304:—a cynic and drunkard. Though Grantaire has previously scoffed at republican ideology, he declares himself a republican and asks Enjolras for permission to die with him. Enjolras had previously despised Grantaire for his skepticism (and, to a lesser extent, his drunkenness). Despite that, Enjolras welcomes Grantaire in sharing his martyr-like death. The two die hand in hand in the same volley, Enjolras pinned to the wall, standing, and Grantaire lying at his feet.
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266:, a popular critic of the monarchy. Enjolras takes command of a barricade they construct in the Rue de la Chanvrerie, overseeing its fortification and defense. Shortly following this, a test of leadership arises: the murder of a local householder by Le Cabuc, an insurrectionary at the barricade, leads Enjolras to execute Le Cabuc, though he deplores the act and declares that "n the future no man shall slay his fellow."
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Following this, aware that he and all those others who remain will die, he delivers a vast speech envisioning the future made possible by their sacrifice: a future filled with liberty, equality, brotherhood and peace. "he hours in which we live... is a gloomy hour, but of such is the terrible price of the future," he says; "h! the human race shall be delivered, uplifted, and consoled! We affirm it on this barricade."
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An extensive assault on the barricade results in the deaths of almost all of its defenders. Enjolras is cornered by
Guardsmen in a nearby tavern and throws aside his weapon, prepared to be shot. He welcomes the execution, as it will have meant he died for his cause. He is joined in his last moments
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Late in the novel, Enjolras "come to accept... the transformation of the great French
Republic into the immense human republic", and speaks of a "revolution of the True" that will "light up the whole human race." In the same speech, he seems to draw a religious parallel, declaring the barricades of
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By daybreak on 6 June, Enjolras comes to understand that the uprising has failed, and the barricade has been abandoned. The revolutionaries agree to defend it nevertheless; however, Enjolras argues that it is unnecessary for all to die, and insists that some few men escape disguised as
Guardsmen.
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Though he embraces violence as a necessary means of revolution, Enjolras also abhors it: upon executing a member of the insurrectionary mob (Le Cabuc) who has murdered a householder, he declares that while "what did is horrible... what has done is terrible... I have judged myself also, and you
255:), a group of radical French republican students. In the original French, the name of the group is a pun: "ABC" is homophonous with "abaissé", the "abased people". Thus Hugo writes that the society had "as its aim, in appearance the education of children; in reality, the elevation of men".
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and
Enjolras as being much closer friends than they are in the novel. Though many of the events at the barricade feature in the musical, Enjolras is often shown as dying while raising the red flag atop the barricade, a conflation of his death with the death of Mabeuf. In the
277:; when Enjolras calls for volunteers to raise the flag, an elderly bibliophile called Mabeuf undertakes the task and is killed in the process. Enjolras, moved by his courage, takes the bullet-torn coat from his body and raises it as the barricade's new flag.
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wild". He is said to have the appearance of "long fair lashes, blue eyes, hair flying in the wind, rosy cheeks, pure lips, and exquisite teeth".
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with more free and equal rights for the poor, weak, sick, needy, disabled and oppressed masses, ultimately dying for his beliefs in the
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to be a place where "day embraces night, and says: I will die with thee and thou shalt be born again with me."
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shall soon see to what I have sentenced myself." "Death," he says, "I use thee, but I hate thee."
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Hugo, Victor. Les Misérables (English language) (p. 642). Everyman's
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identifies one of the barricade's defenders as the police spy
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On 5 June 1832, the
Friends of the ABC become involved in the
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Les Misérables: Highlights from the Motion
Picture Soundtrack
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Trans. Charles
Wilbour. New York: Modern Library, 1992.
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and its adaptations. For the French racing driver, see
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This article is about a character in the 1862 novel
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