645:
661:
493:
42:
559:, John Doukas's son. The news reached Constantinople a few days later, causing much shock in the populace. On 1 October the Senate declared Romanos IV deposed and proclaimed Eudokia and Michael VII as joint rulers. Some sources state that Eudokia was already planning on deposing her husband, but this is very unlikely. The new regime only lasted one month, when Eudokia's opposition became strong enough to depose her, especially after news of Romanos release arrived at the capital. Michael VII was then proclaimed sole
1928:
623:). It is prefaced by an address to her husband, Romanos Diogenes, and the work is described as "a collection of genealogies of gods, heroes, and heroines, of their metamorphoses, and of the fables and stories respecting them found in the ancients; containing also notices of various philosophers". However, the book is now thought to be a modern (16th-century) compilation, falsely attributed to Eudokia, and compiled by the counterfeiter
1958:
517:, was also made co-emperor by Romanos IV, although he had been excluded from power by his own father, mother, and brothers. He was probably crowned too in 1068, although he is ignored by contemporary chronicles. Contemporary coinage seems to depict Romanos as inferior to Michael and his brothers, and thus inferior to the empress. He is sometimes not even called "emperor", as some
677:
596:, Eudokia was recalled to Constantinople by the new emperor, who offered to marry her. This plan did not come to pass, mainly due to the opposition of John Doukas, who returned to power after Nikephoritzes's exile. However, Nikephoros still sent her many rewards and gifts of gratitude. Her date of death is unknown, but it was sometime after the accession of
449:, Eudokia "succeeded as supreme ruler, she did not hand over the government to others... she assumed control of the whole administration in person. Michael VII was "already long past his boyhood" by this time, but nevertheless "left the whole administration to his mother". Some authors argue that he had some type of mental disability.
461:). Some inscriptions of 1067 ascribe the masculine title Emperor to her. On a tetarteron probably of late 1067, the inscription reads 'Eudokia and Michael, emperors', and on a seal, probably dated between May and December 1067, the inscription reads 'Eudokia, Michael and Constantios, emperors of the Romaioi'.
488:
in preparation for his coronation. However, they still needed the approval of the patriarch of
Constantinople. According to some sources, Eudokia tricked John VIII into believing that she would marry one of his brothers. John VIII accepted the offer and canceled the oath. The marriage and imperial
472:, a general who had great popularity with the army. This decision was quite controversial, as Romanos had been accused of conspiring with the Hungarians shortly before Constantine X's death. Eudokia hoped that his skills and leadership would stop the advance of the
535:
for
Eudokia. According to Michael Psellos, she explicitly referred to him as "a subject, not a ruler." Romanos IV, however, soon started to act independently of her, even starting to resent her. Discontent was also shared by a faction of the Senate and army, with
452:
Her status as a ruler is reflected in her coinage and public iconography. For example, she sometimes appeared on silver and copper coins without her sons, which was very unusual. One inscription on a silver reliquary calls her "Great
Empress of the Romans"
644:
660:
430:
as co-regents. Eudokia was meant to only take care of
Michael and Konstantios, but Constantine knew that she had larger ambitions. Constantine died the next year, on 23 May 1067.
1943:
336:
Because she essentially ruled in her own right during her sole regencies and retained the title of empress, several modern scholars consider
Eudokia to have been
356:, whose sister had married Makrembolites. John, who belonged to the aristocracy of Constantinople, allied with Cerularius in 1040 to conspire against Emperor
1972:
1597:
581:
who had also been exiled, to restore
Romanos IV and depose John Doukas. However, Doukas soon fell from grace as a result of the schemes of eunuch
801:
One chronicle states that their joint rule began on 1 October and that it lasted "one month". Schreiner dates
Eudokia's fall to 1 November.
1948:
676:
4389:
4211:
3466:
556:
278:
2085:
373:
417:, who was crowned before his brother Michael, and an other daughter, Zoe. When Constantine fell ill in October 1066, he appointed
4409:
2610:
4429:
4287:
4253:
4095:
3475:
3404:
3272:
1821:
1689:
1668:
1505:
1480:
3437:
Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper
4414:
4369:
4364:
2617:
1655:
1967:
468:. However, she knew that her position of power could be compromised if she continued to wield power alone. She then chose
4424:
4379:
4216:
3240:
1809:
400:
4161:
3958:
1916:
1748:
505:
With her new husband's assistance, Eudokia was able to dispel the impending danger. She had two sons with
Romanos IV,
3740:
1897:
1849:
1789:
1769:
1727:
1639:
1609:
1567:
555:. The Byzantine army was destroyed and the emperor himself was captured, partly because of the treachery of general
464:
Eudokia had sworn on
Constantine's deathbed not to remarry, and she even made the oath in the presence of patriarch
364:
1030. Some authors give her a lifespan of 1021–1096, but this is not corroborated by other sources. Eudokia married
4394:
3988:
3206:
3189:
3016:
3004:
372:
1049, when
Constantine was 43 years old. She was Constantine's second wife, as his first one, a daughter of Duke
3963:
3892:
3177:
2969:
2931:
2891:
2858:
1718:
716:
514:
381:
234:
1865:
4399:
4374:
4044:
3983:
3459:
3392:
3218:
3045:
3011:
2975:
2864:
1963:
1861:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa: was she implicated in the removal of her husband, Romanos IV Diogenes, from power?"
573:
Eudokia continued to be influential even after her exile in 1071. Soon after her deposition, she allied with
4171:
4100:
4085:
3953:
3785:
3770:
3033:
2078:
360:, but their plan was stopped soon after. The birth date of Eudokia is unknown, but scholars often place it
1712:
589:
family. Eudokia later performed a memorable funeral and burial for Romanos IV, who died on 4 August 1072.
4033:
3626:
3114:
2793:
2259:
357:
353:
333:. When he was deposed in 1071 she resumed the regency for her sons, but was soon forced to resign again.
110:
4419:
3424:
3380:
3358:
3309:
3196:
2987:
2756:
2098:
1559:
593:
52:
32:
4206:
4090:
4028:
3994:
3707:
3331:
3299:
3124:
2304:
2063:
2045:
1841:
651:
492:
4038:
3452:
3341:
3294:
2841:
2488:
1660:
1056:
A History of the Roman Emperors: From the Accession of Augustus to the Fall of the Last Constantine
4384:
4113:
3973:
3745:
3730:
3129:
2903:
2783:
2071:
722:
385:
238:
419:
4308:
3837:
3647:
3419:
3398:
3304:
2094:
2013:
1860:
624:
489:
coronation took place on 1 January 1068, to the surprise of the patriarch and other officials.
1759:
445:
who actually ruled in her own right, rather than just a regent. According to the contemporary
376:, died soon after their marriage. By 1059 they already had at least five children: the future
4181:
4119:
4050:
3907:
3519:
3353:
3348:
3324:
3319:
3235:
3072:
3060:
2831:
2456:
2038:
1779:
1679:
1631:
1581:
1553:
1534:
1050:
434:
299:
4338:
indicates a consort to an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper, and
4359:
4282:
4201:
4060:
3968:
3795:
3601:
3564:
3336:
3284:
3144:
3119:
3084:
2999:
2913:
2763:
2594:
601:
537:
465:
427:
423:
396:
365:
349:
314:
168:
631:
8:
4260:
4243:
4223:
4186:
4166:
4018:
3652:
3267:
3252:
3230:
3165:
3154:
3109:
3055:
2545:
2483:
2446:
758:
687:
552:
506:
469:
330:
318:
252:
193:
28:
4233:
4191:
4151:
4106:
4013:
3887:
3559:
3534:
3314:
3257:
3201:
3183:
3172:
3134:
3104:
2982:
2700:
2604:
2354:
2323:
2316:
762:
747:
736:
704:
667:
597:
498:
414:
242:
226:
103:
41:
4404:
4315:
4144:
3943:
3877:
3760:
3735:
3724:
3662:
3616:
3279:
3225:
3066:
2964:
2939:
2788:
2650:
2386:
2371:
2249:
2217:
1912:
1893:
1845:
1817:
1785:
1765:
1744:
1723:
1707:
1695:
1685:
1664:
1635:
1605:
1563:
1501:
1476:
743:
310:
217:
4070:
4320:
4265:
4176:
4156:
4139:
4075:
4055:
3926:
3897:
3847:
3692:
3636:
3594:
3584:
3574:
3509:
3409:
3386:
3289:
3262:
3247:
3213:
3139:
3099:
3089:
2814:
2741:
2711:
2574:
2529:
2524:
2396:
1874:
1831:
578:
409:
404:
4270:
700:
By her first husband, Eudokia had seven children, four sons and three daughters:
600:
in 1081. Her last known action is the adoption of one of the cousins of Patriarch
4228:
4196:
4129:
4080:
4000:
3825:
3820:
3805:
3780:
3702:
3657:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3524:
3499:
3050:
3040:
2949:
2736:
2644:
2632:
2626:
2478:
2299:
2269:
2212:
2192:
2055:
1887:
1835:
1738:
1650:
1619:
1530:
1054:
446:
442:
337:
3444:
4275:
4134:
4065:
4008:
3815:
3667:
3611:
3606:
3579:
3529:
3504:
2944:
2908:
2853:
2746:
2669:
2567:
2561:
2493:
2473:
2227:
2187:
789:
730:
726:
574:
413:
soon after, probably on the same year. They had a fourth son around this time,
290:
1799:
348:
Eudokia Makrembolitissa was the daughter of John Makrembolites and a niece of
4353:
4303:
4248:
4238:
3938:
3902:
3862:
3857:
3755:
3672:
3414:
3374:
2918:
2726:
2534:
2006:
1990:
1939:
1934:
1699:
1593:
1577:
582:
548:
121:
77:
1878:
3642:
3554:
3159:
2954:
2886:
2881:
2871:
2694:
2556:
2197:
768:
510:
473:
256:
1681:
Imperial Women in Byzantium 1025-1204 : Power, Patronage and Ideology
750:. They had a son, Alexios, and two daughters, maybe named Anne and Alexia.
666:
Miniature of Constantine X and Eudokia alongside their son and co-emperor
3589:
3023:
2898:
2848:
2773:
2347:
2294:
2237:
484:
377:
326:
99:
66:
1623:
739:, co-emperor from 1060 to 1078, died in battle with the Normans in 1081.
457:), suggesting that she had a higher status than her sons (who were only
3810:
3484:
3079:
2994:
2959:
2924:
2836:
2751:
2511:
2504:
2451:
2431:
2376:
2341:
2334:
2279:
2244:
2107:
2023:
815:
683:
607:
Attributed to Eudokia is a dictionary of history and mythology, called
561:
544:
519:
127:
87:
2093:
565:
by John Doukas, who forced Eudokia to retire to a monastery as a nun.
476:
in the East. On 25 December, Eudokia rewarded Romanos with the titles
3867:
3712:
3514:
2826:
2778:
2688:
2675:
2462:
2391:
2364:
2359:
2328:
2274:
2222:
2157:
2152:
819:
810:
The inscription reads: "Constantine Doukas in Christ the Lord, pious
478:
4023:
3948:
3831:
3697:
3682:
3094:
2876:
2768:
2721:
2681:
2663:
2583:
2518:
2498:
2468:
2441:
2436:
2421:
2411:
2381:
2289:
2284:
2232:
2207:
2202:
2167:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2050:
23 November 1059 – 23 May 1067 and 1 January 1068 – 1 October 1071
1555:
The glory of Byzantium: art and culture of the Middle Byzantine era
811:
586:
531:
525:
1933:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
437:
counted Eudocia among the monarchs of the Byzantine Empire in his
3978:
3912:
3882:
3765:
3750:
3569:
3028:
2731:
2638:
2551:
2406:
2182:
263:
3872:
3718:
2800:
2657:
2539:
2311:
2177:
1500:. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 147.
322:
268:
1813:
1454:
1452:
853:
851:
3775:
3494:
2401:
2172:
2162:
2142:
1214:
1212:
1128:
1126:
754:
By her second husband, she had two sons, most likely twins:
2147:
2137:
1498:
Land and privilege in Byzantium: the institution of pronoia
1449:
1350:
1348:
848:
635:
630:
1540. The sources from which the work was compiled include
1952:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1282:
1280:
1278:
1209:
1123:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1004:
1002:
1000:
985:
1586:
History of the Byzantine and Greek Empires from 1057–1453
1412:
1410:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1333:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1251:
1172:
1170:
1168:
836:
1345:
1292:
1239:
1099:
1087:
1063:
924:
922:
1365:
1363:
1321:
1275:
1263:
1199:
1197:
1155:
1153:
1014:
997:
946:
1439:
1437:
1407:
1375:
1304:
1165:
1138:
1031:
963:
961:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
1973:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
1397:
1395:
1229:
1227:
1075:
919:
707:, co-emperor from 1060 and senior emperor after 1071.
1588:. William Blackwood & Sonspages. pp. 24–36.
1360:
1194:
1150:
934:
1434:
958:
888:
304:
1711:
1392:
1224:
1182:
818:of the Romans / Eudokia in Christ the Lord, great
3474:
1781:The Portrait in Byzantine Illuminated Manuscripts
1602:Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium
1422:
329:in 1067, and resigned her regency by marriage to
4351:
1909:Diogenes Laertius: Lives of Eminent Philosophers
1722:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
368:sometime before his accession in 1059, probably
1111:
973:
3460:
2079:
863:
513:. Another of Eudokia and Constantine's sons,
4334:indicates a consort to a junior co-emperor,
1911:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 7–9.
1837:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
1758:Sághy, Marianne; Robert, Ousterhout (2019),
792:. The red hair seems to be a later addition.
650:Constantine X and Eudokia in a reliquary of
343:
1777:
1757:
1552:Evans, Helen C.; Wixom, William D. (1997).
857:
842:
609:
496:15th-century portrait of Eudokia, from the
3467:
3453:
2086:
2072:
1551:
1458:
40:
1907:Dorandi, Tiziano (2013). "Introduction".
1885:
1830:
1797:
1354:
1298:
1069:
952:
592:After Michael VII was deposed in 1078 by
46:Contemporary miniature of empress Eudokia
1938:
1858:
1618:
1495:
1369:
1286:
1059:. Baldwin, Cradock and Joy. p. 304.
1025:
1008:
967:
491:
1906:
1740:The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History
1592:
1470:
1443:
1416:
1386:
1315:
1218:
1176:
1144:
1132:
1037:
991:
928:
208: 1068; died 1072)
183: 1049; died 1067)
4352:
1736:
1576:
1475:. London: Penguin Books. p. 301.
1327:
1269:
1203:
1159:
1081:
441:. Some historians regard Eudokia as a
3448:
2067:
1962:
1764:, Central European University Press,
1428:
1049:
33:Empress and Autocratess of the Romans
1677:
1656:Prosopography of the Byzantine World
1401:
1233:
1188:
543:On 26 August 1071, Romanos IV faced
1810:Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae
1529:
1339:
1257:
1245:
1105:
1093:
403:on 23 November 1059, the day after
16:Byzantine Empress from 1059 to 1071
13:
1719:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
407:' abdication. Eudokia was crowned
14:
4441:
1889:Byzantium: An Illustrated History
380:, an unnamed son who died young,
4390:11th-century Byzantine empresses
1956:
1926:
1801:Die byzantinischen Kleinchronike
1743:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
1630:. Vol. 3. Washington D.C.:
1628:Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins
675:
659:
643:
65:(also regent for her co-emperor
1706:
1684:. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
1649:Jeffreys, Michael, ed. (2016).
1648:
1604:. Routledge. pp. 168–179.
1518:
1489:
1464:
1117:
1043:
979:
940:
913:
882:
804:
795:
719:, co-emperor from 1068 to 1078.
340:in 1067 and some also in 1071.
313:by her successive marriages to
205:
180:
4410:11th-century Byzantine writers
782:
1:
4430:Mothers of Byzantine emperors
4342:incidates an empress regnant.
1968:"Eudocia Augusta Macrembolis"
1778:Spatharakis, Ioannis (1976),
1471:Norwich, John Julius (1993).
829:
627:
568:
439:History of the Roman Emperors
369:
361:
142:
4172:Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera
7:
4415:11th-century Byzantine nuns
4370:Remarried empresses consort
4365:Byzantine empresses regnant
1866:Revue des études byzantines
1859:Vratimos, Antonios (2003).
1761:Piroska and the Pantokrator
1582:"Regency of Eudocia (1067)"
354:patriarch of Constantinople
305:
10:
4446:
4425:11th-century women regents
4380:11th-century women writers
3359:Constantine XI Palaiologos
3310:Andronikos III Palaiologos
3197:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
2018:23 May – 31 December 1067
1806:Byzantine small chronicles
1560:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1496:Bartusis, Mark C. (2012).
742:Zoe Doukaina, who married
710:A son who died in infancy.
594:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
455:megalē basilis tōn Romaiōn
391:
4329:
4296:
4207:Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
3925:
3846:
3794:
3708:Flavia Maximiana Theodora
3681:
3625:
3483:
3435:
3367:
3332:Andronikos IV Palaiologos
3300:Andronikos II Palaiologos
3125:Constantine IX Monomachos
2813:
2710:
2593:
2420:
2258:
2106:
2052:
2046:Byzantine empress consort
2043:
2035:
2030:
2020:
2014:Byzantine empress regnant
2011:
2003:
1998:
1984:
1976:, vol. 2, p. 80
1842:Stanford University Press
1798:Schreiner, Peter (1975).
1713:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"
1651:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"
1624:"Eudocia Macrembolitissa"
1598:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"
788:Previously thought to be
652:Demetrius of Thessaloniki
610:
344:Background and early life
294:
274:
262:
216:
157:
149:
138:
134:
116:
111:Byzantine empress consort
109:
93:
83:
73:
63:23 May – 31 December 1067
59:
53:Byzantine empress regnant
51:
39:
26:
21:
3295:Michael VIII Palaiologos
1986:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
1886:McLachlan, Sean (2004).
1840:. Stanford, California:
1473:Byzantium. 2: The apogee
775:
695:
4395:Byzantine women writers
4125:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
3731:Flavia Julia Constantia
3150:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
2784:Tiberius II Constantine
1949:Encyclopædia Britannica
1944:Eudocia Macrembolitissa
1879:10.3406/rebyz.2013.4998
843:Sághy & Robert 2019
746:, a brother of Emperor
585:, who was close to the
306:Evdokía Makremvolítissa
295:Εὐδοκία Μακρεμβολίτισσα
287:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
22:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
3648:Marcia Otacilia Severa
3305:Michael IX Palaiologos
1678:Hill, Barbara (2014).
1459:Evans & Wixom 1997
1051:Elton, Charles Abraham
765:on charges of treason.
761:, blinded by order of
654:, by John Autoreianos.
625:Constantine Paleocappa
529:and reserve the title
502:
374:Constantine Dalassenos
126:1068–1071 (as wife of
120:1059–1067 (as wife of
4212:Theodora Palaiologina
4182:Anna Komnene Angelina
4120:Catherine of Bulgaria
4051:Eudokia Dekapolitissa
3520:Agrippina the Younger
3399:Thessalonian emperors
3393:Trapezuntine emperors
3354:John VIII Palaiologos
3349:Manuel II Palaiologos
3320:John VI Kantakouzenos
3236:Andronikos I Komnenos
3073:Constantine Lekapenos
2101:and empresses regnant
2039:Catherine of Bulgaria
1737:Haldon, John (2005).
1661:King's College London
1632:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
943:, p. 1272, 1361.
577:, a sister-in-law of
495:
435:Charles Abraham Elton
4400:Makrembolites family
4375:11th-century regents
4283:Sophia of Montferrat
4202:Anna of Hohenstaufen
4061:Theophano Martinakia
3969:Theodora of Khazaria
3602:Julia Cornelia Paula
3565:Faustina the Younger
3337:John VII Palaiologos
3285:Theodore II Laskaris
3145:Constantine X Doukas
3085:Nikephoros II Phokas
1892:. Hippocrene Books.
1634:. pp. 779–784.
602:Michael I Cerularius
466:John VIII Xiphilinos
428:John VIII Xiphilinos
397:Constantine X Doukas
384:, Anna Doukaina and
366:Constantine X Doukas
350:Michael I Cerularius
315:Constantine X Doukas
169:Constantine X Doukas
4261:Keratsa of Bulgaria
4244:Helena Kantakouzene
4224:Irene of Montferrat
4187:Philippa of Armenia
4167:Margaret of Hungary
4019:Theophano of Athens
3838:Julius Nepos's wife
3653:Herennia Etruscilla
3476:Roman and Byzantine
3268:Theodore I Laskaris
3253:Alexios III Angelos
3231:Alexios II Komnenos
3155:Romanos IV Diogenes
3110:Romanos III Argyros
3056:Romanos I Lekapenos
1221:, pp. 173−174.
1135:, pp. 170−172.
994:, pp. 168–169.
759:Nikephoros Diogenes
713:Anne Doukaina, nun.
688:Romanos IV Diogenes
553:Battle of Manzikert
470:Romanos IV Diogenes
331:Romanos IV Diogenes
319:Romanos IV Diogenes
253:Nikephoros Diogenes
194:Romanos IV Diogenes
4288:Maria of Trebizond
4254:Irene Palaiologina
4234:Irene of Brunswick
4192:Maria of Courtenay
4152:Bertha of Sulzbach
3560:Faustina the Elder
3535:Statilia Messalina
3387:Britannic emperors
3381:Palmyrene emperors
3315:John V Palaiologos
3258:Alexios IV Angelos
3207:Constantine Doukas
3202:Alexios I Komnenos
3190:Constantine Doukas
3173:Michael VII Doukas
3135:Michael VI Bringas
2701:Romulus Augustulus
2324:Trebonianus Gallus
2317:Herennius Etruscus
2099:Byzantine emperors
1708:Kazhdan, Alexander
763:Alexios I Comnenus
748:Alexios I Komnenos
737:Konstantios Doukas
705:Michael VII Doukas
668:Michael VII Doukas
598:Alexios I Komnenos
551:, at the decisive
503:
499:Mutinensis gr. 122
415:Konstantios Doukas
325:of her minor son,
243:Konstantios Doukas
227:Michael VII Doukas
104:Konstantios Doukas
4420:Byzantine regents
4347:
4346:
4316:Byzantine emperor
4145:Dobrodeia of Kiev
3921:
3920:
3725:Valeria Maximilla
3663:Cornelia Salonina
3617:Sallustia Orbiana
3442:
3441:
3280:John III Vatatzes
3226:Manuel I Komnenos
2965:Michael I Rangabe
2809:
2808:
2651:Petronius Maximus
2250:Severus Alexander
2218:Septimius Severus
2062:
2061:
2053:Succeeded by
2021:Succeeded by
1832:Treadgold, Warren
1823:978-3-7001-0206-9
1691:978-1-317-88466-8
1670:978-1-908951-20-5
1545:Secondary sources
1507:978-1-107-00962-2
1482:978-0-14-011448-5
1461:, pp. 77–78.
1330:, pp. 31–33.
1272:, pp. 24–25.
860:, pp. 27–34.
771:, died in battle.
744:Adrianos Komnenos
723:Theodora Doukaina
717:Andronikos Doukas
632:Diogenes Laërtius
515:Andronikos Doukas
386:Theodora Doukaina
382:Andronikos Doukas
311:Byzantine empress
303:
284:
283:
239:Theodora Doukaina
235:Andronikos Doukas
4437:
4266:Irene Gattilusio
4177:Eudokia Angelina
4157:Maria of Antioch
4140:Irene of Hungary
4076:Zoe Karbonopsina
4056:Eudokia Ingerina
3929:Byzantine Empire
3792:
3791:
3637:Caecilia Paulina
3595:Fulvia Plautilla
3585:Manlia Scantilla
3575:Bruttia Crispina
3510:Milonia Caesonia
3469:
3462:
3455:
3446:
3445:
3290:John IV Laskaris
3263:Alexios V Doukas
3248:Isaac II Angelos
3214:John II Komnenos
3140:Isaac I Komnenos
3100:Constantine VIII
3090:John I Tzimiskes
2817:Byzantine Empire
2591:
2590:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2036:Preceded by
2004:Preceded by
1982:
1981:
1977:
1960:
1959:
1953:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1922:
1903:
1882:
1855:
1827:
1794:
1774:
1754:
1733:
1715:
1703:
1674:
1645:
1620:Grierson, Philip
1615:
1589:
1573:
1540:
1531:Psellos, Michael
1512:
1511:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1447:
1441:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1405:
1399:
1390:
1384:
1373:
1367:
1358:
1352:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1302:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1222:
1216:
1207:
1201:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1163:
1157:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1012:
1006:
995:
989:
983:
977:
971:
965:
956:
950:
944:
938:
932:
926:
917:
911:
886:
880:
861:
858:Spatharakis 1976
855:
846:
840:
823:
808:
802:
799:
793:
786:
679:
663:
647:
629:
613:
612:
579:Isaac I Komnenos
547:, sultan of the
405:Isaac I Komnenos
371:
363:
308:
298:
296:
223:by Constantine X
209:
207:
184:
182:
144:
96:
44:
19:
18:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4325:
4292:
4229:Rita of Armenia
4217:Anna of Hungary
4197:Irene Laskarina
4162:Agnes of France
4130:Maria of Alania
4081:Helena Lekapene
3931:
3928:
3917:
3850:
3842:
3826:Marcia Euphemia
3821:Licinia Eudoxia
3798:
3790:
3781:Aelia Flaccilla
3703:Galeria Valeria
3685:
3677:
3658:Cornelia Supera
3629:
3621:
3550:Pompeia Plotina
3545:Domitia Longina
3540:Galeria Fundana
3525:Claudia Octavia
3500:Livia Orestilla
3487:
3479:
3473:
3443:
3438:
3431:
3375:Gallic emperors
3363:
3051:Constantine VII
2832:Constantine III
2819:
2816:
2805:
2714:
2706:
2645:Valentinian III
2633:Constantius III
2627:Priscus Attalus
2611:Constantine III
2597:
2589:
2479:Valerius Valens
2424:
2416:
2262:
2254:
2213:Didius Julianus
2193:Marcus Aurelius
2110:
2102:
2092:
2058:
2056:Maria of Alania
2049:
2041:
2026:
2017:
2009:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1957:
1942:, ed. (1911). "
1927:
1925:
1919:
1900:
1852:
1824:
1792:
1772:
1751:
1730:
1692:
1671:
1642:
1612:
1570:
1524:Primary sources
1521:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1469:
1465:
1457:
1450:
1442:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1415:
1408:
1400:
1393:
1385:
1376:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1346:
1338:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1314:
1305:
1297:
1293:
1285:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1232:
1225:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1166:
1158:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1131:
1124:
1120:, p. 1366.
1116:
1112:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1015:
1007:
998:
990:
986:
978:
974:
966:
959:
951:
947:
939:
935:
927:
920:
912:
889:
881:
864:
856:
849:
841:
837:
832:
827:
826:
822:of the Romans."
809:
805:
800:
796:
787:
783:
778:
698:
691:
680:
671:
664:
655:
648:
571:
447:Michael Psellos
443:empress regnant
401:crowned emperor
394:
346:
338:empress regnant
321:. She acted as
255:
251:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
231:
229:
225:
212:
211:
203:
199:
196:
186:
178:
174:
171:
125:
94:
64:
47:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4443:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4385:Doukid dynasty
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4345:
4344:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4276:Anna of Moscow
4268:
4263:
4258:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4137:
4135:Irene Doukaina
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4071:Eudokia Baïana
4068:
4066:Zoe Zaoutzaina
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4009:Maria of Amnia
4006:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3848:Eastern Empire
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3816:Galla Placidia
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3796:Western Empire
3789:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3721:
3716:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3668:Ulpia Severina
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3633:
3631:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3612:Annia Faustina
3609:
3607:Aquilia Severa
3604:
3599:
3587:
3582:
3580:Flavia Titiana
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3530:Poppaea Sabina
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3505:Lollia Paulina
3502:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3488:27 BC – AD 235
3481:
3480:
3472:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3390:
3384:
3378:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3334:
3329:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3211:
3199:
3194:
3170:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3130:Theodora (III)
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3026:
3021:
3009:
2997:
2992:
2980:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2945:Constantine VI
2942:
2937:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2909:Theodosius III
2906:
2901:
2896:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2854:Constantine IV
2851:
2846:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2716:
2712:Eastern Empire
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2673:
2666:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2642:
2635:
2630:
2623:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2595:Western Empire
2588:
2587:
2580:
2568:Magnus Maximus
2564:
2562:Valentinian II
2559:
2554:
2549:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2496:
2494:Constantius II
2491:
2489:Constantine II
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2357:
2352:
2344:
2339:
2321:
2309:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2188:Antoninus Pius
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2111:27 BC – AD 235
2104:
2103:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2051:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2019:
2010:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1999:Regnal titles
1996:
1995:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1966:, ed. (1870),
1964:Smith, William
1954:
1940:Chisholm, Hugh
1923:
1918:978-0521886819
1917:
1904:
1898:
1883:
1856:
1850:
1828:
1822:
1795:
1790:
1775:
1770:
1755:
1750:978-0230243644
1749:
1734:
1728:
1710:, ed. (1991).
1704:
1690:
1675:
1669:
1646:
1640:
1616:
1610:
1594:Garland, Lynda
1590:
1578:Finlay, George
1574:
1568:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:. Vol. 7.
1520:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1488:
1481:
1463:
1448:
1433:
1421:
1419:, p. 178.
1406:
1391:
1389:, p. 177.
1374:
1359:
1357:, p. 161.
1355:Schreiner 1975
1344:
1332:
1320:
1318:, p. 176.
1303:
1301:, p. 170.
1299:Schreiner 1975
1291:
1289:, p. 780.
1274:
1262:
1250:
1238:
1223:
1208:
1193:
1181:
1179:, p. 173.
1164:
1149:
1147:, p. 172.
1137:
1122:
1110:
1098:
1086:
1084:, p. 176.
1074:
1072:, p. 236.
1070:McLachlan 2004
1062:
1042:
1040:, p. 169.
1030:
1028:, p. 764.
1013:
1011:, p. 779.
996:
984:
982:, p. 504.
972:
957:
955:, p. 608.
953:Treadgold 1997
945:
933:
931:, p. 168.
918:
887:
885:, p. 739.
862:
847:
845:, p. 162.
834:
833:
831:
828:
825:
824:
803:
794:
790:Irene Doukaina
780:
779:
777:
774:
773:
772:
766:
752:
751:
740:
734:
731:Doge of Venice
727:Domenico Selvo
725:, who married
720:
714:
711:
708:
697:
694:
693:
692:
681:
674:
672:
665:
658:
656:
649:
642:
621:Bed of Violets
575:Anna Dalassene
570:
567:
523:only call him
426:and patriarch
393:
390:
345:
342:
282:
281:
276:
272:
271:
266:
260:
259:
220:
214:
213:
201:
197:
192:
191:
190:
189:
176:
172:
167:
166:
165:
164:
161:
159:
155:
154:
151:
147:
146:
140:
136:
135:
132:
131:
118:
114:
113:
107:
106:
97:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
61:
57:
56:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4442:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:Roman emperor
4302:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4271:Helena Dragaš
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4249:Irene Asanina
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4239:Anna of Savoy
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4040:
4037:
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4032:
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4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
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3972:
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3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3939:Fabia Eudokia
3937:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3903:Ino Anastasia
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3863:Aelia Eudocia
3861:
3859:
3858:Aelia Eudoxia
3856:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3827:
3824:
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3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3756:Marina Severa
3754:
3752:
3749:
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3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
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3727:
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3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3673:Magnia Urbica
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
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3498:
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3486:
3482:
3477:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3434:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3012:Theodora (II)
3010:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2919:Constantine V
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2904:Anastasius II
2902:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2835:
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2828:
2825:
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2818:
2812:
2802:
2799:
2796:
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2790:
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2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2727:Theodosius II
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2535:Valentinian I
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
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2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2457:Constantine I
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2447:Constantius I
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
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2240:
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2159:
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2141:
2139:
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2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2034:
2031:Royal titles
2029:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2008:
2007:Constantine X
2002:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1991:Makrembolites
1983:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1935:public domain
1924:
1920:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1899:0-7818-1033-7
1895:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1851:0-8047-2630-2
1847:
1843:
1839:
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1833:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1791:9789633862971
1787:
1783:
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1776:
1773:
1771:9789633862971
1767:
1763:
1762:
1756:
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1746:
1742:
1741:
1735:
1731:
1729:0-19-504652-8
1725:
1721:
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1697:
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1643:
1641:0-88402-012-6
1637:
1633:
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1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1611:9781134756384
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
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1587:
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1571:
1569:9780810965072
1565:
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1532:
1528:
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1509:
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1467:
1460:
1455:
1453:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1430:
1425:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1404:, p. 65.
1403:
1398:
1396:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1371:
1370:Vratimos 2003
1366:
1364:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1342:, Romanos 23.
1341:
1336:
1329:
1324:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1300:
1295:
1288:
1287:Grierson 1973
1283:
1281:
1279:
1271:
1266:
1260:, Romanos 10.
1259:
1254:
1247:
1242:
1236:, p. 64.
1235:
1230:
1228:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1206:, p. 25.
1205:
1200:
1198:
1191:, p. 63.
1190:
1185:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1162:, p. 24.
1161:
1156:
1154:
1146:
1141:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1083:
1078:
1071:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1026:Grierson 1973
1022:
1020:
1018:
1010:
1009:Grierson 1973
1005:
1003:
1001:
993:
988:
981:
976:
969:
968:Chisholm 1911
964:
962:
954:
949:
942:
937:
930:
925:
923:
915:
910:
908:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
884:
879:
877:
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873:
871:
869:
867:
859:
854:
852:
844:
839:
835:
821:
817:
813:
807:
798:
791:
785:
781:
770:
767:
764:
760:
757:
756:
755:
749:
745:
741:
738:
735:
732:
728:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
702:
701:
689:
685:
678:
673:
669:
662:
657:
653:
646:
641:
640:
639:
637:
633:
626:
622:
618:
614:
605:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
583:Nikephoritzes
580:
576:
566:
564:
563:
558:
554:
550:
549:Seljuk Empire
546:
541:
540:at the head.
539:
534:
533:
528:
527:
522:
521:
516:
512:
508:
501:
500:
494:
490:
487:
486:
481:
480:
475:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
450:
448:
444:
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416:
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411:
406:
402:
398:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
367:
359:
355:
351:
341:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
307:
301:
292:
288:
280:
277:
273:
270:
267:
265:
261:
258:
254:
250:
249:by Romanos IV
244:
240:
236:
232:Anne Doukaina
228:
224:
221:
219:
215:
195:
188:
187:
170:
163:
162:
160:
156:
152:
148:
141:
137:
133:
129:
123:
122:Constantine X
119:
115:
112:
108:
105:
101:
98:
92:
89:
86:
82:
79:
78:Constantine X
76:
72:
68:
62:
58:
54:
50:
43:
38:
35:
34:
30:
25:
20:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4274:
4252:
4215:
4143:
4124:
4112:
4105:
4043:
4001:
3993:
3830:
3723:
3643:Tranquillina
3593:
3555:Vibia Sabina
3342:Andronikos V
3340:
3323:
3271:
3239:
3217:
3205:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3164:
3158:
3149:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3032:
3015:
3003:
2986:
2974:
2968:
2955:Nikephoros I
2930:
2929:
2923:
2890:
2887:Justinian II
2882:Tiberius III
2872:Justinian II
2863:
2857:
2840:
2792:
2764:Anastasius I
2755:
2699:
2695:Julius Nepos
2687:
2680:
2668:
2656:
2649:
2637:
2625:
2616:
2615:
2609:
2582:
2573:
2572:
2566:
2557:Theodosius I
2544:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2474:Maximinus II
2461:
2363:
2346:
2333:
2327:
2315:
2303:
2236:
2198:Lucius Verus
2044:
2012:
1989:
1971:
1947:
1908:
1888:
1870:
1864:
1836:
1805:
1800:
1780:
1760:
1739:
1717:
1680:
1654:
1627:
1601:
1585:
1558:. New York:
1554:
1544:
1543:
1536:Cronographia
1535:
1523:
1522:
1519:Bibliography
1497:
1491:
1472:
1466:
1444:Dorandi 2013
1424:
1417:Garland 2002
1387:Garland 2002
1335:
1323:
1316:Garland 2002
1294:
1265:
1253:
1248:, Eudocia 8.
1241:
1219:Garland 2002
1184:
1177:Garland 2002
1145:Garland 2002
1140:
1133:Garland 2002
1113:
1108:, Eudocia 2.
1101:
1096:, Eudocia 1.
1089:
1077:
1065:
1055:
1045:
1038:Garland 2002
1033:
992:Garland 2002
987:
975:
948:
936:
929:Garland 2002
916:, Eudokia 1.
838:
806:
797:
784:
769:Leo Diogenes
753:
699:
690:and Eudokia.
620:
616:
608:
606:
591:
572:
560:
542:
530:
524:
518:
504:
497:
483:
477:
474:Seljuk Turks
463:
458:
454:
451:
438:
432:
418:
408:
395:
347:
335:
286:
285:
257:Leo Diogenes
248:
246:Zoe Doukaina
222:
27:
4360:1030 births
4336:underlining
3908:Constantina
3590:Julia Domna
3401:(1224–1242)
3395:(1204–1461)
3184:Konstantios
3061:Christopher
3034:Constantine
3024:Michael III
3005:Constantine
2988:Constantine
2970:Theophylact
2899:Philippicus
2849:Constans II
2774:Justinian I
2670:Severus III
2618:Constans II
2372:Claudius II
2348:Silbannacus
2295:Gordian III
2270:Maximinus I
2238:Diadumenian
1873:: 277–284.
1328:Finlay 1877
1270:Finlay 1877
1204:Finlay 1877
1160:Finlay 1877
1082:Haldon 2005
538:John Doukas
485:stratelates
424:John Doukas
378:Michael VII
327:Michael VII
100:Michael VII
95:Co-emperors
74:Predecessor
67:Michael VII
4354:Categories
4039:Euphrosyne
3811:Thermantia
3771:Constantia
3485:Principate
3178:Andronikos
3166:Nikephoros
3115:Michael IV
3080:Romanos II
3000:Theophilos
2995:Michael II
2976:Staurakios
2960:Staurakios
2932:Nikephoros
2925:Artabasdos
2837:Heraclonas
2794:Theodosius
2752:Basiliscus
2512:Nepotianus
2505:Magnentius
2499:Constans I
2452:Severus II
2432:Diocletian
2377:Quintillus
2342:Aemilianus
2335:Volusianus
2280:Gordian II
2245:Elagabalus
2108:Principate
2024:Romanos IV
1812:. Vienna:
1429:Smith 1870
830:References
816:Autokrator
684:tetarteron
617:Collection
569:Later life
562:autokrator
557:Andronikos
545:Alp Arslan
520:tetarteron
507:Nikephoros
358:Michael IV
153:after 1081
128:Romanos IV
88:Romanos IV
4091:Theophano
4029:Theodosia
4004:of Athens
3959:Anastasia
3868:Pulcheria
3713:Minervina
3515:Messalina
3478:empresses
3420:Classical
3405:Empresses
3389:(286–296)
3383:(267–273)
3377:(260–274)
3120:Michael V
3046:Alexander
2859:Heraclius
2827:Heraclius
2779:Justin II
2689:Glycerius
2676:Anthemius
2546:Procopius
2484:Martinian
2463:Maxentius
2392:Florianus
2365:Saloninus
2360:Gallienus
2329:Hostilian
2305:Philip II
2275:Gordian I
2223:Caracalla
2158:Vespasian
2153:Vitellius
1784:, Brill,
1700:881417376
1580:(1877) .
1402:Hill 2014
1234:Hill 2014
1189:Hill 2014
820:Basilissa
479:magistros
433:In 1825,
300:romanized
84:Successor
55:or regent
4405:Augustae
4321:Augustae
4297:See also
4114:Theodora
4096:Theodora
4086:Theodora
4045:Theodora
4024:Prokopia
4014:Theodote
3949:Gregoria
3932:610–1453
3927:Eastern/
3893:Theodora
3888:Euphemia
3832:Placidia
3741:Faustina
3698:Eutropia
3683:Dominate
3415:Usurpers
3410:Augustae
3368:See also
3273:Nicholas
3095:Basil II
2892:Tiberius
2877:Leontius
2865:Tiberius
2842:Tiberius
2820:610–1453
2815:Eastern/
2769:Justin I
2722:Arcadius
2682:Olybrius
2664:Majorian
2605:Honorius
2584:Eugenius
2519:Vetranio
2469:Licinius
2442:Galerius
2437:Maximian
2422:Dominate
2412:Numerian
2382:Aurelian
2355:Valerian
2300:Philip I
2290:Balbinus
2285:Pupienus
2233:Macrinus
2208:Pertinax
2203:Commodus
2168:Domitian
2133:Claudius
2128:Caligula
2123:Tiberius
2118:Augustus
1834:(1997).
1622:(1973).
1596:(2002).
1053:(1825).
812:Basileus
634:and the
587:Komnenos
532:basileus
526:despotes
459:basileus
309:) was a
279:Orthodox
275:Religion
4332:Italics
3989:Eudokia
3979:Tzitzak
3964:Eudokia
3944:Martina
3913:Leontia
3883:Zenonis
3878:Ariadne
3851:395–610
3799:395–480
3766:Domnica
3761:Justina
3751:Charito
3736:Eusebia
3686:284–610
3630:235–285
3570:Lucilla
3425:Eastern
3325:Matthew
3219:Alexios
3067:Stephen
3029:Basil I
2914:Leo III
2789:Maurice
2732:Marcian
2715:395–610
2639:Joannes
2598:395–480
2552:Gratian
2425:284–610
2407:Carinus
2387:Tacitus
2263:235–285
2183:Hadrian
1937::
1808:].
1340:Psellos
1258:Psellos
1246:Psellos
1106:Psellos
1094:Psellos
615:(i.e.,
410:augusta
392:Empress
302::
264:Dynasty
210:
202:
198:
185:
177:
173:
29:Augusta
4101:Helena
4034:Thekla
3954:Fausta
3898:Sophia
3873:Verina
3746:Helena
3719:Fausta
3693:Prisca
3627:Crisis
3187:&
3163:&
3070:&
3041:Leo VI
3017:Thekla
2973:&
2940:Leo IV
2862:&
2801:Phocas
2757:Marcus
2742:Leo II
2658:Avitus
2575:Victor
2540:Valens
2530:Jovian
2525:Julian
2397:Probus
2332:&
2312:Decius
2260:Crisis
2178:Trajan
1961:
1931:
1915:
1896:
1848:
1820:
1788:
1768:
1747:
1726:
1698:
1688:
1667:
1638:
1608:
1566:
1504:
1479:
420:caesar
352:, the
323:regent
269:Doukid
158:Spouse
117:Tenure
4002:Irene
3984:Maria
3974:Maria
3806:Maria
3786:Galla
3776:Laeta
3495:Livia
2983:Leo V
2950:Irene
2737:Leo I
2402:Carus
2173:Nerva
2163:Titus
2143:Galba
2095:Roman
1804:[
776:Notes
696:Issue
682:Gold
611:Ἰωνιά
291:Greek
230:A son
218:Issue
204:(
200:
179:(
175:
4340:bold
4309:list
4273:(w.
4251:(w.
4214:(w.
4142:(w.
3995:Anna
3592:(w.
3339:(w.
3322:(w.
3270:(w.
3241:John
3238:(w.
3216:(w.
3204:(w.
3175:(w.
3157:(w.
3058:(w.
3031:(w.
3014:(w.
3002:(w.
2985:(w.
2967:(w.
2928:(w.
2889:(w.
2856:(w.
2839:(w.
2791:(w.
2754:(w.
2747:Zeno
2614:(w.
2571:(w.
2362:(w.
2326:(w.
2314:(w.
2302:(w.
2235:(w.
2228:Geta
2148:Otho
2138:Nero
2097:and
1913:ISBN
1894:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1818:ISBN
1786:ISBN
1766:ISBN
1745:ISBN
1724:ISBN
1696:OCLC
1686:ISBN
1665:ISBN
1636:ISBN
1606:ISBN
1564:ISBN
1502:ISBN
1477:ISBN
814:and
636:Suda
509:and
482:and
399:was
317:and
150:Died
145:1030
139:Born
102:and
60:Rule
4107:Zoë
3715:(?)
3639:(?)
3160:Leo
3105:Zoe
2351:(?)
1946:".
1875:doi
1814:ÖAW
1118:ODB
980:ODB
941:ODB
914:PBW
883:ODB
686:of
619:or
511:Leo
4356::
3181:,
3064:,
1970:,
1871:71
1869:.
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1844:.
1816:.
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1600:.
1584:.
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1451:^
1436:^
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1226:^
1211:^
1196:^
1167:^
1152:^
1125:^
1016:^
999:^
960:^
921:^
890:^
865:^
850:^
729:,
638:.
628:c.
604:.
388:.
370:c.
362:c.
297:,
293::
206:m.
181:m.
143:c.
4279:)
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289:(
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