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The external anal sphincter is far more substantial than the internal anal sphincter. The proximal portion of external anal sphincter overlaps the internal anal sphincter (which terminates distally a little distance proximal to the anal orifice) superficially; where the two overlap, they are
234:
Historically, the sphincter was described as consisting of three parts (deep, superficial, and subcontinuous). This is not supported by current anatomical knowledge. Some sources still describe it in two layers, deep (or proximal) and superficial (or distal or subcutaneous).
1701:
526:
Sarica Y, Karacan I (July 1987). "Bulbocavernosus reflex to somatic and visceral nerve stimulation in normal subjects and in diabetics with erectile impotence".
162:
1026:
238:
Some of the muscles fibres decussate at the anterior midline and posterior midline, so forming an anterior commissure and posterior commissure.
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352:
1012:
892:
262:
1364:
1004:
157:
696:
485:
Vodušek DB, Deletis V (2002). "Intraoperative
Neurophysiological Monitoring of the Sacral Nervous System".
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859:
829:
639:
301:
which is derived from ventral rami of S2-S4). It may also receive additional motor innervation from the
1671:
1540:
1274:
820:
195:
169:
98:
661:
at the SUNY Downstate
Medical Center - "The Male Perineum and the Penis: The External Anal Sphincter"
588:
Podnar S (February 2012). "Clinical elicitation of the penilo-cavernosus reflex in circumcised men".
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Branch from the fourth sacral and contributions from the inferior hemorrhoidal branch of the
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Jiang XZ, Zhou CK, Guo LH, Chen J, Wang HQ, Zhang DQ, et al. (December 2009). "".
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Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
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It exhibits a resting state of tonical contraction and also contracts during the
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Deep perineal fascia / superficial investing fascia (Gallaudet's)
487:
Neurophysiology in
Neurosurgery, A Modern Intraoperative Approach
679:
at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (
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at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (
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882:
293:
The sphincter receives innervation from the bilaterally paired
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28:
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382:
Sagittal (vertical) section of bladder, penis, and urethra.
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37:
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Gray's
Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
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439:(42th ed.). New York. p. 683.
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634:This article incorporates text in the
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16:Flat plane of skeletal muscle fibers
960:Inferior fascia (Perineal membrane)
13:
474:(20th ed.). pp. 424–425.
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198:. Distally, it is adherent to the
14:
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939:Deep fascia of the penis (Buck's)
652:
313:The sphincter consists mostly of
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602:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10364.x
495:10.1016/B978-012209036-3/50011-1
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830:Superficial transverse perineal
370:Muscles of the female perineum.
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202:surrounding the margin of the
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540:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)42987-9
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222:separated by the intervening
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224:conjoint longitudinal muscle
42:Coronal section through the
7:
1275:Enterochromaffin-like cells
893:Superficial perineal fascia
642:of the 20th edition of
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10:
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821:Superficial perineal pouch
346:Anatomy of the human anus.
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170:Anatomical terms of muscle
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860:Deep transverse perineal
659:Anatomy photo:42:13-0100
62:. A.C. Anal canal. L.A.
1599:External anal sphincter
1594:Intersphincteric groove
1589:Internal anal sphincter
1106:Pterygomandibular raphe
394:Internal anal sphincter
188:external anal sphincter
22:External anal sphincter
1380:Duodenojejunal flexure
1375:Minor duodenal papilla
1370:Major duodenal papilla
1121:Pharyngobasilar fascia
1116:Buccopharyngeal fascia
1037:gastrointestinal tract
563:Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
528:The Journal of Urology
297:(each a branch of the
211:bulbospongiosus reflex
196:skeletal muscle fibers
192:sphincter ani externus
127:sphincter ani externus
72:Sphincter ani externus
68:Sphincter ani internus
1337:Enteroendocrine cells
908:in scrotum and penis:
194:) is an oval tube of
951:Urogenital diaphragm
922:Deep perineal fascia
468:Gray, Henry (1918).
303:nerve to levator ani
58:. R. Second part of
1270:Gastric chief cells
865:Urethral sphincters
851:Deep perineal pouch
811:Urogenital triangle
399:Puborectalis muscle
295:inferior anal nerve
315:slow twitch fibers
261:. You can help by
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1659:Muscularis mucosa
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1521:epiploic appendix
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1365:Suspensory muscle
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446:978-0-7020-7707-4
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1498:Descending colon
1488:Transverse colon
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1402:No substructures
1385:Brunner's glands
1315:Intestinal villi
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1111:Pharyngeal raphe
1079:retropharyngeal
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1424:Peyer's patches
1419:Ileocecal valve
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48:urinary bladder
46:. B. Cavity of
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653:External links
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645:Gray's Anatomy
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471:Gray's Anatomy
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1231:Microanatomy
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1227:Gastric folds
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1579:Anal sinuses
1569:Anal columns
1347:Paneth cells
1342:Goblet cells
1308:Microanatomy
1235:Gastric pits
1099:prevertebral
757:
680:
668:
647:
633:
627:
593:
589:
583:
566:
562:
556:
534:(1): 55–58.
531:
527:
521:
486:
480:
470:
463:
435:
312:
292:
280:
267:
263:adding to it
258:
237:
233:
220:
207:
191:
187:
185:
139:A04.5.04.012
126:
1574:Anal valves
1511:taenia coli
1507:Continuous
1332:Enterocytes
1181:Curvatures
1143:Sphincters
489:: 153–165.
289:Innervation
242:Attachments
116:Identifiers
64:Levator ani
1696:Categories
1629:Adventitia
1556:Anal canal
1320:Microvilli
455:1201341621
405:References
334:Intestines
105:anal canal
44:anal canal
1644:Submucosa
1634:Subserosa
1136:Esophagus
936:in penis:
309:Histology
270:July 2023
230:Structure
103:Keep the
1707:Perineum
1460:Appendix
1357:Duodenum
763:Internal
758:External
732:Perineum
724:perineum
665:perineum
640:page 425
618:27143105
610:21883821
575:20193361
513:78605592
388:See also
1686:Anatomy
1546:Ampulla
1516:haustra
1395:Jejunum
1217:Pylorus
1185:greater
1174:Stomach
1070:Spaces
1066:Muscles
1058:Pharynx
720:Muscles
548:3599220
321:Gallery
217:Anatomy
109:orifice
99:Actions
80:Details
70:. E.S.
66:. I.S.
54:. S.V.
1672:Portal
1654:Mucosa
1625:Serosa
1533:Rectum
1212:Fundus
1202:Cardia
1190:lesser
1159:glands
1094:danger
883:Fascia
794:Middle
682:rectum
677:pelvis
648:(1918)
616:
608:
573:
546:
511:
501:
453:
443:
111:closed
60:rectum
1470:Colon
1452:Cecum
1411:Ileum
1291:Lower
1152:lower
1147:upper
1049:Upper
1041:mouth
638:from
614:S2CID
509:S2CID
174:[
163:21930
122:Latin
86:Nerve
50:V.D.
1712:Anus
1617:Wall
1564:Anus
1207:Body
1164:crop
606:PMID
571:PMID
544:PMID
499:ISBN
451:OCLC
441:ISBN
204:anus
200:skin
190:(or
186:The
151:2426
134:TA98
107:and
722:of
598:doi
594:109
536:doi
532:138
491:doi
265:.
158:FMA
146:TA2
1698::
1627:/
612:.
604:.
592:.
567:89
542:.
530:.
507:.
497:.
449:.
413:^
305:.
226:.
213:.
1674::
1028:e
1021:t
1014:v
941:)
934:(
913:)
906:(
712:e
705:t
698:v
685:)
673:)
620:.
600::
577:.
550:.
538::
515:.
493::
457:.
272:)
268:(
206:.
178:]
74:.
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