1090:. Pitches thrown by a pitcher with the opposite dominant hand of the batter will break towards the batter, rather than away from him, making them easier to see, track, and hit. As a result, a fantasy owner may prioritize the batters on his or her roster who are facing pitchers with opposing dominant hands. The owner may also prioritize pitchers on the roster who will be facing many batters with the same dominant hands.
673:. Each team is allowed a set number of players on its roster, as well as a specified number of starters at each position that can be used in a head-to-head matchup. Owners may determine which players will start and which will be "benched" on a weekly or even daily basis. Only players who are designated as starters will have their statistics count towards the team owner's totals in the weekly matchup.
146:, which was first released in 1951 and also contained cards of MLB players with in-game outcomes correlated to their stats from past seasons. Participants could compose fantasy teams from the cards and play against each other or attempt to re-create previous seasons using the statistics on the cards. Individual player cards and dice roll simulations were also emulated in the
235:
statistics for seasons whose outcomes were already known to simulate in-game outcomes, team owners would have to make predictions about the statistics that MLB players would accumulate during the upcoming season. The success or failure of a particular fantasy team would therefore depend on the real-life performance of its players rather than the results of a simulation.
1626:
605:, teams may place claims on free agents until a predetermined deadline, at which time the team with the lowest position in the standings with a claim on a player gains that player. Teams with lower positions in the standings are therefore said to have higher waiver priority. After acquiring a player, a team is moved to the bottom of the priority list.
209:. A user would select a team from a limited roster of retired players to play against a team randomly chosen by the computer. The computer would then use random number generation and player statistics to simulate a game's outcome and print a play-by-play description of it. The game was coded for a computer with only 20
340:, now the other major daily fantasy firm, was founded in 2012. In April 2013, MLB invested an undisclosed amount in DraftKings, making it the first professional sports organization in the United States to invest in daily fantasy sports. In 2015, DraftKings became the official daily fantasy game of MLB, a move that
684:
The precise positions included in online rosters vary widely, along with the number of players allowed at each position and on each team's bench. For example, ESPN's default roster includes one middle infielder, one corner infielder, and one utility player. A default Yahoo roster includes two utility
645:
draft, each owner has an imaginary budget which must be used to purchase players in an auction format. Owners take turns nominating players for open bid, and the owner who bids the highest on each player receives that player, reducing his or her remaining budget accordingly. One proposed advantage of
633:
in which each team drafts MLB players. These players are kept on the roster of the team that drafted them unless they are traded for other players or are dropped, whereby they enter a pool of unowned players that any team may claim. The order of draft picks may be determined randomly or by the league
550:
playoffs over three or four weeks towards the end of the MLB regular season. The number of teams that make the playoffs and the existence of a consolation bracket for teams that miss out may vary based on the website used and the customized settings employed by a particular league. For example, Yahoo
359:
A fantasy baseball league may be organized in a variety of ways. The original rotisserie leagues, as well as their modern counterparts, rank each team in a number of statistical categories at the end of the season. Points are then awarded based on these rankings. For example, in an eight-team league,
312:
The growth of the
Internet during the 1990s brought a "broad demographic shift in fantasy sports participation" because it enabled fantasy sports participants to instantaneously download tabulated statistics, rather than having to search for box scores of individual games in newspapers and keep track
1019:
Some leagues limit teams to a certain number of free agent transactions or trades per season or per week. Such limitations are commonly used to prevent team owners from artificially inflating their statistics or otherwise achieving an unfair advantage by using an excessive number of players during a
649:
Drafts can be conducted in "live" or "auto" formats. Live drafts involve team owners selecting players in real time, while auto drafts are those in which selections are made automatically by computer based on pre-draft rankings set by each owner. Often, owners who are not present at the chosen time
563:
allow teams to keep a set number of players on their roster from one year to the next and sometimes even assign them contracts for a certain number of years. In the first season of a keeper league, the draft is performed in the same way as any other standard league draft, however, in all subsequent
519:
Also called head-to-head most categories, this format assigns wins, losses, and ties based on which team performs better in the most categories. For example, in a 5x5 league, if Team A performs better in six categories, Team A receives the sole win for that week's matchup, while Team B receives the
676:
Just like in real baseball, players who are usually benched can become starters for various reasons: due to a starting player's injury, poor performance, or if the starter's team is not playing on a particular day. Whether to sit or start a player is also based on strategic considerations, such as
234:
is credited with introducing the rotisserie league concept to the group and inventing the scoring system. Players in the
Rotisserie League drafted teams of active MLB players and tracked their statistics during the season to compile their scores. Like the Baseball Seminar league, rather than using
1032:, an estimated 62.5 million people played fantasy sports in the US and Canada in 2022. The FSGA estimated that 19% of American adults played fantasy sports in 2023, compared to 13% in 2014. Around 22% of fantasy players play fantasy baseball, making it the third most popular fantasy sport behind
656:
Regardless of the format in which a draft is held, each team owner may employ a variety of strategies when making his or her selections. In order to select the best possible players, owners must evaluate the talent and forecast the performance of each player for the upcoming season. A variety of
512:
Also called head-to-head each category, this format assigns wins, losses, and ties based on each team's performance in individual categories. For example, in a 5x5 league, if Team A performs better in six categories, Team A receives six wins and four losses for that week's matchup, while Team B
317:
launched its first entirely
Internet-based fantasy baseball game, with other major sports and entertainment companies following suit in the ensuing years. In the early 1990s, estimates of total fantasy sports participation in the United States and Canada ranged from 1 to 3 million; by 2003, the
1020:
matchup. Another common limitation on roster moves is the adoption of a list of "undroppable" players, generally those selected in the first few rounds of the draft or those who are generally deemed too valuable to be allowed to freely change teams without being exchanged for other players.
229:
Modern fantasy baseball was developed and popularized in the 1980s by a group of journalists who created
Rotisserie League Baseball in 1980. The league was named after the New York City restaurant La Rotisserie Française, where its founders met for lunch and first played the game. Magazine
638:" or "snake" draft, owners draft players in a "snake" method, in which the owner who picks first in the odd rounds picks last in the even rounds, the owner who picks second in the odd rounds picks second to last in the even rounds, etc. in the interest of fairness.
242:, proved to be popular despite the difficulties of compiling statistics by hand, which was an early drawback to participation. The traditional statistics used in early rotisserie leagues were often chosen because they were easy to compile from newspaper
612:
format, each team has a predetermined budget that may be used to bid on available free agents. If a team uses its entire budget, it will be unable to acquire new free agents until the league budgets are reset, which may occur on a weekly or even daily
493:, while innings pitched is added as the sixth pitching stat, among other changes. The rotisserie format can theoretically be expanded to encompass any number of statistics, though online support for such expansive leagues is limited (for example,
634:
standings from the previous year, in which the team with the worst record picks first, followed by the team with the second-worst record, etc. In some cases, owners retain the same draft position in each round. In contrast, in a traditional "
688:
The following table lists the default roster settings for head-to-head leagues managed by ESPN, Yahoo, and CBS Sports, as well as in DraftKings' MLB Classic weekly competitions. A note next to a position's name indicates its definition.
1011:
The injured reserve is used to store players with real-life injuries who are unable to compete for an extended period of time. Fantasy leagues usually only allow players to be placed on injured reserve if they have been placed on the
468:
These statistics have become the standard for modern rotisserie leagues. A league using these statistics is known as a "4Ă—4" league because it uses four hitting stats and four pitching stats. Some leagues use a "5Ă—5" format, with
266:, saying "the writers who were covering baseball had nothing to write about, so they began writing about the teams they had assembled in their own leagues. And that was what popularized it and spread it around very, very widely."
86:
games by propelling a coin into slots on a wooden board. Later games featured outcomes determined by dice rolls or spinners, and some were endorsed by professional ballplayers. In 1930, Clifford Van Beek designed the board game
1040:. A 2023 FSGA survey found that 64% of fantasy sports players were male, 48% were between the ages of 18 and 34, and 84% had a college degree or higher. A 2015 analysis found that 89.8% were white and 51.5% were unmarried.
324:
are accelerated versions of the traditional fantasy format in which contests are conducted over shorter periods than a full season, often lasting one week or even a single day. The first major daily fantasy sports company,
2315:
278:). Between 1985 and 1996, the Grandstand continued to improve on the game and the technology by being the first to offer automated drafting, real-time scoring, real-time trading and transactions, and continuous leagues.
685:
players, neither of which is designated as a middle or a corner infielder. DraftKings, which operates a variety of daily and weekly games, does not have utility slots on its rosters for some games, but does for others.
681:. If a league does not have head-to-head matchups, then there may be no distinction between starters and bench players, as a team's end-of-season results are derived from the cumulative statistics of the entire roster.
646:
auction drafts is their ability to offer every owner equal access to every player, whereas in a traditional format, a certain owner's desired player may be selected by another team before the owner's next turn to pick.
66:
played his own form of fantasy baseball, in which he created completely fictitious teams, players, and statistics. Kerouac's fantasy baseball records included charts, sketches, and notes on each of his created teams.
368:. Another common format is head-to-head competition, in which each team only competes against one other team in a given week. At the end of the week, the winner of each matchup may be determined in a variety of ways
1734:
360:
the team that collectively hits the most home runs might earn eight points, the team that hits the second most might earn seven, and so on. The number of statistics for which the teams are ranked may vary
1846:
526:
In this format, each category is assigned a certain number of points, and the team that performs better in each category receives the points. The team with the most points receives the sole win for the
564:
years, the draft only involves players not selected to be kept on their team. Keeper leagues may allow each team to retain as few as one player or as many as every player on the roster except one.
187:
totals. Gamson would continue to play the game as a professor at the
University of Michigan, where another competitor was Bob Sklar. One of Sklar's students was Daniel Okrent. According to
653:
Whether live or auto, the vast majority of fantasy drafts take place online, but some leagues hold in-person drafts in which selections are made on computers or physical draft boards.
281:
The first national newspaper fantasy baseball competition was Dugout Derby. The weekly game was launched in 1990 in a number of newspapers throughout the United States, including the
258:
in 2008 that "most of us in the league were in the media, and we got a lot of press coverage that first season. The second season, there were rotisserie leagues in every Major League
171:
developed the
Baseball Seminar league, in which participants would draft rosters of active MLB players and compare results at the end of the season based on the players' final
477:
added as hitting and pitching stats, respectively. Others are "6Ă—6", which can involve adding new statistics or replacing ones in the original 4x4 or 5x5 format. For example,
305:. Players chose their teams by calling a toll-free phone number and entering four-digit codes for each of their selections. Dugout Derby served as an early version of today's
2132:
571:, each team keeps all players on its roster from one year to the next. Rosters are replenished with drafts of rookies and players who were not on a team the previous year.
593:, players who are not currently on any team, to their roster if the roster is not already full. There are a few possibilities by which teams may acquire these players:
1759:
1173:
2104:
1901:
1077:
In a head-to-head points league, the team with the most points may also be declared the victor. This variation is known as a season points league.
2417:
1431:
2078:
2158:
274:
In 1985, the
Grandstand Sports Services launched the first nationally available rotisserie baseball leagues online through Q-Link (later
262:." According to Okrent, rotisserie baseball afforded sportswriters the opportunity to write about baseball-related material during the
1369:
2239:
46:
of baseball players in real-world competition. The game typically involves MLB, but can also involve other leagues, such as
American
1227:
2465:
1820:
1336:
1707:
2644:
2010:
1603:
1029:
577:
assign each eligible MLB player a salary before each season. The combined salary of each roster may not exceed a predetermined
348:
1682:
1268:
2509:
1581:
1111:
252:. Okrent credits the idea's rapid spread to the fact that the initial league was created by sports journalists, telling
2649:
457:
2265:
376:. In addition to scoring variations, league organization may also differ based on the structure of each team's roster
2340:
263:
135:. Players with better statistics in the previous season were more likely to receive favorable outcomes; this allowed
2391:
2567:
2049:
154:, who would later be credited with developing modern fantasy baseball, was an avid Strat-O-Matic player, telling
1929:
2514:
2213:
184:
995:
Players who are not starting and whose statistics will not count towards weekly totals. Can play any position.
139:
to become one of the first games to attempt to accurately simulate the performances of real-life MLB players.
657:
resources may be used to this effect, from rankings released by fantasy baseball journalists and websites to
547:
347:
As of 2022, an estimated 62.5 million people played fantasy sports in the United States and Canada, per the
2458:
1786:
1405:
2519:
1033:
602:
397:
172:
2425:
2716:
1344:
2721:
2451:
1307:
2186:
1627:"A Short Treatise on Fantasy Sports and the Law: How America Regulates its New National Pastime"
535:
system. At the end of the season, the team with the best win–loss record may win the league, or
344:
called "the most comprehensive league partnership in daily fantasy sports history" at the time.
1284:
532:
254:
1876:
1147:
520:
loss. If each team performs better in the same number of categories, then each receives a tie.
99:
players. After rolling a pair of dice, participants would consult the card of the MLB player "
2628:
295:
39:
1955:
1708:"Two local companies, StarStreet and DraftKings, prepare to launch new fantasy sports sites"
2562:
482:
321:
306:
160:
in 2011 that "if there hadn't been Strat-O-Matic, I still think I would have come up with
8:
2488:
1791:
1197:
650:
of the draft will "auto-draft" while the rest of the league makes their selections live.
490:
43:
42:
players are available. Fantasy points are awarded in weekly matchups based on the actual
1984:
677:
the player's past and expected performance and the team he is playing, specifically its
2498:
1260:
1202:
1178:
1116:
1037:
670:
486:
442:
176:
156:
2546:
1264:
635:
330:
289:
221:, a KDKA (Pittsburgh) radio personality, produced a radio show based on the program.
168:
112:
108:
104:
2539:
678:
283:
132:
47:
75:
The history of fantasy baseball games can be traced back to the 19th century. The
2608:
1436:
436:
301:
214:
128:
27:
2187:"Meet A Bostonian Who's Made $ 3 Million This Year Playing Daily Fantasy Sports"
1582:"Gambling in a Fantasy World: An Exploratory Study of Rotisserie Baseball Games"
2690:
2531:
630:
470:
430:
401:
275:
210:
180:
35:
1522:
1493:
1464:
620:
format allows any team to add any free agent at any time with no restrictions.
309:
by rewarding each week's highest-scoring participants with vacation packages.
2710:
2675:
2665:
2588:
2474:
1760:"DraftKings Becomes the Official Daily Fantasy Game of Major League Baseball"
1659:
1551:
1087:
461:
418:
341:
231:
202:
151:
147:
92:
76:
23:
2366:
1735:"Daily fantasy sports Web sites find riches in Internet gaming law loophole"
2695:
2685:
2618:
2572:
2526:
1370:"Explaining the History of Rotisserie Baseball to Fantasy Football Players"
1013:
351:, and around one out of five fantasy participants played fantasy baseball.
218:
188:
63:
669:
A fantasy baseball roster is conventionally composed of players from each
2680:
2290:
2109:
2015:
424:
2240:"Pitchers vs Batters: Left-Handed & Right-Handed Hitting Approaches"
1086:
Batters perform statistically better against pitchers with the opposite
2670:
2613:
2593:
590:
578:
494:
446:
392:
The original
Rotisserie League Baseball used the following statistics:
337:
83:
51:
1288:
1174:"APBA Is the Name, Baseball Is the Game, and Obsession Is the Result"
658:
474:
259:
248:
243:
120:
551:
allows leagues to have four, six, or eight teams make the playoffs.
485:
has proposed a 6x6 league in which batting average is replaced with
2623:
2367:"Managing innings and transaction restrictions in fantasy baseball"
536:
412:
198:
116:
31:
1068:
WHIP was invented by Daniel Okrent for use in his original league.
197:
In 1961, another early form of fantasy baseball was coded for the
34:
teams. The competitors select their rosters by participating in a
2603:
2443:
2191:
1552:"Manage Your Way to the Hall of Fame in the Dugout Derby Contest"
1523:"Manage Your Way to the Hall of Fame in the Dugout Derby Contest"
1494:"Manage Your Way to the Hall of Fame in the Dugout Derby Contest"
1465:"Manage Your Way to the Hall of Fame in the Dugout Derby Contest"
1257:
The
Numbers Game: Baseball's Lifelong Fascination with Statistics
642:
326:
192:
The Numbers Game: Baseball’s Lifelong Fascination with Statistics
2163:
450:
405:
333:
124:
100:
1956:"8 Keys to Building an Awesome Fantasy Baseball Keeper League"
1337:"Fantasy sports leagues put armchair quarterbacks in the game"
1198:"Strat-O-Matic more than a game for its founder and devotees"
543:
1604:"First Market Study Finds Fantasy Sports a Booming Business"
505:
There are three major configurations for head-to-head play:
2598:
1432:"Software Helps Handle Hassles of Running a Fantasy League"
478:
314:
143:
1902:"Regular Season and Playoffs Schedule in Standard Leagues"
1877:"2021 CBSSports.com Free Fantasy Baseball Challenge Rules"
2079:"Strategies and tips for fantasy baseball auction drafts"
1683:"FanDuel turns fantasy sports betting into a social game"
1283:
A paper on this is available on Knowledge under the name
531:
In all three configurations, opponents are dictated by a
206:
96:
1004:
Players with long-term injuries. Can play any position.
194:, Sklar told Okrent about the Baseball Seminar league.
217:
and was entirely self-contained. In the fall of 1961,
2050:"Fantasy 101: A Beginner's Guide to Fantasy Baseball"
464:
allowed by pitchers divided by total innings pitched)
2418:"Fantasy Sports Statistics: Facts About The Players"
629:
Before each season, fantasy baseball leagues hold a
103:" to determine an outcome, which could range from a
2105:"The Fundamentals of a Live Fantasy Football Draft"
1985:"Fantasy Baseball Advice: Determining Keeper Value"
661:created by professional daily fantasy competitors.
329:, was founded in 2009 as a spin-off of a Scottish
1930:"About Head-to-Head playoffs in Fantasy Baseball"
1308:"Q&A: Fantasy Baseball Creator Daniel Okrent"
2708:
1924:
1922:
1714:. Boston Globe Media Partners. February 27, 2012
1821:"How to pick the right fantasy baseball format"
1606:. University of Mississippi. September 16, 2003
539:may be held among the top teams in the league.
161:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1030:Fantasy Sports & Gaming Association (FSGA)
82:, introduced in 1866, allowed participants to
26:in which the participants serve as owners and
2459:
2291:"Default league settings in Fantasy Baseball"
2072:
2070:
1919:
1814:
1812:
318:number of players had grown to 15.2 million.
224:
50:, or leagues in other countries, such as the
1579:
1254:
371:
313:of cumulative statistics on paper. In 1995,
16:Virtual game to draft MLB players into teams
2264:Cockcroft, Tristan H. (February 16, 2021).
2131:Cockcroft, Tristan H. (February 20, 2015).
2077:Cockcroft, Tristan H. (February 16, 2021).
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1845:Cockcroft, Tristan H. (February 12, 2013).
1819:Cockcroft, Tristan H. (February 16, 2021).
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1459:
1457:
1387:
1059:Lower values for this statistic are better.
585:After teams have set their rosters via the
363:
2466:
2452:
2159:"Fantasy Baseball: Of Love And Algorithms"
2067:
1809:
1228:"The Lost Founder of Baseball Video Games"
500:
2263:
2130:
2076:
1844:
1818:
1662:. Fantasy Sports & Gaming Association
1631:Journal of Sports & Entertainment Law
1586:UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal
1363:
1361:
1250:
1248:
542:Major fantasy websites, such as ESPN and
458:walks plus hits per inning pitched (WHIP)
387:
2184:
2047:
2030:
1978:
1976:
1953:
1864:
1641:
1454:
1191:
1189:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1055:
1053:
980:
150:game, which was first released in 1961.
2645:Fantasy Sports & Gaming Association
2156:
2048:Messineo, Anthony (February 23, 2019).
1784:
1732:
1624:
1301:
1299:
1297:
601:format, which is also commonly used in
349:Fantasy Sports & Gaming Association
2709:
2415:
2157:Hickins, Michael (September 2, 2015).
1367:
1358:
1330:
1328:
1245:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1195:
379:
269:
2447:
1982:
1973:
1429:
1305:
1186:
1132:
1050:
968:Can be a second baseman or shortstop.
449:allowed by pitchers divided by total
2416:Kaylor, Jimmie (September 7, 2015).
2185:Nickisch, Curt (November 23, 2015).
1430:Lynch, Dennis (September 17, 1998).
1368:Briggs, Graham (February 15, 2015).
1334:
1294:
1225:
1171:
610:Free Agent Acquisition Budget (FAAB)
554:
142:A notable example of such games was
70:
2102:
1680:
1325:
1289:http://www.burgy.50megs.com/bbc.htm
1210:
959:Can be starting or relief pitchers.
246:or weekly information published in
13:
2650:Fantasy Sports Writers Association
2473:
2364:
2237:
1954:Anderson, Doug (January 1, 2021).
1580:Bernhard, Bo; Eade, Vince (2005).
1306:Kelly, Jonathan (March 21, 2008).
1145:
513:receives four wins and six losses.
497:only offers 4x4 and 5x5 leagues).
14:
2733:
1785:Di Fino, Nando (August 3, 2009).
1335:Behe, Regis (December 14, 2002).
1196:Lemire, Joe (February 10, 2011).
264:1981 Major League Baseball strike
164:, but unquestionably it helped."
2133:"Inside the projections process"
2008:
1983:Kurtz, George (March 13, 2019).
1733:Kilgore, Adam (March 27, 2015).
1172:Lidz, Franz (December 8, 1980).
977:Can be a first or third baseman.
2409:
2384:
2358:
2333:
2308:
2283:
2257:
2231:
2206:
2178:
2150:
2124:
2096:
2002:
1947:
1894:
1838:
1778:
1752:
1726:
1700:
1674:
1618:
1596:
1573:
1544:
1515:
1486:
1423:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1023:
998:
989:
971:
962:
953:
664:
618:First Come, First Served (FCFS)
354:
238:Rotisserie baseball, nicknamed
2266:"How to play fantasy baseball"
2011:"How to Play Fantasy Baseball"
1625:Edelman, Marc (January 2012).
1277:
1165:
1104:
1:
2341:"Using the Injured List (IL)"
1226:Kalb, Bess (April 16, 2012).
1097:
91:, which contained customized
1787:"The Secret History of WHIP"
62:Throughout his life, author
7:
40:Major League Baseball (MLB)
10:
2738:
2392:"Undroppable Players List"
1847:"Categorical improvements"
1374:socalledfantasyexperts.com
586:
460:(total number of hits and
225:Rotisserie League Baseball
57:
2658:
2637:
2581:
2555:
2481:
2244:appliedvisionbaseball.com
1345:Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
706:
703:
700:
697:
491:slugging percentage (SLG)
1287:and also at the website
1043:
624:
510:Head-to-Head Rotisserie:
487:on-base percentage (OBP)
443:earned run average (ERA)
80:Sebring Parlor Base Ball
2568:Sports stock simulation
1805:(subscription required)
1660:"Industry Demographics"
1569:(subscription required)
1540:(subscription required)
1511:(subscription required)
1482:(subscription required)
1450:(subscription required)
501:Head-to-head variations
372:Head-to-head variations
1285:File:1620 baseball.pdf
986:Can play any position.
388:Competition variations
364:Competition variations
38:in which all relevant
2629:Yahoo! Fantasy Sports
2316:"Rules & Scoring"
2214:"Setting Your Lineup"
1637:. Harvard Law School.
1527:Philadelphia Inquirer
1255:Alan Schwarz (2004).
517:Head-to-Head One Win:
296:Philadelphia Inquirer
167:In 1960, sociologist
1148:"Start of a Fantasy"
524:Head-to-Head Points:
483:Tristan H. Cockcroft
322:Daily fantasy sports
307:daily fantasy sports
2582:Prominent companies
1792:Wall Street Journal
1739:The Washington Post
1016:by their MLB team.
270:Continued expansion
205:, then working for
177:earned run averages
2638:Trade associations
1261:Thomas Dunne Books
1203:Sports Illustrated
1179:Sports Illustrated
1117:The New York Times
1038:fantasy basketball
865:Corner Infielders
848:Middle Infielders
729:Starting Pitchers
575:Salary cap leagues
548:single-elimination
157:Sports Illustrated
2704:
2703:
2422:sportscasting.com
1764:The Business Wire
1498:Los Angeles Times
1406:"Scoring Formats"
1270:978-0-312-32222-9
1028:According to the
949:
948:
589:, owners may add
555:Roster variations
404:divided by total
380:Roster variations
331:prediction market
290:Los Angeles Times
169:William A. Gamson
71:Early simulations
2729:
2717:Baseball culture
2468:
2461:
2454:
2445:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2428:on March 7, 2021
2424:. Archived from
2413:
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2074:
2065:
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2045:
2028:
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2006:
2000:
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1997:
1995:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1951:
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1940:
1926:
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1914:
1912:
1898:
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1836:
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1816:
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1776:
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1756:
1750:
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1730:
1724:
1723:
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1719:
1704:
1698:
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1678:
1672:
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1669:
1667:
1656:
1639:
1638:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1558:. April 23, 1990
1548:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1500:. April 23, 1990
1490:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1471:. April 29, 1990
1469:Hartford Courant
1461:
1452:
1451:
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1444:
1427:
1421:
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1385:
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1303:
1292:
1281:
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1252:
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1240:
1238:
1223:
1208:
1207:
1193:
1184:
1183:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1152:baseballhall.org
1143:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1112:"Kerouac at Bat"
1108:
1091:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1034:fantasy football
1005:
1002:
996:
993:
987:
984:
978:
975:
969:
966:
960:
957:
933:Injured Reserve
899:Utility Players
746:Relief Pitchers
692:
691:
679:starting pitcher
603:fantasy football
284:Hartford Courant
173:batting averages
137:National Pastime
89:National Pastime
48:college baseball
28:general managers
20:Fantasy baseball
2737:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2654:
2633:
2609:FantasyGuru.com
2577:
2551:
2477:
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2442:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
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2385:
2375:
2373:
2365:Wilson, Jason.
2363:
2359:
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2339:
2338:
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2314:
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2207:
2197:
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2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2129:
2125:
2115:
2113:
2103:Abshier, Adam.
2101:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2075:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2054:pitcherlist.com
2046:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1989:fantasydata.com
1981:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1885:
1883:
1875:
1874:
1865:
1855:
1853:
1843:
1839:
1829:
1827:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1797:
1795:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1766:. April 2, 2015
1758:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1715:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1681:Butcher, Mike.
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1642:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1561:
1559:
1556:Tampa Bay Times
1550:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1532:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1474:
1472:
1463:
1462:
1455:
1449:
1442:
1440:
1437:Chicago Tribune
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1403:
1388:
1378:
1376:
1366:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1333:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1304:
1295:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1263:. p. 175.
1253:
1246:
1236:
1234:
1224:
1211:
1194:
1187:
1170:
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1156:
1154:
1144:
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1110:
1109:
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1095:
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1067:
1063:
1058:
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1009:
1008:
1003:
999:
994:
990:
985:
981:
976:
972:
967:
963:
958:
954:
797:Second Basemen
667:
627:
569:dynasty leagues
557:
503:
481:fantasy writer
445:(9 times total
398:batting average
390:
357:
302:Tampa Bay Times
272:
227:
215:computer memory
73:
60:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2735:
2725:
2724:
2722:Fantasy sports
2719:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2691:Stephania Bell
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2641:
2639:
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2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
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2576:
2575:
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2565:
2559:
2557:
2553:
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2549:
2544:
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2524:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2504:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2475:Fantasy sports
2471:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2439:
2408:
2383:
2357:
2332:
2307:
2282:
2256:
2238:Brooks, Mark.
2230:
2205:
2177:
2149:
2123:
2095:
2066:
2029:
2001:
1972:
1946:
1918:
1893:
1863:
1837:
1808:
1777:
1751:
1725:
1699:
1673:
1640:
1617:
1595:
1572:
1543:
1529:. June 5, 1990
1514:
1485:
1453:
1422:
1386:
1357:
1324:
1293:
1276:
1269:
1244:
1209:
1185:
1164:
1146:Burton, Rick.
1131:
1120:. May 15, 2009
1102:
1101:
1099:
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1092:
1079:
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1061:
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1045:
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1007:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
970:
961:
951:
950:
947:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
930:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
916:Bench Players
913:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
896:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
879:
878:
875:
872:
869:
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862:
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849:
845:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
828:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
814:Third Basemen
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
794:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
780:First Basemen
777:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
760:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
743:
742:
739:
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730:
726:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
709:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
666:
663:
626:
623:
622:
621:
614:
606:
583:
582:
572:
565:
561:Keeper leagues
556:
553:
529:
528:
521:
514:
502:
499:
466:
465:
454:
439:
433:
427:
421:
419:runs batted in
415:
409:
389:
386:
356:
353:
276:America Online
271:
268:
230:writer-editor
226:
223:
189:Alan Schwarz's
181:runs batted in
93:baseball cards
72:
69:
59:
56:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2734:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:Daniel Okrent
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2666:Matthew Berry
2664:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
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2640:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
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2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:CBSSports.com
2587:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:Daily fantasy
2561:
2560:
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2548:
2545:
2541:
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2533:
2530:
2528:
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2508:
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2500:
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2209:
2194:
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2153:
2138:
2134:
2127:
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2106:
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2073:
2071:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2009:Kroh, Kacey.
2005:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1977:
1961:
1960:fantraxhq.com
1957:
1950:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1907:
1903:
1897:
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1815:
1813:
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1761:
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1740:
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1729:
1713:
1709:
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1688:
1684:
1677:
1666:September 15,
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1168:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1089:
1088:dominant hand
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1021:
1017:
1015:
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992:
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952:
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941:
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904:
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880:
876:
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870:
867:
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863:
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842:
839:
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833:
830:
829:
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819:
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808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
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782:
779:
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762:
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757:
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748:
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734:
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723:
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710:
694:
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342:Business Wire
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245:
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236:
233:
232:Daniel Okrent
222:
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212:
208:
204:
203:John Burgeson
200:
195:
193:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
159:
158:
153:
152:Daniel Okrent
149:
148:Strat-O-Matic
145:
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138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
85:
81:
78:
77:tabletop game
68:
65:
55:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
2696:John Sickels
2686:Ron Shandler
2619:RotoGrinders
2573:Sports pools
2493:
2430:. Retrieved
2426:the original
2421:
2411:
2399:. Retrieved
2395:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2371:theScore.com
2370:
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2344:
2335:
2323:. Retrieved
2319:
2310:
2298:. Retrieved
2294:
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2269:
2259:
2247:. Retrieved
2243:
2233:
2221:. Retrieved
2217:
2208:
2196:. Retrieved
2190:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2162:
2152:
2140:. Retrieved
2136:
2126:
2114:. Retrieved
2108:
2098:
2086:. Retrieved
2082:
2057:. Retrieved
2053:
2020:. Retrieved
2014:
2004:
1992:. Retrieved
1988:
1963:. Retrieved
1959:
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1909:. Retrieved
1905:
1896:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:
1854:. Retrieved
1850:
1840:
1828:. Retrieved
1824:
1796:. Retrieved
1790:
1780:
1768:. Retrieved
1763:
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1738:
1728:
1716:. Retrieved
1711:
1702:
1690:. Retrieved
1686:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1634:
1630:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1598:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1560:. Retrieved
1555:
1546:
1531:. Retrieved
1526:
1517:
1502:. Retrieved
1497:
1488:
1473:. Retrieved
1468:
1441:. Retrieved
1435:
1425:
1413:. Retrieved
1409:
1377:. Retrieved
1373:
1348:. Retrieved
1341:triblive.com
1340:
1315:. Retrieved
1311:
1279:
1256:
1235:. Retrieved
1231:
1201:
1177:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:
1122:. Retrieved
1115:
1106:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1027:
1024:Demographics
1018:
1014:injured list
1010:
1000:
991:
982:
973:
964:
955:
882:Outfielders
687:
683:
675:
668:
665:Team rosters
655:
652:
648:
640:
628:
617:
609:
598:
584:
574:
568:
560:
541:
530:
523:
516:
509:
504:
467:
425:stolen bases
391:
377:
369:
361:
358:
355:League types
346:
320:
311:
300:
294:
288:
282:
280:
273:
253:
247:
239:
237:
228:
201:computer by
196:
191:
166:
155:
141:
136:
88:
79:
74:
64:Jack Kerouac
61:
44:performances
19:
18:
2681:Nate Ravitz
2515:Association
2489:Auto racing
2432:January 21,
2110:For Dummies
2016:For Dummies
1312:Vanity Fair
831:Shortstops
707:DraftKings
704:CBS Sports
599:waiver wire
591:free agents
533:round-robin
473:scored and
447:earned runs
255:Vanity Fair
219:Rege Cordic
30:of virtual
2711:Categories
2671:Bill James
2614:PrizePicks
2594:DraftKings
2532:Ice hockey
2510:Australian
2499:Basketball
2401:August 15,
2376:August 15,
2350:August 13,
2325:August 13,
2320:DraftKings
2300:August 13,
2275:August 13,
2249:August 13,
2223:August 13,
1881:CBS Sports
1712:Boston.com
1687:TechCrunch
1098:References
659:algorithms
636:serpentine
608:Under the
597:Under the
579:salary cap
495:CBS Sports
475:strikeouts
338:DraftKings
299:, and the
244:box scores
162:rotisserie
52:KBO League
2547:Wrestling
2536:Politics
2506:Football
2198:August 3,
2170:August 3,
2142:August 3,
2116:August 3,
2088:August 3,
1232:Grantland
763:Catchers
712:Pitchers
695:Position
413:home runs
260:press box
249:USA Today
121:strikeout
2624:RotoWire
2540:Congress
2520:gridiron
2494:Baseball
1562:June 23,
1533:June 23,
1504:June 23,
1475:June 23,
1317:June 26,
1237:June 23,
1157:June 28,
1124:June 23,
671:position
537:playoffs
527:matchup.
453:pitched)
199:IBM 1620
117:home run
84:simulate
32:baseball
2604:FanDuel
2556:Formats
2503:Cricket
2059:July 7,
2022:July 7,
1994:July 8,
1965:July 7,
1939:July 7,
1911:July 7,
1886:July 3,
1856:July 3,
1830:July 3,
1798:July 3,
1770:July 7,
1744:July 7,
1718:July 7,
1692:July 7,
1610:July 1,
1443:July 1,
1415:July 3,
1379:July 1,
1350:July 1,
643:auction
546:, hold
451:innings
406:at-bats
400:(total
334:company
327:FanDuel
58:History
2659:People
2482:Sports
2164:Forbes
1267:
701:Yahoo
641:In an
613:basis.
435:total
429:total
423:total
417:total
411:total
293:, the
287:, the
183:, and
125:putout
113:triple
109:double
105:single
101:at bat
2295:Yahoo
1934:Yahoo
1044:Notes
698:ESPN
631:draft
625:Draft
587:draft
544:Yahoo
462:walks
456:team
441:team
437:saves
396:team
378:(see
370:(see
362:(see
133:error
131:, or
119:to a
115:, or
36:draft
22:is a
2599:ESPN
2527:Golf
2434:2021
2403:2021
2396:ESPN
2378:2021
2352:2021
2345:ESPN
2327:2021
2302:2021
2277:2021
2270:ESPN
2251:2021
2225:2021
2218:ESPN
2200:2021
2192:WBUR
2172:2021
2144:2021
2137:ESPN
2118:2021
2090:2021
2083:ESPN
2061:2021
2024:2021
1996:2021
1967:2021
1941:2021
1913:2021
1906:ESPN
1888:2021
1858:2021
1851:ESPN
1832:2021
1825:ESPN
1800:2021
1772:2021
1746:2021
1720:2021
1694:2021
1668:2024
1612:2021
1592:(1).
1564:2020
1535:2020
1506:2020
1477:2020
1445:2021
1417:2021
1410:ESPN
1381:2021
1352:2021
1319:2021
1265:ISBN
1239:2021
1159:2021
1126:2021
1036:and
616:The
489:and
479:ESPN
471:runs
431:wins
402:hits
315:ESPN
240:roto
144:APBA
129:walk
24:game
567:In
213:of
207:IBM
185:win
97:MLB
95:of
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