914:
dowager was greatly offended and instructed her servants to pour two cups of poisoned wine which were set on the table between the trio. She ordered Liu Fei to toast her, while ignoring
Emperor Hui. As Liu Fei was about to drink the poisoned wine, Emperor Hui, knowing his mother's murderously jealous temperament and remembering how his other brother had died, suddenly reached for the second cup, which the Empress did not intend. (The second cup was a decoy, placed there only to suggest to Liu Fei that she would return his toast, as ritual required, although he would die immediately on drinking his, so she would not need to drink the other cup. Her resentment toward Liu Fei fully captured her attention and she did not even think of her son's presence.) Empress Dowager Lü jumped up and slapped the second cup away from Emperor Hui, spilling it. Liu Fei realized the trick and left, pretending to be already drunk. In the end, he was only able to leave the capital by offering to the Empress an entire
906:
palace to force poisoned wine down the prince's throat. By the time that
Emperor Hui returned, his brother was dead. She then had Consort Qi's eyes gouged out, made her ears deaf, drugged her to make her unable to speak and had her arms and legs cut off. The mutilated woman was thrown into a latrine and then fed and kept alive in a pig's bin and was called the "人彘", meaning literally the "human swine". (She would die from the torture.) When Emperor Hui saw his father's favorite and the mother of his beloved little brother in such a condition, he cried out loud and became depressed and sick for about a year. He told his mother that he could not govern the empire, given that he was the son of someone like her who has done such inhuman deeds. From that point, Emperor Hui only "indulged himself with wine and women" and no longer made major and key governing decisions, leaving them to his mother, and Empress Dowager Lü had so much power that Emperor Hui was ineffective.
811:: Master Dongyuan, Qi Liji, Master Xiahuang and Mr. Lu Li. During the time of troubles which characterized the Qin dynasty, these four had entered into a life of seclusion on Mount Shang. They were old and had white hair and beards. Thus, they were known as the Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang. Liu Bang was well aware of the reputation of these four sages, and when he became emperor Gao, the four refused his ardent entreaties to assume positions of importance in his newly established government. When the question of who was to be imperial heir came up, two of Gaodi's women both advocated for their own son: Lü for Ying and Qi for her own son. Gao favored Qi's son, as he thought the youth embodied more of his personality. Lü Hou got the advantage: she went to the powerful official
799:
750:. How his family received this news was unclear, but a few months later, when Xiang responded and crushed Liu's forces, Liu fled and, in his flight, attempted to pass through his hometown to take his family with him. He was able to find his children and carry them along with him, but his father and wife were captured by Xiang's forces and kept as hostages—and would not be returned to him until Liu and Xiang temporarily made peace in 203 BC. The then-very young Liu Ying must have then spent these days not knowing what the eventual fate of his grandfather and mother would be.
25:
989:, who would later overthrow the Lü clan after the deaths of both Emperor Hui and Empress Dowager Lü, claimed that Emperor Hui had no sons—but that Empress Zhang, at Empress Dowager Lü's instigation, stole eight boys from other people, put their mothers to death, and made the children her own. Modern historians have split opinions on the issue, but largely believe that the boys were actually Emperor Hui's sons by concubines and that Empress Zhang did indeed put their mothers to death and make them her own children. (As, for example,
819:, as the elder son the future Huidi should succeed to the rulership. Furthermore, Liu Ying's nature was benevolent and compassionate. Gaodi noticed the presence of four elders with white hair and white beards at his court, and inquired as to their identity. Upon finding out who they were and what their position was, Gaodi went to Lady Qi and told her: “I cannot appoint your son as the successor because the Crown Prince has already obtained the support of such capable people. His position is firmly entrenched.”
613:
815:, who said, “His Majesty had long heard about the Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang and wanted to invite them to serve the country. However, they refused. If the Crown Prince could obtain the support of the Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang, then His Majesty would not depose him.” Lü Hou then applied her forces of persuasion. The Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang showed up at court. The four agreed that according to the Confucian precepts of
500:
994:
of
Empress Dowager Lü and her clan, and therefore might if allowed to live eventually to seek vengeance for the slaughter of the Lü clan—a reason that they themselves admitted. Except for Liu Gong (who was deposed and executed by Empress Dowager Lü), the other children either died young by natural causes or were executed by the officials after they made Liu Heng, the Prince of Dai (
1705:(上欲废太子，立戚夫人子赵王如意。大臣多谏争，未能得坚决者也。吕后恐，不知所为。人或谓吕后曰：“留侯善画计䇲，上信用之。”吕后乃使建成侯吕泽劫留侯，曰：“君常为上谋臣，今上欲易太子，君安得高枕而卧乎？”留侯曰：“始上数在困急之中，幸用臣䇲。今天下安定，以爱欲易太子，骨肉之间，虽臣等百馀人何益。”吕泽强要曰：“为我画计。”留侯曰：“此难以口舌争也。顾上有不能致者，天下有四人。四人者年老矣，皆以为上慢侮人，故逃匿山中，义不为汉臣。然上高此四人。今公诚能无爱金玉璧帛，令太子为书，卑辞安车，因使辩士固请，宜来。来，以为客，时时从入朝，令上见之，则必异而问之。问之，上知此四人贤，则一助也。”于是吕后令吕泽使人奉太子书，卑辞厚礼，迎此四人。四人至，客建成侯所。)
993:
pointed out, it would be logically incongruent, if
Empress Zhang did steal these children from elsewhere, for her to put only the mothers but not the fathers to death.) Under this theory, the officials denied the imperial ancestry of these children in fear of the fact that they were also descendants
806:
Soon after establishing the Han dynasty, the new emperor, Gaodi, was eager to recruit talented persons. In 196 BCE, Gao even issued a decree to the effect that any official knowing of a virtuous man must so report on penalty of being fired (unless they were too old or sick). Sometime before or after
930:
As the second emperor of his dynasty, Huidi helped to establish the Han dynasty on a strong footing: Huidi bolstered the Han dynastic aspirations by establishing shrines venerating his father throughout the land. Although his father, Gaodi, had continued many of the Qin institutions, Huidi repealed
905:
January 194 BC. One morning, Emperor Hui was out hunting and wanted to take Liu Ruyi with him. The young prince was then only 14 years old and refused to get up from bed, and
Emperor Hui left for the hunt on his own. Empress Dowager Lü heard this and immediately sent an assassin into the emperor's
831:
rebelled in 196 BC, Emperor Gao was ill and considered sending Prince Ying as the commander of the forces against Ying Bu rather than campaigning himself, but at the suggestion of
Empress Lü (who averred that the generals, who were generally Emperor Gao's old friends, might not fully obey the young
913:
December 194 BC, when Liu Fei, Prince of Qi—his older half-brother—made an official visit to the capital, they both attended a feast put on by
Empress Dowager Lü. Emperor Hui, honoring the prince as an older brother, asked him to take a seat at the table even more honored than his own. The empress
871:, became the effective lead figure in his administration. She wanted to carry out a plot of revenge against Consort Qi and her son Ruyi. She first arrested Consort Qi and put her in prison garb (shaved head, confined by stock, and wearing red clothes). She then summoned
935:
law. Nevertheless, Huidi's gentle nature was at first little match against the ruthless Lü Hou and her clan. Still, the Han dynasty was set on a firm foot as the challenging Lü clan was eventually generally exterminated and Han Huidi was effectively succeeded by
1775:
also recorded that Liu Bang was already ill when he chose to lead an army against Ying Bu, and that it was he who refused further treatment after a doctor assessed that he could be saved. (吕后迎良医。医入见，曰：“疾可治。”上嫚骂之曰：“吾以布衣提三尺取天下，此非天命乎？命乃在天，虽扁鹊何益？”遂不使治疾，赐黄金五十斤，罢之。)
898:) and received Liu Ruyi into his palace, and they dined and slept together. Empress Dowager Lü wanted to kill Liu Ruyi, but was afraid that any attempt might also harm her own son, and therefore could not carry out her plot for several months.
1767:(是时，上有疾，欲使太子往击黥布。太子客东园公、绮里季、夏黄公、角里先生说建成侯吕释之曰：“太子将兵，有功则位不益，无功则从此受祸矣。君何不急请吕后，承间为上泣言：‘黥布，天下猛将也，善用兵。今诸将皆陛下故等夷，乃令太子将此属，无异使羊将狼，莫肯为用；且使布闻之，则鼓行而西耳！上虽病，强载辎车，卧而护之，诸将不敢不尽力。上虽苦，为妻子自强！’”于是吕释之立夜见吕后。吕后承间为上泣涕而言，如四人意。上曰：“吾惟竖子固不足遣，而公自行耳。......上击布时，为流矢所中，行道，疾甚。)
558:
from the powerful Lü clan. Emperor Hui is generally remembered as a somewhat weak character dominated and terrorized by his mother, Empress Lü, who became
Empress Dowager after she encouraged her husband to command personally the war against
980:
November 192 BC, Emperor Hui married
Empress Zhang, a marriage that would not yield any children. However, whether Emperor Hui actually had children during or before his reign is a controversial question. The officials, including
579:; their marriage was the result of insistence by Empress Dowager Lü and was a childless one. After Emperor Hui died without a designated heir, Empress Dowager Lü installed two of his alleged sons whom she adopted into her clan,
852:
Prince Ying succeeded to the throne of Han when his father died in 195 BC from complications of an arrow wound suffered during the campaign against Ying Bu, after Lü Hou had insisted on Gaodi personally leading the fight.
1754:, translation Josey Shun and Bhikshuni Heng Yin, "Lectures on Tao Yuanming's Poems", a series of lectures at Gold Buddha Monastery, Canada (lecture tapes were transcribed by Tu Xiaoli, An Yi, and Yang Aidi) <
887:), whom she respected because he was one of the officials who insisted on Liu Ying being the rightful heir. Instead of directly moving against Zhou and Liu Ruyi, though, Lü circumvented Zhou by first summoning
570:
from being murdered by
Empress Dowager Lü, but failed. After that, he indulged himself in drinking and sex, gave up government affairs to his mother, and died at a relatively young age. Emperor Hui's wife was
686:, who would later be made the Prince of Qi. However, Liu Ying was considered to be the proper heir because his mother, the later Empress Lü, was Liu Bang's wife, while Liu Fei's mother was either a
566:
Huidi was personally kind and well-intentioned, simple, hesitant, soft-hearted and generous, unable to escape the impact of his mother's viciousness. He tried to protect his younger half-brother
2359:
827:
As crown prince, Prince Ying, along with his mother, would be the ones who would rule on important matters at the capital in his father's absence during various campaigns. When
790:, was his favorite concubine. With the support of the officials and the Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang, Prince Ying's status as heir survived despite Consort Qi's machinations.
1857:
calendar used during this era, the 2nd year of Emperor Hui's reign starts from 20 Nov 194 BCE and ends on 8 Nov 193 BCE in the proleptic Julian calendar.
894:
Emperor Hui tried to save Liu Ruyi's life. Before Liu Ruyi could get to the capital, Emperor Hui intercepted his young brother at Bashang (霸上, in modern
782:("Crown Prince Ying"), he was considered to be kind and tolerant, characteristics that Emperor Gao did not like. Rather, he favored his young son
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1509:
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for supremacy over the Chinese world, his mother, his sister, and he did not initially follow his father to the Principality of Han (modern
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876:
1496:
952:, who was favored so deeply that many officials attempted to imitate his style of dress in the hope of gaining the emperor's attention.
1784:(高祖崩，太后使使召赵王，其相昌令王称疾不行。使者三反，昌曰：“高帝属臣赵王，王年少，窃闻太后怨戚夫人，欲召赵王并诛之。臣不敢遣王，王且亦疾，不能奉诏。”太后怒，乃使使召赵相。相至，谒太后，太后骂昌曰：“尔不知我之怨戚氏乎？而不遣赵王！”昌既被征，高后使使召赵王。)
2393:
1849:
placed this incident in the 10th month of the 2nd year of Emperor Hui's reign, which corresponds to 20 Nov to 19 Dec 194 BCE in the
2388:
932:
2014:
960:
Hui died in the autumn of 188 BC of an unspecified illness. After Empress Lü's death and the massacre of the Lü clan in 180BC,
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1866:(齐悼惠王来朝，饮于太后前。帝以齐王，兄也，置之上坐。太后怒，酌鸩酒置前，赐齐王为寿。齐王起，帝亦起取卮；太后恐，自起泛帝卮。齐王怪之，因不敢饮，佯醉去；问知其鸩，大恐。齐内史士说王，使献城阳郡为鲁元公主汤沐邑。太后喜，乃罢归齐王。)
922:. Empress Dowager Lü, who greatly loved her daughter as well, was pleased and let Liu Fei return to his principality.
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652:
68:
46:
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prince), went on the campaign himself. Prince Ying was instead put in charge of home territories around the capital
674:. Liu Ying's childhood is not completely clear. His father Liu Bang would after Liu Ying's birth go on to found the
39:
2303:
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798:
678:, and later given the posthumous name of Han Gaodi (emperor Gao of Han). What is known is that Liu Ying was not
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778:. Thus, Liu Ying became the first crown prince in Chinese imperial history. Under the title of
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indicated that he was 5 (by East Asian reckoning) when his father Liu Bang became King of Han.
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Chronicle of the Chinese Emperors: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers of Imperial China
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day of the 8th month of the 7th year of Emperor Hui's reign, per Emperor Hui's biography in
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In 205 BC, Liu Bang appeared to be near total victory, having captured Xiang's capital of
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Immediately upon Prince Ying's ascension to the throne as Emperor Hui, Empress Lü, now
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718:); rather, they stayed in his father's home territory, perhaps in his home town of
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These Classical Chinese historical sources are standard, and incorporated herein:
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268:
591:. They and the rest of the Lü clan were exterminated in the wake of the ensuing
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as the next emperor, deliberately due to his lack of a powerful maternal clan.
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to the capital—an attempt that was initially resisted by Ruyi's chief of staff
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844:(張良). He appeared to carry out the tasks competently but without distinction.
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1605:
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637: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Emperor Hui, however, continued to try to protect his siblings. In
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or a mistress who was with Liu Bang before he became King of Han.
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964:'s officials and survivors of the imperial Liu clan then chose
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Kanō Naonobu (17th century): "The Four Sages of Mount Shang"
786:, whom he considered to be more like him and whose mother,
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255:
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After Liu Bang's victory and self-declaration as the
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807:that, Gao attempted to obtain the services of the
918:from his principality, to be the feudal estate of
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16:Second emperor of the Han dynasty (r. 195–188 BC)
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2022:
1723:
1721:
1719:
931:some particularly harsh Qin laws, such as the
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1553:Classical Chinese secondary reference sources
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1089:
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891:to the capital, and then summoning Liu Ruyi.
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702:, while Liu Bang fought a five-year war with
554:, the first Han emperor, and the only son of
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1797:(王来，未到；帝知太后怒，自迎赵王霸上，与入宫，自挟与起居饮食。太后欲杀之，不得间。)
1716:
857:Reign as emperor under Empress Lü's regency
753:
741:
2015:
2001:
1810:
1734:. New York, New York: Thames and Hudson.
1619:Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance
1019:; 202–163 BC), niece, personal name Yan (
653:Learn how and when to remove this message
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1879:
1745:
971:
933:Burning of books and burying of scholars
797:
498:
32:This article includes a list of general
1975:195 BC – 188 BC with
587:, sons of one or more of the Emperor's
503:Anling (安陵), the tomb of Han Huidi, in
2371:
1771:, vol.12. However, the same volume of
1547:
1349:
1345:
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1241:
1138:
1134:
948:Hui had a eunuch lover by the name of
532:; 210 BC – 26 September 188 BC), born
421:
1996:
1756:"Vajra Bhodi Sea" No. 382, March 2002
1709:, vol.55. Zhang Liang's biography in
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901:Empress Dowager Lü got her chance in
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575:, a niece of his by his elder sister
635:adding citations to reliable sources
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603:Early life and years as crown prince
18:
1637:
13:
1047:Liu Qiang, Prince Huai of Huaiyang
925:
774:and Liu Ying, as his proper heir,
734:, presumably with his grandfather
730:) deep in Xiang's Principality of
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
2420:
595:, and Emperor Hui's half-brother
2394:LGBTQ people from Imperial China
1499:in the 2004 Hong-Kong TV series
848:Succession to the imperial power
836:, assisted by Confucian scholar
611:
599:was established as Emperor Wen.
23:
2389:2nd-century BC Chinese monarchs
1873:
1860:
1839:
1804:
1791:
1333:Emperor Hui of Han (210–188 BC)
622:needs additional citations for
482:
468:
444:
1883:Homosexuality and Civilization
1880:Crompton, Louis (2006-10-31).
1778:
1761:
1699:
1686:
1674:
1657:
1644:
1571:Records of the Grand Historian
1542:Family tree of the Han dynasty
1525:in the 2010 Chinese TV series
1512:in the 2010 Chinese TV series
1059:Liu Buyi, Prince Ai of Hengsha
809:Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang
794:Four Whiteheads of Mount Shang
770:, in 202 BC, he made his wife
665:
528:
519:
420:
406:
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362:
103:
1:
2324:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1713:also contained this anecdote.
977:
910:
902:
670:Liu Ying was born during the
193:26 September 188 BC (aged 22)
2409:Western Han dynasty emperors
1886:. Harvard University Press.
1086:Liu Chao, Prince of Hengshan
682:'s oldest son—that would be
7:
2024:Emperors of the Han dynasty
1650:Emperor Hui's biography in
1535:
1124:
550:. He was the second son of
10:
2425:
1347:
1235:
1136:
1098:Liu Wu, Prince of Huaiyang
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860:
823:Lü Hou: Growing ascendancy
121:Emperor of the Han dynasty
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2190:
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1981:
1962:
1954:
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1922:
1851:proleptic Julian calendar
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130:195 – 26 September 188 BC
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83:
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1528:Beauty's Rival in Palace
1489:
1110:Liu Tai, Prince of Liang
955:
754:Father Liu's big victory
742:Father Liu's big setback
568:Ruyi, Prince Yin of Zhao
357:Traditional Chinese
1985:Emperor Qianshao of Han
371:Simplified Chinese
287:"filial and benevolent"
53:more precise citations.
1578:(on or around 94 BCE).
803:
508:
1502:The Conqueror's Story
1013:, of the Zhang clan (
972:Marriage and children
840:(叔孫通) and strategist
801:
502:
2399:Emperor Gaozu of Han
2230:Marquess of Beixiang
1979: (195–188 BC)
1958:Emperor Gaozu of Han
1892:10.2307/j.ctv2jfvd1w
1225:Emperor Gaozu of Han
1006:Consorts and Issue:
631:improve this article
1692:(齐悼惠王肥，其母高祖微时外妇也。)
1548:Reference citations
920:Princess Yuan of Lu
863:Lü Clan disturbance
593:Lü Clan disturbance
577:Princess Yuan of Lu
155:(as Empress regent)
2404:People from Xuzhou
1977:Empress Dowager Lü
1924:Emperor Hui of Han
1853:. In the modified
938:Emperor Wen of Han
804:
700:Chu–Han Contention
694:Chu–Han Contention
542:), was the second
512:Emperor Hui of Han
509:
84:Emperor Hui of Han
2366:
2365:
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1106:; 192–180 BC)
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1082:; 190–180 BC)
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1043:; 193–184 BC)
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962:Emperor Gaozu
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620:This section
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552:Emperor Gaozu
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327:Emperor Gaozu
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185:
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175:Liu Ying (劉盈)
174:
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139:Emperor Gaozu
137:
133:
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107:
100:
95:
82:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2312:N. Dynasties
2308:S. Dynasties
2053:
1969:
1963:
1941:
1934:
1929:House of Liu
1927:
1882:
1875:
1867:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1841:
1827:
1806:
1798:
1793:
1785:
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1763:
1747:
1731:
1728:Paludan, Ann
1710:
1706:
1701:
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1659:
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1646:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1593:
1569:
1556:
1526:
1514:
1510:Shi Yun Peng
1500:
1444:(241–180 BC)
1227:(256–195 BC)
1173:(282–197 BC)
1118:; d. 180 BC)
1109:
1097:
1094:; d. 180 BC)
1085:
1070:
1067:; d. 186 BC)
1058:
1055:; d. 183 BC)
1046:
1031:
1005:
975:
959:
947:
929:
908:
900:
893:
888:
866:
851:
826:
817:filial piety
805:
779:
776:crown prince
757:
745:
697:
669:
649:
640:
629:Please help
624:verification
621:
565:
533:
527:
511:
510:
453:Southern Min
401:Hanyu Pinyin
285:Xiaohui (孝惠)
282:
280:"benevolent"
275:
97:
65:
56:
37:
2304:16 Kingdoms
2192:Eastern Han
2144:Xin dynasty
2041:Western Han
2033:Han dynasty
1971:Western Han
1829:Book of Han
1786:Book of Han
1711:Book of Han
1694:Book of Han
1670:Book of Han
1652:Book of Han
1595:Book of Han
1442:Empress Gao
1171:Liu Taigong
996:Emperor Wen
842:Zhang Liang
838:Shusun Tong
813:Zhang Liang
768:Han dynasty
764:Emperor Gao
736:Liu Taigong
732:Western Chu
676:Han dynasty
672:Qin dynasty
666:Early years
548:Han dynasty
337:Empress Gao
316:Western Han
252:Family name
200:Han dynasty
184:Qin dynasty
135:Predecessor
51:introducing
2373:Categories
2296:3 Kingdoms
2059:Empress Lü
1822:(1962) . "
1606:Sima Guang
916:commandery
877:Zhou Chang
788:Consort Qi
780:Ying Taizi
589:concubines
556:Empress Lü
445:Làuh Yìhng
263:: Ying (盈)
261:Given name
180:Pei County
163:Empress Lü
153:Empress Lü
34:references
2182:Liu Penzi
2154:Wang Mang
1910:150065540
1621:), vols.
1602:(111 CE).
1566:Sima Qian
1497:Chan Kwan
1074:, Emperor
1035:, Emperor
983:Chen Ping
748:Pengcheng
712:Chongqing
688:concubine
643:June 2021
529:Hàn Huìdì
507:, Shaanxi
145:Successor
59:June 2021
2260:Liu Bian
2064:Qianshao
1870:, vol.12
1820:Ban Biao
1816:Ban Zhao
1801:, vol.12
1788:, vol.42
1730:(1998).
1696:, vol.38
1683:, vol.12
1590:Ban Zhao
1582:Ban Biao
1562:Sima Tan
1536:See also
1515:The Myth
1125:Ancestry
1072:Liu Hong
1064:恆山哀王 劉不疑
1033:Liu Gong
1028:Unknown
966:Liu Heng
873:Liu Ruyi
834:Chang'an
784:Liu Ruyi
704:Xiang Yu
680:Liu Bang
597:Liu Heng
585:Liu Hong
581:Liu Gong
534:Liu Ying
505:Xianyang
407:Liú Yíng
347:Liu Ying
236:Liu Hong
232:Liu Gong
196:Chang'an
2200:Guangwu
2177:Gengshi
2069:Houshao
1855:Zhuanxu
1633:(1084).
1523:Luo Jin
1147:Liu Ren
1052:淮陽懷王 劉強
1016:孝惠皇后 張氏
991:Bo Yang
987:Zhou Bo
950:Hong Ru
944:Hong Ru
829:Ying Bu
772:empress
760:emperor
728:Jiangsu
716:Shaanxi
708:Sichuan
698:During
684:Liu Fei
561:Ying Bu
546:of the
544:emperor
516:Chinese
483:Lâu îng
469:Lâu êng
460:Hokkien
307:Dynasty
278:Hui (惠)
99:Huangdi
47:improve
2336:W. Xia
2169:Chimei
2096:Liu He
1944:188 BC
1940:
1937:210 BC
1908:
1898:
1824:3: 高后紀
1812:Ban Gu
1738:
1610:et al.
1600:vol. 2
1588:, and
1586:Ban Gu
1576:vol. 9
1390:Lü Wen
1103:淮陽王 劉武
1091:恆山王 劉朝
1002:Family
724:Xuzhou
526::
524:pinyin
518::
477:Tâi-lô
333:Mother
323:Father
276:Short:
216:Spouse
206:Burial
177:210 BC
160:Regent
36:, but
2280:Shang
2240:Chong
2220:Shang
2210:Zhang
2165:Lülin
2111:Cheng
2049:Gaozu
1942:Died:
1935:Born:
1906:S2CID
1707:Shiji
1665:wuyin
1490:Media
1115:梁王 劉太
1079:皇帝 劉弘
1040:皇帝 劉恭
956:Death
896:Xi'an
297:House
283:Full:
246:Names
227:Issue
127:Reign
2352:Qing
2348:Ming
2344:Yuan
2332:Song
2328:Liao
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2265:Xian
2255:Ling
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2235:Shun
2205:Ming
2167:and
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2081:Jing
1896:ISBN
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985:and
583:and
190:Died
172:Born
151:and
2360:PRC
2356:ROC
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2245:Zhi
2076:Wen
2054:Hui
1888:doi
1826:".
976:In
889:him
720:Pei
633:by
520:漢惠帝
463:POJ
415:IPA
312:Han
301:Liu
258:(劉)
256:Liu
89:漢惠帝
2375::
2358:/
2354:→
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2346:→
2342:→
2338:/
2334:/
2330:/
2326:→
2322:→
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2310:/
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2302:/
2298:→
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2225:An
2215:He
2116:Ai
2086:Wu
1904:.
1894:.
1833:漢書
1818:;
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363:劉盈
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109:帝
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104:(
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