172:. Spiral enteroscopy is a novel technique that utilizes an overtube with raised spirals affixed on the enteroscope that is rotated to advance the enteroscope deep into the small bowel. Each of these 3 enteroscopy platforms offers similar accuracy and effectiveness but do not have widespread availability.
159:
has proven to be the endoscopic investigation of choice for visualization of the entire small bowel. An 11 x 26 mm pill sized video camera is swallowed by the patient and approximately 8 hours of video is transmitted wirelessly to a receiver worn by the patient. The procedure is painless, well
135:
regions of the small bowel. With the advent of the newer forms of enteroscopy, such as the double-balloon type, visualizing the entire tract is finally a practical reality in at least some cases, although it is still technically demanding.
152:. This technique is referred to as push enteroscopy. Due to the length of the small bowel, averaging 4–6 meters in the adult, push enteroscopy is still not effective to adequately visualize large portions of the small intestine.
147:
in the hands of experienced endoscopists but are limited due to the length of the instrument. Pediatric colonoscopes or sometimes dedicated enteroscopes which are much longer than standard gastroscopes can visualize the proximal
167:
Newer techniques, including single and double-balloon endoscopy have been developed to overcome some of these issues, but are limited by the length of the procedure, and the need for deep sedation or general
351:
298:
Upchurch BR, Sanaka MR, Lopez AR, Vargo JJ (June 2010). "The clinical utility of single-balloon enteroscopy: a single-center experience of 172 procedures".
93:
1252:
1374:
1023:
984:
111:
As the small bowel can often be a source of pathology, endoscopy of the small bowel can be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic technique.
1049:
627:
387:
1054:
344:
790:
947:
132:
502:
337:
1300:
551:
989:
1558:
1247:
1242:
1440:
780:
487:
438:
869:
613:
461:
329:
1317:
1135:
854:
681:
558:
378:
1044:
879:
423:
1328:
952:
874:
742:
601:
140:
112:
88:
83:
64:
1140:
930:
844:
752:
671:
443:
433:
1234:
1089:
747:
428:
370:
1293:
1183:
1099:
724:
482:
160:
accepted by patients and offers a very high accuracy. It is limited by the inability to obtain
1213:
1028:
492:
361:
1188:
1118:
974:
568:
529:
1491:
1257:
785:
8:
1160:
1084:
979:
884:
859:
775:
770:
714:
509:
127:, require other methods. Visualization of the small bowel has long posed a challenge to
115:, also called upper endoscopy, gets as far as the first segment of the small bowel, the
1563:
1286:
654:
497:
1478:
1384:
1366:
1220:
1104:
1066:
912:
822:
644:
536:
477:
315:
280:
245:
205:
156:
103:
1224:
1061:
467:
307:
272:
237:
128:
71:, which is large bowel endoscopy. Various types of enteroscopy exist, as follows:
1506:
1262:
1039:
1035:
1018:
1013:
800:
696:
686:
661:
649:
636:
588:
53:
44:
1267:
1094:
957:
902:
608:
578:
472:
413:
396:
276:
241:
59:
311:
263:
Akerman PA, Cantero D (July 2009). "Spiral enteroscopy and push enteroscopy".
67:
it is conventionally restricted to small bowel endoscopy, in distinction from
1552:
1412:
1346:
1178:
907:
837:
573:
408:
359:
1501:
1458:
1453:
1425:
1402:
1397:
1155:
969:
864:
849:
704:
319:
284:
249:
209:
1511:
1496:
1486:
1474:
1420:
1356:
1351:
1341:
1145:
1001:
964:
832:
812:
676:
563:
546:
524:
514:
418:
68:
1532:
1463:
1448:
1430:
1392:
1208:
1150:
1127:
894:
762:
541:
519:
169:
75:
1527:
1309:
1005:
808:
719:
709:
666:
596:
400:
78:
48:
40:
1537:
1361:
1076:
817:
144:
116:
453:
228:
Upchurch BR, Vargo JJ (July 2009). "Single-balloon enteroscopy".
149:
120:
1170:
734:
161:
939:
124:
1278:
51:, the word could potentially refer to any bowel endoscopy (
196:
Upchurch BR, Vargo JJ (2008). "Small bowel enteroscopy".
297:
164:, and is therefore considered a purely diagnostic tool.
131:, due to the physical difficulty of reaching more
1550:
143:can generally visualize the proximal and distal
1375:Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
262:
1294:
985:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
386:
345:
227:
195:
223:
221:
219:
191:
189:
187:
185:
1301:
1287:
635:
352:
338:
1126:
216:
182:
791:Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
30:direct visualization of the small bowel.
948:Artificial extracorporeal liver support
1551:
1282:
333:
503:Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
43:for the direct visualization of the
552:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
360:Tests and procedures involving the
13:
990:Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
16:Medical imaging of the small bowel
14:
1575:
265:Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am
230:Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am
781:Lateral internal sphincterotomy
488:Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
439:Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
291:
256:
1:
1308:
870:Lower gastrointestinal series
614:Upper gastrointestinal series
175:
39:is the procedure of using an
1136:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
855:Double-contrast barium enema
682:Partial ileal bypass surgery
559:Esophagogastric dissociation
7:
953:Bioartificial liver devices
880:Transrectal ultrasonography
10:
1580:
1441:Female reproductive system
1329:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
875:Small-bowel follow-through
743:Abdominoperineal resection
602:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
277:10.1016/j.giec.2009.04.001
242:10.1016/j.giec.2009.04.010
113:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
89:Single-balloon enteroscopy
84:Double-balloon enteroscopy
1520:
1472:
1439:
1411:
1383:
1316:
1235:Clinical prediction rules
1233:
1201:
1169:
1141:Intraperitoneal injection
1117:
1075:
1000:
938:
929:
893:
845:Abdominal ultrasonography
799:
761:
753:Total mesorectal excision
733:
695:
672:Intestine transplantation
626:
587:
462:Sengstaken–Blakemore tube
452:
444:High resolution manometry
434:Esophageal motility study
395:
377:
368:
312:10.1016/j.gie.2010.01.012
26:
21:
1559:Digestive system imaging
1090:Pancreas transplantation
748:Lower anterior resection
429:Esophageal pH monitoring
371:Digestive system surgery
198:Rev Gastroenterol Disord
119:, but the next two, the
1184:Inguinal hernia surgery
1100:Pancreaticoduodenectomy
483:Adjustable gastric band
424:Impedance–pH monitoring
1318:Gastrointestinal tract
1214:Exploratory laparotomy
1029:Hepatoportoenterostomy
493:Gastric bypass surgery
362:human digestive system
1189:Femoral hernia repair
975:Liver transplantation
569:Nissen fundoplication
1492:Laparoscopic surgery
786:Rubber band ligation
725:Hartmann's operation
300:Gastrointest. Endosc
1161:Peritoneal dialysis
980:Portal hypertension
885:Virtual colonoscopy
860:Endoanal ultrasound
776:Anorectal manometry
771:Anal sphincterotomy
715:Colonic polypectomy
510:Collis gastroplasty
129:gastroenterologists
100:Wireless endoscopy
655:Jejunoileal bypass
498:Sleeve gastrectomy
94:Spiral enteroscopy
1546:
1545:
1385:Respiratory tract
1367:Capsule endoscopy
1276:
1275:
1221:Rapid urease test
1197:
1196:
1113:
1112:
1105:Puestow procedure
1067:Cholescintigraphy
925:
924:
921:
920:
913:Stool guaiac test
823:Capsule endoscopy
645:Bariatric surgery
622:
621:
537:Gastroenterostomy
478:Bariatric surgery
157:capsule endoscopy
104:Capsule endoscopy
34:
33:
1571:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1280:
1279:
1258:Child–Pugh score
1225:Urea breath test
1124:
1123:
1085:Frey's procedure
1062:Cholecystography
936:
935:
633:
632:
468:Nasogastric tube
393:
392:
384:
383:
354:
347:
340:
331:
330:
324:
323:
295:
289:
288:
260:
254:
253:
225:
214:
213:
193:
19:
18:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1516:
1507:Mediastinoscopy
1468:
1435:
1407:
1379:
1312:
1307:
1277:
1272:
1263:Ranson criteria
1229:
1193:
1165:
1109:
1071:
1040:Cholangiography
1036:Medical imaging
1019:Cholecystostomy
1014:Cholecystectomy
996:
917:
889:
801:Medical imaging
795:
757:
729:
691:
687:Strictureplasty
662:Bowel resection
650:Duodenal switch
618:
589:Medical imaging
583:
448:
379:Digestive tract
373:
364:
358:
328:
327:
296:
292:
261:
257:
226:
217:
194:
183:
178:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1577:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1483:
1481:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1268:Milan criteria
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1121:
1119:Abdominopelvic
1115:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1095:Pancreatectomy
1092:
1087:
1081:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
998:
997:
995:
994:
993:
992:
987:
977:
972:
967:
962:
961:
960:
958:Liver dialysis
955:
944:
942:
933:
927:
926:
923:
922:
919:
918:
916:
915:
910:
905:
903:Fecal fat test
899:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
841:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
805:
803:
797:
796:
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
767:
765:
759:
758:
756:
755:
750:
745:
739:
737:
731:
730:
728:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
701:
699:
693:
692:
690:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
658:
657:
652:
641:
639:
630:
628:Lower GI tract
624:
623:
620:
619:
617:
616:
611:
609:Barium swallow
606:
605:
604:
593:
591:
585:
584:
582:
581:
579:Schilling test
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
555:
554:
544:
539:
534:
533:
532:
527:
522:
512:
507:
506:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
475:
473:Gastric lavage
470:
465:
458:
456:
450:
449:
447:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
414:Heller myotomy
411:
405:
403:
390:
388:Upper GI tract
381:
375:
374:
369:
366:
365:
357:
356:
349:
342:
334:
326:
325:
306:(7): 1218–23.
290:
255:
215:
180:
179:
177:
174:
109:
108:
107:
106:
98:
97:
96:
91:
86:
49:Etymologically
32:
31:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1576:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1413:Urinary tract
1410:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1347:Sigmoidoscopy
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1179:Hernia repair
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
949:
946:
945:
943:
941:
937:
934:
932:
928:
914:
911:
909:
908:Fecal pH test
906:
904:
901:
900:
898:
896:
892:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
839:
838:Sigmoidoscopy
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
810:
807:
806:
804:
802:
798:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
768:
766:
764:
760:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
738:
736:
732:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
702:
700:
698:
694:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
646:
643:
642:
640:
638:
634:
631:
629:
625:
615:
612:
610:
607:
603:
600:
599:
598:
595:
594:
592:
590:
586:
580:
577:
575:
574:Pyloromyotomy
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
553:
550:
549:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
517:
516:
513:
511:
508:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
463:
460:
459:
457:
455:
451:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
409:Esophagectomy
407:
406:
404:
402:
398:
394:
391:
389:
385:
382:
380:
376:
372:
367:
363:
355:
350:
348:
343:
341:
336:
335:
332:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
294:
286:
282:
278:
274:
271:(3): 357–69.
270:
266:
259:
251:
247:
243:
239:
236:(3): 335–47.
235:
231:
224:
222:
220:
211:
207:
204:(3): 169–77.
203:
199:
192:
190:
188:
186:
181:
173:
171:
165:
163:
158:
153:
151:
146:
142:
137:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
105:
102:
101:
99:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
81:
80:
77:
74:
73:
72:
70:
66:
65:idiomatically
62:
61:
56:
55:
50:
46:
42:
38:
29:
25:
20:
1502:Thoracoscopy
1459:Falloposcopy
1454:Hysteroscopy
1426:Ureteroscopy
1403:Bronchoscopy
1398:Laryngoscopy
1336:
1156:Paracentesis
970:Liver biopsy
865:Enteroclysis
850:Defecography
827:
705:Appendectomy
303:
299:
293:
268:
264:
258:
233:
229:
201:
197:
166:
154:
141:gastroscopes
139:Traditional
138:
110:
58:
52:
36:
35:
1512:Coelioscopy
1497:Arthroscopy
1487:Laparoscopy
1421:Nephroscopy
1373:Accessory:
1357:Proctoscopy
1352:Pouchoscopy
1342:Colonoscopy
1337:Enteroscopy
1146:Laparoscopy
1002:Gallbladder
965:Hepatectomy
895:Stool tests
833:Proctoscopy
828:Enteroscopy
813:Colonoscopy
697:Large bowel
677:Jejunostomy
637:Small bowel
564:Hill repair
547:Gastrostomy
525:Billroth II
515:Gastrectomy
419:Sialography
79:enteroscopy
69:colonoscopy
45:small bowel
37:Enteroscopy
22:Enteroscopy
1553:Categories
1533:Angioscopy
1464:Culdoscopy
1449:Colposcopy
1431:Cystoscopy
1393:Rhinoscopy
1209:Laparotomy
1151:Omentopexy
1128:Peritoneum
763:Anal canal
542:Gastropexy
520:Billroth I
176:References
170:anesthesia
76:Video chip
1564:Endoscopy
1528:Fetoscopy
1310:Endoscopy
1006:bile duct
931:Accessory
809:Endoscopy
720:Colostomy
710:Colectomy
667:Ileostomy
597:Endoscopy
530:Roux-en-Y
401:Esophagus
155:Wireless
41:endoscope
1538:Otoscopy
1479:incision
1362:Anoscopy
1077:Pancreas
818:Anoscopy
320:20409544
285:19647645
250:19647643
210:18957924
162:biopsies
145:duodenum
117:duodenum
1473:Closed
1335:Lower:
454:Stomach
150:jejunum
121:jejunum
63:), but
54:entero-
27:Purpose
1475:cavity
1325:Upper:
1171:Hernia
735:Rectum
318:
283:
248:
208:
133:distal
60:-scopy
1521:Other
1253:UKELD
1202:Other
940:Liver
125:ileum
1477:via
1248:PELD
1243:MELD
1050:MRCP
1024:ERCP
316:PMID
281:PMID
246:PMID
206:PMID
123:and
1055:PTC
397:SGs
308:doi
273:doi
238:doi
1555::
1223:/
1045:IV
1038::
1004:,
811::
399:/
314:.
304:71
302:.
279:.
269:19
267:.
244:.
234:19
232:.
218:^
200:.
184:^
57:+
47:.
1302:e
1295:t
1288:v
464:)
353:e
346:t
339:v
322:.
310::
287:.
275::
252:.
240::
212:.
202:8
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