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shearing area and pens. The division for the shearing stands is clad with horizontal boarding. Large trusses with iron straps provide an open shearing and sorting area. Corrugated galvanised steel clads the walls and the roof. 6 over 6 pane double hung windows open to the shearing floor. Horizontal windows at high level on the walls open to the penning areas. At the walkways behind the sorting chutes, timber shutters opened as
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stands survives, including the swing doors with their original hinges and the bracketed shelves. Next to the intersection of the two rows of shearing stands, a sliding door at low level provides access for the sheep dogs between the pens and the shearing floor. One end of the stands has been altered in the nineteenth century for mechanised shearing. The remaining 14 stands are still set up as they were for hand shearing.
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645:. The piers are clad in timber boarding on the shearing floor to avoid wool being caught on the timber. The stands are arranged so that the gun shearers worked in the centre of the space, closest to the sorting area with the slower shearers at the ends of the floor, where the distance for runners and sweepers collecting the wool to bring to the sorting area was the greatest.
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later to house convicts. A fruit orchard was established close to Flyers Creek where Lawson the younger also planted willows. He built the first woolshed on
Errowanbang, probably the first woolshed in the district. Built of bush timber with a high gable, it was 120 feet long and 40 feet wide and stood behind the homestead. It was destroyed by strong winds in 1967–8.
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Designed by Watts, and one of a number of woolsheds designed by architects in the late nineteenth century, the quality of workmanship in the construction of
Errowanbang Woolshed is probably unsurpassed in Australia. The massive stone piers supporting the trusses over the sorting area have contributed
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On Old
Errowanbang, Hebden was responsible for the construction of a water race system running from the north-east corner on Flyers Creek through to Wire Gully mine. A branch at Triangle ran south to the woolshed where it was intended to power the shearing equipment. This did not happen and the water
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With the use of convict labour, Lawson the younger built a homestead on the property around 1827. The house was built of handmade bricks packed with cow hair and mud, stringybark shingles and cedar joinery. The cellar is thought to have also served as the pit for sawing timber during construction and
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Old
Errowanbang Woolshed is historically significant for its associations with the pastoral and woolgrowing industry of colonial and 20th century NSW, especially the central tablelands, and for the evidence it demonstrates of the significant, and evolving, processes of gathering and processing wool
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With 40 stands, Errowanbang
Woolshed is one of the largest woolsheds in the region. Of these stands, 26 have never been adapted for mechanical shearing, providing clear evidence of two major phases of shearing practices in Australia. The original stands retain virtually all of their original fabric
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The shed was reported to be in reasonable condition as at 25 July 2003, considering that only a small area of it was then used. Restumping had been partially undertaken in the past but needed to be completed. Most windows had been broken, largely due to hailstorms. The roofing was generally in good
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The baling area has two levels, the upper level with divisions to catch the wool fed from the classing chutes above. At the centre and on the lower level was the wool press, now removed although the base is evident in the floor. From here, the bales could be moved to a storage area. A large opening
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Sales of the resumed land proved to be very successful. 13 allotments and a reserve of 3,000 acres had been created from 13,300 acres with the reserved land being set aside for building up small farmers near Burnt Yards. 1,000 acres were also held as a mining reserve. 392 applications were received
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Much of the land which had been retained by
Hopkins was resumed under the provisions of the Crown Land Consolidation Act of 1913 and Rawdon Hopkins was left with 5,568 acres. On his remaining land, Rawdon Hopkins ran his Corriedale Stud and built a new woolshed. This shed was burnt in 1928 and then
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Around 1886 the present woolshed was built. Designed by an architect named Watt, it is a massive building with four levels. Built of white cypress pine at a cost of £5,000, it is reckoned to incorporate 5 tons of nails and bolts. The shed was designed with 40 stands and could hold 3,000 sheep. Also
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Old
Errowanbang Woolshed is of state significance for the technical innovations evident in its four-level design and the internal arrangement of pens and shearing spaces related to the speed of individual shears; is aesthetically distinctive as a large timber building of cypress pine with multiple
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Chutes for the shorn sheep lead from the shearing area to underneath the shed and assist in bracing the structure. On the upper side of the chutes, the timber cladding has timber slats allowing sheep pushed against the ramp to have a foothold and not slip back. The original joinery for most of the
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and the other draughting yards. Adjacent to the plunge dip are the crooks etc. for controlling the sheep in the dip. The remaining two wings are divided along their length with one side for sheep waiting to be shorn and the other side of the division being the 40 shearing stands, 20 for each wing.
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homestead is generally now known as Old
Errowanbang. Hopkins moved to Stokefield at Carcoar while he built a new home on the property. Hopkins continued to graze sheep and a small number of larger stock on his 19,750 acres until his death in 1916. Hopkins' son Rawdon inherited his father's estate.
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Wilson left the partnership before 1900 and
Hopkins became the sole owner of Errowanbang. The station was divided, Hopkins taking the eastern area of Flyers Creek and the name Errowanbang. To avoid confusion, the remaining part of the property containing the large c.1886 woolshed and the original
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Old
Errowanbang Woolshed is of state significance as a benchmark of the changing technologies of sheep shearing, with 26 hand-shearing pens and 14 later adapted to mechanical shearing, the only known internal plunge dip in the region (related to the weather conditions of the Tablelands), and the
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The woolshed is built of cypress pine. The structure has stumps below floor level with timber posts and framing above. Wherever timber is likely to be in contact with wool, the timber is dressed and corners are chamfered. Additionally, the stone piers are faced with vertical timber boards in the
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to the long term stability of the shed. Internally, details such as the stop chamfers on all corners of timberwork where wool is being moved, good quality hardware and mitred corners of timber flooring show an unusually high attention to detail in what would elsewhere be a utilitarian building.
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Old Errowanbang Woolshed is rare in the region and state as the only known example of its type (an architect-designed, multi-storied sheep shearing complex that could process the sheep almost entirely under cover) and for the exceptional interest of its design and construction detailing.
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Hopkins died after falling down an old shaft on the property on 20 July 1916. It is thought that he was trying to make the shaft safe, having lost a number of sheep to insecure shafts. He was survived by his wife Sarah who died in 1942 and his son Rawdon Chesney Hopkins who died in 1973.
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region of New South Wales. It is perhaps unique in Australia in being built over four levels creating a complex but highly functional structure where each stage of the shearing and sorting process from penning the sheep to sorting, baling and storing has its own distinctive space.
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stories on massive stone piers, stop-chamfered posts, mitred timber flooring and high quality hardware throughout the interior, and has landmark qualities as a rambling building that steps down the hillside in its countryside setting in the Flyers Creek valley.
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The homestead and outbuildings were used for the accommodation of some of the families and for builders working on new houses for the settlers. Some of the buildings around the homestead were purchased by settlers and (presumably) relocated. These included:
339:. A Church and School Estate was established to the east of Flyers Creek and Lawson the younger settled to the west of the creek also managing the Church and School Estate. When the Church and School Estate was resumed in 1835, he acquired some of the land.
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The next owner of the western part of the original Errowanbang has not been properly researched, although around 1900 Charles Hebden moved into the original homestead. Hebden ran a thoroughbred blood horse stud as well as sheep and cattle on the property.
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Richard Officer and his wife renovated the homestead, adding a new wing to the house to provide accommodation for a classroom, a room for a governess, an office and a dressing room. Bathrooms were also added and the ceilings of the original part renewed.
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Hopkins was a founding member of the Pastoralists' Union in New South Wales. He was well known for his substantial efforts for the Rabbit Board and the Pastures Protection Board, serving for many years as chairman and director of the Carcoar Branch.
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William Lawson's second son (also called William) was born at Norfolk Island in 1804. After accompanying his father to Bathurst, he became the first native born white Australian to receive a grant of land for sheep grazing in the Western Country.
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Remnant pipes near the shed provide evidence of an unfulfilled attempt at using hydraulic machinery for shearing. They are the clearest surviving evidence of the very ambitious water races which once operated from Flyers Creek to Errowanbang.
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Old Errownbang Woolshed has important associations with several generations of shearers, many of whom have their individual names painted on various pens; and contributes to the rural identity of the inhabitants of the Errowanbang area.
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Ted Holland followed Bill McKay as manager until 1952 when this part of the property was resumed and opened for Soldier Settlements in 1952. A ballot was held for the 11 available blocks with J.W. Harries taking the homestead block.
376:) in November 1885. The sale included adjoining properties which had been conditionally purchased by Lomax, but when after a year Lomax had not produced, as promised, their certificates of conformity, Hopkins sued him for £2000.
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A small engine room has been built on the end of one of the shearing wings, closest to the mechanised stands. The pipework for the water race from Flyers Creek which was intended to power the shears survives close to this room.
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Hebden died on Errowanbang in 1915. By that time his property was known as Errowanbang Limited. Hebden's nephew, Richard Officer, was the first manager and chief policy holder and managed the property until his death in 1930.
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purchased Errowanbang have not been researched, but he was in possession of the property by 1879. Little other information is known of this period, although he is believed to have added a kitchen wing to the homestead.
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The sorting area is symmetrical about a diagonal axis. Three classing chutes are either side of the axis and feed wool to the baling level below. A floor above the baling area, the piece picking room is accessed from
592:. Leaving Pericoota at the age of 38, he sold his Queensland interests and went into partnership with Alexander Wilson to own Errowanbang. The partnership was dissolved soon after, leaving Hopkins as the sole owner.
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in 1848, the son of a Royal Navy captain. He was sent to live with his uncle General Rawdon Chesney in Ireland. At the age of 16 he came to Australia to live with another uncle, Sir Samuel Wilson, a pastoralist in
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Lawson returned to service in 1819 as Commandant of the settlement of Bathurst from where he spent time surveying the district, resigning from the post in 1824. During his explorations he discovered coal near
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Acquiring large areas of land west of the Great Dividing Range, Lawson became an important landholder as well as one of the 12 largest stockowners in the Bathurst district carrying sheep, cattle and horses.
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was sent to survey a road to the plains beyond. In 1815 he continued his work working southwest from the site of Bathurst through the areas now known as Charlotte Creek, Hobby's Yards, Mount Macquarie,
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Old Errowanbang Woolshed demonstrates the principal characteristics of sheep shearing establishments in rural NSW built in the 1880s and successively adapted to changing shearing technologies.
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providing a clear picture of the working of hand shearing. Names painted on the stands provide evidence of some of the well known shearers who worked at the station in the nineteenth century.
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After Richard Officer's death, his brother Ernie took over the management for a short time until Bill McKay came with his wife and two children. The McKays remained at Errowanbang until 1940.
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at the end of the storage area originally had a flap which folded down to allow the bales to be taken out onto carts or trucks for transportation. This has been replaced with a sliding door.
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for occupation in 1826. Lawson's eldest son, William Lawson the younger, was allowed to occupy "land beyond the limits of location" and with his father established seven stations west of the
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Old Errowanbang Woolshed is significant for its associations with the architect Watts and the small but important group of architects who designed woolsheds in the late 19th century.
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area. In 1885 they dissolved their partnership and liquidated their assets. Lomax used legal manoeuvres to keep his ex-partner from discovering the full nature of the disbursement.
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has a unique plan based on four long wings linked in the centre by the main shearing floor. The shearing floor and the wool sorting, baling and storage areas cover four levels.
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was used for filling dams and supplying the homestead. Another water race ran from the eastern side of Flyers Creek, near Hopkins new homestead, to the Junction Reefs Mines.
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Allowed to occupy lands "beyond the limits of location" he established and managed, with his father, seven pioneering stations including Errowan-bang on Flyers Creek.
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with whom he had ten children. After the death of his father, William Lawson the younger moved to Veteran Hall, Prospect where he died in 1861. Caroline died in 1875
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The penning wings of the shed are unusual in including a plunge dip and draughting yards. The incorporation of a plunge dip within the woolshed is possibly unique.
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Hopkins was a keen writer, preparing a number of plays which were successful in Australia, Canada and the United States. He also wrote verse and a number of books.
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Lawson married Sarah Leadbeater with whom he had 11 children, four of who died in infancy. Sarah died in 1830 aged 48 and was buried at their Prospect property,
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He died in February 1865, and his younger brother Thomas James Lawson inherited the property, and married Eleanor M. Murray, daughter of the Surveyor-General
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The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
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William Lawson was born on 2 June 1774 near London and was educated in London, becoming a surveyor. On 15 June 1799 he paid £300 for his commission in the
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The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
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Wilson was the managing director of Australian Estates at the time of the purchase and with Hopkins also had interests in gold and copper mining at
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Between 1878 and 1881 Lomax and Edmund Wigley Severne, trading as H. G. Lomax, conditionally purchased many hundreds of acres of crown land in the
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behind the classing bins and has a chute which led to the main wool press. Tailings and other scraps could then be fed to the press from above.
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The water race continued to operate although it frequently silted up. Eventually rabbit holes caused too many problems and it fell into disuse.
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The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.
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The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
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The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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Other bodies which Hopkins was involved in include the Montenegrin Fund, Allied Day Committee and the French Australian League.
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shearing sheep from Panuara station, Hopkins' ambition was to shear 100,000 sheep in one season. The best achieved was 90,000.
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Errowanbang continued to run sheep, including a stud of Romney Marsh. Other stock included cattle and draught horses.
243:, Australia. It was designed by Watt and built in 1886. It is also known as Errowanbang Woolshed. It was added to the
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The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
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In 1836, William Lawson the younger was appointed a magistrate and was a member of the Bathurst bench until 1852.
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The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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district where he married Sarah Jane Kennedy in 1884. Meanwhile, he had entered into partnerships with Messrs
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Errowanbang woolshed is one of the largest woolsheds in the Central West. Built on the side of a hill, the
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published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under
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Around 1909, Hebden began to sell off some of his land including country in the Panuara area.
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Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under
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492:. In 1813 he joined the expedition across the Blue Mountains with Blaxland and Wentworth.
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nearby water races associated with an attempt to develop hydraulic shearing equipment.
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In July 1815, Lawson was made Commandant of Bathurst. He died at his home, "
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order although repairs of guttering were needed, particularly valley and
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The shearing stands open to a large sorting area, designed to be largely
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the shearers' huts which were used for material for Frank Press's house
335:. Among these was Errowanbang in the parishes of Beaufort and Blake on
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Errowanbang Woolshed is one of the most interesting woolsheds of the
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the overseer's cottage which was erected on John Moore's property
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Old Errowanbang remains in the ownership of the Harries family.
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Prior to European occupation of the district, the area between
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In 1843 Lawson became one of the first elected members of the
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Two wings of the shed are for penning sheep, one including a
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518:. Her remains were later transferred to the Lawson vault at
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599:. Hopkins later had interests in the Wire Gully gold mine.
1018:. New South Wales, Australia. 14 September 1865. p. 1
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the showers from the shearer's quarters were purchased by
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the cook house used as part of a woolshed by George Simons
1102:. New South Wales, Australia. 21 November 1885. p. 3
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on 23 June 2006 having satisfied the following criteria.
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Agricultural buildings and structures in New South Wales
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990:. New South Wales, Australia. 6 February 1865. p. 2
576:. Eventually he came to manage Pericoota station in the
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after successfully standing for the seat of Cumberland.
1189:. New South Wales, Australia. 23 August 1887. p. 6
1046:. New South Wales, Australia. 15 March 1879. p. 19
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rebuilt, incorporating much of the original structure.
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Location of Old Errowanbang Woolshed in New South Wales
1158:. New South Wales, Australia. 24 July 1916. p. 5
1130:. New South Wales, Australia. 15 June 1886. p. 4
1074:. New South Wales, Australia. 26 July 1883. p. 3
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588:, the owners of Pericoota, sharing properties in
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525:William Lawson died on 16 June 1850 at Prospect.
488:'s Veteran Corps, Lawson retired to his grant at
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1258:This Knowledge article was originally based on
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141:Old Errowanbang Woolshed; Errowanbang Woolshed
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543:In 1832 he married Caroline Icely, sister of
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712:Old Errowanbang Woolshed was listed on the
29:Historic site in New South Wales, Australia
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473:in 1806 he was promoted to a Lieutenant.
947:Department of Planning & Environment
669:to provide ventilation during shearing.
392:of which 362 were admitted to a ballot.
1286:New South Wales State Heritage Register
1264:New South Wales State Heritage Register
942:New South Wales State Heritage Register
714:New South Wales State Heritage Register
476:After serving as aide-de-camp to Major
245:New South Wales State Heritage Register
231:at Errowan Park, Old Errowanbang Lane,
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567:Hopkins was born at Coolah Point near
529:William Lawson the younger (1804-1861)
465:in 1800 before being sent to serve at
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55:Errowan Park, Old Errowanbang Lane,
1223:Errowanbang Anniversary Celebration
1043:Australian Town and Country Journal
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24:
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1230:Perumal Murphy Pty. Ltd. (1991).
1066:"Forfeited Conditional Purchases"
372:and Alexander Wilson (brother of
131:New South Wales Heritage Register
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1241:Central West Pilot Program SHRP
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1150:"Death of Mr. F. R. C. Hopkins"
1122:"Supreme Court, Monday June 14"
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555:Francis Rawdon Chesney Hopkins
280:Following the crossing of the
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1239:Heritage Office SHRP (2001).
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327:opened the lands west of the
1273:, accessed on 2 June 2018.
1262:, entry number 01748 in the
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641:supported on massive stone
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937:"Old Errowanbang Woolshed"
637:free by the use of timber
453:William Lawson (1774-1850)
368:Lomax sold Errowanbang to
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1186:The Evening News (Sydney)
1127:The Sydney Morning Herald
1099:The Sydney Morning Herald
1015:The Sydney Morning Herald
987:The Sydney Morning Herald
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1260:Old Errowanbang Woolshed
1155:The Leader (Orange, NSW)
1038:"Diseases in Sheep Acts"
353:Details of when grazier
225:Old Errowanbang Woolshed
35:Old Errowanbang Woolshed
520:St Bartholomew's Church
1232:Blayney Heritage Study
795:New South Wales portal
350:, eight months later.
173:Woolshed/Shearing Shed
149:state heritage (built)
459:New South Wales Corps
227:is a heritage-listed
1181:"Darlinghurst Court"
355:Henry Grimshaw Lomax
333:Great Dividing Range
298:George William Evans
268:was the home of the
93:33.5421°S 149.0338°E
509:Legislative Council
469:. On his return to
320:Errowanbang station
316:" on 16 June 1850.
181:Farming and Grazing
89: /
46:Heritage boundaries
18:Errowanbang station
1197:– via Trove.
1166:– via Trove.
1138:– via Trove.
1110:– via Trove.
1082:– via Trove.
1054:– via Trove.
1026:– via Trove.
998:– via Trove.
486:Governor Macquarie
162:Reference no.
98:-33.5421; 149.0338
560:See main article
374:Sir Samuel Wilson
294:William Wentworth
276:Early exploration
247:on 23 June 2006.
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1191:. Retrieved
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314:Veteran Hall
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256:Pre-European
224:
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157:23 June 2006
26:
1249:Attribution
1207:Hubert 2003
679:box gutters
617:Description
284:in 1813 by
233:Errowanbang
96: /
84:149°02′02″E
72:Coordinates
67:, Australia
57:Errowanbang
1280:Categories
802:References
630:plunge dip
590:Queensland
498:Mount York
307:Gooloogong
154:Designated
81:33°32′32″S
1268:CC-BY 4.0
982:"Carcoar"
966:CC-BY 4.0
582:Robertson
482:Newcastle
303:Lyndhurst
270:Wiradjuri
117:Architect
1193:17 March
1162:17 March
1134:17 March
1106:17 March
1078:17 March
1050:17 March
1022:17 March
994:17 March
949:. H01748
781:See also
578:Riverina
574:Victoria
490:Prospect
484:then in
445:Adamson.
272:people.
262:Bathurst
178:Category
52:Location
1271:licence
969:licence
667:awnings
639:trusses
597:Blayney
363:Carcoar
251:History
953:2 June
651:stairs
635:column
586:Wagner
569:Mumbai
471:Sydney
443:Gordon
643:piers
266:Cowra
109:Built
1195:2020
1164:2020
1136:2020
1108:2020
1080:2020
1052:2020
1024:2020
996:2020
955:2018
623:shed
584:and
305:and
292:and
264:and
170:Type
165:1748
146:Type
120:Watt
1282::
1183:.
1172:^
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810:^
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288:,
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63:,
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1234:.
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971:.
957:.
20:)
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