561:
726:
36:
288:
A single grain of sand is certainly not a heap. Nor is the addition of a single grain of sand enough to transform a non-heap into a heap: when we have a collection of grains of sand that is not a heap, then adding but one single grain will not create a heap. And yet we know that at some point we
242:." If the statement is true, then he is lying, even though the statement is true. If the statement is a lie, then he is not actually lying, even though the statement is a lie. Thus, if the speaker is lying, he tells the truth, and vice versa.
298:
A man with a full head of hair is obviously not bald. Now the removal of a single hair will not turn a non-bald man into a bald one. And yet it is obvious that a continuation of that process must eventually result in
320:. The second, third and fourth paradoxes are variants of a single paradox and relate to the problem of what it means to "know" something and the identity of objects involved in an affirmation (compare the
324:). The fifth and sixth paradoxes are also a single paradox and is usually thought to relate to the vagueness of language. The final paradox, the horns, is a paradox related to
740:
276:
Alpha ignored the man approaching him and treated him as a stranger. The man was his father. Did Alpha ignore his own father and treat him as a stranger?
912:
617:
777:
352:
philosopher wrote about the paradoxes developed by
Eubulides and characterized the Horns paradox as an intractable problem (aporoi logoi).
735:
907:
927:
699:
680:
661:
607:
364:, on the other hand, considered them a waste of time: "Not to know them does no harm, and mastering them does no good."
770:
577:
922:
731:
75:
763:
356:
mentions how the discussion of such paradoxes was considered (for him) after-dinner entertainment at the
917:
336:
These paradoxes were very well known in ancient times, some are alluded to by
Eubulides' contemporary
671:
251:"Do you know this masked man?" "No." "But he is your father. So – do you not know your own father?"
68:
810:
571:
876:
866:
408:
566:
178:
8:
598:
308:
What you have not lost, you have. But you have not lost horns. Therefore, you have horns.
264:
830:
825:
361:
321:
317:
58:
690:
856:
582:
198:
94:
652:
835:
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632:
182:
871:
786:
694:
675:
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602:
279:
222:
202:
186:
162:
130:
80:
636:
325:
146:
35:
901:
353:
570:
267:. Electra knows her brother. Does Electra know the man who is approaching?
313:
229:
126:
851:
194:
158:
90:
886:
357:
345:
316:) is probably the most famous, and is similar to the famous paradox of
755:
861:
618:"How to give someone Horns: Paradoxes of Presupposition in Antiquity"
337:
218:
206:
190:
166:
114:
98:
881:
805:
349:
102:
193:, against whom he wrote with great bitterness. He taught logic to
707:
260:
217:
Eubulides is most famous for inventing the forms of seven famous
154:
820:
585:(Two volume ed.). Loeb Classical Library. § 108-111.
341:
572:"Socrates, with predecessors and followers: Euclides"
263:
doesn't know that the man approaching her is her brother,
378:
376:
239:
492:
490:
463:
436:
388:
373:
741:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman
Biography and Mythology
487:
752:, American Philosophical Quarterly, 20 (3), 287-295.
453:
451:
406:Athenaeus, viii, 50 354c; Aristocles, in Eusebius
899:
448:
475:
221:, some of which, however, are also ascribed to
712:Paradoxes: Their Roots, Range, and Resolution.
771:
669:
778:
764:
625:History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis
553:
34:
670:Cantini, Andrea; Bruni, Riccardo (2021).
212:
565:
469:
442:
394:
382:
785:
750:Megarian Paradoxes as Eleatic Arguments
719:Eubulides as a 20th-century semanticist
650:
615:
596:
496:
238:A man says: "What I am saying now is a
913:Ancient Greek philosophers of language
900:
759:
730:
457:
197:, and he is also said to have taught
688:
481:
700:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
681:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
662:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
608:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
13:
721:. Language Sciences, 27(1), 75-95.
672:"Paradoxes and Contemporary Logic"
14:
939:
908:4th-century BC Greek philosophers
616:Bobzien, Susanne (5 April 2012).
578:Lives of the Eminent Philosophers
16:4th-century BCE Greek philosopher
724:
559:
581:. Vol. 1:2. Translated by
537:
528:
515:
502:
415:
400:
1:
928:Philosophers of ancient Ionia
590:
7:
534:Aulus Gellius, xviii. 2. 9.
189:. He was a contemporary of
181:, Eubulides was a pupil of
10:
944:
637:10.30965/26664275-01501007
153:; fl. 4th century BCE) of
844:
793:
651:Bobzien, Susanne (2020).
597:Bobzien, Susanne (2011).
331:
150:
136:
120:
108:
86:
74:
64:
54:
50:
42:
33:
28:
21:
717:Seuren, P. A. M. (2005)
367:
69:Ancient Greek philosophy
554:Ancient primary sources
172:
748:Wheeler, S. C. (1983)
714:Open Court Publishing.
689:Hyde, Dominic (2018).
409:Praeparatio Evangelica
340:and even partially by
213:Paradoxes of Eubulides
165:who is famous for his
923:Megarian philosophers
318:Epimenides the Cretan
185:, the founder of the
599:"Dialectical School"
270:The Overlooked Man (
205:, and the historian
787:Megarian philosophy
312:The first paradox (
46:fl. 4th Century BCE
845:Dialectical school
583:Hicks, Robert Drew
567:Laërtius, Diogenes
510:Sophistici Elenchi
322:masked-man fallacy
59:Ancient philosophy
918:Ancient Milesians
895:
894:
857:Apollonius Cronus
691:"Sorites Paradox"
289:will have a heap.
201:, the teacher of
199:Apollonius Cronus
179:Diogenes Laërtius
140:
139:
95:Apollonius Cronus
935:
801:Euclid of Megara
780:
773:
766:
757:
756:
745:
728:
727:
704:
695:Zalta, Edward N.
685:
676:Zalta, Edward N.
666:
657:Zalta, Edward N.
647:
645:
643:
622:
612:
603:Zalta, Edward N.
586:
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541:
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245:The Masked Man (
183:Euclid of Megara
152:
87:Notable students
38:
19:
18:
943:
942:
938:
937:
936:
934:
933:
932:
898:
897:
896:
891:
872:Diodorus Cronus
840:
794:Megarian school
789:
784:
725:
653:"Ancient Logic"
641:
639:
620:
593:
560:
556:
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542:
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334:
307:
297:
287:
275:
259:
250:
237:
223:Diodorus Cronus
215:
203:Diodorus Cronus
187:Megarian school
175:
163:Megarian school
131:Sorites paradox
129:
123:
111:
101:
97:
93:
81:Megarian school
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
941:
931:
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839:
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828:
823:
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797:
795:
791:
790:
783:
782:
775:
768:
760:
754:
753:
746:
734:, ed. (1870).
732:Smith, William
722:
715:
705:
686:
667:
648:
631:(1): 159–184.
613:
592:
589:
588:
587:
555:
552:
550:
549:
536:
527:
514:
501:
499:, p. 166.
486:
474:
462:
447:
435:
414:
399:
387:
371:
369:
366:
333:
330:
326:presupposition
310:
309:
300:
292:The Bald Man (
290:
277:
268:
252:
247:enkekalymmenos
243:
214:
211:
174:
171:
138:
137:
134:
133:
124:
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117:
112:
110:Main interests
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56:
52:
51:
48:
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40:
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31:
30:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
940:
929:
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733:
723:
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619:
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584:
580:
579:
573:
568:
558:
557:
546:
540:
531:
525:, Theaetetus.
524:
518:
512:, 24, 25, 22.
511:
505:
498:
493:
491:
483:
478:
471:
470:Laërtius 1925
466:
459:
454:
452:
444:
443:Laërtius 1925
439:
432:
428:
427:Orat. de Mag.
424:
418:
411:
410:
403:
396:
395:Laërtius 1925
391:
384:
383:Laërtius 1925
379:
377:
372:
365:
363:
359:
355:
354:Aulus Gellius
351:
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319:
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254:The Electra (
253:
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228:
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180:
177:According to
170:
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144:
135:
132:
128:
125:
122:Notable ideas
119:
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107:
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96:
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85:
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67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
32:
27:
20:
815:
811:Thrasymachus
749:
739:
718:
711:
710:, N. (2001)
698:
679:
660:
640:. Retrieved
628:
624:
606:
576:
544:
539:
530:
522:
517:
509:
504:
497:Bobzien 2012
477:
465:
438:
430:
426:
425:; Apuleius,
423:Vit. X Orat.
422:
417:
407:
402:
390:
335:
311:
303:
293:
281:
272:dialanthanôn
271:
255:
246:
231:
216:
176:
142:
141:
127:Liar paradox
852:Clinomachus
736:"Eubilides"
508:Aristotle,
431:Bibliotheca
429:; Photius,
302:The Horns (
232:pseudomenos
195:Demosthenes
159:philosopher
91:Demosthenes
902:Categories
887:Panthoides
591:References
523:Euthydemus
458:Smith 1870
421:Plutarch,
358:Saturnalia
346:Chrysippus
306:) paradox:
296:) paradox:
280:The Heap (
274:) paradox:
258:) paradox:
249:) paradox:
230:The Liar (
151:Εὑβουλίδης
29:Εὐβουλίδης
867:Dionysius
862:Euphantus
816:Eubulides
482:Hyde 2018
338:Aristotle
304:keratinês
299:baldness.
294:phalakros
284:) paradox
234:) paradox
219:paradoxes
207:Euphantus
191:Aristotle
167:paradoxes
143:Eubulides
115:Paradoxes
99:Euphantus
23:Eubulides
882:Alexinus
831:Pasicles
826:Nicarete
806:Ichthyas
569:(1925).
547:, 45. 8.
545:Epistles
543:Seneca,
314:the Liar
103:Alexinus
708:Rescher
697:(ed.).
678:(ed.).
659:(ed.).
642:23 June
605:(ed.).
521:Plato,
282:sôritês
265:Orestes
261:Electra
256:Elektra
161:of the
155:Miletus
836:Bryson
821:Stilpo
729:
564:
472:, 111.
445:, 110.
397:, 109.
385:, 108.
362:Seneca
360:, but
348:, the
332:Legacy
157:was a
76:School
65:Region
877:Philo
693:. In
674:. In
655:. In
621:(PDF)
601:. In
433:, 265
412:xv. 2
368:Notes
350:Stoic
342:Plato
147:Greek
644:2023
173:Life
43:Born
633:doi
240:lie
225::
55:Era
904::
738:.
629:15
627:.
623:.
575:.
489:^
450:^
375:^
344:.
328:.
209:.
169:.
149::
779:e
772:t
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744:.
703:.
684:.
665:.
646:.
635::
611:.
484:.
460:.
286::
236::
145:(
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