29:
297:, that the Gauls had "... levied tribute on the whole of Asia west of the Taurus, ... such was the terror of their name and the growth of their numbers that at last even the kings of Syria did not dare to refuse the payment of tribute" and that
238:
After the revolt from the
Seleucids, there are no records of any further hostilities involving Pergamon during Eumenes' rule, even though there continued to be conflict between the Seleucids and the Ptolemies, and even though the
211:
in 261 BC. He was thus able to free
Pergamon, and greatly increase the territories under his control. In his new possessions, he established garrison posts in the north at the foot of
372:
136:
246:
were continually plundering throughout the region. If
Eumenes was able to keep Pergamon free from the ravages of the Gauls, it was probably because he paid them tribute.
418:, Books 13–14, (Loeb Classical Library) translated by Horace Leonard Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. (1924)
249:
Although never assuming the title of "king," Eumenes did exercise all of the powers of one. Imitating other
Hellenistic rulers, a festival in Eumenes' honour, called
397:, Books I-II, (Loeb Classical Library) translated by W. H. S. Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. (1918)
1426:
1683:
260:; some regard him as Eumenes' son, who would then have died before his father's death in 241. Eumenes adopted his first cousin once removed,
231:
as well. Demonstrating his independence, he began to strike coins with the portrait of
Philetaerus, while his predecessor had still depicted
195:
control, Pergamon under
Philetaerus enjoyed considerable autonomy. However, upon his succession, Eumenes, perhaps with the encouragement of
490:
327:, probably following Strabo, says the same. But modern writers have concluded that Strabo had skipped a generation, see Hansen p. 26.
1922:
1917:
284:, says that Eumenes "... died after a reign of twenty-two years." His reign began with the death of Philetaerus in 263 BC.
256:
It is not known whether he had children. A "Philetaerus son of
Eumenes" is mentioned in an inscription in the town of
423:
402:
368:
353:
483:
1607:
1499:
147:, patron deity of the city of Pergamon, on the reverse. The writing reads ΦΙΛΕΤΑΙΡΟΥ (PHILETAEROU), "(coin) of
1688:
188:, and Satyra, daughter of Poseidonius. As he had no children, Philetaerus adopted Eumenes to become his heir.
1748:
1734:
1602:
1587:
742:
1892:
1597:
1582:
1557:
1534:
1514:
1796:
1781:
1592:
1577:
1562:
1547:
1504:
1476:
687:
476:
1912:
1612:
1567:
1542:
1519:
1489:
1310:
1524:
1509:
1412:
1369:
1195:
948:
592:
1839:
1771:
1757:
1752:
1743:
1729:
1715:
1705:
1572:
1494:
1422:
1407:
1374:
1364:
1240:
953:
345:
320:
281:
427:
34:
1819:
1786:
1739:
1725:
1617:
1484:
1431:
1397:
1389:
1338:
1333:
1019:
843:
722:
656:
564:
531:
406:
324:
384:, Rev. Canon Roberts (translator), Ernest Rhys (Ed.); (1905) London: J. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd.
1927:
1854:
1720:
1552:
1441:
1436:
1402:
1359:
1328:
1200:
1125:
1062:
1039:
958:
943:
933:
928:
913:
853:
848:
833:
702:
607:
597:
559:
390:
1880:
1875:
1859:
1829:
1695:
1461:
1417:
1354:
1150:
1140:
1087:
1082:
938:
918:
908:
903:
888:
878:
838:
717:
712:
692:
682:
666:
661:
526:
1865:
1844:
1647:
1466:
1318:
893:
873:
790:
780:
747:
697:
602:
574:
554:
516:
8:
1814:
1766:
1761:
1652:
1456:
1349:
1343:
1205:
923:
858:
800:
727:
707:
671:
617:
612:
521:
1834:
1265:
1117:
828:
818:
785:
622:
541:
499:
232:
212:
1870:
1849:
1804:
1451:
1379:
1225:
863:
823:
638:
584:
569:
419:
398:
364:
349:
294:
1627:
1446:
1097:
981:
883:
676:
651:
192:
1323:
1280:
1215:
1175:
991:
868:
810:
775:
767:
646:
450:
359:
Kosmetatou, Elizabeth (2003) "The
Attalids of Pergamon," in Andrew Erskine, ed.,
185:
180:
from 263 BC until his death in 241 BC. He was the son of
Eumenes, the brother of
111:
47:
139:
Coin struck during the reign of
Eumenes I, depicting the head of Eumenes' uncle
1700:
1270:
1210:
898:
508:
159:
1906:
1668:
1657:
1155:
1145:
1102:
1067:
795:
228:
215:
called Philetaireia after his adoptive father, and in the east, northeast of
1710:
1673:
1637:
1290:
1275:
1190:
1130:
1092:
1072:
1057:
732:
199:, who was at war with the Seleucids, revolted, defeating the Seleucid king
385:
1250:
1245:
1185:
1170:
1107:
1052:
1029:
1024:
999:
737:
443:
200:
181:
148:
140:
65:
1809:
1776:
1642:
1300:
1160:
1047:
1014:
976:
968:
196:
177:
223:
after his grandfather, and he extended his control south of the river
1678:
1662:
1295:
1285:
1260:
1230:
1135:
1077:
1009:
757:
752:
627:
549:
468:
460:
298:
261:
75:
224:
1255:
1180:
1165:
257:
220:
216:
173:
1824:
1220:
301:, Eumenes successor, was the first to refuse to pay such tribute.
240:
106:
1235:
411:
208:
169:
144:
293:
That Pergamon probably paid tribute can be inferred from Livy
135:
28:
243:
204:
163:
97:
38:
377:
323:, says that he was the cousin of Attalus I. Pausanias,
1904:
484:
274:
219:near the sources of the river Lycus, called
304:
491:
477:
264:, who succeeded him as ruler of Pergamon.
27:
348:; London: Cornell University Press Ltd.
134:
363:. Oxford: Blackwell: pp. 159–174.
1905:
498:
287:
1423:Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos
472:
313:
1891:Hellenistic rulers were preceded by
361:A Companion to the Hellenistic World
13:
14:
1939:
1923:3rd-century BC monarchs in Asia
334:
253:, was instituted in Pergamon.
1:
1895:in most of their territories.
693:Cleopatra II Philometor Soter
267:
7:
1918:3rd-century BC Greek people
688:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
10:
1944:
340:Hansen, Esther V. (1971).
164:
143:on the obverse and seated
98:
1889:
1795:
1626:
1533:
1475:
1388:
1309:
1116:
1038:
990:
967:
809:
766:
637:
593:Antigonus I Monophthalmus
583:
540:
507:
457:
448:
440:
435:
191:Although nominally under
125:
117:
105:
93:
85:
81:
71:
61:
53:
46:
26:
21:
954:Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
753:Cleopatra VII Philopator
346:Cornell University Press
342:The Attalids of Pergamon
121:Eumenes (son of Attalus)
1751:'s attempted rule with
1432:Mithridates V Euergetes
844:Antiochus III the Great
657:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
598:Demetrius I Poliorcetes
522:Alexander III the Great
172:(ruler) of the city of
1535:Monarchs of Cappadocia
1437:Mithridates VI Eupator
959:Philip II Philoromaeus
944:Antiochus XII Dionysus
934:Demetrius III Eucaerus
929:Antiochus XI Epiphanes
914:Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
854:Antiochus IV Epiphanes
849:Seleucus IV Philopator
834:Seleucus II Callinicus
733:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
608:Demetrius II Aetolicus
152:
1477:Monarchs of Commagene
1398:Mithridates I Ctistes
939:Philip I Philadelphus
919:Seleucus VI Epiphanes
909:Antiochus VIII Grypus
904:Seleucus V Philometor
889:Antiochus VII Sidetes
879:Antiochus VI Dionysus
839:Seleucus III Ceraunus
738:Berenice IV Epiphanea
683:Ptolemy VI Philometor
667:Ptolemy IV Philopator
662:Ptolemy III Euergetes
527:Philip III Arrhidaeus
395:Description of Greece
184:, the founder of the
138:
35:Cabinet des Médailles
1311:Monarchs of Bithynia
894:Alexander II Zabinas
874:Demetrius II Nicator
791:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
758:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
723:Ptolemy XI Alexander
698:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
603:Antigonus II Gonatas
344:. Ithaca, New York:
1893:Hellenistic satraps
924:Antiochus X Eusebes
859:Antiochus V Eupator
801:Cleopatra Selene II
728:Ptolemy XII Auletes
713:Ptolemy X Alexander
708:Ptolemy IX Lathyros
672:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
613:Antigonus III Doson
1797:Monarchs of Epirus
1630:Cimmerian Bosporus
1390:Monarchs of Pontus
949:Cleopatra Selene I
829:Antiochus II Theos
819:Seleucus I Nicator
786:Demetrius the Fair
768:Monarchs of Cyrene
310:Hansen pp. 23-24.
233:Seleucus I Nicator
153:
1913:Kings of Pergamon
1900:
1899:
1380:Socrates Chrestus
869:Alexander I Balas
864:Demetrius I Soter
824:Antiochus I Soter
570:Antipater Etesias
467:
466:
458:Succeeded by
451:Ruler of Pergamon
133:
132:
33:Coin of Eumenes.
1935:
1692:
1608:Ariobarzanes III
982:Ptolemy Epigonos
884:Diodotus Tryphon
677:Cleopatra I Syra
652:Ptolemy Keraunos
493:
486:
479:
470:
469:
441:Preceded by
433:
432:
328:
317:
311:
308:
302:
291:
285:
278:
167:
166:
101:
100:
48:King of Pergamon
31:
19:
18:
16:King of Pergamon
1943:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1885:
1791:
1782:Mithridates III
1686:
1629:
1628:Monarchs of the
1622:
1603:Ariobarzanes II
1588:Ariarathes VIII
1529:
1515:Mithridates III
1471:
1413:Mithridates III
1384:
1305:
1112:
1040:Greco-Bactrians
1034:
986:
963:
805:
762:
647:Ptolemy I Soter
633:
579:
536:
503:
497:
463:
454:
446:
382:History of Rome
337:
332:
331:
318:
314:
309:
305:
292:
288:
279:
275:
270:
227:to the Gulf of
186:Attalid dynasty
112:Attalid dynasty
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1941:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1840:Neoptolemus II
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1801:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1735:Mithridates II
1732:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1701:Paerisades III
1698:
1693:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1598:Ariobarzanes I
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Ariarathes VII
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1558:Ariarathes III
1555:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1505:Mithridates II
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1408:Mithridates II
1405:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1271:Apollodotus II
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
996:
994:
988:
987:
985:
984:
979:
973:
971:
965:
964:
962:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
899:Cleopatra Thea
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
815:
813:
807:
806:
804:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
772:
770:
764:
763:
761:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
643:
641:
635:
634:
632:
631:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
589:
587:
581:
580:
578:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
546:
544:
538:
537:
535:
534:
529:
524:
519:
513:
511:
505:
504:
496:
495:
488:
481:
473:
465:
464:
459:
456:
447:
442:
438:
437:
436:Regnal titles
431:
430:
409:
388:
375:
357:
336:
333:
330:
329:
312:
303:
286:
272:
271:
269:
266:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
109:
103:
102:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
44:
43:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1940:
1929:
1928:241 BC deaths
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1820:Neoptolemus I
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1716:Mithridates I
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:Paerisades IV
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1669:Paerisades II
1667:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1658:Spartokos III
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Ariarathes IX
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Ariarathes VI
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:Ariarathes IV
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1548:Ariarathes II
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1520:Antiochus III
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1495:Mithridates I
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:Nicomedes III
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:Demetrius III
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:Antimachus II
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1146:Apollodotus I
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1103:Eucratides II
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:Euthydemus II
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
995:
993:
989:
983:
980:
978:
975:
974:
972:
970:
966:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
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927:
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837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
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822:
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817:
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808:
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799:
797:
796:Ptolemy Apion
794:
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789:
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703:Cleopatra III
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429:
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424:0-674-99246-6
421:
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403:0-674-99104-4
400:
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389:
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369:1-4051-3278-7
366:
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49:
45:
40:
36:
30:
25:
20:
1855:Alexander II
1711:Paerisades V
1674:Spartokos IV
1638:Paerisades I
1613:Ariarathes X
1568:Ariarathes V
1543:Ariarathes I
1525:Antiochus IV
1510:Antiochus II
1442:Pharnaces II
1403:Ariobarzanes
1375:Nicomedes IV
1365:Nicomedes II
1291:Apollophanes
1276:Hippostratos
1191:Heliokles II
1151:Demetrius II
1131:Antimachus I
1093:Eucratides I
1088:Demetrius II
1073:Antimachus I
1058:Euthydemus I
1004:
743:Ptolemy XIII
718:Berenice III
565:Antipater II
532:Alexander IV
449:
415:
394:
381:
360:
341:
335:Bibliography
315:
306:
289:
276:
255:
250:
248:
237:
190:
155:
154:
1876:Pyrrhus III
1860:Olympias II
1830:Alexander I
1687: [
1684:Spartokos V
1553:Ariamnes II
1500:Antiochus I
1462:Pythodorida
1418:Pharnaces I
1339:Zipoetes II
1334:Nicomedes I
1251:Artemidoros
1246:Menander II
1186:Antialcidas
1171:Agathokleia
1126:Demetrius I
1118:Indo-Greeks
1108:Heliocles I
1063:Demetrius I
1053:Diodotus II
1030:Eumenes III
1025:Attalus III
1000:Philetaerus
969:Lysimachids
781:Berenice II
748:Ptolemy XIV
630:(pretender)
560:Alexander V
542:Antipatrids
500:Hellenistic
455:263–241 BC
444:Philetaerus
207:capital of
201:Antiochus I
182:Philetaerus
149:Philetaerus
141:Philetaerus
66:Philetaerus
62:Predecessor
1907:Categories
1866:Pyrrhus II
1845:Alcetas II
1810:Tharrhypas
1777:Gepaepyris
1749:Scribonius
1643:Satyros II
1573:Orophernes
1485:Ptolemaeus
1467:Polemon II
1360:Prusias II
1329:Zipoetes I
1301:Strato III
1226:Theophilos
1206:Philoxenus
1161:Menander I
1141:Agathocles
1083:Agathocles
1048:Diodotus I
1020:Attalus II
1015:Eumenes II
977:Lysimachus
585:Antigonids
268:References
197:Ptolemy II
178:Asia Minor
99:Ευμένης Α΄
57:263–241 BC
1850:Pyrrhus I
1815:Alcetas I
1721:Pharnaces
1696:Kamasarye
1679:Leukon II
1663:Hygiainon
1618:Archelaus
1457:Polemon I
1355:Prusias I
1296:Strato II
1286:Zoilos II
1281:Dionysios
1261:Archebius
1231:Peukolaos
1196:Polyxenos
1136:Pantaleon
1078:Pantaleon
1010:Attalus I
1005:Eumenes I
811:Seleucids
639:Ptolemies
628:Philip VI
575:Sosthenes
555:Philip IV
550:Cassander
517:Philip II
461:Attalus I
416:Geography
391:Pausanias
299:Attalus I
262:Attalus I
213:Mount Ida
203:near the
156:Eumenes I
76:Attalus I
72:Successor
22:Eumenes I
1881:Deidamia
1862:(regent)
1835:Aeacides
1772:Aspurgus
1665:(regent)
1648:Prytanis
1490:Sames II
1346:(regent)
1319:Boteiras
1266:Telephos
1256:Hermaeus
1211:Diomedes
1181:Strato I
1166:Zoilos I
992:Attalids
679:(regent)
618:Philip V
319:Strabo,
258:Thespiae
251:Eumeneia
241:Galatian
221:Attaleia
217:Thyatira
193:Seleucid
174:Pergamon
1871:Ptolemy
1825:Arybbas
1805:Admetus
1787:Cotys I
1767:Polemon
1762:Polemon
1758:Dynamis
1753:Dynamis
1744:Dynamis
1740:Asander
1730:Dynamis
1726:Asander
1653:Eumelos
1452:Arsaces
1427:Laodice
1350:Ziaelas
1344:Etazeta
1221:Epander
1216:Amyntas
623:Perseus
509:Argeads
280:Strabo
165:Εὐμένης
107:Dynasty
1447:Darius
1241:Nicias
1236:Thraso
1176:Lysias
502:rulers
428:
422:
412:Strabo
407:
401:
386:
367:
352:
321:13.4.2
282:13.4.2
225:Caïcus
209:Sardis
205:Lydian
170:dynast
168:) was
145:Athena
129:Satyra
126:Mother
118:Father
89:241 BC
1760:with
1742:with
1728:with
1691:]
1425:with
1098:Plato
776:Magas
325:1.8.1
295:38.16
244:Gauls
160:Greek
94:Greek
54:Reign
39:Paris
420:ISBN
399:ISBN
378:Livy
373:text
365:ISBN
350:ISBN
229:Cyme
86:Died
1324:Bas
176:in
1909::
1689:ru
414:,
393:,
380:,
371:.
235:.
162::
151:".
37:,
492:e
485:t
478:v
426:.
405:.
356:.
158:(
41:.
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