740:: one by Guerin and one anonymous. In summary, the story begins when a rich earl marries his daughter off to a "young peasant" and deems him a knight. The knight abandons the code of chivalry and lazes around for the first ten years of the marriage. When his wife, tired of his demeaning attitude and lazy nature, speaks of the greatness of the knights in her family, the husband decides to prove himself a worthy knight. He dresses in armor and goes into the forest on horseback. Once in the forest, he hangs his shield on the lowest branch of a tree and beats it until it looks as if it endured a great battle. The knight returns to his wife, shows her his bruised armor, and gloats about his victories. After a few trips into the forest, the wife begins to wonder why the knight himself is unscathed while his armor is in shambles. The next day, she suggests he take servants with him. When he refuses, the lady dresses in a full body suit of armor and follows him into the forest. When she sees him beating his own shield, she steps into sight and threatens to kill him for his dishonor to chivalry. The knight does not recognize his wife's voice. He begs for "pity" and offers to do anything to avoid conflict. His wife, disguised as a mighty knight, gives him the option of jousting her, in which he will surely die, or kissing her arse. Out of cowardice, the knight chooses to kiss her arse. She hops off her horse and pulls down her pants. While the knight should have recognized her female genitalia, he remarks that she has a long arse. Before she leaves, she tells him, "I'm BĂ©rangier of the Long Ass, Who puts shame to the chickenhearted." The wife returns home and sleeps with a valiant knight. When her husband arrives from the forest, he rebukes her. However, that was his last demeaning remark to her. She tells him she met BĂ©rangier and learned of her husband's cowardice. To protect his own name, the knight is forced to succumb to his wife's wishes. Her cleverness leads her to do as she pleased for the rest of her life, and her husband lives in shame.
665:, and share the bedroom with Gombert, his beautiful wife, and their two children—one teenage girl, and one baby. One of the clerks climbs into bed with the teenage daughter and, promising her his ring, has his way with her; the other, while Gombert is "ala pissier" ("gone pissing", 85), moves the crib with the baby so that Gombert, on his return, lies down in the bed occupied by the clerks—one of whom is in bed with his daughter, while the other is now having sex with Gombert's wife, who thinks it is Gombert come to pleasure her. When the first clerk returns to his bed where he thinks his friend still is, he tells Gombert all about his adventure: "je vien de fotre / mes que ce fu la fille a l'oste" ("I've just been fucking, and if it wasn't the host's daughter", 152–53). Gombert attacks the first clerk, but ends up being beaten up by both.
702:, a merchant returns home after an absence of two years to find his wife with a newborn son. She explains one snowy day she swallowed a snowflake while thinking about her husband, which caused her to conceive. Pretending to believe the "miracle", they raise the boy until the age of 15 when the merchant takes him on a business trip to
839:, p.11: "The scandal of the fabliaux--the excessiveness of their sexual and scatological obscenity, their anticlericalism, antifeminism, anticourtliness, the consistency with which they indulge the senses, whet the appetites (erotic, gastronomic, economic) and affirm what Bakhtin identifies as the "celebration of lower body parts."
288:
is defined as a short narrative in (usually octosyllabic) verse, between 300 and 400 lines long, its content often comic or satiric. In France, it flourished in the 12th and 13th centuries; in
England, it was popular in the 14th century.
563:, tropes which disrupt ordinary signification and displace ordinary meanings—by similarity of sound, for instance, one can have both "con" and "conte" ("cunt" and "tale") in the same word, a common pun in
462:, as well as beggars, connivers, thieves, and whores. Two groups are often singled out for criticism: the clergy and women. The status of peasants appears to vary, based on the audience for which the
312:
is remarkable in that it seems to have no direct literary predecessor in the West, but was brought from the East by returning crusaders in the 12th century. The closest literary genre is the
336:: "the story is the first thing, the moral the second, and the latter is never suffered to interfere with the former." Still, according to Robert Lewis, "some two-thirds of the French
485:
is estimated differently by different critics. Joseph BĂ©dier suggests a bourgeois audience, which sees itself reflected in the urban settings and lower-class types portrayed in
661:
A well-known storyline is found in "Gombert et les deus clers" ("Gombert and the two clerks"). Two traveling clerks (students) take up lodging with a
1651:
2546:
1826:
1818:
172:
1383:
555:
derive a lot of their force from puns and other verbal figures; "fabliaux . . . are obsessed with wordplay." Especially important are
1286:
First and
Otherwise Notable Editions of Medieval French Texts Printed from 1742 to 1874: A Bibliographical Catalogue of My Collection
1485:
2875:
1708:
809:
674:
2558:
1802:
1783:
1697:
1611:
1590:
1564:
1467:
1430:
1351:
1309:
1275:
1229:
1206:
772:
478:) as stupid and vile, whereas those written for the lower classes often tell of peasants getting the better of the clergy.
3187:
1887:
1018:
Les
Fabliaux. Etude de littérature populaire et d'histoire littéraire du moyen âge. Quatrième édition, revue et corrigée.
1537:
1838:, a collection of fabliaux edited by Anatole de Montaiglon and Gaston Raynaud (1872) at the Internet Archive: volumes
2961:
2541:
1640:
1518:
1405:
968:
221:, and by a set of contrary attitudes—contrary to the church and to the nobility. Several of them were reworked by
165:
43:
815:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
2870:
2282:
67:
3139:
2424:
531:
605:
1663:
729:
723:
515:
are concerned with the elements of love left out by poets who wrote in the more elevated genres such as
1506:
587:
158:
120:
63:
47:
2988:
2252:
1747:
3161:
2356:
1823:
2983:
2951:
2811:
2568:
2446:
1880:
1422:
799:
112:
3057:
2956:
2946:
2682:
2496:
1198:
756:"La vielle qui graissa la patte de chevalier" ("The old woman who paid the knight for favors.")
529:, who maintains silence on the exact nature of the joy discovered by Lancelot and Guinevere in
1441:
1339:
1319:
1301:
398:
form. Noting its popularity, the church turned to their own form of minstrelsy similar to the
2966:
2791:
2786:
2766:
2667:
2120:
1734:
1268:
The
Stereotype of the Priest in the Old French Fabliaux: Anticlerical Satire and Lay Identity
1217:
1158:
506:
526:
417:
short story, which was greatly influenced by its predecessor. Famous French writers such as
3042:
2865:
2491:
2204:
2088:
2016:
1368:
108:
104:
545:
have much in common; an example of a poem straddling the fence between the two genres is "
8:
3129:
2971:
2921:
2889:
2828:
2781:
2553:
2536:
2531:
2524:
2484:
2436:
2344:
2247:
2229:
2100:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1489:
804:
683:
422:
1715:
1171:
The
Fabliaux, p. 491. United Kingdom: Liveright, 2013. (Translations Nathaniel E. Dubin)
1148:
The
Fabliaux, p. 345. United Kingdom: Liveright, 2013. (Translations Nathaniel E. Dubin)
1128:
The
Fabliaux, p. 143. United Kingdom: Liveright, 2013. (Translations Nathaniel E. Dubin)
3107:
3102:
3092:
3032:
2978:
2746:
2736:
2510:
2479:
2466:
2277:
2262:
2219:
2179:
2105:
2056:
1873:
1659:
1394:
1373:
1191:
1117:
The
Fabliaux, p. 181. United Kingdom: Liveright, 2013. (Translation Nathaniel E. Dubin)
371:
366:
302:
222:
116:
3182:
3112:
2998:
2916:
2882:
2806:
2776:
2741:
2711:
2456:
2414:
2409:
2339:
2334:
2306:
2272:
2237:
1947:
1798:
1779:
1693:
1636:
1607:
1586:
1560:
1533:
1514:
1463:
1426:
1401:
1347:
1305:
1294:
1271:
1225:
1202:
964:
614:
537:
141:
35:
1247:
525:(II.704–5) that the Muse should not enter the room where the lovers are in bed; and
413:
gradually disappeared, at the beginning of the 16th century, it was replaced by the
3052:
2894:
2796:
2771:
2761:
2756:
2731:
2635:
2451:
2441:
2399:
2189:
2154:
2073:
2041:
1957:
1932:
1904:
1455:
679:
386:
381:
254:
237:
232:
2143:
3097:
3047:
3037:
2904:
2860:
2843:
2751:
2094:
2021:
2006:
1952:
1830:
1773:
1687:
1630:
1601:
1548:
1416:
1170:
1147:
1127:
1116:
1105:
717:
475:
196:
31:
1106:
The
Fabliaux. United Kingdom: Liveright, 2013. (Translations Nathaniel E. Dubin)
364:
The genre has been quite influential: passages in longer medieval poems such as
3085:
3064:
2850:
2838:
2706:
2677:
2429:
2267:
2184:
2169:
1927:
1159:
Logic and humour in the fabliaux: an essay in applied narratology By Roy Pearcy
695:
643:
1459:
710:. On his return, he explains to his wife that the sun burns bright and hot in
3176:
3146:
3011:
2899:
2855:
2801:
2721:
2691:
2630:
2588:
2371:
2349:
2296:
2136:
2115:
2110:
1962:
1942:
1922:
1387:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 116–117.
1378:
137:
3151:
3016:
2389:
2125:
2066:
2011:
1984:
1186:
699:
591:
521:
298:
261:
215:
570:
Bacon is one of the commonest foodstuffs in, and a common subject in, the
402:
that espoused "worthy thoughts" rather than the "ribaldry" a more typical
3156:
3122:
3117:
2726:
2716:
2662:
2640:
2474:
2361:
2174:
2159:
2130:
2083:
2026:
2001:
1989:
560:
556:
294:
214:
between c. 1150 and 1400. They are generally characterized by sexual and
3006:
2911:
2603:
2519:
2514:
2194:
2164:
1912:
639:
376:
418:
320:"and its eastern origins or parallels," but it is less moral and less
146:
2933:
2696:
2618:
2419:
2319:
2242:
2199:
2149:
2061:
1996:
1937:
1917:
1896:
1218:"Le developpement des structures narratives du fabliau a la nouvelle"
669:
622:. They are generally short, a few hundred lines; Douin de L'Avesne's
601:
227:
218:
2078:
714:; since the boy was begotten by a snowflake, he melted in the heat.
3134:
2941:
2625:
2593:
2505:
2500:
2379:
2324:
2257:
2214:
1979:
1968:
1326:. Vol. 11. Garretson, Cox & Company. 1897. pp. 420–21
647:
467:
426:
358:
273:
207:
765:"Le Pretre qui mangea les mûres" ("The priest who ate mulberries")
3069:
2833:
2701:
2657:
2652:
2404:
2394:
2209:
2031:
1583:
Fabliaux
Erotiques: Textes de jongleurs des XIIe et XIIIe siècles
707:
597:
546:
459:
451:
349:
333:
1819:
Bibliographic dataset of fabliaux in modern English translations
1418:
Madness in Medieval French Literature: Identities Found and Lost
3073:
2823:
2608:
2384:
2291:
2050:
1446:
455:
324:
than the fable. The word is a northern French diminutive from
269:
211:
1836:
Recueil général et complet des fabliaux des 13e et 14e siècles
1689:
Comic provocations: Exposing the corpus of old french fabliaux
1603:
Animal Body, Literary Corpus: The Old French "Roman de Renart"
1391:
1372:
1096:. Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 1982. Print.
466:
was being written. Poems that were presumably written for the
3080:
2647:
2598:
2576:
2329:
2314:
1094:
Cuckolds, Clerics, & Countrymen: Medieval French Fabliaux
711:
703:
594:
414:
329:
328:.." In terms of morality it is suggested to be closer to the
317:
313:
1865:
1296:
The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory
789:"Du prestre ki abevete" ("The priest who peeked") by Guèrin
2818:
2613:
1974:
1824:
English translations of fabliaux related to Chaucer's tales
963:. Minneapolis, MN: Burgess Publishing Company. p. 76.
899:
897:
516:
493:
were directed towards a noble audience, and concludes that
394:. Additionally, the medieval church also found use for the
1775:
The Comic Text: Patterns and Images of Old French Fabliaux
361:, "the prototype of the jongleur of medieval literature."
16:
Comic, typically anonymous, ribald French tale (1150-1400)
1549:"The Old French Fabliau and the Poetics of Disfiguration"
1248:"Three Old French Narrative Lays: Trot, Lecheor, Nabaret"
1628:
1292:
Cuddon, John Anthony; Claire Preston (1999). "Fabliau".
1065:"Gombert et les deux clers", in Rossi and Straub 119–35.
894:
656:
1504:
1245:
848:
R. Howard Bloch, "Postface," in Rossi and Straub, 534.
279:
353:(c. 1159–1175); one of the earliest known writers of
305:, called it "a short story broader than it is long."
1291:
718:"BĂ©rangier au lonc cul" (BĂ©rangier of the long arse)
650:, Enguerrant le Clerc d'Oisi and Douin de L'Avesne.
1580:
1764:The Norton Anthology of Western Literature. Vol. 1
1393:
1293:
1190:
1761:
245:are extant, the number depending on how narrowly
3174:
1224:. Publication Univ Rouen Havre. pp. 30–38.
762:"Le Couverture partagée" ("The shared covering")
689:
1253:. University of Liverpool, Department of French
775:" ("The Knight who made cunts speak") by Guèrin
441:
260:Some nineteenth-century scholars, most notably
1220:. In Gabriel Bianciotto, Michel Salvat (ed.).
450:contain a vast array of characters, including
206:) is a comic, often anonymous tale written by
1881:
1682:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
1392:Hellman, Robert; Richard F. O'Gorman (1965).
489:. On the other hand, Per Nykrog argues that
166:
1344:Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of literature
1185:
1559:. Medieval and Renaissance Society: 17–32.
1511:Nouveau Recueil Complet des Fabliaux (NRCF)
668:The tale is found practically unchanged in
600:, the most common verse form used in verse
497:were the impetus for literary refreshment.
370:as well as tales found in collections like
1888:
1874:
1627:A New English translation of 69 fabliaux:
1513:(in French). France: Van Gorcum & co.
1396:Fabliaux: Ribald Tales from the Old French
1367:
1246:Burgess, Glyn S.; Leslie C. Brook (1999).
914:
912:
903:
340:have an explicit moral attached to them."
272:and were brought to the West by returning
249:is defined. According to R. Howard Bloch,
173:
159:
1486:"The Knight who received an unusual gift"
1483:
1758:. Birmingham: Summa Publications, Inc.
1439:
1215:
958:
878:
876:
626:, at 2984 lines, is exceptionally long.
1706:
1685:
1599:
1581:Rossi, Luciano; Richard Straub (1992).
1265:
936:1159 in Cuddon 301; 1175 in "Fabliau",
909:
3175:
2559:Types of fiction with multiple endings
1792:
1768:(four fabliaux in English translation)
1649:
1527:
1346:. Merriam-Webster. 1995. p. 399.
1197:(6 ed.). Harcourt Brace. p.
1869:
1766:. New York: Norton. pp. 1430–52.
1288:. Sitges: Cole & Contreras, 2005.
996:. Garretson, Cox & Company. 1897.
959:Bahn, Eugene; Bahn, Margaret (1970).
873:
864:
195:
1795:Les Fabliaux : Nouvelle Édition
1771:
1546:
1414:
810:Aarne–Thompson classification system
773:Le Chevalier qui fit les cons parler
759:"Le Pauvre Clerc" ("The poor clerk")
629:
511:The subject matter is often sexual:
390:have their origin in one or several
1650:Benson, Larry D. (3 October 2006).
1442:"The Wife of Bath and All Her Sect"
280:History and definition of the genre
13:
1621:
436:
14:
3199:
2962:Third-person omniscient narrative
1812:
1762:Lawall (Gen. ed.), Sarah (2005).
1629:Nathaniel Dubin (trans.) (2013).
1606:. Amsterdam: Rodopi. p. 52.
1007:See in particular Burrows (2005).
743:
500:
429:owe much to the tradition of the
961:A History of Oral Interpretation
736:. There are two versions of the
1707:Hopkins, Amanda (Autumn 2008).
1686:Crocker, Holly A., ed. (2007).
1300:(4 ed.). Penguin. p.
1179:
1164:
1152:
1141:
1132:
1121:
1110:
1099:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1010:
1001:
986:
977:
952:
943:
930:
706:. There, he sells the boy into
293:is often compared to the later
2350:Conflict between good and evil
1222:Épopée animale, fable, fabliau
921:
885:
851:
842:
829:
816:Motif-Index of Folk-Literature
1:
1895:
822:
1797:(in French). Librarie Droz.
1656:The Geoffrey Chaucer Website
1193:A Glossary of Literary Terms
532:Le Chevalier de la Charrette
442:Cast of characters, audience
253:are the first expression of
147:French literature Wikisource
7:
1772:Levy, Brian Joseph (2000).
1680:The Scandal of the Fabliaux
793:
657:"Gombert et les deus clers"
653:Some representative tales:
10:
3204:
3188:12th-century introductions
1678:Bloch, R. Howard. (1986).
1440:Matthews, William (1975).
1216:Balachov, Nicolas (1984).
721:
588:Medieval French literature
504:
406:would couch its moral in.
3025:
2997:
2989:Stream of unconsciousness
2932:
2676:
2567:
2520:Falling action/Catastasis
2465:
2370:
2305:
2228:
2040:
1903:
1754:Lacy, Norris J. (1998).
1709:"Chaucer and the Fabliau"
1553:Medievalia et Humanistica
1484:Nicholson, Helen (1999).
1460:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301632
1020:Paris, H. Champion, 1925.
786:("The old beggar woman")
694:In "L'enfant de neige" ("
582:The standard form of the
268:originally came from the
59:French literary history
2357:Self-fulfilling prophecy
861:, Geneva: Droz, 1973, xx
768:"La crotte" ("The turd")
730:De BĂ©rangier au lonc cul
724:De BĂ©rangier au lonc cul
301:, longtime professor at
2984:Stream of consciousness
2447:Suspension of disbelief
1829:29 January 2017 at the
1423:Oxford University Press
1384:Encyclopædia Britannica
1266:Burrows, Daron (2005).
1083:Simpson 52; Huot 47–48.
800:Anglo-Norman literature
732:" is a medieval French
577:
2525:Denouement/Catastrophe
2506:Rising action/Epitasis
1742:Cite journal requires
1600:Simpson, J.R. (1996).
519:, who suggests in the
100:Literature by country
2871:Utopian and dystopian
1778:. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
1509:, Nico, eds. (1988).
1415:Huot, Sylvia (2003).
1369:Gosse, Edmund William
507:Bacon in the fabliaux
505:Further information:
193:French pronunciation:
2425:Narrative techniques
2205:Story within a story
2017:Supporting character
1793:Nykrog, Per (1973).
1547:Root, Jerry (1997).
1528:Nykrog, Per (1973).
1324:Columbian cyclopedia
994:Columbian cyclopedia
454:husbands, rapacious
3130:Political narrative
2972:Unreliable narrator
2829:Speculative fiction
2537:Nonlinear narrative
2485:Three-act structure
2345:Deal with the Devil
1721:on 3 September 2011
1189:(1985). "Fabliau".
1092:Eichmann, Raymond.
1038:Rossi and Straub 9.
805:Medieval literature
690:"L'enfant de neige"
423:Jean de La Fontaine
343:The earliest known
3108:Narrative paradigm
3103:Narrative identity
3033:Dominant narrative
2979:Multiple narrators
2263:Fictional location
2106:Dramatic structure
1660:Harvard University
1585:. Livre de Poche.
1425:. pp. 47–48.
998:, vol. 11, 420-421
891:Qtd. in Abrams 63.
784:La vieille Truande
634:Famous writers of
527:Chrétien de Troyes
470:portray peasants (
372:Giovanni Boccaccio
367:Le Roman de Renart
303:Harvard University
241:. Some 150 French
223:Giovanni Boccaccio
3170:
3169:
3113:Narrative therapy
2547:television series
2492:Freytag's Pyramid
2335:Moral development
2238:Alternate history
1948:False protagonist
1804:978-2-600-02823-3
1785:978-90-420-0429-0
1699:978-1-4039-7043-5
1613:978-90-5183-976-0
1592:978-2-253-06001-7
1566:978-0-8476-8674-2
1469:978-0-520-02602-5
1432:978-0-19-925212-1
1353:978-0-87779-042-6
1311:978-0-14-051363-9
1277:978-3-03910-072-9
1231:978-2-13-038255-3
1208:978-0-03-054982-3
630:Authors and tales
481:The audience for
347:is the anonymous
183:
182:
3195:
3093:Literary science
2636:Narrative poetry
2532:Linear narrative
2442:Stylistic device
2437:Show, don't tell
2400:Figure of speech
2190:Shaggy dog story
1933:Characterization
1890:
1883:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1808:
1789:
1767:
1756:Reading Fabliaux
1751:
1745:
1740:
1738:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1720:
1714:. Archived from
1713:
1703:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1666:on 27 March 2003
1662:. Archived from
1646:
1617:
1596:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1543:
1532:. Geneva: Droz.
1524:
1507:van den Boogaard
1505:Noomen, Willem;
1501:
1499:
1497:
1492:on 5 August 2009
1488:. Archived from
1480:
1478:
1476:
1436:
1411:
1399:
1388:
1376:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1315:
1299:
1281:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1212:
1196:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1103:
1097:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1014:
1008:
1005:
999:
997:
990:
984:
981:
975:
974:
956:
950:
947:
941:
934:
928:
925:
919:
916:
907:
901:
892:
889:
883:
880:
871:
868:
862:
855:
849:
846:
840:
833:
684:The Reeve's Tale
680:Geoffrey Chaucer
590:in general, the
387:Canterbury Tales
382:Geoffrey Chaucer
255:literary realism
238:Canterbury Tales
233:Geoffrey Chaucer
199:
197:[fabljo]
194:
175:
168:
161:
149:
29:
21:
20:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3098:Literary theory
3038:Fiction writing
3021:
2993:
2928:
2680:
2672:
2563:
2461:
2366:
2301:
2224:
2095:Deus ex machina
2036:
2022:Title character
2007:Stock character
1953:Focal character
1899:
1894:
1831:Wayback Machine
1815:
1805:
1786:
1743:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1700:
1669:
1667:
1643:
1624:
1622:Further reading
1614:
1593:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1540:
1521:
1495:
1493:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1433:
1408:
1374:"Fabliau"
1358:
1356:
1354:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1318:
1312:
1284:Cole, William.
1278:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1209:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1165:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1100:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1074:Balachov 30-32.
1073:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1016:Joseph BĂ©dier.
1015:
1011:
1006:
1002:
992:
991:
987:
982:
978:
971:
957:
953:
948:
944:
938:Merriam-Webster
935:
931:
926:
922:
917:
910:
904:Britannica 1910
902:
895:
890:
886:
881:
874:
869:
865:
856:
852:
847:
843:
834:
830:
825:
796:
746:
726:
720:
692:
659:
632:
580:
509:
503:
444:
439:
437:Characteristics
282:
192:
179:
145:
144:
135:
121:Franco-American
119:
111:
102:
82:
74:
66:
61:
30:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3201:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3162:Verisimilitude
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3067:
3065:Parallel novel
3062:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3035:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2938:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2836:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2707:Action fiction
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2591:
2586:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2534:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2508:
2503:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2471:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2275:
2270:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2185:Self-insertion
2182:
2177:
2172:
2170:Poetic justice
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2059:
2054:
2046:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1928:Character flaw
1925:
1920:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1833:
1821:
1814:
1813:External links
1811:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1790:
1784:
1769:
1759:
1752:
1744:|journal=
1704:
1698:
1683:
1676:
1652:"The Fabliaux"
1647:
1641:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1597:
1591:
1578:
1565:
1555:. New series.
1544:
1539:978-2600028233
1538:
1525:
1519:
1502:
1481:
1468:
1437:
1431:
1412:
1406:
1389:
1379:Chisholm, Hugh
1365:
1352:
1336:
1316:
1310:
1289:
1282:
1276:
1270:. Peter Lang.
1263:
1243:
1230:
1213:
1207:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1163:
1151:
1140:
1131:
1120:
1109:
1098:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1009:
1000:
985:
976:
969:
951:
942:
929:
920:
908:
906:, p. 116.
893:
884:
872:
863:
850:
841:
827:
826:
824:
821:
820:
819:
812:
807:
802:
795:
792:
791:
790:
787:
776:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
748:Other popular
745:
744:Other examples
742:
722:Main article:
719:
716:
691:
688:
658:
655:
644:Gautier le Leu
631:
628:
579:
576:
502:
501:Subject matter
499:
458:, and foolish
443:
440:
438:
435:
281:
278:
181:
180:
178:
177:
170:
163:
155:
152:
151:
129:
128:
125:
124:
96:
95:
92:
91:
55:
54:
51:
50:
48:Lit categories
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3200:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:Screenwriting
3145:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:Second-person
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2856:Magic realism
2854:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2787:Psychological
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:Philosophical
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2692:Autobiography
2690:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Narrative art
2629:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:Flash fiction
2587:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2480:Act structure
2478:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2297:Worldbuilding
2295:
2293:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2144:KishĹŤtenketsu
2141:
2139:
2138:
2137:In medias res
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2116:Foreshadowing
2114:
2112:
2111:Eucatastrophe
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2074:Chekhov's gun
2072:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1963:Gothic double
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:Deuteragonist
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1923:Character arc
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1736:
1717:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1642:9780871406927
1638:
1634:
1633:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1568:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1520:90-232-1975-9
1516:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1471:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1413:
1409:
1407:0-8371-7414-7
1403:
1398:
1397:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1355:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1249:
1244:
1233:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1194:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1144:
1135:
1129:
1124:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1035:
1029:Nykrog (1973)
1026:
1019:
1013:
1004:
995:
989:
980:
972:
970:0-8087-0260-2
966:
962:
955:
946:
939:
933:
927:Matthews 424.
924:
918:Lewis 241-42.
915:
913:
905:
900:
898:
888:
879:
877:
867:
860:
857:Nykrog, Per,
854:
845:
838:
835:Bloch (1986)
832:
828:
818:
817:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
797:
788:
785:
781:
777:
774:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
754:
753:
751:
741:
739:
735:
731:
725:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:The snow baby
687:
685:
681:
677:
676:
671:
666:
664:
654:
651:
649:
645:
641:
637:
627:
625:
621:
617:
616:
611:
607:
603:
599:
596:
593:
589:
585:
575:
573:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
548:
544:
540:
539:
535:(4676–4684).
534:
533:
528:
524:
523:
518:
514:
508:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:
383:
379:
378:
373:
369:
368:
362:
360:
356:
352:
351:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
277:
275:
271:
267:
264:, argue that
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
224:
220:
217:
213:
210:in northeast
209:
205:
204:
198:
190:
189:
176:
171:
169:
164:
162:
157:
156:
154:
153:
150:
148:
143:
139:
134:
131:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
60:
57:
56:
53:
52:
49:
45:
42:
41:
38:
37:
33:
28:
23:
22:
19:
3152:Storytelling
2967:Subjectivity
2957:Third-person
2947:First-person
2582:
2581:
2390:Comic relief
2142:
2135:
2126:Flashforward
2093:
2067:Origin story
2049:
2012:Straight man
1967:
1835:
1794:
1774:
1763:
1755:
1735:cite journal
1723:. Retrieved
1716:the original
1692:. Palgrave.
1688:
1679:
1668:. Retrieved
1664:the original
1655:
1632:The Fabliaux
1631:
1602:
1582:
1570:. Retrieved
1556:
1552:
1530:Les fabliaux
1529:
1510:
1494:. Retrieved
1490:the original
1473:. Retrieved
1451:
1445:
1417:
1395:
1382:
1357:. Retrieved
1343:
1328:. Retrieved
1323:
1295:
1285:
1267:
1255:. Retrieved
1235:. Retrieved
1221:
1192:
1187:M. H. Abrams
1180:Bibliography
1166:
1154:
1143:
1134:
1123:
1112:
1101:
1093:
1088:
1079:
1070:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1017:
1012:
1003:
993:
988:
983:Balachov 30.
979:
960:
954:
949:Hellman 142.
945:
937:
932:
923:
887:
866:
859:Les Fabliaux
858:
853:
844:
837:Introduction
836:
831:
814:
783:
779:
749:
747:
737:
733:
727:
700:black comedy
693:
673:
667:
662:
660:
652:
635:
633:
623:
619:
613:
609:
592:octosyllable
583:
581:
571:
569:
564:
552:
551:
542:
536:
530:
522:Ars Amatoria
520:
512:
510:
494:
490:
486:
482:
480:
471:
463:
447:
445:
430:
410:
408:
403:
399:
395:
391:
385:
375:
365:
363:
354:
348:
344:
342:
337:
332:than to the
325:
321:
316:as found in
309:
307:
299:Douglas Bush
290:
285:
283:
265:
262:Gaston Paris
259:
250:
246:
242:
236:
226:
216:scatological
202:
201:
187:
186:
184:
136:
132:
113:Postcolonial
103:
99:
88:Contemporary
84:20th century
80:19th century
76:18th century
72:17th century
68:16th century
62:
58:
26:
24:
18:
3157:Tellability
3123:Metafiction
3118:Narratology
2890:Theological
2782:Pop culture
2663:Short story
2641:Epic poetry
2362:Time travel
2175:Red herring
2160:Plot device
2131:Frame story
2084:Cliffhanger
2027:Tritagonist
2002:Protagonist
1725:26 February
1670:26 February
1572:26 February
1400:. Crowell.
1056:Burgess 59.
870:Cuddon 301.
586:is that of
561:catachresis
557:paranomasia
295:short story
257:in Europe.
3177:Categories
3043:Continuity
2912:Nonfiction
2876:Underwater
2772:Picaresque
2747:Historical
2732:Epistolary
2604:Fairy tale
2515:Peripeteia
2497:Exposition
2253:Dreamworld
2195:Stereotype
2165:Plot twist
1913:Antagonist
1454:: 413–45.
1421:. Oxford:
1138:Nicholson.
882:Abrams 63.
823:References
640:Jean Bodel
602:chronicles
377:Decamerone
142:Literature
36:Literature
2934:Narration
2883:Superhero
2807:Chivalric
2792:Religious
2777:Political
2712:Adventure
2697:Biography
2619:Tall tale
2467:Structure
2452:Symbolism
2420:Narration
2320:Leitmotif
2248:Crossover
2243:Backstory
2200:Story arc
2150:MacGuffin
2121:Flashback
2062:Backstory
1938:Confidant
1918:Archenemy
1905:Character
1897:Narrative
1340:"Fabliau"
1320:"Fabliau"
752:include:
675:Decameron
670:Boccaccio
642:, Garin,
452:cuckolded
409:When the
274:crusaders
228:Decameron
219:obscenity
208:jongleurs
200:; plural
3183:Fabliaux
3140:Glossary
3135:Rhetoric
2942:Diegesis
2922:Creative
2895:Thriller
2844:Southern
2762:Paranoid
2757:Nautical
2668:Vignette
2626:Gamebook
2594:Folklore
2501:Protasis
2380:Allegory
2325:Metaphor
2283:parallel
2278:universe
2258:Dystopia
2215:Suspense
2101:Dialogue
2089:Conflict
1997:Narrator
1969:Hamartia
1827:Archived
1496:23 March
1475:23 March
1371:(1910).
1359:23 March
1330:22 March
1257:22 March
1237:22 March
1047:Root 19.
794:See also
750:fabliaux
648:Rutebeuf
638:include
636:fabliaux
606:romances
572:fabliaux
565:fabliaux
553:Fabliaux
543:fabliaux
513:fabliaux
495:fabliaux
491:fabliaux
487:fabliaux
483:fabliaux
468:nobility
460:peasants
448:fabliaux
446:Typical
427:Voltaire
392:fabliaux
359:Rutebeuf
355:fabliaux
338:fabliaux
322:didactic
266:fabliaux
251:fabliaux
243:fabliaux
235:for his
225:for the
203:fabliaux
133:Portals
64:Medieval
32:Language
3070:Prequel
3026:Related
3012:Present
2905:Western
2861:Science
2834:Fantasy
2802:Romance
2752:Mystery
2737:Ergodic
2702:Fiction
2658:Parable
2653:Novella
2583:Fabliau
2554:Premise
2405:Imagery
2395:Diction
2273:country
2230:Setting
2210:Subplot
2032:Villain
1985:Byronic
1381:(ed.).
738:fabliau
734:fabliau
708:slavery
678:and in
663:villain
624:Trubert
598:couplet
584:fabliau
547:Lecheor
472:vilains
464:fabliau
431:fabliau
419:Molière
411:fabliau
404:fabliau
400:fabliau
396:fabliau
350:Richeut
345:fabliau
334:parable
310:fabliau
291:Fabliau
286:fabliau
247:fabliau
231:and by
188:fabliau
44:Authors
3074:Sequel
3058:Retcon
3053:Reboot
3017:Future
2851:Horror
2839:Gothic
2824:Satire
2742:Erotic
2609:Legend
2511:Climax
2385:Bathos
2292:Utopia
2180:Reveal
2079:Cliché
2057:Action
2051:Ab ovo
1990:Tragic
1858:, and
1801:
1782:
1696:
1639:
1610:
1589:
1563:
1536:
1517:
1466:
1447:Viator
1429:
1404:
1350:
1308:
1274:
1228:
1205:
967:
780:Dit de
698:"), a
618:, and
610:romans
595:rhymed
476:French
456:clergy
425:, and
270:Orient
212:France
138:France
109:Quebec
105:France
27:French
3081:Genre
3048:Canon
2999:Tense
2917:Novel
2900:Urban
2812:Prose
2797:Rogue
2722:Crime
2717:Comic
2678:Genre
2648:Novel
2599:Fable
2577:Drama
2542:films
2372:Style
2340:Motif
2330:Moral
2315:Irony
2307:Theme
2220:Trope
1719:(PDF)
1712:(PDF)
1377:. In
1251:(PDF)
712:Italy
704:Genoa
608:(the
415:prose
330:novel
326:fable
318:Aesop
314:fable
117:Haiti
3086:List
3007:Past
2866:Hard
2819:Saga
2727:Docu
2683:List
2614:Myth
2569:Form
2457:Tone
2430:Hook
2415:Mood
2410:Mode
2268:city
2155:Pace
2042:Plot
1980:Anti
1975:Hero
1958:Foil
1799:ISBN
1780:ISBN
1748:help
1727:2009
1694:ISBN
1672:2009
1637:ISBN
1608:ISBN
1587:ISBN
1574:2009
1561:ISBN
1534:ISBN
1515:ISBN
1498:2010
1477:2010
1464:ISBN
1427:ISBN
1402:ISBN
1361:2010
1348:ISBN
1332:2010
1306:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1259:2010
1239:2010
1226:ISBN
1203:ISBN
1161:p.73
965:ISBN
940:399.
682:'s "
620:dits
615:lais
578:Form
559:and
541:and
538:Lais
517:Ovid
380:and
308:The
284:The
34:and
2475:Act
1456:doi
1302:301
686:".
672:'s
612:),
549:".
474:in
384:'s
374:'s
357:is
3179::
3072:/
1854:,
1850:,
1846:,
1842:,
1739::
1737:}}
1733:{{
1658:.
1654:.
1635:.
1557:24
1551:.
1462:.
1450:.
1444:.
1342:.
1322:.
1304:.
1201:.
1199:63
911:^
896:^
875:^
782:)
646:,
604:,
574:.
567:.
433:.
421:,
297:;
276:.
185:A
140:•
115:•
107:•
86:•
78:•
70:•
46:•
2685:)
2681:(
2513:/
2499:/
1889:e
1882:t
1875:v
1862:.
1860:6
1856:5
1852:4
1848:3
1844:2
1840:1
1807:.
1788:.
1750:)
1746:(
1729:.
1702:.
1674:.
1645:.
1616:.
1595:.
1576:.
1542:.
1523:.
1500:.
1479:.
1458::
1452:5
1435:.
1410:.
1363:.
1334:.
1314:.
1280:.
1261:.
1241:.
1211:.
973:.
778:(
771:"
728:"
191:(
174:e
167:t
160:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.