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Neofolk

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263:, this leads to "a type of esoteric spirituality where paganism comes to the fore because of its respect for nature, its openness about sexuality, and its rituals and ceremonies guided by the seasons". Aesthetically, references to this subject occur within band names, album artwork, clothing and various other means of artistic expression. This has led to some forefathers of the genre and current artists within the genre attributing it to being an aspect of a broader neopagan revival. 173: 458:"I'm very happy about that because I see Death In June as part of a European cultural revival. I'm pleased that the Old Gods are being resurrected, for want of a better word. Old symbols. I feel very pleased that I am a part of that process and that I have had influence. At this stage in the game, so to speak, it's not false modesty to say that I am content with my influence." Powell, Erin. 337:
during a period in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Initially, Tibet did not intend to imply connection with the folk music genre; rather, that Current 93 was made by "apocalyptic folk": in other words, apocalyptic people. Tibet and Current 93 produced some covers of traditional English folk songs,
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symbols and slogans, which has led to an association of the genre with the far-right, though this is contested by fans. References to occult, pagan and politically far-right figures and movement are often intentionally ambiguous.
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A majority of artists within the neofolk genre use archaic, cultural and literary references. Local traditions and indigenous beliefs tend to be portrayed heavily as well as esoteric and historical topics. Various forms of
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Brill, Dunja (2010). "Transgression ohne Queer – die Inszenierung martialischer Männlichkeit als 'Anti-Drag' in der Industrial- und Extreme Metal-Szene ". In Nagelschmidt, Ilse; Wojke, Kristin; Borrego, Britta (eds.).
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masquerade" which expresses a "(neo-)romantic art-religious attitude". Some bands have stated opposition to the perceived fascist apologia and themes in the genre and the related genre of martial industrial.
247:, heathen European sites and other means of expressing an interest in the ancient and ancestral occur often in neofolk music. The sociologist Peter Webb describes this as a legacy from 2524: 183:
The term "neofolk" originates from esoteric music circles who started using the term in the late 20th century to describe music made by, and influenced by, musicians such as
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Anton Shekhovtsov (2009) Apoliteic music: Neo-Folk, Martial Industrial and ‘metapolitical fascism’, Patterns of Prejudice, 43:5, 431–457, DOI: 10.1080/00313220903338990
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Anglo-American folk music with similar sounds and themes to neofolk existed as far back as the 1960s. Folk musicians such as Vulcan's Hammer, Changes,
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Interdisziplinäres Kolloquium zur Geschlechterforschung: Die Beiträge [Interdisciplinary Colloquium on Gender Research: the Contributions]
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circles in the 1980s. Neofolk may either be solely acoustic or combine acoustic folk instrumentation with various other sounds.
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Martial industrial or military pop is a genre that shares a lot in common with neofolk and developed very close to it.
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could be considered harbingers of the sound that later influenced the neofolk artists. Also the later explorations of
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As a descriptor, apocalyptic folk predates neofolk and was used by David Tibet to describe the music of his band
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play a part in the themes touched upon by many modern and original neofolk artists.
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The Apocalypse Is Everywhere: A Popular History of America's Favorite Nightmare
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Religion, Tradition and the Popular: Transcultural Views from Asia and Europe
426:(in German) (2nd ed.). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. p. 280. 359: 315:
has described the genre's approach to these types of material as an "elitist
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Other vague terms sometimes used to describe artists of this genre include "
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Apoliteic music: Neo-Folk, Martial Industrial and "metapolitical fascism"
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and Tibet himself was a great advocate for reclusive English folk singer
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England's Hidden Reverse: A Secret History of the Esoteric Underground
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Die Welt der Gothics: Spielräume düster konnotierter Transzendenz
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Exploring the Networked Worlds of Popular Music: Milieux Cultures
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vibes: Neofolk, place, politics, and pan-European nationalism"
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use in the 1980s, he began to revere the children's character
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Anthems of Apocalypse: Popular Music and Apocalyptic Thought
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Many bands use metaphors, sometimes borrowing terms such as
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Music on the World Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage
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that also describe various other forms of unrelated music.
223: 2969: 2366: 472: 284: 484: 419: 396: 394: 874:, Vol. 43, No. 5 (December 2009), pp. 431–457. 682:. In Schlehe, Judith; Sandkühler, Evamaria (eds.). 279:than any Christian canon. During a period of heavy 440: 391: 4069: 680:"Germanic Neo-Paganism – A Nordic Art-Religion?" 574: 734:(in German). Zeltingen-Rachtig: Index Verlag. 3597: 3025: 2756: 907: 893: 415: 413: 411: 409: 1259: 732:Looking for Europe: Neofolk und Hintergründe 729: 420:Neumann-Braun, Klaus; Schmidt, Axel (2008). 759:. Sheffield Phoenix Press. pp. 72–89. 524:Kelly, Kim; Joyce, Colin (21 August 2018). 323: 3604: 3590: 3032: 3018: 2763: 2749: 900: 886: 674: 523: 511: 406: 787:(2). Translated by Godwin, Ariel: 35–54. 452: 823: 775: 730:Diesel, Andreas; Gerten, Dieter (2007). 171: 222:'s band members, specifically those of 14: 4070: 3611: 652: 627:(in German). Peter Lang. p. 133. 549: 490: 478: 3585: 3013: 2744: 881: 836:. London: Routledge. pp. 36–58. 781:Journal for the Studies of Radicalism 619: 582:The Apocalyptic Visions of Current 93 365: 4047:List of experimental music festivals 2770: 750: 700: 446: 400: 3307:Singapore Dark Alternative Movement 3039: 755:. In Partridge, Christopher (ed.). 328: 24: 4052:List of electronic music festivals 2994:List of industrial music festivals 723: 259:. Webb writes that for bands like 25: 4099: 686:. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag. 3986:Experimental musical instrument 2999:List of industrial music genres 2989:List of industrial music labels 2633:20th-century Western folk music 834:Nationalism and Popular Culture 613: 587: 543: 4057:List of experimental musicians 2984:List of industrial music bands 517: 496: 13: 1: 4031:Electroacoustic improvisation 3333:Le Phonographique (1979–2005) 2806:Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth 460:Interview with Douglas Pearce 379: 2815:Post-industrial developments 824:Saunders, Robert A. (2020). 384: 345: 7: 3394:Convergence (goth festival) 3160:List of gothic rock artists 2921:Fusion genres / derivatives 251:and a reaction against the 10: 4104: 1730:Trinidadian and Tobagonian 660:. London: SAF Publishing. 645: 369: 229: 167: 4039: 3963: 3910: 3825: 3710: 3699: 3619: 3563: 3490: 3417: 3361: 3320: 3284: 3206:Cassandra Peterson/Elvira 3168: 3120:Siouxsie and the Banshees 3097: 3049: 2958: 2920: 2875: 2814: 2778: 2623: 2523: 2069: 1892: 1812: 1777: 1691: 1586: 1517: 1472: 1416: 1321: 1248: 1040:American primitive guitar 1032: 935: 926: 917: 910:Folk and indigenous music 832:. In Nieguth, Tim (ed.). 103: 98: 88: 80: 51: 39: 34: 3409:List of gothic festivals 3399:Bats Day in the Fun Park 2106:Bosnian and Herzegovinan 676:Schnurbein, Stefanie von 324:Related terms and styles 4083:English styles of music 3807:Intelligent dance music 842:10.4324/9780429321764-4 465:18 October 2007 at the 358:folk". These terms are 313:Stefanie von Schnurbein 3384:Lumous Gothic Festival 3155:Fields of the Nephilim 1628:by ethnocultural group 936:By subject or function 180: 2966:Industrial folk music 2832:Electronic body music 1832:Indigenous Australian 872:Patterns of Prejudice 866:Shekhovtsov, Anton. ' 793:10.1353/jsr.2008.0006 751:Fava, Sérgio (2012). 707:. London: Routledge. 550:Rehill, Anne (2009). 277:apocryphal literature 175: 152:blending elements of 3991:Experimental luthier 3701:Experimental popular 3130:The Sisters of Mercy 1675:Cape Breton fiddling 701:Webb, Peter (2007). 558:Greenwood Publishing 481:, pp. 148, 178. 3912:Extended techniques 3491:Film and literature 3389:Whitby Goth Weekend 3374:M'era Luna Festival 3348:Death Guild (1993–) 3338:Batcave (1982–1985) 3321:Notable club nights 2240:Starogradska muzika 2206:Starogradska muzika 2145:Starogradska muzika 2133:Starogradska muzika 2116:Starogradska muzika 514:, pp. 254–255. 160:, which emerged in 4016:Sound installation 3863:Free improvisation 3755:Deconstructed club 3613:Experimental music 3540:The Goodbye Family 3379:Drop Dead Festival 3369:Wave-Gotik-Treffen 3343:Slimelight (1987–) 3328:F Club (1977–1982) 3276:Wednesday Mourning 2928:Industrial hip hop 2847:Martial industrial 2827:Electro-industrial 2786:Industrial Records 2525:Middle Eastern and 1165:Medieval folk rock 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1036: 1034: 1030: 1029: 1027: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1005: 1004: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 973: 972: 967: 957: 956: 955: 950: 939: 937: 930: 924: 923: 918: 915: 914: 905: 904: 897: 890: 882: 876: 875: 864: 850: 821: 772: 771: 765: 747: 746: 740: 725: 722: 720: 719: 713: 698: 692: 672: 666: 649: 647: 644: 641: 640: 633: 612: 586: 573: 566: 542: 516: 504: 495: 493:, p. 152. 483: 471: 451: 449:, p. 100. 439: 432: 405: 389: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 370:Main article: 367: 364: 360:umbrella terms 347: 344: 330: 327: 325: 322: 231: 228: 185:Douglas Pearce 169: 166: 137: 136: 135: 134: 129: 127:neopagan music 124: 119: 114: 109: 101: 100: 96: 95: 90: 86: 85: 84:1980s, England 82: 78: 77: 76: 75: 70: 65: 60: 53: 49: 48: 47: 46: 41: 37: 36: 28: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4100: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4038: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4011:Sound collage 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3909: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3830: 3828: 3824: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3767: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3729: 3726: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3715: 3713: 3709: 3706: 3698: 3690: 3687: 3686: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3659: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3641: 3640:indeterminacy 3638: 3637: 3636: 3633: 3632: 3630: 3626: 3618: 3614: 3607: 3602: 3600: 3595: 3593: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3572: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3551: 3549: 3548: 3544: 3542: 3541: 3537: 3535: 3534: 3530: 3528: 3527: 3523: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3495: 3493: 3489: 3483: 3482:Winklepickers 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3452:Gothic Beauty 3450: 3448: 3445: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3432: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3416: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3289: 3287: 3283: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3271:Bethany Black 3269: 3267: 3266:Brendan Perry 3264: 3262: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3236:Gitane DeMone 3234: 3232: 3231:Rozz Williams 3229: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3167: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3150:Cocteau Twins 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3098:Notable bands 3096: 3090: 3089:Ethereal wave 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3059: 3058: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3035: 3030: 3028: 3023: 3021: 3016: 3015: 3012: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2957: 2951: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2925: 2923: 2919: 2911: 2908: 2907: 2906: 2903: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2878: 2874: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2813: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2783: 2781: 2779:Initial scene 2777: 2773: 2766: 2761: 2759: 2754: 2752: 2747: 2746: 2743: 2731: 2728: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2713:Roots revival 2711: 2709: 2708:Record labels 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2622: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2577:Mizrahi music 2575: 2573: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2527:North African 2522: 2516: 2513: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2500: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2411: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2331: 2328: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2308: 2307: 2306:Celtic fusion 2304: 2303: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2231: 2228: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2185: 2182: 2181: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2150: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2108: 2107: 2104: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1989: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1968: 1967: 1964: 1960: 1959:Zhongguo feng 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1919:Central Asian 1917: 1915: 1912: 1908: 1905: 1904: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1891: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1839:Cook Islander 1837: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1824: 1823: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1811: 1803: 1802:Gaita zuliana 1800: 1799: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1671: 1668: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1658:Quebec fiddle 1656: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1575: 1574:Western swing 1572: 1570: 1569:Southern soul 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1373:Kwakwaka'wakw 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1326: 1320: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1284:Son calentano 1282: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1264: 1262: 1261:North America 1258: 1255: 1253: 1247: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1203: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1171: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1124: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1112: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1035: 1031: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1014:Sporting song 1012: 1010: 1007: 1003: 1002:Anti-war song 1000: 999: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 987:Drinking song 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 971: 968: 966: 963: 962: 961: 958: 954: 951: 949: 946: 945: 944: 941: 940: 938: 934: 931: 925: 921: 916: 912: 903: 898: 896: 891: 889: 884: 883: 880: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 847: 843: 839: 835: 831: 829: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 773: 768: 762: 758: 754: 749: 748: 743: 737: 733: 728: 727: 716: 710: 706: 705: 699: 695: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 663: 659: 655: 654:Keenan, David 651: 650: 636: 634:9783631601266 630: 626: 625: 616: 600: 596: 590: 583: 577: 569: 563: 559: 555: 554: 546: 531: 527: 520: 513: 508: 499: 492: 487: 480: 475: 468: 464: 461: 455: 448: 443: 435: 429: 425: 424: 416: 414: 412: 410: 403:, p. 60. 402: 397: 395: 390: 377: 373: 363: 361: 357: 353: 343: 341: 336: 321: 318: 314: 309: 305: 301: 296: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 257:Enlightenment 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 212:Leonard Cohen 208: 206: 202: 198: 194: 193:Tony Wakeford 190: 189:Death In June 186: 178: 174: 165: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 104: 102: 97: 94: 91: 87: 83: 79: 74: 71: 69: 66: 64: 61: 59: 56: 55: 54: 50: 44: 43: 42: 38: 33: 27: 19: 3811: 3703:music genres 3623:contemporary 3552: 3547:The Munsters 3545: 3538: 3531: 3524: 3517: 3462:Edward Gorey 3261:Lisa Gerrard 3216:Dinah Cancer 3181:Peter Murphy 3176:Robert Smith 3125:Joy Division 2972: 2851: 2822:Dark ambient 2686:Laws numbers 2584:Pontic Greek 2451:Pontic Greek 2372:Morris dance 2311:Celtic metal 2235:Balkan brass 1981:Manila sound 1750:Chutney soca 1554:Country rock 1544:Country folk 1438:Folk revival 1294:Son huasteco 1181: 1131:Celtic metal 1102:Celtic metal 1077:Folk baroque 1055:Country folk 1009:Sea shanties 997:Protest song 871: 833: 827: 784: 780: 756: 731: 703: 683: 657: 623: 615: 603:. Retrieved 599:the Guardian 598: 589: 576: 552: 545: 533:. Retrieved 529: 519: 507: 498: 486: 474: 454: 442: 422: 375: 351: 349: 332: 303: 300:Ernst Jünger 297: 261:Sol Invictus 233: 209: 197:Sol Invictus 182: 177:Sol Invictus 145: 141: 140: 99:Other topics 73:dark ambient 68:experimental 26: 3955:Turntablism 3898:Witch house 3858:Drone metal 3647:Avant-garde 3554:The Sandman 3477:Backcombing 3457:Rose Mortem 3447:Lip Service 3440:Health Goth 3292:Camden Town 3226:Lisa Hammer 3057:Gothic rock 2898:Power noise 2883:Harsh noise 2867:Witch house 2801:Psychick TV 2718:World music 2703:Pub session 2676:Roud number 2671:Collections 2663:Instruments 2545:Azerbaijani 2321:Celtic rock 2316:Celtic punk 2191:Montenegrin 1902:Bangladeshi 1854:Marshallese 1549:Country pop 1440:(1950s–60s) 1426:Appalachian 1289:Son jarocho 1226:Tamang Selo 1145:Folktronica 1136:Celtic punk 1126:Celtic rock 1119:Celtic punk 982:Dance music 491:Keenan 2003 479:Keenan 2003 317:Nietzschean 281:amphetamine 273:apocalyptic 265:David Tibet 253:rationalism 237:neopaganism 201:David Tibet 40:Other names 29:Music genre 4072:Categories 4026:Soundscape 3950:Scordatura 3920:3rd bridge 3883:Industrial 3848:Avant-funk 3790:noise rock 3745:Avant-punk 3740:Avant-prog 3728:Post-metal 3667:Tape music 3508:Tim Burton 3503:Literature 3256:Doc Hammer 3246:Carl McCoy 3191:Ian Curtis 3135:The Damned 3062:Gothabilly 2658:Folk dance 2653:Folk clubs 2643:Filk music 2609:Tsifteteli 2456:Portuguese 2431:Lithuanian 2291:Belarusian 2282:Tsifteteli 2245:Turbo-folk 2196:Macedonian 2167:Tsifteteli 2111:Sevdalinka 2054:Vietnamese 2010:Indonesian 1822:Australian 1797:Venezuelan 1711:Kontradans 1644:by region 1601:Indigenous 1564:Rockabilly 1559:Honky-tonk 1532:Roots rock 1509:Spirituals 1449:New Mexico 1311:Panamanian 1252:traditions 1197:Freak folk 1150:Indie folk 1097:Folk metal 1072:Filk music 977:Children's 927:Types and 380:References 335:Current 93 306:and using 304:Waldgänger 269:Current 93 205:Current 93 122:freak folk 63:industrial 4006:Sound art 3893:Punk jazz 3868:Free jazz 3800:post-rock 3795:post-punk 3775:math rock 3770:krautrock 3735:Avant-pop 3635:Aleatoric 3571:Post-punk 3472:Deathhawk 3435:Cybergoth 3302:Cleveland 3201:Nick Cave 3084:Dark wave 3079:Cold wave 3074:Deathrock 2979:Rivethead 2888:Japanoise 2842:Japanoise 2837:Futurepop 2723:Worldbeat 2648:Festivals 2604:Arabesque 2498:Ukrainian 2478:Slovenian 2441:Norwegian 2404:Icelandic 2399:Hungarian 2272:Arabesque 2252:Slovenian 2123:Bulgarian 2049:Pakistani 2039:Mongolian 1929:Cantonese 1914:Bhutanese 1787:Brazilian 1693:Caribbean 1653:Québécois 1539:Bluegrass 1527:Americana 1492:Dixieland 1343:Blackfeet 1250:Regional 1231:Vallenato 1187:Nerd-folk 1114:Folk punk 1092:Folk rock 1082:Folk jazz 1050:Bluegrass 1045:Anti-folk 1024:Work song 1019:War songs 992:Love song 929:subgenres 860:242993887 817:144508250 801:1930-1189 447:Webb 2007 401:Webb 2007 385:Citations 352:dark folk 346:Folk noir 241:occultism 162:punk rock 132:post-punk 117:folk punk 112:dark wave 107:Anti-folk 3971:Cymatics 3878:Hyperpop 3843:Art rock 3838:Art punk 3780:neo-prog 3750:Biomusic 3711:By style 3621:Related 3564:See also 3533:The Crow 3467:Big hair 3105:The Cure 2943:Nu metal 2857:New beat 2626:articles 2624:Related 2550:Egyptian 2540:Assyrian 2535:Armenian 2466:Scottish 2419:Hornpipe 2379:Estonian 2362:Hornpipe 2335:Moravian 2218:Romanian 2162:Rebetiko 2140:Croatian 2094:Albanian 2084:Austrian 2071:European 2044:Nepalese 2015:Japanese 1976:Kundiman 1966:Filipino 1949:Pak-kóan 1944:Lâm-kóan 1907:Bhawaiya 1884:Tuvaluan 1874:Tahitian 1814:Oceanian 1718:Jamaican 1670:Maritime 1663:Néo-trad 1648:Prairies 1588:Canadian 1454:Red Dirt 1444:Hawaiian 1431:Old-time 1418:American 1393:Seminole 1363:Iroquois 1333:Canadian 1325:American 1177:Muiñeira 1087:Folk-pop 970:Koliadka 828:Völkisch 809:41887576 678:(2014). 656:(2003). 535:19 April 463:Archived 4078:Neofolk 3853:Ambient 3833:Art pop 3826:Related 3812:Neofolk 3785:no wave 3674:Minimal 3430:Fashion 3312:Toronto 3297:Chicago 3115:Bauhaus 2973:neofolk 2959:Related 2862:No wave 2852:Neofolk 2589:Turkish 2572:Klezmer 2567:Israeli 2562:Iranian 2555:Fantezi 2503:Cossack 2488:Swedish 2483:Spanish 2461:Russian 2436:Maltese 2426:Latvian 2384:Finnish 2357:English 2277:Fantezi 2257:Turkish 2230:Serbian 2201:Čalgija 2184:Tallava 2179:Kosovan 2174:Italian 2099:Tallava 2059:Quan họ 1971:Bodabil 1954:Teochew 1939:Jingnan 1924:Chinese 1792:Chilean 1740:Chutney 1706:Haitian 1519:Country 1504:Ragtime 1464:Western 1338:Arapaho 1279:Corrido 1274:Mexican 1221:Skiffle 1182:Neofolk 1060:Dangdut 1033:Fusions 943:Ballads 646:Sources 469:, 2005. 354:" and " 308:fascist 295:deity. 293:Gnostic 255:of the 230:Culture 199:), and 168:History 142:Neofolk 35:Neofolk 3996:Fluxus 3873:Glitch 3689:Danger 3627:genres 2471:Gaelic 2446:Polish 2394:German 2389:French 2347:Danish 2301:Celtic 2296:Breton 2223:Manele 2213:Romani 2128:Chalga 2089:Balkan 2079:Alpine 2027:Korean 2020:Min'yō 2003:Sanedo 1998:Rasiya 1988:Indian 1879:Tongan 1864:Samoan 1762:Parang 1735:Cariso 1638:French 1633:Celtic 1459:Tejano 1388:Pueblo 1383:Navajo 960:Carols 953:Murder 858:  848:  815:  807:  799:  763:  738:  711:  690:  664:  631:  564:  530:Noisey 430:  214:, and 3684:Noise 3652:Drone 3211:Eva O 2876:Noise 2681:Child 2667:List 2515:Welsh 2508:Dumka 2493:Swiss 2409:Irish 2352:Dutch 2340:Polka 2330:Czech 2157:Laïko 2152:Greek 1934:Hakka 1894:Asian 1849:Maori 1757:Kaiso 1723:Mento 1701:Cuban 1621:Métis 1616:Inuit 1482:Blues 1408:Yuman 1403:Yaqui 1398:Sioux 1378:Métis 1368:Kiowa 1358:Inuit 1304:Yaqui 1065:Koplo 948:Child 856:S2CID 813:S2CID 805:JSTOR 605:6 May 356:pagan 291:as a 289:Noddy 216:Comus 3976:Dada 3817:Wave 3498:Film 2367:Jigs 2032:Trot 1767:Soca 1611:Innu 1606:Dene 1487:Jazz 1353:Innu 1348:Dene 846:ISBN 797:ISSN 761:ISBN 736:ISBN 709:ISBN 688:ISBN 662:ISBN 629:ISBN 607:2020 562:ISBN 537:2019 428:ISBN 283:and 275:and 239:and 224:Nico 156:and 154:folk 58:Folk 3425:Art 2970:cf. 1499:Jug 1236:Xẩm 1216:Raï 870:', 838:doi 789:doi 302:'s 285:LSD 267:of 207:). 191:), 4074:: 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Index

Experimental folk
Folk
industrial
experimental
dark ambient
Martial industrial
Anti-folk
dark wave
folk punk
freak folk
neopagan music
post-punk
experimental music
folk
industrial music
punk rock

Sol Invictus
Douglas Pearce
Death In June
Tony Wakeford
Sol Invictus
David Tibet
Current 93
Leonard Cohen
Comus
Velvet Underground
Nico
neopaganism
occultism

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