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aside for use by Union for a 25-year period. After 25 years, the
Harbour Board would pay the Patent Slip Company £30,000 and acquire the patent slip operation. The Harbour Board would also pay Union for any improvements it made to the land it was using. The agreement expired in 1933 and after consultation and negotiation it was decided in 1935 that the Harbour Board would continue to lease Patent Slip Company operations and the land used by Union to those two companies on periodic leases. In 1961, Union chose not to renew its lease, so the Harbour Board took over management of both slips until 1969. At that time slipway No. 1 was taken out of service and slipway No. 2 was upgraded. The slipway closed on 31 July 1980. The site was demolished and various equipment scrapped, sold or given to museums, and land was filled in for a new housing subdivision.
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236:, and the low end sat in eight feet (2.4 m) of water at low tide. Two manually-operated winches pulled ships up the runners. Edward Thirkell managed this slip and its successor until his death in 1882. The New Zealand Steam Navigation Company went into liquidation in 1871, and management of the slip passed to the newly formed Patent Slip Company. The wooden slip was in use at least until 1873, when the new slip was built slightly south of it.
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powered by two steam engines. The main 'hauling up' chain was 1,700 feet (520 m) long and weighed 62 tons. Each link was 18 inches (46 cm) long and made of iron three inches (7.6 cm) thick. One end of the chain was attached to the cradle and the other dropped into a 35-foot-deep (11 m) well beneath the winding gear. The smaller 'lowering out' chain was a loop with links
316:
sea floor. This was the first large-scale underwater construction in New
Zealand. A 500-foot (150 m) jetty was also erected to improve communication with ships. Along with housing for the winches and boilers required to operate the slipways, there were some houses, a store, an inspector's office, a carpenter's shop, a
343:
acquired the property where the slip was located. Under the agreement, the Patent Slip
Company would continue to manage the slip for the next 25 years and build a second slip if required. This was constructed in 1922. Also under the agreement, an area of land not required for slip operations was set
315:
was mixed in a boat on the surface and sent underwater down a tube with a canvas hose at the end so that the diver could direct the concrete to where it was needed. The workers underwater could only work in good weather conditions: in a southerly the current was strong enough to lift a diver off the
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l to investigate building a bigger slip that could handle larger ships. In
December 1863, the New Zealand Government passed empowering legislation authorising the Superintendent of Wellington to compulsorily acquire an area of land up to 20 acres (8.1 ha) at Evans Bay for the construction of a
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to make it easier to repair and clean ships' hulls. A contract was let to shipwright Edward
Thirkell, and by May 1863 the slip was in operation. This first slip was 300 feet (91 m) long, with the upper part being bolted together so that it could be removed from under any ship if necessary. The
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The Evans Bay Patent Slip, the first in New
Zealand, was a major engineering achievement. A 200-ton, 180-foot-long (55 m) cradle moved on wheels along parallel rails. Two chains were used for hauling vessels out of the water and lowering them back down. The chains ran over a cogwheel winch
198:
was granted for the supply, construction and operation of a patent slip on the site. Equipment for the new slip was delivered in 1865 and 1866, but construction was delayed for several years because of a contractual dispute concerning the suitability of the design for the ground conditions. The
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was the first ship to use the slipway. If necessary, two ships could use the slip at the same time. The first ship would be raised up and then chocks put under it so that the cradle could be released and sent down to pull up a second ship. A small vessel could be raised up the slip in about 20
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Kennards manufactured and delivered hundreds of tons of machinery to
Wellington in 1866. However there was a contractual dispute about extra work required due to the nature of the site at Evans Bay, so the equipment sat there on the beach for five years while the dispute was discussed. In 1871
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A second slipway was constructed at the site in 1922. The original slip operated until 1969, and the second was closed on 31 July 1980. Most equipment has been removed from the site, and a residential development now occupies some of the original land. However, the site has been listed as a
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minutes, and a larger ship could be raised at a rate of 15 or 16 feet per minute (4.6 or 4.9 m/min). The press reported that the slip could handle ships weighing up to 2,000 tons and was "the finest and largest in the
Australian colonies". By the late 1890s there were calls for a
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excavated the sea floor, shifting rock into a shallow iron box which they slid under the edge of the diving bell to be hauled to the surface and removed. The men worked in shifts of four to six hours. After this stage, a diver worked to position piles and join pieces together.
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original suppliers lost a court case and withdrew from the project. The
Wellington Patent Slip Company was formed to take over the assets, and construction began in 1871. The Patent Slip was officially opened in March 1873.
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The site was listed as a
Category 2 historic place in 1982. Wellington City Council had the site rezoned as a heritage area in 2003, and the area is now known as Cog Park.
339:(Union) acquired 90% of the shares in the Wellington Patent Slip Company. In July 1908, after months of meetings and negotiations with the Patent Slip Company and Union,
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was keen to encourage shipping trade by improving facilities in Wellington Harbour and began planning later in 1863 for the construction of a larger patent slip. A
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Wellington businessmen formed the Wellington Patent Slip Company and bought the equipment from Kennards. Construction began in 1871 and was completed in May 1873.
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larger Patent Slip. The Wellington Provincial Council was keen to have a slip capable of taking large vessels to increase the attractiveness of
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Construction on land above the high tide line was straightforward, but work under the water was much more complicated. Workers in a
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of New Zealand. The first slipway on the site was commissioned in May 1863 to enable maintenance of the hulls of small vessels. The
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in Wellington, amid claims that the Patent Slip could not cope with the increased size and number of ships visiting Wellington.
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for the shipping trade. However, the Provincial Council was unable to fund the construction, and decided to grant a
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inches (3.2 cm) thick. This was used for lowering ships down the slip and for bringing up the empty cradle.
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1060:"Description of the Patent Slip at Evans Bay, Wellington, and of the mode of erecting or constructing the same"
878:
881:. New Zealand Government. 14 December 1863 – via University of Auckland – Early New Zealand Statutes.
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Vessel tailshaft dislodged coming off cradle leading to water ingress. Vessel was beached nearby.
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for a slipway to be built and operated. The concession was granted to Kennard Bros., of London.
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Over the many years of operation there were several significant incidents at the Patent Slip.
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Cross-section of winding gear showing chain attached to cradle and well for chain to drop into
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In 1863, the New Zealand Steam Navigation Company decided to build a slip at Greta Point in
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Haul-out failure – fracture of 16-foot-diameter (4.9 m) main geared haul wheel
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Large flywheel shattered, causing major damage to engine room and machinery
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Heritage New Zealand Category 2 historic places in the Wellington Region
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Fracture of haul chain – leading to uncontrolled re-entry to the water
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1454:"Mishap at slips – Hauling chain breaks – Attempts to refloat vessel"
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Tug heeled over and sustained damage during haul-out. Floating crane
1360:"Wellington Patent Slip – Serious mishap – Breaking of large wheel"
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312:
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1064:
Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand
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Map showing original slip at Greta Point and new patent slip
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Transport buildings and structures in the Wellington Region
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229:
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slip itself consisted of two wooden "slideways" for the
211:, and the area is classified as a heritage zone by the
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Diagram showing how piles were positioned underwater
252:The immediate success of the first slipway led the
1577:Demolished buildings and structures in New Zealand
1514:"Mishap at Patent Slip – Tug heels over on cradle"
1558:
1276:"The Patent Slip: Union Company and Board"
1243:. 15 January 1908 – via Papers Past.
29:
1300:. 30 August 1933 – via Papers Past.
1255:"The Patent Slip: Prospect of settlement"
853:Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle
350:
279:
271:
243:
1330:"Frightful accident at the Patent Slip"
1318:. 25 July 1935 – via Papers Past.
1282:. 24 July 1908 – via Papers Past.
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1261:. 8 July 1908 – via Papers Past.
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639:"New Zealand Steam Navigation Company"
136:Heritage New Zealand – Category 2
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879:"The Wellington Patent Slip Act 1863"
527:Support cradle collapsed beneath tug
359:List of incidents at the Patent Slip
1340:from the original on 21 October 2022
709:from the original on 21 October 2022
619:Hauling machinery at the Patent Slip
218:
1524:from the original on 5 October 2022
1494:from the original on 5 October 2022
1464:from the original on 5 October 2022
1434:from the original on 5 October 2022
1404:from the original on 5 October 2022
1370:from the original on 5 October 2022
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1165:from the original on 7 October 2022
1104:from the original on 7 October 2022
1074:from the original on 6 October 2022
1035:from the original on 5 October 2022
950:from the original on 6 October 2022
912:from the original on 7 October 2022
859:from the original on 3 October 2022
849:"New Zealand Provinces: Wellington"
829:from the original on 4 October 2022
799:from the original on 4 October 2022
769:from the original on 4 October 2022
739:from the original on 4 October 2022
679:from the original on 3 October 2022
649:from the original on 3 October 2022
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1135:from the original on 16 March 2023
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323:On 2 May 1873, the 316-ton barque
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14:
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1294:"The Patent Slip changing hands?"
906:www.wellingtoncityheritage.org.nz
174:is a heritage site of the former
1572:History of the Wellington Region
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1390:"Came down the slip – Mishap to
1129:"Evans Bay Patent Slip (Former)"
999:"Wellington Patent Slip Company"
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192:Wellington Provincial Council
39:, on Patent Slip at Evans Bay
902:"Evans Bay Patent Slip Area"
549:Man working at Patent Slip,
254:Wellington Provincial Counci
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601:View north at Patent Slip,
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320:, and a blacksmith's shop.
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1484:"Mishap to Wellington tug"
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16:New Zealand marine railway
1424:"Mishap to ferry steamer"
205:Category 2 historic place
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1532:– via Papers Past.
1502:– via Papers Past.
1472:– via Papers Past.
1442:– via Papers Past.
1412:– via Papers Past.
1378:– via Papers Past.
1348:– via Papers Past.
1225:– via Papers Past.
1199:– via Papers Past.
1173:– via Papers Past.
1131:. Heritage New Zealand.
1112:– via Papers Past.
1082:– via Papers Past.
1043:– via Papers Past.
1013:– via Papers Past.
987:– via Papers Past.
867:– via Papers Past.
837:– via Papers Past.
807:– via Papers Past.
777:– via Papers Past.
747:– via Papers Past.
729:"NZSN Company's meeting"
717:– via Papers Past.
687:– via Papers Past.
657:– via Papers Past.
341:Wellington Harbour Board
337:Union Steam Ship Company
76:41.304194°S 174.802056°E
940:"Evans Bay Patent Slip"
479:Fracture of haul chain
213:Wellington City Council
120:Wellington City Council
1159:Wellington Independent
1098:Wellington Independent
1029:Wellington Independent
977:Wellington Independent
938:McLean, Gavin (2013).
823:Wellington Independent
733:Wellington Independent
673:Wellington Independent
643:Wellington Independent
285:
277:
249:
81:-41.304194; 174.802056
1554:at Wikimedia Commons
1552:Evans Bay Patent Slip
1400:. 25 September 1914.
1364:Wairarapa Daily Times
1100:. 27 September 1872.
973:"Patent Slip Meeting"
351:Incidents at the slip
283:
275:
247:
172:Evans Bay Patent Slip
24:Evans Bay Patent Slip
1185:"[untitled]"
1155:"[untitled]"
1094:"[untitled]"
1025:"Patent Slip Dinner"
819:"[untitled]"
789:"[untitled]"
699:"[untitled]"
209:Heritage New Zealand
1520:. 4 November 1947.
1398:Star (Christchurch)
1211:"The Proposed Dock"
825:. 17 January 1873.
506:used for recovery.
360:
335:Early in 1908, the
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1567:Wellington Harbour
1490:. 26 August 1935.
1460:. 11 August 1926.
1458:Wanganui Chronicle
1336:. 8 January 1878.
1312:"Board takes over"
1161:. 30 August 1873.
589:in the Patent Slip
358:
286:
278:
259:Wellington Harbour
250:
184:Wellington Harbour
151:Reference no.
1550:Media related to
1488:Otago Daily Times
1428:Manawatu Standard
1394:– No damage done"
1280:New Zealand Times
1241:New Zealand Times
1237:"The Patent Slip"
1191:. 16 October 1876
1189:New Zealand Times
944:nzhistory.govt.nz
765:. 15 March 1873.
759:"The patent slip"
669:"The Patent Slip"
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219:The first slipway
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1430:. 17 July 1925.
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1366:. 2 April 1909.
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855:. 20 June 1863.
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735:. 8 March 1871.
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645:. 2 April 1863.
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1217:. 26 March 1897
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1070:: 14–25. 1873.
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1005:. 22 April 1871
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67:174°48′07.4″E
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376:Description
367:Vessel name
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188:North Island
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64:41°18′15.1″S
45:Nearest city
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606: 1880
572: 1880
308:diving bell
178:located in
176:patent slip
111:Public park
108:Current use
79: /
55:Coordinates
1561:Categories
1344:21 October
1221:5 February
1195:5 February
1009:5 February
983:5 February
713:21 October
625:References
379:Reference
263:concession
196:concession
143:Designated
100:Demolished
49:Wellington
1528:5 October
1518:The Press
1498:5 October
1468:5 October
1438:5 October
1408:5 October
1374:5 October
1169:7 October
1108:7 October
1078:6 October
1039:5 October
863:3 October
833:4 October
803:4 October
773:5 October
743:4 October
683:3 October
653:3 October
225:Evans Bay
180:Evans Bay
1522:Archived
1492:Archived
1462:Archived
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767:Archived
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707:Archived
677:Archived
647:Archived
473:Steamer
432:Steamer
411:Steamer
373:Tonnage
330:dry dock
318:messroom
313:Concrete
232:and the
1139:22 July
954:22 July
916:22 July
587:Pleione
585:Barque
536:Gallery
503:Hikitia
469:Kartigi
449:Muritai
406:Hinemoa
298:⁄
186:in the
1392:Karori
517:Tapuhi
490:Natone
428:Karori
404:NZGSS
325:Cyprus
35:NZGSS
513:1947
486:1935
476:2347
465:1926
445:1925
435:1863
424:1914
400:1909
384:1878
370:Type
364:Year
234:bilge
182:, in
116:Owner
92:Built
37:Matai
1530:2022
1500:2022
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521:Tug
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230:keel
170:The
155:2895
103:1980
95:1863
497:75
207:by
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