Farmall - Knowledge

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variety of commonly available fuels: gasoline, diesel, or LP-gas. The diesel engine version had a direct-start feature, and could be started and run using only diesel fuel. In 1957, IH again gave the tractor lineup an overhaul. Although the basic design was still not changed to any significant degree, new white paint was added to the front grille and sides, new engines were introduced, and new number designations were added. Along with these additions, the Torque Amplifier was added to the Model 300 and all larger models. This provided on-the-go shifting to suit varied needs; the operator was offered ten forward gears and two reverse, instead of the usual five and one. Another addition to these tractors was the independent ("live") power take-off (PTO), which meant that the farmer could run the PTO even when the clutch was disengaged (clutch pedal pushed down). Although the new tractors did improve sales, IH's innate conservatism and reluctance to update their tractor line in response to changing times was becoming apparent.

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the operator started the engine on gasoline, then manually switched it to diesel fuel after warming up the entire engine. This two-in-one engine design, also known as a "gas-diesel", was unique to IHC agricultural products from 1935 to 1958 and IHC construction/industrial products from 1935 to the early 1960s. Other companies used different yet elaborate means to crank and warm their diesels, such as a pony motor, compressed air, hot bulb, or black powder, among other things. The Farmall Super MD, Super M-TA Diesel, 400 Diesel, and 450 Diesel used the same IHC gasoline-start engine design as the MD, but with larger displacement (more cubic inches). The first Farmall tractor with a direct-start diesel was the model 350, which appeared in 1956. The 350 could also be ordered with a gasoline or LP-gas engine. The 350's direct-start diesel engine was built by

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the company, IH realized they would have to modernize and re-engineer their tractor line, lowering costs where possible in order to remain competitive. The massive boilerplate frame and iron housings of the old IH tractors were slowly phased out for lighter, less-expensive components. The streamlined exterior of the earlier tractors was replaced by straighter, more angular lines, updating the look and requiring less-complicated equipment to manufacture. The new machines also became vastly more complex, though easier to operate. Bowing to inevitable sales pressure and bitter price competition from other manufacturers, IH tractors, while still well-made, could no longer be relied upon to last indefinitely.

779:. The Fast Hitch was first offered as an option on the Super C. Fast Hitch was then an option on the 100, 200, 300, and 400 and some later models. However, even the Fast Hitch had three incompatible variants (100—single prong; 200—two small prongs; 300/400—two large prongs). IH discontinued the Fast Hitch in the 1960s after the three-point hitch was standardized and adopted by all manufacturers. There are kits available from a variety of sources that will either convert a Fast Hitch to a three-point, or add a three-point hitch to tractors that originally only had a fixed drawbar. 249: 338:. (It may never have been an official name for branding, but it was common among farmers.) In 1932, IH updated the Farmall Regular with a more powerful engine, and renamed it F-20. At this time, IH also added another model, the F-12, a smaller, lighter version of the original. It had no portal axle at the rear, deriving its ride height instead from larger-diameter wheels. Thus, beginning in 1932, the Farmall brand had grown from a single model to a model line, which became known as the 28: 456: 421:

actually started on gasoline, then was switched over to diesel when thoroughly warmed up. Sales took off, and letter-series production did not end until 1954. Overall, the Farmall 'letter' series, well built and affordable, became not only a defining product line in IH history, but an iconic symbol of the prototypical American small-farm tractor. Many machines (especially the two largest models, the H and M) are still in operation on farms today.

20: 697: 288:'s Universal, both sold several hundred units in the late 1910s. IH's machine was not particularly successful; the Moline Universal was more successful, but its parent company nevertheless faced dire financial straits. Both models were soon discontinued. Many farmers were content (and could afford) to keep one or two horses or mules around to do miscellaneous light work (such as cultivating). 518:

big-power tractor manufacturer, had inexplicably failed to substantially enlarge or re-engineer critical drive components on the new six-cylinder tractors. The tractors' final drives, which were essentially made up of unaltered Letter Series components, (the 460 carried over from the model H, the 560 did the same from the model M), failed rapidly under the stress of the more powerful

312:. Although the Farmall never reached the per-year production numbers of the Fordson during the 1920s, it was the tractor that prevented the Fordson from completely owning the market on small, lightweight, mass-produced, affordable tractors for the small or medium family farm. Its narrow-front tricycle design, high ground clearance to clear crop plants while cultivating (helped by a 448: 227:. With the success of the Farmall, other manufacturers soon introduced similar general- to all-purpose tractors with varying success. In their early years, they often included the word "all" in the name of the product. During the first decade of Farmall sales, IH's advertising even had to emphasize the name's correlation to IH, to protect the brand name from 308:-looking thing to eyes of the early 1920s—might turn off customers, the Farmall was initially released only in Texas, in order to minimize potential embarrassment if the design proved to be unsuccessful. However, the new tractor did its many jobs well and hence sold well, and by 1926, IH was ready for large-scale production at its new Farmall Works plant in 755:(TA) was first introduced on the "improved" Super M of 1954, called the Super M-TA. An auxiliary planetary gearset provided a double-reduction (low) gear ratio for each transmission gear (comparable in function to the two-speed rear axle on a commercial truck) that allowed for a quick downshift via hand lever, without using the clutch, to gain 105:, excellent visibility all around and under the machine, and light weight; (b) sufficient power for plowing and harrowing, and a belt pulley for belt work; and (c) all at low cost, with a familiar brand and an extensive distribution and service network. The first group of traits allowed for more nimble maneuvering and accurate 358:, but it was actually bluer. The wheels were most often red. In mid-1936, a decision was made to change the entire tractor (frame, sheet metal, engine, and wheels) to a new color, 'Farmall Red'. It was around this time many tractor manufacturers began using bright, distinctive colors for branding (e.g., 743:

Although IHC's very first diesel-engine tractor was a "Standard" model WD-40 built from 1935 to 1940, the very first "Farmall" diesel tractor was the model MD released in 1941. Like many agricultural and construction/industrial diesel engines of the time, the early IHC diesels were not direct-start;

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at the drive wheels. The popular TA attachment was seen upon most of the new 300 and 400 Farmalls that first appeared in 1955, and on the 350 and 450 produced 1956–1958, and on later models through the 1960s. Although the TA was appreciated on the Farmalls, IH also offered the TAs on the "Standard",

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There were also some Farmall models unique to the European market: DF-25 (comparable to the H), DGD4 (comparable to the Super H), BMD (British MD) and B-450 (British 450). These models all utilized direct-start diesel engines. Also there is a model BM (British M) with a gasoline engine. This model

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of tractors: including the first of their kind, large six-cylinder 460 and 560 models. But the excitement caused by the new introduction was short-lived. The following June, IH recalled the 460, 560, and 660 tractors after reports of mechanical breakdown in the field. IH, who wanted to be the first

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offset engine/front end design, along with a wide front wheel track and dropped axles. The 'B' was the same as the 'A' with the exceptions that it used a narrow, tricycle type front end, and the engine/driveline were placed along the centerline of the tractor. On the larger models, the 'tricycle'

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back in 1924. However, the Farmall nameplate continued to appear on new 1974 and 1975 tractors until the factories exhausted their inventory of obsolete name badges. On February 1, 1974, at 9:00 A.M., the 5,000,000th IH tractor came off the assembly line at the Farmall Works plant in Rock Island,

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Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, IH introduced new tractors and new methods of marketing, but conservative management, an unwieldy corporate organization, and a policy of in-house promotions tended to stifle new ideas and technical innovation at the company. As tractor production was a mainstay of

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Around 1920, as IH's motor cultivator died, a team of IH engineers had evolved the motor cultivator into an all-purpose tractor, replacing the horse in every job including cultivating. By 1923, they settled on a configuration, and their informal name for the project, the "Farmall", was selected as

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3. Engine size was sometimes upgradeable. For example, in the 1950s and 60s it was very popular to upgrade the Super M-TA and 400 model 264 cid engine to 281 cid. An economical cylinder sleeve and piston change was all that was needed. This brought the power level up to that of the 450

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beginning in 1947 with the Super A, 1951 for the Super C, 1952 for the Super M and 1953 for the Super H, the B model having been dropped from production and replaced with the C in 1948, which combined the attributes of both models into one tractor, while moving the operator position on top of the

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In later decades, the Farmall line continued to be a leading brand of all-purpose tractors. Its bright red color was a distinctive badge. During the 1940s and 1950s, the brand was ubiquitous in North American farming. Various trends in farming after the 1960s—such as the decline of cultivating in

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continued unchanged, but in 1955 a new 'low-boy' version was added, featuring a shortened 62.5-inch wheelbase and a frame eight inches lower than the regular Cub tractor, which improved the machine's center of gravity. 1956 saw the introduction of the IH Model 350, which offered engines using a

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IH took care to produce a model for almost every farm and every need. The Farmall A, B, BN and the later C offered compact size; the H and M series provided extra plowing capability and power, while the Model H proved most popular with customers. The 'MD' Farmall offered a diesel engine, which

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IH's first effort to solve this problem was a motor cultivator, a class of machine that various companies were building and selling in the late 1910s and early 1920s. As the name implies, these were self-propelled cultivators in the simplest sense—little more than a horse implement with a motor

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with 420,011 sold (the last 28,784 being Super Hs). Only the Ford 8n (due primarily to Ford's much greater economies of scale, the fact it sold for a significantly lower price ($ 1404 in 1952 versus $ 2000 for the H the same year), and to its exclusive Ferguson Three Point Hitch system) was a

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The original Farmall is widely viewed as the first tractor to combine a set of traits that would define the row-crop tractor category, although competition in the category came quickly. Although it was not the first tractor to have any one of these traits, it was early in bringing the winning

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The Farmall A, B, and C used a sliding-gear four-speed transmission, while the larger, more powerful Farmall H and M were fitted with a five-speed transmission. The extra gears of the Farmall tractors helped maximize the engine's power band and road speed, giving a sales advantage over the

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the horse team entirely. This latter step is what changed the financial picture to heavily favor the mechanization of agriculture. The Farmall was so successful at total horse replacement that it became a strong-selling product. With the success of the Farmall line, other manufacturers soon

324:), and standard mounting points for cultivators and other implements on the tractor's frame (a Farmall first) gave it some competitive advantages over the Fordson, especially for row crops, and it became the favorite row-crop tractor of America, outselling all other competitors (such as 740:—actually a red-and-gold color scheme used only during the International Demonstrator program in 1970. Farmalls in other shades are known to exist; these were most likely custom ordered from the factory. For large orders, any color scheme could be accommodated at the factory. 534:

Many Farmall tractor models have one or more mechanically similar models under another IH brand designed for other uses, such as industrial, utility, orchard, or wheatland use. These models have lower ground clearance and a wider front axle. During the

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The International 544 and 656 Row-Crop tractors were a bit of an anomaly until International dropped the Farmall brand, in that they combined some of the customary features of a Farmall (such as an adjustable wheel width) with a utility tractor.

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In 2004 Case IH reintroduced the Farmall brand, initially as a line of small utility tractors with less than 55 horsepower (41 kW), intended for small-acreage farms. The brand includes a return to letter designations according to size.

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The Farmall H, produced from 1939 to 1954 (the last two model years it was sold as the Super H, but was the same basic tractor with a slightly larger engine and disc type brakes), became the number two selling tractor model of all time in

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during the first half of the 20th century, when the concept was still new. IH capitalized on farmers' familiarity with its older brands stretching back to individual entrepreneurs of the earliest days of agricultural mechanization

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than most other tractors of the day; additionally, because of the second group, the Farmall could also, like previous tractors, perform all the other duties a farmer would have previously achieved using a team of

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orange). A farmer could look out across the fields and see his neighbor's tractor from a great distance and know what make it was; this provided a sort of advertising in the intensely competitive tractor market.

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Generally tractors were marketed by the number of 16" width plows they could pull in average soil to indicate their power. Here is a list of plow ratings (see footnotes) for all Farmall tractors produced for

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A few clever mechanics have created "home-brew" IH models, the so-called Super H-TA (Super H with Torque Amplifier), Super HD (Super H Diesel), and F-16 tractors. However, IH itself never manufactured such

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tractor in a more traditional layout like the H and M. Though the "Super series" received improvements, these tractors largely followed the design of their predecessors, and like them, were built to last.

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look. Designed for small-to-medium size American farms, IH's new machines offered a wider variety of capabilities, engines, and equipment options. The smallest of the line, the 'A', utilized the company's

444:) which was expanded, remodeled and re-equipped. Selling for $ 545.00 in 1947, the Cub proved extremely popular, and the original design continued in production without significant alteration until 1979. 263:

was the first truly mass-produced, light, affordable tractor, and thus the first to tap the market of small to medium family farms on a large scale. Its design was excellent in many respects, including

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weed control, and the consolidation of the agricultural sector into larger but fewer farms—ended the era of Farmall manufacturing. However, many Farmalls remain in farming service, and many others are

1213: 436:. But the Cub also sold to owners of larger farms who required a second tractor. Production of the Cub commenced at the newly acquired Farmall Works-Louisville plant (formerly the wartime 1582: 782:

International Harvester was one of the earliest manufacturers to provide a stepless transmission in a row crop tractor. Introduced first as an option on 656 and 544 tractors, the

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models used numbers instead of letters to identify the model. The new models were given slightly different looks and a few new features, but were still essentially the famed

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type, narrow-spaced front wheel design was retained, as it provided quick steering and a considerable improvement in maneuverability over competing tractors such as the

685:, A, B, 100, 130, and 140 models had the seat offset from the engine, allowing the operator to look directly at the ground under the tractor. This feature was called 2642: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2572: 2546: 2459: 342:. In 1938, the F-12 was replaced by the F-14, almost identical to the F-12 except for an updated steering column and a higher-revving engine (whose higher 114:. A tractor could yield lower overall operating costs than horses as long as it was priced right and reliable (and its fuel supply as well). The Farmall, 539:

era, these alternate models were sold under the McCormick-Deering brand; later models were badged with the International brand. Some examples include:

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the rows of young row-crop plants to kill the weeds. IH recognized motorized cultivating as an unmet need in the marketplace. It was also under intense

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Descriptions of tractors as "general-purpose" and "all-purpose" had been used loosely and interchangeably in the teens and early twenties; but a true

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first opened in 1926. The last IH tractor, a Model 5488, was built there on May 14, 1985. International's Agriculture Equipment Division was sold to

130:, could meet that requirement. The Farmall was thus similar to a Fordson in its capabilities and affordability, but with better cultivating ability. 331:

In 1931 came the first variation of the original Farmall. The F-30 was bigger, heavier, and more powerful. The original Farmall became known by the

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in this context refers to breaking up the soil next to the vegetable row, which kills weeds by uprooting them and/or burying their leaves).

678:, horsepower ratings, production quantities, serial number ranges, and other statistics are available in reference books on the subject. 354:

All Farmall tractors were painted a deep blue-grey until mid-1936 (around July through September). The color has often been mistaken for

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At the Hinsdale, Illinois Testing Farm in July 1958, IH entertained over 12,000 dealers from over 25 countries. IH showed off their new

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slightly better seller, at 524,076 sold. The Farmall H, however, was and still is the number one selling row crop tractor of all time.

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by enthusiasts. In these respects, the Farmall era continues. As predicted in the 1980s and 1990s, the growing public understanding of

1431: 432:, one of the "mechanization-resistant" markets it hoped to penetrate was the small, poor, one-mule family farms of the rural American 77:, fairway, and other variants were also built. Most Farmalls were all-purpose tractors that were affordable for small to medium-sized 2980: 2449: 846:

The Hydro 1066 had less drawbar power than the gear-drive 1066 due to hydrostatic slippage, leading to the creation of the Hydro 100.

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competition. The A, B, and C all used essentially the same engine but the C ran at a higher RPM and so yielded higher horsepower.

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By 1973, IH had officially dropped the 'Farmall' name from its new tractor models, ending an era that began with the first Farmall

190:. This cultural development has brought a limited but notable revival of cultivating and of the use of equipment such as Farmalls. 715:

became the standard Farmall tractor color after 1936, and was used through the 1970s. The only factory color variations known are

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because it was created to give the operator an excellent view of the cultivator teeth as they cultivated the vegetable row. (

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2. Depending on the plow width used and the type of soil, a three-plow tractor could handle a four- or five-bottom plow.

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Updike, Kenneth (2008), "Classic Farmall Tractors: History, Models, Variations & Specifications, 1922-1975",

46:(IH), an American truck, tractor, and construction equipment company. The Farmall name was usually presented as 783: 304:

the product's official name. As IH management was concerned that the new high-riding, tricycle design—a rather

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tractor engines. IH's competitors took advantage of the recall, and IH lost customers in the ensuing months.

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Culti-Vision proved to be IH's longest-lived engineering feature, staying in production from 1939 to 1979.

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Illinois. IH was the first tractor manufacturer to officially accomplish this production threshold

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to build a "Fordson beater" soon, lest the Fordson go on to dominate the entire marketplace of

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and the low cost that it allowed. But one task that its design had not been tailored to was

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McCormick and Deering were used. The Farmall name itself began as a model name and then

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Farmall Tractors: History of International McCormick-Deering Farmall Tractors

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1. Plow ratings are general plowing abilities dependent upon soil conditions.

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introduced similar general- to all-purpose tractors with varying success.

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would become a defining feature of the 70 Hydro and 100 Hydro models.

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In 1947, the smallest tractor in the Farmall line was introduced, the

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added. The IH motor cultivator and another all-purpose tractor, the

2672: 1567: 642:, 560, 656, 666, 70 Hydro, 706, 756, 766, 786, 806, 826, 856, 966, 346:, 1650 rpm instead of 1400, made it more powerful at peak output). 332: 61:

Farmall was a prominent brand in the 20th-century trend toward the

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The F-series tractors lasted until 1939. In late 1939, the famous

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Farmall 656—International 656 Row-Crop—International 656 Utility

546:—McCormick-Deering W-4 Standard—McCormick-Deering I-4 Industrial 375:

of Farmall tractors was introduced. The model name letters were

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has revived the Farmall brand on some of their latest tractors.

756: 718: 403:, to give the new Farmall general-purpose tractors a sleek new 366: 19: 967: 729: 696: 137:-purpose tractor would be one that not only brought power to 119: 111: 1555: 1448:, Farm Tractor Color History Series, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 646:, 1066, 100 Hydro, 1206, 1256, 1456, 1466, 1468, 1566, 1568. 1080: 138: 1442:

Pripps, Robert N.; Morland, Andrew (photographer) (1993),

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in 1936 helped to further strengthen the branding effort.

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combination to market. The traits included (a) 'tricycle'

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in the US. Its general-purpose machines' origins were in

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3-plow: F-30, M, W-6, MD, super MD, Super M, Super M-TA,

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From 1924 until 1963, Farmalls were the largest selling

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McCormick-International Harvester Company Branch House

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Farmall: The Red Tractor that Revolutionized Farming

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Hoover's Profile: Navistar International Corporation

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http://www.answers.com/topic/navistar-international

938: 921: 760:"Utility", and "Industrial" tractor lines as well. 1297:Fay, Guy (2000), "Farmall Tractors in the 1950s", 1180: 909: 459:Restored Farmall C with C-254-A two-row cultivator 1186: 1147: 1145: 2972: 2950:List of International Harvester/Navistar engines 2440:List of International Harvester/Navistar engines 297:Northeast Texas Rural Heritage Center and Museum 295:A 1930s McCormick-Deering Farmall (F-14) at the 1377:(1st ed.), Austin, TX, USA: Octane Press, 585: 530:Standard, Industrial, Utility, and Other Models 1467:, Osceola, WI, USA: Motorbooks International, 1432:"Letter to the Editor: No, not a Farmall F-16" 1187:Leffingwell, Randy; Pripps, Robert N. (2015). 1142: 1063: 979: 2486: 2242: 1823:Farmall six-cylinder tractors (4-plow and up) 1583: 1465:International Harvester Tractor Buyer's Guide 1441: 1234: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1051: 1036: 1024: 1000: 973: 961: 949: 932: 1410: 1391: 1315: 1093:"TractorData.com - Farmall 350 tractor data" 1006: 915: 613:2-plow (14"): F-12, F-14, C, Super C, 140, 367:The Letter Series and the Golden Years of IH 38:was a model name and later a brand name for 2256: 1503:International Harvester Tractors, 1955–1985 243: 233:shift to a bright, distinctive color scheme 2493: 2479: 2249: 2235: 1590: 1576: 1318:Original Farmall Hundred Series, 1954-1958 1110: 620:2-plow (16"): Regular, F-20, H, Super H, 2455:International Harvester strike of 1979–80 2450:International Harvester Company Warehouse 669: 2945:List of International Harvester vehicles 2445:List of International Harvester vehicles 1372: 1353: 1334: 1274: 985: 897:List of International Harvester vehicles 695: 603:(12" width or less), A, Super A, B, BN, 552:Farmall 450—International W450 Wheatland 504: 454: 446: 290: 247: 26: 18: 674:Detailed tables of model names, years, 395:, and MD(M diesel). IH commissioned an 55: 2973: 1519: 1500: 1481: 1462: 1205: 1151: 1121: 1012: 118:with the same low-cost-and-high-value 2474: 2230: 1571: 1429: 1280: 1211: 1166:"Case-IH bringing back Farmall brand" 1157: 549:Farmall 300—International 300 Utility 509:Abandoned Farmall 460 in Tok, Alaska. 501:60 Series Recall and Later Production 475: 193: 2955:List of International (brand) trucks 1597: 1486:, St Paul, MN, USA: Voyageur Press, 1191:. Voyageur Press. pp. 236–240. 1163: 892:List of former tractor manufacturers 1484:The Field Guide to Farmall Tractors 1296: 1212:Casey, Derek (September 18, 2012). 1164:Laws, Forrest (February 20, 2004). 1064:Derek Thompson (December 2, 2016). 862:McCormick-Deering W series tractors 789: 480:In 1954, the numbered or so-called 13: 2374:International Harvester Travelette 2364:International Harvester Auto-Buggy 232: 14: 2997: 2394:International Harvester Payhauler 2369:International Harvester Travelall 1539: 1354:Klancher, Lee (2004), "Farmall", 430:various John Deere L/LA/LI models 225:evolved to encompass a model line 2981:International Harvester vehicles 1524:(1st ed.), Voyageur Press, 1430:McCoy, Stephen (November 2004), 1394:International Harvester Tractors 1316:Fay, Guy; Kraushaar, A. (2003), 666:was built from 1949 until 1954. 563: 387:(which replaced the B in 1948), 349: 1945:Farmall eight-cylinder tractors 1717:Farmall two-plow (16") tractors 1662:Farmall two-plow (14") tractors 1413:America's Classic Farm Tractors 1290: 1265: 1057: 1546:Antique Farmall Tractor Forums 638:4 plow and up: W-9, 504, 544, 1: 902: 467:tractors were updated to the 89:horses or mules eliminated. 2357:International Harvester 1066 2196:D-217 Farmall/D-217 Standard 1411:Leffingwell, Randy (1999b), 1392:Leffingwell, Randy (1999a), 586:Model list and power ratings 266:design for manufacturability 63:mechanization of agriculture 7: 2849:AM/BM/CM series (1960–1972) 2352:International Harvester 660 2347:International Harvester 650 2342:International Harvester 600 2329:Case IH axial-flow combines 1770:Farmall three-plow tractors 850: 829:The Farmall Works plant in 771:developed years earlier by 178:in general, have brought a 16:Model and brand of tractors 10: 3002: 2389:M425 and 426 tractor truck 2379:McCormick-Deering W series 1482:Pripps, Robert N. (2004), 1463:Pripps, Robert N. (1995), 976:, pp. 32, 33, 39, 40. 576: 182:resurgence of interest in 2937: 2858: 2819: 2786: 2779: 2716: 2590: 2581: 2509: 2424: 2402: 2321: 2280: 2272:Deering Harvester Company 2264: 2134: 2065: 2025: 1968: 1943: 1822: 1769: 1716: 1661: 1607:Farmall one-plow tractors 1606: 1505:, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 1415:, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 1396:, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 1358:, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 1320:, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 1301:, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, 1235:Pripps & Morland 1993 1052:Pripps & Morland 1993 1037:Pripps & Morland 1993 1025:Pripps & Morland 1993 1001:Pripps & Morland 1993 974:Pripps & Morland 1993 962:Pripps & Morland 1993 950:Pripps & Morland 1993 933:Pripps & Morland 1993 700:Farmall Model H (c. 1948) 238: 48:McCormick-Deering Farmall 2960:Ford Power Stroke engine 2338:International Harvester 1501:Updike, Kenneth (2000), 1088:Farmall 350 Tractor Data 837:the prior year, in 1984. 784:hydrostatic transmission 244:Farmall and the F-series 172:environmental protection 2744:S series “Schoolmaster” 2258:International Harvester 1356:Enthusiast Color Series 1299:Enthusiast Color Series 1248:"Ford-Ferguson Tractor" 887:International Harvester 767:was IH's answer to the 484:tractors appeared. The 280:, imperfections or no. 44:International Harvester 23:Early Farmall "Regular" 2837:KM and KBM (1938–1949) 1373:Klancher, Lee (2008), 1335:Klancher, Lee (1995), 777:Ford-Ferguson tractors 701: 670:Production information 510: 460: 452: 322:IH was an early leader 300: 278:agricultural equipment 256: 206:, gradually evolved a 32: 24: 2846:SM series (1956–1959) 2843:RM series (1953–1955) 2840:LM series (1950–1952) 1522:Tractor Legacy Series 831:Rock Island, Illinois 699: 508: 458: 450: 310:Rock Island, Illinois 294: 251: 221:legacy company brands 188:local food production 101:, quickly adjustable 30: 22: 2658:Transtar/Transtar II 2537:International MXT-MV 2308:Leander J. McCormick 722:(generally used for 676:engine displacements 442:Louisville, Kentucky 440:Aircraft factory in 320:(a feature on which 274:competitive pressure 85:was reduced and for 2502:International Truck 2403:Former subsidiaries 1375:The Farmall Dynasty 1237:, pp. 122–125. 451:Restored Farmall BN 397:industrial designer 286:Moline Plow Company 2313:Benjamin H. Warder 1797:Farmall Super M-TA 1562:Red Power Magazine 775:, and featured on 746:Continental Motors 702: 511: 476:Letters to Numbers 461: 453: 301: 257: 208:brand architecture 194:Brand architecture 56:brand architecture 33: 25: 2968: 2967: 2933: 2932: 2775: 2774: 2468: 2467: 2224: 2223: 2050:Farmall Super BMD 1988:Farmall Super AMD 1970:Farmall Australia 1899:Farmall Hydro 100 1531:978-0-7603-3195-8 1455:978-0-87938-763-1 1422:978-0-7603-0822-6 1384:978-0-9821733-0-5 1346:978-0-87938-986-4 1198:978-0-7603-4846-8 1086:TractorData.com, 1027:, pp. 37–39. 1003:, pp. 29–33. 964:, pp. 34–37. 916:Leffingwell 1999b 867:Farmall Australia 817:International Cub 797:row crop tractors 769:three-point hitch 67:row-crop tractors 52:McCormick Farmall 42:manufactured by 2993: 2865: 2826: 2789: 2784: 2783: 2719: 2593: 2588: 2587: 2495: 2488: 2481: 2472: 2471: 2425:Related articles 2251: 2244: 2237: 2228: 2227: 2080:Farmall Super FC 2045:Farmall Super BM 1983:Farmall Super AM 1850:Farmall Hydro 70 1792:Farmall Super MD 1592: 1585: 1578: 1569: 1568: 1535: 1516: 1497: 1478: 1459: 1438: 1426: 1407: 1388: 1369: 1350: 1337:Farmall Tractors 1331: 1312: 1284: 1278: 1272: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1260: 1259: 1250:. Archived from 1244: 1238: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1223: 1221: 1216:. independent.ie 1209: 1203: 1202: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1161: 1155: 1149: 1140: 1131: 1125: 1119: 1108: 1107: 1105: 1104: 1095:. Archived from 1084: 1078: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1061: 1055: 1049: 1040: 1034: 1028: 1022: 1016: 1010: 1004: 998: 989: 983: 977: 971: 965: 959: 953: 947: 936: 930: 919: 913: 790:Production facts 753:Torque Amplifier 219:), which is why 99:ground clearance 54:in the evolving 3001: 3000: 2996: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2991: 2990: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2964: 2929: 2905:1000/100 series 2861: 2860:Retail Vehicles 2859: 2854: 2822: 2820: 2815: 2787: 2771: 2717: 2712: 2591: 2583: 2577: 2511: 2505: 2499: 2469: 2464: 2420: 2416:Seddon Atkinson 2398: 2317: 2303:Cyrus McCormick 2298:William Deering 2288:Charles Deering 2276: 2260: 2255: 2225: 2220: 2130: 2087:Farmall F-135-D 2061: 2027:Farmall Britain 2021: 1964: 1939: 1818: 1765: 1739:Farmall Super H 1724:Farmall Regular 1712: 1686:Farmall Super C 1657: 1624:Farmall Super A 1602: 1596: 1542: 1532: 1513: 1494: 1475: 1456: 1423: 1404: 1385: 1366: 1347: 1328: 1309: 1293: 1288: 1287: 1279: 1275: 1271:IHC shop manual 1270: 1266: 1257: 1255: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1233: 1229: 1219: 1217: 1210: 1206: 1199: 1185: 1181: 1171: 1169: 1168:. Farm Progress 1162: 1158: 1150: 1143: 1132: 1128: 1120: 1111: 1102: 1100: 1091: 1085: 1081: 1071: 1069: 1062: 1058: 1050: 1043: 1035: 1031: 1023: 1019: 1011: 1007: 999: 992: 984: 980: 972: 968: 960: 956: 948: 939: 931: 922: 914: 910: 905: 882:Farmall Germany 872:Farmall Britain 853: 815:(later renamed 792: 672: 617:, 230, 240, 404 588: 579: 566: 532: 503: 478: 369: 356:battleship grey 352: 246: 241: 217:William Deering 213:Cyrus McCormick 196: 184:organic farming 128:Fordson tractor 17: 12: 11: 5: 2999: 2989: 2988: 2983: 2966: 2965: 2963: 2962: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2866: 2863:(discontinued) 2856: 2855: 2853: 2852: 2851: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2829: 2827: 2824:(discontinued) 2817: 2816: 2814: 2813: 2801: 2799:(discontinued) 2792: 2790: 2781: 2777: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2746: 2741: 2737: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2722: 2720: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2596: 2594: 2585: 2579: 2578: 2576: 2575: 2570: 2564: 2563: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2522: 2521: 2519: 2515: 2513: 2507: 2506: 2498: 2497: 2490: 2483: 2475: 2466: 2465: 2463: 2462: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2428: 2426: 2422: 2421: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2336: 2331: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2318: 2316: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2261: 2254: 2253: 2246: 2239: 2231: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2192: 2191: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2140: 2138: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2128: 2126:Farmall F-335D 2123: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2106: 2105: 2104: 2099: 2089: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2071: 2069: 2067:Farmall France 2063: 2062: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2031: 2029: 2023: 2022: 2020: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 2003: 2002: 1992: 1991: 1990: 1985: 1974: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1962: 1961: 1960: 1949: 1947: 1941: 1940: 1938: 1937: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1920: 1919: 1918: 1913: 1903: 1902: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1871: 1870: 1869: 1864: 1854: 1853: 1852: 1847: 1837: 1832: 1826: 1824: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1816: 1811: 1810: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1779: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1731: 1726: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1713: 1711: 1710: 1705: 1704: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1678: 1677: 1676: 1665: 1663: 1659: 1658: 1656: 1655: 1654: 1653: 1643: 1642: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1616: 1610: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1595: 1594: 1587: 1580: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1541: 1540:External links 1538: 1537: 1536: 1530: 1517: 1511: 1498: 1492: 1479: 1473: 1460: 1454: 1439: 1436:Farm Collector 1427: 1421: 1408: 1402: 1389: 1383: 1370: 1364: 1351: 1345: 1332: 1326: 1313: 1307: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1273: 1264: 1239: 1227: 1204: 1197: 1179: 1156: 1154:, p. 160. 1141: 1126: 1109: 1079: 1068:. The Atlantic 1056: 1041: 1029: 1017: 1005: 990: 978: 966: 954: 937: 920: 907: 906: 904: 901: 900: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 877:Farmall France 874: 869: 864: 859: 852: 849: 848: 847: 844: 838: 827: 823: 820: 809: 800: 791: 788: 773:Harry Ferguson 724:municipalities 671: 668: 663: 662: 658: 655: 648: 647: 636: 625: 618: 611: 587: 584: 578: 575: 565: 562: 557: 556: 553: 550: 547: 531: 528: 502: 499: 492:tractors. The 486:Hundred series 482:Hundred series 477: 474: 438:Curtiss-Wright 368: 365: 360:Allis-Chalmers 351: 348: 318:power take-off 299:in August 2015 245: 242: 240: 237: 229:genericization 204:General Motors 195: 192: 176:sustainability 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2998: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2978: 2976: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2940: 2939: 2936: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2857: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2835: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2821:Delivery Vans 2818: 2812: 2810: 2807:(acquired by 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2793: 2791: 2785: 2782: 2778: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2721: 2715: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2589: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2558: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2516: 2514: 2508: 2503: 2496: 2491: 2489: 2484: 2482: 2477: 2476: 2473: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2293:James Deering 2291: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2279: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2252: 2247: 2245: 2240: 2238: 2233: 2232: 2229: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2127: 2124: 2120: 2119:Farmall F-240 2117: 2115: 2114:Farmall F-237 2112: 2111: 2110: 2109:Farmall F-265 2107: 2103: 2102:Farmall F-270 2100: 2098: 2097:Farmall F-237 2095: 2094: 2093: 2092:Farmall F-235 2090: 2088: 2085: 2081: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2073: 2072: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2056: 2055:Farmall B-450 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2032: 2030: 2028: 2024: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2001: 2000:Farmall AMD-7 1998: 1997: 1996: 1993: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1908: 1907: 1904: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1858: 1855: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1825: 1821: 1815: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1675: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1660: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1600: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1581: 1579: 1574: 1573: 1570: 1564: 1563: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1533: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1514: 1512:0-7603-0682-6 1508: 1504: 1499: 1495: 1493:0-89658-558-1 1489: 1485: 1480: 1476: 1474:0-7603-0011-9 1470: 1466: 1461: 1457: 1451: 1447: 1446: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1428: 1424: 1418: 1414: 1409: 1405: 1403:0-7603-0423-8 1399: 1395: 1390: 1386: 1380: 1376: 1371: 1367: 1365:0-7603-1846-8 1361: 1357: 1352: 1348: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1329: 1327:0-7603-0856-X 1323: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1308:0-7603-0762-8 1304: 1300: 1295: 1294: 1282: 1277: 1268: 1254:on 2015-07-26 1253: 1249: 1243: 1236: 1231: 1215: 1208: 1200: 1194: 1190: 1183: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1148: 1146: 1139: 1135: 1130: 1123: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1099:on 2008-10-03 1098: 1094: 1089: 1083: 1067: 1060: 1054:, p. 56. 1053: 1048: 1046: 1039:, p. 29. 1038: 1033: 1026: 1021: 1015:, p. 46. 1014: 1009: 1002: 997: 995: 988:, p. 36. 987: 986:Klancher 1995 982: 975: 970: 963: 958: 952:, p. 40. 951: 946: 944: 942: 935:, p. 33. 934: 929: 927: 925: 918:, p. 331 917: 912: 908: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 854: 845: 842: 839: 836: 832: 828: 824: 821: 818: 814: 810: 806: 805:North America 801: 798: 794: 793: 787: 785: 780: 778: 774: 770: 766: 761: 758: 754: 749: 747: 741: 739: 738: 735:Demonstrator 732: 731: 728:Demonstrator 725: 721: 720: 714: 713: 706: 698: 694: 692: 688: 684: 679: 677: 667: 659: 656: 653: 652: 651: 645: 641: 637: 634: 630: 626: 623: 619: 616: 612: 610: 606: 602: 598: 597: 596: 594: 593:North America 583: 574: 571: 564:End of an era 561: 554: 551: 548: 545: 542: 541: 540: 538: 537:Letter series 527: 523: 521: 516: 507: 498: 495: 491: 490:Letter series 487: 483: 473: 470: 466: 465:Letter series 457: 449: 445: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 422: 418: 416: 411: 406: 402: 401:Raymond Loewy 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 373:Letter series 364: 361: 357: 350:Color schemes 347: 345: 341: 337: 334: 329: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 298: 293: 289: 287: 281: 279: 275: 271: 267: 262: 255: 250: 236: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 209: 205: 201: 191: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 155: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 131: 129: 125: 121: 117: 116:mass-produced 113: 108: 104: 100: 96: 95:configuration 90: 88: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 59: 57: 53: 49: 45: 41: 37: 31:Farmall D-430 29: 21: 2862: 2823: 2809:MTD Products 2806: 2798: 2795: 2740:Discontinued 2639:Discontinued 2560:Discontinued 2504:product line 2432: 2333: 2265:Subsidiaries 2017:Farmall A564 2012:Farmall A554 2007:Farmall A514 1995:Farmall AM-7 1958:Farmall 1568 1953:Farmall 1468 1933:Farmall 1566 1928:Farmall 1466 1923:Farmall 1456 1916:Farmall 1026 1911:Farmall 1256 1906:Farmall 1206 1894:Farmall 1066 1777:Farmall F-30 1729:Farmall F-20 1674:Farmall F-14 1669:Farmall F-12 1598: 1560: 1521: 1502: 1483: 1464: 1444: 1435: 1412: 1393: 1374: 1355: 1336: 1317: 1298: 1291:Bibliography 1276: 1267: 1256:. 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