidemiology 6531:Nudge theory 6424:Intimidation 6378:Love bombing 6353:Brainwashing 6262:Scapegoating 6053:Jamie Hubley 5999:Hamed Nastoh 5912:Liam Hackett 5892:Andrea Adams 5866:Debra Pepler 5737:Verbal abuse 5681: 5667:Name calling 5637:Intimidation 5597:Discrediting 5557:Blacklisting 5529:Toxic leader 5291:Minimisation 5286:Manipulation 5266:Exaggeration 5202: 5198:Verbal abuse 5178:Sexual abuse 5158:Social abuse 5147: 5128:Intimidation 4942: 4927: 4912: 4877:. Retrieved 4863: 4843: 4829: 4820: 4793: 4787: 4777: 4756: 4750: 4731: 4725: 4709:(1): 40–54. 4706: 4700: 4682: 4676: 4658: 4652: 4631: 4621: 4615: 4605: 4588: 4582: 4576: 4557: 4551: 4521:(1): 29–39. 4518: 4512: 4506: 4487: 4481: 4461: 4454: 4427: 4421: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4309:(1): 13–40. 4306: 4302: 4296: 4287: 4281: 4271: 4238: 4232: 4226: 4202: 4195: 4153: 4147: 4141: 4120: 4112: 4091: 4083: 4063: 4054: 4031:the original 4021: 4014: 3996: 3990: 3975:BJS website. 3949: 3942: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3880: 3872: 3848: 3841: 3822: 3809: 3790: 3777: 3762:BJS website. 3744: 3738: 3710: 3703: 3679:cite journal 3667:. Retrieved 3663:the original 3653:(1): 41–59. 3650: 3644: 3634: 3612:(1): 78–96. 3609: 3603: 3594: 3561: 3555: 3549: 3516: 3512: 3506: 3487: 3481: 3446: 3442: 3431: 3410:, retrieved 3406:the original 3388: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3305: 3291:. Retrieved 3287:the original 3278: 3268: 3257: 3253: 3233:. Retrieved 3229:stopvaw.org/ 3228: 3218: 3200: 3197:Taken from: 3187:. Retrieved 3182: 3173: 3162: 3159:Taken from: 3153:the original 3148: 3139: 3104: 3098: 3088: 3055: 3051: 3045: 3013:(2): 75–85. 3010: 3004: 2998: 2976:(1): 95–99. 2973: 2969: 2963: 2951:. Retrieved 2947: 2938: 2903: 2899: 2889: 2851: 2845: 2839: 2814: 2808: 2802: 2777: 2771: 2764: 2745: 2711: 2705: 2698: 2663: 2659: 2649: 2629: 2622: 2603: 2597: 2578: 2572: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2507: 2503: 2497: 2485:. Retrieved 2481:the original 2476: 2466: 2454:. Retrieved 2450: 2441: 2419: 2413: 2386: 2331: 2327: 2317: 2298: 2292: 2265: 2261: 2226: 2195: 2189: 2172: 2166: 2152: 2146: 2134: 2128: 2095: 2091: 2064:, retrieved 2057:the original 2038: 2031: 1996: 1992: 1986: 1953: 1947: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1863: 1858: 1845:. Retrieved 1834: 1787: 1781: 1775: 1761:(1): 17–40. 1758: 1752: 1746: 1703: 1697: 1691: 1656: 1652: 1617: 1613: 1603: 1595: 1578:(1): 59–68. 1575: 1571: 1565: 1546: 1540: 1505: 1499: 1489: 1464: 1458: 1452: 1440:. Retrieved 1412: 1408: 1398: 1378: 1351: 1341: 1329:. Retrieved 1325:the original 1320: 1316: 1306: 1286: 1264:. Retrieved 1260:the original 1230: 1220: 1200: 1196: 1190: 1178:. Retrieved 1174: 1164: 1152:. Retrieved 1148:the original 1134: 1114: 1107: 1074: 1068: 1062: 1029: 1023: 992: 947: 941: 905:Slut-shaming 817: 801: 793: 785: 757: 753:chastisement 749: 743: 739: 736: 732: 719:manipulation 715: 711: 700: 696: 688: 680: 663: 650: 641:Benefits.gov 630: 624: 622: 608: 526: 517: 513: 507:, including 501: 497: 488: 479: 451: 447: 429: 420:self-control 413: 406: 391: 367: 363: 340: 325: 321: 306: 302: 295: 291: 287: 279: 275: 256: 215: 207: 184:harm to self 180:intimidation 173: 169: 164:name calling 160: 153: 105: 87:, including 76: 72: 68: 67: 29: 8109:Anaphylaxis 8083:Airsickness 8078:Seasickness 7784:Trench foot 7774:Hypothermia 7734:Temperature 7638:Gulabi Gang 7560:Periodicals 7419:Other films 7341:Erin Pizzey 7336:Ellen Pence 7176:South Korea 7146:Philippines 7106:New Zealand 6935:Child abuse 6879:Elder abuse 6782:Gaslighting 6767:Humiliation 6710:Dowry death 6695:Acid attack 6465:Gaslighting 6292:Victimology 6267:Self-esteem 6121:(incidents) 6071:Amanda Todd 6065:Audrie Pott 6023:Megan Meier 5826:Wendy Craig 5763:Bullying UK 5627:Humiliation 5612:Gaslighting 5341:Victimology 5316:Psychopathy 5138:Persecution 5113:Humiliation 5103:Gaslighting 5086:Elder abuse 5037:Child abuse 4879:28 February 4290:(3): 18–24. 4027:Home Office 3412:19 November 3313:, pp. 1999:(2): 5–25. 1754:Criminology 1231:justice.gov 1180:14 February 915:Victimology 764:population. 703:patriarchal 689:Similarly, 567:colleagues. 552:absenteeism 459:alexithymia 416:mood swings 343:elder abuse 337:Elder abuse 318:Child abuse 196:gaslighting 116:gaslighting 43:Other names 8407:Categories 8307:Skin track 8260:Tennis toe 8188:Pinch mark 8170:Ungrouped 8114:Angioedema 8031:Starvation 8001:Death zone 7947:Barotrauma 7806:Chilblains 7511:Submission 7448:Bordertown 7326:Anne Cools 7316:Sarah Buel 7181:Tajikistan 7036:Bangladesh 6973:Prevention 6802:Mind games 6460:Entrapment 6429:Mind games 6388:Propaganda 6198:Isla Vista 6141:Jeff Weise 6101:Conrad Roy 6077:Jadin Bell 5861:Dan Olweus 5851:Gary Namie 5652:Mind games 5632:Incivility 5622:Harassment 5587:Defamation 5296:Narcissism 5118:Incivility 5108:Harassment 4949:D000085202 4835:Jones, Ann 3149:webcom.com 1614:Psicothema 1442:4 December 1266:27 January 1154:8 November 922:References 865:Mind games 855:Guilt trip 614:Prevention 588:nightmares 577:Depression 509:alcoholism 424:antisocial 381:See also: 316:See also: 283:aggression 238:Prevalence 232:sex crimes 198:(e.g. the 155:Clinicians 144:defamation 57:Psychiatry 8312:Slap mark 8280:Coral cut 7844:Radiation 7811:Frostbite 7462:Daughters 7299:Activists 7243:Academics 7101:Lithuania 7031:Australia 7016:Argentina 6792:Isolation 6393:Seduction 6133:Columbine 5902:Tim Field 5885:Activists 5814:Academics 5758:Ban Bossy 5697:Screaming 5642:Isolation 5271:Isolation 5091:Financial 3669:9 January 3626:143270154 3315:1989–1990 3293:7 October 3235:7 October 3183:psysci.co 2912:1682-024X 2856:CiteSeerX 2831:144725132 2487:9 January 2348:2420-8124 2120:145580028 2112:0886-2605 2066:9 January 1907:CiteSeerX 1882:830807378 1814:145578534 1720:145367941 1331:9 January 393:Narcissus 354:Workplace 208:In 1996, 188:isolation 52:Specialty 8367:Glossary 8343:Category 8161:Drowning 7940:Pressure 7926:Asphyxia 7741:Elevated 7497:Provoked 7215:Religion 7186:Thailand 7136:Paraguay 7126:Pakistan 7061:Colombia 6923:Children 6899:Misogyny 6894:Misandry 6832:Stalking 6748:Bullying 6687:Physical 6419:Coercion 6409:Bullying 6373:Flattery 6146:Red Lake 5973:suicides 5971:Notable 5793:Kidscape 5727:Taunting 5722:Swatting 5687:Rudeness 5577:Coercion 5552:Betrayal 5545:Elements 5524:Teaching 5514:Medicine 5494:Academia 5383:Bullying 5183:Stalking 5096:Marriage 5057:marriage 5052:military 5032:Bullying 4812:20214168 4691:17948290 4543:22213805 4446:16927209 4413:31549817 4368:26265068 4360:17691548 4323:13551207 4283:Response 4263:19556947 4178:26305516 4077:Details. 4072:22125148 4062:(1874). 3693:Archived 3586:29313550 3578:15726937 3541:30218546 3533:12961971 3473:18007960 3421:Archived 3370:29332095 3362:21842333 3189:30 April 3131:21928888 3072:12201163 3035:Archived 3027:67844486 2990:16757091 2953:14 April 2930:24772122 2878:12795576 2794:12406480 2690:18164053 2561:18527024 2524:43458952 2456:14 April 2435:Details. 2407:Preview. 2366:26973948 2284:21492284 2236:Archived 2211:Details. 2021:Archived 2013:54101962 1978:39288807 1970:18984806 1736:Archived 1730:15844722 1683:18986697 1626:17295990 1592:23539857 1532:22754606 1429:19768889 1209:11008456 1008:Preview. 972:35155731 830:Coercion 823:See also 691:Sorenson 483:coercive 475:conflict 219:physical 128:violence 126:, other 112:bullying 8379:Outline 8355:Commons 8119:Allergy 7922:Hypoxia 7906:Sunburn 7767:Reduced 7663:Respect 7441:Blinded 7236:Experts 7151:Romania 7116:Nigeria 7066:Ecuador 7041:Bolivia 7026:Albania 7021:Armenia 7009:Country 6889:Lesbian 6850:Victims 6807:Nagging 6597:Outline 6590:General 6434:Mobbing 6358:Bribery 6348:Big lie 5930:Actions 5807:Experts 5692:Sarcasm 5662:Nagging 5519:Nursing 5437:Mobbing 5204:more... 5133:Neglect 5042:neglect 4769:6374427 4535:1504031 4405:7647043 4255:2098090 4208:383–401 4170:3154145 3934:2729743 3821:(ed.), 3789:(ed.), 3464:2078524 3279:ilo.org 3122:3874382 3080:4539592 2921:3998989 2728:7806730 2681:2642009 2357:4768593 1929:3599891 1674:2614117 1523:3384540 1481:2794178 1437:2461513 1099:8520532 1091:8837902 1054:8520532 1046:8837902 964:7696196 794:In the 723:control 592:fatigue 529:Namie's 439:Effects 418:; poor 371:mobbing 192:insults 124:torture 89:anxiety 8391:Portal 8297:iv use 8066:Travel 8014:(HACE) 8008:(HAPE) 7915:Oxygen 7658:Refuge 7469:Enough 7196:Uganda 7191:Turkey 7156:Russia 7131:Panama 7121:Norway 7111:Norway 7091:Mexico 7076:Guyana 7046:Brazil 6857:Adults 6649:Sexual 6200:, 2014 6187:, 2008 6174:, 2007 6161:, 2007 6148:, 2005 6135:, 1999 6109:(2016) 6103:(2014) 6097:(2014) 6091:(2013) 6085:(2013) 6079:(2013) 6073:(2012) 6067:(2012) 6061:(2012) 6055:(2011) 6049:(2011) 6043:(2010) 6037:(2010) 6031:(2008) 6025:(2006) 6019:(2003) 6013:(2001) 6007:(2000) 6001:(2000) 5995:(1997) 5989:(1877) 5617:Gossip 5427:Hazing 5417:Doxing 5251:Denial 5047:sexual 4938:995.82 4851: 4810: 4767: 4738: 4689: 4638: 4564: 4541: 4533: 4494: 4469: 4444: 4434: 4411: 4403: 4366: 4358: 4321: 4261: 4253: 4214: 4176: 4168: 4129: 4100: 4070: 4040:198270 4038: 4003: 3982:265377 3980: 3968:197838 3966: 3932: 3893: 3860: 3829: 3797: 3769:265377 3767: 3732:181867 3730: 3624: 3584: 3576: 3539: 3531: 3494: 3471: 3461: 3400:, and 3368: 3360: 3321: 3129: 3119: 3078: 3070: 3025: 2988: 2928: 2918: 2910: 2876: 2858: 2829: 2792: 2752: 2726: 2688: 2678: 2637: 2610: 2585: 2559: 2522: 2426: 2398: 2364: 2354: 2346: 2305: 2282: 2202: 2118: 2110: 2049: 2011: 1976: 1968: 1927: 1909: 1880: 1870: 1847:6 July 1812: 1728: 1718: 1681: 1671: 1624: 1590: 1553: 1530: 1520: 1479: 1435: 1427: 1386: 1353:Parade 1294: 1207: 1122: 1097: 1089: 1052: 1044: 999: 970: 962: 639:, and 539:, and 471:stress 463:coping 200:denial 8142:Other 7672:Legal 7528:Books 7359:Media 7161:Samoa 7096:Kenya 7081:India 7071:Ghana 7056:China 7051:Chile 6641:Forms 6602:Abuse 6536:Shill 5702:Shame 5390:Types 5281:Lying 5014:Types 5006:Abuse 4923:T74.3 4873:(PDF) 4539:S2CID 4409:S2CID 4364:S2CID 4319:S2CID 4259:S2CID 4174:S2CID 3622:S2CID 3582:S2CID 3537:S2CID 3366:S2CID 3076:S2CID 3023:S2CID 2827:S2CID 2557:S2CID 2520:S2CID 2116:S2CID 2060:(PDF) 2043:(PDF) 2009:S2CID 1974:S2CID 1925:JSTOR 1810:S2CID 1716:S2CID 1588:S2CID 1433:S2CID 1095:S2CID 1050:S2CID 968:S2CID 740:crime 383:DARVO 269:risk. 81:abuse 8024:Food 7748:Burn 7141:Peru 7086:Iran 6725:Sati 5978:List 5457:Rank 4944:MeSH 4933:9-CM 4881:2019 4849:ISBN 4808:PMID 4765:OCLC 4736:ISBN 4687:OCLC 4636:ISBN 4562:ISBN 4531:PMID 4492:ISBN 4467:ISBN 4442:OCLC 4432:ISBN 4401:PMID 4356:PMID 4251:PMID 4212:ISBN 4166:PMID 4127:ISBN 4098:ISBN 4068:OCLC 4001:ISBN 3930:PMID 3891:ISBN 3858:ISBN 3827:ISBN 3795:ISBN 3725:Pdf. 3718:and 3690:Pdf. 3685:link 3671:2024 3574:PMID 3529:PMID 3492:ISBN 3469:PMID 3418:Pdf. 3414:2015 3358:PMID 3319:ISBN 3295:2012 3237:2012 3191:2015 3127:PMID 3068:PMID 3032:Pdf. 2986:PMID 2955:2022 2926:PMID 2908:ISSN 2883:Pdf. 2874:PMID 2790:PMID 2750:ISBN 2724:PMID 2686:PMID 2635:ISBN 2608:ISBN 2583:ISBN 2566:Pdf. 2489:2024 2458:2022 2424:ISBN 2396:ISBN 2362:PMID 2344:ISSN 2303:ISBN 2280:PMID 2233:Pdf. 2200:ISBN 2108:ISSN 2068:2024 2047:ISBN 2018:Pdf. 1966:PMID 1878:OCLC 1868:ISBN 1849:2009 1733:Pdf. 1726:PMID 1679:PMID 1631:Pdf. 1622:PMID 1551:ISBN 1528:PMID 1477:PMID 1444:2021 1425:PMID 1384:ISBN 1333:2024 1292:ISBN 1268:2019 1214:Pdf. 1205:PMID 1182:2015 1156:2013 1120:ISBN 1087:PMID 1042:PMID 997:ISBN 960:PMID 721:and 251:and 221:and 174:The 4929:ICD 4914:ICD 4798:doi 4711:doi 4593:doi 4523:doi 4393:doi 4348:doi 4311:doi 4243:doi 4158:doi 4036:NCJ 3978:NCJ 3964:NCJ 3922:doi 3765:NCJ 3728:NCJ 3655:doi 3614:doi 3566:doi 3521:doi 3459:PMC 3451:doi 3350:doi 3117:PMC 3109:doi 3060:doi 3015:doi 2978:doi 2974:133 2916:PMC 2866:doi 2819:doi 2782:doi 2716:doi 2676:PMC 2668:doi 2549:doi 2512:doi 2352:PMC 2336:doi 2270:doi 2100:doi 2001:doi 1958:doi 1917:doi 1841:BBC 1800:hdl 1792:doi 1763:doi 1708:doi 1669:PMC 1661:doi 1580:doi 1518:PMC 1510:doi 1469:doi 1417:doi 1079:doi 1075:168 1034:doi 1030:168 952:doi 643:. 473:or 465:or 99:or 75:or 8409:: 4947:: 4936:: 4921:: 4918:10 4837:; 4806:. 4794:16 4792:. 4786:. 4763:. 4707:21 4705:. 4620:. 4614:. 4589:18 4587:. 4537:. 4529:. 4517:. 4440:. 4407:. 4399:. 4387:. 4362:. 4354:. 4344:22 4342:. 4317:. 4307:11 4305:. 4288:14 4286:. 4280:. 4257:. 4249:. 4237:. 4210:, 4172:. 4164:. 4152:. 4025:. 3957:, 3953:. 3928:. 3918:44 3916:. 3889:. 3887:57 3856:, 3854:13 3751:, 3747:. 3714:. 3681:}} 3677:{{ 3649:. 3643:. 3620:. 3610:29 3608:. 3580:. 3572:. 3562:19 3560:. 3535:. 3527:. 3517:22 3515:. 3467:. 3457:. 3447:27 3445:. 3441:. 3396:, 3392:, 3378:^ 3364:. 3356:. 3346:13 3344:. 3317:, 3281:. 3277:. 3258:35 3256:. 3252:. 3227:. 3203:. 3181:. 3147:. 3125:. 3115:. 3105:25 3103:. 3097:. 3074:. 3066:. 3056:26 3054:. 3021:. 3009:. 2984:. 2972:. 2946:. 2924:. 2914:. 2904:30 2902:. 2898:. 2872:. 2864:. 2852:71 2850:. 2825:. 2815:13 2813:. 2788:. 2778:23 2776:. 2736:^ 2722:. 2712:62 2710:. 2684:. 2674:. 2664:31 2662:. 2658:. 2555:. 2543:. 2518:. 2506:. 2475:. 2449:. 2394:. 2374:^ 2360:. 2350:. 2342:. 2330:. 2326:. 2278:. 2266:20 2264:. 2260:. 2246:^ 2217:^ 2114:. 2106:. 2096:16 2094:. 2090:. 2076:^ 2007:. 1997:33 1995:. 1972:. 1964:. 1954:14 1952:. 1937:^ 1923:. 1915:. 1903:65 1901:. 1876:. 1839:. 1833:. 1822:^ 1808:. 1798:. 1786:. 1759:37 1757:. 1714:. 1704:17 1702:. 1677:. 1667:. 1657:31 1655:. 1651:. 1637:^ 1618:19 1616:. 1612:. 1594:. 1586:. 1576:19 1574:. 1526:. 1516:. 1504:. 1498:. 1475:. 1465:57 1463:. 1431:. 1423:. 1413:18 1411:. 1407:. 1362:^ 1350:. 1319:. 1315:. 1276:^ 1254:. 1243:^ 1233:. 1229:. 1201:61 1199:. 1173:. 1093:. 1085:. 1073:. 1048:. 1040:. 1028:. 1014:^ 980:^ 966:. 958:. 946:. 930:^ 635:, 625:do 535:, 511:. 477:. 398:c. 373:. 138:, 118:, 114:, 95:, 91:, 59:, 7924:/ 7718:e 7711:t 7704:v 6765:/ 6575:e 6568:t 6561:v 6326:e 6319:t 6312:v 5980:) 5976:( 5375:e 5368:t 5361:v 4998:e 4991:t 4984:v 4931:- 4916:- 4906:D 4883:. 4857:. 4814:. 4800:: 4771:. 4744:. 4717:. 4713:: 4693:. 4644:. 4622:4 4599:. 4595:: 4570:. 4545:. 4525:: 4519:7 4500:. 4475:. 4448:. 4415:. 4395:: 4389:9 4370:. 4350:: 4325:. 4313:: 4265:. 4245:: 4239:5 4220:. 4180:. 4160:: 4154:1 4135:. 4106:. 4074:. 3961:. 3936:. 3924:: 3899:. 3866:. 3835:. 3803:. 3755:. 3722:. 3687:) 3673:. 3657:: 3651:8 3628:. 3616:: 3588:. 3568:: 3543:. 3523:: 3500:. 3475:. 3453:: 3372:. 3352:: 3327:. 3297:. 3239:. 3207:. 3193:. 3165:. 3133:. 3111:: 3082:. 3062:: 3029:. 3017:: 3011:2 2992:. 2980:: 2957:. 2932:. 2880:. 2868:: 2833:. 2821:: 2796:. 2784:: 2758:. 2730:. 2718:: 2692:. 2670:: 2643:. 2616:. 2591:. 2563:. 2551:: 2545:5 2526:. 2514:: 2508:5 2491:. 2460:. 2432:. 2404:. 2368:. 2338:: 2332:2 2311:. 2286:. 2272:: 2208:. 2179:. 2159:. 2122:. 2102:: 2070:. 2015:. 2003:: 1980:. 1960:: 1931:. 1919:: 1884:. 1851:. 1816:. 1802:: 1794:: 1788:8 1769:. 1765:: 1722:. 1710:: 1685:. 1663:: 1628:. 1582:: 1559:. 1534:. 1512:: 1506:3 1483:. 1471:: 1446:. 1419:: 1392:. 1335:. 1321:8 1300:. 1270:. 1237:. 1211:. 1184:. 1158:. 1128:. 1101:. 1081:: 1056:. 1036:: 1005:. 974:. 954:: 948:9 594:. 583:. 396:( 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Psychological abuse

Index