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city. The street is surrounded by two- and three-story buildings on both sides; shops and workshops are on the ground floor directly opening to the street. The upper floors include living quarters, sometimes for traders visiting the city. Wakālas (caravanserais), exist along or close to this street. Such street markets are known for traditional goods such as textiles, spices, and traditional clothing. Qīsāriyyas exist in many Upper
Egyptian cities such as Asyūt, Sūhaj, Qenā and Esna; and they continue to function as popular local markets. Al-Qīsāriyya Market in Esna is one of the city's main attractions, not only for tourists but to a greater extent, for residents of Esna and its surrounding villages. It plays a regional trade function as the hub for many commercial activities. It includes different trades and goods such as textiles, clothing, houseware, haberdashery, tailoring, upholstery, etc. Hence, it is a major destination for families preparing for marriage and new brides.
900:
of historic significance in Esna from various eras such as
Wekalet Al-Geddawy, a caravanserai from the Ottoman era, established in the 18th century by the ruler Hassan El-Geddawy and named after him. It is one of three caravanserais in the south of Egypt, and it is the only one that still maintains its unique original design. The Wekala was one of the most important trade centers in southern Egypt in the 18th century, with traders from all over Africa coming through the west desert and the Red Sea, and stands as a testament to the strength of trade and the strategic position of Esna as a trade center at the time. The building was historically used for the sale of slaves, animals, crops and crafts.
933:(425 feet) from the Khnum Temple area to many of Esna's attractions such as the traditional Bakkūr Oil Press, the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and many of the city's architecturally significant buildings. There are more than 120 local shops, mostly traditional tailors making garments such as jalābiyyas, and selling textiles including women's traditional fabrics and shawls indigenous to Esna such as al-Ḥabra, al-Farkha and al-Nishra. This southern part of al-Qīsāriyya Market still includes the remains of a traditional wakāla, accessed through one of the textile shops. The market's traditional wooden cover in addition to its direction from north to south provides a cool breeze.
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part of the street, many architecturally significant buildings dating back to the turn of the twentieth century exist. It also includes, tucked in a small alleyway, the façade of Bayt al-Shabrāwī, built in 1874 with its intricate decorative fired brick and woodwork. On
Saturdays, the northern part of al-Qīsāriyya is even more lively since it merges with Esna's weekly Saturday Market, famous for local food and for clay tableware.
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was led by the Roman emperor
Diocletian who started an attack against Christians in Egypt. On the day of the Martyrs' Massacre, an attack was started that caused the Bishop of the city of Esna, Father Ammonius, to flee with the whole Christian population to the monastery to hide there from the troops of the emperor however they were later found there and killed. The monastery is visited by thousands of Egyptians every year.
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The southern part starts from the south side of Khnum Temple. This part is quieter. It still maintains its traditional wooden cover and is surrounded by mud brick buildings with traditional features, such as colorful wooden doors. This covered part of the market extends for a distance of almost 130 m
907:
El-Amry
Minaret is the only remaining part of the historic mosque with the same name which was torn down and rebuilt in the 1960s in a modern style. The mosque was established between the years 474 and 476 hijri (1081 to 1084 AD) by Badr El Deen Gamaly and it was the first to be built in Esna in the
920:
The public open space located between Khnum Temple and al-`Amriyya
Minaret functioned as Esna's main square. Historic photos of Esna depict this area as the city's main marketplace. Wekalet Al-Geddawy caravanserai, one of the city's main trading buildings, is on this square as well. To the north and
899:
Esna enjoys a rich heritage in its unique social structure; the city center is subdivided into spatial domains inhabited by deeply-rooted Esna families, and its traditional crafts, many on the verge of extinction, have been a tradition since the medieval era. There are other monuments and buildings
886:
The Temple of Esna conveys a sense of the importance which the
Ancient Egyptians placed upon their places of worship. All Egyptians who entered the confines of an Egyptian temple were required "to comply with the strict rules regarding ritual purity." According to inscriptions carved on the walls of
924:
Qīsāriyyas are an urban market typology that is believed to have existed since the Roman times; possibly since the age of the Roman emperor
Augustus Caesar (63 B.C.–14 A.D.) They consist of a long and narrow covered street, and sometimes a network of streets, that exist in the heart of a
911:
The
Martyrs' Monastery was established in the 6th century. The monastery is significant for Christians since it was established by Saint Helena after a battle between the Romans and Coptic Egyptians which led to the death of 3600 martyrs during the age of Christian persecution in Egypt. The battle
928:
Esna's Qīsāriyya Market consists of two main parts. The northern part starts from
Wekalet Al-Geddawy, passing by the Church of Mother Dūlāji, and heading northward. It gets busier in its northern edge, covered with modern elements, since it is close to Esna's public transportation hub. Along this
851:(212), is still legible on the walls of Latopolis. Before raising their own edifice, the Romans seem to have destroyed even the basements of the earlier Egyptian temple. The ceremonial way, which probably linked the quay to the temple, has disappeared. The quay bears cartouches of
762:, was remarkable for the beauty of its site and the magnificence of its architecture. It was built of red sandstone, and its portico consisted of six rows of four columns each, with lotus-leaf capitals, all of which however differ from each other. The temple contains very late
903:
The historic market is one of a few still standing markets in the south of Egypt and is significant for its place in Esna's local life. Products sold in the market include home supplies, local crafts and bridal needs.
921:
south of the square, al-Qīsāriyya Street extended parallel to the Nile River for a distance of almost 1.5 km (0.93 mi). The street is named after Esna's renowned al-Qīsāriyya Market.
780:(246–221 BC). This latter building was destroyed in the 19th century, as it stood in the way of a new canal. The temple of Esna was cleared of the soil and rubbish which filled its area when
719:, the largest of the 52 species which inhabit the Nile, which was abundant in these stretches of the river in ancient times, and which appears in sculptures, among the symbols of the goddess
978:. The other is the temple of Esna. The temple, which has only been partially excavated, is about 200 meters (660 ft) from the river and some 9 meters (30 ft) below street level.
1576:
An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II
776:
There was a smaller temple, dedicated to the triad of Latopolis, about two miles and a half north of the city, at a village now called el-Dayr. Here, too, is a small zodiac of the age of
811:, was a benefactor to Latopolis, and he is depicted upon the walls of its temple followed by a tame lion, and in the act of striking down the chiefs of his enemies. The name of
843:, whose name and titles are carved on the dedicatory inscription over the entrance. On the ceiling of the pronaos is the larger Latopolitan Zodiac. The name of the emperor
1949:
Zahrān, D. M.-K. (2011). Al-ʻImāra al-Islāmiyya: Dirāsa Fī ʻImārat al-Munshaʼāt al-Tijāriyya Fī al-Qarn al-Tāsiʻ ʻAshar al-Mīlādī. al-Qāhira: Dār al-Kitāb al-Ḥadīth
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Another temple of the same period has been identified at Kom Mer, about 12 km to the south, but cannot be excavated because a modern village is built over it.
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the Temple of Esna, those who entered this temple were expected to fastidiously cut their fingernails and toenails, remove other body hair, wash their hands with
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at this point: one built by the British in 1906, and the "Electricity Bridge" built in the 1990s. Ships, particularly Nile cruisers ferrying tourists from
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1959:
891:(a natural occurring salt), "be dressed in linen (they were forbidden from wearing wool), and not to have had sexual intercourse for several days."
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The two main points of interest in Esna are its lively tourist-oriented market, which fills a couple of streets leading inland from the
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Fatimid Era. The oil press has belonged to the family of Bakour for over 200 years and it is the only oil press still standing in Esna.
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Wākid, ʻ. a.-L., & Marʻī., H. (1957). Wāhāt Misṛ: Juzur al-Raḥma w Jannāt al-Saḥaṛāʼ. Cairo: Maktabat al-Anjlū al-Misṛīyah.
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155 km (96 mi) further upstream, can be held up for hours while they negotiate their way through the lock system.
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Nubische Grammatik mit einer Einleitung über die Völker und Sprachen Afrika's. Berlin: Verlag von Wilhelm Hertz
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is found also inscribed upon a doorway. Although the scale of the ruins are impressive, their sculptures and
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Lantern Slide Collection: Views, Objects: Egypt - Columns in Temple of Esneh., n.d., Brooklyn Museum Archives
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Lantern Slide Collection: Views, Objects: Egypt. Columns in Temple of Esneh., n.d., Brooklyn Museum Archives
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847:, the last ruler that can be read in hieroglyphics, although partially erased by his brother and murderer
236:
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Corniche of Old Esna, inside Khnum Temple, Minaret of Esna Mosque, Esna new docks, farmland near Esna
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The Egyptian God Tutu: A Study of the Sphinx-god and Master of Demons with a Corpus of Monuments
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An attack on a police patrol killed a policeman and a civilian, and wounded three other people.
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The Theology of Hathor of Dendera: Aural and Visual Scribal Techniques in the Per-Wer Sanctuary
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1687:(in Arabic). Cairo: Al-maǧlis al-aʿlá li-l-aṯār, high council of antiquities. p. 496.
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With the exception of the jamb of a gateway—now converted into a door-sill—of the reign of
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Nūr, H. M. (1995). Madynat Esnā w āṯhārhā f āl-oʿṣowr āl-islāmyah. Cairo: Dār āl-mʿārf.
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Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 5
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Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 1
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In Arabic: iwan-iyyah ( إيوان-ية ) in New Kingdom and ( زين-ية ) in Late Period.
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1882:. Sudan and the Ottoman Empire (Vol. 67). California: Stanford University Press.
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2123:, Al-ahram Weekly historical review on Esna by Giovanna Montalbetti with photos
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Under the older name of "Latopolis," the city is now a Roman Catholic Latin
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attest to the decline of Egyptian art. The west wall features reliefs of
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2049: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2005:
1989:
1417:"Isnā (Markaz, Egypt) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location"
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1985:
1801:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 771.
878:
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visited it, and served as a cotton warehouse in the mid-19th century.
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Reliefs showing Khnum with his consort Menhit from the Temple of Esna
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2099:, Ongoing translation of hieroglyphic inscriptions from Esna temple
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1685:مخطوط معجم اللغة المصرية القديمة احمد كمال كمال. الجزء االثاني عشر
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2020:"Climate: Isna - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table"
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by Hụsayn Afandi (Vol. 11). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
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Goettinger Miszellen: Beitraege zur aegyptologischen Diskussion
1636:"Egypt: Minor Temple and Other Ruins of the Nile Delta, Part I"
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827:. The pronaos, which alone exists, resembles in style that of
488:, but as of 9 December 2009, it was incorporated into the new
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This article is about the city in Egypt. For other uses, see
1732:"The mummified fish of Esna: a case study in animal worship"
476:) is a city of Egypt. It is located on the west bank of the
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1880:
Tell This in My Memory: Stories of Enslavement from Egypt
1849:"Post-Revolutionary Urban Egypt: A New Mode of Practice?"
644:
should not be confused with the more northerly city of
1960:"Two killed, three wounded in Egypt attack near Luxor"
862:
was buried, also contains human burials dating of the
411:
1828:, Anness Publishing Litd (Lorenz Books) 2001. p.106
648:(Λητοῦς Πόλις), ancient Khem, modern Ausim, in the
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1892:Gabra, Gawdat; Takla, Hany N. (February 2, 2010).
2156:
1929:Ottoman Egypt in the Age of the French Revolution
2565:
1761:Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt
1411:
1409:
835:), and was begun not earlier than the reign of
2142:
1406:
1572:
1496:Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue copte
1014:The city is located on the west bank of the
998:. It is sometimes confused with the titular
636:This city of Latopolis (πόλις Λάτων) in the
148:
141:
135:
2574:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Egypt
1990:"A Checklist of Bishops in Byzantine Egypt"
1895:Christianity and Monasticism in Upper Egypt
1031:Köppen-Geiger climate classification system
735:was buried in a cemetery west of the town.
484:. The city was formerly part of the modern
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2054:
1994:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
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795:), the remains of Latopolis belong to the
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858:The cemetery west of the town, where the
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1774:Voyage dans la Basse et lau Haute Égypte
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877:
711:The name "Latopolis" is in honor of the
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2061:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
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1018:some 55 km (34 mi) south of
915:
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480:some 55 km (34 mi) south of
2130:
1865:– via journals.openedition.org.
1682:
1467:
839:(41–54 AD), and completed in that of
807:, the restorer of so many temples in
397:
338:154.4 sq mi (399.9 km)
2589:Populated places in Qena Governorate
1984:
1869:
688:Wall reliefs from the Temple of Esna
51:adding citations to reliable sources
22:
989:
390:
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13:
1720:Wilkinson, M. and C. vol. V. p.253
1441:Richter, Barbara A. (2016-04-15).
14:
2615:
2097:Esna II - An Evolving Translation
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1847:Ibrahim, Kareem (April 6, 2014).
1394:List of cities and towns in Egypt
959:Two barrage bridges straddle the
2599:Former populated places in Egypt
2110:Geographical information on Esna
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1898:. American Univ in Cairo Press.
1002:in modern Ausim, a suffragan of
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1826:Egypt: Gods, Myths and Religion
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38:needs additional citations for
1662:Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egypt
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742:of Esna, dedicated to the god
1:
2579:Archaeological sites in Egypt
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2108:Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
1573:Wallis Budge, E. A. (1920).
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495:
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7:
2105:, Gallery of temple reliefs
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1233:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1093:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
766:, dating from the reign of
359:3,000/sq mi (1,200/km)
10:
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1665:(Infobase Publishing 2009
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1033:classifies its climate as
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2117:, Selected photos of Esna
1908:– via Google Books.
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1966:. Reuters. 4 August 2017
1776:, vol. I. (1818), p.148.
1772:Dominique-Vivant Denon,
1594:Gauthier, Henri (1928).
1556:Gauthier, Henri (1925).
1399:
882:Twilight over the temple
764:hieroglyphic inscription
2103:biologie.uni-hamburg.de
1798:Encyclopædia Britannica
1468:Kaper, Olaf E. (2003).
412:
407:
2064:. London: John Murray.
1878:Powell, E. T. (2012).
1811:Karl Richard Lepsius,
1730:Baetens, Gert (2013).
1474:. Peeters Publishers.
1044:Climate data for Esna
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895:Medieval heritage city
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18:Esna (disambiguation)
2594:Roman sites in Egypt
1927:Shaw, S. J. (1964).
1683:Hawas, Zahi (2002).
1616:www.trismegistos.org
1000:Diocese of Letopolis
825:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
723:, associated by the
356: • Density
125:City in Luxor, Egypt
47:improve this article
2546: /
2234:El Mahalla El Kubra
2058:, ed. (1854–1857).
1163:Daily mean °C (°F)
916:Al-Qīsāriyya Market
874:Ritual significance
829:Apollonopolis Magna
813:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
554:(1550–1069 BC)
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2166:1,000,000 and more
2022:. Climate-Data.org
1853:Égypte/Monde arabe
1510:xvii. pp. 812, 817
1035:hot desert climate
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2609:
2608:
2564:
2563:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2525:
2511:Sharm El Sheikh
2501:Saint Catherine
2379:
2278:100,000–299,999
2273:
2197:300,000–999,999
2192:
2161:
2158:Egyptian cities
2155:
2093:
2078:
2076:
2067:
2066:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2013:
1983:
1979:
1969:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1890:
1886:
1877:
1870:
1855:(11): 237–266.
1845:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1823:
1819:
1810:
1806:
1784:
1780:
1771:
1767:
1763:(1999), p. 295.
1757:Kathryn A. Bard
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1711:, vol. I. p.300
1706:
1702:
1695:
1681:
1677:
1658:
1654:
1645:
1643:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1620:
1618:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1592:
1588:
1583:. p. 1031.
1571:
1567:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1506:
1502:
1498:(Louvain, 1983)
1493:
1489:
1482:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1439:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1402:
1390:
1385:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1028:
1012:
992:
984:
939:
918:
897:
876:
860:Lates niloticus
853:Marcus Aurelius
746:, his consorts
733:Lates niloticus
717:Lates niloticus
662:
619:
603:
588:
583:
581:
552:
536:
521:
512:
498:
426:
422:
394:
305:
303:
288:
286:
282:
279:
274:
271:
269:
267:
266:
260:
259:
258:
257:
254:
253:
252:
251:
247:
226:
224:
219:
218:
217:
216:
215:
214:
207:
198:
197:
196:
189:
180:
179:
178:
162:
153:
146:
140:
133:
126:
119:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
44:
32:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2617:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2555:25.300; 32.550
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2335:Kafr El Sheikh
2332:
2330:Kafr El Dawwar
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2285:6th of October
2281:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2121:Esna revisited
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2092:
2091:External links
2089:
2088:
2087:
2056:Smith, William
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2011:
1977:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1920:
1911:
1904:
1884:
1868:
1839:
1830:
1824:Lucia Gahlin,
1817:
1804:
1789:, ed. (1911).
1787:Chisholm, Hugh
1778:
1765:
1749:
1722:
1713:
1700:
1693:
1675:
1652:
1627:
1612:"Trismegistos"
1603:
1586:
1565:
1548:
1544:Itin. Antonin.
1536:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1487:
1480:
1460:
1453:
1433:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
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1363:
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1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1300:
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1249:
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1234:
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1199:
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1024:
1011:
1008:
991:
988:
983:
980:
938:
935:
917:
914:
896:
893:
875:
872:
864:Middle Kingdom
770:(249–251 AD).
725:ancient Greeks
668:The Temple of
661:
658:
632:
631:
628:
627:
624:
623:
609:
608:
599:
598:
595:
594:
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564:
561:
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557:
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336:
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331:
327:
326:
321:
315:
314:
301:
297:
296:
289:25.300; 32.550
262:
261:
255:
249:
248:
241:
240:
234:
233:
232:
231:
228:
227:
222:From top left:
220:
208:
201:
200:
199:
190:
183:
182:
181:
172:
171:
170:
169:
168:
167:
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35:
33:
26:
9:
6:
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3:
2:
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2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
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2392:
2389:
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2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Shibin El Kom
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
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2222:
2220:
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2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2160:by population
2159:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2115:fotopedia.com
2113:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2084:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2051:public domain
2043:
2042:
2021:
2015:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1930:
1924:
1915:
1907:
1905:9789774163111
1901:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1843:
1837:Gahlin, p.106
1834:
1827:
1821:
1814:
1808:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1775:
1769:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1717:
1710:
1704:
1696:
1690:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1600:. p. 38.
1599:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1569:
1562:. p. 54.
1561:
1560:
1552:
1545:
1540:
1533:
1528:
1521:
1516:
1509:
1504:
1497:
1491:
1483:
1481:9789042912175
1477:
1473:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1454:9781937040529
1450:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1422:
1418:
1412:
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1405:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1380:
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1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1305:precipitation
1301:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
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1165:
1161:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
987:
979:
977:
972:
970:
966:
962:
953:
947:
943:
934:
930:
926:
922:
913:
909:
905:
901:
892:
890:
880:
871:
869:
865:
861:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
817:hieroglyphics
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
785:
783:
779:
774:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
754:, their son,
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
730:
729:Pallas-Athene
726:
722:
718:
714:
709:
702:
694:
686:
678:
671:
666:
657:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
630:
629:
626:
625:
618:
614:
611:
610:
607:
601:
600:
586:
579:
578:
575:
574:
571:
570:
563:
562:
559:
558:
551:
547:
544:
543:
540:
534:
533:
519:
515:
510:
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
457:
447:
440:
436:
432:
419:
414:
409:
405:
400:
388:
384:
375:
371:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
341:
337:
333:
328:
325:
322:
320:
316:
313:
302:
298:
293:
265:Coordinates:
263:
238:
229:
223:
212:
205:
194:
187:
176:
165:
161:
156:
129:
117:
114:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
42:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
19:
2531:
2476:New Nubariya
2466:Marsa Matruh
2435:
2079:|title=
2059:
2024:. Retrieved
2014:
1997:
1993:
1980:
1968:. Retrieved
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1914:
1894:
1887:
1879:
1852:
1842:
1833:
1825:
1820:
1815:(1880), p.63
1812:
1807:
1796:
1792:"Esna"
1781:
1773:
1768:
1760:
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1735:
1725:
1716:
1708:
1703:
1684:
1678:
1661:
1655:
1644:. Retrieved
1642:(in Russian)
1639:
1630:
1619:. Retrieved
1615:
1606:
1596:
1589:
1575:
1568:
1558:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1515:
1503:
1495:
1490:
1470:
1463:
1443:
1436:
1424:. Retrieved
1420:
1378:
1307:mm (inches)
1029:
1013:
993:
985:
973:
958:
931:
927:
923:
919:
910:
906:
902:
898:
885:
859:
857:
786:
782:Vivant Denon
775:
772:
737:
732:
716:
710:
707:
660:Ancient city
635:
473:
465:
455:
445:
434:
430:
382:
381:
221:
109:
103:January 2014
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
2553: /
2471:Nag Hammadi
2000:: 283–318.
1986:Worp, K. A.
1970:12 November
1742:25 December
1707:Russegger,
1581:John Murray
1522:iv. 5. § 71
1447:. ISD LLC.
996:titular see
982:2017 attack
955:Dam of Esna
937:Modern Esna
868:Late Period
809:Upper Egypt
789:Thutmose II
654:Lower Egypt
642:Upper Egypt
617:Late Period
606:hieroglyphs
550:New Kingdom
539:hieroglyphs
456:Pólis Látōn
451:πόλις Λάτων
439:Koinē Greek
319:Governorate
287: /
2568:Categories
2461:Marsa Alam
2446:Hamrah Dom
2426:El Alamein
2396:Ain Sokhna
2384:<99,999
2173:Alexandria
2039:References
1964:Al Arabiya
1759:(editor),
1694:9773053474
1646:2018-02-24
1621:2018-02-24
946:Canal lock
713:Nile perch
650:Nile Delta
343:Population
73:newspapers
2441:Port Fuad
2355:New Cairo
2305:Beni Suef
2254:Port Said
2026:18 August
1010:Geography
849:Caracalla
841:Vespasian
797:Ptolemaic
646:Letopolis
496:Latopolis
446:Latópolis
443:Λατόπολις
365:Time zone
2431:El Gouna
2421:Dekernes
2325:Hurghada
2310:Damanhur
2244:Mansoura
2239:Kom Ombo
2229:Ismailia
2214:Damietta
2006:20189035
1988:(1994).
1673:), p. 60
1532:Hierocl.
1426:17 March
1388:See also
1377:Source:
1303:Average
1138:(101.1)
1128:(105.6)
1123:(105.4)
1118:(102.6)
976:corniche
837:Claudius
2541:32°33′E
2538:25°18′N
2486:Rosetta
2481:Nuweiba
2451:Hala'ib
2416:Dendera
2340:Mallawi
2269:Zagazig
2209:Bilbeis
2053::
1738:: 17–23
1298:(60.9)
1293:(46.9)
1288:(55.2)
1283:(65.5)
1278:(70.9)
1273:(74.5)
1268:(74.1)
1263:(72.5)
1258:(69.1)
1253:(60.6)
1243:(45.5)
1238:(43.5)
1228:(76.7)
1223:(62.1)
1218:(70.9)
1213:(80.8)
1203:(90.1)
1198:(89.8)
1193:(88.9)
1188:(85.8)
1183:(77.5)
1178:(68.4)
1173:(61.7)
1168:(58.8)
1158:(92.7)
1153:(77.4)
1148:(86.5)
1143:(96.3)
1113:(94.6)
1108:(85.1)
1103:(77.9)
1098:(74.1)
1037:(BWh).
1026:Climate
866:to the
672:at Esna
638:Thebaid
535:jwnj(t)
351:462,787
300:Country
275:32°33′E
272:25°18′N
87:scholar
2521:Talkha
2496:Safaga
2456:Kharga
2411:Dakhla
2401:Akhmim
2391:Abydos
2315:Desouk
2224:Imbaba
2219:Faiyum
2004:
1902:
1709:Reisen
1691:
1669:
1546:p. 160
1534:p. 732
1508:Strabo
1478:
1451:
1133:(106)
1049:Month
889:natron
803:eras.
768:Decius
748:Menhit
740:temple
602:snj(t)
466:Lattōn
461:Λάττων
435:tꜣ-snt
418:Coptic
413:tꜣ-snt
408:jwny.t
393:
387:Arabic
309:
89:
82:
75:
68:
62:"Esna"
60:
2604:Khnum
2491:Sadat
2406:Dahab
2375:Sohag
2360:Obour
2345:Minya
2300:Benha
2295:Aswan
2290:Arish
2264:Tanta
2249:Luxor
2204:Asyut
2178:Cairo
2002:JSTOR
1520:Ptol.
1400:Notes
1248:(52)
1208:(86)
1088:Year
1020:Luxor
969:Aswan
965:Luxor
801:Roman
760:Neith
752:Nebtu
744:Khnum
721:Neith
670:Khnum
482:Luxor
470:Latin
458:) or
433:from
370:UTC+2
324:Luxor
312:Egypt
94:JSTOR
80:books
2516:Taba
2506:Siwa
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