Fáfnir - Knowledge

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woods where his brother Regin lived as a dragon. When he found the dragon, Sigurð killed it with his axe, cutting off its head. Hungry, he then boiled meat from the dead dragon but burnt his finger in the process, and so put his finger in his mouth. The juices from the meat made him able to understand the speech of birds, who he overhears telling him to kill Mymmer as he tried to have Sigurð killed. Sigurð then bathes in the dragon-blood which made his skin as hard as horn, except for where a maple leaf had stuck to him between his shoulders. Carrying the dragon head back to Mymmer, who offered gifts to make up for his ill deed, including armour made for King Herding in Nogard, the horse Grane and the sword Gram. Accepting these gifts, Sigurð then kills Mymmer and leaves to seek the maiden

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stream, blowing poison before him. Sigurð, waiting in the hole below, stabbed Fáfnir in the left shoulder as he crawled over the ditch, mortally wounding the worm who thrashed about with his head and tail. As Fáfnir died, he spoke to Sigurð and asked for his name, his parentage, and who sent him on such a dangerous mission. Sigurð in return asks the dragon questions about lore as in Fáfnismál. During this, Fáfnir figured out that his brother, Regin, orchestrated his killing and foretold that the hoard would also cause Sigurð's death.

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sign of thanks, Regin asks Sigurð if he could roast his brother's heart in a fire so the smith could eat it. Agreeing, Sigurð began cooking it, but as he did, he burnt his finger on it and sucked it. The juices from the heart gave him knowledge of the speech of birds. Snorri then quotes Fáfnismál, in which the birds tell Sigurð that Regin is planning to betray him. Heeding the birds' warning, Sigurð kills Regin and takes the hoard for himself and loads it onto his horse Grani.

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how Regin is going to kill Sigurð and take the hoard for himself. Fearing they were right, Sigurð chops off Regin's head, eats Fáfnir's heart, then drinks the blood of both brothers. The following prose tells how Sigurð then followed Fáfnir's trail to his lair, which is described as a house dug down into the earth, the gates, gate posts and beams of which were all made of iron. Inside, Sigurð finds among the hoard the ægishjálmr, a golden mail coat and the sword

142: 399:, and moves over Sigurð, who stabs him through the belly and into the heart. As the worm dies, the poem begins and consists of a conversation between him and Sigurð, in which Fáfnir asks for information about Sigurð, such as his name which he initially hides in riddles. Fáfnir then warns Sigurð against the gold, telling him that it will bring his death who responds, saying that a time will come for everyone to journey to 1351:. Both are driven to murder out of lust for treasure (in both cases, a magical ring) and flee into exile to hoard it. As with Fafnir, that which Gollum so covets proves to be his curse. Both characters are seen devolving into wicked creatures, living only to guard the treasures that have consumed their minds, until that which is so valuable to them finally leads to their own destruction. 1054:

speaking birds and the killing of Regin (who is identified by the nearby tools, referencing his role as a smith). The sucking of Sigurð's finger also features in depictions both in Sweden and the British Isles, where it is typically his thumb that is sucked, though this is proposed to be due to increased pictorial distinctiveness, rather than of specific importance to the story. In the

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mouth, and once Fáfnir's heart-blood touched his tongue, he became able to understand the speech of birds. He then overhears nearby birds warning him of Regin's treachery and advising him to eat the heart himself and kill Regin. Following their words, he ate some of Fáfnir's heart and saved some, before decapitating Regin with Gram.

1046:, although some identifications are not agreed on by scholars, with the principal distinction from other dragon slayers typically being the stab from below, sometimes from a pit. Identifications are sometimes further supported by surrounding imagery consistent with the story of Fáfnir, and comparisons with other depictions. 1003:) kills a dragon to obtain its hoard and in this version, rather than gaining knowledge through the dragon's heart-blood, he bathes in the dragon's blood to harden his skin and protect him from weapons. Similar to the account in Beowulf, this dragon is normally viewed by scholars as the German equivalent of Fáfnir. 531:

as he crawls over the pit. Regin then ran away in fear, leaving Sigurð to the task. As Sigurð dug, Odin appeared as an old man with a long beard. He advised the warrior to dig more than one trench for the blood of Fáfnir to run into, and then disappeared. The earth shook as Fáfnir made his way to the

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After Fáfnir's death, Sigurð cut the worm's heart out with the sword Riðill and Regin returns, drinking his brother's blood. Regin then asked if he could eat the heart, and agreeing, Sigurð roasted it on a spit. He touched it to check its doneness, and it burnt his finger. He stuck his finger in his

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Within it, Fáfnir's brother Regin recounts to his foster son Sigurð a story closely following the version in the Poetic and Prose Eddas, in which Odin, Loki, and Hœnir had to pay a large amount of gold as weregild for the killing of Ótr, who in this account is described as having the likeness of an

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and tells Sigurð to cook it for him while he sleeps. While cooking it on a spit, Sigurð tests to see if it is done but accidentally burns his finger in the process and sucks it, putting the heart's blood into his mouth. The blood allows Sigurð to understand seven birds who are talking nearby about

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gives an account of Sigurð killing a dragon that shows similarities with both Old Norse and continental accounts, consistent with the saga being written in Norway but likely being based on earlier German material. In this telling, a smith Mymmer tries to have Sigurð killed by sending him into the

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and gave it to Sigurð, encouraging him to kill Fáfnir and take the hoard. Following Regin's advice, Sigurð dug a pit along a path Fáfnir would take to take a drink and hid in it, waiting for him to pass over. As he did, Sigurð stabbed him and the dragon died without any further conversation. As a

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depict scenes from the story of Fáfnir. Most commonly, Fáfnir is presented as a worm that encircles the stone and is killed by Sigurð, who is shown stabbing from beneath. In the case of the Ramsund and Gök stones, images of the wider story are present, such as the cooking of Fáfnir's heart, the

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otter by day. After the gods gave the gold to Hreiðmarr, Fáfnir killed his father Hreiðmarr to get all the gold for himself, venturing into the wilderness to keep his fortune. There he became ill-natured and greedy and so became a worm and took to ever lying on his treasure to protect it.

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In contrast to in Reginsmál, both the brothers kill their father when he refuses to share the gold and as in the poem, when Regin asked again to share the gold, Fáfnir threatened to kill him too. Fáfnir then leaves to Gnitaheath where we made a lair and took on the form of a

1174:, who claimed descent from Sigurð. It has been noted, however, that others claimed descent from Sigurð and that the popularity of Sigurð extended beyond Tostig's lands. Alternatively, the carvings may seek to praise a dead person by comparing him to an ancient hero. 206:, he has shoulders, suggesting legs, wings or both. This change is consistent with the wider trend in Germanic portrayals of dragons, and likely results from influence from continental Europe that was facilitated by Christianisation and the increased availability of 358:'s net and exports the gold from him. In the poem, Andvari curses the gold which the gods give to Hreiðmarr. Fáfnir and Regin asked their father for some of the weregild but he refused, leading Fáfnir to kill him. As he dies, Hreiðmarr calls out to his daughters 350:. Loki killed Ótr with a stone and the gods skinned him before seeking lodgings at the house of Hreiðmarr, the father of Fáfnir and his siblings. Seeing the otter skin, the family seized the gods and demanded that the gods fill and cover the skin in red gold as 627:

A number of sources have been proposed by scholars to refer to Fáfnir and his killing, despite his name not featuring, based on similarities with named accounts of the story, such as his death at the hand of a Völsung or his stabbing from below.

395:, the prose prologue describes Sigurð and Regin going to Gnitaheath, where they find the track Fáfnir made as he crawled to the water to drink. Sigurð digs a trench across the path and hides in it. Later, Fáfnir leaves his hoard, blowing out 552:

in Gnitaheath. As in the other accounts, Regin makes the sword Gram and gives it to Sigurð, begging him to kill Fáfnir, which he does, although no further details are given of the deed. Because of this, Sigurð is referred to throughout the

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nearly mirrors Fáfnir's and Sigurð's. The main difference is that Sigurð's conversation occurs after the death blow has been struck. This is most likely due to dramatic effect, as Bilbo has much more at stake when speaking with Smaug.

411:. Fáfnir then warns Sigurð of the hoard again before the worm dies. Regin then meets with Sigurð where they quarrel over who deserves the praise for the death of Fáfnir. Notably here, Regin refers to his brother as an "ancient 980:

The discrepancy in killer has been variously proposed by scholars to be due to the Beowulf account representing an older version of the story, the Beowulf author making a mistake, or the existence of parallel traditions.

973:) Sigemund killing, with a sword, an unnamed worm that was guarding a hoard of treasure. This worm is typically identified with, or seen as the English form of, Fáfnir however the Sigemund episode differs from later 289:

The blood from the heart imparts to him the ability to understand birds, who he overhears talking about how Regin will betray him. Fearing this, Sigurð kills Regin and takes the treasure, loading it up on his horse

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Plotting revenge to get the treasure, Regin sends Sigurð to kill the worm. Regin instructed Sigurð to dig a pit where he could lie in wait under the trail Fáfnir used to go to drink and stab him with the sword

1253:. Fasolt is in love with her while Fafner wants her as without her golden apples the gods will lose their youth. The giants, mainly Fafner, agree to accept a massive hoard of treasure stolen from the dwarf 1138:

origin. It has been suggested that the tale was presented as principally historical and separate from its heathen origins. Furthermore, similarities have been noted between the role of Sigurð and of the

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in which an otter was lying down eating a salmon. Loki killed it with a stone and they took both the otter and the fish with them as they walked. They came to a farm where lived Hreiðmarr with his sons,

1284:, Fafner is a more violent and jealous figure, plotting to overthrow the gods. In many productions, he is shown to return to his original giant form while delivering his death-speech to Siegfried. 3176: 286:

Regin asks him to cook the worm's heart for him to eat. As Sigurð does this, he checks to see if it is cooked by touching it, whereupon he burns his finger and sucks it to cool it down.

3008:"The dragon's progress: the significance of the dragon in "Beowulf", the "Volsunga Saga," "Das Nibelunglied," and "Der ring des Nibelungen" (Scandinavia, Germany, England) - ProQuest" 548:, Norna-Gestr tells a brief version of the story of Fáfnir in which he visits the house of Regin where he hears Regin telling Sigurð about Fáfnir who is living in the form of a large 1265:. As they divide the treasure, the brothers argue and Fafner kills Fasolt and takes the ring for himself. Escaping to Earth, he uses the Tarnhelm to transform himself into a 469:

to gather the ransom which he fulfilled by coercing the dwarf Andvari to give up his gold and the ring, Andvaranaut. The treasure further included the sword Hrotti and the

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and stating that this is where Sigurð killed Fáfnir. The position in which the author located Gnita-heath is unclear however it has been proposed to correspond to modern

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who triumphs over evil in the form of Fáfnir, rather than the earlier narrative components of gold, a curse and revenge. In some cases, he was likely identified with

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Before taking the form of a dragon, Fáfnir's appearance is not explicitly described. It has been noted though that his brother, Regin, is described as being a

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and bound the gods, who offered a ransom for their lives. It was agreed that the gods were to fill and cover the skin with red gold. The gods sent Loki to

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for gold such as "Lair or abode of Fáfnir" and "Metal of Gnita Heath". This account tells of how Odin, Loki, and Hœnir were journeying when they came to a

619:, though the latter toponym is only attested from the 17th century and is a significant distance from the location given in Leiðarvísir og borgarskipan. 366:, but they take no action. Fáfnir then takes all the hoard, refusing to share it with his brother, and takes to Gnitaheath, where he took the shape of a 2647: 2678:"The iconography of Viking-age stone sculptures: visual evidence of religious accommodation in the Anglo-Scandinavian communities of Northern England" 3007: 2727:

Mikučionis, Ugnius (2017). "Recognizing a dvergr: Physical Status and External Appearance of dvergar in Medieval Nordic Sources (8th-13th century)".

648:, recorded in Ólafssaga. In this account, Olaf asked him to compose a poem about a tapestry depicting the killing of Fáfnir hanging on the walls: 616: 363: 359: 183:), however, it is neither clear if relatives of dwarfs are also dwarfs, nor how dwarfs were conceived of as appearing. It has been noted that 519:

presents the most cohesive and extensive account of the Sigurð tradition and its author likely had access to the Poetic Edda as a source.

1324:, Glaurung is described as a flightless dragon that hoards gold, breathes poison, and has "Great cunning and wisdom". In Tolkien's book 2577: 279:

forges a sword for Sigurð and convinces him to kill Fáfnir by hiding in a pit and striking him from below as the worm goes past, which

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Scholars have debated the reception and presentation of the tale of Fáfnir and how this relates to its continued popularity after the

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Fáfnir kills his father and flees with the hoard and dwells in the wilderness, often at a place named Gnitaheath, where he becomes a

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in Norway, Fáfnir is depicted being stabbed from below by Sigurð on a 12th-century capital from Lunde and the base of a pillar from

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A further, and not mutually exclusive, proposal is that images of Sigurð and Fáfnir were used in England as ancestry claims by

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Fáfnir's tale is attested in multiple medieval accounts which refer to a shared story with a general structure as follows:

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McKinnell, John (2015). "The Sigmundr / Sigurðr Story in an Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norse Context". In Mundal, Else (ed.).

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the necklace-diminisher (generous man = Sigurðr) pierced the dark trout of the forest (serpent = Fáfnir) with the sword.

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Guðmundsdóttir, Aðalheiður (2012). "The Origin and Development of the Fornaldarsögur as Illustrated by Völsunga Saga".

2593: 3503: 2605:"Leiðarvísir, an Old Norse itinerarium: a proposal for a new partial translation and some notes about the place-names" 3028: 2940: 2849: 2540: 2471: 2394: 2372: 2290: 2271: 1027: 162: 1365: 596: 1460: 1402: 1131: 479:. As Loki left, Andvari cursed the ring and warned that the treasure would be the death of anyone who owned it. 2816: 2663: 1147:, who also slays a dragon. It has thus been suggested that Sigurð was presented by Christian authorities as a 2425: 1467: 1385: 1269:

and guards the treasure in a cave for many years before being ultimately killed by Wotan's mortal grandson

603:. The author integrates into the journey accounts of Germanic lore, including locating Gnita-heath between 3185: 2955: 1436: 1078:

depict the story of Fáfnir, including his death and the roasting of his heart. One example survives from

202:, Fáfnir is described as flightless and snake-like while at the same point in the narrative of the later 184: 2518: 2855: 1334:

from below, much like Fáfnir. Turin and Glaurung also have an exchange after the mortal blow is dealt.

371: 2604: 3556: 756: 587:("Fáfnir's bane"), referring to the worm's possession of the hoard leading to his killing by Sigurð. 3546: 1296:'s work was inspired by Northern European mythology. Many parallels can be drawn between Fáfnir and 121:. The story of Fáfnir has continued to have influence in the modern period, such as in the works of 2322: 1411: 1315: 93:

and becoming a worm or dragon. Fáfnir's brother Regin later assisted Sigurð in obtaining the sword

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History of the Ceratopsian Dinosaur Triceratops in the Science Museum of Minnesota, 1960 - Present

1326: 896:, a reference is made to a worm being stabbed in the heart, which has been interpreted as Fáfnir: 109:. Fáfnir and his killing by Sigurð are further represented in numerous medieval carvings from the 1215: 20: 3277: 1320: 1187: 989:

The tradition of a dragon-killing Völsung is also found in the continental Germanic record. In

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Again the thirst-quencher of wolves (warrior) embarked on a well-prepared expedition eastward;

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who lived there in the form of a pike. In that water also lived Fáfnir and Regin's brother,

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U 1163, the Drävle runestone, depicting Sigurð stabbing Fáfnir, who encircles the runestone.

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Föreställd hedendom : tidigmedeltida skandinaviska kyrkportar i forskning och historia

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contain two stanzas about the death of Fáfnir. The first refers to the killing by Sigurð:

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Acker, Paul (2013). "Dragons in the Eddas and in Early Nordic Art". In Acker, Paul;

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Fáfnir's downfall due to obsessive greed is also mirrored in Tolkien's character

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Potential depictions of Fáfnir include carvings on three other crosses from the

3517: 3347: 3172: 2451: 2405: 2382: 2343: 1706: 1646: 1634: 1331: 1293: 1210: 1196: 1192: 1109:, a now lost cross fragment, with a similar artistic style, from the church at 991: 400: 392: 199: 3097: 2532: 2301: 893: 3540: 3283: 2920: 2792: 2631: 1482: 1372: 1307: 1281: 1229: 1087: 1050: 403:. The poem moves to Fáfnir teaching Sigurð lore, such as the identity of the 122: 110: 106: 2875:"God of War guide: The Flight of Fafnir walkthrough, items and collectibles" 1498:- a fish in Irish folklore that gave knowledge once eaten, similar to Fáfnir 2928: 1453: 1234: 1156: 102: 3433: 3392: 2367:. Translated by Brodeur, Arthur Gilchrist. Franklin Classics Trade Press. 645: 316: 228: 67: 3464: 2445: 1471: 1441: 1361: 1278: 1106: 1055: 1036: 375: 312: 114: 83: 3137: 2912: 739:

The sword quivers in the breast of the ring of green heathers (serpent),

599:, an Old Norse travel account of a pilgrimage route from Iceland to the 461:

and Fáfnir. The family recognised the otter skin as being their kinsman

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Beowulf : a translation and commentary, together with Sellic spell

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the generous ruler moved the bitter heart of the snake across the fire.

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Unerman, Sandra (April 2002). "Dragons in Twentieth Century Fiction".

2824:(in Swedish). Reykjavík: University of Iceland Press. pp. 83–102. 2815:

Ney, Agneta (2012). "Edda Snorra Sturlusonar och Sigurdstraditionen".

1114: 962: 141: 55: 34:, the so-called "Hylestad I", from the second half of the 12th century 3397: 2499: 1918: 1113:

in England, and a number of Swedish runestones such as that found in

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and the battle-daring leader proceeds to amuse himself with roasting.

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A depiction of Sigurð slaying Fáfnir on the right portal plank from

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Roda da Fortuna: Electronic Journal About Antiquity and Middle Ages

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contains two poems that mention Fáfnir. In the prose of the first,

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Understanding The Lord of the Rings: The Best of Tolkien Criticism

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Fáfnir appears as a playable character in the video game Smite, a

1242: 1083: 244: 3418: 3377: 3367: 3342: 3332: 3258: 1535: 1421: 1079: 1074:, dating to the second half of the 12th century. Carvings in the 954: 335: 192: 191:

as highly diverse and they could even change their form, as with

98: 90: 2519:"On the Sigurd Representations in Great Britain and Scandinavia" 2283:

The Saga of the Volsungs : with the Saga of Ragnar Lothbrok

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It was the pleasure of the wolf that my lord put many to flight;

378:, the treasure here is described as including the Helm of fear ( 3387: 3337: 3322: 1930: 1694: 1682: 1670: 1418: 1338: 1270: 1238: 1167: 1099: 476: 425: 343: 130: 118: 3443: 3122:. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 69. 1600: 1598: 1042:

Fáfnir's killing is depicted in a large number of carvings in

462: 355: 339: 248: 75: 3448: 3428: 3382: 3362: 3023:(1st Ballantine books ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. 2980:

Representing Beasts in Early Medieval England and Scandinavia

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Revisiting the Poetic Edda: Essays on Old Norse Heroic Legend

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The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs

2070: 2068: 2017: 1742: 1449:, Richard Wagner's granddaughter, at its dedication in 1966. 1249:, the king of the gods, in exchange for building the castle 3438: 3372: 2524:

Languages and Cultures: Studies in Honor of Edgar C. Polomé

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The earliest known account of the Völsung tradition is the

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actually used this Knowledge article as his primary source

82:, where, Fáfnir slays his father out of greed, taking the 2671:. Reykjavík: University of Iceland Press. pp. 59–82. 2152: 2065: 1954: 1942: 504: 163:

Germanic dragon § Origin, appearance and terminology

117:, and a single axe head in a Scandinavian style found in 2164: 1915:, pp. vii, 116–118, Introduction, chapters 157-159. 1730: 1508: 1318:, has many similarities to Fáfnir as well. In Tolkien's 231:

and takes his hoard of treasure that was often given as

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Fáfnir appears as a stamina type beyblade in the anime

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University of Denver ProQuest Dissertations Publishing

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Sigurð sucking the Fáfnir's heart-blood off his thumb.

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The Saga of Didrik of Bern with The Dwarf King Laurin

2344:"Illugi bryndœlaskáld, Poem about Haraldr harðráði 2" 2323:"Illugi bryndœlaskáld, Poem about Haraldr harðráði 1" 1993: 1882: 1870: 1846: 1776: 1774: 1547: 1191:

Fáfnir guards the gold hoard in this illustration by

419:". Regin then cuts out Fáfnir's heart with his sword 3059: 2521:. In Jazayery, Mohammad Ali; Winter, Werner (eds.). 2041: 1966: 1816: 1754: 1718: 825:

The second describes the cooking of Fáfnir's heart:

2847: 2648:"Die Nibelungen: Siegfried, and the Myth of 'Myth'" 2302:"Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill" 2140: 2110: 2080: 2053: 1894: 1062:depicts Fáfnir as he is stabbed and the cross from 428:, and loads all of it onto his horse Grani's back. 2950:Somerville, Angus A.; McDonald, R. Andrew (2013). 2949: 2769:"Giants in Folklore and Mythology: A New Approach" 2710:Medieval Nordic Literature in its European Context 1771: 1571: 1565: 1523: 1384:Fáfnir appears as an enemy in the 2018 video game 1159:to local traditions to facilitate conversion from 936:…to the heart of the whale of the heath (serpent)… 3193:"Amon Amarth: my Johan Hegg interview (outtakes)" 2580:". In Zimbardo, Rose A.; Isaacs, Neil D. (eds.). 2285:. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 2128: 1658: 1610: 1466:Fafner's Gold, opening track from the 2019 album 3538: 1481:Fighting Fefnir is a recurring character in the 1474:tells a stripped back story of Fáfnir. Vocalist 1257:instead. The treasure includes the magic helmet 1120: 733:blood flows down onto both wound-ships (swords), 247:for their unintended killing of Hreiðmarr's son 2527:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 133–156. 2240: 1806: 1804: 1791: 1789: 1393:Fáfnir appears as a recurring character in the 977:accounts that attribute to Sigurð the killing. 922: 915: 865: 858: 851: 844: 803: 796: 789: 782: 716: 709: 702: 695: 688: 681: 674: 667: 582: 470: 412: 267: 2661: 2426:"Norna-Gestr Saga, Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda" 2410:Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2348:Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2327:Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2306:Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2023: 1987: 1936: 590: 448:describes the story of Fáfnir when explaining 3227: 3077: 2424: 2188: 2158: 1712: 1287: 1209:Fáfnir appears with the spelling "Fafner" in 407:and the island where the gods will meet with 3155: 2848:Pasachoff, Jay M.; Filippenko, Alex (2019). 2466:. Translated by Cumpstey, Ian. Skadi Press. 2170: 1801: 1786: 327:that once Odin, Loki, and Hœnir went to the 2851:The Cosmos: Astronomy in the New Millennium 2818:The Legendary Sagas Origins and Development 2665:The Legendary Sagas Origins and Development 2602: 1748: 1736: 149:The name "Fáfnir" has been translated from 3234: 3220: 3115: 2828: 2726: 2578:Frodo and Aragorn: The Concept of the Hero 2200: 2122: 1541: 1517: 1132:establishment of the church in Scandinavia 2750:Germanische Heldendichtung im Mittelalter 2707: 2444: 2362: 2011: 1700: 1688: 1676: 1652: 1640: 1628: 1219:(1848–1874), although he began life as a 3171: 2983:. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 73–93. 2712:. Oslo: Dreyers Forlag. pp. 50–77. 2280: 2182: 1864: 1186: 1094:, an axe of Scandinavian style found in 1026: 727:The sunbeam of the land of Gunnr (sword) 503: 302: 140: 25: 3096: 3037: 3018: 2894: 2688: 2645: 2575: 2381: 2263:The Poetic Edda: The Mythological Poems 2259: 2146: 2098: 2086: 2074: 1888: 1876: 1852: 1840: 1631:, Skáldskaparmál, chapters 46 & 47. 1604: 1589: 1155:or Michael, in a form of adaptation of 984: 750: 622: 3539: 2972: 2747: 2403: 1999: 1780: 1724: 1125: 1022: 933:…bleeding with water above the leader… 568: 3241: 3215: 3138:"Fafnir: The Lord of Glittering Gold" 3005: 2935:. Translated by Hall, Angela. BOYE6. 2927: 2872: 2675: 2516: 2489: 2389:. London: Harper Collins Publishers. 2134: 2059: 2047: 2035: 1975: 1960: 1948: 1927:, pp. 116–118, Chapters 157-159. 1900: 1765: 1553: 1529: 1314:Glaurung, another dragon featured in 1177: 1066:depicts Sigurð cooking his heart. In 213: 2901:Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 2766: 2299: 1825: 1616: 1470:by Swedish melodic death metal band 730:stabs into the ground of jaws (head) 539: 218: 2814: 2549: 2266:. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. 1664: 1577: 1432:is centred on the figure of Fafnir. 1245:, who has been promised to them by 573:In some manuscript versions of the 475:, here explicitly referred to as a 13: 3197:alienatedinvancouver.blogspot.com/ 3058: 2954:. Companions to Medieval Studies. 2933:A Dictionary of Northern Mythology 2462: 1924: 1912: 1102:likely shows the death of Fáfnir. 636: 14: 3568: 3136: 3119:Jack Kirby Checklist Gold Edition 2194: 1306:. The exchange between Smaug and 631: 3306: 2897:"The nature of Beowulf's dragon" 2752:. Berlin, New York: de Gruyter. 2341: 2320: 2245:, lit. 'Fighting General Fáfnir' 1810: 1795: 1366:International Astronomical Union 1233:(1869), which has some basis in 1031:Sigurð killing Fáfnir, from the 499: 346:on the bank, in the shape of an 16:Figure in Germanic heroic legend 3504:The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún 3116:Publishing, TwoMorrows (2008). 2833:. Lund: Nordic Academic Press. 2222: 2111:Pasachoff & Filippenko 2019 1461:multiplayer online battle arena 1006: 644:is attributed with composing a 512:, depicting the story of Fáfnir 198:While in the form of a worm in 78:and is attested throughout the 3191: 3184:, Paleontology, vol. 12, 2406:"Þorfinnr munnr, Lausavísur 1" 2206: 1566:Somerville & McDonald 2013 944: 924:†endi† heiðar hvals til hjarta 887: 298: 1: 2785:10.1080/0015587X.1982.9716221 2691:Mittelhochdeutsche Heldenepik 2432:. Translated by Kershaw, Nora 2215: 1655:, Skáldskaparmál, chapter 47. 1643:, Skáldskaparmál, chapter 46. 1445:skeleton was named Fafner by 1360:In 2015, the star designated 1277:. However, while Fasolt is a 1121:Interpretation and discussion 898: 827: 765: 650: 431: 195:and potentially also Fáfnir. 156: 3552:Creatures in Norse mythology 3102:Miss Kobayashi's Dragon Maid 2555:Mythology in the Middle Ages 2482: 2260:Bellows, Henry Adam (2004). 1867:, p. xxi, Introduction. 1502: 1403:Miss Kobayashi's Dragon Maid 1182: 690:benskeiðr, en gramr reiðisk. 581:is described by the kenning 354:. Loki caught Andvari using 7: 3186:Science Museum of Minnesota 2956:University of Toronto Press 2829:Nordanskog, Gunnar (2006). 2689:Lienert, Elisabeth (2015). 2646:Gröning, Noak Snow (2022). 2603:Giampiccolo, Luana (2013). 2241: 1489: 1437:Science Museum of Minnesota 1415:, owned by Free de la Hoya. 917:†arðar† vatni blœtt of vísa 892:In a fragmentary stanza in 784:Vargs vas munr, þats margan 736:and the prince grows angry. 660:Modern English translation 597:Leiðarvísir og borgarskipan 591:Leiðarvísir og borgarskipan 10: 3573: 3019:Tolkien, J. R. R. (1992). 2856:Cambridge University Press 2363:Sturluson, Snorri (2018). 2281:Crawford, Jackson (2017). 2252: 1288:As inspiration for Tolkien 160: 18: 3483: 3457: 3411: 3315: 3304: 3250: 3006:Tally, Joyce Ann (1983). 2975:"Wreoþenhilt ond wyrmfah" 2973:Symons, Victoria (2015). 2952:The Vikings and their Age 2693:. Berlin: Erich Schmidt. 2584:. Boston, Massachusetts: 2576:Flieger, Verlyn (2004). " 2533:10.1515/9783110864359.133 2430:www.germanicmythology.com 2342:Gade, Kari Ellen (2009). 2321:Gade, Kari Ellen (2009). 2300:Gade, Kari Ellen (2017). 2232: 1715:, Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. 1300:, the main antagonist of 907: 901: 836: 830: 805:minn dróttinn rak flótta. 791:— menskerðir stakk sverði 774: 768: 669:Geisli stendr til grundar 659: 653: 54:slain by a member of the 3083:Beyblade Burst Evolution 2895:Shilton, Howard (1997). 2655:University of Gothenburg 1544:, pp. 79–88, 90–91. 1412:Beyblade Burst Evolution 1364:was named Fafnir by the 1354: 860:mildr réð orms of eldi — 718:ferr við steik at leika. 697:Hristisk hjǫrr í brjósti 227:Fáfnir kills his father 175:and resembling a dwarf ( 2999:10.7722/j.ctt13wzt8f.10 2748:Millet, Victor (2008). 1371:Fáfnir was depicted in 1216:Der Ring des Nibelungen 1058:, the stone cross from 1000: 970: 923: 916: 866: 859: 853:— eiskaldi gramr beisku 852: 845: 804: 797: 790: 783: 717: 710: 703: 696: 689: 683:ofan fellr blóð á báðar 682: 675: 668: 583: 562: 471: 413: 383: 370:. Along with Andvari's 319:, the eponymous figure 268: 263: 180: 136: 21:Fafnir (disambiguation) 3021:The book of lost tales 2854:. Cambridge, England: 2612:Nordicum-Mediterraneum 2404:Whaley, Diana (2012). 1321:The Book of Lost Tales 1275:opera of the same name 1227:. In the first opera, 1206: 1039: 557:as Sigurð Fáfnisbane ( 513: 491:. He forged the sword 436:In the section of the 308: 187:were presented in the 146: 40:Germanic heroic legend 35: 3511:The Lord of the Rings 2676:Kopár, Lilla (2004). 2517:Düwel, Klaus (1988). 1348:The Lord of the Rings 1327:The Children of Húrin 1316:Tolkien's legendarium 1190: 1076:Hylestad Stave Church 1030: 867:austrfǫr þaðan gǫrva. 846:Enn helt ulfa brynnir 704:hringi grœnna lyngva, 507: 306: 161:Further information: 144: 32:Hylestad Stave Church 29: 2873:Ramos, Jeff (2018). 2767:Motz, Lotte (1982). 2682:University of Szeged 2492:Larrington, Carolyne 1963:, pp. 135, 138. 1951:, pp. 135, 137. 1381:series, as "Fafnir". 1213:'s epic opera cycle 985:Continental Germanic 798:myrkaurriða markar — 757:Illugi bryndœlaskáld 751:Illugi bryndœlaskáld 711:en folkþorinn fylkir 676:Gunnar jarðar munna; 623:Unnamed attestations 391:In the second poem, 19:For other uses, see 3079:"Beyblade Official" 2913:10.7227/BJRL.79.3.7 2551:Fee, Christopher R. 2024:Guðmundsdóttir 2012 1988:Guðmundsdóttir 2012 1937:Guðmundsdóttir 2012 1843:, pp. 290–291. 1496:Salmon of Knowledge 1273:as depicted in the 1172:Earl of Northumbria 1161:Old Nordic religion 1126:Christian reception 1086:and outside of the 1023:Medieval depictions 575:Icelandic rune poem 569:Icelandic rune poem 208:translated romances 153:as "the embracer". 66:, he is the son of 3353:Helgi Hundingsbane 3173:Erickson, Bruce R. 2624:10.33112/nm.8.1.36 2502:. pp. 53–57. 2350:. pp. 283–284 2329:. pp. 282–283 2077:, pp. 94–101. 1990:, pp. 68, 74. 1485:video game series. 1207: 1178:Cultural influence 1040: 514: 309: 214:Named attestations 147: 58:family, typically 36: 3534: 3533: 3498:Hagbard and Signy 3278:Norna-Gests þáttr 3142:www.smitegame.com 3129:978-1-60549-005-2 2990:978-1-78327-008-8 2965:978-1-4426-0522-0 2865:978-1-108-43138-5 2840:978-91-89116-85-6 2759:978-3-11-020102-4 2719:978-82-8265-072-4 2700:978-3-503-15573-6 2568:978-0-275-98406-9 2509:978-0-415-88861-5 2456:Magnusson, Eirikr 2159:Beyblade Official 2038:, pp. 77–79. 2014:, pp. 61–62. 1939:, pp. 73–75. 1751:, pp. 10–11. 1713:Norna-Gests þáttr 1556:, pp. 53–57. 1447:Friedelind Wagner 1341:, who appears in 1330:, he is slain by 1149:soldier of Christ 1141:archangel Michael 942: 941: 908:Gade translation 885: 884: 837:Gade translation 823: 822: 775:Gade translation 748: 747: 546:Norna-Gests þáttr 540:Norna-Gests þáttr 342:who was eating a 275:Fáfnir's brother 219:General narrative 185:dwarf appearances 173:Norna-Gests þáttr 86:and hoard of the 70:, and brother of 3564: 3557:European dragons 3310: 3236: 3229: 3222: 3213: 3212: 3207: 3205: 3204: 3188: 3183: 3168: 3167: 3166: 3158:Hinn Mikli Dreki 3152: 3150: 3149: 3133: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3074: 3072: 3070: 3055: 3034: 3015: 3002: 2969: 2946: 2924: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2869: 2844: 2825: 2823: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2763: 2744: 2723: 2704: 2685: 2672: 2670: 2658: 2652: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2609: 2599: 2586:Houghton Mifflin 2572: 2546: 2513: 2477: 2459: 2450:. Translated by 2441: 2439: 2437: 2421: 2419: 2417: 2400: 2378: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2296: 2277: 2246: 2244: 2234: 2226: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2171:Hinn Mikli Dreki 2168: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2078: 2072: 2063: 2057: 2051: 2045: 2039: 2033: 2027: 2021: 2015: 2009: 2003: 1997: 1991: 1985: 1979: 1973: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1946: 1940: 1934: 1928: 1922: 1916: 1910: 1904: 1898: 1892: 1886: 1880: 1874: 1868: 1862: 1856: 1850: 1844: 1838: 1829: 1823: 1814: 1808: 1799: 1793: 1784: 1778: 1769: 1763: 1752: 1749:Giampiccolo 2013 1746: 1740: 1737:Giampiccolo 2013 1734: 1728: 1722: 1716: 1710: 1704: 1698: 1692: 1686: 1680: 1674: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1632: 1626: 1620: 1614: 1608: 1602: 1593: 1587: 1581: 1580:, pp. 8–10. 1575: 1569: 1563: 1557: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1527: 1521: 1515: 1430:Hinn Mikli Dreki 926: 919: 899: 869: 862: 855: 848: 828: 807: 800: 793: 786: 766: 720: 713: 706: 699: 692: 685: 678: 671: 651: 586: 474: 446:Snorri Sturluson 418: 271: 105:and a number of 64:Nordic mythology 3572: 3571: 3567: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3562: 3561: 3537: 3536: 3535: 3530: 3479: 3453: 3407: 3311: 3302: 3265:Heysham hogback 3246: 3240: 3210: 3202: 3200: 3181: 3164: 3162: 3147: 3145: 3130: 3106: 3104: 3087: 3085: 3068: 3066: 3031: 2991: 2966: 2943: 2885: 2883: 2866: 2841: 2821: 2805: 2803: 2760: 2720: 2701: 2668: 2650: 2636: 2634: 2607: 2596: 2569: 2543: 2510: 2485: 2480: 2474: 2452:Morris, William 2435: 2433: 2415: 2413: 2397: 2383:Tolkien, J.R.R. 2375: 2353: 2351: 2332: 2330: 2311: 2309: 2293: 2274: 2255: 2250: 2249: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2181: 2177: 2169: 2165: 2157: 2153: 2145: 2141: 2133: 2129: 2123:Publishing 2008 2121: 2117: 2109: 2105: 2097: 2093: 2085: 2081: 2073: 2066: 2058: 2054: 2046: 2042: 2034: 2030: 2022: 2018: 2010: 2006: 1998: 1994: 1986: 1982: 1974: 1967: 1959: 1955: 1947: 1943: 1935: 1931: 1923: 1919: 1911: 1907: 1899: 1895: 1887: 1883: 1875: 1871: 1863: 1859: 1851: 1847: 1839: 1832: 1828:, p. 1000. 1824: 1817: 1809: 1802: 1794: 1787: 1779: 1772: 1764: 1755: 1747: 1743: 1735: 1731: 1723: 1719: 1711: 1707: 1699: 1695: 1687: 1683: 1675: 1671: 1663: 1659: 1651: 1647: 1639: 1635: 1627: 1623: 1615: 1611: 1603: 1596: 1588: 1584: 1576: 1572: 1564: 1560: 1552: 1548: 1542:Mikučionis 2017 1540: 1536: 1528: 1524: 1518:Nordanskog 2006 1516: 1509: 1505: 1492: 1357: 1290: 1185: 1180: 1128: 1123: 1096:Vladimir Oblast 1044:Northern Europe 1025: 1009: 987: 947: 890: 761:Harald Hardrada 753: 639: 637:Þorfinnr munnra 634: 625: 593: 571: 542: 510:Ramsund carving 508:Drawing of the 502: 434: 301: 221: 216: 189:medieval period 165: 159: 139: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3570: 3560: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3532: 3531: 3529: 3528: 3521: 3518:Nibelungenlied 3514: 3507: 3500: 3495: 3487: 3485: 3481: 3480: 3478: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3461: 3459: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3415: 3413: 3409: 3408: 3406: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3300: 3293: 3290:Skáldskaparmál 3286: 3281: 3274: 3267: 3262: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3247: 3239: 3238: 3231: 3224: 3216: 3209: 3208: 3189: 3169: 3153: 3134: 3128: 3113: 3094: 3075: 3056: 3035: 3029: 3016: 3003: 2989: 2970: 2964: 2947: 2941: 2925: 2892: 2870: 2864: 2845: 2839: 2826: 2812: 2764: 2758: 2745: 2724: 2718: 2705: 2699: 2686: 2673: 2659: 2643: 2600: 2595:978-0618422531 2594: 2573: 2567: 2547: 2541: 2514: 2508: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2478: 2472: 2460: 2442: 2422: 2401: 2395: 2379: 2373: 2365:The Prose Edda 2360: 2339: 2318: 2308:. p. 1001 2297: 2291: 2278: 2272: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2247: 2242:Tōshō Fābuniru 2220: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2211: 2199: 2187: 2175: 2163: 2151: 2139: 2127: 2115: 2113:, p. 658. 2103: 2101:, p. 142. 2091: 2079: 2064: 2052: 2050:, p. 144. 2040: 2028: 2016: 2012:McKinnell 2015 2004: 2002:, p. 160. 1992: 1980: 1978:, p. 139. 1965: 1953: 1941: 1929: 1917: 1905: 1893: 1881: 1869: 1857: 1845: 1830: 1815: 1800: 1785: 1770: 1768:, p. 136. 1753: 1741: 1729: 1717: 1705: 1693: 1681: 1669: 1657: 1653:Sturluson 2018 1645: 1641:Sturluson 2018 1633: 1629:Sturluson 2018 1621: 1609: 1594: 1582: 1570: 1568:, p. 125. 1558: 1546: 1534: 1522: 1520:, p. 241. 1506: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1499: 1491: 1488: 1487: 1486: 1479: 1464: 1450: 1433: 1416: 1407: 1391: 1382: 1369: 1356: 1353: 1332:Turin Turambar 1294:J.R.R. Tolkien 1289: 1286: 1223:rather than a 1211:Richard Wagner 1197:Richard Wagner 1193:Arthur Rackham 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1134:, despite its 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1024: 1021: 1008: 1005: 992:Nibelungenlied 986: 983: 946: 943: 940: 939: 938: 937: 934: 929: 928: 927: 920: 910: 909: 906: 889: 886: 883: 882: 881: 880: 877: 872: 871: 870: 863: 856: 849: 839: 838: 835: 821: 820: 819: 818: 815: 810: 809: 808: 801: 794: 787: 777: 776: 773: 755:The poetry of 752: 749: 746: 745: 744: 743: 740: 737: 734: 731: 728: 723: 722: 721: 714: 707: 700: 693: 686: 679: 672: 662: 661: 658: 642:Þorfinnr munnr 638: 635: 633: 632:Skaldic poetry 630: 624: 621: 592: 589: 570: 567: 541: 538: 501: 498: 442:Skáldskaparmál 433: 430: 300: 297: 296: 295: 287: 284: 273: 256:worm or dragon 252: 220: 217: 215: 212: 181:dvergr of vǫxt 158: 155: 138: 135: 52:worm or dragon 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3569: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3547:Völsung cycle 3545: 3544: 3542: 3527: 3526: 3522: 3520: 3519: 3515: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3493: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3482: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3460: 3456: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3412:Other figures 3410: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3314: 3309: 3299: 3298: 3297:Volsunga saga 3294: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3285: 3284:Sigurd stones 3282: 3280: 3279: 3275: 3273: 3272: 3271:Niflung Cycle 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3244:Völsung Cycle 3237: 3232: 3230: 3225: 3223: 3218: 3217: 3214: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3187: 3180: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3125: 3121: 3120: 3114: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3084: 3080: 3076: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3046:(1): 94–101. 3045: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3030:9780345375216 3026: 3022: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2986: 2982: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2944: 2942:9780859915137 2938: 2934: 2930: 2929:Simek, Rudolf 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2893: 2882: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2867: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2852: 2846: 2842: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2820: 2819: 2813: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2761: 2755: 2751: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2725: 2721: 2715: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2696: 2692: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2667: 2666: 2660: 2656: 2649: 2644: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2606: 2601: 2597: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2542:3-11-010204-8 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2487: 2475: 2473:9798755963664 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2448: 2447:Völsunga Saga 2443: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2412:. p. 845 2411: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2396:9780007590070 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2374:9780344335013 2370: 2366: 2361: 2349: 2345: 2340: 2328: 2324: 2319: 2307: 2303: 2298: 2294: 2292:9781624666339 2288: 2284: 2279: 2275: 2273:9780486437101 2269: 2265: 2264: 2258: 2257: 2243: 2238: 2230: 2225: 2221: 2208: 2203: 2196: 2191: 2185:, p. 22. 2184: 2183:Erickson 2017 2179: 2172: 2167: 2160: 2155: 2148: 2143: 2136: 2131: 2124: 2119: 2112: 2107: 2100: 2095: 2088: 2083: 2076: 2071: 2069: 2062:, p. 79. 2061: 2056: 2049: 2044: 2037: 2032: 2026:, p. 74. 2025: 2020: 2013: 2008: 2001: 1996: 1989: 1984: 1977: 1972: 1970: 1962: 1957: 1950: 1945: 1938: 1933: 1926: 1921: 1914: 1909: 1903:, p. 12. 1902: 1897: 1891:, p. 16. 1890: 1885: 1879:, p. 38. 1878: 1873: 1866: 1865:Crawford 2017 1861: 1855:, p. 68. 1854: 1849: 1842: 1837: 1835: 1827: 1822: 1820: 1812: 1807: 1805: 1797: 1792: 1790: 1782: 1777: 1775: 1767: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1750: 1745: 1738: 1733: 1727:, p. 82. 1726: 1721: 1714: 1709: 1703:, Chapter 19. 1702: 1701:Völsunga Saga 1697: 1691:, Chapter 18. 1690: 1689:Völsunga Saga 1685: 1679:, Chapter 14. 1678: 1677:Völsunga Saga 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