524:
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3720:(i.e. through phase changes of a medium, such between water and slush or ice). Short-term thermal storages can be used for peak-shaving in district heating or electrical distribution systems. Kinds of renewable or alternative energy sources that can be enabled include natural energy (e.g. collected via solar-thermal collectors, or dry cooling towers used to collect winter's cold), waste energy (e.g. from HVAC equipment, industrial processes or power plants), or surplus energy (e.g. as seasonally from hydropower projects or intermittently from wind farms). The
42:
1081:. To ensure human development continues sustainably, governments around the world are beginning to research potential ways to implement renewable sources into their countries and economies. For example, the UK Government’s Department for Energy and Climate Change 2050 Pathways created a mapping technique to educate the public on land competition between energy supply technologies. This tool provides users the ability to understand what the limitations and potential their surrounding land and country has in terms of energy production.
224:
889:
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81:
2795:. The authors argued that simply switching to domestic energy would not be secure inherently because the true weakness is the often interdependent and vulnerable energy infrastructure of a country. Key aspects such as gas lines and the electrical power grid are often centralized and easily susceptible to disruption. They conclude that a "resilient energy supply" is necessary for both national security and the environment. They recommend a focus on energy efficiency and renewable energy that is decentralized.
73:
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316:
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3573:(dry, flash or binary), heat pumps, or wells. These processes of harnessing the heat incorporate an infrastructure which has in one form or another a turbine which is spun by either the hot water or the steam produced by it. The spinning turbine, being connected to a generator, produces energy. A more recent innovation involves the use of shallow closed-loop systems that pump heat to and from structures by taking advantage of the constant temperature of soil around 10 feet deep.
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89:
2004:, and interest rates. Pilot programs like EWEB's customer opt in Green Power Program show that customers would be willing to pay a little more for a renewable energy source like geothermal. But as a result of government assisted research and industry experience, the cost of generating geothermal power has decreased by 25% over the past two decades. In 2001, geothermal energy cost between two and ten US cents per kWh.
1688:
13237:
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1992:. Recent technological advances have dramatically expanded the range and size of viable resources, especially for applications such as home heating, opening a potential for widespread exploitation. Geothermal wells release greenhouse gases trapped deep within the earth, but these emissions are much lower per energy unit than those of fossil fuels. As a result, geothermal power has the potential to help mitigate
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cycles which carry a large variety of risks. In
Eastern Europe, a number of long-established projects are struggling to find finance, notably Belene in Bulgaria and the additional reactors at Cernavoda in Romania, and some potential backers have pulled out. Where cheap gas is available and its future supply relatively secure, this also poses a major problem for nuclear projects.
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greater than the value of the energy produced by the resource, it is no longer an effective energy source. These resources are no longer an energy source but may be exploited for value as raw materials. New technology may lower the energy investment required to extract and convert the resources, although ultimately basic physics sets limits that cannot be exceeded.
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down very quickly to adapt to changing energy demands. However, damming interrupts the flow of rivers and can harm local ecosystems, and building large dams and reservoirs often involves displacing people and wildlife. Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the
1062:
58% of sample countries linked renewable energy consumption to have a positive impact on economic growth. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. National renewable energy markets are projected to continue to grow strongly in the coming decade and beyond.
215:
energy are ongoing and not depleted by human demands. Non-renewable resources are those that are significantly depleted by human usage and that will not recover their potential significantly during human lifetimes. An example of a non-renewable energy source is coal, which does not form naturally at a rate that would support human use.
5294:"Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power - global nuclear power has prevented an average of 1.84 million air pollution-related deaths and 64 gigatonnes of CO2-equivalent (GtCO2-eq) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that would have resulted from fossil fuel burning"
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Being recognized as one of the most efficient renewable energy sources, wind power is becoming more and more relevant and used in the world. Wind power does not use any water in the production of energy making it a good source of energy for areas without much water. Wind energy could also be produced
2204:
Similarly, in the United States, the independent
National Research Council has noted that "sufficient domestic renewable resources exist to allow renewable electricity to play a significant role in future electricity generation and thus help confront issues related to climate change, energy security,
1134:
The cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity. The average cost of electricity from a hydro plant larger than 10 megawatts is 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour. Hydro is also a flexible source of electricity since plants can be ramped up and
345:
Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources, which will eventually decline in production and become exhausted. While the processes that created fossil fuels are ongoing, fuels are consumed far more quickly than the natural rate of replenishment. Extracting fuels becomes increasingly costly as society
214:
Another important classification is based on the time required to regenerate an energy resource. "Renewable" resources are those that recover their capacity in a time significant by human needs. Examples are hydroelectric power or wind power, when the natural phenomena that are the primary source of
8031:
Faunce TA, Lubitz W, Rutherford AW, MacFarlane D, Moore, GF, Yang P, Nocera DG, Moore TA, Gregory DH, Fukuzumi S, Yoon KB, Armstrong FA, Wasielewski MR, Styring S. ‘Energy and
Environment Case for a Global Project on Artificial Photosynthesis.’ Energy and Environmental Science 2013, 6 (3), 695 - 698
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allows the community to get 97% of its year-round heat from solar collectors on the garage roofs, which most of the heat collected in summer. Types of storages for sensible energy include insulated tanks, borehole clusters in substrates ranging from gravel to bedrock, deep aquifers, or shallow lined
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along with knowledge taken from mechanical and electrical engineering. The wind passes across the aerodynamic rotor blades, creating an area of higher pressure and an area of lower pressure on either side of the blade. The forces of lift and drag are formed due to the difference in air pressure. The
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Energy is also the capacity to do work. We can get energy from food. Energy can be of different forms such as kinetic, potential, mechanical, heat, light etc. Energy is required for individuals and the whole society for lighting, heating, cooking, running, industries, operating transportation and so
2231:
Google spent $ 30 million on their "Renewable Energy
Cheaper than Coal" project to develop renewable energy and stave off catastrophic climate change. The project was cancelled after concluding that a best-case scenario for rapid advances in renewable energy could only result in emissions 55 percent
2200:
by 2030 is feasible and existing energy supply arrangements could be replaced by 2050. Barriers to implementing the renewable energy plan are seen to be "primarily social and political, not technological or economic". Jacobson says that energy costs with a wind, solar, water system should be similar
2169:
has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply.
1999:
The Earth's geothermal resources are theoretically more than adequate to supply humanity's energy needs, but only a very small fraction may be profitably exploited. Drilling and exploration for deep resources is very expensive. Forecasts for the future of geothermal power depend on assumptions about
134:
Societies use energy for transportation, manufacturing, illumination, heating and air conditioning, and communication, for industrial, commercial, and domestic purposes. Energy resources may be classified as primary resources, where the resource can be used in substantially its original form, or as
3425:
has to do with internal combustion engines, turbines, pumps, fans and so on, which are used for transportation, mechanical energy and power generation. High thermal and mechanical loads bring about operational safety worries which are dealt with through many branches of applied engineering science.
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for collecting solar power for use on Earth. Space-based solar power has been in research since the early 1970s. Space-based solar power would require construction of collector structures in space. The advantage over ground-based solar power is higher intensity of light, and no weather to interrupt
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Orbiting solar power collectors would require wireless transmission of power to Earth. The proposed method involves creating a large beam of microwave-frequency radio waves, which would be aimed at a collector antenna site on the Earth. Formidable technical challenges exist to ensure the safety and
1065:
Unlike other energy sources, renewable energy sources are not as restricted by geography. Additionally deployment of renewable energy is resulting in economic benefits as well as combating climate change. Rural electrification has been researched on multiple sites and positive effects on commercial
942:
Costs are likely to go up for currently operating and new nuclear power plants, due to increased requirements for on-site spent fuel management and elevated design basis threats. While first of their kind designs, such as the EPRs under construction are behind schedule and over-budget, of the seven
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Deep within the Earth, is an extreme heat producing layer of molten rock called magma. The very high temperatures from the magma heats nearby groundwater. There are various technologies that have been developed in order to benefit from such heat, such as using different types of power plants
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Including traditional biomass usage, about 19% of global energy consumption is accounted for by renewable resources. Wind powered energy production is being turned to as a prominent renewable energy source, increasing global wind power capacity by 12% in 2021. While not the case for all countries,
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typically have high capital costs for building the plant, but low direct fuel costs. In recent years there has been a slowdown of electricity demand growth and financing has become more difficult, which affects large projects such as nuclear reactors, with very large upfront costs and long project
781:
Recent experiments in extraction of uranium use polymer ropes that are coated with a substance that selectively absorbs uranium from seawater. This process could make the considerable volume of uranium dissolved in seawater exploitable for energy production. Since ongoing geologic processes carry
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Energy production usually requires an energy investment. Drilling for oil or building a wind power plant requires energy. The fossil fuel resources that are left are often increasingly difficult to extract and convert. They may thus require increasingly higher energy investments. If investment is
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looked to energy resilience, arguing that complete independence is unfeasible given the global market for energy. He describes energy resilience as the ability to adjust to interruptions in the supply of energy. To that end, he suggests the U.S. make greater use of electricity. Electricity can be
6859:
Fridleifsson, Ingvar B.; Bertani, Ruggero; Huenges, Ernst; Lund, John W.; Ragnarsson, Arni; Rybach, Ladislaus (2008-02-11), O. Hohmeyer and T. Trittin, ed., The possible role and contribution of geothermal energy to the mitigation of climate change (pdf), IPCC Scoping
Meeting on Renewable Energy
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sources that would otherwise be inaccessible due to a temperature that is too low for utilization or a time lag between when the energy is available and when it is needed. While enhancing the temperature of available renewable thermal energy, heat pumps have the additional property of leveraging
1118:
Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010. China is the largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010, representing around 17 percent of domestic electricity use. There are now three
303:
sources. In 2005, 81% of the world's energy needs was met from fossil sources. The technology and infrastructure for the use of fossil fuels already exist. Liquid fuels derived from petroleum deliver much usable energy per unit of weight or volume, which is advantageous when compared with lower
2109:
MRE can be a renewable energy source for coastal communities helping their transition from fossil fuel, but researchers are calling for a better understanding of its environmental impacts. Because ocean-energy areas are often isolated from both fishing and sea traffic, these zones may provide
2097:
to attract private investment, ensure cost-effectiveness, and accelerate MRE growth. Ireland sees MRE as a key component to reduce its carbon footprint. The
Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan (OREDP) supports the exploration and development of the country's significant offshore energy
2076:
Marine energy technology is in its first stage of development. To be developed, MRE needs efficient methods of storing, transporting, and capturing ocean power, so it can be used where needed. Over the past year, countries around the world have started implementing market strategies for MRE to
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is that electricity is "sticky" – meaning the electricity produced in the U.S. is to stay there because it cannot be transported overseas. According to Grove, a key aspect of advancing electrification and energy resilience will be converting the U.S. automotive fleet from gasoline-powered to
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generated from the technology is limited, also causing fish and mammals living in the area of the installation to return. In the most recent State of
Science Report about MRE, the authors claim that there is no evidence for fish, mammals, or seabirds to be injured by either collision, noise
714:(1979). There have also been some nuclear submarine accidents. In terms of lives lost per unit of energy generated, analysis has determined that nuclear power has caused less fatalities per unit of energy generated than the other major sources of energy generation. Energy production from
7780:
Sustainable
Development and Innovation in the Energy Sector. Ulrich Steger, Wouter Achterberg, Kornelis Blok, Henning Bode, Walter Frenz, Corinna Gather, Gerd Hanekamp, Dieter Imboden, Matthias Jahnke, Michael Kost, Rudi Kurz, Hans G. Nutzinger, Thomas Ziesemer. Springer, December 5,
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Since prehistory, when humanity discovered fire to warm up and roast food, through the Middle Ages in which populations built windmills to grind the wheat, until the modern era in which nations can get electricity splitting the atom. Man has sought endlessly for energy sources.
4098:
National security, safety, technology, and employment implications of increasing CAFE standards : hearing before the
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, January 24, 2002. DIANE Publishing.
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spending, appliance use, and general activities requiring electricity as energy. Renewable energy growth in at least 38 countries has been driven by the high electricity usage rates. International support for promoting renewable sources like solar and wind have continued grow.
135:
secondary resources, where the energy source must be converted into a more conveniently usable form. Non-renewable resources are significantly depleted by human use, whereas renewable resources are produced by ongoing processes that can sustain indefinite human exploitation.
2493:
is a process whereby electrical energy is transmitted from a power source to an electrical load that does not have a built-in power source, without the use of interconnecting wires. Currently available technology is limited to short distances and relatively low power level.
2310:
of sustainable energy policy. In many countries energy efficiency is also seen to have a national security benefit because it can be used to reduce the level of energy imports from foreign countries and may slow down the rate at which domestic energy resources are depleted.
2205:
and the escalation of energy costs ... Renewable energy is an attractive option because renewable resources available in the United States, taken collectively, can supply significantly larger amounts of electricity than the total current or projected domestic demand." .
750:
deaths per unit of energy generated(GWeyr). This study does not include fossil fuel related cancer and other indirect deaths created by the use of fossil fuel consumption in its "severe accident" classification, which would be an accident with more than 5 fatalities.
198:
Energy resources may be classified as primary resources, suitable for end use without conversion to another form, or secondary resources, where the usable form of energy required substantial conversion from a primary source. Examples of primary energy resources are
933:
where these risks, and the risk of cheaper competitors emerging before capital costs are recovered, are borne by plant suppliers and operators rather than consumers, which leads to a significantly different evaluation of the economics of new nuclear power plants.
2345:
in cars, for example, is an anticipated delivery technology. This section presents the various delivery technologies that have been important to historic energy development. They all rely in way on the energy sources listed in the previous section.
2767:
is sustainable in its production; the available supply will not be diminished for the foreseeable future - millions or billions of years. "Sustainability" also refers to the ability of the environment to cope with waste products, especially
1739:
or plant-derived materials). This biomass can be converted to convenient energy containing substances in three different ways: thermal conversion, chemical conversion, and biochemical conversion. This biomass conversion can result in fuel in
1857:
In 2010, worldwide biofuel production reached 105 billion liters (28 billion gallons US), up 17% from 2009, and biofuels provided 2.7% of the world's fuels for road transport, a contribution largely made up of ethanol and biodiesel. Global
8041:
Styring, Stenbjorn; Wasielewski, Michael R.; Armstrong, Fraser A.; Yoon, Kyung Byung; Fukuzumi, Shunichi; Gregory, Duncan H.; Moore, Tom A.; Nocera, Daniel G.; Yang, Peidong; Moore, Gary F.; MacFarlane, Douglas; Rutherford, A. W. (Bill);
5024:
deaths per unit of energy generated(GWeyr). This study does not include fossil fuel related cancer and other indirect deaths created by the use of fossil fuel consumption in its "severe accident", an accident with more than 5 fatalities,
411:, conservatively, between 2007 and 2010. In 2010, it was estimated that an investment of $ 8 trillion in non-renewable resources would be required to maintain current levels of production for 25 years. In 2010, governments subsidized
2478:, and the Northeast of the US. African countries with small scale electrical grids have a correspondingly low annual per capita usage of electricity. One of the most powerful power grids in the world supplies power to the state of
1862:
production reached 86 billion liters (23 billion gallons US) in 2010, with the United States and Brazil as the world's top producers, accounting together for 90% of global production. The world's largest biodiesel producer is the
6839:
1115:; the force of falling or flowing water. In 2015 hydropower generated 16.6% of the world's total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity and was expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the following 25 years.
2098:
potential. Additionally, Ireland has implemented the
Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (RESS) which includes auctions designed to provide financial support for communities, increase technology diversity, and guarantee
3002:) may lead to significant changes, and require sustainable methods of production. One vision of a sustainable energy future involves all human structures on the earth's surface (i.e., buildings, vehicles and roads) doing
7094:
Vieira, Mário; Macedo, Ana; Alvarenga, António; Lafoz, Marcos; Villalba, Isabel; Blanco, Marcos; Rojas, Rodrigo; Romero-Filgueira, Alejandro; García-Mendoza, Adriana; Santos-Herran, Miguel; Alves, Marco (January 2024).
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8401:
2788:" is an unrealistic and opaque concept. The alternative offer of "energy resilience" is a goal aligned with economic, security, and energy realities. The notion of resilience in energy was detailed in the 1982 book
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effects. However, the economic costs of nuclear power accidents is high, and meltdowns can take decades to clean up. The human costs of evacuations of affected populations and lost livelihoods is also significant.
3554:
lift force is stronger than the drag force; therefore the rotor, which is connected to a generator, spins. The energy is then created due to the change from the aerodynamic force to the rotation of the generator.
2462:, and Australia are among the highest per capita consumers of electricity in the world, which is possible thanks to a widespread electrical distribution network. The US grid is one of the most advanced, although
7589:. in: From Silos to Systems: Issues in Clean Energy and Climate Change. A report on the work of the REIL Network, 2008-2010. Edited by Parker L et al. Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies 2010
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2772:. Sources which have no direct waste products (such as wind, solar, and hydropower) are brought up on this point. With global demand for energy growing, the need to adopt various energy sources is growing.
277:(LPG), is principally derived from the production of natural gas. Heat from burning fossil fuel is used either directly for space heating and process heating, or converted to mechanical energy for vehicles,
2298:
could reduce the global energy demand in 2050 to around 8% smaller than today, but serving an economy more than twice as big and a population of about 2 billion more people.
2282:
use two-thirds less energy and may last 6 to 10 times longer than incandescent lights. Improvements in energy efficiency are most often achieved by adopting an efficient technology or production process.
2258:
Although increasing the efficiency of energy use is not energy development per se, it may be considered under the topic of energy development since it makes existing energy sources available to do work.
1004:
The countries most reliant on fossil fuels for electricity vary widely on how great a percentage of that electricity is generated from renewables, leaving wide variation in renewables' growth potential.
4639:
929:
where many of the risks associated with construction costs, operating performance, fuel price, and other factors were borne by consumers rather than suppliers. Many countries have now liberalized the
7291:
2069:
are placed over water. The oceans have a tremendous amount of energy and are close to many if not most concentrated populations. Ocean energy has the potential to provide a substantial amount of new
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523:
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910:
The economics of new nuclear power plants is a controversial subject, since there are diverging views on this topic, and multibillion-dollar investments ride on the choice of an energy source.
4954:
2182:" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges."
1258:
in 2010. By 2011, at times over 50% of electricity in Germany and Spain came from wind and solar power. As of 2011, 83 countries around the world are using wind power on a commercial basis.
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3701:
electrical power (or in some cases mechanical or thermal power) by using it to extract additional energy from a low quality source (such as seawater, lake water, the ground, the air, or
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12012:
6750:
1867:, accounting for 53% of all biodiesel production in 2010. As of 2011, mandates for blending biofuels exist in 31 countries at the national level and in 29 states or provinces. The
5649:
2286:
Reducing energy use may save consumers money, if the energy savings offsets the cost of an energy efficient technology. Reducing energy use reduces emissions. According to the
778:. U.S. nuclear industry officials expect five new reactors to enter service by 2020, all at existing plants. In 2013, four aging, uncompetitive, reactors were permanently closed.
1101:
14510:
5153:
12598:
2081:, which are above-market prices for MRE that allow investors and project developers a stable income. Other financial strategies consist of subsidies, grants, and funding from
10347:
6401:
4219:
3063:, it has been an underlying cause of political conflicts and wars. The gathering and use of energy resources can be harmful to local ecosystems and may have global outcomes.
7539:
5044:
2143:
pollution, or the electromagnetic field. The uncertainty of its environmental impact comes from the low quantity of MRE devices in the ocean today where data is collected.
8396:
7844:
7707:
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4111:
2435:, coal burning power plant, etc. A combination of sub-stations and transmission lines are used to maintain a constant flow of electricity. Grids may suffer from transient
918:
Analysis of the economics of nuclear power must take into account who bears the risks of future uncertainties. To date all operating nuclear power plants were developed by
7385:
5468:
7097:"What future for marine renewable energy in Portugal and Spain up to 2030? Forecasting plausible scenarios using general morphological analysis and clustering techniques"
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such as coal and gasoline store ancient energy derived from sunlight by organisms that later died, became buried and over time were then converted into these fuels. Even
5427:
5219:"Collectively, life cycle assessment literature shows that nuclear power is similar to other renewable and much lower than fossil fuel in total life cycle GHG emissions"
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2391:. Natural gas pipelines must maintain a certain minimum pressure to function correctly. The higher costs of ethanol transportation and storage are often prohibitive.
2022:
or marine power (also sometimes referred to as ocean energy, ocean power, or marine and hydrokinetic energy) refers to the energy carried by the mechanical energy of
12792:
7898:
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870:
leaked into the air, soil and sea, and with subsequent radiation checks leading to bans on some shipments of vegetables and fish – a global public support survey by
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produced from a variety of sources. A diverse energy supply will be less affected by the disruption in supply of any one source. He reasons that another feature of
9559:
9543:
8456:
Silvestre B. S., Dalcol P. R. T. (2009). "Geographical proximity and innovation: Evidences from the Campos Basin oil & gas industrial agglomeration — Brazil".
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557:. Picture taken in 1964 during a record setting voyage of 26,540 nmi (49,190 km) around the world in 65 days without refueling. Crew members are spelling out
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uranium to the sea in amounts comparable to the amount that would be extracted by this process, in a sense the sea-borne uranium becomes a sustainable resource.
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Santillan-Jimenez Eduardo (2015). "Continuous catalytic deoxygenation of model and algal lipids to fuel-like hydrocarbons over Ni–Al layered double hydroxide".
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or load that cannot safely be exceeded. When power requirements exceed what's available, failures are inevitable. To prevent problems, power is then rationed.
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said that "the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries'
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1920:, which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of
658:
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1616:, and solar water heating to harness the energy. Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with favorable
5085:
4944:
2314:
It's been discovered "that for OECD countries, wind, geothermal, hydro and nuclear have the lowest hazard rates among energy sources in production".
1608:
or active solar depending on how they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar techniques include the use of
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are also a concern of energy development. Extrapolations lack plausibility, particularly when they predict a continual increase in oil consumption.
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6802:
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4340:
2670:, all other energy sources are from current solar isolation or from fossil remains of plant and animal life that relied upon sunlight. Ultimately,
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risks for dependent countries. Oil dependence in particular has led to war, funding of radicals, monopolization, and socio-political instability.
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has a goal for biofuels to meet more than a quarter of world demand for transportation fuels by 2050 to reduce dependence on petroleum and coal.
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6295:
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3021:, that go into Earth's orbit or beyond, delivering them to those regions will require further energy development. Researchers have contemplated
4812:
4514:
2105:
However, while research is increasing, there have been concerns associated with threats to marine mammals, habitats, and potential changes to
1262:
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Nuclear power generation has been politically controversial in many countries for several decades but the electrical energy produced through
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forth. Basically there are two types of energy depending on the source s they are; 1.Renewable Energy Sources 2.Non-Renewable Energy Sources
2431:
from production source to end user, when the two may be hundreds of kilometres away. Sources include electrical generation plants such as a
4247:
2157:
The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by
13919:
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1985:
capacity is installed for district heating, space heating, spas, industrial processes, desalination and agricultural applications in 2010.
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in many countries. Germany decided to close all its reactors by 2022, and Italy has banned nuclear power. Following Fukushima, in 2011 the
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007): IPCC Fourth Assessment Report - Working Group I Report on "The Physical Science Basis".
1988:
Geothermal power is cost effective, reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly, but has historically been limited to areas near
1958:
upward since it is lighter than the surrounding rock. Rock and water is heated in the crust, sometimes up to 370 °C (700 °F).
5642:
4155:
Peaking of World Oil Production: Impacts, Mitigation, and Risk Management. Was at: www.pppl.gov/polImage.cfm?doc_Id=44&size_code=Doc
1238:. Several countries have achieved relatively high levels of wind power penetration, such as 21% of stationary electricity production in
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between 1965 and 1970 and that oil production will peak "within half a century" on the basis of 1956 data. In 1989, predicted peak by
12298:
5697:"The Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation ( ENEC ) provided a project update on the status of the UAE peaceful nuclear energy program"
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4127:
Energy Dependency, Politics and Corruption in the Former Soviet Union. By Margarita M. Balmaceda. Psychology Press, December 6, 2007.
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electric-powered. This, in turn, will require the modernization and expansion of the electrical power grid. As organizations such as
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may reach over 4000 °C (7,200 °F). The high temperature and pressure in Earth's interior cause some rock to melt and solid
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4458:"What is Nuclear Power Plant - How Nuclear Power Plants work | What is Nuclear Power Reactor - Types of Nuclear Power Reactors"
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7933:
World energy consumption outlook from the International Energy Outlook, published by the U.S. DOE Energy Information Administration
6393:
5859:
5218:
4227:
4165:
1074:
7404:"Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part II: Reliability, system and transmission costs, and policies"
6530:
5404:
5036:
4323:
14713:
12748:
12588:
12527:
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8573:
8497:
8490:
8483:
7950:
7841:
7715:
5666:
4108:
3237:(Lighting Technology), for Interior and Exterior Natural as well as Artificial Lighting Design, Installations, and Energy Savings
3006:(using sunlight to split water as a source of hydrogen and absorbing carbon dioxide to make fertilizer) efficiently than plants.
12668:
7338:
7306:
7195:
Newman, Sarah F.; Bhatnagar, Dhruv; O'Neil, Rebecca S.; Reiman, Andy P.; Preziuso, Danielle C.; Robertson, Bryson (2022-09-30).
6549:
6475:
4727:
3240:(Energy Cost/Benefit Analysis), for Simple Payback and Life Cycle Costing of Energy Efficiency/Conservation Measures Recommended
14587:
14411:
13292:
12493:
11103:
10531:
9868:
9717:
9704:
9193:
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FG Forrest; a. s.; fg {zavináč } fg {tečka} cz - Content Management System - Edee CMS; SYMBIO Digital, s. r. o. - Webdesign.
5821:
5614:
5606:
4907:
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is an alternative or complementary process to energy development. It reduces the demand for energy by using it efficiently.
2694:
relies on man-made fission of heavy radioactive elements in the Earth's crust; in both cases these elements were produced in
617:
207:, wood fuel, fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, and uranium. Secondary resources are those such as electricity,
7456:
5899:"The effect of renewable energy consumption on economic growth: Evidence from the renewable energy country attractive index"
3075:
As an interdisciplinary science Energy technology is linked with many interdisciplinary fields in sundry, overlapping ways.
758:, worldwide there were 68 civil nuclear power reactors under construction in 15 countries, approximately 28 of which in the
14718:
14386:
13960:
12544:
10043:
10000:
9941:
9936:
3868:
1890:
677:
265:
fuels, which are the remains of the decomposition of plants and animals. There are three main types of fossil fuels: coal,
8046:; Faunce, Thomas A. (2013-02-20). "Energy and environment policy case for a global project on artificial photosynthesis".
7471:
4146:: Social, Political, and Economic Consequences. Terry Lynn Karl. Stanford University. Stanford, California, United States.
2595:
in deep aquifers or bedrock. A wind-up clock stores potential energy (in this case mechanical, in the spring tension), a
13965:
13265:
12461:
12007:
11972:
9782:
9672:
9379:
7902:
7867:
3834:
3830:
2535:
171:
8376:
7631:"The Twin Pillars of Sustainable Energy: Synergies between Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technology and Policy"
15099:
14778:
14494:
13605:
13159:
12743:
10280:
10265:
6919:
6354:
6333:
4933:
cancer deaths included, nuclear power is safer when compared to many alternative energy sources' immediate, death rate.
3818:
2162:
1852:
976:
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859:
831:
707:
673:
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1014:
is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as
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13514:
13285:
11823:
11702:
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4710:
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4077:
Congressional Record, V. 153, PT. 2, January 18, 2007 to February 1, 2007 edited by U S Congress, Congress (U.S.). p
3850:
3388:
2085:. China alone approved 100 ocean projects in 2019. Portugal and Spain recognize the potential of MRE in accelerating
2038:. MRE has the potential to become a reliable and renewable energy source because of the cyclical nature of the oceans
1450:
883:
641:, although not every reactor is producing electricity. In addition, there are approximately 140 naval vessels using
17:
8328:
8015:
7991:
7975:
6724:
5696:
3708:
Thermal storage technologies allow heat or cold to be stored for periods of time ranging from hours or overnight to
2717:
in which he saw that the reserves of coal were being depleted and that oil was an ineffective replacement. In 1914,
15135:
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13786:
13053:
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11010:
10885:
9594:
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Global Citizen Reaction to the Fukushima Nuclear Plant Disaster (theme: environment / climate) Ipsos Global @dvisor
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4056:
Energy Security: Economics, Politics, Strategies, and Implications. Edited by Carlos Pascual, Jonathan Elkind. p210
1290:
1227:
6235:
4658:
4136:
1223:
in June 2014, and wind energy production was around 4% of total worldwide electricity usage, and growing rapidly.
959:. The first reactor, Barakah-1 is 85% completed and on schedule for grid-connection during 2017. Two of the four
620:
form a very small component of energy generation, mostly in specialized applications such as deep space vehicles.
14793:
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13519:
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Resilience in Energy: Building Infrastructure Today for Tomorrow's Automotive Fuel. Reform Institute. March 2009.
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3709:
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for ethanol production. Ethanol can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a
1404:
1266:
1235:
699:
7529:
6260:
5059:
4403:
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around the globe, world grain production increased by 250%. The energy for the Green Revolution was provided by
2616:
981:
661:. More than 60 years after the first attempts, commercial fusion power production remains unlikely before 2050.
15261:
15032:
14698:
14251:
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14096:
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5897:
Shahbaz, Muhammad; Raghutla, Chandrashekar; Chittedi, Krishna Reddy; Jiao, Zhilun; Vo, Xuan Vinh (2020-09-15).
5355:
4731:
2933:
Extrapolations from current knowledge to the future offer a choice of energy futures. Predictions parallel the
2690:
of the Earth's core is the result of the decay of radioactive materials present beneath the Earth's crust, and
2082:
5620:
14469:
14366:
14356:
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31:
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12549:
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9982:
9905:
9873:
9792:
9682:
9662:
9652:
9569:
9500:
8860:
7403:
6573:
5245:"CO2 emissions of nuclear power and renewable energies: a statistical analysis of European and global data"
5107:
4787:
2467:
2327:
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allows a building to use less heating and cooling energy to maintain a comfortable temperature. Installing
1810:
1078:
960:
8522:
6817:
5835:
5081:
2262:
Efficient energy use reduces the amount of energy required to provide products and services. For example,
1851:
and is the most common biofuel in Europe. However, research is underway on producing renewable fuels from
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form. This new biomass can be used for biofuels. Biofuels have increased in popularity because of rising
1627:
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1208:
956:
847:
786:
693:
591:
550:
381:
282:
6193:
898:
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9843:
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9802:
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9747:
9737:
9677:
9627:
9622:
9551:
8302:
6973:"Energy justice & coastal communities: The case for Meaningful Marine Renewable Energy Development"
6577:
5544:
4428:
4382:
3657:
Bioenergy deals with the gathering, processing and use of biomasses grown in biological manufacturing,
3257:
2730:
2656:
2295:
2291:
2279:
1621:
1212:
711:
584:
467:
7561:
6972:
6054:
6016:"Welfare gains from international trade and renewable energy demand: Evidence from the OECD countries"
6015:
5976:
5937:
5898:
4869:
4588:
4461:
2579:). Some technologies provide only short-term energy storage, and others can be very long-term such as
15215:
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14489:
14293:
13730:
13715:
13448:
13332:
13241:
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9977:
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3003:
2721:
stated that the total production was 5.7 billion barrels (910,000,000 m). In 1956, Geophysicist
2604:
2564:
2217:
2110:
shelter from humans and predators for some marine species. MRE devices can be an ideal home for many
1989:
1643:
1427:
948:
813:
805:
669:
627:
368:, meaning the efficiency of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier
347:
232:
155:
147:
9722:
6948:
4808:
4728:"Investigation: Revelations about Three Mile Island disaster raise doubts over nuclear plant safety"
3457:, along with the processing of nuclear fuel and disposal of radioactive waste, drawing from applied
2228:
can cope, just as it routinely backs up nonworking coal-fired and nuclear plants with working ones.
396:, and passenger-specific efficiency (vehicle efficiency) per passenger. The inefficient atmospheric
13720:
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13433:
13418:
13392:
13308:
13171:
13013:
12913:
12825:
12034:
11920:
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11692:
11323:
10925:
10845:
10792:
10727:
10434:
10036:
9604:
9254:
8598:
8352:
7339:"Stabilization Wedges: Solving the Climate Problem for the Next 50 Years with Current Technologies"
3045:
3018:
2511:
2425:
2275:
2245:
1613:
1055:
800:(GHG) emissions per unit of energy generated. Since the 1970s, nuclear fuel has displaced about 64
638:
416:
228:
6153:
1981:(MW) of geothermal power is online in 24 countries in 2012. An additional 28 gigawatts of direct
1634:
through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible, and mostly import-independent resource, enhance
15266:
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14197:
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10990:
10960:
10955:
10815:
10561:
10556:
10493:
10010:
9476:
9414:
9399:
8795:
8775:
7259:"Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy: the 2020 State of the Science Report | Tethys"
4879:
4244:
3940:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3794:
3772:
3022:
2956:
2733:
In 2004, OPEC estimated, with substantial investments, it would nearly double oil output by 2025
2490:
2384:
2338:
1542:
1538:
1335:
951:
and four are at the largest nuclear station construction project in the world as of 2016, in the
825:
562:
545:
530:
274:
236:
13001:
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to perform useful operation at a later time. A device that stores energy is sometimes called an
1069:
While many renewable energy projects are large-scale, renewable technologies are also suited to
127:
reduce the demand for energy development, and can have benefits to society with improvements to
14743:
14484:
14174:
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13861:
13836:
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10855:
10850:
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10827:
10685:
10635:
10429:
10424:
10188:
8927:
8823:
8750:
8740:
8621:
8559:
8536:- International Energy Agency - Technology Collaboration Programme on Heatpumping Technologies.
8278:
7742:
6943:
4078:
3826:
3822:
3693:
3122:
2934:
2891:
2756:
2710:
2248:, which has been popular among North American consumers since its introduction in the mid-1990s
2152:
2047:
1974:
1814:
1473:
1243:
1039:
771:
537:
8448:
8142:
6415:
5811:
5082:"Worldwide First Reactor to Start Up in 2013, in China - World Nuclear Industry Status Report"
4045:
1159:
874:(2011) for energy sources was published and nuclear fission was found to be the least popular
15120:
14562:
14545:
14479:
14241:
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14061:
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13876:
13828:
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6014:
Lu, Zhou; Gozgor, Giray; Mahalik, Mantu Kumar; Padhan, Hemachandra; Yan, Cheng (2022-08-01).
4647:
4066:
3928:
3738:
3480:
technologies will one day replace most fission reactors but this is still a research area of
3416:
3354:
3281:
3219:
3112:
2903:
2706:
2596:
1835:. Biodiesel can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a
1286:
1282:
1255:
1251:
1239:
1216:
1182:
843:
835:
790:
689:
309:
293:
9512:
8075:
7739:"Oak Ridge National Laboratory — Biomass, Solving the science is only part of the challenge"
4169:
649:
from sustained nuclear fusion reactions, excluding natural fusion power sources such as the
15017:
14687:
14449:
14331:
14157:
14130:
14113:
14039:
13871:
13760:
13690:
13680:
13617:
13553:
13367:
13337:
13113:
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12873:
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11015:
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10915:
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9266:
9173:
9106:
8855:
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8730:
8386:, IDEA/CDEA District Energy/CHP 2011 Conference, Toronto, pp. 1–30, retrieved 21 April 2013
8238:
Greening the Wind : Environmental and Social Considerations for Wind Power Development
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7353:
6776:
6699:
5975:Østergaard, Poul Alberg; Duic, Neven; Noorollahi, Younes; Kalogirou, Soteris (2020-12-01).
5377:
5305:
5256:
5130:
4991:
4065:
Geothermal Energy Resources for Developing Countries. By D. Chandrasekharam, J. Bundschuh.
3640:
3558:
even if the climate changes in line with current predictions, as it relies solely on wind.
3396:
3265:
2813:
2545:
2253:
2179:
2035:
1947:
1771:
1589:
952:
665:
646:
124:
8530:- International Energy Agency - Energy Conservation through Energy Conservation programme.
7071:
4272:
3729:
pits that are insulated on top. Some types of storage are capable of storing heat or cold
762:(PRC), with the most recent nuclear power reactor, as of May 2013, to be connected to the
8:
15165:
15110:
15037:
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14738:
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11659:
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10787:
10701:
10695:
10650:
10467:
10419:
10377:
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10178:
10130:
10088:
10029:
9394:
9337:
9259:
9232:
8917:
8780:
8755:
7728:
Fuel Cell Materials Technology in Vehicular Propulsion: Report. National Academies, 1983.
5575:
5205:
4930:
4302:
3392:
3285:
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2938:
2927:
2785:
2773:
2726:
2523:
2322:
2263:
2062:
1917:
1848:
1798:, derived from non-food sources, such as trees and grasses, is also being developed as a
1767:
1660:
1609:
1593:
1358:
1274:
1270:
1247:
1231:
986:
911:
623:
355:
320:
128:
120:
7487:
7357:
7196:
6780:
5309:
5260:
5222:
4995:
1176:
630:, provided about 5.7% of the world's energy and 13% of the world's electricity in 2012.
15012:
14434:
14044:
13944:
13802:
13545:
13534:
13498:
13453:
13423:
13192:
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12503:
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12123:
12107:
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11522:
11469:
11198:
10782:
10690:
10203:
9374:
9342:
9178:
8469:
7689:
7507:
7377:
6527:
5400:
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4851:
4631:
4320:
3898:
3804:
3446:
3131:
2750:
2417:
2372:
2355:
1982:
1597:
930:
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703:
681:
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587:
365:
278:
143:
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Marques Lameirinhas, Ricardo A.; N Torres, João Paulo; de Melo Cunha, João P. (2022).
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4977:"A Comparative Analysis of Accident Risks in Fossil, Hydro, and Nuclear Energy Chains"
4839:
15160:
14288:
14263:
14066:
14051:
13610:
13487:
12260:
12053:
11940:
11915:
11853:
11810:
11654:
11649:
11644:
11487:
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11124:
10750:
10486:
10455:
10110:
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9483:
9276:
9101:
8962:
8922:
8892:
8877:
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8760:
8663:
8603:
8593:
8258:
8115:
8081:
7693:
7511:
7499:
7446:
7369:
7334:
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7216:
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6994:
6915:
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6614:
6556:
6508:
6472:
6313:
6074:
6035:
5996:
5957:
5936:
Akbas, Beste; Kocaman, Ayse Selin; Nock, Destenie; Trotter, Philipp A. (2022-03-01).
5918:
5879:
5610:
5333:
5274:
5011:
4843:
4735:
4706:
4532:
3902:
3876:
3612:
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3462:
3422:
3412:
3261:
3145:
3035:
2913:
2799:
2452:
2271:
2175:
2171:
1955:
1943:
1913:
1880:
1035:
812:, that would have otherwise resulted from the burning of oil, coal or natural gas in
471:
401:
335:
5206:
April 20, 2016 Volume 55, Issue 15 Pages 4101-4362 In this issue:Uranium in Seawater
4855:
3545:
convert wind energy into electricity by connecting a spinning rotor to a generator.
2065:
is not a form of marine energy, as wind power is derived from the wind, even if the
1904:
generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the
888:
392:
consumed. Weight-specific efficiency (efficiency per unit weight) may be stated for
223:
14987:
14708:
14311:
14229:
14147:
13985:
13866:
13705:
13659:
13626:
13600:
13574:
13524:
13508:
13362:
13357:
13327:
13108:
12163:
12128:
11885:
11875:
11763:
11751:
11592:
11587:
11577:
11567:
11562:
11365:
10745:
10582:
10299:
9435:
9409:
9404:
9384:
9369:
9210:
9200:
8980:
8907:
8643:
8523:
Hidden Health and Environmental Costs Of Energy Production and Consumption In U.S.
8465:
8250:
8242:
8055:
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7020:
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6066:
6027:
5988:
5949:
5910:
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4696:
4614:
3733:(particularly if very large), and some storage applications require inclusion of a
3697:
3604:
3510:
3493:
3325:
deals with the fundamental laws of energy conversion and is drawn from theoretical
3305:
3301:
3207:
3173:
2971:
2947:
2832:
2764:
2679:
2612:
2600:
2552:
2303:
2267:
2225:
2185:
2070:
2001:
1951:
1809:
to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions. Bioethanol is widely used in the
1716:
1601:
1566:
1381:
1120:
1108:
1097:
1011:
926:
923:
863:
850:
halved its estimate of additional nuclear generating capacity to be built by 2035.
809:
735:
685:
554:
208:
159:
151:
104:
13469:
7054:
5813:
5812:
Data: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, and Ember Climate (3 November 2021).
2631:(which is made by the same process as fossil fuels) is a form of energy stored in
400:(burning) of fossil fuels in vehicles, buildings, and power plants contributes to
346:
consumes the most accessible fuel deposits. Extraction of fossil fuels results in
15220:
15210:
14952:
14703:
14592:
14518:
14321:
14316:
14246:
14214:
14125:
13841:
13725:
13700:
13568:
13558:
13006:
12966:
12420:
12234:
12158:
12133:
11979:
11772:
11674:
11664:
11629:
11507:
11497:
10409:
10404:
10362:
9464:
9445:
9359:
9126:
9041:
8897:
8887:
8872:
8830:
8735:
8685:
8636:
8405:
8383:
8234:
8043:
8019:
7979:
7954:
7874:
7851:
7848:
7829:
7825:
7598:
7432:
6897:
6754:
6678:
6534:
6479:
6379:
6361:
6200:
6160:
5992:
5914:
5875:
5493:
4794:
4700:
4683:
4665:
4654:
4643:
4327:
4309:
4251:
4143:
4115:
3481:
3473:
3458:
3454:
3297:
3087:
2808:
2722:
2691:
2556:
2432:
2411:
2403:
2376:
2213:
2139:
2135:
2099:
2090:
2086:
1909:
1840:
1757:
1735:
conversion (biomass refers to recently living organisms, most often referring to
1720:
1712:
1631:
1526:
1043:
763:
616:. Fission of uranium produces nearly all economically significant nuclear power.
605:
558:
459:
439:
377:
361:
339:
181:
177:
139:
80:
55:
Please help update this to reflect recent events or newly available information.
12498:
10592:
7113:
6934:
Fridleifsson, Ingvar (2001). "Geothermal energy for the benefit of the people".
6070:
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Bridge, Gavin; Bouzarovski, Stefan; Bradshaw, Michael; Eyre, Nick (2013-02-01).
6031:
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3959:
158:, comprising alternative and sustainable manufacture, distribution, and sale of
72:
15057:
14977:
14967:
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14341:
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8700:
8690:
8626:
8425:
7617:
7040:
Unlocking the potential of marine energy using hydrogen generation technologies
6989:
5953:
5731:
3985:
3586:
3529:
3322:
3317:
3277:
3269:
3231:
3213:
3083:
3053:
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2760:
2709:, the question of the future of energy supplies has been of interest. In 1865,
2683:
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2572:
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2463:
2436:
2428:
2368:
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While new sources of energy are only rarely discovered or made possible by new
2158:
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300:
12981:
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7024:
5977:"Latest progress in Sustainable Development using renewable energy technology"
5003:
1885:
1301:
730:
has caused a greater number of fatalities per unit of energy generated due to
15303:
15125:
15082:
15047:
14676:
14557:
14530:
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13387:
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8720:
8673:
8653:
7947:
7220:
7132:
7080:
6998:
6767:
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6618:
6078:
6039:
6000:
5961:
5922:
5883:
5634:
5278:
4809:"Deadliest radiation accidents and other events causing radiation casualties"
3814:
3758:
3717:
3713:
3636:
3450:
3439:
3408:
3384:
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3104:
3048:, and economical extraction, conversion, transportation, storage, and use of
2960:
2790:
2769:
2459:
2444:
2131:
2106:
2013:
1970:
1828:
1806:
1605:
1047:
902:
Low global public support for nuclear fission in the aftermath of Fukushima (
867:
731:
601:
502:
185:
108:
8420:
Armstrong, Robert C., Catherine Wolfram, Robert Gross, Nathan S. Lewis, and
7675:
7495:
7365:
7212:
7146:
7012:
5328:
5037:"Two years on, America hasn't learned lessons of Fukushima nuclear disaster"
3581:
3253:
High-voltage lines for the long distance transportation of electrical energy
2741:
2599:
stores readily convertible chemical energy to operate a mobile phone, and a
1847:
from diesel-powered vehicles. Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using
315:
15185:
15115:
15007:
14997:
14992:
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14371:
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13750:
13669:
13277:
12712:
11848:
11790:
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11669:
11539:
11339:
11302:
11178:
11170:
11108:
10655:
10540:
10394:
10155:
10093:
9244:
9188:
9138:
9121:
8942:
8715:
8648:
8519:- a wiki about renewable energies in the context of development cooperation
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7762:"Oil Price Leap in the Early Nineties," Noroil, December 1989, pages 35–38.
7503:
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Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
6449:"Drilling Down: What Projects Made 2008 Such a Banner Year for Wind Power?"
6055:"Geographies of energy transition: Space, place and the low-carbon economy"
5728:"China Builds Nuclear Reactor for 40% Less Than Cost in France, Areva Says"
5420:"Fukushima Retiree Leads Anti-Nuclear Shareholders at Tepco Annual Meeting"
5337:
4847:
4563:. Information Services, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Archived from
3890:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3525:
3503:
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2885:
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2334:
2240:
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1562:
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1297:
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and France) are significantly behind schedule and substantially over cost.
919:
789:
method of producing electricity, with an analysis of the literature on its
487:
463:
447:
351:
324:
292:
The use of fossil fuels in the 18th and 19th century set the stage for the
286:
7307:"Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation"
6971:
Caballero, Mariah D.; Gunda, Thushara; McDonald, Yolanda J. (2023-09-01).
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Markandya, A.; Wilkinson, P. (2007). "Electricity generation and health".
3498:
3337:
2399:
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into the atmosphere. The fossil fuels are mainly carbon compounds. During
190:
15155:
15077:
15027:
14848:
14818:
14763:
14753:
14439:
14118:
14101:
14019:
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11344:
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10613:
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10235:
9249:
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9079:
9022:
9005:
8990:
8937:
8835:
8421:
8012:
7999:
7965:
6788:
6609:
6592:
5814:"Electricity consumption from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables, 2020"
5704:
4245:"Fossil-Fuel Subsidies Hurting Global Environment, Security, Study Finds"
3914:
3894:
3666:
3658:
3608:
3380:
3370:
3293:
3273:
3249:
3179:
3165:
3135:
3127:
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2991:
2983:
2975:
2866:
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2671:
2667:
2624:
2568:
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2134:
because they feed on those species. Similarly, such areas may create an "
2061:, i.e. obtained from the kinetic energy of large bodies of moving water.
2058:
1966:
1962:
1905:
1844:
1836:
1585:
1581:
1532:
1143:
1027:
723:
613:
415:
by an estimated $ 500 billion a year. Fossil fuels are also a source of
412:
328:
270:
262:
244:
204:
112:
8545:
8153:
Climate Change: The Science, Impacts and Solutions. Edited by A. Pittock
7434:
Electricity from Renewable Resources: Status, Prospects, and Impediments
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6631:
4564:
15205:
15072:
15062:
14828:
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14572:
12476:
11286:
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11188:
11183:
10805:
10717:
10645:
10399:
10230:
10060:
10052:
9283:
9205:
9143:
9111:
9051:
8745:
8533:
8485:
Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects
8059:
8037:
6650:
6633:
6493:"CEZ Group - The Largest Wind Farm in Europe Goes Into Trial Operation"
3799:
3734:
3702:
3689:
3678:
3598:
3537:
3362:
3358:
3289:
3201:
3116:
3100:
2995:
2987:
2817:
2540:
Energy storage is accomplished by devices or physical media that store
2479:
2471:
2448:
2197:
2189:
2054:
2023:
1832:
1763:
1753:
1728:
1698:
1203:, which creates electricity. Wind towers are usually built together on
1192:
1124:
1112:
1051:
1038:. Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four distinct areas:
1031:
727:
577:
498:
431:
397:
389:
200:
116:
8254:
8141:
Propulsion Techniques: Action and Reaction edited by Peter J. Turchi.
6194:
Global wind energy markets continue to boom – 2006 another record year
6133:
5318:
5293:
5177:"Uranium Seawater Extraction Makes Nuclear Power Completely Renewable"
3342:
2623:
in the form of latent heat) at night to meet peak demand for cooling.
2470:
provides a realtime overview of the electricity supply and demand for
637:
report that there are 437 operational nuclear power reactors, in
312:. Fossil fuels are currently economical for decentralized energy use.
15200:
14931:
14878:
14823:
14813:
14723:
14671:
14607:
14602:
14597:
14577:
14258:
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13813:
13771:
13755:
13478:
13118:
12481:
12471:
11599:
11552:
11517:
11438:
11193:
10740:
10240:
10122:
9293:
9220:
9094:
9074:
9046:
8985:
7235:"Ocean energy: An important ally in the fight against climate change"
6264:
5640:
4629:
In February 2010 the nuclear power debate played out on the pages of
4407:
3910:
3906:
3681:
can be had from these technologies and used to generate electricity.
3652:
3628:
3624:
3466:
3374:
3350:
3197:
3141:
3092:
2695:
2608:
2364:
2342:
1978:
1824:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1677:
1639:
1204:
719:
427:
266:
12976:
10604:
8542:- International Energy Agency - Solar Heating and Cooling programme.
8235:
Ledec, George C.; Rapp, Kennan W.; Aiello, Roberto G. (2011-12-01).
4610:
3766:
2643:
2042:
The movement of water in the world's oceans creates a vast store of
1946:
and continual heat loss from Earth's formation. Temperatures at the
1912:
originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from
645:
in operation, powered by some 180 reactors. As of 2013, attaining a
15195:
15175:
15170:
15150:
15145:
14921:
14911:
14833:
14768:
14540:
14268:
14224:
14219:
14083:
13207:
12850:
12845:
12785:
12454:
12382:
12365:
12350:
12325:
12068:
11557:
10306:
10105:
9029:
9010:
8995:
8695:
8236:
7442:
7197:"Evaluating the resilience benefits of marine energy in microgrids"
6821:
5600:
4035:
International Energy Agency: Key World Energy Statistics 2007. S. 6
3674:
3662:
3434:
3169:
3108:
3060:
2999:
2952:
2942:
2632:
2584:
2576:
2388:
2380:
2274:
reduces the amount of energy required for illumination compared to
2123:
2119:
2115:
2031:
1821:
portion of plant raw materials to fuel components by fermentation.
1803:
1569:
1321:
1294:
1220:
1128:
1094:
1015:
944:
796:
finding that it is similar to renewable sources in a comparison of
408:
248:
103:
from natural resources. These activities include the production of
6766:
6593:"Solar energy technology and its roles in sustainable development"
5443:"Japan anti-nuclear protesters rally after PM call to close plant"
4198:
4089:
India s Energy Security. Edited by Ligia Noronha, Anant Sudarshan.
3737:. Latent heat is typically stored in ice tanks or what are called
3387:
through sundry mechanical, thermal and chemical cleaning methods.
947:
presently under construction worldwide, two are in S.Korea at the
14863:
14853:
14733:
14728:
14643:
13579:
13176:
13128:
12991:
12971:
12370:
12345:
11785:
11616:
11604:
11582:
11547:
10316:
10293:
10288:
9163:
8705:
8512:
Bureau of Land Management 2012 Renewable Energy Priority Projects
7893:
6890:
6178:
5974:
4949:
4623:
3752:
3670:
3632:
3590:
3326:
3304:
over networks have meaningful sway on overall energy efficiency.
3079:
3041:
2848:
2588:
2127:
2094:
1894:
1732:
1656:
964:
801:
491:
483:
475:
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10450:
8455:
7401:
5487:
Ipsos MORI: Poll: Strong global opposition towards nuclear power
4908:"How Deadly is Your Kilowatt? We Rank the Killer Energy Sources"
4321:
How much electricity does a typical nuclear power plant generate
3403:
technology deals with the design, construction and operation of
1687:
384:
is the energy efficiency of a particular vehicle, is given as a
15180:
15067:
15052:
15042:
15002:
14916:
12780:
12775:
12755:
12735:
12720:
12603:
12340:
12320:
12288:
10509:
10331:
10326:
10311:
10198:
8710:
8631:
8582:
8040:
7194:
5356:"IAEA Head Sees Wide Support for Stricter Nuclear Plant Safety"
4912:
4404:"World Nuclear Power Reactors 2007-08 and Uranium Requirements"
4010:
3696:
are classes of technologies that can enable the utilization of
3620:
3411:(also used in nuclear power generation, see below), drawn from
3400:
3366:
3227:
3151:
3049:
2541:
2451:
can interfere with transmissions. Grids also have a predefined
2077:
commercialize. Canada and China introduced incentives, such as
1818:
1783:
1745:
1736:
1724:
1200:
775:
100:
4677:
U.S. Energy Legislation May Be 'Renaissance' for Nuclear Power
3222:, for studying the effect of energy use and production on the
2816:
have pointed out, advancements associated with the developing
2371:, or road. Petroleum and natural gas may also be delivered by
14962:
14936:
14906:
14868:
14808:
14803:
14798:
13197:
13154:
12817:
12673:
12466:
12330:
10021:
9542:
8279:"How Geothermal Energy Works | Union of Concerned Scientists"
7664:
The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
6291:
6165:
6052:
5417:
4586:
3549:
draw energy from atmospheric currents and are designed using
3404:
3193:
2687:
2515:
2506:
2475:
1787:
1779:
1741:
1670:
1070:
903:
871:
385:
8516:
7055:"The current state on China's marine energy industry policy"
5938:"Rural electrification: An overview of optimization methods"
5782:"Renewable Energy Market Update / Outlook for 2021 and 2022"
5767:. International Energy Agency (IEA). June 2023. p. 19.
4378:
4044:
Energy Security and Climate Policy: Assessing Interactions.
3521:
3059:
For people, energy is an overwhelming need, and as a scarce
3052:, targeted towards yielding high efficiency whilst skirting
2895:
Increasing share of energy consumption by developing nations
2820:
would facilitate the ability of the grid to absorb vehicles
15190:
15130:
14883:
14361:
12678:
12567:
12377:
12335:
9084:
9017:
9000:
8668:
8527:
7534:
5896:
5836:"Modern renewables – SDG7: Data and Projections – Analysis"
5398:
3855:
Energy Industry Liberalization and Privatization (Thailand)
3183:
3096:
2857:
2648:
2628:
2360:
2111:
2027:
1921:
1817:. Current plant design does not provide for converting the
1708:
1604:, and its technologies are broadly characterized as either
1573:
1293:. The two largest offshore wind farm are currently the 630
1023:
1019:
755:
715:
609:
479:
443:
369:
258:
99:
is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of
8539:
7093:
6860:
Sources, Luebeck, Germany, pp. 59–80, retrieved 2009-04-06
5758:"Renewable Energy Market Update Outlook for 2023 and 2024"
5353:
1973:
since ancient Roman times, but it is now better known for
1620:
or light-dispersing properties, and designing spaces that
289:
and allow solar energy stored in the fuel to be released.
15022:
14888:
14661:
12651:
12515:
10577:
8551:
7430:
6664:
6154:
Renewables 2011 Global Status Report, page 25, Hydropower
5820:. Our World in Data consolidated data from BP and Ember.
4811:. Database of Radiological Incidents and Related Events.
3616:
2675:
2093:. Both countries are focusing on solar and offshore wind
1749:
1577:
819:
650:
454:. Other emissions from fossil fuel power station include
5725:
5020:
cancer deaths, such as cancer with other energy sources
4118:- American Security Project. americansecurityproject.org
2208:
Critics of the "100% renewable energy" approach include
1580:
that is harnessed using a range of technologies such as
1195:
harnesses the power of the wind to propel the blades of
746:
cancer deaths, such as cancer with other energy sources
529:
American nuclear powered ships,(top to bottom) cruisers
14651:
6871:
Geothermal Energy: Renewable Energy and the Environment
5935:
5108:"U.S. approves first new nuclear plant in a generation"
4406:. World Nuclear Association. 2008-06-09. Archived from
2050:
electricity to power homes, transport, and industries.
450:. The carbon dioxide is the main contributor to recent
426:
The combustion of fossil fuels leads to the release of
8492:
Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning and Policy
8111:
Yearbook on Space Policy 2008/2009: Setting New Trends
7059:
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
6970:
6836:"Geothermal capacity | About BP | BP Global"
4330:? - FAQ - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
3476:
is of worldwide importance. There are high hopes that
2443:, often due to weather damage. During certain extreme
7530:"What It Would Really Take to Reverse Climate Change"
6013:
5726:
Patel, Tara; Francois de Beaupuy (24 November 2010).
2836:
Outlook—World Energy Consumption by Fuel (as of 2011)
2046:
or energy in motion. This energy can be harnessed to
985:
Renewable energy capacity has steadily grown, led by
299:
Fossil fuels make up the bulk of the world's current
15252:
International Association of Oil & Gas Producers
6544:
6542:
6127:
5791:. International Energy Agency. May 2021. p. 8.
4273:"Environmental impacts of coal power: air pollution"
3881:
Timeline of sustainable energy research 2020–present
3748:
2951:. Modeling approaches offer ways to analyze diverse
1965:, geothermal energy has been used for bathing since
8548:- Solar District Heating Platform. (European Union)
8441:
Renewable Energy for a Clean and Sustainable Future
7792:"Energy independence and security: A reality check"
7587:
Obstacles to Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
7333:
6555:. International Energy Agency. 2011. Archived from
4862:
4545:
As of 2001, about 235 naval reactors had been built
2165:has grown much faster than anyone anticipated. The
2161:and other ecological as well as economic concerns.
2089:, which is fundamental to meeting the goals of the
12201:Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future
8073:
6334:"This page has been removed - News - The Guardian"
5543:
5462:
5460:
5370:
5291:
5060:"Report Finds Japan Underestimated Tsunami Danger"
4945:"Nuclear power 'cheaper, safer' than coal and gas"
4825:
3716:(i.e. by changing the temperature of a medium) or
6539:
6172:
6130:"Use and Capacity of Global Hydropower Increases"
5805:
5536:"Nuclear: New dawn now seems limited to the east"
5034:
5028:
4942:
4819:
4483:"Nuclear-Powered Ships | Nuclear Submarines"
3349:Thermal and chemical energy are intertwined with
3264:, which can entail the study of machines such as
692:contend that nuclear power poses many threats to
15301:
7819:Brittle Power: Energy Plan for National Security
6696:"Biofuels Make a Comeback Despite Tough Economy"
6690:
6688:
6625:
5418:Tomoko Yamazaki; Shunichi Ozasa (27 June 2011).
5399:European Environment Agency (January 23, 2013).
4806:
4695:
4587:Union-Tribune Editorial Board (March 27, 2011).
3603:Hydropower draws mechanical energy from rivers,
2593:storage of heat or cold between opposing seasons
1954:to behave plastically, resulting in portions of
1908:of matter. The geothermal energy of the Earth's
8107:
8067:
7966:Mandil, C. (2008) "Our energy for the future".
5667:"UAE's fourth power reactor under construction"
5457:
2998:. The peaking of world hydrocarbon production (
1119:hydroelectricity plants larger than 10 GW: the
8452:, UIC Nuclear Issues Briefing Paper 57 (2004).
6591:Maka, Ali O M; Alabid, Jamal M (1 June 2022).
6550:"Solar Energy Perspectives: Executive Summary"
5860:"Renewable energy for sustainable development"
5641:Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2011).
5354:Sylvia Westall; Fredrik Dahl (June 24, 2011).
5349:
5347:
5057:
5051:
4974:
3332:
2235:
1711:that contains energy from geologically recent
834:, which occurred in a reactor design from the
165:
13787:
13293:
12904:Small sealed transportable autonomous (SSTAR)
11454:
10525:
10037:
9528:
8567:
7298:
7171:"Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (RESS)"
6685:
5560:
5105:
4788:Strengthening the Safety of Radiation Sources
4670:
4234:
2458:Industrialised countries such as Canada, the
2367:and their derivatives are delivered by boat,
1996:if widely deployed in place of fossil fuels.
13307:
8101:
7618:https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050
7604:Greenhouse Solutions with Sustainable Energy
7469:
7437:. National Academies of Science. p. 4.
6933:
6801:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6725:"Technology Roadmap, Biofuels for Transport"
6513:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6394:"Suzlon creates country's largest wind park"
6286:
6284:
6282:
5151:
5084:. Worldnuclearreport.org. 18 February 2013.
4968:
4800:
2824:connecting to it to charge their batteries.
2232:below the fossil fuel projections for 2050.
1924:from the core to the surface. The adjective
7562:"Philips Tornado Asian Compact Fluorescent"
7402:Mark A. Delucchi; Mark Z. Jacobson (2011).
6443:
6441:
6391:
6355:Spain Renewable Energy and High Penetration
6318:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
5527:
5510:
5506:
5504:
5502:
5344:
5128:
5122:
4754:
4752:
4620:, Vol. 52, No. 4 (Dec., 1977), pp. 467-468.
4373:
4371:
3216:, for energy-saving transportation systems.
3070:
2485:
2341:technology continually evolves. The use of
1839:additive to reduce levels of particulates,
653:, remains an ongoing area of international
13794:
13780:
13300:
13286:
11461:
11447:
10532:
10518:
10044:
10030:
9535:
9521:
8574:
8560:
7395:
6590:
6179:The World Wind Energy Association (2014).
6147:
5749:
5574:. NERA Economic Consulting. Archived from
5566:
5440:
5236:
4936:
4220:"Has the World Already Passed "Peak Oil"?"
3130:, often for fluid energy machines such as
2216:. Smil and Hansen are concerned about the
770:in the PRC. In the United States, two new
590:on a joint scientific expedition with the
142:. The conventional industry comprises the
9544:Renewable energy by country and territory
8013:Peak Oil: the threat to our food security
7771:Opec Oil Outlook to 2025 Table 4, Page 12
7683:
7616:IEA (2021), Net Zero by 2050, IEA, Paris
7281:
7122:
7112:
7070:
6988:
6947:
6649:
6608:
6528:AWEA: U.S. Wind Energy Projects – Indiana
6385:
6279:
6123:
6121:
6119:
5533:
5327:
5317:
5268:
4603:
4168:. Rigzone.com. 2006-04-13. Archived from
3960:"2023 Statistical Review of World Energy"
3244:
2955:, and hopefully find a road to rapid and
2349:
2167:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
866:, that displaced 50,000 households after
13393:Environmentally healthy community design
12816:
7899:"An Electric Plan for Energy Resilience"
6977:Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
6936:Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
6438:
6366:
5942:Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
5593:
5499:
4749:
4543:Naval Nuclear Propulsion, Magdi Ragheb.
4368:
3684:
3580:
3520:
3497:
3433:
3336:
3248:
3056:on humans, nature, and the environment.
2890:
2831:
2740:
2642:
2505:
2398:
2394:
2321:
2239:
2146:
2053:The term marine energy encompasses both
1884:
1088:
980:
897:
887:
314:
222:
189:
138:Thousands of people are employed in the
87:
79:
71:
14714:China National Offshore Oil Corporation
7463:
7327:
7284:"100 Percent Renewable Vision Building"
7042:. National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
7037:
6909:
6741:
6473:AWEA: U.S. Wind Energy Projects – Texas
6296:"Renewables 2011: Global Status Report"
6215:
6213:
6211:
6209:
6093:"Renewables 2016: Global Status Report"
5145:
4807:Johnston, Robert (September 23, 2007).
4719:
4611:Review of The Nuclear Power Controversy
4599:from the original on November 19, 2011.
4549:
3383:purification technology aims to lessen
3044:having to do with the efficient, safe,
2793:: Energy Strategy for National Security
2725:deduces that U.S. oil production would
2698:explosions before the formation of the
1199:. These turbines cause the rotation of
1127:across the Brazil/Paraguay border, and
115:derived sources of energy, and for the
27:Methods bringing energy into production
14:
15302:
14588:Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir
14347:2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war
13801:
12831:Liquid-fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR)
11468:
11104:Financial incentives for photovoltaics
9194:Integrated gasification combined cycle
7897:and Robert Burgelman (December 2008).
7712:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7657:"Evaluating renewable energy policies"
6757:. Ucsusa.org. Retrieved on 2013-04-24.
6468:
6466:
6116:
5677:from the original on 16 September 2017
5643:"The Future of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle"
5242:
5221:. Nrel.gov. 2013-01-24. Archived from
5164:from the original on January 26, 2017.
5070:from the original on February 5, 2017.
4872:Sustainable Energy without the hot air
4815:from the original on October 23, 2007.
4537:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4303:There Is No Such Thing as "Clean Coal"
3506:) panels at a military base in the US.
2647:Energy generators past and present at
820:Nuclear power phase-out and pull-backs
680:contend that nuclear power is a safe,
618:Radioisotope thermoelectric generators
13775:
13281:
13073:
12836:Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE)
12245:
12232:
11442:
10513:
10025:
9516:
9238:Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
8913:Quantum chromodynamics binding energy
8555:
8499:International Journal of Green Energy
7542:from the original on 24 November 2016
7275:
6853:
6290:
6169:, published 2011, accessed 2011-11-7.
6128:Worldwatch Institute (January 2012).
5824:from the original on 3 November 2021.
5738:from the original on 28 November 2010
5719:
5607:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
5466:
5047:from the original on 2 February 2017.
4888:from the original on 2 September 2012
4429:"Japan approves two reactor restarts"
4195:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
3677:(both controversial) or hydrogen for
3627:and manage coastal resources through
3260:deals with the production and use of
3148:energy and exploration for resources.
3013:'s economic activity and the related
2827:
2784:Some observers contend that idea of "
2057:, i.e. power from surface waves, and
1503:These paragraphs are an excerpt from
766:, occurring on February 17, 2013, in
285:. These fossil fuels are part of the
14719:China National Petroleum Corporation
13260:
12233:
11421:
10474:
9471:
7901:. McKinsey Quarterly. Archived from
7654:
7424:
7413:. Elsevier Ltd. pp. 1170–1190.
7304:
7294:from the original on 6 October 2014.
6404:from the original on 1 October 2012.
6206:
6187:
5798:from the original on 25 March 2023.
5392:
5388:from the original on 31 August 2012.
5099:
4984:Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
4283:from the original on 15 January 2008
3869:Interseasonal thermal energy storage
3373:along with their energy efficiency,
3308:is also widely used and researched.
3029:
2745:Energy consumption from 1989 to 1999
2406:– pylons and cables distribute power
1891:Nesjavellir Geothermal Power Station
1510:
970:
877:
678:Environmentalists for Nuclear Energy
154:. New energy industries include the
35:
12841:Integral Molten Salt Reactor (IMSR)
9495:
9380:World energy supply and consumption
8398:Integrating Solar & Heat Pumps.
8074:Joan Lisa Bromberg (October 2000).
7842:"The Fragility of Domestic Energy."
7352:(5686). Science Vol. 305: 968–972.
7201:International Marine Energy Journal
6521:
6484:
6463:
6426:from the original on 5 January 2016
5774:from the original on 11 July 2023.
5755:Source for data beginning in 2017:
5366:from the original on June 25, 2011.
5035:Richard Schiffman (12 March 2013).
4781:
4725:
4396:
3835:Energy policy of the United Kingdom
3831:Energy policy of the European Union
3724:(Alberta, Canada) is illustrative.
3639:spun by flowing water can power an
3487:
2536:List of energy storage power plants
2466:maintenance is becoming a problem.
2188:says producing all new energy with
2138:" by boosting biodiversity nearby.
1279:world's largest offshore wind farms
1084:
1077:, where energy is often crucial in
172:World energy supply and consumption
76:World consumption by source in 2022
24:
14779:National Iranian South Oil Company
14495:Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin
13530:waste-water treatment technologies
12650:
11801:Positron-emission tomography (PET)
8470:10.1016/j.technovation.2009.01.003
8353:"Where is Geothermal Energy Used?"
8326:
8048:Energy & Environmental Science
7431:National Research Council (2010).
7052:
6815:
5430:from the original on 30 June 2011.
5407:from the original on May 17, 2013.
5249:The European Physical Journal Plus
5187:from the original on 24 April 2018
5118:from the original on July 1, 2017.
5106:Ayesha Rascoe (February 9, 2012).
4648:Revisiting Nuclear Power: A Debate
4341:"Key World Energy Statistics 2012"
3819:Energy policy of the United States
2083:public-private partnerships (PPPs)
1646:.... these advantages are global".
1263:world's largest onshore wind farms
977:Renewable energy commercialization
893:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
860:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
832:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident
708:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
388:of distance travelled per unit of
25:
15341:
15247:Intercontinental Exchange Futures
15136:Chicago Bridge & Iron Company
14789:Oil & Gas Development Company
13515:agricultural wastewater treatment
11824:Neutron capture therapy of cancer
11723:Radioisotope thermoelectric (RTG)
11215:Building-integrated photovoltaics
8505:
8444:, Energy Sources 26, 1119 (2004).
8108:Kai-Uwe Schrogl (2 August 2010).
7948:International Energy Outlook 2004
7944:Energy Information Administration
7470:Amory Lovins (March–April 2012).
5517:Nuclear Engineering International
5174:
5141:from the original on 5 July 2013.
5135:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
4929:with Chernobyl's total predicted
4637:A Reasonable Bet on Nuclear Power
4577:- Projected fusion power timeline
4460:. EngineersGarage. Archived from
3851:Energy policy of the Soviet Union
3429:
3311:
2937:hypothesis. Numerous are complex
2736:
2651:, Belgium: 17th-century windmill
2126:; and may also indirectly affect
1942:is thermal energy generated from
884:Economics of nuclear power plants
338:on imported fossil fuels creates
15284:
15283:
13468:
13259:
13248:
13247:
13235:
12924:Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR)
11420:
11409:
11408:
10603:
10597:
10591:
10539:
10485:
10473:
10462:
10461:
10449:
10005:
9996:
9995:
9560:Democratic Republic of the Congo
9494:
9482:
9470:
9459:
9458:
8449:Energy analysis of Power Systems
8389:
8369:
8345:
8320:
8295:
8271:
8228:
8204:
8180:
8156:
8147:
8135:
8025:
8006:
7984:
7959:
7936:
7927:
7916:
7887:
7861:
7835:
7812:
7784:
7774:
7765:
7756:
7731:
7722:
7700:
7648:
7623:
7610:
7592:
7579:
7554:
7522:
7518:from the original on 2012-07-07.
7459:from the original on 2014-03-27.
7420:from the original on 2012-06-16.
7391:from the original on 2015-08-12.
7251:
7227:
7188:
7163:
7139:
7087:
7046:
7031:
7005:
6964:
6927:
6903:
6884:
6863:
6828:
6818:"Geothermal heating and cooling"
6809:
6760:
6737:from the original on 2014-07-22.
6717:
6658:
6503:from the original on 2015-07-01.
6459:from the original on 2011-07-15.
6344:from the original on 2017-02-26.
5779:● Source for data through 2016:
5655:from the original on 2011-06-01.
5511:Kidd, Steve (January 21, 2011).
5453:from the original on 7 May 2011.
5131:"Nuclear aging: Not so graceful"
4943:Brendan Nicholson (2006-06-05).
3779:
3765:
3751:
2498:profitability of such a scheme.
2290:, improved energy efficiency in
1928:originates from the Greek roots
1715:. These fuels are produced from
1686:
1669:
1515:
1482:
1459:
1436:
1413:
1390:
1367:
1344:
1175:
1158:
997:
576:
553:, and the first nuclear-powered
522:
146:, the natural gas industry, the
119:that would otherwise be wasted.
40:
14794:Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
13596:List of energy storage projects
13520:industrial wastewater treatment
13373:Environmental impact assessment
13343:Environmental impact assessment
12013:Historical stockpiles and tests
8377:"Drake Landing Solar Community"
7655:Ross, Cullen (26 August 2016).
7568:from the original on 2012-08-04
7072:10.1088/1755-1315/1171/1/012025
6842:from the original on 2013-10-06
6584:
6566:
6408:
6348:
6326:
6253:
6234:. February 2011. Archived from
6221:"World Wind Energy Report 2010"
6105:from the original on 2017-05-25
6085:
6046:
6007:
5968:
5929:
5890:
5852:
5828:
5689:
5659:
5623:from the original on 2017-05-18
5534:Ed Crooks (12 September 2010).
5434:
5411:
5285:
5270:10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01508-7
5211:
5199:
5168:
5088:from the original on 2013-06-02
5074:
5058:Martin Fackler (June 1, 2011).
4957:from the original on 2008-02-08
4920:from the original on 2012-06-10
4900:
4689:
4618:The Quarterly Review of Biology
4580:
4500:
4489:from the original on 2013-06-12
4475:
4450:
4439:from the original on 2013-09-27
4421:
4385:from the original on 2013-06-02
4333:
4314:
4295:
4265:
4256:
4212:
4183:
4158:
4149:
4130:
4121:
4102:
4092:
3937:Ocean thermal energy conversion
3873:Geomagnetically induced current
3865:Seasonal thermal energy storage
3726:borehole thermal energy storage
3561:
2763:of energy use and development.
2666:Except nuclear, geothermal and
2551:All forms of energy are either
2520:Pumped-storage hydroelectricity
2317:
1600:. It is an essential source of
1405:Horse Hollow Wind Energy Center
1111:is electric power generated by
423:if consumption is not reduced.
407:Conventional production of oil
218:
15262:Society of Petroleum Engineers
15033:Port Harcourt Refining Company
14699:Abu Dhabi National Oil Company
12914:Energy Multiplier Module (EM2)
11796:Single-photon emission (SPECT)
10051:
5152:Matthew Wald (June 14, 2013).
4732:Institute for Southern Studies
4083:
4071:
4059:
4050:
4038:
4029:
4003:
3978:
3952:
2970:Between 1950 and 1984, as the
1693:Information on pump regarding
505:of electrical power per year.
237:burns natural gas in a turbine
84:Yearly production by continent
13:
1:
14208:Production sharing agreements
13242:Nuclear technology portal
11220:Passive solar building design
10631:Passive solar building design
10358:Blade element momentum theory
8395:Wong B., Thornton J. (2013).
6958:10.1016/S1364-0321(01)00002-8
6869:Glassley, William E. (2010).
6263:. eirgrid.com. Archived from
6232:World Wind Energy Association
4840:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61253-7
4760:"The Worst Nuclear Disasters"
4659:A Comeback for Nuclear Power?
4277:Union of Concerned Scientists
4191:"Heat Island Group Home Page"
3946:
3933:List of natural gas pipelines
3722:Drake Landing Solar Community
3712:, and can involve storage of
3576:
3516:
2779:
2220:of solar and wind power, but
2036:ocean temperature differences
2020:Marine Renewable Energy (MRE)
1874:
1226:Wind power is widely used in
1166:Burbo Bank Offshore Wind Farm
768:Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant
754:As of 2012, according to the
700:Nuclear power plant accidents
32:Outline of energy development
15242:Canadian petroleum companies
15237:American Petroleum Institute
14774:National Iranian Oil Company
14759:Kuwait Petroleum Corporation
13104:Field-reversed configuration
12714:Uranium Naturel Graphite Gaz
10348:2020s in wind power research
8438:Bilgen, S. and K. Kaygusuz,
8375:Wong, Bill (June 28, 2011),
8188:"How Do Wind Turbines Work?"
8164:"The West's Nuclear Mistake"
7832:and L. Hunter Lovins (1982).
7472:"A Farewell to Fossil Fuels"
7316:. p. 17. Archived from
6702:. 2011-08-31. Archived from
6679:10.1016/j.cattod.2014.12.004
6420:www.renewableenergyworld.com
5993:10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.124
5915:10.1016/j.energy.2020.118162
5876:10.1016/j.renene.2022.09.065
5567:Edward Kee (16 March 2012).
5513:"New reactors—more or less?"
5129:Mark Cooper (18 June 2013).
4766:. 2009-03-25. Archived from
4705:. Harvard University Press.
4226:. 2010-11-11. Archived from
4197:. 2000-08-30. Archived from
4109:Ending our-Dependence on Oil
3646:
2674:itself is the result of the
2567:, temperature differential,
2178:have developed a series of "
1731:. These fuels are made by a
1477:
1454:
1451:Fântânele-Cogealac Wind Farm
1431:
1408:
1385:
1362:
1339:
1219:has expanded rapidly to 336
853:
419:, leading to concerns about
255:primary non-renewable fossil
211:, or other synthetic fuels.
117:recovery and reuse of energy
7:
15257:International Energy Agency
14242:Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
13378:Environmental impact design
13061:Aircraft Reactor Experiment
12246:
12008:States with nuclear weapons
10368:Energy return on investment
8477:
8307:National Geographic Society
8077:NASA and the Space Industry
7633:. Aceee.org. Archived from
7114:10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113859
6748:How Geothermal energy works
6392:BS Reporter (11 May 2012).
6071:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.066
6032:10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106153
5602:The Future of Nuclear Power
5292:Kharecha Pushker A (2013).
4348:International Energy Agency
3925:Thorium-based nuclear power
3744:
3615:is used to study and build
3333:Thermal and chemical energy
3210:, for environmental impact.
2705:Since the beginning of the
2326:An elevated section of the
2294:, industrial processes and
2288:International Energy Agency
2236:Increased energy efficiency
2000:technology, energy prices,
1869:International Energy Agency
1650:
1628:International Energy Agency
1529:the scope of other articles
1104:hydroelectric power station
957:Barakah nuclear power plant
848:International Energy Agency
787:low carbon power generation
668:. Proponents, such as the
283:electrical power generation
166:Classification of resources
10:
15346:
14844:PTT Public Company Limited
14445:East Midlands Oil Province
14430:List of natural gas fields
14030:Integrated asset modelling
13736:High-performance buildings
13074:
12899:Liquid-metal-cooled (LMFR)
12023:Tests in the United States
10736:Concentrator photovoltaics
10713:Photovoltaic power station
10676:Concentrator photovoltaics
8581:
8414:
7282:Paul Gipe (4 April 2013).
6990:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113491
6578:Royal Society of Chemistry
6478:December 29, 2007, at the
5954:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111935
5671:www.world-nuclear-news.org
5569:"Future of Nuclear Energy"
5243:Wagner, Friedrich (2021).
3650:
3596:
3565:
3535:
3491:
3315:
3258:Electric power engineering
2748:
2657:Doel Nuclear Power Station
2638:
2529:
2501:
2416:Electricity grids are the
2409:
2387:may also be delivered via
2353:
2280:Compact fluorescent lights
2251:
2150:
2011:
2007:
1878:
1654:
1502:
1217:Global wind power capacity
974:
881:
823:
814:fossil-fuel power stations
774:are under construction at
760:People's Republic of China
712:Three Mile Island accident
694:people and the environment
666:debate about nuclear power
585:nuclear-powered icebreaker
513:
508:
468:volatile organic compounds
242:
194:Open System Model (basics)
175:
169:
29:
15279:
15229:
15216:Weatherford International
15095:
14945:
14897:
14749:Iraq National Oil Company
14685:
14642:
14627:
14618:
14503:
14420:
14302:
14188:
14082:
14010:
13953:
13912:
13905:
13827:
13809:
13731:Heat recovery ventilation
13716:Environmental remediation
13641:
13544:
13477:
13466:
13333:Climate smart agriculture
13315:
13229:
13185:
13137:
13094:
13084:
13036:
13024:Stable Salt Reactor (SSR)
12937:
12919:Reduced-moderation (RMWR)
12884:
12867:
12807:
12734:
12726:Advanced gas-cooled (AGR)
12700:
12691:
12643:
12623:
12576:
12558:
12514:
12419:
12401:
12269:
12256:
12241:
12228:
12183:
12116:
12061:
12052:
12000:
11908:
11899:
11866:
11809:
11771:
11762:
11683:
11615:
11538:
11480:
11476:
11404:
11383:
11353:
11332:
11311:
11295:
11269:
11233:
11207:
11164:
11157:
11117:
11086:
11053:
11044:
11024:
10826:
10778:artificial photosynthesis
10764:
10726:
10664:
10621:
10612:
10589:
10570:
10547:
10443:
10415:Variable renewable energy
10340:
10279:
10251:
10154:
10121:
10059:
9991:
9960:
9924:
9888:
9811:
9703:
9696:
9603:
9550:
9454:
9428:
9304:
9184:Fossil fuel power station
9152:
9065:
8971:
8846:Electric potential energy
8811:
8791:Thermodynamic temperature
8771:Thermodynamic free energy
8766:Thermodynamic equilibrium
8612:
8589:
8432:, Vol 1, 11 January 2016.
8247:10.1596/978-0-8213-8926-3
7025:10.1007/978-3-540-77932-2
5870:: 1145–1152. 2022-11-01.
5441:Mari Saito (7 May 2011).
5004:10.1080/10807030802387556
4878:Data from studies by the
4589:"The nuclear controversy"
3787:Nuclear technology portal
3391:technology is a field of
3369:of all kinds, grates and
3004:artificial photosynthesis
2244:A spiral-type integrated
2201:to today's energy costs.
1990:tectonic plate boundaries
1644:mitigating global warming
1428:Capricorn Ridge Wind Farm
1308:Large onshore wind farms
949:Hanul Nuclear Power Plant
806:carbon dioxide equivalent
670:World Nuclear Association
551:longest ever naval vessel
348:environmental degradation
233:fossil-fuel power station
156:renewable energy industry
148:electrical power industry
49:This article needs to be
15325:Power station technology
15320:Sustainable technologies
13721:Glass in green buildings
13665:sustainable architecture
13309:Environmental technology
12929:Dual fluid reactor (DFR)
12545:Steam-generating (SGHWR)
11881:Electron-beam processing
11324:Solar water disinfection
10793:Thermoelectric generator
10435:Wind resource assessment
9255:Concentrated solar power
8408:Renewable Heat Workshop.
8114:. Springer. p. 49.
8080:. JHU Press. p. 1.
8064:(accessed 13 March 2013)
6453:renewableenergyworld.com
4702:The Rise of Nuclear Fear
3731:between opposing seasons
3643:to produce electricity.
3377:and operational safety.
3071:Interdisciplinary fields
3046:environmentally friendly
3034:Energy technology is an
3019:manufacturing industries
2959:of humanity. Short term
2512:Ffestiniog Power Station
2486:Wireless energy transfer
2276:incandescent light bulbs
2246:compact fluorescent lamp
1916:of minerals (80%). The
1614:concentrated solar power
1497:
937:
838:, prompted a rethink of
417:greenhouse gas emissions
229:Moss Landing Power Plant
15267:World Petroleum Council
15141:China Oilfield Services
14198:Petroleum fiscal regime
13897:Western Canadian Select
13892:West Texas Intermediate
13044:Organic nuclear reactor
12216:Nuclear power phase-out
12139:Nuclear decommissioning
12079:Reactor-grade plutonium
11829:Targeted alpha-particle
11708:Accidents and incidents
11032:Solar Shade Control Act
10816:Space-based solar power
8796:Volume (thermodynamics)
8776:Thermodynamic potential
8679:Mass–energy equivalence
8426:The Frontiers of Energy
8216:openresearchlibrary.org
7685:10.1111/1467-8489.12175
7676:10.1111/1467-8489.12175
7496:10.1126/science.1195449
7366:10.1126/science.1100103
7213:10.36688/imej.5.143-150
6910:Cothran, Helen (2002),
6373:Terra-Gen Press Release
5800:IEA. Licence: CC BY 4.0
4975:Burgherr Peter (2008).
4880:Paul Scherrer Institute
4166:"Big Rig Building Boom"
3941:Growth of photovoltaics
3847:Energy policy of Canada
3843:Energy policy of Brazil
3839:Energy policy of Russia
3795:Worldwide energy supply
3773:Renewable energy portal
3669:can draw burning fuel.
3023:space-based solar power
2957:sustainable development
2491:Wireless power transfer
1622:naturally circulate air
1336:Alta (Oak Creek-Mojave)
1149:
1146:powered energy plants.
963:under construction (in
826:Nuclear power phase-out
772:Generation III reactors
563:mass-energy equivalence
275:liquefied petroleum gas
273:. Another fossil fuel,
14744:Indian Oil Corporation
14230:Submersible pump (ESP)
14175:Underbalanced drilling
13996:of gasoline and diesel
13711:Environmental movement
13408:Sustainability science
13398:Public interest design
13323:Appropriate technology
11396:Solar power by country
11071:Thermal energy storage
10686:Nanocrystal solar cell
10636:Solar air conditioning
10430:Wind profile power law
10425:Wind power forecasting
8751:Quantum thermodynamics
8741:Laws of thermodynamics
8622:Conservation of energy
8018:July 14, 2009, at the
7868:"Our Electric Future."
7854:and L. Hunter Lovins.
7288:Renewable Energy World
6159:April 9, 2012, at the
5467:Ipsos (23 June 2011),
5378:"Gauging the pressure"
4350:. 2012. Archived from
4308:July 30, 2012, at the
4224:nationalgeographic.com
3827:Energy policy of India
3823:Energy policy of China
3739:phase-change materials
3694:Thermal energy storage
3594:
3533:
3507:
3443:
3346:
3254:
3245:Electrical engineering
3134:, turbines, pumps and
3123:Electrical engineering
2935:Malthusian catastrophe
2930:
2904:Industrialized nations
2888:
2757:environmental movement
2746:
2711:William Stanley Jevons
2659:
2527:
2407:
2350:Shipping and pipelines
2330:
2302:Energy efficiency and
2249:
2136:artificial reef effect
2079:feed-in tariffs (FiTs)
1975:electricity generation
1897:
1889:Steam rising from the
1697:blend up to 10%,
1474:Fowler Ridge Wind Farm
1185:of wind power capacity
1105:
1040:electricity generation
990:
907:
895:
501:generates billions of
438:is released, and also
332:
240:
239:to produce electricity
195:
93:
85:
77:
15121:Cameron International
14563:Petrodollar recycling
14546:fossil fuel phase-out
14109:Differential sticking
14062:Reflection seismology
14035:Petroleum engineering
13877:OPEC Reference Basket
13590:hydrogen technologies
13504:Solid waste treatment
12206:Anti-nuclear movement
11277:Salt evaporation pond
11246:Hybrid solar lighting
11066:Phase-change material
10456:Wind power portal
8868:Interatomic potential
8659:Energy transformation
8022:retrieved 28 May 2009
7992:"Eating Fossil Fuels"
7337:; R. Socolow (2004).
7053:Ni, Na (2023-04-01).
6398:business-standard.com
6360:June 9, 2012, at the
6183:. WWEA. pp. 1–8.
6181:2014 Half-year Report
5298:Environmental Science
4990:(5): 947–973, 962–5.
4882:including non EU data
4485:. World-nuclear.org.
4142:May 13, 2013, at the
3929:List of oil pipelines
3685:Enabling technologies
3587:Pelton water turbines
3584:
3524:
3501:
3437:
3417:materials engineering
3355:environmental studies
3340:
3252:
3220:Environmental studies
2894:
2835:
2744:
2707:Industrial Revolution
2646:
2509:
2402:
2395:Wired energy transfer
2325:
2243:
2153:100% renewable energy
2147:100% renewable energy
1940:Earth's internal heat
1932:, meaning earth, and
1900:Geothermal energy is
1888:
1642:, lower the costs of
1541:and help introduce a
1092:
1073:and remote areas and
984:
901:
891:
844:nuclear energy policy
824:Further information:
318:
294:Industrial Revolution
226:
193:
170:Further information:
91:
83:
75:
30:Further information:
15018:Occidental Petroleum
14332:1990 oil price shock
14158:Shale oil extraction
14131:Drilling engineering
14114:Directional drilling
14040:Reservoir simulation
13761:Water heat recycling
13691:Efficient energy use
13681:Conservation biology
13618:Sustainable lighting
13554:Efficient energy use
13368:Environmental Design
13338:Environmental design
13114:Reversed field pinch
12909:Traveling-wave (TWR)
12393:Supercritical (SCWR)
11891:Gemstone irradiation
10811:Solar thermal rocket
10261:Consulting companies
10069:Airborne wind energy
9316:Efficient energy use
9289:Airborne wind energy
9267:Solar thermal energy
9174:Electricity delivery
8786:Thermodynamic system
8731:Irreversible process
8357:GreenFire Energy Inc
7620:, License: CC BY 4.0
7607:, UNSW Press, p. 86.
7585:Richard L. Kauffman
7239:impact.economist.com
7151:Ocean Energy Ireland
6914:, Greenhaven Press,
6789:10.1038/ngeo.2007.44
6700:Worldwatch Institute
5016:Comparing Nuclear's
4609:James J. MacKenzie.
3641:electrical generator
3397:chemical engineering
3286:transformer stations
2814:The Reform Institute
2719:U.S. Bureau of Mines
2254:Efficient energy use
2180:stabilization wedges
2163:Renewable energy use
1977:. Worldwide, 11,400
1948:core-mantle boundary
1610:photovoltaic systems
1590:solar thermal energy
1168:in Northwest England
1075:developing countries
953:United Arab Emirates
912:Nuclear power plants
868:radioactive material
742:Comparing Nuclear's
684:source that reduces
664:There is an ongoing
659:engineering research
624:Nuclear power plants
490:including traces of
279:industrial processes
129:environmental issues
15166:Naftiran Intertrade
15111:Amec Foster Wheeler
15038:Reliance Industries
14927:Naftiran Intertrade
14739:Hindustan Petroleum
14337:2000s energy crisis
13746:Nature conservation
13741:Land rehabilitation
13696:Energy conservation
13585:carbon-neutral fuel
13493:dispersion modeling
12279:Aqueous homogeneous
12074:Reprocessed uranium
11747:Safety and security
11371:Solar water heating
11145:Solar water heating
11061:Grid energy storage
10788:Solar updraft tower
10707:Photovoltaic module
10702:Photovoltaic effect
10651:Solar water heating
10490:Additional portals:
10420:Virtual power plant
10253:Wind power industry
10131:Lists of wind farms
9338:Energy conservation
9260:Photovoltaic system
9233:Nuclear power plant
8918:Quantum fluctuation
8781:Thermodynamic state
8756:Thermal equilibrium
8329:"Geothermal Energy"
8303:"Geothermal Energy"
7884:. July/August 2008.
7488:2010Sci...329.1292H
7482:(5997): 1292–1294.
7358:2004Sci...305..968P
7038:Thorson, J (2022).
6912:Energy Alternatives
6781:2008NatGe...1...25L
6562:on 13 January 2012.
6241:on 4 September 2011
5483:on 24 December 2014
5360:Scientific American
5310:2013EnST...47.4889K
5261:2021EPJP..136..562W
4996:2008HERA...14..947B
4931:linear no-threshold
4137:Oil-Led Development
3513:has many branches.
3015:private spaceflight
2928:Former Soviet Union
2786:energy independence
2774:Energy conservation
2682:from hot, hardened
2678:'s nuclear fusion.
2524:grid energy storage
2306:are said to be the
2063:Offshore wind power
1918:geothermal gradient
1849:transesterification
1719:. Examples of this
1661:Sustainable biofuel
1594:solar water heating
1359:Jaisalmer Wind Park
1309:
1265:are located in the
862:– the second worst
858:Following the 2011
785:Nuclear power is a
608:to generate useful
569:on the flight deck.
356:mountaintop removal
231:in California is a
125:efficiency measures
121:Energy conservation
92:US energy use, 2022
15310:Energy development
15013:Marathon Petroleum
14435:List of oil fields
14045:Reservoir modeling
13803:Petroleum industry
13564:Energy development
13546:Sustainable energy
13535:water purification
13499:Industrial ecology
13193:Dense plasma focus
12108:Actinide chemistry
11573:Isotope separation
11470:Nuclear technology
11199:Solar-powered pump
10783:Solar-pumped laser
10696:Photovoltaic array
10691:Organic solar cell
10669:and related topics
9375:Sustainable energy
9353:Energy development
9343:Energy consumption
9179:Energy engineering
8404:2013-10-15 at the
8382:2016-03-04 at the
8060:10.1039/C3EE00063J
8038:10.1039/C3EE00063J
7978:2009-04-28 at the
7953:2017-07-27 at the
7873:2014-08-25 at the
7847:2009-01-06 at the
7824:2009-07-02 at the
6896:2014-10-15 at the
6753:2014-09-25 at the
6651:10.3390/en15051823
6610:10.1093/ce/zkac023
6533:2010-09-18 at the
6378:2012-05-10 at the
6199:2011-04-07 at the
5818:OurWorldInData.org
5492:2016-04-03 at the
5485:. Survey website:
5158:The New York Times
5064:The New York Times
4793:2009-03-26 at the
4682:2009-06-26 at the
4664:2010-02-26 at the
4653:2017-04-09 at the
4642:2017-02-01 at the
4632:The New York Times
4567:on 7 November 2006
4326:2013-07-29 at the
4279:. 18 August 2005.
4250:2016-04-10 at the
4201:on January 9, 2008
4114:2013-03-19 at the
3899:Energy consumption
3805:Water-energy nexus
3595:
3534:
3508:
3447:Nuclear technology
3444:
3347:
3255:
3132:combustion engines
3026:power collection.
3009:With contemporary
2931:
2914:Developing nations
2889:
2828:Present and future
2751:Sustainable energy
2747:
2660:
2528:
2522:(PSH) is used for
2518:, United Kingdom.
2408:
2356:Pipeline transport
2331:
2250:
2073:around the world.
1983:geothermal heating
1898:
1796:Cellulosic biomass
1598:solar architecture
1539:discuss this issue
1307:
1106:
991:
987:solar photovoltaic
931:electricity market
927:utility monopolies
908:
896:
794:emission intensity
704:Chernobyl disaster
682:sustainable energy
643:nuclear propulsion
402:urban heat islands
366:thermal efficiency
333:
241:
196:
144:petroleum industry
97:Energy development
94:
86:
78:
15330:Energy conversion
15315:Energy technology
15297:
15296:
15275:
15274:
15161:Nabors Industries
15091:
15090:
14289:Well intervention
14264:Petroleum product
14163:Ljungström method
14067:Seismic inversion
14052:Petroleum geology
14006:
14005:
13769:
13768:
13606:commercialization
13275:
13274:
13225:
13224:
13221:
13220:
13172:Magnetized-target
13069:
13068:
13032:
13031:
12863:
12862:
12859:
12858:
12803:
12802:
12687:
12686:
12619:
12618:
12224:
12223:
12179:
12178:
12048:
12047:
12035:Weapon-free zones
11862:
11861:
11854:Radiopharmacology
11436:
11435:
11379:
11378:
11361:Solar combisystem
11319:Soil solarization
11225:Urban heat island
11153:
11152:
11125:Electric aircraft
11040:
11039:
10751:Solar power tower
10507:
10506:
10099:on public display
10019:
10018:
9884:
9883:
9510:
9509:
9277:Solar power tower
8923:Quantum potential
8761:Thermal reservoir
8664:Energy transition
8264:978-0-8213-8926-3
8121:978-3-7091-0317-3
8087:978-0-8018-6532-9
7808:on April 5, 2013.
7452:978-0-309-13708-9
6769:Nature Geoscience
6267:on 15 August 2011
5707:on 6 October 2016
5616:978-0-615-12420-9
5581:on 5 October 2013
5384:. 28 April 2011.
5319:10.1021/es3051197
4834:(9591): 979–990.
4243:(April 22, 2010)
3903:Materials science
3877:Energy harvesting
3705:from a process).
3613:Civil engineering
3568:Geothermal energy
3463:nuclear chemistry
3423:Energy conversion
3413:applied mechanics
3262:electrical energy
3172:, for sources of
3036:interdisciplinary
3030:Energy technology
2802:Chairman and CEO
2800:Intel Corporation
2715:The Coal Question
2655:and 20th-century
2619:tanks store ice (
2611:as gravitational
2565:electrical energy
2453:carrying capacity
2375:, and coal via a
2268:fluorescent lamps
2264:insulating a home
2176:Robert H. Socolow
2172:Stephen W. Pacala
1956:mantle convecting
1944:radioactive decay
1914:radioactive decay
1881:Geothermal energy
1756:and the need for
1560:
1559:
1495:
1494:
1079:human development
1058:energy services.
971:Renewable sources
878:Fission economics
639:31 countries
336:Energy dependence
160:alternative fuels
70:
69:
18:Energy production
16:(Redirected from
15337:
15287:
15286:
14988:Hess Corporation
14709:Bharat Petroleum
14640:
14639:
14625:
14624:
14312:1967 Oil Embargo
14148:Lost circulation
13986:Posted oil price
13910:
13909:
13867:Isthmus-34 Light
13796:
13789:
13782:
13773:
13772:
13706:Energy recycling
13627:electric vehicle
13601:Renewable energy
13575:alternative fuel
13525:sewage treatment
13509:Waste management
13472:
13363:Energy recycling
13358:Electric vehicle
13328:Clean technology
13302:
13295:
13288:
13279:
13278:
13263:
13262:
13251:
13250:
13240:
13239:
13238:
13150:
13109:Levitated dipole
13079:
13071:
13070:
13019:Helium gas (GFR)
12882:
12881:
12877:
12814:
12813:
12698:
12697:
12648:
12647:
12641:
12640:
12636:
12635:
12417:
12416:
12413:
12412:
12251:
12243:
12242:
12235:Nuclear reactors
12230:
12229:
12129:High-level (HLW)
12059:
12058:
11906:
11905:
11886:Food irradiation
11876:Atomic gardening
11769:
11768:
11752:Nuclear meltdown
11578:Nuclear material
11568:Fissile material
11563:Fertile material
11478:
11477:
11463:
11456:
11449:
11440:
11439:
11424:
11423:
11412:
11411:
11366:Solar controller
11162:
11161:
11051:
11050:
10746:Parabolic trough
10619:
10618:
10607:
10601:
10595:
10583:Solar irradiance
10534:
10527:
10520:
10511:
10510:
10494:Renewable energy
10489:
10477:
10476:
10465:
10464:
10454:
10453:
10300:GE Offshore Wind
10046:
10039:
10032:
10023:
10022:
10009:
9999:
9998:
9942:French Polynesia
9701:
9700:
9537:
9530:
9523:
9514:
9513:
9498:
9497:
9486:
9474:
9473:
9462:
9461:
9436:Carbon footprint
9370:Renewable energy
9211:Hydroelectricity
9201:Geothermal power
8644:Energy condition
8576:
8569:
8562:
8553:
8552:
8473:
8409:
8393:
8387:
8373:
8367:
8366:
8364:
8363:
8349:
8343:
8342:
8340:
8339:
8324:
8318:
8317:
8315:
8314:
8299:
8293:
8292:
8290:
8289:
8275:
8269:
8268:
8232:
8226:
8225:
8223:
8222:
8208:
8202:
8201:
8199:
8198:
8184:
8178:
8177:
8175:
8174:
8160:
8154:
8151:
8145:
8139:
8133:
8132:
8130:
8128:
8105:
8099:
8098:
8096:
8094:
8071:
8065:
8063:
8044:Lubitz, Wolfgang
8029:
8023:
8010:
8004:
8003:
7998:. Archived from
7988:
7982:
7963:
7957:
7940:
7934:
7931:
7925:
7920:
7914:
7913:
7911:
7910:
7891:
7885:
7865:
7859:
7858:. November 1983.
7856:Atlantic Monthly
7839:
7833:
7816:
7810:
7809:
7807:
7801:. Archived from
7796:
7788:
7782:
7778:
7772:
7769:
7763:
7760:
7754:
7753:
7751:
7750:
7741:. Archived from
7735:
7729:
7726:
7720:
7719:
7714:. Archived from
7704:
7698:
7697:
7687:
7661:
7652:
7646:
7645:
7643:
7642:
7627:
7621:
7614:
7608:
7599:Diesendorf, Mark
7596:
7590:
7583:
7577:
7576:
7574:
7573:
7558:
7552:
7551:
7549:
7547:
7526:
7520:
7519:
7467:
7461:
7460:
7428:
7422:
7421:
7419:
7408:
7399:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7343:
7331:
7325:
7324:
7322:
7311:
7302:
7296:
7295:
7279:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7269:
7255:
7249:
7248:
7246:
7245:
7231:
7225:
7224:
7192:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7182:
7167:
7161:
7160:
7158:
7157:
7143:
7137:
7136:
7126:
7116:
7091:
7085:
7084:
7074:
7050:
7044:
7043:
7035:
7029:
7028:
7009:
7003:
7002:
6992:
6968:
6962:
6961:
6951:
6931:
6925:
6924:
6907:
6901:
6888:
6882:
6867:
6861:
6857:
6851:
6850:
6848:
6847:
6832:
6826:
6825:
6820:. Archived from
6813:
6807:
6806:
6800:
6792:
6764:
6758:
6745:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6729:
6721:
6715:
6714:
6712:
6711:
6692:
6683:
6682:
6662:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6629:
6623:
6622:
6612:
6588:
6582:
6581:
6570:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6554:
6546:
6537:
6525:
6519:
6518:
6512:
6504:
6488:
6482:
6470:
6461:
6460:
6445:
6436:
6435:
6433:
6431:
6412:
6406:
6405:
6389:
6383:
6370:
6364:
6352:
6346:
6345:
6330:
6324:
6323:
6317:
6309:
6307:
6301:. Archived from
6300:
6288:
6277:
6276:
6274:
6272:
6257:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6246:
6240:
6225:
6217:
6204:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6176:
6170:
6151:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6141:
6132:. Archived from
6125:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6110:
6104:
6097:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6050:
6044:
6043:
6020:Energy Economics
6011:
6005:
6004:
5981:Renewable Energy
5972:
5966:
5965:
5933:
5927:
5926:
5894:
5888:
5887:
5864:Renewable Energy
5856:
5850:
5849:
5847:
5846:
5832:
5826:
5825:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5786:
5778:
5773:
5762:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5703:. Archived from
5701:www.fananews.com
5693:
5687:
5686:
5684:
5682:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5647:
5638:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5628:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5580:
5573:
5564:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5547:
5542:. Archived from
5531:
5525:
5524:
5519:. Archived from
5508:
5497:
5484:
5482:
5476:, archived from
5475:
5464:
5455:
5454:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5396:
5390:
5389:
5374:
5368:
5367:
5351:
5342:
5341:
5331:
5329:2060/20140017100
5321:
5304:(9): 4889–4895.
5289:
5283:
5282:
5272:
5240:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5192:
5172:
5166:
5165:
5149:
5143:
5142:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5103:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5093:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5055:
5049:
5048:
5032:
5026:
5015:
4981:
4972:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4940:
4934:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4804:
4798:
4785:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4756:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4734:. Archived from
4723:
4717:
4716:
4697:Spencer R. Weart
4693:
4687:
4674:
4668:
4627:
4621:
4615:Arthur W. Murphy
4607:
4601:
4600:
4584:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4561:The ITER Project
4553:
4547:
4542:
4536:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4519:
4513:. Archived from
4512:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4494:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4454:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4410:on March 3, 2008
4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4375:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4356:
4345:
4337:
4331:
4318:
4312:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4269:
4263:
4260:
4254:
4241:ScienceDaily.com
4238:
4232:
4231:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4162:
4156:
4153:
4147:
4134:
4128:
4125:
4119:
4106:
4100:
4096:
4090:
4087:
4081:
4075:
4069:
4063:
4057:
4054:
4048:
4042:
4036:
4033:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3956:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3775:
3770:
3769:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3698:renewable energy
3511:Renewable energy
3494:Renewable energy
3488:Renewable energy
3455:nuclear reactors
3453:production from
3389:Emission control
3306:Electric heating
3302:power management
3294:electrical cable
3208:Waste management
3174:renewable energy
2972:Green Revolution
2948:Limits to Growth
2945:as pioneered by
2922:
2920:
2912:
2910:
2902:
2900:
2884:
2882:
2875:
2873:
2865:
2863:
2856:
2854:
2843:
2841:
2798:In 2008, former
2765:Renewable energy
2680:Geothermal power
2613:potential energy
2553:potential energy
2379:. Fuels such as
2304:renewable energy
2226:electricity grid
2224:argues that the
2186:Mark Z. Jacobson
2071:renewable energy
2026:, currents, and
1934:θερμος (thermos)
1717:living organisms
1690:
1676:A bus fueled by
1673:
1602:renewable energy
1555:
1552:
1546:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1382:Roscoe Wind Farm
1373:
1371:
1370:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1310:
1306:
1179:
1162:
1121:Three Gorges Dam
1109:Hydroelectricity
1098:Three Gorges Dam
1085:Hydroelectricity
1056:rural (off-grid)
1012:Renewable energy
1001:
864:nuclear incident
810:greenhouse gases
791:total life cycle
710:(2011), and the
686:carbon emissions
580:
567:E = mc
555:aircraft carrier
526:
308:sources such as
152:nuclear industry
65:
62:
56:
44:
43:
36:
21:
15345:
15344:
15340:
15339:
15338:
15336:
15335:
15334:
15300:
15299:
15298:
15293:
15271:
15225:
15221:John Wood Group
15211:Valaris Limited
15104:
15101:
15098:
15087:
14953:APA Corporation
14941:
14893:
14692:
14689:
14681:
14636:
14633:
14630:
14620:
14614:
14515:Classification
14499:
14422:
14416:
14352:Nationalization
14322:1979 oil crisis
14317:1973 oil crisis
14298:
14284:Water injection
14252:Steam injection
14247:Gas reinjection
14215:Artificial lift
14184:
14126:Drill stem test
14078:
14002:
13949:
13901:
13823:
13805:
13800:
13770:
13765:
13726:Green computing
13701:Energy recovery
13637:
13569:Energy recovery
13559:Electrification
13540:
13486:Air pollution (
13473:
13464:
13311:
13306:
13276:
13271:
13236:
13234:
13217:
13181:
13148:
13133:
13090:
13080:
13075:
13065:
13028:
12933:
12878:
12871:
12870:
12855:
12799:
12730:
12705:
12683:
12655:
12637:
12630:
12629:
12628:
12615:
12581:
12572:
12554:
12519:
12510:
12424:
12407:
12406:
12405:
12397:
12311:Natural fission
12265:
12264:
12252:
12247:
12237:
12220:
12196:Nuclear weapons
12175:
12134:Low-level (LLW)
12112:
12044:
11996:
11895:
11858:
11805:
11758:
11679:
11611:
11534:
11472:
11467:
11437:
11432:
11400:
11375:
11349:
11328:
11307:
11291:
11265:
11229:
11203:
11168:
11149:
11113:
11082:
11046:
11036:
11020:
10822:
10766:
10760:
10722:
10668:
10660:
10608:
10602:
10596:
10587:
10566:
10543:
10538:
10508:
10503:
10448:
10439:
10410:Tip-speed ratio
10405:Net energy gain
10363:Capacity factor
10336:
10275:
10247:
10150:
10136:Community-owned
10117:
10055:
10050:
10020:
10015:
9987:
9956:
9920:
9880:
9807:
9692:
9599:
9546:
9541:
9511:
9506:
9450:
9446:Waste-to-energy
9424:
9360:Energy security
9306:
9300:
9156:
9148:
9127:Natural uranium
9061:
9042:Mechanical wave
8973:Energy carriers
8967:
8807:
8736:Isolated system
8614:
8608:
8585:
8580:
8508:
8480:
8417:
8412:
8406:Wayback Machine
8394:
8390:
8384:Wayback Machine
8374:
8370:
8361:
8359:
8351:
8350:
8346:
8337:
8335:
8333:archive.epa.gov
8325:
8321:
8312:
8310:
8301:
8300:
8296:
8287:
8285:
8277:
8276:
8272:
8265:
8233:
8229:
8220:
8218:
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8205:
8196:
8194:
8186:
8185:
8181:
8172:
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8162:
8161:
8157:
8152:
8148:
8140:
8136:
8126:
8124:
8122:
8106:
8102:
8092:
8090:
8088:
8072:
8068:
8030:
8026:
8020:Wayback Machine
8011:
8007:
7990:
7989:
7985:
7980:Wayback Machine
7964:
7960:
7955:Wayback Machine
7941:
7937:
7932:
7928:
7921:
7917:
7908:
7906:
7892:
7888:
7875:Wayback Machine
7866:
7862:
7852:Amory B. Lovins
7849:Wayback Machine
7840:
7836:
7830:Amory B. Lovins
7826:Wayback Machine
7817:
7813:
7805:
7794:
7790:
7789:
7785:
7779:
7775:
7770:
7766:
7761:
7757:
7748:
7746:
7737:
7736:
7732:
7727:
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7706:
7705:
7701:
7659:
7653:
7649:
7640:
7638:
7629:
7628:
7624:
7615:
7611:
7597:
7593:
7584:
7580:
7571:
7569:
7560:
7559:
7555:
7545:
7543:
7528:
7527:
7523:
7476:Foreign Affairs
7468:
7464:
7453:
7429:
7425:
7417:
7406:
7400:
7396:
7388:
7341:
7332:
7328:
7320:
7309:
7303:
7299:
7280:
7276:
7267:
7265:
7263:tethys.pnnl.gov
7257:
7256:
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7243:
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7233:
7232:
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7193:
7189:
7180:
7178:
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7168:
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7092:
7088:
7051:
7047:
7036:
7032:
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7010:
7006:
6969:
6965:
6949:10.1.1.459.1779
6932:
6928:
6922:
6908:
6904:
6898:Wayback Machine
6889:
6885:
6868:
6864:
6858:
6854:
6845:
6843:
6834:
6833:
6829:
6814:
6810:
6794:
6793:
6765:
6761:
6755:Wayback Machine
6746:
6742:
6734:
6727:
6723:
6722:
6718:
6709:
6707:
6694:
6693:
6686:
6667:Catalysis Today
6663:
6659:
6630:
6626:
6589:
6585:
6580:. 2 April 2014.
6572:
6571:
6567:
6559:
6552:
6548:
6547:
6540:
6535:Wayback Machine
6526:
6522:
6506:
6505:
6489:
6485:
6480:Wayback Machine
6471:
6464:
6447:
6446:
6439:
6429:
6427:
6414:
6413:
6409:
6390:
6386:
6382:, 17 April 2012
6380:Wayback Machine
6371:
6367:
6362:Wayback Machine
6353:
6349:
6332:
6331:
6327:
6311:
6310:
6305:
6298:
6289:
6280:
6270:
6268:
6259:
6258:
6254:
6244:
6242:
6238:
6223:
6219:
6218:
6207:
6201:Wayback Machine
6192:
6188:
6177:
6173:
6161:Wayback Machine
6152:
6148:
6139:
6137:
6126:
6117:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6095:
6091:
6090:
6086:
6051:
6047:
6012:
6008:
5973:
5969:
5934:
5930:
5895:
5891:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5844:
5842:
5834:
5833:
5829:
5810:
5806:
5795:
5784:
5780:
5776:IEA. CC BY 4.0.
5771:
5760:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5741:
5739:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5695:
5694:
5690:
5680:
5678:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5652:
5645:
5639:
5635:
5626:
5624:
5617:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5571:
5565:
5561:
5551:
5549:
5540:Financial Times
5532:
5528:
5509:
5500:
5494:Wayback Machine
5480:
5473:
5465:
5458:
5439:
5435:
5416:
5412:
5403:. p. 476.
5397:
5393:
5376:
5375:
5371:
5352:
5345:
5290:
5286:
5241:
5237:
5228:
5226:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5208:Page 962 to 965
5204:
5200:
5190:
5188:
5173:
5169:
5150:
5146:
5127:
5123:
5104:
5100:
5091:
5089:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5056:
5052:
5033:
5029:
5025:classification.
4979:
4973:
4969:
4960:
4958:
4941:
4937:
4923:
4921:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4891:
4889:
4884:. p. 168.
4868:
4867:
4863:
4824:
4820:
4805:
4801:
4795:Wayback Machine
4786:
4782:
4773:
4771:
4758:
4757:
4750:
4741:
4739:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4694:
4690:
4684:Wayback Machine
4675:
4671:
4666:Wayback Machine
4655:Wayback Machine
4644:Wayback Machine
4628:
4624:
4608:
4604:
4585:
4581:
4570:
4568:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4530:
4529:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4510:
4508:"Archived copy"
4506:
4505:
4501:
4492:
4490:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4467:
4465:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4442:
4440:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4413:
4411:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4388:
4386:
4377:
4376:
4369:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4328:Wayback Machine
4319:
4315:
4310:Wayback Machine
4300:
4296:
4286:
4284:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4261:
4257:
4252:Wayback Machine
4239:
4235:
4218:
4217:
4213:
4204:
4202:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4175:
4173:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4154:
4150:
4144:Wayback Machine
4135:
4131:
4126:
4122:
4116:Wayback Machine
4107:
4103:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4076:
4072:
4064:
4060:
4055:
4051:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4030:
4020:
4018:
4009:
4008:
4004:
3994:
3992:
3986:"International"
3984:
3983:
3979:
3969:
3967:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3785:
3780:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3747:
3714:sensible energy
3687:
3655:
3649:
3601:
3579:
3570:
3564:
3540:
3530:Inner Mongolian
3519:
3496:
3490:
3482:nuclear physics
3474:nuclear fission
3459:nuclear physics
3432:
3361:has to do with
3345:for a wood fire
3335:
3320:
3314:
3298:Load management
3270:electric motors
3247:
3115:technology and
3088:nuclear physics
3073:
3032:
2986:(natural gas),
2982:in the form of
2918:
2917:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2880:
2879:
2877:Renewable fuels
2871:
2870:
2869:
2861:
2860:
2852:
2851:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2830:
2809:electrification
2782:
2759:has emphasized
2753:
2739:
2723:M. King Hubbert
2692:nuclear fission
2641:
2538:
2530:Main articles:
2504:
2488:
2433:nuclear reactor
2414:
2412:Electrical grid
2404:Electrical grid
2397:
2377:Slurry pipeline
2358:
2352:
2328:Alaska Pipeline
2320:
2256:
2238:
2218:variable output
2214:James E. Hansen
2155:
2149:
2140:Noise pollution
2107:ocean currents.
2100:energy security
2091:Paris Agreement
2087:decarbonization
2034:gradients, and
2018:
2016:
2010:
1936:, meaning hot.
1883:
1877:
1853:decarboxylation
1841:carbon monoxide
1758:energy security
1721:carbon fixation
1713:carbon fixation
1707:A biofuel is a
1705:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1691:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1663:
1655:Main articles:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1632:energy security
1556:
1550:
1547:
1545:to the article.
1536:
1531:, specifically
1520:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1483:
1481:
1460:
1458:
1437:
1435:
1414:
1412:
1391:
1389:
1368:
1366:
1345:
1343:
1319:
1317:
1281:are located in
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1163:
1152:
1102:world's largest
1100:in China – the
1087:
1036:geothermal heat
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1002:
979:
973:
955:at the planned
940:
886:
880:
856:
828:
822:
764:electrical grid
736:energy accident
647:net energy gain
606:nuclear fission
599:
598:
597:
596:
595:
581:
572:
571:
570:
527:
516:
511:
460:carbon monoxide
456:sulphur dioxide
446:and other fine
440:nitrogen oxides
362:Fuel efficiency
340:energy security
257:) sources burn
251:
243:Main articles:
221:
188:
182:Energy planning
178:Energy industry
174:
168:
140:energy industry
66:
60:
57:
54:
45:
41:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
15343:
15333:
15332:
15327:
15322:
15317:
15312:
15295:
15294:
15292:
15291:
15280:
15277:
15276:
15273:
15272:
15270:
15269:
15264:
15259:
15254:
15249:
15244:
15239:
15233:
15231:
15227:
15226:
15224:
15223:
15218:
15213:
15208:
15203:
15198:
15193:
15188:
15183:
15178:
15173:
15168:
15163:
15158:
15153:
15148:
15143:
15138:
15133:
15128:
15123:
15118:
15113:
15107:
15105:
15096:
15093:
15092:
15089:
15088:
15086:
15085:
15080:
15075:
15070:
15065:
15060:
15058:Surgutneftegas
15055:
15050:
15045:
15040:
15035:
15030:
15025:
15020:
15015:
15010:
15005:
15000:
14995:
14990:
14985:
14980:
14978:Eneos Holdings
14975:
14970:
14968:ConocoPhillips
14965:
14960:
14958:Cenovus Energy
14955:
14949:
14947:
14943:
14942:
14940:
14939:
14934:
14929:
14924:
14919:
14914:
14909:
14903:
14901:
14899:Energy trading
14895:
14894:
14892:
14891:
14886:
14881:
14876:
14871:
14866:
14861:
14856:
14851:
14846:
14841:
14836:
14831:
14826:
14821:
14816:
14811:
14806:
14801:
14796:
14791:
14786:
14781:
14776:
14771:
14766:
14761:
14756:
14751:
14746:
14741:
14736:
14731:
14726:
14721:
14716:
14711:
14706:
14701:
14695:
14693:
14686:
14683:
14682:
14680:
14679:
14674:
14669:
14664:
14659:
14654:
14648:
14646:
14637:
14628:
14622:
14616:
14615:
14613:
14612:
14611:
14610:
14605:
14600:
14595:
14585:
14583:Swing producer
14580:
14575:
14570:
14565:
14560:
14555:
14554:
14553:
14548:
14538:
14533:
14528:
14527:
14526:
14521:
14513:
14507:
14505:
14501:
14500:
14498:
14497:
14492:
14487:
14482:
14477:
14472:
14467:
14462:
14457:
14455:Gulf of Mexico
14452:
14447:
14442:
14437:
14432:
14426:
14424:
14418:
14417:
14415:
14414:
14409:
14404:
14399:
14394:
14389:
14384:
14379:
14374:
14369:
14364:
14359:
14354:
14349:
14344:
14342:2010s oil glut
14339:
14334:
14329:
14327:1980s oil glut
14324:
14319:
14314:
14308:
14306:
14300:
14299:
14297:
14296:
14291:
14286:
14281:
14276:
14271:
14266:
14261:
14256:
14255:
14254:
14249:
14239:
14234:
14233:
14232:
14227:
14222:
14212:
14211:
14210:
14205:
14194:
14192:
14186:
14185:
14183:
14182:
14177:
14172:
14167:
14166:
14165:
14155:
14150:
14145:
14144:
14143:
14136:Drilling fluid
14133:
14128:
14123:
14122:
14121:
14111:
14106:
14105:
14104:
14094:
14088:
14086:
14080:
14079:
14077:
14076:
14074:Seismic source
14071:
14070:
14069:
14059:
14054:
14049:
14048:
14047:
14042:
14032:
14027:
14022:
14016:
14014:
14008:
14007:
14004:
14003:
14001:
14000:
13999:
13998:
13988:
13983:
13978:
13973:
13968:
13963:
13957:
13955:
13951:
13950:
13948:
13947:
13942:
13937:
13932:
13927:
13922:
13916:
13914:
13907:
13903:
13902:
13900:
13899:
13894:
13889:
13884:
13879:
13874:
13872:Japan Cocktail
13869:
13864:
13859:
13854:
13849:
13844:
13839:
13833:
13831:
13825:
13824:
13822:
13821:
13819:Primary energy
13816:
13810:
13807:
13806:
13799:
13798:
13791:
13784:
13776:
13767:
13766:
13764:
13763:
13758:
13753:
13748:
13743:
13738:
13733:
13728:
13723:
13718:
13713:
13708:
13703:
13698:
13693:
13688:
13683:
13678:
13672:
13667:
13662:
13657:
13652:
13645:
13643:
13639:
13638:
13636:
13635:
13632:hybrid vehicle
13629:
13623:Transportation
13620:
13615:
13614:
13613:
13608:
13598:
13593:
13587:
13582:
13577:
13571:
13566:
13561:
13556:
13550:
13548:
13542:
13541:
13539:
13538:
13532:
13527:
13522:
13517:
13511:
13506:
13501:
13496:
13490:
13483:
13481:
13475:
13474:
13467:
13465:
13463:
13462:
13456:
13451:
13446:
13441:
13436:
13431:
13426:
13421:
13416:
13410:
13405:
13403:Sustainability
13400:
13395:
13390:
13385:
13383:Green building
13380:
13375:
13370:
13365:
13360:
13355:
13350:
13348:Eco-innovation
13345:
13340:
13335:
13330:
13325:
13319:
13317:
13313:
13312:
13305:
13304:
13297:
13290:
13282:
13273:
13272:
13270:
13269:
13257:
13245:
13230:
13227:
13226:
13223:
13222:
13219:
13218:
13216:
13215:
13210:
13205:
13203:Muon-catalyzed
13200:
13195:
13189:
13187:
13183:
13182:
13180:
13179:
13174:
13169:
13164:
13163:
13162:
13152:
13143:
13141:
13135:
13134:
13132:
13131:
13126:
13121:
13116:
13111:
13106:
13100:
13098:
13092:
13091:
13085:
13082:
13081:
13067:
13066:
13064:
13063:
13058:
13057:
13056:
13051:
13040:
13038:
13034:
13033:
13030:
13029:
13027:
13026:
13021:
13016:
13011:
13010:
13009:
13004:
12999:
12994:
12989:
12984:
12979:
12974:
12969:
12964:
12959:
12954:
12943:
12941:
12935:
12934:
12932:
12931:
12926:
12921:
12916:
12911:
12906:
12901:
12896:
12894:Integral (IFR)
12891:
12885:
12879:
12868:
12865:
12864:
12861:
12860:
12857:
12856:
12854:
12853:
12848:
12843:
12838:
12833:
12828:
12822:
12820:
12811:
12805:
12804:
12801:
12800:
12798:
12797:
12796:
12795:
12790:
12789:
12788:
12783:
12778:
12773:
12758:
12753:
12752:
12751:
12740:
12738:
12732:
12731:
12729:
12728:
12723:
12718:
12709:
12707:
12703:
12695:
12689:
12688:
12685:
12684:
12682:
12681:
12676:
12671:
12666:
12660:
12658:
12653:
12645:
12638:
12624:
12621:
12620:
12617:
12616:
12614:
12613:
12612:
12611:
12606:
12601:
12596:
12585:
12583:
12579:
12574:
12573:
12571:
12570:
12564:
12562:
12556:
12555:
12553:
12552:
12547:
12542:
12541:
12540:
12535:
12524:
12522:
12517:
12512:
12511:
12509:
12508:
12507:
12506:
12501:
12496:
12491:
12486:
12485:
12484:
12479:
12474:
12464:
12459:
12458:
12457:
12452:
12449:
12446:
12443:
12429:
12427:
12422:
12414:
12399:
12398:
12396:
12395:
12390:
12389:
12388:
12385:
12380:
12375:
12374:
12373:
12368:
12358:
12353:
12348:
12343:
12338:
12333:
12328:
12323:
12313:
12308:
12307:
12306:
12301:
12296:
12291:
12281:
12275:
12273:
12267:
12266:
12258:
12257:
12254:
12253:
12239:
12238:
12226:
12225:
12222:
12221:
12219:
12218:
12213:
12211:Uranium mining
12208:
12203:
12198:
12193:
12187:
12185:
12181:
12180:
12177:
12176:
12174:
12173:
12168:
12167:
12166:
12161:
12151:
12146:
12141:
12136:
12131:
12126:
12120:
12118:
12114:
12113:
12111:
12110:
12105:
12104:
12103:
12093:
12088:
12087:
12086:
12084:Minor actinide
12081:
12076:
12065:
12063:
12056:
12050:
12049:
12046:
12045:
12043:
12042:
12037:
12032:
12027:
12026:
12025:
12020:
12010:
12004:
12002:
11998:
11997:
11995:
11994:
11993:
11992:
11982:
11977:
11976:
11975:
11970:
11960:
11955:
11950:
11949:
11948:
11938:
11933:
11928:
11923:
11918:
11912:
11910:
11903:
11897:
11896:
11894:
11893:
11888:
11883:
11878:
11872:
11870:
11864:
11863:
11860:
11859:
11857:
11856:
11851:
11846:
11841:
11836:
11831:
11826:
11821:
11815:
11813:
11807:
11806:
11804:
11803:
11798:
11793:
11788:
11783:
11781:Autoradiograph
11777:
11775:
11766:
11760:
11759:
11757:
11756:
11755:
11754:
11744:
11743:
11742:
11732:
11731:
11730:
11720:
11715:
11710:
11705:
11700:
11695:
11689:
11687:
11681:
11680:
11678:
11677:
11672:
11667:
11662:
11657:
11652:
11647:
11642:
11637:
11632:
11627:
11621:
11619:
11613:
11612:
11610:
11609:
11608:
11607:
11602:
11597:
11596:
11595:
11590:
11575:
11570:
11565:
11560:
11555:
11550:
11544:
11542:
11536:
11535:
11533:
11532:
11531:
11530:
11525:
11515:
11510:
11505:
11503:Atomic nucleus
11500:
11495:
11490:
11484:
11482:
11474:
11473:
11466:
11465:
11458:
11451:
11443:
11434:
11433:
11431:
11430:
11418:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11399:
11398:
11393:
11387:
11385:
11381:
11380:
11377:
11376:
11374:
11373:
11368:
11363:
11357:
11355:
11351:
11350:
11348:
11347:
11342:
11336:
11334:
11330:
11329:
11327:
11326:
11321:
11315:
11313:
11309:
11308:
11306:
11305:
11299:
11297:
11293:
11292:
11290:
11289:
11284:
11279:
11273:
11271:
11267:
11266:
11264:
11263:
11258:
11253:
11248:
11243:
11237:
11235:
11231:
11230:
11228:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11211:
11209:
11205:
11204:
11202:
11201:
11196:
11191:
11186:
11181:
11175:
11173:
11159:
11155:
11154:
11151:
11150:
11148:
11147:
11142:
11137:
11132:
11127:
11121:
11119:
11115:
11114:
11112:
11111:
11106:
11101:
11099:Feed-in tariff
11096:
11094:Cost by source
11090:
11088:
11084:
11083:
11081:
11080:
11079:
11078:
11068:
11063:
11057:
11055:
11048:
11042:
11041:
11038:
11037:
11035:
11034:
11028:
11026:
11022:
11021:
11019:
11018:
11013:
11008:
11006:United Kingdom
11003:
10998:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10978:
10973:
10968:
10963:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10938:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10876:Czech Republic
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10832:
10830:
10824:
10823:
10821:
10820:
10819:
10818:
10813:
10808:
10803:
10797:Space-related
10795:
10790:
10785:
10780:
10774:Solar chemical
10770:
10768:
10762:
10761:
10759:
10758:
10753:
10748:
10743:
10738:
10732:
10730:
10724:
10723:
10721:
10720:
10715:
10710:
10704:
10699:
10693:
10688:
10683:
10681:Floating solar
10678:
10672:
10670:
10662:
10661:
10659:
10658:
10653:
10648:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10627:
10625:
10616:
10610:
10609:
10590:
10588:
10586:
10585:
10580:
10574:
10572:
10568:
10567:
10565:
10564:
10559:
10554:
10548:
10545:
10544:
10537:
10536:
10529:
10522:
10514:
10505:
10504:
10502:
10501:
10496:
10491:
10483:
10471:
10459:
10444:
10441:
10440:
10438:
10437:
10432:
10427:
10422:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10385:Energy subsidy
10382:
10381:
10380:
10373:Energy storage
10370:
10365:
10360:
10355:
10350:
10344:
10342:
10338:
10337:
10335:
10334:
10329:
10324:
10322:Siemens Gamesa
10319:
10314:
10309:
10304:
10303:
10302:
10291:
10285:
10283:
10277:
10276:
10274:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10257:
10255:
10249:
10248:
10246:
10245:
10244:
10243:
10238:
10228:
10227:
10226:
10221:
10211:
10209:Unconventional
10206:
10201:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10174:Crosswind kite
10171:
10166:
10160:
10158:
10152:
10151:
10149:
10148:
10143:
10141:Offshore farms
10138:
10133:
10127:
10125:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10115:
10114:
10113:
10103:
10102:
10101:
10091:
10086:
10081:
10076:
10071:
10065:
10063:
10057:
10056:
10049:
10048:
10041:
10034:
10026:
10017:
10016:
10014:
10013:
10003:
9992:
9989:
9988:
9986:
9985:
9980:
9975:
9970:
9964:
9962:
9958:
9957:
9955:
9954:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9928:
9926:
9922:
9921:
9919:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9892:
9890:
9886:
9885:
9882:
9881:
9879:
9878:
9877:
9876:
9869:United Kingdom
9866:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9846:
9841:
9836:
9831:
9826:
9821:
9815:
9813:
9809:
9808:
9806:
9805:
9800:
9795:
9790:
9785:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9765:
9760:
9755:
9750:
9745:
9740:
9735:
9730:
9725:
9720:
9718:Czech Republic
9715:
9709:
9707:
9705:European Union
9698:
9694:
9693:
9691:
9690:
9685:
9680:
9675:
9670:
9665:
9660:
9655:
9650:
9645:
9640:
9635:
9630:
9625:
9620:
9615:
9609:
9607:
9601:
9600:
9598:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9556:
9554:
9548:
9547:
9540:
9539:
9532:
9525:
9517:
9508:
9507:
9505:
9504:
9492:
9480:
9468:
9455:
9452:
9451:
9449:
9448:
9443:
9441:Jevons paradox
9438:
9432:
9430:
9426:
9425:
9423:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9367:
9365:Energy storage
9362:
9357:
9356:
9355:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9334:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9312:
9310:
9302:
9301:
9299:
9298:
9297:
9296:
9291:
9281:
9280:
9279:
9274:
9264:
9263:
9262:
9257:
9247:
9242:
9241:
9240:
9235:
9225:
9224:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9203:
9198:
9197:
9196:
9191:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9169:Electric power
9166:
9160:
9158:
9150:
9149:
9147:
9146:
9141:
9136:
9131:
9130:
9129:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9099:
9098:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9077:
9071:
9069:
9067:Primary energy
9063:
9062:
9060:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9038:
9037:
9027:
9026:
9025:
9015:
9014:
9013:
9008:
8998:
8993:
8988:
8983:
8977:
8975:
8969:
8968:
8966:
8965:
8960:
8955:
8950:
8945:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8920:
8915:
8910:
8905:
8900:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8870:
8865:
8864:
8863:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8827:
8826:
8815:
8813:
8809:
8808:
8806:
8805:
8804:
8803:
8798:
8793:
8788:
8783:
8778:
8773:
8768:
8763:
8758:
8753:
8748:
8743:
8738:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8718:
8713:
8708:
8703:
8701:Entropic force
8698:
8691:Thermodynamics
8688:
8683:
8682:
8681:
8676:
8666:
8661:
8656:
8651:
8646:
8641:
8640:
8639:
8629:
8624:
8618:
8616:
8610:
8609:
8607:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8590:
8587:
8586:
8579:
8578:
8571:
8564:
8556:
8550:
8549:
8543:
8537:
8531:
8525:
8520:
8514:
8507:
8506:External links
8504:
8503:
8502:
8495:
8488:
8479:
8476:
8475:
8474:
8464:(8): 546–561.
8453:
8445:
8436:
8433:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8410:
8388:
8368:
8344:
8319:
8294:
8283:www.ucsusa.org
8270:
8263:
8227:
8203:
8179:
8155:
8146:
8134:
8120:
8100:
8086:
8066:
8054:(3): 695–698.
8024:
8005:
8002:on 2007-06-11.
7983:
7958:
7935:
7926:
7915:
7886:
7860:
7834:
7811:
7783:
7773:
7764:
7755:
7730:
7721:
7718:on 2010-09-22.
7699:
7647:
7622:
7609:
7591:
7578:
7553:
7538:. 2014-11-18.
7521:
7462:
7451:
7443:10.17226/12619
7423:
7394:
7326:
7323:on 2014-01-11.
7297:
7274:
7250:
7226:
7207:(2): 143–150.
7187:
7162:
7138:
7086:
7045:
7030:
7013:"Ocean Energy"
7004:
6963:
6942:(3): 299–312.
6926:
6921:978-0737709049
6920:
6902:
6883:
6862:
6852:
6827:
6824:on 1998-01-11.
6808:
6759:
6740:
6716:
6684:
6657:
6624:
6603:(3): 476–483.
6583:
6565:
6538:
6520:
6483:
6462:
6437:
6407:
6384:
6365:
6347:
6325:
6308:on 2011-09-05.
6278:
6252:
6205:
6186:
6171:
6146:
6115:
6084:
6045:
6006:
5967:
5928:
5889:
5851:
5827:
5804:
5748:
5718:
5688:
5658:
5648:. p. xv.
5633:
5615:
5592:
5559:
5526:
5523:on 2011-12-12.
5498:
5456:
5433:
5410:
5391:
5369:
5343:
5284:
5235:
5210:
5198:
5175:Conca, James.
5167:
5144:
5121:
5098:
5073:
5050:
5027:
4967:
4935:
4899:
4861:
4818:
4799:
4780:
4748:
4726:Sturgis, Sue.
4718:
4711:
4688:
4669:
4622:
4602:
4579:
4548:
4499:
4474:
4449:
4435:. 2013-06-07.
4420:
4395:
4367:
4332:
4313:
4294:
4264:
4255:
4233:
4230:on 2014-08-12.
4211:
4182:
4157:
4148:
4129:
4120:
4101:
4091:
4082:
4070:
4058:
4049:
4037:
4028:
4002:
3977:
3964:energyinst.org
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3790:
3776:
3762:
3746:
3743:
3686:
3683:
3651:Main article:
3648:
3645:
3635:. A low speed
3597:Main article:
3578:
3575:
3566:Main article:
3563:
3560:
3536:Main article:
3518:
3515:
3492:Main article:
3489:
3486:
3431:
3430:Nuclear energy
3428:
3334:
3331:
3323:Thermodynamics
3318:Thermodynamics
3316:Main article:
3313:
3312:Thermodynamics
3310:
3278:Infrastructure
3246:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:climate change
3217:
3214:Transportation
3211:
3205:
3191:
3177:
3163:
3149:
3139:
3125:
3120:
3090:
3084:thermodynamics
3072:
3069:
3031:
3028:
3011:space industry
2829:
2826:
2781:
2778:
2761:sustainability
2749:Main article:
2738:
2737:Sustainability
2735:
2731:Colin Campbell
2640:
2637:
2621:thermal energy
2573:kinetic energy
2532:Energy storage
2503:
2500:
2487:
2484:
2464:infrastructure
2410:Main article:
2396:
2393:
2351:
2348:
2319:
2316:
2296:transportation
2252:Main article:
2237:
2234:
2159:global warming
2151:Main article:
2148:
2145:
2132:marine mammals
2044:kinetic energy
2012:Main article:
2009:
2006:
1994:global warming
1969:times and for
1902:thermal energy
1879:Main article:
1876:
1873:
1865:European Union
1829:vegetable oils
1786:crops such as
1774:, mostly from
1692:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1675:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1652:
1649:
1636:sustainability
1558:
1557:
1523:
1521:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1387:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1341:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1314:
1291:United Kingdom
1277:. Most of the
1181:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1164:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1140:carbon dioxide
1137:greenhouse gas
1131:in Venezuela.
1086:
1083:
1003:
996:
995:
994:
993:
992:
975:Main article:
972:
969:
939:
936:
906:-survey, 2011)
882:Main article:
879:
876:
855:
852:
840:nuclear safety
821:
818:
798:greenhouse gas
628:naval reactors
604:is the use of
582:
575:
574:
573:
546:USS Enterprise
528:
521:
520:
519:
518:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
503:kilowatt hours
452:climate change
436:carbon dioxide
421:global warming
374:kinetic energy
350:, such as the
306:energy density
301:primary energy
220:
217:
167:
164:
68:
67:
48:
46:
39:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
15342:
15331:
15328:
15326:
15323:
15321:
15318:
15316:
15313:
15311:
15308:
15307:
15305:
15290:
15282:
15281:
15278:
15268:
15265:
15263:
15260:
15258:
15255:
15253:
15250:
15248:
15245:
15243:
15240:
15238:
15235:
15234:
15232:
15228:
15222:
15219:
15217:
15214:
15212:
15209:
15207:
15204:
15202:
15199:
15197:
15194:
15192:
15189:
15187:
15184:
15182:
15179:
15177:
15174:
15172:
15169:
15167:
15164:
15162:
15159:
15157:
15154:
15152:
15149:
15147:
15144:
15142:
15139:
15137:
15134:
15132:
15129:
15127:
15124:
15122:
15119:
15117:
15114:
15112:
15109:
15108:
15106:
15103:
15094:
15084:
15083:Valero Energy
15081:
15079:
15076:
15074:
15071:
15069:
15066:
15064:
15061:
15059:
15056:
15054:
15051:
15049:
15048:Suncor Energy
15046:
15044:
15041:
15039:
15036:
15034:
15031:
15029:
15026:
15024:
15021:
15019:
15016:
15014:
15011:
15009:
15006:
15004:
15001:
14999:
14996:
14994:
14991:
14989:
14986:
14984:
14981:
14979:
14976:
14974:
14971:
14969:
14966:
14964:
14961:
14959:
14956:
14954:
14951:
14950:
14948:
14944:
14938:
14935:
14933:
14930:
14928:
14925:
14923:
14920:
14918:
14915:
14913:
14910:
14908:
14905:
14904:
14902:
14900:
14896:
14890:
14887:
14885:
14882:
14880:
14877:
14875:
14872:
14870:
14867:
14865:
14862:
14860:
14857:
14855:
14852:
14850:
14847:
14845:
14842:
14840:
14837:
14835:
14832:
14830:
14827:
14825:
14822:
14820:
14817:
14815:
14812:
14810:
14807:
14805:
14802:
14800:
14797:
14795:
14792:
14790:
14787:
14785:
14782:
14780:
14777:
14775:
14772:
14770:
14767:
14765:
14762:
14760:
14757:
14755:
14752:
14750:
14747:
14745:
14742:
14740:
14737:
14735:
14732:
14730:
14727:
14725:
14722:
14720:
14717:
14715:
14712:
14710:
14707:
14705:
14702:
14700:
14697:
14696:
14694:
14691:
14684:
14678:
14677:TotalEnergies
14675:
14673:
14670:
14668:
14665:
14663:
14660:
14658:
14655:
14653:
14650:
14649:
14647:
14645:
14641:
14638:
14635:
14626:
14623:
14621:organisations
14619:Companies and
14617:
14609:
14606:
14604:
14601:
14599:
14596:
14594:
14591:
14590:
14589:
14586:
14584:
14581:
14579:
14576:
14574:
14571:
14569:
14566:
14564:
14561:
14559:
14558:Petrocurrency
14556:
14552:
14549:
14547:
14544:
14543:
14542:
14539:
14537:
14534:
14532:
14531:Oil shale gas
14529:
14525:
14522:
14520:
14517:
14516:
14514:
14512:
14511:Abbreviations
14509:
14508:
14506:
14502:
14496:
14493:
14491:
14488:
14486:
14483:
14481:
14478:
14476:
14473:
14471:
14470:Permian Basin
14468:
14466:
14463:
14461:
14458:
14456:
14453:
14451:
14448:
14446:
14443:
14441:
14438:
14436:
14433:
14431:
14428:
14427:
14425:
14419:
14413:
14410:
14408:
14407:United States
14405:
14403:
14400:
14398:
14395:
14393:
14390:
14388:
14385:
14383:
14380:
14378:
14375:
14373:
14370:
14368:
14367:Seven Sisters
14365:
14363:
14360:
14358:
14355:
14353:
14350:
14348:
14345:
14343:
14340:
14338:
14335:
14333:
14330:
14328:
14325:
14323:
14320:
14318:
14315:
14313:
14310:
14309:
14307:
14305:
14301:
14295:
14292:
14290:
14287:
14285:
14282:
14280:
14277:
14275:
14272:
14270:
14267:
14265:
14262:
14260:
14257:
14253:
14250:
14248:
14245:
14244:
14243:
14240:
14238:
14235:
14231:
14228:
14226:
14223:
14221:
14218:
14217:
14216:
14213:
14209:
14206:
14204:
14201:
14200:
14199:
14196:
14195:
14193:
14191:
14187:
14181:
14178:
14176:
14173:
14171:
14168:
14164:
14161:
14160:
14159:
14156:
14154:
14151:
14149:
14146:
14142:
14139:
14138:
14137:
14134:
14132:
14129:
14127:
14124:
14120:
14117:
14116:
14115:
14112:
14110:
14107:
14103:
14100:
14099:
14098:
14095:
14093:
14090:
14089:
14087:
14085:
14081:
14075:
14072:
14068:
14065:
14064:
14063:
14060:
14058:
14055:
14053:
14050:
14046:
14043:
14041:
14038:
14037:
14036:
14033:
14031:
14028:
14026:
14023:
14021:
14020:Core sampling
14018:
14017:
14015:
14013:
14009:
13997:
13994:
13993:
13992:
13989:
13987:
13984:
13982:
13979:
13977:
13974:
13972:
13969:
13967:
13964:
13962:
13959:
13958:
13956:
13952:
13946:
13943:
13941:
13938:
13936:
13933:
13931:
13928:
13926:
13923:
13921:
13918:
13917:
13915:
13911:
13908:
13904:
13898:
13895:
13893:
13890:
13888:
13885:
13883:
13880:
13878:
13875:
13873:
13870:
13868:
13865:
13863:
13860:
13858:
13857:Indian Basket
13855:
13853:
13850:
13848:
13845:
13843:
13840:
13838:
13835:
13834:
13832:
13830:
13826:
13820:
13817:
13815:
13812:
13811:
13808:
13804:
13797:
13792:
13790:
13785:
13783:
13778:
13777:
13774:
13762:
13759:
13757:
13754:
13752:
13749:
13747:
13744:
13742:
13739:
13737:
13734:
13732:
13729:
13727:
13724:
13722:
13719:
13717:
13714:
13712:
13709:
13707:
13704:
13702:
13699:
13697:
13694:
13692:
13689:
13687:
13684:
13682:
13679:
13676:
13675:New Classical
13673:
13671:
13668:
13666:
13663:
13661:
13658:
13656:
13653:
13651:
13647:
13646:
13644:
13640:
13633:
13630:
13628:
13624:
13621:
13619:
13616:
13612:
13609:
13607:
13604:
13603:
13602:
13599:
13597:
13594:
13591:
13588:
13586:
13583:
13581:
13578:
13576:
13572:
13570:
13567:
13565:
13562:
13560:
13557:
13555:
13552:
13551:
13549:
13547:
13543:
13536:
13533:
13531:
13528:
13526:
13523:
13521:
13518:
13516:
13512:
13510:
13507:
13505:
13502:
13500:
13497:
13494:
13491:
13489:
13485:
13484:
13482:
13480:
13476:
13471:
13460:
13457:
13455:
13452:
13450:
13449:refurbishment
13447:
13445:
13442:
13440:
13437:
13435:
13432:
13430:
13427:
13425:
13422:
13420:
13417:
13415:
13412:Sustainable (
13411:
13409:
13406:
13404:
13401:
13399:
13396:
13394:
13391:
13389:
13388:Green vehicle
13386:
13384:
13381:
13379:
13376:
13374:
13371:
13369:
13366:
13364:
13361:
13359:
13356:
13354:
13353:Ecotechnology
13351:
13349:
13346:
13344:
13341:
13339:
13336:
13334:
13331:
13329:
13326:
13324:
13321:
13320:
13318:
13314:
13310:
13303:
13298:
13296:
13291:
13289:
13284:
13283:
13280:
13268:
13267:
13258:
13256:
13255:
13246:
13244:
13243:
13232:
13231:
13228:
13214:
13211:
13209:
13206:
13204:
13201:
13199:
13196:
13194:
13191:
13190:
13188:
13184:
13178:
13175:
13173:
13170:
13168:
13165:
13161:
13160:electrostatic
13158:
13157:
13156:
13153:
13151:
13145:
13144:
13142:
13140:
13136:
13130:
13127:
13125:
13122:
13120:
13117:
13115:
13112:
13110:
13107:
13105:
13102:
13101:
13099:
13097:
13093:
13089:
13083:
13078:
13072:
13062:
13059:
13055:
13052:
13050:
13047:
13046:
13045:
13042:
13041:
13039:
13035:
13025:
13022:
13020:
13017:
13015:
13012:
13008:
13005:
13003:
13000:
12998:
12995:
12993:
12990:
12988:
12985:
12983:
12980:
12978:
12975:
12973:
12970:
12968:
12965:
12963:
12960:
12958:
12955:
12953:
12950:
12949:
12948:
12945:
12944:
12942:
12940:
12939:Generation IV
12936:
12930:
12927:
12925:
12922:
12920:
12917:
12915:
12912:
12910:
12907:
12905:
12902:
12900:
12897:
12895:
12892:
12890:
12889:Breeder (FBR)
12887:
12886:
12883:
12880:
12875:
12866:
12852:
12849:
12847:
12844:
12842:
12839:
12837:
12834:
12832:
12829:
12827:
12824:
12823:
12821:
12819:
12815:
12812:
12810:
12806:
12794:
12791:
12787:
12784:
12782:
12779:
12777:
12774:
12772:
12769:
12768:
12767:
12764:
12763:
12762:
12759:
12757:
12754:
12750:
12747:
12746:
12745:
12742:
12741:
12739:
12737:
12733:
12727:
12724:
12722:
12719:
12717:
12715:
12711:
12710:
12708:
12706:
12699:
12696:
12694:
12690:
12680:
12677:
12675:
12672:
12670:
12667:
12665:
12662:
12661:
12659:
12657:
12649:
12646:
12642:
12639:
12634:
12627:
12622:
12610:
12607:
12605:
12602:
12600:
12597:
12595:
12592:
12591:
12590:
12587:
12586:
12584:
12582:
12575:
12569:
12566:
12565:
12563:
12561:
12557:
12551:
12548:
12546:
12543:
12539:
12536:
12534:
12531:
12530:
12529:
12526:
12525:
12523:
12521:
12513:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12492:
12490:
12487:
12483:
12480:
12478:
12475:
12473:
12470:
12469:
12468:
12465:
12463:
12460:
12456:
12453:
12450:
12447:
12444:
12441:
12440:
12439:
12436:
12435:
12434:
12431:
12430:
12428:
12426:
12418:
12415:
12411:
12404:
12400:
12394:
12391:
12386:
12384:
12381:
12379:
12376:
12372:
12369:
12367:
12364:
12363:
12362:
12359:
12357:
12354:
12352:
12349:
12347:
12344:
12342:
12339:
12337:
12334:
12332:
12329:
12327:
12324:
12322:
12319:
12318:
12317:
12314:
12312:
12309:
12305:
12302:
12300:
12297:
12295:
12292:
12290:
12287:
12286:
12285:
12282:
12280:
12277:
12276:
12274:
12272:
12268:
12263:
12262:
12255:
12250:
12244:
12240:
12236:
12231:
12227:
12217:
12214:
12212:
12209:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12199:
12197:
12194:
12192:
12191:Nuclear power
12189:
12188:
12186:
12182:
12172:
12171:Transmutation
12169:
12165:
12162:
12160:
12157:
12156:
12155:
12152:
12150:
12147:
12145:
12142:
12140:
12137:
12135:
12132:
12130:
12127:
12125:
12122:
12121:
12119:
12115:
12109:
12106:
12102:
12099:
12098:
12097:
12094:
12092:
12089:
12085:
12082:
12080:
12077:
12075:
12072:
12071:
12070:
12067:
12066:
12064:
12060:
12057:
12055:
12051:
12041:
12038:
12036:
12033:
12031:
12028:
12024:
12021:
12019:
12016:
12015:
12014:
12011:
12009:
12006:
12005:
12003:
11999:
11991:
11988:
11987:
11986:
11983:
11981:
11978:
11974:
11971:
11969:
11968:high-altitude
11966:
11965:
11964:
11961:
11959:
11958:Proliferation
11956:
11954:
11951:
11947:
11944:
11943:
11942:
11939:
11937:
11934:
11932:
11929:
11927:
11924:
11922:
11919:
11917:
11914:
11913:
11911:
11907:
11904:
11902:
11898:
11892:
11889:
11887:
11884:
11882:
11879:
11877:
11874:
11873:
11871:
11869:
11865:
11855:
11852:
11850:
11847:
11845:
11844:Brachytherapy
11842:
11840:
11837:
11835:
11832:
11830:
11827:
11825:
11822:
11820:
11817:
11816:
11814:
11812:
11808:
11802:
11799:
11797:
11794:
11792:
11789:
11787:
11784:
11782:
11779:
11778:
11776:
11774:
11770:
11767:
11765:
11761:
11753:
11750:
11749:
11748:
11745:
11741:
11738:
11737:
11736:
11733:
11729:
11726:
11725:
11724:
11721:
11719:
11716:
11714:
11711:
11709:
11706:
11704:
11701:
11699:
11696:
11694:
11691:
11690:
11688:
11686:
11682:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11661:
11658:
11656:
11653:
11651:
11648:
11646:
11643:
11641:
11640:Cross section
11638:
11636:
11633:
11631:
11628:
11626:
11623:
11622:
11620:
11618:
11614:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11594:
11591:
11589:
11586:
11585:
11584:
11581:
11580:
11579:
11576:
11574:
11571:
11569:
11566:
11564:
11561:
11559:
11556:
11554:
11551:
11549:
11546:
11545:
11543:
11541:
11537:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11520:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11511:
11509:
11506:
11504:
11501:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11486:
11485:
11483:
11479:
11475:
11471:
11464:
11459:
11457:
11452:
11450:
11445:
11444:
11441:
11429:
11428:
11419:
11417:
11416:
11407:
11406:
11403:
11397:
11394:
11392:
11391:Photovoltaics
11389:
11388:
11386:
11382:
11372:
11369:
11367:
11364:
11362:
11359:
11358:
11356:
11354:Water heating
11352:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11337:
11335:
11331:
11325:
11322:
11320:
11317:
11316:
11314:
11310:
11304:
11301:
11300:
11298:
11294:
11288:
11285:
11283:
11282:Solar furnace
11280:
11278:
11275:
11274:
11272:
11268:
11262:
11259:
11257:
11254:
11252:
11249:
11247:
11244:
11242:
11239:
11238:
11236:
11232:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11212:
11210:
11206:
11200:
11197:
11195:
11192:
11190:
11187:
11185:
11182:
11180:
11177:
11176:
11174:
11172:
11167:
11163:
11160:
11156:
11146:
11143:
11141:
11140:Solar vehicle
11138:
11136:
11135:Solar balloon
11133:
11131:
11130:Electric boat
11128:
11126:
11123:
11122:
11120:
11116:
11110:
11107:
11105:
11102:
11100:
11097:
11095:
11092:
11091:
11089:
11085:
11077:
11074:
11073:
11072:
11069:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11058:
11056:
11052:
11049:
11043:
11033:
11030:
11029:
11027:
11023:
11017:
11014:
11012:
11011:United States
11009:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10994:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10834:
10833:
10831:
10829:
10825:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10801:Magnetic sail
10799:
10798:
10796:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10779:
10775:
10772:
10771:
10769:
10763:
10757:
10756:Solar tracker
10754:
10752:
10749:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10733:
10731:
10729:
10725:
10719:
10716:
10714:
10711:
10709:(solar panel)
10708:
10705:
10703:
10700:
10698:(and systems)
10697:
10694:
10692:
10689:
10687:
10684:
10682:
10679:
10677:
10674:
10673:
10671:
10667:
10666:Photovoltaics
10663:
10657:
10654:
10652:
10649:
10647:
10644:
10642:
10641:Solar chimney
10639:
10637:
10634:
10632:
10629:
10628:
10626:
10624:
10620:
10617:
10615:
10611:
10606:
10600:
10594:
10584:
10581:
10579:
10576:
10575:
10573:
10569:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10550:
10549:
10546:
10542:
10535:
10530:
10528:
10523:
10521:
10516:
10515:
10512:
10500:
10497:
10495:
10492:
10488:
10484:
10482:
10481:
10472:
10470:
10469:
10460:
10458:
10457:
10452:
10446:
10445:
10442:
10436:
10433:
10431:
10428:
10426:
10423:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10413:
10411:
10408:
10406:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10379:
10376:
10375:
10374:
10371:
10369:
10366:
10364:
10361:
10359:
10356:
10354:
10351:
10349:
10346:
10345:
10343:
10339:
10333:
10330:
10328:
10325:
10323:
10320:
10318:
10315:
10313:
10310:
10308:
10305:
10301:
10297:
10296:
10295:
10292:
10290:
10287:
10286:
10284:
10282:
10281:Manufacturers
10278:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10266:Manufacturers
10264:
10262:
10259:
10258:
10256:
10254:
10250:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10233:
10232:
10229:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10216:
10215:
10214:Vertical-axis
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10194:Pitch bearing
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10167:
10165:
10162:
10161:
10159:
10157:
10156:Wind turbines
10153:
10147:
10146:Onshore farms
10144:
10142:
10139:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10129:
10128:
10126:
10124:
10120:
10112:
10109:
10108:
10107:
10104:
10100:
10097:
10096:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10087:
10085:
10084:Land vehicles
10082:
10080:
10077:
10075:
10072:
10070:
10067:
10066:
10064:
10062:
10058:
10054:
10047:
10042:
10040:
10035:
10033:
10028:
10027:
10024:
10012:
10008:
10004:
10002:
9994:
9993:
9990:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9965:
9963:
9961:South America
9959:
9953:
9950:
9948:
9945:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9929:
9927:
9923:
9917:
9916:United States
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9893:
9891:
9889:North America
9887:
9875:
9872:
9871:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9845:
9842:
9840:
9837:
9835:
9832:
9830:
9827:
9825:
9822:
9820:
9817:
9816:
9814:
9810:
9804:
9801:
9799:
9796:
9794:
9791:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9744:
9741:
9739:
9736:
9734:
9731:
9729:
9726:
9724:
9721:
9719:
9716:
9714:
9711:
9710:
9708:
9706:
9702:
9699:
9695:
9689:
9686:
9684:
9681:
9679:
9676:
9674:
9671:
9669:
9666:
9664:
9661:
9659:
9656:
9654:
9651:
9649:
9646:
9644:
9641:
9639:
9636:
9634:
9631:
9629:
9626:
9624:
9621:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9610:
9608:
9606:
9602:
9596:
9593:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9557:
9555:
9553:
9549:
9545:
9538:
9533:
9531:
9526:
9524:
9519:
9518:
9515:
9503:
9502:
9493:
9491:
9490:
9485:
9481:
9479:
9478:
9469:
9467:
9466:
9457:
9456:
9453:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9439:
9437:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9427:
9421:
9420:United States
9418:
9416:
9415:South America
9413:
9411:
9408:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9373:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9354:
9351:
9350:
9349:
9348:Energy policy
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9318:
9317:
9314:
9313:
9311:
9309:
9303:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9286:
9285:
9282:
9278:
9275:
9273:
9272:Solar furnace
9270:
9269:
9268:
9265:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9252:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9230:
9229:
9228:Nuclear power
9226:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9186:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9161:
9159:
9155:
9154:Energy system
9151:
9145:
9142:
9140:
9137:
9135:
9132:
9128:
9125:
9124:
9123:
9120:
9118:
9115:
9113:
9110:
9108:
9107:Gravitational
9105:
9103:
9100:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9082:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9072:
9070:
9068:
9064:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9036:
9035:Hydrogen fuel
9033:
9032:
9031:
9028:
9024:
9021:
9020:
9019:
9016:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9003:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8992:
8989:
8987:
8984:
8982:
8979:
8978:
8976:
8974:
8970:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8951:
8949:
8946:
8944:
8941:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8924:
8921:
8919:
8916:
8914:
8911:
8909:
8906:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8894:
8891:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8862:
8859:
8858:
8857:
8856:Gravitational
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8810:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8792:
8789:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8726:Heat transfer
8724:
8722:
8721:Heat capacity
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
8694:
8693:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8674:Negative mass
8672:
8671:
8670:
8667:
8665:
8662:
8660:
8657:
8655:
8654:Energy system
8652:
8650:
8647:
8645:
8642:
8638:
8635:
8634:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8619:
8617:
8611:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8591:
8588:
8584:
8577:
8572:
8570:
8565:
8563:
8558:
8557:
8554:
8547:
8544:
8541:
8538:
8535:
8532:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8509:
8501:
8500:
8496:
8494:
8493:
8489:
8487:
8486:
8482:
8481:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8454:
8451:
8450:
8446:
8443:
8442:
8437:
8434:
8431:
8430:Nature Energy
8427:
8423:
8419:
8418:
8407:
8403:
8400:
8399:
8392:
8385:
8381:
8378:
8372:
8358:
8354:
8348:
8334:
8330:
8327:US EPA, OAR.
8323:
8308:
8304:
8298:
8284:
8280:
8274:
8266:
8260:
8256:
8252:
8248:
8244:
8240:
8239:
8231:
8217:
8213:
8212:"BiblioBoard"
8207:
8193:
8189:
8183:
8169:
8165:
8159:
8150:
8144:
8138:
8123:
8117:
8113:
8112:
8104:
8089:
8083:
8079:
8078:
8070:
8061:
8057:
8053:
8049:
8045:
8039:
8035:
8028:
8021:
8017:
8014:
8009:
8001:
7997:
7993:
7987:
7981:
7977:
7974:
7972:
7969:
7968:S.A.P.I.EN.S.
7962:
7956:
7952:
7949:
7945:
7939:
7930:
7924:
7919:
7905:on 2014-08-25
7904:
7900:
7896:
7890:
7883:
7879:
7876:
7872:
7869:
7864:
7857:
7853:
7850:
7846:
7843:
7838:
7831:
7827:
7823:
7820:
7815:
7804:
7800:
7793:
7787:
7777:
7768:
7759:
7745:on 2013-07-02
7744:
7740:
7734:
7725:
7717:
7713:
7709:
7703:
7695:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7677:
7673:
7669:
7665:
7658:
7651:
7637:on 2009-04-29
7636:
7632:
7626:
7619:
7613:
7606:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7588:
7582:
7567:
7563:
7557:
7541:
7537:
7536:
7531:
7525:
7517:
7513:
7509:
7505:
7501:
7497:
7493:
7489:
7485:
7481:
7477:
7473:
7466:
7458:
7454:
7448:
7444:
7440:
7436:
7435:
7427:
7416:
7412:
7411:Energy Policy
7405:
7398:
7387:
7383:
7379:
7375:
7371:
7367:
7363:
7359:
7355:
7351:
7347:
7340:
7336:
7330:
7319:
7315:
7308:
7305:IPCC (2011).
7301:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7278:
7264:
7260:
7254:
7240:
7236:
7230:
7222:
7218:
7214:
7210:
7206:
7202:
7198:
7191:
7176:
7172:
7166:
7152:
7148:
7142:
7134:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7106:
7102:
7101:Energy Policy
7098:
7090:
7082:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7065:(1): 012025.
7064:
7060:
7056:
7049:
7041:
7034:
7026:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7008:
7000:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6982:
6978:
6974:
6967:
6959:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6941:
6937:
6930:
6923:
6917:
6913:
6906:
6899:
6895:
6892:
6887:
6880:
6879:9781420075700
6876:
6873:, CRC Press,
6872:
6866:
6856:
6841:
6837:
6831:
6823:
6819:
6812:
6804:
6798:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6763:
6756:
6752:
6749:
6744:
6733:
6726:
6720:
6706:on 2012-05-30
6705:
6701:
6697:
6691:
6689:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6661:
6652:
6647:
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6602:
6598:
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6502:
6498:
6494:
6487:
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6474:
6469:
6467:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6444:
6442:
6425:
6421:
6417:
6411:
6403:
6399:
6395:
6388:
6381:
6377:
6374:
6369:
6363:
6359:
6356:
6351:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6329:
6321:
6315:
6304:
6297:
6293:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6266:
6262:
6256:
6237:
6233:
6229:
6222:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6210:
6202:
6198:
6195:
6190:
6182:
6175:
6168:
6167:
6162:
6158:
6155:
6150:
6136:on 2014-09-24
6135:
6131:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6101:
6094:
6088:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6059:Energy Policy
6056:
6049:
6041:
6037:
6033:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6010:
6002:
5998:
5994:
5990:
5987:: 1554–1562.
5986:
5982:
5978:
5971:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5939:
5932:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5904:
5900:
5893:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5855:
5841:
5837:
5831:
5823:
5819:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5794:
5790:
5783:
5777:
5770:
5766:
5759:
5752:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5722:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5692:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5662:
5651:
5644:
5637:
5622:
5618:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5603:
5596:
5577:
5570:
5563:
5548:on 2022-12-10
5546:
5541:
5537:
5530:
5522:
5518:
5514:
5507:
5505:
5503:
5495:
5491:
5488:
5479:
5472:
5471:
5463:
5461:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5437:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5414:
5406:
5402:
5395:
5387:
5383:
5382:The Economist
5379:
5373:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5350:
5348:
5339:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5311:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5288:
5280:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5239:
5225:on 2013-07-02
5224:
5220:
5214:
5207:
5202:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5171:
5163:
5159:
5155:
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5140:
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5087:
5083:
5077:
5069:
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5061:
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5023:
5019:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4978:
4971:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4939:
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4919:
4915:
4914:
4909:
4903:
4887:
4883:
4881:
4875:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4822:
4814:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4784:
4770:on 2013-08-26
4769:
4765:
4761:
4755:
4753:
4738:on 2010-04-18
4737:
4733:
4729:
4722:
4714:
4712:9780674065062
4708:
4704:
4703:
4698:
4692:
4685:
4681:
4678:
4673:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4633:
4626:
4619:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4598:
4594:
4593:Union-Tribune
4590:
4583:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4557:"Beyond ITER"
4552:
4546:
4540:
4534:
4520:on 2015-02-26
4516:
4509:
4503:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4464:on 2013-10-04
4463:
4459:
4453:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4384:
4380:
4379:"PRIS - Home"
4374:
4372:
4357:on 2012-11-18
4353:
4349:
4342:
4336:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4317:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4298:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4259:
4253:
4249:
4246:
4242:
4237:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4215:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4172:on 2007-10-21
4171:
4167:
4161:
4152:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4133:
4124:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4105:
4095:
4086:
4080:
4074:
4068:
4062:
4053:
4047:
4041:
4032:
4016:
4012:
4006:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3966:. 23 Jul 2023
3965:
3961:
3955:
3951:
3942:
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3934:
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3926:
3923:
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3889:
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3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3815:Energy policy
3813:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3777:
3774:
3768:
3763:
3760:
3759:Energy portal
3754:
3749:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3718:latent energy
3715:
3711:
3710:interseasonal
3706:
3704:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3637:water turbine
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3600:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3574:
3569:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3547:Wind turbines
3544:
3543:Wind turbines
3539:
3531:
3527:
3526:Wind turbines
3523:
3514:
3512:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3451:nuclear power
3448:
3441:
3440:steam turbine
3436:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3385:air pollution
3382:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3365:and chemical
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3344:
3339:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3251:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3156:petrochemical
3153:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3105:air pollution
3102:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:energy crises
2958:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2929:
2925:
2915:
2905:
2893:
2887:
2886:Nuclear fuels
2878:
2868:
2859:
2850:
2846:
2834:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2791:Brittle Power
2787:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2770:air pollution
2766:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2743:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2601:hydroelectric
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2561:gravitational
2558:
2554:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2483:
2482:, Australia.
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2468:CurrentEnergy
2465:
2461:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2445:space weather
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2405:
2401:
2392:
2390:
2386:
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2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2329:
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2315:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2247:
2242:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2067:wind turbines
2064:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2014:Marine energy
2005:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1971:space heating
1968:
1964:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1827:is made from
1826:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1776:carbohydrates
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1679:
1672:
1662:
1658:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1626:In 2011, the
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1606:passive solar
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1554:
1551:November 2022
1544:
1543:summary style
1540:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1524:This article
1522:
1513:
1512:
1506:
1491:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1457:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1434:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:United States
1264:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:United States
1233:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:wind turbines
1194:
1184:
1183:Global growth
1178:
1167:
1161:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:space heating
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1000:
988:
983:
978:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
943:South Korean
935:
932:
928:
925:
921:
916:
913:
905:
900:
894:
890:
885:
875:
873:
869:
865:
861:
851:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
830:Japan's 2011
827:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
792:
788:
783:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
752:
749:
745:
740:
737:
733:
732:air pollution
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
633:In 2013, the
631:
629:
625:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:Nuclear power
593:
589:
586:
579:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
547:
542:
541:
535:
534:
525:
506:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
364:is a form of
363:
359:
357:
353:
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343:
341:
337:
330:
326:
322:
317:
313:
311:
307:
302:
297:
295:
290:
288:
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280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
253:Fossil fuel (
250:
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238:
234:
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225:
216:
212:
210:
206:
202:
192:
187:
186:Energy policy
183:
179:
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163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
136:
132:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
90:
82:
74:
64:
52:
47:
38:
37:
33:
19:
15186:Schlumberger
15116:Baker Hughes
15008:Marathon Oil
14998:Imperial Oil
14993:Husky Energy
14983:Galp Energia
14973:Devon Energy
14859:Saudi Aramco
14839:Petrovietnam
14784:NNPC Limited
14688:National oil
14568:Petrofiction
14536:Orphan wells
14504:Other topics
14475:Persian Gulf
14402:Saudi Arabia
14372:Standard Oil
14180:Well logging
14057:Petrophysics
13751:Permaculture
13670:New Urbanism
13642:Conservation
13563:
13434:food systems
13419:architecture
13264:
13252:
13233:
13213:Pyroelectric
13167:Laser-driven
12947:Sodium (SFR)
12874:fast-neutron
12713:
12259:
12149:Reprocessing
12030:WMD treaties
11849:Radiosurgery
11819:Fast-neutron
11791:Scintigraphy
11425:
11413:
11340:Desalination
11333:Desalination
11312:Disinfection
11303:Solar cooker
11270:Process heat
11171:horticulture
11158:Applications
11118:Applications
11109:Net metering
11045:Distribution
10981:South Africa
10971:Saudi Arabia
10767:and proposed
10765:Experimental
10728:Concentrated
10656:Thermal mass
10541:Solar energy
10478:
10466:
10447:
10395:Hybrid power
10164:Aerodynamics
9937:Cook Islands
9595:South Africa
9499:
9487:
9475:
9463:
9352:
9245:Oil refinery
9189:Cogeneration
9122:Nuclear fuel
8928:Quintessence
8716:Free entropy
8649:Energy level
8613:Fundamental
8498:
8491:
8484:
8461:
8458:Technovation
8457:
8447:
8439:
8429:
8397:
8391:
8371:
8360:. Retrieved
8356:
8347:
8336:. Retrieved
8332:
8322:
8311:. Retrieved
8309:. 2012-11-20
8306:
8297:
8286:. Retrieved
8282:
8273:
8237:
8230:
8219:. Retrieved
8215:
8206:
8195:. Retrieved
8191:
8182:
8171:. Retrieved
8167:
8158:
8149:
8137:
8125:. Retrieved
8110:
8103:
8091:. Retrieved
8076:
8069:
8051:
8047:
8027:
8008:
8000:the original
7995:
7986:
7970:
7967:
7961:
7938:
7929:
7918:
7907:. Retrieved
7903:the original
7895:Andrew Grove
7889:
7882:The American
7881:
7878:Andrew Grove
7863:
7855:
7837:
7814:
7803:the original
7799:deloitte.com
7798:
7786:
7776:
7767:
7758:
7747:. Retrieved
7743:the original
7733:
7724:
7716:the original
7711:
7702:
7667:
7663:
7650:
7639:. Retrieved
7635:the original
7625:
7612:
7602:
7594:
7581:
7570:. Retrieved
7556:
7544:. Retrieved
7533:
7524:
7479:
7475:
7465:
7433:
7426:
7410:
7397:
7349:
7345:
7329:
7318:the original
7313:
7300:
7287:
7277:
7266:. Retrieved
7262:
7253:
7242:. Retrieved
7238:
7229:
7204:
7200:
7190:
7179:. Retrieved
7177:. 2019-12-20
7174:
7165:
7154:. Retrieved
7150:
7141:
7124:10362/159623
7104:
7100:
7089:
7062:
7058:
7048:
7039:
7033:
7017:SpringerLink
7016:
7007:
6980:
6976:
6966:
6939:
6935:
6929:
6911:
6905:
6886:
6870:
6865:
6855:
6844:. Retrieved
6830:
6822:the original
6811:
6797:cite journal
6775:(1): 25–32.
6772:
6768:
6762:
6743:
6719:
6708:. Retrieved
6704:the original
6670:
6666:
6660:
6641:
6637:
6627:
6600:
6597:Clean Energy
6596:
6586:
6568:
6557:the original
6523:
6496:
6486:
6452:
6428:. Retrieved
6419:
6410:
6397:
6387:
6368:
6350:
6338:The Guardian
6337:
6328:
6303:the original
6269:. Retrieved
6265:the original
6261:"Renewables"
6255:
6243:. Retrieved
6236:the original
6227:
6189:
6180:
6174:
6164:
6149:
6138:. Retrieved
6134:the original
6107:. Retrieved
6087:
6062:
6058:
6048:
6023:
6019:
6009:
5984:
5980:
5970:
5945:
5941:
5931:
5906:
5902:
5892:
5867:
5863:
5854:
5843:. Retrieved
5839:
5830:
5817:
5807:
5799:
5788:
5775:
5764:
5751:
5740:. Retrieved
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5705:the original
5700:
5691:
5679:. Retrieved
5670:
5661:
5636:
5625:. Retrieved
5601:
5595:
5583:. Retrieved
5576:the original
5562:
5552:12 September
5550:. Retrieved
5545:the original
5539:
5529:
5521:the original
5516:
5478:the original
5469:
5446:
5436:
5423:
5413:
5394:
5381:
5372:
5359:
5301:
5297:
5287:
5252:
5248:
5238:
5227:. Retrieved
5223:the original
5213:
5201:
5189:. Retrieved
5180:
5170:
5157:
5147:
5134:
5124:
5111:
5101:
5090:. Retrieved
5076:
5063:
5053:
5041:The Guardian
5040:
5030:
5021:
5017:
4987:
4983:
4970:
4959:. Retrieved
4948:
4938:
4922:. Retrieved
4911:
4902:
4892:15 September
4890:. Retrieved
4877:
4871:
4870:"Dr. MacKay
4864:
4831:
4827:
4821:
4802:
4783:
4772:. Retrieved
4768:the original
4763:
4740:. Retrieved
4736:the original
4721:
4701:
4691:
4672:
4630:
4625:
4617:
4605:
4592:
4582:
4569:. Retrieved
4565:the original
4560:
4551:
4544:
4522:. Retrieved
4515:the original
4502:
4491:. Retrieved
4477:
4466:. Retrieved
4462:the original
4452:
4441:. Retrieved
4433:Taipei Times
4432:
4423:
4412:. Retrieved
4408:the original
4398:
4387:. Retrieved
4381:. Iaea.org.
4359:. Retrieved
4352:the original
4335:
4316:
4297:
4285:. Retrieved
4267:
4258:
4240:
4236:
4228:the original
4223:
4214:
4203:. Retrieved
4199:the original
4185:
4174:. Retrieved
4170:the original
4160:
4151:
4132:
4123:
4104:
4094:
4085:
4073:
4061:
4052:
4040:
4031:
4019:. Retrieved
4014:
4011:"Flowcharts"
4005:
3993:. Retrieved
3989:
3980:
3968:. Retrieved
3963:
3954:
3891:Raw material
3707:
3688:
3667:power plants
3656:
3602:
3585:Building of
3571:
3556:
3551:aerodynamics
3541:
3509:
3504:photovoltaic
3471:
3445:
3421:
3407:boilers and
3379:
3371:incinerators
3348:
3321:
3274:transformers
3256:
3188:solar energy
3160:fossil fuels
3074:
3065:
3058:
3054:side effects
3033:
3008:
2980:fossil fuels
2974:transformed
2969:
2965:
2946:
2932:
2845:Liquid fuels
2821:
2804:Andrew Grove
2797:
2789:
2783:
2754:
2714:
2704:
2700:Solar System
2672:solar energy
2665:
2661:
2653:Scheldemolen
2652:
2625:Fossil fuels
2581:power to gas
2550:
2539:
2496:
2489:
2457:
2415:
2359:
2339:distribution
2332:
2318:Transmission
2313:
2308:twin pillars
2307:
2301:
2285:
2261:
2257:
2230:
2222:Amory Lovins
2207:
2203:
2184:
2156:
2104:
2075:
2052:
2039:
2030:, shifts in
2019:
2017:
1998:
1987:
1960:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1899:
1860:ethanol fuel
1856:
1845:hydrocarbons
1823:
1778:produced in
1772:fermentation
1762:
1706:
1695:ethanol fuel
1618:thermal mass
1584:to generate
1563:Solar energy
1561:
1548:
1525:
1505:Solar energy
1298:London Array
1261:Many of the
1260:
1254:, and 9% in
1225:
1215:wind farms.
1207:. There are
1191:
1133:
1117:
1107:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1010:
941:
917:
909:
857:
829:
784:
780:
753:
747:
743:
741:
702:include the
698:
663:
632:
626:, excluding
622:
600:
583:The Russian
566:
544:
539:
532:
496:
488:heavy metals
486:, and other
464:hydrocarbons
448:particulates
425:
413:fossil fuels
406:
382:fuel economy
360:
352:strip mining
344:
334:
325:drilling rig
298:
291:
287:carbon cycle
254:
252:
219:Fossil fuels
213:
197:
137:
133:
96:
95:
61:October 2020
58:
50:
15156:Halliburton
15028:Phillips 66
14849:QatarEnergy
14819:Petrobangla
14754:KazMunayGas
14644:Supermajors
14593:heavy crude
14480:Prudhoe Bay
14460:Niger Delta
14440:Caspian Sea
14203:Concessions
14153:Measurement
14119:Geosteering
14102:Squeeze job
14012:Exploration
13961:Consumption
13920:Consumption
13913:Natural gas
13842:Bonny Light
13686:Ecoforestry
13444:procurement
13429:development
13414:agriculture
13124:Stellarator
13088:confinement
12982:Superphénix
12809:Molten-salt
12761:VHTR (HTGR)
12538:HW BLWR 250
12504:R4 Marviken
12433:Pressurized
12403:Heavy water
12387:many others
12316:Pressurized
12271:Light water
11973:underground
11931:Disarmament
11839:Tomotherapy
11834:Proton-beam
11698:Power plant
11660:Temperature
11493:Engineering
11345:Solar still
11241:Daylighting
11179:Agrivoltaic
11166:Agriculture
10951:New Zealand
10946:Netherlands
10614:Solar power
9947:New Zealand
9854:Switzerland
9783:Netherlands
9673:Philippines
9613:Afghanistan
9501:WikiProject
9321:Agriculture
9250:Solar power
9216:Tidal power
9090:Natural gas
9080:Fossil fuel
9023:Latent heat
8991:Electricity
8534:IEA HPT TCP
8517:Energypedia
8422:M.V. Ramana
8168:www.msn.com
7670:(1): 1–18.
7564:. Philips.
6891:Green Power
6816:Nemzer, J.
6673:: 284–293.
6644:(5): 1823.
6271:22 November
6065:: 331–340.
3915:Downcycling
3895:Biomaterial
3665:from which
3659:agriculture
3605:ocean waves
3449:deals with
3381:Exhaust gas
3290:power lines
3282:substations
3224:environment
3180:Meteorology
3166:Agriculture
3136:compressors
3128:Engineering
3039:engineering
3017:, with the
2992:hydrocarbon
2990:(oil), and
2984:fertilizers
2976:agriculture
2867:Natural Gas
2617:Ice storage
2603:dam stores
2571:, etc.) or
2569:latent heat
2546:accumulator
2270:or natural
2210:Vaclav Smil
2194:solar power
2059:tidal power
2024:ocean waves
1967:Paleolithic
1963:hot springs
1906:temperature
1833:animal fats
1592:(including
1586:electricity
1582:solar power
1533:Solar power
1302:Gwynt y Môr
1144:fossil fuel
1093:The 22,500
1052:motor fuels
920:state-owned
808:(GtCO2-eq)
724:natural gas
614:electricity
329:natural gas
271:natural gas
263:hydrocarbon
245:Fossil fuel
205:solar power
113:fossil fuel
15304:Categories
15206:Transocean
15073:Tullow Oil
15063:TechnipFMC
14829:PetroChina
14667:ExxonMobil
14573:Shale band
14450:East Texas
14423:and fields
14237:Downstream
14190:Production
14097:Completion
14025:Geophysics
13966:Production
13925:Production
13862:Indonesian
13837:Argus Sour
13829:Benchmarks
13655:insulation
13648:Building (
13611:transition
13454:technology
13439:industries
13149:(acoustic)
12766:PBR (PBMR)
12154:Spent fuel
12144:Repository
12124:Fuel cycle
12091:Activation
11868:Processing
11735:Propulsion
11693:by country
11625:Activation
11287:Solar pond
11261:Solar Tuki
11256:Solar lamp
11251:Light tube
11189:Polytunnel
11184:Greenhouse
10828:By country
10806:Solar sail
10718:Solar cell
10646:Solar pond
10400:Laddermill
10353:Betz's law
10298:including
10231:Yaw system
10123:Wind farms
10074:By country
10061:Wind power
10053:Wind power
9901:Costa Rica
9773:Luxembourg
9648:Kazakhstan
9618:Bangladesh
9590:Seychelles
9284:Wind power
9206:Hydropower
9157:components
9112:Hydropower
9102:Geothermal
9052:Sound wave
8963:Zero-point
8893:Mechanical
8878:Ionization
8851:Electrical
8746:Negentropy
8627:Energetics
8362:2020-12-14
8338:2020-12-14
8313:2020-12-14
8288:2020-12-14
8255:10986/2388
8221:2020-12-10
8197:2020-12-10
8192:Energy.gov
8173:2021-12-08
7996:Resilience
7909:2010-07-20
7749:2008-01-06
7641:2010-07-16
7572:2007-12-24
7268:2024-02-27
7244:2024-02-27
7181:2024-03-12
7175:www.gov.ie
7156:2024-03-12
7107:: 113859.
6983:: 113491.
6900:. eweb.org
6846:2013-10-05
6838:. Bp.com.
6710:2011-08-31
6416:"Top News"
6140:2014-01-11
6109:2017-05-24
6026:: 106153.
5948:: 111935.
5909:: 118162.
5845:2024-02-04
5742:2011-03-08
5627:2006-11-10
5255:(5): 562.
5229:2013-06-22
5181:forbes.com
5092:2013-06-14
4961:2008-01-18
4924:2017-05-13
4774:2013-06-22
4742:2010-08-24
4571:5 February
4524:2015-06-04
4493:2013-06-14
4468:2013-06-14
4443:2013-06-14
4414:2008-06-21
4389:2013-06-14
4361:2012-12-17
4287:18 January
4205:2008-01-19
4176:2008-01-18
4017:. Jul 2023
3947:References
3800:Technology
3703:waste heat
3690:Heat pumps
3679:fuel cells
3599:Hydropower
3577:Hydropower
3562:Geothermal
3538:Wind power
3517:Wind power
3359:Combustion
3266:generators
3202:hydropower
3146:geothermal
3117:fuel cells
3101:combustion
2996:irrigation
2988:pesticides
2953:strategies
2818:smart grid
2780:Resilience
2713:published
2686:above the
2480:Queensland
2472:California
2449:solar wind
2426:distribute
2354:See also:
2343:fuel cells
2335:technology
2198:hydropower
2190:wind power
2055:wave power
1926:geothermal
1875:Geothermal
1764:Bioethanol
1754:oil prices
1729:microalgae
1699:California
1527:duplicates
1313:Wind farm
1234:, and the
1205:wind farms
1193:Wind power
1125:Itaipu Dam
1123:in China,
1113:hydropower
802:gigatonnes
728:hydropower
540:Long Beach
533:Bainbridge
499:coal plant
497:A typical
432:combustion
398:combustion
358:for coal.
321:horizontal
201:wind power
176:See also:
150:, and the
15201:TC Energy
15102:companies
14932:Trafigura
14879:Sonatrach
14824:Petrobras
14814:Pertamina
14724:Ecopetrol
14690:companies
14634:companies
14632:petroleum
14608:tight oil
14603:oil shale
14598:oil sands
14578:Shale gas
14519:sweet oil
14490:Venezuela
14465:North Sea
14421:Provinces
14412:Venezuela
14259:Midstream
13954:Petroleum
13814:Petroleum
13756:Recycling
13479:Pollution
13459:transport
13119:Spheromak
12818:Fluorides
12482:IPHWR-700
12477:IPHWR-540
12472:IPHWR-220
12261:Moderator
11941:Explosion
11916:Arms race
11703:Economics
11655:Reflector
11650:Radiation
11645:Generator
11600:Plutonium
11553:Deuterium
11518:Radiation
11488:Chemistry
11194:Row cover
10926:Lithuania
10846:Australia
10741:Heliostat
9968:Argentina
9932:Australia
9768:Lithuania
9668:Palestine
9643:Indonesia
9395:Australia
9331:Transport
9326:Computing
9294:Wind farm
9221:Wave farm
9095:Petroleum
9075:Bioenergy
9047:Radiation
8986:Capacitor
8908:Potential
7694:157313814
7512:206529026
7335:S. Pacala
7221:2631-5548
7133:0301-4215
7081:1755-1307
6999:1364-0321
6944:CiteSeerX
6619:2515-396X
6079:0301-4215
6040:0140-9883
6001:0960-1481
5962:1364-0321
5923:0360-5442
5884:0960-1481
5732:Bloomberg
5585:2 October
5424:Bloomberg
5279:2190-5444
5022:immediate
5012:110522982
3911:Upcycling
3907:Recycling
3887:Feedstock
3735:heat pump
3653:Bioenergy
3647:Bioenergy
3629:hydrology
3625:waterways
3532:grassland
3469:science.
3467:radiation
3375:pollution
3351:chemistry
3280:involves
3198:Waterways
3142:Geography
3093:Chemistry
2943:scenarios
2696:supernova
2609:reservoir
2441:brownouts
2437:blackouts
2365:petroleum
2292:buildings
2272:skylights
2124:barnacles
2002:subsidies
1979:megawatts
1825:Biodiesel
1800:feedstock
1792:sugarcane
1723:occur in
1678:biodiesel
1640:pollution
1638:, reduce
1576:from the
1250:, 14% in
1246:, 16% in
1242:, 18% in
1044:hot water
945:APR-1400s
924:regulated
854:Fukushima
748:immediate
720:petroleum
690:Opponents
428:pollution
310:batteries
267:petroleum
105:renewable
15289:Category
15196:Subsea 7
15176:Petrofac
15171:NOV Inc.
15151:GE Power
15146:Enbridge
15100:services
14922:Mercuria
14912:Glencore
14874:Sonangol
14834:Petronas
14769:Naftogaz
14541:Peak oil
14524:sour oil
14279:Upstream
14274:Refining
14269:Pipeline
14225:Pumpjack
14220:Gas lift
14141:invasion
14084:Drilling
13971:Reserves
13930:Reserves
13254:Category
13208:Polywell
13139:Inertial
13096:Magnetic
12851:TMSR-LF1
12846:TMSR-500
12826:Fuji MSR
12786:THTR-300
12626:Graphite
12489:PHWR KWU
12455:ACR-1000
12383:IPWR-900
12366:ACPR1000
12361:HPR-1000
12351:CPR-1000
12326:APR-1400
12117:Disposal
12069:Actinide
12062:Products
11921:Delivery
11764:Medicine
11593:depleted
11588:enriched
11558:Helium-3
11523:ionizing
11415:Category
11384:See also
11234:Lighting
11208:Building
11087:Adoption
11076:seasonal
11047:and uses
10991:Thailand
10961:Portugal
10956:Pakistan
10571:Concepts
10562:Timeline
10468:Category
10341:Concepts
10307:Goldwind
10271:Software
10224:Darrieus
10219:Savonius
10184:Floating
10169:Airborne
10111:panemone
10106:Windmill
10094:Turbines
10089:Offshore
10001:Category
9983:Colombia
9906:Honduras
9874:Scotland
9793:Portugal
9683:Thailand
9663:Pakistan
9653:Malaysia
9570:Ethiopia
9465:Category
9030:Hydrogen
8996:Enthalpy
8898:Negative
8888:Magnetic
8873:Internal
8831:Chemical
8696:Enthalpy
8615:concepts
8528:IEA-ECES
8478:Journals
8402:Archived
8380:Archived
8016:Archived
7976:Archived
7951:Archived
7942:Source:
7871:Archived
7845:Archived
7822:Archived
7601:(2007).
7566:Archived
7540:Archived
7516:Archived
7504:20829473
7457:Archived
7415:Archived
7386:Archived
7374:15310891
7292:Archived
7019:. 2009.
6894:Archived
6840:Archived
6751:Archived
6732:Archived
6730:. 2011.
6638:Energies
6574:"Energy"
6531:Archived
6509:cite web
6501:Archived
6476:Archived
6457:Archived
6424:Archived
6402:Archived
6376:Archived
6358:Archived
6342:Archived
6314:cite web
6294:(2011).
6245:8 August
6197:Archived
6157:Archived
6100:Archived
5822:Archived
5793:Archived
5769:Archived
5736:Archived
5675:Archived
5650:Archived
5621:Archived
5609:. 2003.
5490:Archived
5451:Archived
5428:Archived
5405:Archived
5386:Archived
5364:Archived
5338:23495839
5185:Archived
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4699:(2012).
4680:Archived
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588:NS Yamal
565:formula
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543:and the
331:in Texas
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14864:Sinopec
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14729:Equinor
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1930:γη (ge)
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7806:(PDF)
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