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1282:(1958) is frequently cited as the last noir of the classic period. Some scholars believe film noir never really ended, but continued to transform even as the characteristic noir visual style began to seem dated and changing production conditions led Hollywood in different directionsâin this view, post-1950s films in the noir tradition are seen as part of a continuity with classic noir. A majority of critics, however, regard comparable films made outside the classic era to be something other than genuine film noir. They regard true film noir as belonging to a temporally and geographically limited cycle or period, treating subsequent films that evoke the classics as fundamentally different due to general shifts in filmmaking style and latter-day awareness of noir as a historical source for
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2007:(1949), with Lancaster again the lead, exemplifies how Siodmak brought the virtues of the B-movie to the A noir. In addition to the relatively looser constraints on character and message at lower budgets, the nature of B production lent itself to the noir style for economic reasons: dim lighting saved on electricity and helped cloak cheap sets (mist and smoke also served the cause). Night shooting was often compelled by hurried production schedules. Plots with obscure motivations and intriguingly elliptical transitions were sometimes the consequence of hastily written scripts. There was not always enough time or money to shoot every scene. In
4621:
1470:
4823:, a late and self-consciously stylized example of classic noir, critic Alain Silver describes how cinematographic choices emphasize the story's themes and mood. In one scene, the characters, seen through a "confusion of angular shapes", thus appear "caught in a tangible vortex or enclosed in a trap." Silver makes a case for how "side light is used ... to reflect character ambivalence", while shots of characters in which they are lit from below "conform to a convention of visual expression which associates shadows cast upward of the face with the unnatural and ominous".
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968:(1932) was adapted from one of his stories. At least one important reference work identifies the latter as a film noir despite its early date. Burnett's characteristic narrative approach fell somewhere between that of the quintessential hardboiled writers and their noir fiction compatriotsâhis protagonists were often heroic in their own way, which happened to be that of the gangster. During the classic era, his work, either as author or screenwriter, was the basis for seven films now widely regarded as noir, including three of the most famous:
486:
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the genre, neon-noir emphasizes the socio-critique of film noir, recalling the specific socio-cultural dimensions of the interwar years when noirs first became prominent; a time of global existential crisis, depression and the mass movement of the rural population to cities. Long shots or montages of cityscapes, often portrayed as dark and menacing, are suggestive of what Dueck referred to as a âbleak societal perspectiveâ, providing a critique on
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461:, widely accepted by film historians as constituting a "genre": screwball is defined not by a fundamental attribute, but by a general disposition and a group of elements, someâbut rarely and perhaps never allâof which are found in each of the genre's films. Because of the diversity of noir (much greater than that of the screwball comedy), certain scholars in the field, such as film historian Thomas Schatz, treat it as not a genre but a "style".
319:
10412:
45:
4985:, and down-and-out writers. Among characters of every stripe, cigarette smoking is rampant. From historical commentators to neo-noir pictures to pop culture ephemera, the private eye and the femme fatale have been adopted as the quintessential film noir figures, though they do not appear in most films now regarded as classic noir. Of the twenty-six National Film Registry noirs, in only four does the star play a private eye:
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4675:
characteristics can therefore be considered definitive. In the 1990s and 2000s, critics have increasingly turned their attention to that diverse field of films called neo-noir; once again, there is even less consensus about the defining attributes of such films made outside the classic period. Roger Ebert offered "A Guide to Film Noir", writing that "Film noir is...
917:(1951). Where Chandler, like Hammett, centered most of his novels and stories on the character of the private eye, Cain featured less heroic protagonists and focused more on psychological exposition than on crime solving; the Cain approach has come to be identified with a subset of the hardboiled genre dubbed "
3149:, invokes a different set of classic noir elements, this time in a humid, erotically charged Florida setting. Its success confirmed the commercial viability of neo-noir at a time when the major Hollywood studios were becoming increasingly risk averse. The mainstreaming of neo-noir is evident in such films as
717:(1948) pointed to the neorealists as inspiring his use of location photography with non-professional extras. This semidocumentary approach characterized a substantial number of noirs in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Along with neorealism, the style had an American precedent cited by Dassin, in director
325:
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321:
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Crime, usually murder, is an element of almost all films noir; in addition to standard-issue greed, jealousy is frequently the criminal motivation. A crime investigationâby a private eye, a police detective (sometimes acting alone), or a concerned amateurâis the most prevalent, but far from dominant,
4638:
In their original 1955 canon of film noir, Raymond Borde and
Etienne Chaumeton identified twenty-two Hollywood films released between 1941 and 1952 as core examples; they listed another fifty-nine American films from the period as significantly related to the field of noir. A half-century later, film
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Some critics regard classic film noir as a cycle exclusive to the United States; Alain Silver and
Elizabeth Ward, for example, argue, "With the Western, film noir shares the distinction of being an indigenous American form ... a wholly American film style." However, although the term "film noir"
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is ambivalent. Some critics perceive classic noir's hallmark as a distinctive visual style. Others, observing that there is actually considerable stylistic variety among noirs, instead emphasize plot and character type. Still others focus on mood and attitude. No survey of classic noir's identifying
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Accentuating the use of artificial and neon lighting in the films-noir of the '40s and '50s, neon-noir films accentuate this aesthetic with electrifying color and manipulated light in order to highlight their socio-cultural critiques and their references to contemporary and pop culture. In doing so,
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Neo-noir film borrows from and reflects many of the characteristics of the film noir: the presence of crime and violence, complex characters and plot-lines, mystery, and moral ambivalence, all of which come into play in the neon-noir sub-genre. But more than just exhibiting the superficial traits of
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either literally or in spirit. In this production context, writers, directors, cinematographers, and other craftsmen were relatively free from typical big-picture constraints. There was more visual experimentation than in
Hollywood filmmaking as a whole: the Expressionism now closely associated with
1075:
Whoever went to the movies with any regularity during 1946 was caught in the midst of
Hollywood's profound postwar affection for morbid drama. From January through December deep shadows, clutching hands, exploding revolvers, sadistic villains and heroines tormented with deeply rooted diseases of the
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Film noir is often associated with an urban setting, and a few citiesâLos
Angeles, San Francisco, New York, and Chicago, in particularâare the location of many of the classic films. In the eyes of many critics, the city is presented in noir as a "labyrinth" or "maze". Bars, lounges, nightclubs, and
4940:, or in murderous conspiracies often involving adulterous affairs. False suspicions and accusations of crime are frequent plot elements, as are betrayals and double-crosses. According to J. David Slocum, "protagonists assume the literal identities of dead men in nearly fifteen percent of all noir."
4712:
For men: fedoras, suits and ties, shabby residential hotels with a neon sign blinking through the window, buying yourself a drink out of the office bottle, cars with running boards, all-night diners, protecting kids who shouldn't be playing with the big guys, being on first-name terms with homicide
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For women: low necklines, floppy hats, mascara, lipstick, dressing rooms, boudoirs, calling the doorman by his first name, high heels, red dresses, elbowlength gloves, mixing drinks, having gangsters as boyfriends, having soft spots for alcoholic private eyes, wanting a lot of someone else's women,
471:
labels both film noir and screwball comedy a "pathway" in his screenwriters taxonomy; explaining that a pathway has two parts: 1) the way the audience connects with the protagonist and 2) the trajectory the audience expects the story to follow. Other critics treat film noir as a "mood," a "series",
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sequence. Framing the entire primary narrative as a flashback is also a standard device. Voiceover narration, sometimes used as a structuring device, came to be seen as a noir hallmark; while classic noir is generally associated with first-person narration (i.e., by the protagonist), Stephen Neale
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Neon-noir can be seen as a response to the over-use of the term neo-noir. While the term neo-noir functions to bring noir into the contemporary landscape, it has often been criticized for its dilution of the noir genre. Author Robert Arnett commented on its "amorphous" reach: "any film featuring a
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Neon-noirs seek to bring the contemporary noir, somewhat diluted under the umbrella of neo-noir, back to the exploration of culture: class, race, gender, patriarchy, and capitalism. Neon-noirs present an existential exploration of society in a hyper-technological and globalized world. Illustrating
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They emphasize that not every noir film embodies all five attributes in equal measureâone might be more dreamlike; another, particularly brutal. The authors' caveats and repeated efforts at alternative definition have been echoed in subsequent scholarship, but in the words of cinema historian Mark
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Film noir is often described as essentially pessimistic. The noir stories that are regarded as most characteristic tell of people trapped in unwanted situations (which, in general, they did not cause but are responsible for exacerbating), striving against random, uncaring fate, and are frequently
421:
While many critics refer to film noir as a genre itself, others argue that it can be no such thing. Foster Hirsch defines a genre as determined by "conventions of narrative structure, characterization, theme, and visual design." Hirsch, as one who has taken the position that film noir is a genre,
326:
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During the classic period, there were many films produced in Europe, particularly in France, that share elements of style, theme, and sensibility with
American films noir and may themselves be included in the genre's canon. In certain cases, the interrelationship with Hollywood noir is obvious:
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For overview of debate, see, e.g., Bould (2005), pp. 13â23; Telotte (1989), pp. 9â10. For description of noir as a genre, see, e.g., Bould (2005), p. 2; Hirsch (2001), pp. 71â72; Tuska (1984), p. xxiii. For the opposing viewpoint, see, e.g., Neale (2000), p. 164; Ottoson (1981), p. 2; Schrader
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doomed. The films are seen as depicting a world that is inherently corrupt. Classic film noir has been associated by many critics with the
American social landscape of the eraâin particular, with a sense of heightened anxiety and alienation that is said to have followed World War II. In author
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The neo-noir film genre developed mid-way into the Cold War. This cinematological trend reflected much of the cynicism and the possibility of nuclear annihilation of the era. This new genre introduced innovations that were not available to earlier noir films. The violence was also more potent.
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To support their categorization of certain films as noirs and their rejection of others, many critics refer to a set of elements they see as marking examples of the mode. The question of what constitutes the set of noir's identifying characteristics is a fundamental source of controversy. For
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obliged almost all classic noirs to see that steadfast virtue was ultimately rewarded and vice, in the absence of shame and redemption, severely punished (however dramatically incredible the final rendering of mandatory justice might be). A substantial number of latter-day noirs flout such
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well before the neo-noir era. Characters' faces may be partially or wholly obscured by darknessâa relative rarity in conventional
Hollywood filmmaking. While black-and-white cinematography is considered by many to be one of the essential attributes of classic noir, the color films
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historians and critics had come to agree on a canon of approximately three hundred films from 1940 to 1958. There remain, however, many differences of opinion over whether other films of the era, among them a number of well-known ones, qualify as films noir or not. For instance,
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was originally coined to describe
Hollywood movies, it was an international phenomenon. Even before the beginning of the generally accepted classic period, there were films made far from Hollywood that can be seen in retrospect as films noir, for example, the French productions
4630:(1958) a noir on the basis of plot and tone and various motifs, but it has a modernist graphic design typical of the 1950s and a more modern set design, which would remove it from the category of film noir. Others say the combination of color and the specificity of director
555:(1933) are among the early Hollywood sound films arguably classifiable as noirâscholar Marc Vernet offers the latter as evidence that dating the initiation of film noir to 1940 or any other year is "arbitrary". Expressionism-orientated filmmakers had free stylistic rein in
5038:âheads in precisely the opposite direction, with tales of deception, seduction, and corruption exploiting bright, sun-baked settings, stereotypically the desert or open water, to searing effect. Significant predecessors from the classic and early post-classic eras include
3073:, remade here with Robert Mitchum in his last notable noir role. Detective series, prevalent on American television during the period, updated the hardboiled tradition in different ways, but the show conjuring the most noir tone was a horror crossover touched with shaggy,
302:). Although film noir was originally associated with American productions, the term has been used to describe films from around the world. Many films released from the 1960s onward share attributes with films noir of the classical period, and often treat its conventions
323:
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gambling dens are frequently the scene of action. The climaxes of a substantial number of film noirs take place in visually complex, often industrial settings, such as refineries, factories, trainyards, power plantsâmost famously the explosive conclusion of
4054:. The animated sequences combine the characteristics of film noir with those of a pulp fiction graphic novel set in the mid-20th century, and they link conventional live-action documentary segments in which experts describe the potentially deadly phenomena.
3399:(1994) display a relentlessly self-reflexive, sometimes tongue-in-cheek sensibility, similar to the work of the New Wave directors and the Coens. Other films from the era readily identifiable as neo-noir (some retro, some more au courant) include director
707:, tells the story of an alcoholic in a manner evocative of neorealism. It also exemplifies the problem of classification: one of the first American films to be described as a film noir, it has largely disappeared from considerations of the field. Director
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ensured that no film character could literally get away with murder or be seen sharing a bed with anyone but a spouse; within those bounds, however, many films now identified as noir feature plot elements and dialogue that were very risqué for the time.
2996:, it is set in 1930s Los Angeles, an accustomed noir locale nudged back some few years in a way that makes the pivotal loss of innocence in the story even crueler. Where Polanski and Towne raised noir to a black apogee by turning rearward, director
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Scholar Andrew Spicer argues that
British film noir evidences a greater debt to French poetic realism than to the expressionistic American mode of noir. Examples of British noir (sometimes described as "Brit noir") from the classic period include
1249:
The prevalence of the private eye as a lead character declined in film noir of the 1950s, a period during which several critics describe the form as becoming more focused on extreme psychologies and more exaggerated in general. A prime example is
8776:
Aziz, Jamaluddin Bin (2005). "Future Noir", chap. in "Transgressing Women: Investigating Space and the Body in Contemporary Noir Thrillers". Ph.D. dissertation, Department of English and Creative Writing, Lancaster University (chapter available
1095:
noir and the semi-documentary style that later emerged represent two very different tendencies. Narrative structures sometimes involved convoluted flashbacks uncommon in non-noir commercial productions. In terms of content, enforcement of the
467:, the most widely published American critic specializing in film noir studies, refers to film noir as a "cycle" and a "phenomenon", even as he argues that it hasâlike certain genresâa consistent set of visual and thematic codes. Screenwriter
5514:
See, e.g., Biesen (2005), p. 1; Hirsch (2001), p. 9; Lyons (2001), p. 2; Silver and Ward (1992), p. 1; Schatz (1981), p. 112. Outside the field of film noir scholarship, "dark film" is also offered on occasion; see, e.g., Block, Bruce A.,
2869:(1955) in particular, were deeply self-knowing and post-traditional in conception, none tipped its hand so evidently as to be remarked on by American critics at the time. The first major film to overtly work this angle was French director
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The tone of film noir is generally regarded as downbeat; some critics experience it as darker stillâ"overwhelmingly black", according to Robert Ottoson. Influential critic (and filmmaker) Paul Schrader wrote in a seminal 1972 essay that
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shots. Other devices of disorientation relatively common in film noir include shots of people reflected in one or more mirrors, shots through curved or frosted glass or other distorting objects (such as during the strangulation scene in
504:, an artistic movement of the 1910s and 1920s that involved theater, music, photography, painting, sculpture and architecture, as well as cinema. The opportunities offered by the booming Hollywood film industry and then the threat of
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Davis (2004), p. 194. See also Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 133; Ottoson (1981), pp. 110â111. Vernet (1993) notes that the techniques now associated with Expressionism were evident in the American cinema from the mid-1910s (pp.
3571:(1986â88). Mann's output exemplifies a primary strain of neo-noir, or as it is affectionately called, "neon noir", in which classic themes and tropes are revisited in a contemporary setting with an up-to-date visual style and
425:
Others argue that film noir is not a genre. It is often associated with an urban setting, but many classic noirs take place in small towns, suburbia, rural areas, or on the open road; setting is not a determinant, as with the
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the "dark" crime film, taking it to an absurd extreme and then offering a conclusion that manages to mock every possible anticipated endingâtriumphant, tragic, artfully ambivalentâwhile being each, all at once. Flirting with
4081:(1982). Like many classic noirs, the film is set in a version of Los Angeles where it constantly rains. The steam in the foreground is a familiar noir trope, while the "bluish-smoky exterior" updates the black-and-white mode.
4651:(1941), directed by Alfred Hitchcock, in their catalogues of noir; others ignore it. Concerning films made either before or after the classic period, or outside of the United States at any time, consensus is even rarer.
1906:(1953), developed by her company, The Filmakers, with support and distribution by RKO. It is one of the seven classic film noirs produced largely outside of the major studios that have been chosen for the United States
1975:, who had already made a score of films before his 1940 arrival in Hollywood. Working mostly on A features, he made eight films now regarded as classic-era noir (a figure matched only by Lang and Mann). In addition to
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spent most of his Hollywood career working at B studios and once in a while on projects that achieved intermediate status; for the most part, on unmistakable Bs. In 1945, while at PRC, he directed a noir cult classic,
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A manifest affiliation with noir traditionsâwhich, by its nature, allows different sorts of commentary on them to be inferredâcan also provide the basis for explicit critiques of those traditions. In 1973, director
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A number of low- and modestly-budgeted noirs were made by independent, often actor-owned, companies contracting with larger studios for distribution. Serving as producer, writer, director and top-billed performer,
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ranked it as the greatest American film of the 1980s and the fourth greatest of all timeâit tells the story of a boxer's moral self-destruction that recalls in both theme and visual ambiance noir dramas such as
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detective or crime qualifies". The neon-noir, more specifically, seeks to revive noir sensibilities in a more targeted manner of reference, focalizing socio-cultural commentary and a hyper-stylized aesthetic.
5160:'s opinion, "it is as if the war, and the social eruptions in its aftermath, unleashed demons that had been bottled up in the national psyche." Films noir, especially those of the 1950s and the height of the
1015:(1937), both directed by Fritz Lang, are categorized as full-fledged noir in Alain Silver and Elizabeth Ward's film noir encyclopedia, other critics tend to describe them as "proto-noir" or in similar terms.
8251:
Included: Bould (2005), p. 126; Ottoson (1981), p. 174. Ignored: Ballinger and Graydon (2007); Hirsch (2001); Christopher (1998). Also see Silver and Ward (1992): ignored in 1980; included in 1988 (pp. 392,
3202:
novel, demonstrates the opposite tendencyâthe deliberately retro film noir; its tale of corrupt cops and femmes fatale is seemingly lifted straight from a film of 1953, the year in which it is set. Director
380:, films commonly identified as noir evidence a variety of visual approaches, including ones that fit comfortably within the Hollywood mainstream. Film noir similarly embraces a variety of genres, from the
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and fatalism as the basis for its fantastical narrative system, redolent of certain horror stories, but with little precedent in the context of a putatively realistic genre. In their different ways, both
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noir analyst Foster Hirsch describes the "requisite hopeless tone" achieved by the filmmakers, which appears to characterize his view of noir as a whole. On the other hand, definitive film noirs such as
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A French term meaning 'black film', or film of the night, inspired by the Series Noir, a line of cheap paperbacks that translated hard-boiled American crime authors and found a popular audience in France
3886:
of South Korea has been the most prominent director outside of the United States to work regularly in a noir mode in the new millennium. The most commercially successful neo-noir of this period has been
8242:
Treated as noir: Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 34; Hirsch (2001), pp. 59, 163â64, 168. Excluded from canon: Silver and Ward (1992), p. 330. Ignored: Bould (2005); Christopher (1998); Ottoson (1981).
322:
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to its sleaziest and most perversely erotic. Hammer overturns the underworld in search of the 'great whatsit' turns out to beâjoke of jokesâan exploding atomic bomb." Orson Welles's baroquely styled
5223:
The music of film noir was typically orchestral, per the Hollywood norm, but often with added dissonance. Many of the prime composers, like the directors and cameramen, were European émigrés, e.g.,
401:
It is night, always. The hero enters a labyrinth on a quest. He is alone and off balance. He may be desperate, in flight, or coldly calculating, imagining he is the pursuer rather than the pursued.
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2634:(1943), regarded both as one of the great noirs and a seminal film in the development of neorealism. (This was not even the first screen version of Cain's novel, having been preceded by the French
3535:, tells the story of a mystery writer named Philip Marlow; widely considered one of the finest neo-noirs in any medium, some critics rank it among the greatest television productions of all time.
925:(sometimes under the pseudonym George Hopley or William Irish). No writer's published work provided the basis for more noir films of the classic period than Woolrich's: thirteen in all, including
5289:. There is a widespread popular impression that "sleazy" jazz saxophone and pizzicato bass constitute the sound of noir, but those characteristics arose much later, as in the late-1950s music of
651:(1932) demonstrated that there was an audience for crime dramas with morally reprehensible protagonists. An important, possibly influential, cinematic antecedent to classic noir was 1930s French
4685:
Locations that reek of the night, of shadows, of alleys, of the back doors of fancy places, of apartment buildings with a high turnover rate, of taxi drivers and bartenders who have seen it all.
4747:(a term adopted from Renaissance painting). The shadows of Venetian blinds or banister rods, cast upon an actor, a wall, or an entire set, are an iconic visual in noir and had already become a
1724:) each made a series of impressive intermediates, many of them noirs, before graduating to steady work on big-budget productions. Mann did some of his most celebrated work with cinematographer
1688:
of forties film noir". Movies with budgets a step up the ladder, known as "intermediates" by the industry, might be treated as A or B pictures depending on the circumstances. Monogram created
10023:
GarcĂa MartĂn, J. H. (2018). La musicalizaciĂłn diegĂ©tica de la crisis en el cine negro holliwodiense de los años 40. La mĂșsica clĂĄsica como signo del conflicto. Ărea abierta, 18(3), 389-407.
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types conventionally identified with noir, the majority of films in the genre feature neither. Nor does film noir rely on anything as evident as the monstrous or supernatural elements of the
9085:
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2296:
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Cigarettes. Everyone in film noir is always smoking, as if to say, 'On top of everything else, I've been assigned to get through three packs today. The best smoking movie of all time is
422:
argues that these elements are present "in abundance." Hirsch notes that there are unifying features of tone, visual style and narrative sufficient to classify noir as a distinct genre.
7384:
5017:. There is usually an element of drug or alcohol use, particularly as part of the detective's method to solving the crime, as an example the character of Mike Hammer in the 1955 film
10529:
10400:
8128:
7892:
Aziz (2005), section "Future Noir and Postmodernism: The Irony Begins". Ballinger and Graydon note "future noir" synonyms: "'cyber noir' but predominantly 'tech noir'" (p. 242).
6859:
5023:
who walks into a bar saying "Give me a double bourbon, and leave the bottle". Chaumeton and Borde have argued that film noir grew out of the "literature of drugs and alcohol".
522:
to join a characteristically noirish visual style with a noir-type plot, in which the protagonist is a criminal (as are his most successful pursuers). Directors such as Lang,
4529:(1999) sends up not just the noir mode but the entire Hollywood filmmaking process, with each shot seemingly staged as the visual equivalent of an acerbic Marlowe wisecrack.
3748:(2001) continued in his characteristic vein, making the classic noir setting of Los Angeles the venue for a noir-inflected psychological jigsaw puzzle. British-born director
8978:
7722:
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The most American film genre, because no other society could have created a world so full of doom, fate, fear and betrayal, unless it were essentially naive and optimistic."
2573:; 1954). Before leaving for France, Jules Dassin had been obliged by political pressure to shoot his last English-language film of the classic noir period in Great Britain:
1734:(1948), shot by Alton though credited solely to Alfred Werker, directed in large part by Mann, demonstrates their technical mastery and exemplifies the late 1940s trend of "
4655:
instance, critics tend to define the model film noir as having a tragic or bleak conclusion, but many acknowledged classics of the genre have clearly happy endings (e.g.,
1656:
Most of the Hollywood films considered to be classic noirs fall into the category of the B movie. Some were Bs in the most precise sense, produced to run on the bottom of
237:
Cinema historians and critics defined the category retrospectively. Before the notion was widely adopted in the 1970s, many of the classic films noir were referred to as "
230:
in 1946, but was unrecognized by most American film industry professionals of that era. Frank is believed to have been inspired by the French literary publishing imprint
1968:, despite the plans of the production team, was clearly not made on the cheap, though like many other cherished A-budget noirs, it might be said to have a B-movie soul.
1336:, was a B picture directed by a virtual unknown, many of the films noir still remembered were A-list productions by well-known film makers. Debuting as a director with
8157:
2294:
627:(1935), with their hothouse eroticism and baroque visual style anticipated central elements of classic noir. The commercial and critical success of Sternberg's silent
7404:
2695:. Noir crime films and melodramas have been produced in many countries in the post-classic area. Some of these are quintessentially self-aware neo-noirsâfor example,
1520:(1945), was one of the few classic noirs to be officially censored: filled with erotic innuendo, it was temporarily banned in Milwaukee, Atlanta and New York State.
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smoke furiously at each other. At one point, Mitchum enters a room, Douglas extends a pack and says 'Cigarette?' and Mitchum, holding up his hand, says, 'Smoking.'
1900:
established herself as the sole female director in Hollywood during the late 1940s and much of the 1950s. She does not appear in the best-known film she directed,
404:
A woman invariably joins him at a critical juncture, when he is most vulnerable. eventual betrayal of him (or herself) is as ambiguous as her feelings about him.
6742:
3710:
notoriously produced a slew of criticism referring to its âfever-dreamâ aesthetic and âneon-caked explosion of excessâ (Kohn). Another neon-noir endowed with the
3513:(1985â89) paid homage to classic noir while demonstrating an unusual appreciation of the sense of humor often found in the original cycle. Between 1983 and 1989,
10191:(Johns Hopkins University Press; 2013) 336 pages; interprets film noir as a genre that challenges the American mythology of upward mobility and self-reinvention.
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7367:
3758:(1998), was an overt homage to classic noir. During the new century's first decade, he was one of the leading Hollywood directors of neo-noir with the acclaimed
10401:
8053:
4267:
film trilogy, contains an anime short film in classic noir style titled "A Detective Story". Anime television series with science fiction noir themes include
2295:
8597:
Schrader (1972), p. 54 . For characterization of definitive tone as "hopeless", see pp. 53 ("the tone more hopeless") and 57 ("a fatalistic, hopeless mood").
7496:
4477:
production, it may qualify as the first intentional example of what is now called a neo-noir film; it was likely a source of inspiration for both Melville's
1400:
presentation. Among Hollywood's most celebrated directors of the era, arguably none worked more often in a noir mode than Preminger; his other noirs include
346:, strange, erotic, ambivalent, and cruel ..."âthis set of attributes constitutes the first of many attempts to define film noir made by French critics
9395:
8534:
See, e.g., Naremore (2008), p. 37, on the development of this viewpoint, and p. 103, on contributors to Silver and Ward encyclopedia; Ottoson (1981), p. 1.
6144:
See, e.g., Hirsch (2001), pp. 10, 202â7; Silver and Ward (1992), p. 6 (though they phrase their position more ambiguously on p. 398); Ottoson (1981), p. 1.
1565:, who had an "inside/outside" contract with Universal similar to Wanger's. Years earlier, working at Warner Bros., Hellinger had produced three films for
6376:) (pp. 173â74, 164â65). Silver and Ward list nine classic-era film noirs by Lang, plus two from the 1930s (pp. 338, 396). Ottoson lists eight (excluding
4981:
bitterness". Certain archetypal characters appear in many film noirsâhardboiled detectives, femme fatales, corrupt policemen, jealous husbands, intrepid
342:
The question of what defines film noir and what sort of category it is, provokes continuing debate. "We'd be oversimplifying things in calling film noir
7662:
3867:, who published his first stories back in the 1920s. The film plays with an awareness not only of classic noir but also of neo-noir reflexivity itself.
5459:(2005), Rakesh Chopra notes that the high-contrast film lighting schemes commonly referred to as "chiaroscuro" are more specifically representative of
5285:
is a seminal score, initially disliked by Paramount's music director for its harshness but strongly endorsed by director Billy Wilder and studio chief
4911:
are tales told by dead men. Latter-day noir has been in the forefront of structural experimentation in popular cinema, as exemplified by such films as
3949:(2005), featuring present-day high schoolers speaking a version of 1930s hardboiled argot, won the Special Jury Prize for Originality of Vision at the
9243:
7335:
2820:. Incidents that occurred during the war as well as those post-war functioned as an inspiration for a "Cold War Noir" subgenre. The television series
1605:(1951) had A-list stars and are seen as important examples of the cycle. Other directors associated with top-of-the-bill Hollywood films noir include
5551:
4593:
3522:
508:
led to the emigration of many film artists working in Germany who had been involved in the Expressionist movement or studied with its practitioners.
8225:
Silver and Ward (1992) list 315 classic films noir (passim), and Tuska (1984) lists 320 (passim). Later works are much more inclusive: Paul Duncan,
7059:
3302:(1996), the latter considered by some a supreme work in the neo-noir mode. The Coens cross noir with other generic traditions in the gangster drama
6153:
See, e.g., entries on individual films in Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 34, 190â92; Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 214â15; 253â54, 269â70, 318â19.
8778:
7744:
4445:"Loneliness has followed me my whole life, everywhere. In bars, in cars, sidewalks, stores, everywhere. There's no escape. I'm God's lonely man."
3181:. The film also demonstrates how neo-noir's polychrome palette can reproduce many of the expressionistic effects of classic black-and-white noir.
2947:
fashion: Philip Marlowe, the prototypical hardboiled detective, is replayed as a hapless misfit, almost laughably out of touch with contemporary
347:
7589:
4645:(1955), starring Robert Mitchum in an acclaimed performance, is treated as a film noir by some critics, but not by others. Some critics include
2951:
and morality. Where Altman's subversion of the film noir mythos was so irreverent as to outrage some contemporary critics, around the same time
2354:
experienced a vibrant film noir period from roughly 1946 to 1952, which was around the same time film noir was blossoming in the United States.
1178:
nominations made it probably the most influential of the early noirs. A slew of now-renowned noir "bad girls" followed, such as those played by
10930:
10551:
8300:
7687:
4609:
4602:
have parodied both film noir and the kindred hardboiled traditionâone of the sources from which film noir sprang and which it now overshadows.
2883:; 1960), which pays its literal respects to Bogart and his crime films while brandishing a bold new style for a new day. In the United States,
9849:
7810:
7381:
6180:
For overview of Welles's noirs, see, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 210â11. For specific production circumstances, see Brady, Frank,
4300:, her creator Nathan embodying the abusive husband or father trope, and her would-be rescuer Caleb as a "clueless drifter" enthralled by Ava.
758:
7240:
Dueck, Cheryl. (November 2016) 'Secret Police in Style: The Aesthetics of Remembering Socialism'. A Journal of Germanic Studies, Volume 52:4
7157:
6578:
5031:, set at a chemical plant. In the popular (and, frequently enough, critical) imagination, in noir it is always night and it always raining.
2719:(2005; Argentina). Others simply share narrative elements and a version of the hardboiled sensibility associated with classic noir, such as
1174:, who had built her extraordinary career playing such characters for Sternberg. An A-level feature, the film's commercial success and seven
13326:
7636:
7121:
1836:
8516:
Bould (2005), p. 18, on the critical establishment of this iconography, as well as p. 35; Hirsch (2001), p. 213; Christopher (1998), p. 7.
2019:, in one of his many charismatic villain roles; and Lancaster as an ordinary laborer turned armed robber, doomed by a romantic obsession.
1587:(1941), now regarded as a seminal work in noir's development. Walsh had no great name during his half-century as a director but his noirs
8187:
6672:
396:âany example of which from the 1940s and 1950s, now seen as noir's classical era, was likely to be described as a melodrama at the time.
7781:
3711:
7550:
7457:
6847:
5494:
3053:(1975). Some of the strongest 1970s noirs, in fact, were unwinking remakes of the classics, "neo" mostly by default: the heartbreaking
1194:
825:
8120:
7837:
6716:
669:(1932), a forerunner of noir. Among films not considered noir, perhaps none had a greater effect on the development of the genre than
12074:
8699:
7712:
6788:(1955). For a latter-day analysis of the film's self-consciousness, see Naremore (2008), pp. 151â55. See also Kolker (2000), p. 364.
12862:
10563:
2863:
to be revived, rejected, or reimagined. These efforts typify what came to be known as neo-noir. Though several late classic noirs,
10574:
6448:
3965:(2014) also brought a youth-oriented twist to film noir. Examples of this sort of generic crossover have been dubbed "teen noir".
1760:(1945) cost $ 117,000 to make when the biggest Hollywood studios spent around $ 600,000 on the average feature. Produced at small
10920:
10915:
10651:
7254:
3734:
2859:
In a different vein, films began to appear that self-consciously acknowledged the conventions of classic film noir as historical
2813:
2579:(1950). Though it was conceived in the United States and was not only directed by an American but also stars two American actorsâ
8321:
See Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 31, on general issue. Christopher (1998) and Silver and Ward (1992), for instance, include
8006:
12261:
10542:
10506:
10491:
7425:
785:
10526:
10517:
1804:, disguised by a frontâfeatures a bank hold-up sequence shown in an unbroken take of over three minutes that was influential.
873:
in 1939, soon became the most famous author of the hardboiled school. Not only were Chandler's novels turned into major noirsâ
10969:
10343:
10329:
10315:
10301:
10287:
10273:
10259:
10245:
10231:
10217:
10203:
10182:
10168:
10154:
10140:
10122:
10108:
10094:
10080:
10066:
10052:
10038:
10018:
10004:
9990:
9976:
9962:
9948:
9925:
9911:
9879:
9802:
9788:
9763:
9749:
9735:
9721:
9706:
9694:
9643:
9629:
9601:
9587:
9573:
9559:
9545:
9531:
9491:
9473:
9459:
9445:
9431:
9414:
9361:
9322:
9308:
9294:
9280:
9230:
9216:
9202:
9184:
9149:
9135:
9118:
9104:
9072:
9058:
9011:
8997:
8965:
8948:
8934:
8920:
8906:
8892:
8878:
8864:
8846:
8832:
8818:
8793:
8771:
8757:
6378:
5763:
4713:
cops, knowing a lot of people whose descriptions end in 'ies,' such as bookies, newsies, junkies, alkys, jockeys and cabbies.
8149:
3631:, often featuring scenes set in underground city haunts: brothels, nightclubs, casinos, strip bars, pawnshops, laundromats.
921:". For much of the 1940s, one of the most prolific and successful authors of this often downbeat brand of suspense tale was
11722:
11511:
10624:
7903:
7400:
4604:
4152:, which pays evocative homage to the classic noir mode (Scott subsequently directed the poignant 1987 noir crime melodrama
2780:
561:
543:
By 1931, Curtiz had already been in Hollywood for half a decade, making as many as six films a year. Movies of his such as
226:, French for 'black film' (literal) or 'dark film' (closer meaning), was first applied to Hollywood films by French critic
7521:
13547:
10910:
10905:
7310:
3023:
Hill was already a central figure in 1970s noir of a more straightforward manner, having written the script for director
1824:) tell stories of vice organized on a monstrous scale. The work of other directors in this tier of the industry, such as
1689:
1510:
1504:(1958), an unmistakably personal work, were funded at levels lower but still commensurate with headlining releases. Like
6392:; 1949), set during the French Revolution, for a total of eight (passim). See also Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 241.
5958:
633:(1927) was largely responsible for spurring a trend of Hollywood gangster films. Successful films in that genre such as
13309:
12079:
7955:
7357:
6746:
7500:
7275:
6607:
Spicer (2007), pp. 16, 91â94, 96, 100; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 144, 249â55; Lyons (2000), p. 74, 81, 114â15.
6023:
Silver and Ward (1992), p. 333, as well as entries on individual films, pp. 59â60, 109â10, 320â21. For description of
4107:(1973), the first major American example, portrays a dystopian, near-future world via a noir detection plot; starring
3263:'s noir-related work. His work on this track typifies a "modern noir" style, which the director explicitly sought for
2438:
1983:'s debut and a Hellinger/Universal co-production, Siodmak's other important contributions to the genre include 1944's
10925:
10900:
10479:
9382:
9082:
8671:
8646:
5777:
5649:
2153:
1532:, was the second biggest shareholder. Lang, Bennett and her husband, the Universal veteran and Diana production head
665:
9486:, ed. Robert Stam and Alessandra Raengo, pp. 258â77. Maiden, Mass., Oxford, and Carlton, Australia: Blackwell.
3112:(1992). Her diabolic nature is underscored by an "extra-lurid visual code", as in the notorious interrogation scene.
2808:, all treat the theme of mental dispossession within stylistic and tonal frameworks derived from classic film noir.
8049:
7977:
6372:
6051:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 19; Irwin (2006), p. 210; Lyons (2000), p. 36; Porfirio (1980), p. 269.
3332:
combines film noir tropes with scenarios driven by disturbed characters such as the sociopathic criminal played by
623:
472:
or simply a chosen set of films they regard as belonging to the noir "canon." There is no consensus on the matter.
245:
or whether it should be considered a filmmaking style is a matter of ongoing and heavy debate among film scholars.
10594:
3167:(1992). Few neo-noirs have made more money or more wittily updated the tradition of the noir double entendre than
2929:) directed films that knowingly related themselves to the original films noir, inviting audiences in on the game.
12426:
11506:
9392:
9159:
6942:
4584:
4575:
4247:
4154:
3065:
1761:
1673:
1149:
9827:
6364:
See, e.g., Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 338â39. Ottoson (1981) also lists two period pieces directed by Siodmak (
3738:(2001); a black-and-white crime melodrama set in 1949; it features a scene apparently staged to mirror one from
2412:
2308:
1964:, both of whom were blacklisted in the 1950s. Independent production usually meant restricted circumstances but
534:
brought a dramatically shadowed lighting style and a psychologically expressive approach to visual composition (
13289:
11635:
11446:
7745:"'Game Of Thrones' Star Aidan Gillen To Front Genre-Bending Discovery Cosmology Series 'Killers Of The Cosmos'"
5174:
4857:
4641:
4560:
as a private eye; the sketches refer to some of the typical motifs of noir films, in particular the voiceover.
4241:
3525:
and several stand-alone television films (an unsuccessful revival followed in 1997â98). The British miniseries
3456:
2957:
2681:
filmsâthe term often applied to films that consciously refer back to the classic noir traditionâwas the French
2236:
2048:
1768:
Several directors associated with noir built well-respected oeuvres largely at the B-movie/intermediate level.
1414:
1338:
1220:
1121:
1011:
801:
605:
9773:
7186:
6382:), plus the same two from the 1930s (passim). Silver and Ward list seven by Mann (p. 338). Ottoson also lists
4582:'s Nick Danger has trodden the same not-so-mean streets, both on radio and in comedy albums. Cartoons such as
4142:
genre of science fiction that emerged in the early 1980s; the film most directly influential on cyberpunk was
1152:
of questionable virtueâa focus that had become rare in Hollywood films after the mid-1930s and the end of the
1076:
mind flashed across the screen in a panting display of psychoneurosis, unsublimated sex and murder most foul.
13045:
12772:
12389:
11697:
11241:
11064:
7658:
6827:
Kolker (2000), pp. 344, 363â73; Naremore (2008), pp. 203â5; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 36, 39, 130â33.
4865:
notes that third-person narration is common among noirs of the semidocumentary style. Neo-noirs as varied as
3358:
2822:
1090:
Most film noirs of the classic period were similarly low- and modestly-budgeted features without major starsâ
939:
591:
8474:
See, e.g., Hirsch (2001), pp. 128, 150, 160, 213; Christopher (1998), pp. 4, 32, 75, 83, 116, 118, 128, 155.
5215:
itself are famed for their hardboiled repartee, often imbued with sexual innuendo and self-reflexive humor.
1466:(1952), noted for their unusually sympathetic treatment of characters alienated from the social mainstream.
1218:(1947). The iconic noir counterpart to the femme fatale, the private eye, came to the fore in films such as
13428:
12660:
12635:
11486:
11466:
9240:
7331:
6428:
See Palmer (2004), pp. 267â68, for a representative discussion of film noir as an international phenomenon.
4969:
Films noir tend to revolve around heroes who are more flawed and morally questionable than the norm, often
4766:
4406:
3925:
3567:
3544:
3383:
Perhaps no American neo-noirs better reflect the classic noir B movie spirit than those of director-writer
3083:(1974â75), featuring a Chicago newspaper reporter investigating strange, usually supernatural occurrences.
1680:
had made over thirty Hollywood Bs (a few now highly regarded, most forgotten) before directing the A-level
831:
255:
5543:
3905:(credited as the film's codirector), which are in turn openly indebted to the works of Spillane and other
1808:
was shot by John Alton and took the shadowy noir style to its outer limits. The most distinctive films of
1444:(1951), noirs that were not so much crime dramas as satires on Hollywood and the news media respectively.
188:
attitudes and motivations. The 1940s and 1950s are generally regarded as the "classic period" of American
13190:
12762:
12315:
12180:
11869:
11197:
10644:
7211:
7067:
4473:, is a deadpan joke on noir, with a denouement as bleak as any of the films it kids. An ultra-low-budget
1885:
1440:
1376:
1020:
913:
248:
Film noir encompasses a range of plots; common archetypical protagonists include a private investigator (
201:
178:
96:
6108:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 30; Hirsch (2001), pp. 12, 202; Schrader (1972), pp. 59â61 .
861:
has a claim to being the first major film noir; both its style and story had many noir characteristics.
13200:
12807:
12650:
11295:
10450:
7380:
Kohn, Eric.'From 'Trance' to 'Spring Breakers,' Is This the Golden Age of Film Noir?'. March 23, 2016.
5626:
Neale (2000), p. 166; Vernet (1993), p. 2; Naremore (2008), pp. 17, 122, 124, 140; Bould (2005), p. 19.
5442:
was originally directed by John Farrow, then largely reshot under Richard Fleischer after studio owner
4955:
By the late 1940s, the noir trend was leaving its mark on other genres. A prime example is the Western
4547:
3872:
3079:
1785:
1589:
17:
7597:
3627:, and identity as confused and anxious, neon-noirs reposition the contemporary noir in the setting of
1148:
Thematically, films noir were most exceptional for the relative frequency with which they centered on
13577:
13210:
12767:
12722:
12630:
12008:
11451:
11411:
10962:
10720:
10436:
7083:, see Tyree and Walters (2007), pp. 40, 43â44, 48, 51, 65, 111; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 237.
6090:
Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 4, 19â26, 28â33; Hirsch (2001), pp. 1â21; Schatz (1981), pp. 111â16.
5422:
5229:
5147:
4889:
4354:(1953). Two RKO productions starring Robert Mitchum take film noir over the border into self-parody:
4097:
3129:
2943:. Based on the novel by Raymond Chandler, it features one of Bogart's most famous characters, but in
2487:
2104:
1649:
1643:
1633:
887:
807:
581:
545:
377:
250:
9955:
Hollywood Genres and Postwar America: Masculinity, Family and Nation in Popular Movies and Film Noir
8570:
See, e.g., Naremore (2008), p. 163, on critical claims of moral ambiguity; Lyons (2000), pp. 14, 32.
8290:
7677:
7358:"'Spring Breakers' Is A 'Fever Dream'; Or, The Most Common Description Of Harmony Korine's New Film"
13557:
12712:
11732:
11727:
11595:
11436:
11059:
10757:
10730:
10682:
10602:
9846:
7802:
6541:
5338:
4566:
4350:
3842:
3509:
3471:
3194:
3049:
3020:, a chase film as might have been imagined by Jean-Pierre Melville in an especially abstract mood.
2664:
1985:
1698:
1601:
1494:
1402:
841:
723:
331:
12777:
8353:
in his filmography, but not the other two. Ottoson (1981) includes none of the three in his canon.
5401:
4973:
of one sort or another. The characteristic protagonists of noir are described by many critics as "
4338:(1947), playing a baby-photographer who is mistaken for an ironfisted detective. In 1947 as well,
4209:, has been described as a "film noir in bruise tones". The hero is the target of investigation in
3213:(1995) with a film that developed into a cult favorite after its original, disappointing release:
2480:, contains many cinematographic and narrative elements associated with classic American film noir.
1066:] to hold attention. It's a film too arty for average audiences, and too humdrum for others."
12702:
12580:
12032:
11836:
11039:
11010:
9077:
Greenspun, Roger (1973). "Mike Hodges's 'Pulp' Opens; A Private Eye Parody Is Parody of Itself",
7161:
7017:
6366:
5706:
See Dancyger and Rush (2002), p. 68, for a detailed comparison of screwball comedy and film noir.
5343:
5271:
5249:
5082:
5058:
4489:
4434:
4188:
3980:
3744:
3441:
3151:
3123:
3029:
3011:
2939:
2909:
2544:
2497:
2208:
2111:
2003:
1830:
1551:
1434:
1261:
1204:
927:
839:). A decade before the classic era, a story by Hammett was the source for the gangster melodrama
695:
617:
185:
10610:
7628:
7117:
5194:
is defined by tone", a tone he seems to perceive as "hopeless". In describing the adaptation of
3784:
1784:(1961) earned him a unique reputation; his advocates praise him as "primitive" and "barbarous".
1486:
Orson Welles had notorious problems with financing but his three film noirs were well-budgeted:
13572:
13567:
13562:
12974:
12922:
12787:
12508:
12300:
12109:
11981:
11814:
11717:
11702:
11496:
11384:
10725:
10637:
6974:
Viva la Repartee: Clever Comebacks and Witty Retorts from History's Great Wits & Wordsmiths
6880:
Kolker (2000), pp. 207â44; Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 282â83; Naremore (1998), pp. 34â37, 192.
6384:
5641:
4772:
4263:
4176:
3950:
3055:
2895:
2839:
2800:
2683:
2380:
2250:
2132:
2030:
1938:
1907:
1774:
1704:
1538:
1488:
1478:
1420:
1042:
in several other formative American noirs.) Although modestly budgeted, at the high end of the
629:
266:
9006:, 2d ed., ed. Yoram Allon, Del Cullen, and Hannah Patterson. London and New York: Wallflower.
8179:
6679:
6401:
Clarens (1980), pp. 200â2; Walker (1992), pp. 139â45; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 77â79.
5608:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 4; Bould (2005), p. 12; Place and Peterson (1974).
3445:(1994); and many more, including adaptations of the work of other major noir fiction writers:
3290:
have created one of the most extensive oeuvres influenced by classic noir, with films such as
999:
The 1940s and 1950s are generally regarded as the classic period of American film noir. While
13158:
12717:
12359:
12249:
11906:
10687:
9225:, 2d ed., ed. Yoram Allon, Del Cullen, and Hannah Patterson, pp. xviâxx. London: Wallflower.
7773:
4899:
4894:
4647:
4519:
and a gross exaggeration of classic noir. Adapted by director Robinson Devor from a novel by
4170:
4038:
3990:
3527:
3157:
3034:
2988:
2774:
2697:
2464:" allowed audience for an anti-ableist reading which challenged stereotypes of disability. .
2396:
2385:
2287:
2243:
2118:
2076:
1943:
1814:
1408:
1370:
964:
819:
795:
741:
567:
458:
343:
13195:
10615:
10470:
7465:
6229:
See, e.g., entries on individual films in Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 97â98, 125â26, 311â12.
5897:
Spicer (2007), pp. 26, 28; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 13â15; Bould (2005), pp. 33â40.
5486:
4880:
Bold experiments in cinematic storytelling were sometimes attempted during the classic era:
4574:, a hardboiled detective whose adventures always wander into farce (Guy also appears in the
1621:(1947))âthe first important noir director to fall prey to the industry blacklistâas well as
1469:
1116:, features many of the genre's hallmarks: a cynical private detective as the protagonist, a
1060:
magazine found Ingster's work: "...too studied and when original, lacks the flare [
13552:
13511:
13408:
13304:
12967:
12670:
12535:
12347:
12281:
11692:
11629:
11624:
11501:
11315:
11268:
11150:
11101:
11000:
10955:
10895:
10432:
8975:
7831:
6720:
5157:
5106:
5094:
4334:
4223:
4047:
4010:
3995:
3766:
3497:
3491:
3429:
3373:
3304:
3135:
2727:
2709:
2460:
2421:
1859:
1720:
1577:
647:
635:
551:
501:
447:
431:
409:
207:. Many of the prototypical stories and attitudes expressed in classic noir derive from the
8988:
Davis, Blair (2004). "Horror Meets Noir: The Evolution of Cinematic Style, 1931â1958", in
6661:
Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 253, 255, 263â64, 266, 267, 270â74; Abbas (1997), p. 34.
4709:
sprawling dead on the floor with every limb meticulously arranged and every hair in place.
4438:(1988) develops a noir plot set in 1940s Los Angeles around a host of cartoon characters.
2875:
2766:
While it is hard to draw a line between some of the noir films of the early 1960s such as
2688:
2374:
8:
13014:
12887:
12872:
12737:
12640:
12575:
12271:
12232:
12104:
12089:
11916:
11675:
11481:
11456:
11421:
11374:
10784:
8695:
7542:
5086:(1964). The tendency was at its peak during the late 1980s and 1990s, with films such as
5048:
4844:
4760:
4754:
4382:
4344:
4125:
4095:(1965), Lemmy Caution is the name of the old-school private eye in the city of tomorrow.
4020:
3859:
3706:
was celebrated for âshak(ing) the ingredients (of the noir) like colored sand in a jarâ,
3658:
3611:
neon-noir films present the themes of urban decay, consumerist decadence and capitalism,
3435:
3344:
3287:
3265:
2703:
2636:
2507:
2363:
1947:
1571:
1546:
1462:
1260:, the best-selling of all the hardboiled authors, here the protagonist is a private eye,
1070:
was not recognized as the beginning of a trend, let alone a new genre, for many decades.
881:
659:
attitude and celebration of doomed heroes. The movement's sensibility is mirrored in the
612:
393:
75:: 1940s and 1950s; earlier films are often referred to as proto-noirs and later films as
10629:
10560:
8687:
7774:"Killer of the Cosmos : Programs : Science Channel : Discovery Press Web"
7424:
Arnett, Robert (October 2006) Eighties Noir: The Dissenting Voice in Reagan's America'.
4682:
A movie which at no time misleads you into thinking there is going to be a happy ending.
4138:
The cynical and stylized perspective of classic film noir had a formative effect on the
2826:(1963â67) brought classic noir themes and mood to the small screen for an extended run.
1054:, US$ 56,000 (equivalent to $ 1,217,900 in 2023), almost a third of its total cost.
485:
13542:
13418:
13338:
13262:
13148:
13138:
13040:
12932:
12912:
12812:
12792:
12560:
12488:
12394:
12379:
12310:
12015:
11951:
11809:
11789:
11680:
11330:
11251:
11185:
11175:
11138:
10831:
10747:
10571:
10417:
9478:
Palmer, R. Barton (2004). "The Sociological Turn of Adaptation Studies: The Example of
9111:
My Name's Friday: The Unauthorized But True Story of Dragnet and the Films of Jack Webb
8561:
See, e.g., Muller (1998), p. 81, on analyses of the film; Silver and Ward (1992), p. 2.
7950:
6570:
6521:
6099:
See, e.g., Naremore (2008), pp. 81, 319 n. 13; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 86â88.
5277:
5255:
5053:
4944:
is fairly epidemicâ"noir's version of the common cold", in the words of film historian
4885:
4849:
4539:
4465:
4202:
3897:
in extravagantly stylized black and white with splashes of color. The film is based on
3878:
3817:
3702:(2013) have been especially noted for their neon-infused rendering of film noir; while
3698:
3652:
3417:
3368:
3338:
3256:
2851:'s screen persona. Here he imitates a characteristic Bogart gesture, one of the film's
2834:
2785:
2658:
2575:
2531:
2516:
2502:
2201:
2187:
2090:
1928:
1847:
1756:
1730:
1583:
1456:
1354:
1153:
1056:
982:
970:
947:
686:
298:
276:
106:
9375:
Mean Streets and Raging Bulls: The Legacy of Film Noir in Contemporary American Cinema
8711:
Inflected Form(s): plural film noirs \-'nwÀr(z)\ or films noir or films noirs \-'nwÀr\
7250:
5724:
Silver (1996), pp. 4, 6 passim. See also Bould (2005), pp. 3, 4; Hirsch (2001), p. 11.
5532:
Naremore (2008), pp. 4, 15â16, 18, 41; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 4â5, 22, 255.
4050:
who takes on "cases" in which he "hunts down" lethal threats to humanity posed by the
2342:
1728:, a specialist in what James Naremore called "hypnotic moments of light-in-darkness".
1549:, Jules Dassin made two classic noirs that also straddled the major/independent line:
13517:
13468:
13257:
13180:
13030:
12984:
12957:
12952:
12942:
12857:
12817:
12595:
12483:
12473:
12399:
12327:
12207:
12052:
12047:
11976:
11931:
11894:
11831:
11819:
11737:
11685:
11619:
11614:
11590:
11558:
11290:
11285:
11034:
10849:
10806:
10715:
10660:
10339:
10325:
10311:
10297:
10283:
10269:
10255:
10241:
10227:
10213:
10199:
10178:
10164:
10150:
10136:
10118:
10104:
10090:
10076:
10062:
10048:
10034:
10014:
10000:
9986:
9972:
9958:
9944:
9921:
9907:
9875:
9798:
9784:
9759:
9745:
9731:
9717:
9702:
9690:
9639:
9625:
9597:
9583:
9569:
9555:
9541:
9527:
9487:
9469:
9455:
9441:
9427:
9410:
9378:
9357:
9318:
9304:
9290:
9276:
9226:
9212:
9198:
9180:
9145:
9131:
9114:
9100:
9068:
9054:
9007:
8993:
8961:
8944:
8930:
8916:
8902:
8888:
8874:
8860:
8842:
8828:
8814:
8789:
8767:
8753:
8667:
8642:
8295:
8002:
6574:
6562:
6525:
6513:
6126:
See, e.g., Silver (1996), p. 11; Ottoson (1981), pp. 182â183; Schrader (1972), p. 61.
5915:
Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 20; Schatz (1981), pp. 116â22; Ottoson (1981), p. 2.
5769:
5759:
5655:
5645:
5333:
5238:
4974:
4811:
4740:
4598:
4520:
4474:
4396:
4371:
4366:
4314:
4284:
4197:
4131:
4120:
4091:
4000:
3915:
3823:
3793:
3779:
3749:
3619:
in the contemporary culture, not only in America, but the globalized world at large.
3616:
3600:
3588:
3503:
3466:
3384:
3298:
3209:
3099:
3039:
2972:
2967:
2852:
2670:
2332:
2194:
2062:
2055:
1991:
1865:
1820:
1780:
1735:
1669:
1525:
1514:(1944) was a production of the independent International Pictures. Lang's follow-up,
1446:
1392:
1364:
1317:
1304:
976:
762:
693:
authenticity, was an acknowledged influence on trends that emerged in American noir.
589:. The Universal horror film that comes closest to noir, in story and sensibility, is
556:
385:
31:
12692:
10503:
10485:
3595:. Other characteristics include the use of highly stylized lighting techniques such
2778:(1962) and the noirs of the late 1950s, new trends emerged in the post-classic era.
1313:
13488:
13478:
13388:
13316:
13299:
13294:
13215:
13143:
13009:
13004:
12994:
12989:
12937:
12877:
12847:
12802:
12665:
12565:
12478:
12441:
12146:
12094:
12020:
11961:
11874:
11670:
11663:
11553:
11426:
11278:
11263:
11227:
11212:
11145:
11116:
11096:
11005:
10854:
10821:
10514:
8731:
Server (2002), pp. 182â98, 209â16; Downs (2002), p. 171; Ottoson (1981), pp. 82â83.
8498:
See, e.g., Hirsch (2001), p. 17; Christopher (1998), p. 17; Telotte (1989), p. 148.
7717:
6554:
6505:
5306:
5265:
5243:
5088:
4961:(1947), filled with psychosexual tensions and behavioral explanations derived from
4937:
4835:
4736:
4723:
Relationships in which love is only the final flop card in the poker game of death.
4631:
4579:
4561:
4525:
4231:, is an explicit homage to classic noir, in this case involving speculations about
3930:
3894:
3811:
3555:
3363:
3320:
2768:
2652:
2621:
2605:. Set in Vienna immediately after World War II, it also stars two American actors,
2588:
2472:
2083:
2069:
1957:
1853:
1744:
1739:
1677:
1617:
1611:
1397:
1359:
1348:
1234:
1171:
1163:
1158:
1113:
1005:
933:
922:
893:
875:
864:
846:
813:
770:
746:
641:
523:
489:
468:
373:
352:
271:
216:
193:
151:
10620:
10482:
writings by John Blaser, with film noir glossary, timeline, and noir-related media
10224:
It's a Bitter Little World: The Smartest, Toughest, Nastiest Quotes from Film Noir
8150:"Charlie is his own film noir hero in tonight's killer It's Always Sunny pastiche"
4348:, which had a similar mistaken-identity plot; they spoofed the genre once more in
536:
13438:
13363:
13353:
13348:
13333:
13242:
13185:
13084:
12979:
12897:
12892:
12822:
12757:
12677:
12550:
12545:
12518:
12414:
12212:
12175:
12121:
12114:
12067:
11941:
11911:
11824:
11784:
11779:
11712:
11658:
11643:
11563:
11538:
11533:
11471:
11389:
11379:
11340:
11256:
11180:
11106:
10774:
10664:
10598:
10586:
10578:
10567:
10533:
10521:
10510:
10495:
10363:
Maltese Falcons, Third Men & Touches of Evil-The Sound of Film Noir 1941â1950
9853:
9399:
9247:
9166:
9089:
9016:
8982:
7401:"Reza Sixo Safai on his Film "The Persian Connection" â American Iranian Council"
7388:
6855:
5954:
5413:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5138:
4982:
4803:
4790:
4717:
4690:
4557:
4429:
4339:
4324:
4293:
4232:
4217:
4115:), it also features classic noir standbys Joseph Cotten, Edward G. Robinson, and
4108:
4086:
4033:
3974:
3889:
3688:
3514:
3225:
mix of noir aesthetic, perverse comedy, speculative content, and satiric intent.
3146:
2997:
2915:
2900:
2870:
2848:
2733:
2580:
2565:
2521:
2450:
2426:
2337:
2215:
2125:
2012:
1997:
1902:
1627:
1325:
1257:
1225:
1214:
1108:
1096:
1039:
907:
690:
540:) with them to Hollywood, where they made some of the most famous classic noirs.
439:
427:
197:
173:
125:
13072:
10460:
9807:
Ursini, James (1995). "Angst at Sixty Fields per Second", in Silver and Ursini,
9554:, ed. Mark T. Conard, pp. 91â106. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
7911:
4101:(1972) centers on another implacable investigator and an amnesiac named Welles.
3720:, expressly linked to Lynchian aesthetics as a neon-drenched contemporary noir.
2347:
1933:
1396:(1944) made his name and helped demonstrate noir's adaptability to a high-gloss
13423:
13393:
13373:
13235:
13220:
13165:
13123:
12962:
12917:
12907:
12882:
12837:
12827:
12605:
12585:
12555:
12540:
12498:
12463:
12421:
12409:
12404:
12197:
12168:
12057:
12042:
11986:
11841:
11799:
11310:
11126:
11017:
10767:
10456:
9154:
Holden, Stephen (1999). "Hard-Boiled as a Two-Day-Old Egg at a Two-Bit Diner",
7517:
7513:
7022:
6488:
5353:
5166:
5019:
4978:
4962:
4856:
Films noir tend to have unusually convoluted story lines, frequently involving
4839:
4819:
4786:
4778:
4695:
4626:
4534:
4516:
4501:
4446:
4416:
4411:
4376:
4159:
3910:
3883:
3864:
3760:
3683:
3663:
3612:
3485:
3476:
3389:
3174:
3169:
3163:
3108:
3044:
2983:
2962:
2920:
2865:
2805:
2790:
2721:
2641:
2540:
2526:
2512:
2477:
2407:
2390:
2229:
2146:
1980:
1972:
1915:
1891:
1841:
1825:
1657:
1622:
1606:
1562:
1557:
1516:
1387:
1321:
1269:
1252:
1243:
1175:
1137:
750:
718:
713:
652:
586:
572:
531:
527:
389:
303:
204:
101:
56:
13279:
13077:
12369:
7300:
6509:
6328:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 83â85; Ottoson (1981), pp. 60â61.
5942:
Krutnik, Neale, and Neve (2008), pp. 147â148; Macek and Silver (1980), p. 135.
4842:
were two of the most prolific stars of classic noir. The complex structure of
2955:
was paying affectionate, at points idolatrous homage to the classic mode with
2444:
231:
63:, is sometimes credited as the creator of many of film noir's stylized images.
13536:
13398:
13378:
12927:
12867:
12852:
12742:
12687:
12682:
12655:
12625:
12590:
12431:
12384:
12374:
12337:
12305:
12295:
12286:
12256:
12126:
12062:
12003:
11998:
11936:
11901:
11846:
11804:
11774:
11764:
11757:
11573:
11521:
11491:
11476:
11431:
11416:
11335:
11202:
11155:
11121:
11081:
11049:
11022:
10668:
9606:
9123:
6566:
6517:
5773:
5443:
5328:
5295:
5290:
5286:
5142:
5112:
4807:
4552:
4506:
4470:
4356:
4319:
4257:
4206:
4103:
4085:
In the post-classic era, a significant trend in noir crossovers has involved
4072:
3961:
3955:
3935:
3906:
3837:
3673:
3576:
3532:
3411:
3405:
3333:
3314:
3204:
3189:
3178:
3024:
3001:
2934:
2795:
2646:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2549:
2536:
2492:
2257:
2171:
2139:
2039:
1961:
1952:
1879:
1801:
1796:
1769:
1661:
1533:
1500:
1473:
1382:
1278:
1265:
1179:
1038:âwas top-billed, although he did not play the primary lead. (He later played
1034:
1025:
869:
811:(1942) were based on novels by Hammett; Cain's novels provided the basis for
790:
780:
766:
727:(1945), which demonstrated the parallel influence of the cinematic newsreel.
600:
510:
212:
51:
12707:
9440:, 2d ed. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press.
9209:
Unless the Threat of Death is Behind Them: Hard-Boiled Fiction and Film Noir
8970:
Dargis, Manohla (2004). "Philosophizing Sex Dolls amid Film Noir Intrigue",
6938:
6437:
Spicer (2007), pp. 5â6, 26, 28, 59; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 14â15.
5659:
2591:'s British subsidiary. The most famous of classic British noirs is director
13269:
13252:
13205:
13055:
12999:
12530:
12525:
12456:
12332:
12276:
12227:
12202:
12190:
11921:
11653:
11648:
11585:
11548:
11526:
11516:
11394:
11325:
11305:
11207:
11165:
11071:
11054:
10864:
10791:
10779:
10735:
10605:
10582:
10499:
9675:
9419:
8953:
8745:
8543:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 4; Christopher (1998), pp. 7â8.
7682:
7279:
7013:
6616:
Spicer (2007), pp. 13, 28, 241; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 264, 266.
6489:"The Politics and Aesthetics of Disability: A Review of Michael Davidson's
5824:
For survey of the lexical variety, see Naremore (2008), pp. 9, 311â12 n. 1.
5260:
5100:
5064:
4699:
4511:
4289:
4275:
4269:
4252:
4149:
4144:
4116:
4077:
4043:
4005:
3969:
3945:
3940:
3902:
3805:
3678:
3642:
3549:
3447:
3423:
3395:
3292:
3199:
3103:
3095:
3010:(1976), a crackling, bloody-minded gloss on bicentennial America. In 1978,
2993:
2904:
2692:
2610:
2584:
2359:
2222:
1809:
1738:" crime dramas. It was released, like other Mann-Alton noirs, by the small
1709:
1529:
1451:
1309:
1167:
1117:
1103:
955:
918:
898:
708:
700:
676:
671:
660:
493:
464:
451:
435:
336:
287:
260:
6558:
6301:
Naremore (2008), pp. 128, 150â51; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 97â99.
5888:
Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 6â9; Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 323â24.
5753:
5034:
A substantial trend within latter-day noirâdubbed "film soleil" by critic
13521:
13483:
13463:
13458:
13443:
13433:
13413:
13343:
13321:
13247:
13153:
13094:
13089:
12947:
12752:
12732:
12697:
12446:
12342:
12099:
12084:
12025:
11991:
11769:
11742:
11707:
11578:
11568:
11441:
11401:
11369:
11320:
11236:
11217:
11190:
11086:
11044:
10995:
10811:
10801:
10796:
10762:
10710:
10546:
10537:
10464:
5755:
The screenwriters taxonomy : a roadmap to collaborative storytelling
5311:
5224:
5043:
4794:
4744:
4589:
4483:
4455:
4401:
3985:
3854:
3787:, plays noir comparatively straight, to devastating effect. Screenwriter
3693:
3647:
3636:
3628:
3624:
3596:
3592:
3518:
3480:
3461:
3377:
3329:
3260:
3221:
3118:
3037:, as well as for two tough private eye films: an original screenplay for
3006:
2952:
2884:
2739:
2559:
2417:
2303:
1693:
1665:
1638:
1566:
1343:
1239:
1199:
1189:
1129:
1029:
775:
609:(1941), widely regarded as the first major film noir of the classic era.
596:
576:
443:
372:
Though film noir is often identified with a visual style that emphasizes
10420:
was created from a revision of this article dated 26 July 2019
8261:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 4; Christopher (1998), p. 8.
8121:"Always Sunny Season 14 Episode 6 Review: The Janitor Always Mops Twice"
4739:
schemes of many classic films noir are associated with stark light/dark
4123:, who two decades before had directed several strong B noirs, including
3716:
853:, who worked regularly with Sternberg. Released the month before Lang's
615:
was directing in Hollywood during the same period. Films of his such as
13473:
13453:
13403:
13383:
13368:
13358:
13274:
13225:
13035:
12842:
12782:
12600:
12493:
12436:
12364:
12322:
12153:
11971:
11956:
11926:
11884:
11853:
11543:
11406:
11170:
11111:
11091:
10981:
10879:
10859:
10752:
10591:
9327:
9172:
9004:
Contemporary North American Film Directors: A Wallflower Critical Guide
7708:
6954:
For kinship to classic noir boxing films, see Muller (1998), pp. 26â27.
6848:"10 best neo-noir films of all time: From Chinatown to LA Confidential"
6476:
Spicer (2007), pp. 32â39, 43; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 255â61.
5978:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 6; Macek (1980), pp. 59â60.
5464:
5301:
5118:
5035:
4945:
4933:
4671:
4387:
4361:
4309:
4164:
4015:
3920:
3828:
3788:
3604:
3580:
3572:
3561:
3353:
3278:
3215:
3122:(1980, cowritten by Schrader). An acknowledged masterpieceâin 2007 the
3016:
2976:
2944:
2889:
2860:
2817:
2691:
from a novel by one of the gloomiest of American noir fiction writers,
2630:
2592:
2372:(1955). Other well-known French films often classified as noir include
2321:
2160:
2016:
1897:
1725:
1595:
1209:
1141:
850:
519:
515:
242:
227:
208:
181:
111:
60:
9195:
Violent Screen: A Critic's 13 Years on the Front Lines of Movie Mayhem
8606:
Hirsch (2001), p. 7. Hirsch subsequently states, "In character types,
6238:
See Naremore (2008), pp. 140â55, on "B Pictures versus Intermediates".
4312:
starred in what appears to be the first intentional film noir parody,
3362:(1992), puts a detective plot through a succession of bizarre spasms.
1971:
Perhaps no director better displayed that spirit than the German-born
13284:
13230:
13128:
13067:
13060:
12902:
12797:
12747:
12468:
12354:
12217:
12163:
11966:
11889:
11879:
11752:
11747:
11362:
11357:
11273:
11246:
11222:
11160:
11133:
11076:
10816:
10254:. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press.
10024:
7301:"Neonoir â Criterion Channel teaser â criterioncollection on YouTube"
5460:
5324:
5161:
4932:
basic plot. In other common plots the protagonists are implicated in
4861:
4620:
4543:
4139:
4063:
4046:
in animated form serves as the host of the series while portraying a
3799:
3774:
3754:
3400:
3141:
2829:
2432:
2180:
1989:(a top-of-the-line B and Woolrich adaptation), the ironically titled
1874:
1863:(1948), for Eagle-Lion, which had acquired PRC the previous year and
1790:
1298:
1229:
1125:
958:
in 1931; the following year, Burnett was hired to write dialogue for
680:
310:. The clichés of film noir have inspired parody since the mid-1940s.
282:
238:
135:
11946:
7332:"5 Neon-Noir Movies to Watch After Blade Runner 2049|That Moment In"
6985:
Naremore (2008), p. 275; Wager (2005), p. 83; Hanson (2008), p. 141.
5178:
conventions: vice emerges triumphant in films as varied as the grim
5173:
Film noir is often said to be defined by "moral ambiguity", yet the
4860:
and other editing techniques that disrupt and sometimes obscure the
4831:
4748:
3599:, and neon signs and brightly lit buildings that provide a sense of
13170:
12832:
12727:
12513:
12503:
12451:
12141:
11600:
11352:
11029:
10874:
10826:
9969:
America Noir: Underground Writers and Filmmakers of the Postwar Era
9550:
Sanders, Steven M. (2006). "Film Noir and the Meaning of Life", in
8798:
Bernstein, Matthew (1995). "A Tale of Three Cities: The Banning of
7362:
7182:
5733:
Silver (1996), pp. 3, 6 passim. See also Place and Peterson (1974).
5373:
5134:"You've got a touch of class, but I don't know how far you can go."
4970:
4571:
4450:
4390:, is a broad spoof of several films, including the Bogart classics
4329:
3898:
3668:
3517:'s hardboiled private eye Mike Hammer was played with wry gusto by
3324:(1998), a tribute to Chandler and an homage to Altman's version of
2752:
2678:
1800:(1955). The formerâwhose screenplay was written by the blacklisted
1287:
1283:
1133:
1091:
735:
656:
381:
307:
130:
76:
9999:. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London: Harvard University Press.
9253:
Kennedy, Harlan (1982). "Twenty-First Century Nervous Breakdown",
7208:"Neon Noir (series trailer) on Cinefamily Archive's Vimeo channel"
5170:
is the noir most frequently marshaled as evidence for this claim.
4705:
Women who would just as soon kill you as love you, and vice versa.
4380:(1953) is a ten-minute distillation ofâand play onânoir in dance.
3732:
The Coen brothers make reference to the noir tradition again with
3634:
Neon-noirs were popularized in the '70s and '80s by films such as
2467:
1018:
The film now most commonly cited as the first "true" film noir is
44:
27:
Cinematic term used to describe stylized feature film crime dramas
13493:
13175:
13118:
12136:
9496:
Place, Janey, and Lowell Peterson (1974). "Some Visual Motifs of
9097:
Hollywood Heroines: Women in Film Noir and the Female Gothic Film
7305:
5517:
The Visual Story: Seeing the Structure of Film, TV, and New Media
5348:
4957:
4941:
4308:
Film noir has been parodied many times in many manners. In 1945,
4215:(1997), which fuses film noir motifs with a scenario indebted to
4211:
4182:
2715:
2402:
1043:
518:'s departure from Germany, is among the first crime films of the
10473:
essay with links to discussions of ten important noirs; part of
10031:
Rethinking the Femme Fatale in Film Noir: Ready for Her Close-Up
9983:
Street with No Name: A History of the Classic American Film Noir
9660:(newest with remastered frame captures, 2016), pp. 302â325.
9594:
The Genius of the System: Hollywood Filmmaking in the Studio Era
9038:
Erickson, Glenn (2004). "Fate Seeks the Loser: Edgar G. Ulmer's
8992:, ed. Steffen Hantke. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
8229:(2003), lists 647 (pp. 46â84). The title of Michael F. Keaney's
7629:"Humphrey Bogart's BackâBut This Time Round He's at High School"
7155:
6705:
Ursini (1995), pp. 284â86; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 278.
5758:. New York, NY: Routledge Studies in Media Theory and Practice.
5467:(p. 73). See also Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 16.
4951:
4802:), and special effects sequences of a sometimes bizarre nature.
4068:
1751:
683:
narrative structure are echoed in dozens of classic films noir.
13448:
12645:
12570:
12222:
12158:
12131:
11794:
11607:
11461:
10742:
10445:
9287:"Un-American" Hollywood: Politics and Film in the Blacklist Era
8507:
Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 217â18; Hirsch (2001), p. 64.
8333:, in their filmographies. By contrast, Hirsch (2001) describes
4888:
of protagonist Philip Marlowe; the face of star (and director)
4158:). Scholar Jamaluddin Bin Aziz has observed how "the shadow of
4051:
4042:
in a format it describes as "space noir." In the series, actor
3091:
3047:, the leading literary descendant of Hammett and Chandler, for
2368:
2351:
1748:
series, which debuted on radio in 1949 and television in 1951.
1136:
mood leavened with provocative banter. Pictured are noir icons
704:
505:
365:), the original and seminal extended treatment of the subject.
10947:
9387:
Maslin, Janet (1996). "Deadly Plot by a Milquetoast Villain",
9065:
Landscapes of Loss: The National Past in Postwar French Cinema
9049:
Gorman, Ed, Lee Server, and Martin H. Greenberg, eds. (1998).
8337:
as among those Hitchcock films that are "richly, demonstrably
7207:
6939:"AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Moviesâ10th Anniversary Edition"
6491:
Concerto for the Left Hand: Disability and the Defamiliar Body
4441:
745:
featured the first appearance of the detective character whom
13133:
12266:
12244:
12237:
12037:
9580:
Hollywood Genres: Formulas, Filmmaking, and the Studio System
6814:, see Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 36, 38, 41, 257. For
4782:(1958) are classified as noir by varying numbers of critics.
4236:
3547:
has worked frequently in a neo-noir mode, with such films as
3004:
brought the noir attitude crashing into the present day with
2948:
2925:
2644:
directed several films recognizable as films noir, including
2097:
1714:
1184:
292:
9663:
Silver, Alain (1996). "Introduction", in Silver and Ursini,
9652:: Evidence of a Style", rev. versions in Silver and Ursini,
9354:
On Film-making: An Introduction to the Craft of the Director
8579:
See Skoble (2006), pp. 41â48, for a survey of noir morality.
6836:
Kolker (2000), p. 364; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 132.
6673:"Neo-Noir The New Film Noir Style from Psycho to Collateral"
6652:
Spicer (2007), p. 241; Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 257.
5617:
See, e.g., Naremore (2008), p. 167â68; Irwin (2006), p. 210.
5416:, which acknowledges all three styles as acceptable, favors
5130:
5072:
in the United States, more accurately rendered elsewhere as
2982:
The most acclaimed of the neo-noirs of the era was director
1362:
thrillers from the era; at least four qualify by consensus:
160:
12185:
10978:
4764:(1953) are routinely included in noir filmographies, while
3933:; the latter was voted best film of the year in the annual
3783:(2001), though adapted from a very self-reflexive novel by
2424:
is widely recognized for his tragic, minimalist films noirâ
1528:
and Lang's Diana Productions, of which the film's co-star,
30:"Film Noir" redirects here. For the Carly Simon album, see
9687:
Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style
9235:
Jones, Kristin M. (2009). "Dark Cynicism, British Style",
8958:
Alternative Scriptwriting: Successfully Breaking the Rules
7141:
See, e.g., Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 398, 402, 407, 412.
4877:(meta) have employed the flashback/voiceover combination.
4410:(1982) appropriates clips of classic noirs for a farcical
3116:
The turn of the decade brought Scorsese's black-and-white
2746:
177:) is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylized
10659:
8827:, trans. Paul Hammond. San Francisco: City Lights Books.
7251:"10 Visually Stunning Movies with Neon Lighting|Scene360"
7056:, see Martin (1997), p. 157; Naremore (2008), p. 214â15;
6717:"Cold War Noir and the Other Films about Korean War POWs"
6542:"Representations of Disability in 1960s Greek Film Noirs"
6449:"A Series on Mexican Noir Films Illuminates a Dark Genre"
5001:. Just four others readily qualify as detective stories:
4328:, which makes fun of Woolrich-brand wistful miserablism.
3059:(1974), directed by Altman from the same source as Ray's
2543:
directed several low-budget thrillers in a noir mode for
1358:(1950). Opinion is divided on the noir status of several
1062:
1051:
10115:
Film Noir Guide: 745 Films of the Classic Era, 1940â1959
10073:
Early Film Noir: Greed, Lust, and Murder Hollywood Style
9566:
The American Cinema: Directors and Directions, 1929â1968
8231:
Film Noir Guide: 745 Films of the Classic Era, 1940â1959
6031:
as "proto-noir", see Machura, Stefan, and Peter Robson,
2312:(1958) is regarded as one of the definitive noir scores.
2302:
The moody, evocative music improvised by jazz trumpeter
10282:, 2d ed. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
9781:
Dark Cinema: American Film Noir in Cultural Perspective
9742:
Voices in the Dark: The Narrative Patterns of Film Noir
9275:, 3d ed. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
8885:
Somewhere in the Night: Film Noir and the American City
8456:
See, e.g., Naremore (2008), p. 25; Lyons (2000), p. 10.
5638:
Somewhere in the Night: Film Noir and the American City
2015:, who played the most understandable of femme fatales;
2011:, Siodmak achieved these effects, wrapping them around
1692:
in the late 1940s to focus on this sort of production.
10357:
Murder is My Beat: Classic Film Noir Themes and Scenes
10238:
Black & White & Noir: America's Pulp Modernism
9884:
Walker, Michael (1992). "Robert Siodmak", in Cameron,
9466:
A Reference Guide to the American Film Noir: 1940â1958
6039:
as "pre-noir", see Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 9.
6027:
as "proto-noir", see Turan (2008). For description of
5806:
See, e.g., Borde and Chaumeton (2002), pp. 1â7 passim.
3286:
Working generally with much smaller budgets, brothers
2362:
moved to France in the early 1950s as a result of the
1545:
Before leaving the United States while subject to the
9524:
A Certain Tendency of the Hollywood Cinema, 1930â1980
6547:
Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies
5463:, whose first great exponent was the Italian painter
2804:(1965), directed by experienced noir character actor
2366:, and made one of the most famous French film noirs,
1492:(1947) received top-level, "prestige" backing, while
1293:
280:), a law-abiding citizen lured into a life of crime (
157:
154:
9744:. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
9285:
Krutnik, Frank, Steve Neale, and Brian Neve (2008).
8750:
Hong Kong: Culture and the Politics of Disappearance
7934:
Dargis (2004); Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 234.
6346:
Krutnik, Neale, and Neve (2008), pp. 259â60, 262â63.
4826:
3863:, basing his screenplay in part on a crime novel by
3815:(2002); he later wrote and directed the even darker
3308:(1990)âloosely based on the Dashiell Hammett novels
2833:
As car thief Michel Poiccard, a.k.a. Laszlo Kovacs,
1896:. It was in this way that accomplished noir actress
1454:'s breakthrough; his other noirs include his debut,
757:
The primary literary influence on film noir was the
9971:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
9366:Marshman, Donald (1947). "Mister 'See'-Odd-Mack'",
8811:
Blackout: World War II and the Origins of Film Noir
6135:
See, e.g., Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 19â53.
4538:(1986â88) lampoons noir, along with such topics as
3791:updated the classic noir bad-cop tale, typified by
3421:(1993); four adaptations of novels by Jim Thompsonâ
2847:; 1960). Poiccard reveres and styles himself after
1914:. Four were independent productions distributed by
10371:(2016, Real Gone Jazz ) â 57 tracks on 4 audio CDs
9315:Death on the Cheap: The Lost B Movies of Film Noir
9002:Downs, Jacqueline (2002). "Richard Fleischer", in
7497:"Cinema with Bite: On the Films of Park Chan-wook"
7437:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 49, 51, 53, 235.
6540:
6487:
4926:
4810:, was often employed. From the mid-1940s forward,
4239:are brought together in the Japanese films of 90s
946:Another crucial literary source for film noir was
369:Bould, film noir remains an "elusive phenomenon."
10189:Nightmare Alley: Film Noir and the American Dream
10013:. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
9768:Turan, Kenneth (2008). "UCLA's Pre-Code Series",
9667:, pp. 3â15, rev. ver. in Silver and Ursini,
9303:, rev. ed. New York and London: Faber and Faber.
9289:. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
8000:
7231:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 44, 47, 279â80.
7156:Corliss, Richard; Richard Schickel (2005-05-23).
7112:
7110:
4977:"; in the words of Silver and Ward, "filled with
4162:lingers on" in such other "future noir" films as
2430:(1955), from the classic period, was followed by
1910:. Of the others, one was a small-studio release:
1162:, directed by Billy Wilder; setting the mold was
1024:(1940), directed by Latvian-born, Soviet-trained
13534:
10280:Dreams and Dead Ends: The American Gangster Film
9697:(See also: Silver, Ursini, Ward, and Porfirio .
9019:(1970). "Paint It Black: The Family Tree of the
8859:The Last Seduction. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood.
8784:Ballinger, Alexander, and Danny Graydon (2007).
8766:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
8641:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 175â186.
7901:
5815:See, e.g., Telotte (1989), pp. 10â11, 15 passim.
5125:
4743:and dramatic shadow patterningâa style known as
4186:(1992), which evoked the classic noir jail film
2975:plays the titular African-American private eye,
2668:(1963). Spanish author Mercedes Formica's novel
2587:âit is technically a UK production, financed by
901:in the genre as well, producing the scripts for
306:. Latter-day works are typically referred to as
10196:Hollywood's Dark Cinema: The American Film Noir
9872:Dames in the Driver's Seat: Rereading Film Noir
9730:. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
9540:. Metuchen, N.J., and London: Scarecrow Press.
9526:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
9468:. Metuchen, N.J., and London: Scarecrow Press.
9067:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
8823:Borde, Raymond, and Etienne Chaumeton (2002 ).
7975:
7494:
6818:, see Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 114â15.
5541:
5164:, are often said to reflect cultural paranoia;
2674:(The Lost City) was adapted into film in 1960.
1764:, however, the film was 30 percent over budget.
789:appeared five years later), and popularized in
703:, another Vienna-born, Berlin-trained American
500:The aesthetics of film noir were influenced by
9197:(1995), pp. 196â99. Baltimore: Bancroft.
8887:, 1st paperback ed. New York: Owl/Henry Holt.
8752:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
7943:
7107:
5080:; 1960); and director Don Siegel's version of
4806:shooting, as opposed to the Hollywood norm of
4615:
4036:broadcast the 2021 science documentary series
3809:(2001) and, adapting a story by James Ellroy,
3069:(1975), the Chandler tale made classically as
1684:, described by scholar Robert Ottoson as "the
575:and the latter directed by the Berlin-trained
514:(1931), shot only a few years before director
492:, an actress frequently called upon to play a
10963:
10645:
10621:Collection: "Film Noir, Visuality and Themes"
10475:Images: A Journal of Film and Popular Culture
10359:(1997, Rhino Movie Music) â 18-track audio CD
9682:, vols. 1â4. Pompton Plains, N.J.: Limelight.
9211:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
8813:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
8666:. London: The Baton Press. pp. 121â122.
8025:
8023:
7626:
7455:
6171:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 188, 202â3.
5951:Widdicombe (2001), pp. 37â39, 59â60, 118â19;
4332:inaugurated the private-eye noir parody with
4261:(2003), based on and set within the world of
3968:Neo-noir films released in the 2010s include
1555:(1947) and the influential documentary-style
241:". Whether film noir qualifies as a distinct
215:that emerged in the United States during the
192:. Film noir of this era is associated with a
10561:What Is This Thing Called Noir?: Parts I, II
10365:(2019, Jasmine Records ) â 42-track audio CD
9678:(and Robert Porfirioâvol. 3), eds. (2004 ).
9221:James, Nick (2002). "Back to the Brats", in
9128:Detours and Lost Highways: A Map of Neo-Noir
7100:
7098:
7057:
6845:
5542:Foteini Vlachou, Nandia (6 September 2016).
5446:demanded rewrites. Only Farrow was credited.
4463:Noir parodies come in darker tones as well.
3662:(1997). Other titles from this era included
2269:
1772:'s brutal, visually energetic films such as
1003:and other pre-WWII crime melodramas such as
769:, led in its early years by such writers as
10611:Noir and Neonoir | The Criterion Collection
10252:Boom and Bust: American Cinema in the 1940s
9985:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
9538:Autopsy: An Element of Realism in Film Noir
9504:10, no. 1 (collected in Silver and Ursini,
8915:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
8825:A Panorama of American Film Noir, 1941â1953
7118:"Noir and Neonoir|The Criterion Collection"
6810:, see Kolker (2000), pp. 21â22, 26â30. For
6182:Citizen Welles: A Biography of Orson Welles
5635:
4848:(1948) involves a real-time framing story,
3207:followed the immensely successful neo-noir
2288:"GĂ©nĂ©rique" ("Nuit sur les Champs-ĂlysĂ©es")
10970:
10956:
10652:
10638:
10145:Mayer, Geoff, and Brian McDonnell (2007).
10103:, new ed. London: British Film Institute.
9918:The Erotic Thriller in Contemporary Cinema
9783:. Westport, Conn., and London: Greenwood.
9689:, 3d ed. Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press.
9685:Silver, Alain, and Elizabeth Ward (1992).
9613:8, no. 1 (collected in Silver and Ursini,
9438:More Than Night: Film Noir in Its Contexts
9223:Contemporary North American Film Directors
8020:
7485:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 107â109.
6701:
6699:
4288:puts an understated film noir spin on the
3342:(1986) and the delusionary protagonist of
1328:, portray star-crossed lovers in the film.
43:
10338:. Troy, N.Y.: The Troy Bookmakers Press.
9920:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
8960:, 3d ed. Boston and Oxford: Focal Press.
8050:"Touch Of Noir: Top 5 Film Noir Parodies"
7946:"The Animatrix: A Detective Story (2003)"
7930:
7928:
7659:"The 20 Best Neo-Noir Films Of The 2000s"
7512:
7095:
7043:Hirsch (1999), pp. 245â47; Maslin (1996).
6678:. The Scarecrow Press Inc. Archived from
6634:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 266â68.
5327:-a term coined by experimental filmmaker
4884:, for example, is shot entirely from the
4817:In an analysis of the visual approach of
4612:episode "The Janitor Always Mops Twice."
4322:was the singing lead in the comedic noir
1170:, Phyllis Dietrichsonâan apparent nod to
359:Panorama du film noir amĂ©ricain 1941â1953
357:and Ătienne Chaumeton in their 1955 book
10428:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
10411:
10306:Silver, Alain, and James Ursini (2016).
10292:Silver, Alain, and James Ursini (1999).
10135:Pulp Fiction. Houndmills, UK: Palgrave.
9409:. New York and London: Faber and Faber.
8990:Horror Film: Creating and Marketing Fear
8680:
8047:
6923:
6921:
6670:
6664:
6310:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 59â60.
5952:
5860:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 11â13.
5751:
5129:
4950:
4830:
4619:
4440:
4067:
3090:
3033:(1972), adapting a novel by pulp master
2828:
2466:
2454:(1970). In the 1960s, Greek films noir "
1946:. One was an independent distributed by
1750:
1742:company; it was the inspiration for the
1498:(1946), his most conventional film, and
1468:
1297:
1102:
954:, in 1929. It was turned into a hit for
950:, whose first novel to be published was
734:
484:
450:, or the song-and-dance routines of the
317:
10240:. New York: Columbia University Press.
10033:. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
9341:Macek, Carl, and Alain Silver (1980). "
9299:Lynch, David, and Chris Rodley (2005).
8216:Borde and Chaumeton (2002), pp. 161â63.
7656:
6963:Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 400â1, 408.
6734:
6696:
6485:
6220:See, e.g., Schatz (1981), pp. 103, 112.
5842:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), pp. 9â11.
5136:"A lot depends on who's in the saddle."
4785:Film noir is also known for its use of
4634:'s vision exclude it from the category.
4057:
3043:(1972) and an adaptation of a novel by
2979:, takes conventions from classic noir.
2747:Neo-noir and echoes of the classic mode
1524:was a semi-independent, cosponsored by
14:
13535:
10457:Film Noir: A Bibliography of Materials
10350:
10226:. Iola, Wisc.: Writer's Digest Books.
9793:Tyree, J. M., and Ben Walters (2007).
9424:Dark City: The Lost World of Film Noir
9142:The Dark Side of the Screen: Film Noir
9113:. Nashville, Tenn.: Cumberland House.
8636:
8483:
8303:from the original on September 1, 2023
8177:
8118:
7925:
7742:
7707:
7426:Journal of Popular Film and Television
7018:"The Current Cinema: PLAIN AND SIMPLE"
6743:"Korean War Film Noir: the POW Movies"
6538:
5682:
4814:became increasingly frequent in noir.
4532:In other media, the television series
4509:status even more brazenly, the Coens'
3682:(1984). More currently, films such as
2893:, drawing inspiration from Truffaut's
1668:outfits, from the relatively well-off
1156:era. The signal film in this vein was
296:) or simply a victim of circumstance (
10951:
10633:
10557:excerpt from 2001 book by Lee Horsley
10498:unrevised online version of essay by
9997:Film Noir and the Spaces of Modernity
9943:Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
9874:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
9568:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Da Capo.
8661:
8288:
8082:See, e.g., Kolker (2000), pp. 238â41.
7978:"The Film Noir Roots of Cowboy Bebop"
7883:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 242.
7355:
7104:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 279.
6918:
6902:, see Kolker (2000), pp. 358â63. For
6862:from the original on January 22, 2018
6446:
6184:(1989), pp. 395â404, 378â81, 496â512.
6047:
6045:
5554:from the original on 27 November 2020
4670:), while the tone of many other noir
2913:, similarly caught up, though in the
1674:Producers Releasing Corporation (PRC)
1286:. These later films are often called
172:
10625:University of Michigan Museum of Art
10175:Film Noir: A Very Short Introduction
10057:Hannsberry, Karen Burroughs (2003).
10043:Hannsberry, Karen Burroughs (1998).
10011:Film Noir and the Cinema of Paranoia
9932:
9904:A Reader's Guide to Raymond Chandler
9897:Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference
9517:Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference
9347:Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference
9336:Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference
9266:Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference
9179:. Harpenden, UK: Pocket Essentials.
9099:. London and New York: I.B. Tauris.
8899:Crime Movies: An Illustrated History
7579:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 52.
7446:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 50.
7356:Rosen, Christopher (22 March 2013).
7012:
6775:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 41.
5590:Borde and Chaumeton (2002), pp. 2â3.
4180:(2002). Fincher's feature debut was
679:. Its visual intricacy and complex,
585:(1934), directed by Austrian émigré
480:
184:, particularly those that emphasize
10296:. Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press.
10177:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
9941:Film Noir and American Citizenship.
9622:Robert Mitchum: "Baby I Don't Care"
9596:, new ed. London: Faber and Faber.
9407:Fritz Lang: The Nature of the Beast
9130:. Pompton Plains, N.J.: Limelight.
8841:. London and New York: Wallflower.
8180:"Vertigo: Disorientation in orange"
7833:Killers of the Cosmos | TVmaze
7543:"Neo Noir Movies at the Box Office"
7154:is the sole TV production cited in
6889:Silver and Ward (1992), pp. 398â99.
6714:
6355:See Mackendrick (2006), pp. 119â20.
5879:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 6.
5572:Ballinger and Graydon (2007), p. 3.
5521:An Introduction to Literary Studies
4852:, and flashbacks within flashbacks.
3479:. Several films by director-writer
2640:in 1939.) In Japan, the celebrated
1660:by a low-budget unit of one of the
730:
689:of the 1940s, with its emphasis on
72:
24:
13310:List of American independent films
10398:
10369:Film Noir: Six Classic Soundtracks
10025:https://doi.org/10.5209/ARAB.58492
9716:. London and New York: Routledge.
9484:A Companion To Literature And Film
9454:. London and New York: Routledge.
8853:Jazz Noir: Listening to Music from
8839:Film Noir: From Berlin to Sin City
8610:, themes, and visual composition,
8349:; Bould (2005) similarly includes
8048:Springer, Katherine (2013-06-23).
7803:"When Outer Space Meets Film Noir"
7675:
7060:"From 'Red Harvest' to 'Deadwood'"
6740:
6042:
6035:(2001), p. 13. For description of
5449:
5433:
5386:
4370:(1951). The "Girl Hunt" ballet in
3727:
3366:also mixes surrealism and noir in
3230:
3086:
2761:
2476:(1949), directed and cowritten by
2276:
1561:(1948) were developed by producer
1294:Directors and the business of noir
25:
13589:
10375:
10324:. Harlow, UK: Pearson Education.
10059:Bad Boys: The Actors of Film Noir
9863:on the Edge of Doom", in Copjec,
9756:A Biographical Dictionary of Film
9027:6/7 (collected in Gorman et al.,
8722:OED Third Edition, September 2016
8692:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
8362:Place and Peterson (1974), p. 67.
8289:Ebert, Roger (January 30, 1995).
7276:"Neonoir â The Criterion Channel"
6941:. American Film Institute. 2007.
6486:Gaedtke, Andrew (December 2009).
6265:Hayde (2001), pp. 3â4, 15â21, 37.
5996:Irwin (2006), pp. 123â24, 129â30.
5581:Borde and Chaumeton (2002), p. 2.
5116:(1993) and the television series
5052:(1953); the French adaptation of
4827:Structure and narrational devices
4605:It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia
4570:features the recurring character
3870:With ultra-violent films such as
3831:as an assassin in the lineage of
3827:(2004) features a performance by
1918:, the "studio without a studio":
1320:. Two of noir's defining actors,
989:
867:, who debuted as a novelist with
666:I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang
457:An analogous case is that of the
13516:
13507:
13506:
10444:
10410:
9377:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press.
9053:. New York: Carroll & Graf.
8725:
8716:
8655:
8630:
8621:
8600:
8591:
8582:
8573:
8564:
8555:
8546:
8537:
8528:
8519:
8510:
8501:
8492:
8477:
8468:
8459:
8450:
8441:
8432:
8423:
8410:
8401:
8392:
8383:
8374:
8365:
8356:
8315:
8282:
8273:
8264:
8255:
8245:
8236:
8219:
8210:
8201:
8171:
8142:
8112:
8103:
8094:
8085:
8076:
8067:
8041:
8032:
8001:Matt Zoller Seitz (2015-04-09).
7994:
7969:
7937:
7895:
7886:
7877:
7868:
7859:
7850:
7824:
7795:
7766:
7736:
7701:
7669:
7665:from the original on 2022-06-02.
7650:
7620:
7611:
7582:
7573:
7570:Naremore (2008), pp. 256, 295â96
7564:
7535:
7488:
7479:
7449:
7440:
7431:
7418:
7393:
7374:
7370:from the original on 2016-04-09.
7349:
7324:
7293:
7268:
7243:
7234:
7225:
7200:
7183:"NEON-NOIR â Movie List on MUBI"
7175:
7144:
7135:
7086:
7046:
7037:
7006:
7003:Lynch and Rodley (2005), p. 241.
6997:
6988:
6979:
6966:
6957:
6930:
6909:
6892:
6883:
6874:
6839:
6830:
6821:
6800:
6791:
6778:
6769:
6760:
6708:
6625:Spicer (2007), pp. 19 n. 36, 28.
6014:Irwin (2006), pp. 97â98, 188â89.
5957:. Thrilling Detective Web Site.
4556:(1969âcurr.) occasionally casts
4496:s final act is seriously grave.
3277:Problems playing this file? See
3246:
3188:, its more complex predecessor,
2320:Problems playing this file? See
2292:
363:A Panorama of American Film Noir
150:
10977:
10592:Arthur Lyons Film Noir Festival
10536:ten deadeye bullet points from
10208:Palmer, R. Barton, ed. (1996).
10009:Dixon, Wheeler Winston (2009).
9701:, 4th rev., exp. ed. Overlook.
9352:Mackendrick, Alexander (2006).
8883:Christopher, Nicholas (1998 ).
8702:from the original on 2023-09-01
8488:. University Press of Kentucky.
8190:from the original on 2023-09-01
8160:from the original on 2023-02-03
8131:from the original on 2023-02-03
8091:Silver and Ward (1992), p. 419.
8056:from the original on 2018-04-26
8029:Silver and Ward (1992), p. 332.
8009:from the original on 2015-04-12
7904:"Sleek Chrome + Bruised Thighs"
7902:Dougherty, Robin (1997-03-21).
7840:from the original on 2021-10-30
7813:from the original on 2021-10-30
7784:from the original on 2021-10-30
7755:from the original on 2021-10-31
7725:from the original on 2017-11-17
7690:from the original on 2017-11-28
7639:from the original on 2017-08-31
7553:from the original on 2010-08-17
7524:from the original on 2009-10-05
7499:. Film in Focus. Archived from
7407:from the original on 2020-02-01
7338:from the original on 2020-07-31
7313:from the original on 2021-07-02
7257:from the original on 2020-07-31
7214:from the original on 2020-07-31
7189:from the original on 2020-01-28
7124:from the original on 2020-02-15
6945:from the original on 2012-06-04
6846:Ross, Graeme (March 11, 2019).
6655:
6646:
6643:GarcĂa LĂłpez (2015), pp. 46â53.
6637:
6628:
6619:
6610:
6601:
6592:
6581:from the original on 2022-01-20
6532:
6479:
6470:
6459:from the original on 2018-04-26
6440:
6431:
6422:
6413:
6404:
6395:
6358:
6349:
6340:
6331:
6322:
6313:
6304:
6295:
6286:
6277:
6268:
6259:
6250:
6241:
6232:
6223:
6214:
6205:
6196:
6187:
6174:
6165:
6156:
6147:
6138:
6129:
6120:
6111:
6102:
6093:
6084:
6075:
6063:
6054:
6017:
6008:
5999:
5990:
5981:
5972:
5961:from the original on 2010-01-04
5945:
5936:
5927:
5918:
5909:
5900:
5891:
5882:
5873:
5863:
5854:
5845:
5836:
5827:
5818:
5809:
5800:
5791:
5780:from the original on 2020-06-15
5745:
5736:
5727:
5718:
5709:
5700:
5691:
5687:. University Press of Kentucky.
5676:
5666:
5629:
5620:
5611:
5497:from the original on 2021-04-18
4927:Plots, characters, and settings
4730:
4608:parodied the noir genre in its
4248:Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence
2613:, who had appeared together in
595:(1933), directed by Englishman
446:, the speculative leaps of the
200:visual style that has roots in
10489:: Evidence of A Style (part 1)
10268:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
10149:. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood.
10129:American Gangster Cinema: From
10117:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
10089:. Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard.
10075:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
10061:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
10047:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
9906:. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood.
9636:Ava Gardner: "Love Is Nothing"
9609:(1972). "Notes on Film Noir",
8929:. London and New York: Verso.
8525:Holm (2005), pp. 13â25 passim.
8398:Neale (2000), pp. 166â67 n. 5.
8270:See, e.g., Ray (1985), p. 159.
8227:The Pocket Essential Film Noir
7976:Jeffries, L. B. (2010-01-19).
7495:Macaulay, Scott (2009-05-19).
6906:, see Kirgo (1980), pp. 101â2.
6539:Fessas, Nikitas (2020-08-01).
6202:McGilligan (1997), pp. 314â17.
5636:Christopher, Nicholas (1997).
5602:
5593:
5584:
5575:
5566:
5535:
5526:
5519:(2001), p. 94; Klarer, Mario,
5508:
5479:
5450:
5434:
5387:
5315:makes heavy use of saxophone.
4487:. Belying its parodic strain,
4420:(1993) sends up noir classic (
3959:(2004â07, 2019) and the movie
2626:The Postman Always Rings Twice
2029:Classic-era film noirs in the
1851:. Ulmer's other noirs include
1195:The Postman Always Rings Twice
826:The Postman Always Rings Twice
786:The Postman Always Rings Twice
13:
1:
10045:Femme Noir: Bad Girls of Film
9916:Williams, Linda Ruth (2005).
9895:(1932)", in Silver and Ward,
9515:(1940)", in Silver and Ward,
9345:(1945)", in Silver and Ward,
9334:(1931)", in Silver and Ward,
9264:(1975)", in Silver and Ward,
8809:Biesen, Sheri Chinen (2005).
8465:Silver and Ward (1992), p. 6.
7657:Puckett, Terek (2014-05-03).
6447:Jones, Kristin (2015-07-21).
6419:Silver and Ward (1992), p. 1.
5126:Worldview, morality, and tone
4235:. Science fiction, noir, and
4075:as detective Rick Deckard in
3803:(1954), with his scripts for
3328:. The characteristic work of
2601:(1949), from a screenplay by
1889:(1954) and Jacques Tourneur,
1788:directed noirs as diverse as
1272:'s teasing direction carries
779:, was published in 1929) and
599:and photographed by American
475:
313:
10099:Kaplan, E. Ann, ed. (1998).
9714:Violence and American Cinema
9405:McGilligan, Patrick (1997).
8786:The Rough Guide to Film Noir
8380:Silver (1995), pp. 219, 222.
8341:" (p. 139) and ignores both
7713:"This is Noir: The Bastards"
7627:Hughes, Sarah (2006-03-26).
7596:. 2008-12-30. Archived from
7456:Hibbs, Thomas (2004-12-03).
7092:James (2000), pp. xviiiâxix.
6498:Journal of Modern Literature
5987:Irwin (2006), pp. 71, 95â96.
5472:
4720:, or feeling like they were.
4657:Stranger on the Third Floor,
4585:Garfield's Babes and Bullets
3909:mystery authors. Similarly,
3538:
2937:flipped off noir piety with
2620:Elsewhere, Italian director
2456:The Secret of the Red Mantle
1869:(1955), for Allied Artists.
1672:to shakier ventures such as
1424:(1952). A half-decade after
1256:(1955); based on a novel by
603:. Edeson later photographed
7:
10931:science fiction and fantasy
10543:An Introduction to Neo-Noir
10310:. Milwaukee, WI: Applause.
10113:Keaney, Michael F. (2003).
9995:Dimendberg, Edward (2004).
9939:Auerbach, Jonathan (2011).
9820:Stranger on the Third Floor
9758:, 3rd ed. New York: Knopf.
9699:Film Noir: The Encyclopedia
9552:The Philosophy of Film Noir
9513:Stranger on the Third Floor
8486:The Philosophy of Film Noir
8279:Williams (2005), pp. 34â37.
8233:(2003) is self-explanatory.
8178:Rennie, Paul (2008-09-29).
8119:Harley, Nick (2019-10-31).
7874:Downs (2002), pp. 171, 173.
7743:Kanter, Jake (2020-11-20).
7058:Barra, Allen (2005-02-28).
6319:Clarens (1980), pp. 245â47.
6081:Marshman (1947), pp. 100â1.
5933:Naremore (2008), pp. 13â14.
5685:The Philosophy of Film Noir
5457:Academic Dictionary of Arts
5318:
4616:Identifying characteristics
4303:
4119:. The film was directed by
3615:, sexuality, and issues of
3387:. Neo-noirs of his such as
1542:(1948) in similar fashion.
1334:Stranger on the Third Floor
1068:Stranger on the Third Floor
1048:Stranger on the Third Floor
1032:âwho had starred in Lang's
1021:Stranger on the Third Floor
994:
897:(1947)âhe was an important
256:plainclothes police officer
112:American hardboiled fiction
49:Two silhouetted figures in
10:
13594:
13548:Film and video terminology
13201:Classical Hollywood cinema
12390:Commedia sexy all'italiana
11298:Exploitation film template
11242:Commedia sexy all'italiana
10616:Notebook Primer: Film Noir
10527:A Guide to Film Noir Genre
10471:Film Noir: An Introduction
10236:Rabinowitz, Paula (2002).
10194:Palmer, R. Barton (1994).
9953:Chopra-Gant, Mike (2005).
9891:White, Dennis L. (1980). "
9797:. London: BFI Publishing.
9582:. New York: Random House.
9511:Porfirio, Robert (1980). "
9426:. New York: St. Martin's.
9109:Hayde, Michael J. (2001).
8974:, September 17 (available
8943:. London: BFI Publishing.
8925:Copjec, Joan, ed. (1993).
8913:The Philosophy of Neo-Noir
8869:Cameron, Ian, ed. (1993).
8738:
8552:Christopher (1998), p. 37.
8484:Abrams, Jerold J. (2006).
8389:Telotte (1989), pp. 74â87.
8038:Richardson (1992), p. 120.
7686:(September/October 2013).
7160:. Time.com. Archived from
6972:See, e.g., Grothe, Mardy,
6337:Muller (1998), pp. 176â77.
6211:Schatz (1998), pp. 354â58.
5752:Williams, Eric R. (2017).
5715:Schatz (1981), pp. 111â15.
4578:based on Keillor's show).
4292:mythos, with the sentient
4061:
3873:Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance
3752:'s black-and-white debut,
3543:Among big-budget auteurs,
3475:(1998), from the novel by
3465:(1990), from the novel by
3439:(1990), and the remake of
3145:, written and directed by
3080:Kolchak: The Night Stalker
2812:examined the situation of
2750:
1332:While the inceptive noir,
749:developed into the famous
739:The October 1934 issue of
29:
13502:
13105:
13023:
12768:German underground horror
12723:Documentary Film Movement
12631:American eccentric cinema
12616:
11862:
10988:
10888:
10842:
10703:
10696:
10675:
10336:TV Noir: the 20th Century
10210:Perspectives on Film Noir
10147:Encyclopedia of Film Noir
9902:Widdicombe, Toby (2001).
9712:Slocum, J. David (2001).
9536:Richardson, Carl (1992).
9189:Hunter, Stephen (1982). "
9042:", in Silver and Ursini,
9031:, and Silver and Ursini,
8901:. New York: W.W. Norton.
6671:Schwartz, Ronald (2005).
6510:10.2979/jml.2009.33.1.164
6379:Beyond a Reasonable Doubt
5423:Oxford English Dictionary
4892:is seen only in mirrors.
4407:Dead Men Don't Wear Plaid
4251:(2004), both directed by
4201:(1996), an adaptation of
4098:The Groundstar Conspiracy
3764:(2000) and the remake of
3559:(1995) and the TV series
2814:American prisoners of war
2413:Ascenseur pour l'Ă©chafaud
2384:(1955), both directed by
2309:Ascenseur pour l'Ă©chafaud
2270:Outside the United States
1664:or by one of the smaller
1650:Night Has a Thousand Eyes
1418:(1950) (all for Fox) and
837:Love's Lovely Counterfeit
799:. The classic film noirs
546:20,000 Years in Sing Sing
119:
90:
82:
68:
42:
10758:Inverted detective story
10683:History of crime fiction
10266:Dark City: The Film Noir
10222:Pappas, Charles (2005).
10173:Naremore, James (2019).
10159:McArthur, Colin (1972).
10085:Hogan, David J. (2013).
10029:Grossman, Julie (2009).
9837:staff" (anon.) (1955). "
9818:staff" (anon.) (1940). "
9772:, January 27 (available
9648:Silver, Alain (1996 ). "
9592:Schatz, Thomas (1998 ).
9564:Sarris, Andrew (1996 ).
9464:Ottoson, Robert (1981).
9436:Naremore, James (2008).
9373:Martin, Richard (1997).
9140:Hirsch, Foster (2001 ).
9081:, February 9 (available
8956:, and Jeff Rush (2002).
8911:Conard, Mark T. (2007).
8897:Clarens, Carlos (1980).
8788:. London: Rough Guides.
8073:Naremore (2008), p. 158.
7948:. Movies & TV Dept.
7590:"2008 Film Poll Results"
6994:Wager (2005), p. 101â14.
6927:Williams (2005), p. 229.
6256:Naremore (2008), p. 173.
5833:Bould (2005), pp. 24â33.
5797:See, e.g., Jones (2009).
5742:Silver (1996), pp. 7â10.
5697:Ottoson (1981), pp. 2â3.
5683:Conrad, Mark T. (2006).
5379:
5339:List of film noir titles
5218:
4567:A Prairie Home Companion
4155:Someone to Watch Over Me
4027:
3953:. The television series
3735:The Man Who Wasn't There
3623:society as decadent and
2810:The Manchurian Candidate
2781:The Manchurian Candidate
2704:Der Amerikanische Freund
1312:and based on a novel by
724:The House on 92nd Street
559:horror pictures such as
12703:Cinema of Transgression
11837:Cinema of Transgression
10320:Spicer, Andrew (2002).
10278:Shadoian, Jack (2003).
10264:Selby, Spencer (1984).
10250:Schatz, Thomas (1997).
10212:. New York: G.K. Hall.
9981:Dickos, Andrew (2002).
9967:Cochran, David (2000).
9870:Wager, Jans B. (2005).
9754:Thomson, David (1998).
9740:Telotte, J. P. (1989).
9726:Spicer, Andrew (2007).
9671:(2016), pp. 10â25.
9638:. New York: Macmillan.
9624:. New York: Macmillan.
9578:Schatz, Thomas (1981).
9522:Ray, Robert B. (1985).
9356:. New York: Macmillan.
9271:Kolker, Robert (2000).
9239:, August 18 (available
9207:Irwin, John T. (2006).
9158:, October 8 (available
8873:. New York: Continuum.
8627:Sanders (2006), p. 100.
8447:Ottoson (1981), p. 143.
8407:Telotte (1989), p. 106.
7944:Cammila Collar (2014).
7617:Naremore (2008), p. 299
7150:Creeber, (2007), p. 3.
6453:The Wall Street Journal
6292:Thomson (1998), p. 269.
6274:Erickson (2004), p. 26.
6247:Ottoson (1981), p. 132.
6117:Schrader (1972), p. 61.
5906:McGarry (1980), p. 139.
5673:(1972); Durgnat (1970).
5402:derived from the French
5344:List of neo-noir titles
5059:The Talented Mr. Ripley
4642:The Night of the Hunter
4435:Who Framed Roger Rabbit
4089:. In Jean-Luc Godard's
3899:a series of comic books
3821:(2006). Michael Mann's
3646:(1982), and films from
3507:(2001). On television,
3483:involve noir elements:
3124:American Film Institute
2545:Hammer Film Productions
2498:They Made Me a Fugitive
2358:American-born director
2237:The Night of the Hunter
1950:, the industry leader:
1840:), has become obscure.
1837:Tomorrow Is Another Day
1831:The Devil Thumbs a Ride
1511:The Woman in the Window
1415:Where the Sidewalk Ends
1050:still lost its studio,
430:. Similarly, while the
378:unbalanced compositions
12923:The Prague film school
12788:Hollywood on the Tiber
10601:, co-sponsored by the
10406:
10382:Listen to this article
10071:Hare, William (2003).
9859:Vernet, Marc (1993). "
9656:, pp. 209â35 and
9313:Lyons, Arthur (2000).
9273:A Cinema of Loneliness
9260:Kirgo, Julie (1980). "
9095:Hanson, Helen (2008).
9063:Greene, Naomi (1999).
8939:Creeber, Glen (2007).
8851:Butler, David (2002).
8762:Appel, Alfred (1974).
8696:Merriam-Webster Online
8662:RĂłzsa, MiklĂłs (1982).
8637:BUTLER, DAVID (2016).
8438:Server (2006), p. 149.
8429:Slocum (2001), p. 160.
8291:"A Guide to Film Noir"
7865:Kennedy (1982), p. 65.
7856:Hunter (1982), p. 197.
7462:National Review Online
6915:Ursini (1995), p. 287.
6797:Greene (1999), p. 161.
6162:Biesen (2005), p. 162.
5924:Biesen (2005), p. 207.
5548:I Know Where I'm Going
5384:
5205:The Lady from Shanghai
5152:
5040:The Lady from Shanghai
4966:
4853:
4795:skewed, or Dutch angle
4716:Movies either shot in
4635:
4460:
4082:
3978:(2010), Fred Cavayeâs
3951:Sundance Film Festival
3939:poll. Writer-director
3913:provide the basis for
3717:The Persian Connection
3686:âs highly provocative
3356:(1990â91) and a film,
3235:
3113:
2919:s deeper waters), and
2856:
2677:Among the first major
2481:
2281:
2251:Sweet Smell of Success
2133:The Lady from Shanghai
2031:National Film Registry
1966:Sweet Smell of Success
1939:Sweet Smell of Success
1908:National Film Registry
1857:(1945), also for PRC;
1775:Pickup on South Street
1765:
1539:Secret Beyond the Door
1489:The Lady from Shanghai
1483:
1479:The Lady from Shanghai
1329:
1145:
1078:
754:
497:
414:Somewhere in the Night
406:
394:social problem picture
339:
12778:Grupo Cine LiberaciĂłn
12718:Czechoslovak New Wave
12713:Commedia all'italiana
11060:Commedia all'italiana
10405:
10334:Starman, Ray (2006).
9957:. London: IB Tauris.
9886:The Book of Film Noir
9450:Neale, Steve (2000).
9391:, March 8 (available
9317:. New York: Da Capo.
9144:. New York: Da Capo.
8941:The Singing Detective
8871:The Book of Film Noir
8764:Nabokov's Dark Cinema
8588:Ottoson (1981), p. 1.
8371:Hirsch (2001), p. 67.
8109:Irwin (2006), p. xii.
7661:. Tasteofcinema.com.
7158:"All-Time 100 Movies"
7152:The Singing Detective
7016:(February 17, 1985).
6936:For AFI ranking, see
6559:10.3828/jlcds.2020.18
6410:Butler (2002), p. 12.
6283:Sarris (1985), p. 93.
6060:Biesen (2005), p. 33.
5851:Vernet (1993), p. 15.
5544:"Parody and the noir"
5493:. Annenberg Learner.
5133:
4954:
4834:
4623:
4444:
4203:the speculative novel
4071:
4039:Killers of the Cosmos
3926:A History of Violence
3528:The Singing Detective
3234:
3198:(1997), based on the
3094:
2896:Tirez sur le pianiste
2832:
2713:(1984; Denmark), and
2684:Tirez sur le pianiste
2470:
2397:Touchez pas au grisbi
2386:Henri-Georges Clouzot
2280:
2244:The Phenix City Story
1944:Alexander Mackendrick
1815:The Phenix City Story
1754:
1472:
1301:
1130:dramatically shadowed
1106:
1073:
965:The Beast of the City
738:
655:, with its romantic,
488:
399:
329:
102:French poetic realism
13305:Guerrilla filmmaking
12968:Kitchen sink realism
12853:New French Extremity
12763:German Expressionist
12671:Kitchen sink realism
12536:Contemporary Western
12316:Environmental issues
11847:New French Extremity
11805:New French Extremity
11630:Softcore pornography
11625:Hardcore pornography
11492:New French Extremity
10896:Fictional detectives
10453:at Wikimedia Commons
10437:More spoken articles
10308:Film Noir Compendium
10198:. New York: Twayne.
10127:Mason, Fran (2002).
9669:Film Noir Compendium
9658:Film Noir Compendium
9634:Server, Lee (2006).
9620:Server, Lee (2002).
9343:House on 92nd Street
9051:The Big Book of Noir
9029:The Big Book of Noir
8837:Bould, Mark (2005).
8207:Bould (2005), p. 18.
6741:Conway, Marianne B.
6598:Spicer (2007), p. 9.
6373:The Spiral Staircase
6005:White (1980), p. 17.
5599:Bould (2005), p. 13.
5392:The plural forms of
5158:Nicholas Christopher
5095:After Dark, My Sweet
4871:After Dark, My Sweet
4867:The Element of Crime
4800:Strangers on a Train
4576:Altman-directed film
4515:is both an exacting
4469:(1958), directed by
4360:(1949), directed by
4335:My Favorite Brunette
4224:The Thirteenth Floor
4148:(1982), directed by
4058:Science fiction noir
4048:private investigator
3996:Nicolas Winding Refn
3929:(2005), directed by
3919:(2002), directed by
3893:(2005), directed by
3841:(2004), directed by
3785:Friedrich DĂŒrrenmatt
3498:The Spanish Prisoner
3430:After Dark, My Sweet
3374:William S. Burroughs
3372:(1991), inspired by
3173:(1992), directed by
3102:, archetypal modern
2794:(1963), directed by
2784:(1962), directed by
2710:The Element of Crime
2687:(1960), directed by
2535:(1955), directed by
2525:(1950), directed by
2511:(1948), directed by
2501:(1947), directed by
2491:(1947), directed by
2422:Jean-Pierre Melville
2416:(1958), directed by
2346:(1939), directed by
2336:(1937), directed by
1956:(1948), directed by
1942:(1957), directed by
1932:(1950), directed by
1432:, Billy Wilder made
1377:Strangers on a Train
1308:(1950), directed by
914:Strangers on a Train
879:(1944; adapted from
849:and photographed by
845:(1931), directed by
835:(1956; adapted from
773:(whose first novel,
699:(1945), directed by
675:(1941), directed by
624:The Devil Is a Woman
552:Private Detective 62
502:German Expressionism
448:science fiction film
410:Nicholas Christopher
335:(1946), directed by
202:German Expressionism
97:German Expressionism
13041:Children and family
13015:Yugoslav Black Wave
12888:Nuevo Cine Mexicano
12773:Nigerian Golden Age
12738:European art cinema
12641:Australian New Wave
10843:Film and television
10351:Suggested listening
9779:Tuska, Jon (1984).
9674:Silver, Alain, and
9452:Genre and Hollywood
9262:Farewell, My Lovely
9237:Wall Street Journal
8639:Film noir and music
8618:stylistics" (p. 8).
8614:offer a lexicon of
8420:(2005), pp. 131â36.
7836:, 24 October 2021,
7778:press.discovery.com
7334:. 3 November 2017.
6904:Farewell, My Lovely
6766:Appel (1974), p. 4.
5396:in English include
4875:Kiss Kiss Bang Bang
4845:Sorry, Wrong Number
4755:Leave Her to Heaven
4592:characters such as
4404:'s black-and-white
4383:The Cheap Detective
4345:Hard Boiled Mahoney
4296:Ava as a potential
4195:David Cronenberg's
4126:Armored Car Robbery
3860:Kiss Kiss Bang Bang
3531:(1986), written by
3288:Joel and Ethan Coen
3259:has scored most of
3139:(1949). From 1981,
3066:Farewell, My Lovely
3014:wrote and directed
2637:Le Dernier Tournant
2508:The Small Back Room
2439:Le deuxiĂšme souffle
2406:(1960) directed by
2364:Hollywood blacklist
1572:They Drive by Night
1547:Hollywood blacklist
1476:in the trailer for
1463:On Dangerous Ground
1150:portrayals of women
1132:photography, and a
1112:(1947) directed by
1028:. Hungarian émigré
882:Farewell, My Lovely
761:school of American
613:Josef von Sternberg
264:), an aging boxer (
234:, founded in 1945.
55:(1955). The film's
39:
13339:Major film studios
12933:Pure Film Movement
12913:Polish Film School
12813:Italian neorealist
12793:Hong Kong New Wave
12395:Mexican sex comedy
11452:German underground
10832:historical mystery
10597:2012-09-26 at the
10577:2016-03-04 at the
10566:2016-03-04 at the
10532:2013-01-20 at the
10520:2019-02-12 at the
10509:2019-02-12 at the
10494:2019-02-12 at the
10407:
10163:New York: Viking.
10101:Women in Film Noir
9888:, pp. 110â51.
9852:2018-07-07 at the
9811:, pp. 275â87.
9728:European Film Noir
9398:2012-08-08 at the
9389:The New York Times
9349:, pp. 134â35.
9246:2017-07-10 at the
9165:2023-09-01 at the
9156:The New York Times
9088:2023-09-01 at the
9079:The New York Times
9044:Film Noir Reader 4
8981:2023-09-01 at the
8972:The New York Times
8416:Rombes, Nicholas,
8005:. rogerebert.com.
7951:The New York Times
7678:"Review: Bastards"
7387:2022-06-10 at the
6037:You Only Live Once
5278:Night and the City
5153:
5054:Patricia Highsmith
4987:The Maltese Falcon
4967:
4854:
4850:multiple narrators
4636:
4540:capital punishment
4466:Murder by Contract
4461:
4392:The Maltese Falcon
4318:. That same year,
4242:Ghost in the Shell
4083:
3835:. The torments of
3656:(1986) and later,
3418:The Last Seduction
3257:Angelo Badalamenti
3236:
3114:
3061:They Live by Night
3040:Hickey & Boggs
2958:Play It Again, Sam
2857:
2835:Jean-Paul Belmondo
2816:(POWs) during the
2786:John Frankenheimer
2659:The Bad Sleep Well
2576:Night and the City
2532:Cast a Dark Shadow
2517:Emeric Pressburger
2503:Alberto Cavalcanti
2482:
2420:. French director
2282:
2202:The Asphalt Jungle
2154:All the King's Men
2049:The Maltese Falcon
1766:
1731:He Walked by Night
1569:, the proto-noirs
1484:
1457:They Live by Night
1355:The Asphalt Jungle
1339:The Maltese Falcon
1330:
1264:. As described by
1221:The Maltese Falcon
1146:
1012:You Only Live Once
983:The Asphalt Jungle
802:The Maltese Falcon
755:
687:Italian neorealism
606:The Maltese Falcon
571:(1932)âthe former
498:
340:
304:self-referentially
277:Night and the City
174:[filmnwaÊ]
107:Italian neorealism
37:
13530:
13529:
13469:Socialist realist
13181:Behind-the-scenes
12958:Socialist realist
12953:Spaghetti Western
12943:Romanian New Wave
12818:Japanese New Wave
12484:Sword and sorcery
12400:Nazi exploitation
11982:Mumbai underworld
11738:Planetary romance
10945:
10944:
10941:
10940:
10850:Police procedural
10553:The Noir Thriller
10480:Film Noir Studies
10449:Media related to
10403:
10344:978-1-933994-22-2
10330:978-0-582-43712-8
10316:978-1-49505-898-1
10302:978-0-87951-722-9
10288:978-0-19-514291-4
10274:978-0-89950-103-1
10260:978-0-684-19151-5
10246:978-0-231-11481-3
10232:978-1-58297-387-6
10218:978-0-8161-1601-0
10204:978-0-8057-9335-2
10183:978-0-19-879174-4
10169:978-0-670-01953-3
10161:Underworld U.S.A.
10155:978-0-313-33306-4
10141:978-0-333-67452-9
10123:978-0-7864-1547-2
10109:978-0-85170-666-5
10095:978-1-55783-855-1
10081:978-0-7864-1629-5
10067:978-0-7864-1484-0
10053:978-0-7864-0429-2
10039:978-0-230-23328-7
10019:978-0-8135-4521-9
10005:978-0-674-01314-8
9991:978-0-8131-2243-4
9977:978-1-56098-813-7
9963:978-1-85043-838-0
9949:978-0-8223-4993-8
9933:Suggested reading
9926:978-0-253-34713-8
9912:978-0-313-30767-6
9899:, pp. 16â17.
9893:Beast of the City
9880:978-0-292-70966-9
9809:Film Noir Reader
9803:978-1-84457-173-4
9789:978-0-313-23045-5
9770:Los Angeles Times
9764:978-0-679-75564-7
9750:978-0-252-06056-4
9736:978-0-7190-6791-4
9722:978-0-415-92810-6
9707:978-1-59020-144-2
9695:978-0-87951-479-2
9665:Film Noir Reader
9654:Film Noir Reader
9644:978-0-312-31209-1
9630:978-0-312-28543-2
9615:Film Noir Reader
9602:978-0-571-19596-1
9588:978-0-07-553623-9
9574:978-0-306-80728-2
9560:978-0-8131-9181-2
9546:978-0-8108-2496-6
9532:978-0-691-10174-3
9506:Film Noir Reader
9492:978-0-631-23053-3
9474:978-0-8108-1363-2
9460:978-0-415-02606-2
9446:978-0-520-25402-2
9432:978-0-312-18076-8
9415:978-0-571-19375-2
9362:978-0-571-21125-8
9338:, pp. 59â60.
9323:978-0-306-80996-5
9309:978-0-571-22018-2
9295:978-0-8135-4198-3
9281:978-0-19-512350-0
9268:, pp. 101â2.
9231:978-1-903364-52-9
9217:978-0-8018-8435-1
9203:978-0-9635376-4-5
9185:978-1-904048-50-3
9150:978-0-306-81039-8
9136:978-0-87910-288-3
9119:978-1-58182-190-1
9105:978-1-84511-561-6
9073:978-0-691-00475-4
9059:978-0-7867-0574-0
9046:, pp. 25â31.
9033:Film Noir Reader
9012:978-1-903364-52-9
8998:978-1-57806-692-6
8966:978-0-240-80477-4
8949:978-1-84457-198-7
8935:978-0-86091-625-3
8921:978-0-8131-2422-3
8907:978-0-393-01262-0
8893:978-0-8050-5699-0
8879:978-0-8264-0589-0
8865:978-0-275-97301-8
8847:978-1-904764-50-2
8833:978-0-87286-412-2
8819:978-0-8018-8217-3
8794:978-1-84353-474-7
8772:978-0-19-501834-9
8758:978-0-8166-2924-4
8296:Chicago Sun Times
7718:Sight & Sound
7054:Miller's Crossing
6852:independent.co.uk
6193:Bernstein (1995).
5765:978-1-315-10864-3
5440:His Kind of Woman
5334:Scandinavian noir
5299:and television's
5196:Double Indemnity,
4890:Robert Montgomery
4812:location shooting
4599:Calvin and Hobbes
4564:'s radio program
4521:Charles Willeford
4475:Columbia Pictures
4453:Travis Bickle in
4386:(1978), starring
4372:Vincente Minnelli
4367:His Kind of Woman
4132:The Narrow Margin
4121:Richard Fleischer
3916:Road to Perdition
3794:Shield for Murder
3750:Christopher Nolan
3617:race and violence
3589:global capitalism
3467:Charles Willeford
3453:Hell Hath No Fury
3385:Quentin Tarantino
3359:Fire Walk with Me
3305:Miller's Crossing
3251:
3195:L.A. Confidential
3192:'s Oscar-winning
3100:Catherine Tramell
3050:The Drowning Pool
3000:and screenwriter
2973:Richard Roundtree
2876:Ă bout de souffle
2840:Ă bout de souffle
2707:(1977; Germany),
2689:François Truffaut
2671:La ciudad perdida
2375:Quai des OrfĂšvres
2297:
2267:
2266:
2195:In a Lonely Place
2056:Shadow of a Doubt
1992:Christmas Holiday
1866:Murder Is My Beat
1821:The Brothers Rico
1781:Underworld U.S.A.
1736:police procedural
1447:In a Lonely Place
1365:Shadow of a Doubt
1318:Dorothy B. Hughes
1305:In a Lonely Place
1085:(August 25, 1947)
1081:Donald Marshman,
977:This Gun for Hire
940:Fear in the Night
691:quasi-documentary
592:The Invisible Man
481:Cinematic sources
386:police procedural
327:
143:
142:
32:Film Noir (album)
16:(Redirected from
13585:
13578:1940s neologisms
13520:
13510:
13509:
13489:Vulgar auteurism
13317:Interstitial art
13295:Hyperlink cinema
13010:Vulgar auteurism
13005:Toronto New Wave
12995:Telefoni Bianchi
12990:Sword-and-sandal
12808:Italian futurist
12803:Iranian New Wave
12666:British New Wave
12479:Sword-and-sandal
12360:Rape and revenge
12301:Mouth of Garbage
12147:Tentacle erotica
12095:Goona-goona epic
12075:Extraterrestrial
11962:Heroic bloodshed
11596:Occult detective
11427:Christmas horror
11279:Sword-and-sandal
11011:Hong Kong action
11006:Heroic bloodshed
10972:
10965:
10958:
10949:
10948:
10855:Procedural drama
10701:
10700:
10654:
10647:
10640:
10631:
10630:
10502:in three parts:
10463:holdings of the
10461:Film Videography
10448:
10427:
10425:
10414:
10413:
10404:
10394:
10392:
10388:
10383:
9867:, pp. 1â31.
9795:The Big Lebowski
9680:Film Noir Reader
9017:Durgnat, Raymond
8746:Abbas, M. Ackbar
8732:
8729:
8723:
8720:
8714:
8713:
8708:
8707:
8684:
8678:
8677:
8659:
8653:
8652:
8634:
8628:
8625:
8619:
8612:Double Indemnity
8604:
8598:
8595:
8589:
8586:
8580:
8577:
8571:
8568:
8562:
8559:
8553:
8550:
8544:
8541:
8535:
8532:
8526:
8523:
8517:
8514:
8508:
8505:
8499:
8496:
8490:
8489:
8481:
8475:
8472:
8466:
8463:
8457:
8454:
8448:
8445:
8439:
8436:
8430:
8427:
8421:
8414:
8408:
8405:
8399:
8396:
8390:
8387:
8381:
8378:
8372:
8369:
8363:
8360:
8354:
8343:Slightly Scarlet
8323:Slightly Scarlet
8319:
8313:
8312:
8310:
8308:
8286:
8280:
8277:
8271:
8268:
8262:
8259:
8253:
8249:
8243:
8240:
8234:
8223:
8217:
8214:
8208:
8205:
8199:
8198:
8196:
8195:
8175:
8169:
8168:
8166:
8165:
8146:
8140:
8139:
8137:
8136:
8116:
8110:
8107:
8101:
8098:
8092:
8089:
8083:
8080:
8074:
8071:
8065:
8064:
8062:
8061:
8052:. FilmFracture.
8045:
8039:
8036:
8030:
8027:
8018:
8017:
8015:
8014:
7998:
7992:
7991:
7989:
7988:
7973:
7967:
7966:
7964:
7963:
7954:. Archived from
7941:
7935:
7932:
7923:
7922:
7920:
7919:
7910:. Archived from
7899:
7893:
7890:
7884:
7881:
7875:
7872:
7866:
7863:
7857:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7846:
7845:
7828:
7822:
7821:
7819:
7818:
7799:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7789:
7770:
7764:
7763:
7761:
7760:
7740:
7734:
7733:
7731:
7730:
7705:
7699:
7698:
7696:
7695:
7673:
7667:
7666:
7654:
7648:
7647:
7645:
7644:
7624:
7618:
7615:
7609:
7608:
7606:
7605:
7586:
7580:
7577:
7571:
7568:
7562:
7561:
7559:
7558:
7539:
7533:
7532:
7530:
7529:
7511:
7509:
7508:
7492:
7486:
7483:
7477:
7476:
7474:
7473:
7464:. Archived from
7458:"Bale Imitation"
7453:
7447:
7444:
7438:
7435:
7429:
7422:
7416:
7415:
7413:
7412:
7403:. 10 July 2017.
7397:
7391:
7382:Indiewire Online
7378:
7372:
7371:
7353:
7347:
7346:
7344:
7343:
7328:
7322:
7321:
7319:
7318:
7297:
7291:
7290:
7288:
7287:
7278:. Archived from
7272:
7266:
7265:
7263:
7262:
7247:
7241:
7238:
7232:
7229:
7223:
7222:
7220:
7219:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7179:
7173:
7172:
7170:
7169:
7148:
7142:
7139:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7129:
7114:
7105:
7102:
7093:
7090:
7084:
7081:The Big Lebowski
7078:
7076:
7075:
7066:. Archived from
7050:
7044:
7041:
7035:
7034:
7032:
7030:
7010:
7004:
7001:
6995:
6992:
6986:
6983:
6977:
6970:
6964:
6961:
6955:
6953:
6951:
6950:
6934:
6928:
6925:
6916:
6913:
6907:
6896:
6890:
6887:
6881:
6878:
6872:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6843:
6837:
6834:
6828:
6825:
6819:
6804:
6798:
6795:
6789:
6782:
6776:
6773:
6767:
6764:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6754:
6745:. Archived from
6738:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6728:
6719:. Archived from
6712:
6706:
6703:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6690:
6684:
6677:
6668:
6662:
6659:
6653:
6650:
6644:
6641:
6635:
6632:
6626:
6623:
6617:
6614:
6608:
6605:
6599:
6596:
6590:
6589:
6587:
6586:
6544:
6536:
6530:
6529:
6495:
6483:
6477:
6474:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6464:
6444:
6438:
6435:
6429:
6426:
6420:
6417:
6411:
6408:
6402:
6399:
6393:
6362:
6356:
6353:
6347:
6344:
6338:
6335:
6329:
6326:
6320:
6317:
6311:
6308:
6302:
6299:
6293:
6290:
6284:
6281:
6275:
6272:
6266:
6263:
6257:
6254:
6248:
6245:
6239:
6236:
6230:
6227:
6221:
6218:
6212:
6209:
6203:
6200:
6194:
6191:
6185:
6178:
6172:
6169:
6163:
6160:
6154:
6151:
6145:
6142:
6136:
6133:
6127:
6124:
6118:
6115:
6109:
6106:
6100:
6097:
6091:
6088:
6082:
6079:
6073:
6067:
6061:
6058:
6052:
6049:
6040:
6021:
6015:
6012:
6006:
6003:
5997:
5994:
5988:
5985:
5979:
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5663:
5640:. New York, NY:
5633:
5627:
5624:
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5609:
5606:
5600:
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5582:
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5559:
5539:
5533:
5530:
5524:
5512:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5483:
5454:
5438:
5391:
5307:Bernard Herrmann
5283:Double Indemnity
5272:Sunset Boulevard
5244:Double Indemnity
5213:Double Indemnity
4983:claims adjusters
4905:Sunset Boulevard
4882:Lady in the Lake
4836:Barbara Stanwyck
4767:Slightly Scarlet
4737:low-key lighting
4632:Alfred Hitchcock
4580:Firesign Theatre
4562:Garrison Keillor
4526:The Woman Chaser
4495:
4490:The Long Goodbye
4424:) and neo-noir (
4422:Double Indemnity
3931:David Cronenberg
3895:Robert Rodriguez
3745:Mulholland Drive
3457:Charles Williams
3364:David Cronenberg
3352:cycle, both the
3326:The Long Goodbye
3321:The Big Lebowski
3318:âand the comedy
3253:
3252:
3233:
3071:Murder, My Sweet
2971:(1971), wherein
2940:The Long Goodbye
2769:Blast of Silence
2737:(1998; UK), and
2731:(1997; Norway),
2622:Luchino Visconti
2589:20th Century-Fox
2299:
2298:
2279:
2209:Sunset Boulevard
2084:The Lost Weekend
2070:Double Indemnity
2034:
2022:
2021:
1958:Abraham Polonsky
1877:made films like
1854:Strange Illusion
1678:Jacques Tourneur
1612:Murder, My Sweet
1435:Sunset Boulevard
1430:The Lost Weekend
1426:Double Indemnity
1398:20th Century-Fox
1390:'s success with
1360:Alfred Hitchcock
1235:Murder, My Sweet
1172:Marlene Dietrich
1164:Barbara Stanwyck
1159:Double Indemnity
1114:Jacques Tourneur
1086:
934:Deadline at Dawn
923:Cornell Woolrich
903:Double Indemnity
894:Lady in the Lake
876:Murder, My Sweet
865:Raymond Chandler
847:Rouben Mamoulian
832:Slightly Scarlet
814:Double Indemnity
771:Dashiell Hammett
747:Raymond Chandler
731:Literary sources
696:The Lost Weekend
642:The Public Enemy
618:Shanghai Express
524:Jacques Tourneur
490:Marlene Dietrich
469:Eric R. Williams
459:screwball comedy
417:
374:low-key lighting
356:
328:
217:Great Depression
176:
171:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
47:
40:
36:
21:
13593:
13592:
13588:
13587:
13586:
13584:
13583:
13582:
13558:History of film
13533:
13532:
13531:
13526:
13498:
13439:Semidocumentary
13364:Minimalist film
13354:Message picture
13349:Maximalist film
13243:Database cinema
13226:Computer screen
13186:Black-and-white
13111:
13109:
13107:
13101:
13019:
12975:Soviet parallel
12898:Parallel cinema
12893:Pan-Indian film
12823:Kammerspielfilm
12758:French New Wave
12678:Budapest school
12661:Brighton School
12636:New Objectivity
12618:
12612:
12581:Science fiction
12213:Bruceploitation
12122:Girls with guns
12068:Turksploitation
11942:Gentleman thief
11858:
11693:Science fiction
11539:Minimalist film
11534:Maximalist film
11512:Science fiction
11472:Japanese horror
11269:Social guidance
10984:
10976:
10946:
10937:
10884:
10838:
10692:
10671:
10658:
10606:Cultural Center
10599:Wayback Machine
10587:Linda Brookover
10579:Wayback Machine
10568:Wayback Machine
10534:Wayback Machine
10522:Wayback Machine
10511:Wayback Machine
10496:Wayback Machine
10441:
10440:
10429:
10423:
10421:
10418:This audio file
10415:
10408:
10399:
10396:
10390:
10386:
10385:
10381:
10378:
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10348:
9935:
9930:
9854:Wayback Machine
9400:Wayback Machine
9248:Wayback Machine
9167:Wayback Machine
9090:Wayback Machine
8983:Wayback Machine
8741:
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8469:
8464:
8460:
8455:
8451:
8446:
8442:
8437:
8433:
8428:
8424:
8418:New Punk Cinema
8415:
8411:
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7574:
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7554:
7547:Box Office Mojo
7541:
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7536:
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7525:
7514:Accomando, Beth
7506:
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7389:Wayback Machine
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6962:
6958:
6948:
6946:
6937:
6935:
6931:
6926:
6919:
6914:
6910:
6900:Thieves Like Us
6897:
6893:
6888:
6884:
6879:
6875:
6865:
6863:
6856:The Independent
6844:
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6724:
6715:Sautner, Mark.
6713:
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6396:
6385:Reign of Terror
6363:
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5607:
5603:
5598:
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5589:
5585:
5580:
5576:
5571:
5567:
5557:
5555:
5540:
5536:
5531:
5527:
5513:
5509:
5500:
5498:
5491:American Cinema
5485:
5484:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5414:Merriam-Webster
5382:
5369:Maximalist film
5364:Minimalist film
5359:Postmodern film
5321:
5221:
5182:and the ribald
5175:Production Code
5137:
5135:
5128:
4995:Out of the Past
4963:Freudian theory
4929:
4829:
4804:Night-for-night
4733:
4718:black-and-white
4691:Out of the Past
4668:The Dark Corner
4618:
4558:Kermit the Frog
4493:
4481:and Scorsese's
4430:Robert Zemeckis
4340:The Bowery Boys
4325:Lady on a Train
4306:
4233:virtual reality
4218:Brave New World
4177:Minority Report
4109:Charlton Heston
4087:science fiction
4066:
4060:
4034:Science Channel
4030:
3975:I Saw the Devil
3740:Out of the Past
3730:
3728:2000s and 2010s
3708:Spring Breakers
3689:Spring Breakers
3672:(1981) and the
3579:-based musical
3541:
3515:Mickey Spillane
3284:
3283:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3254:
3247:
3244:
3237:
3231:
3177:and written by
3147:Lawrence Kasdan
3089:
3087:1980s and 1990s
3056:Thieves Like Us
2998:Martin Scorsese
2916:Nouvelle vague'
2901:French New Wave
2871:Jean-Luc Godard
2849:Humphrey Bogart
2764:
2762:1960s and 1970s
2755:
2749:
2743:(2003; China).
2725:(1974; Japan),
2701:(1969; Italy),
2624:adapted Cain's
2581:Richard Widmark
2566:Murder by Proxy
2522:The October Man
2451:Le Cercle rouge
2427:Bob le flambeur
2381:Les Diaboliques
2350:. In addition,
2343:Le Jour se lĂšve
2338:Julien Duvivier
2327:
2326:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2306:'s quintet for
2300:
2293:
2290:
2283:
2277:
2272:
2263:
2216:The Hitch-Hiker
2166:
2126:Out of the Past
2027:
2013:Yvonne De Carlo
1998:Cry of the City
1903:The Hitch-Hiker
1886:The Other Woman
1786:Joseph H. Lewis
1682:Out of the Past
1628:The Dark Corner
1508:, Fritz Lang's
1441:Ace in the Hole
1326:Humphrey Bogart
1296:
1258:Mickey Spillane
1226:Humphrey Bogart
1215:Out of the Past
1109:Out of the Past
1097:Production Code
1088:
1080:
1040:secondary roles
997:
992:
908:The Blue Dahlia
733:
483:
478:
440:stock character
419:
408:
350:
318:
316:
198:black-and-white
169:
153:
149:
126:French New Wave
64:
57:cinematographer
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13591:
13581:
13580:
13575:
13570:
13565:
13560:
13555:
13550:
13545:
13528:
13527:
13525:
13524:
13514:
13503:
13500:
13499:
13497:
13496:
13491:
13486:
13481:
13476:
13471:
13466:
13461:
13456:
13451:
13446:
13441:
13436:
13431:
13426:
13424:Reverse motion
13421:
13416:
13411:
13406:
13401:
13396:
13391:
13386:
13381:
13376:
13374:Modernist film
13371:
13366:
13361:
13356:
13351:
13346:
13341:
13336:
13331:
13330:
13329:
13319:
13314:
13313:
13312:
13307:
13297:
13292:
13287:
13282:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13266:
13265:
13255:
13250:
13245:
13240:
13239:
13238:
13236:midnight movie
13228:
13223:
13218:
13213:
13208:
13203:
13198:
13193:
13188:
13183:
13178:
13173:
13168:
13163:
13162:
13161:
13156:
13151:
13146:
13141:
13136:
13126:
13121:
13115:
13113:
13103:
13102:
13100:
13099:
13098:
13097:
13092:
13082:
13081:
13080:
13075:
13065:
13064:
13063:
13058:
13050:
13049:
13048:
13038:
13033:
13027:
13025:
13024:By demographic
13021:
13020:
13018:
13017:
13012:
13007:
13002:
12997:
12992:
12987:
12982:
12977:
12972:
12971:
12970:
12963:Social realist
12960:
12955:
12950:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12930:
12925:
12920:
12918:Poliziotteschi
12915:
12910:
12908:Poetic realist
12905:
12900:
12895:
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12865:
12863:New generation
12860:
12855:
12850:
12845:
12840:
12838:Modernist film
12835:
12830:
12828:L.A. Rebellion
12825:
12820:
12815:
12810:
12805:
12800:
12795:
12790:
12785:
12780:
12775:
12770:
12765:
12760:
12755:
12750:
12745:
12740:
12735:
12730:
12725:
12720:
12715:
12710:
12705:
12700:
12695:
12693:Cinéma du look
12690:
12685:
12680:
12675:
12674:
12673:
12663:
12658:
12653:
12648:
12643:
12638:
12633:
12628:
12622:
12620:
12614:
12613:
12611:
12610:
12609:
12608:
12606:Zapata Western
12603:
12598:
12593:
12588:
12586:Singing cowboy
12583:
12578:
12573:
12568:
12563:
12558:
12553:
12548:
12543:
12541:Dacoit Western
12538:
12533:
12523:
12522:
12521:
12516:
12511:
12501:
12496:
12491:
12486:
12481:
12476:
12471:
12466:
12461:
12460:
12459:
12449:
12444:
12439:
12434:
12429:
12424:
12422:Shoshimin-eiga
12419:
12418:
12417:
12412:
12410:Nunsploitation
12407:
12405:Pornochanchada
12402:
12397:
12392:
12387:
12377:
12372:
12367:
12362:
12357:
12352:
12351:
12350:
12340:
12335:
12330:
12325:
12320:
12319:
12318:
12308:
12303:
12298:
12293:
12292:
12291:
12290:
12289:
12279:
12274:
12269:
12264:
12254:
12253:
12252:
12242:
12241:
12240:
12235:
12230:
12225:
12220:
12215:
12205:
12200:
12195:
12194:
12193:
12188:
12178:
12173:
12172:
12171:
12161:
12156:
12151:
12150:
12149:
12144:
12139:
12129:
12124:
12119:
12118:
12117:
12112:
12107:
12097:
12092:
12087:
12082:
12080:Food and drink
12077:
12072:
12071:
12070:
12065:
12060:
12058:Blaxploitation
12050:
12045:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12029:
12028:
12023:
12013:
12012:
12011:
12001:
11996:
11995:
11994:
11989:
11987:Poliziotteschi
11984:
11979:
11974:
11969:
11964:
11959:
11954:
11949:
11944:
11939:
11934:
11924:
11919:
11914:
11909:
11904:
11899:
11898:
11897:
11892:
11882:
11877:
11872:
11866:
11864:
11860:
11859:
11857:
11856:
11851:
11850:
11849:
11844:
11842:Extreme cinema
11839:
11829:
11828:
11827:
11822:
11817:
11812:
11807:
11802:
11797:
11792:
11787:
11782:
11772:
11767:
11762:
11761:
11760:
11755:
11750:
11745:
11740:
11735:
11730:
11725:
11720:
11715:
11710:
11705:
11700:
11690:
11689:
11688:
11683:
11678:
11673:
11668:
11667:
11666:
11651:
11646:
11641:
11640:
11639:
11632:
11627:
11617:
11612:
11611:
11610:
11605:
11604:
11603:
11598:
11583:
11582:
11581:
11576:
11571:
11566:
11561:
11556:
11546:
11541:
11536:
11531:
11530:
11529:
11524:
11519:
11514:
11509:
11504:
11499:
11494:
11489:
11484:
11479:
11474:
11469:
11464:
11459:
11454:
11449:
11444:
11439:
11434:
11429:
11424:
11422:Chinese horror
11419:
11414:
11409:
11399:
11398:
11397:
11392:
11387:
11382:
11377:
11367:
11366:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11345:
11344:
11343:
11338:
11333:
11328:
11323:
11318:
11313:
11303:
11302:
11301:
11288:
11283:
11282:
11281:
11271:
11266:
11261:
11260:
11259:
11254:
11249:
11244:
11234:
11233:
11232:
11231:
11230:
11220:
11215:
11210:
11205:
11195:
11194:
11193:
11188:
11183:
11178:
11173:
11168:
11163:
11158:
11153:
11143:
11142:
11141:
11131:
11130:
11129:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11099:
11094:
11089:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11068:
11067:
11057:
11052:
11042:
11037:
11032:
11027:
11026:
11025:
11015:
11014:
11013:
11008:
11003:
10992:
10990:
10986:
10985:
10975:
10974:
10967:
10960:
10952:
10943:
10942:
10939:
10938:
10936:
10935:
10934:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10892:
10890:
10886:
10885:
10883:
10882:
10877:
10872:
10867:
10862:
10857:
10852:
10846:
10844:
10840:
10839:
10837:
10836:
10835:
10834:
10824:
10819:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10788:
10787:
10782:
10772:
10771:
10770:
10760:
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10739:
10738:
10733:
10728:
10723:
10713:
10707:
10705:
10698:
10694:
10693:
10691:
10690:
10685:
10679:
10677:
10673:
10672:
10657:
10656:
10649:
10642:
10634:
10628:
10627:
10618:
10613:
10608:
10589:
10558:
10555:: Introduction
10549:
10540:
10524:
10487:Kiss Me Deadly
10483:
10477:
10468:
10454:
10430:
10416:
10409:
10397:
10380:
10379:
10377:
10376:External links
10374:
10373:
10372:
10366:
10360:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10346:
10332:
10318:
10304:
10294:The Noir Style
10290:
10276:
10262:
10248:
10234:
10220:
10206:
10192:
10187:Osteen, Mark.
10185:
10171:
10157:
10143:
10131:Little Caesar
10125:
10111:
10097:
10083:
10069:
10055:
10041:
10027:
10021:
10007:
9993:
9979:
9965:
9951:
9936:
9934:
9931:
9929:
9928:
9914:
9900:
9889:
9882:
9868:
9865:Shades of Noir
9857:
9839:Kiss Me Deadly
9831:
9812:
9805:
9791:
9777:
9766:
9752:
9738:
9724:
9710:
9683:
9672:
9661:
9650:Kiss Me Deadly
9646:
9632:
9618:
9607:Schrader, Paul
9604:
9590:
9576:
9562:
9548:
9534:
9520:
9519:, p. 269.
9509:
9494:
9476:
9462:
9448:
9434:
9417:
9403:
9385:
9371:
9364:
9350:
9339:
9325:
9311:
9301:Lynch on Lynch
9297:
9283:
9269:
9258:
9257:, July/August.
9251:
9233:
9219:
9205:
9187:
9170:
9152:
9138:
9124:Hirsch, Foster
9121:
9107:
9093:
9075:
9061:
9047:
9036:
9014:
9000:
8986:
8968:
8951:
8937:
8927:Shades of Noir
8923:
8909:
8895:
8881:
8867:
8849:
8835:
8821:
8807:
8804:Cinema Journal
8800:Scarlet Street
8796:
8782:
8774:
8760:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8734:
8733:
8724:
8715:
8679:
8672:
8654:
8647:
8629:
8620:
8599:
8590:
8581:
8572:
8563:
8554:
8545:
8536:
8527:
8518:
8509:
8500:
8491:
8476:
8467:
8458:
8449:
8440:
8431:
8422:
8409:
8400:
8391:
8382:
8373:
8364:
8355:
8314:
8281:
8272:
8263:
8254:
8244:
8235:
8218:
8209:
8200:
8170:
8156:. 2019-10-31.
8141:
8111:
8102:
8100:Holden (1999).
8093:
8084:
8075:
8066:
8040:
8031:
8019:
7993:
7968:
7936:
7924:
7894:
7885:
7876:
7867:
7858:
7849:
7823:
7794:
7765:
7735:
7700:
7668:
7649:
7619:
7610:
7581:
7572:
7563:
7534:
7516:(2009-08-20).
7487:
7478:
7448:
7439:
7430:
7417:
7392:
7373:
7348:
7323:
7292:
7267:
7242:
7233:
7224:
7199:
7174:
7143:
7134:
7106:
7094:
7085:
7045:
7036:
7023:The New Yorker
7005:
6996:
6987:
6978:
6976:(2005), p. 84.
6965:
6956:
6929:
6917:
6908:
6891:
6882:
6873:
6838:
6829:
6820:
6799:
6790:
6777:
6768:
6759:
6733:
6707:
6695:
6663:
6654:
6645:
6636:
6627:
6618:
6609:
6600:
6591:
6553:(3): 281â300.
6531:
6504:(1): 164â170.
6478:
6469:
6439:
6430:
6421:
6412:
6403:
6394:
6390:The Black Book
6357:
6348:
6339:
6330:
6321:
6312:
6303:
6294:
6285:
6276:
6267:
6258:
6249:
6240:
6231:
6222:
6213:
6204:
6195:
6186:
6173:
6164:
6155:
6146:
6137:
6128:
6119:
6110:
6101:
6092:
6083:
6074:
6062:
6053:
6041:
6016:
6007:
5998:
5989:
5980:
5971:
5953:Doherty, Jim.
5944:
5935:
5926:
5917:
5908:
5899:
5890:
5881:
5872:
5862:
5853:
5844:
5835:
5826:
5817:
5808:
5799:
5790:
5764:
5744:
5735:
5726:
5717:
5708:
5699:
5690:
5675:
5665:
5650:
5628:
5619:
5610:
5601:
5592:
5583:
5574:
5565:
5534:
5525:
5523:(1999), p. 59.
5507:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5447:
5431:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5354:Modernist film
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5320:
5317:
5235:Mildred Pierce
5220:
5217:
5209:Scarlet Street
5167:Kiss Me Deadly
5127:
5124:
5020:Kiss Me Deadly
5011:The Naked City
4999:Kiss Me Deadly
4928:
4925:
4869:(surrealist),
4840:Burt Lancaster
4828:
4825:
4820:Kiss Me Deadly
4732:
4729:
4728:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4696:Robert Mitchum
4686:
4683:
4680:
4624:Some consider
4617:
4614:
4535:Sledge Hammer!
4447:Robert De Niro
4426:Basic Instinct
4417:Fatal Instinct
4377:The Band Wagon
4305:
4302:
4282:The 2015 film
4160:Philip Marlowe
4059:
4056:
4029:
4026:
3991:The Yellow Sea
3911:graphic novels
3884:Park Chan-wook
3865:Brett Halliday
3729:
3726:
3684:Harmony Korine
3664:Brian De Palma
3613:existentialism
3565:(1984â89) and
3540:
3537:
3486:House of Games
3477:Elmore Leonard
3390:Reservoir Dogs
3274:
3255:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3175:Paul Verhoeven
3170:Basic Instinct
3164:Final Analysis
3109:Basic Instinct
3088:
3085:
3077:-style humor:
3045:Ross Macdonald
2984:Roman Polanski
2963:blaxploitation
2921:Alan J. Pakula
2866:Kiss Me Deadly
2806:William Conrad
2791:Shock Corridor
2763:
2760:
2748:
2745:
2722:Castle of Sand
2698:Il Conformista
2642:Akira Kurosawa
2541:Terence Fisher
2527:Roy Ward Baker
2513:Michael Powell
2478:Akira Kurosawa
2408:Jacques Becker
2317:
2301:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2230:Kiss Me Deadly
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2176:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2147:The Naked City
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2077:Mildred Pierce
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2044:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2025:
1981:Burt Lancaster
1973:Robert Siodmak
1924:Kiss Me Deadly
1916:United Artists
1892:The Fearmakers
1842:Edgar G. Ulmer
1826:Felix E. Feist
1690:Allied Artists
1623:Henry Hathaway
1607:Edward Dmytryk
1590:The Man I Love
1563:Mark Hellinger
1558:The Naked City
1522:Scarlet Street
1517:Scarlet Street
1388:Otto Preminger
1346:followed with
1322:Gloria Grahame
1295:
1292:
1270:Robert Aldrich
1253:Kiss Me Deadly
1244:Philip Marlowe
1138:Robert Mitchum
1072:
996:
993:
991:
990:Classic period
988:
820:Mildred Pierce
791:pulp magazines
751:Philip Marlowe
732:
729:
719:Henry Hathaway
714:The Naked City
653:poetic realism
587:Edgar G. Ulmer
532:Michael Curtiz
528:Robert Siodmak
482:
479:
477:
474:
398:
390:gothic romance
315:
312:
205:cinematography
141:
140:
139:
138:
133:
128:
121:
117:
116:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
73:Classic period
70:
66:
65:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13590:
13579:
13576:
13574:
13573:1950s in film
13571:
13569:
13568:1940s in film
13566:
13564:
13563:1930s in film
13561:
13559:
13556:
13554:
13551:
13549:
13546:
13544:
13541:
13540:
13538:
13523:
13519:
13515:
13513:
13505:
13504:
13501:
13495:
13492:
13490:
13487:
13485:
13482:
13480:
13477:
13475:
13472:
13470:
13467:
13465:
13462:
13460:
13457:
13455:
13452:
13450:
13447:
13445:
13442:
13440:
13437:
13435:
13432:
13430:
13427:
13425:
13422:
13420:
13419:Postmodernist
13417:
13415:
13412:
13410:
13409:Participatory
13407:
13405:
13402:
13400:
13397:
13395:
13392:
13390:
13387:
13385:
13382:
13380:
13379:Musical short
13377:
13375:
13372:
13370:
13367:
13365:
13362:
13360:
13357:
13355:
13352:
13350:
13347:
13345:
13342:
13340:
13337:
13335:
13332:
13328:
13325:
13324:
13323:
13320:
13318:
13315:
13311:
13308:
13306:
13303:
13302:
13301:
13298:
13296:
13293:
13291:
13290:Found footage
13288:
13286:
13283:
13281:
13278:
13276:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13264:
13261:
13260:
13259:
13256:
13254:
13251:
13249:
13246:
13244:
13241:
13237:
13234:
13233:
13232:
13229:
13227:
13224:
13222:
13219:
13217:
13214:
13212:
13209:
13207:
13204:
13202:
13199:
13197:
13196:Cinéma vérité
13194:
13192:
13189:
13187:
13184:
13182:
13179:
13177:
13174:
13172:
13169:
13167:
13164:
13160:
13157:
13155:
13152:
13150:
13147:
13145:
13142:
13140:
13137:
13135:
13132:
13131:
13130:
13127:
13125:
13122:
13120:
13117:
13116:
13114:
13112:or production
13104:
13096:
13093:
13091:
13088:
13087:
13086:
13083:
13079:
13076:
13074:
13071:
13070:
13069:
13066:
13062:
13059:
13057:
13054:
13053:
13051:
13047:
13044:
13043:
13042:
13039:
13037:
13034:
13032:
13029:
13028:
13026:
13022:
13016:
13013:
13011:
13008:
13006:
13003:
13001:
12998:
12996:
12993:
12991:
12988:
12986:
12983:
12981:
12978:
12976:
12973:
12969:
12966:
12965:
12964:
12961:
12959:
12956:
12954:
12951:
12949:
12946:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12934:
12931:
12929:
12928:Prussian film
12926:
12924:
12921:
12919:
12916:
12914:
12911:
12909:
12906:
12904:
12901:
12899:
12896:
12894:
12891:
12889:
12886:
12884:
12881:
12879:
12876:
12874:
12873:New Nollywood
12871:
12869:
12868:New Hollywood
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12829:
12826:
12824:
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12806:
12804:
12801:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12784:
12781:
12779:
12776:
12774:
12771:
12769:
12766:
12764:
12761:
12759:
12756:
12754:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12744:
12741:
12739:
12736:
12734:
12731:
12729:
12726:
12724:
12721:
12719:
12716:
12714:
12711:
12709:
12706:
12704:
12701:
12699:
12696:
12694:
12691:
12689:
12688:Cannibal boom
12686:
12684:
12683:Calligrafismo
12681:
12679:
12676:
12672:
12669:
12668:
12667:
12664:
12662:
12659:
12657:
12654:
12652:
12651:Berlin School
12649:
12647:
12644:
12642:
12639:
12637:
12634:
12632:
12629:
12627:
12624:
12623:
12621:
12615:
12607:
12604:
12602:
12601:Weird Western
12599:
12597:
12594:
12592:
12589:
12587:
12584:
12582:
12579:
12577:
12574:
12572:
12569:
12567:
12564:
12562:
12559:
12557:
12554:
12552:
12549:
12547:
12544:
12542:
12539:
12537:
12534:
12532:
12529:
12528:
12527:
12524:
12520:
12517:
12515:
12512:
12510:
12507:
12506:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12492:
12490:
12487:
12485:
12482:
12480:
12477:
12475:
12472:
12470:
12467:
12465:
12462:
12458:
12455:
12454:
12453:
12450:
12448:
12445:
12443:
12440:
12438:
12435:
12433:
12432:Slice of life
12430:
12428:
12425:
12423:
12420:
12416:
12413:
12411:
12408:
12406:
12403:
12401:
12398:
12396:
12393:
12391:
12388:
12386:
12385:Bavarian porn
12383:
12382:
12381:
12380:Sexploitation
12378:
12376:
12373:
12371:
12368:
12366:
12363:
12361:
12358:
12356:
12353:
12349:
12346:
12345:
12344:
12341:
12339:
12338:Partisan film
12336:
12334:
12331:
12329:
12326:
12324:
12321:
12317:
12314:
12313:
12312:
12309:
12307:
12306:Muslim social
12304:
12302:
12299:
12297:
12294:
12288:
12287:Zombie comedy
12285:
12284:
12283:
12280:
12278:
12275:
12273:
12270:
12268:
12265:
12263:
12262:Giant monster
12260:
12259:
12258:
12255:
12251:
12248:
12247:
12246:
12243:
12239:
12236:
12234:
12231:
12229:
12226:
12224:
12221:
12219:
12216:
12214:
12211:
12210:
12209:
12206:
12204:
12201:
12199:
12196:
12192:
12189:
12187:
12184:
12183:
12182:
12179:
12177:
12174:
12170:
12167:
12166:
12165:
12162:
12160:
12157:
12155:
12152:
12148:
12145:
12143:
12140:
12138:
12135:
12134:
12133:
12130:
12128:
12125:
12123:
12120:
12116:
12113:
12111:
12108:
12106:
12103:
12102:
12101:
12098:
12096:
12093:
12091:
12088:
12086:
12083:
12081:
12078:
12076:
12073:
12069:
12066:
12064:
12063:Mexploitation
12061:
12059:
12056:
12055:
12054:
12051:
12049:
12046:
12044:
12041:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12027:
12024:
12022:
12019:
12018:
12017:
12014:
12010:
12007:
12006:
12005:
12002:
12000:
11997:
11993:
11990:
11988:
11985:
11983:
11980:
11978:
11975:
11973:
11970:
11968:
11965:
11963:
11960:
11958:
11955:
11953:
11950:
11948:
11945:
11943:
11940:
11938:
11935:
11933:
11930:
11929:
11928:
11925:
11923:
11920:
11918:
11917:Coming-of-age
11915:
11913:
11910:
11908:
11905:
11903:
11900:
11896:
11893:
11891:
11888:
11887:
11886:
11883:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11873:
11871:
11868:
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11865:
11861:
11855:
11852:
11848:
11845:
11843:
11840:
11838:
11835:
11834:
11833:
11832:Transgressive
11830:
11826:
11823:
11821:
11818:
11816:
11815:Psychological
11813:
11811:
11808:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11788:
11786:
11783:
11781:
11778:
11777:
11776:
11773:
11771:
11768:
11766:
11765:Slice of life
11763:
11759:
11756:
11754:
11751:
11749:
11746:
11744:
11741:
11739:
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11734:
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11709:
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11637:
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11623:
11622:
11621:
11618:
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11613:
11609:
11606:
11602:
11599:
11597:
11594:
11593:
11592:
11589:
11588:
11587:
11584:
11580:
11577:
11575:
11572:
11570:
11567:
11565:
11562:
11560:
11557:
11555:
11552:
11551:
11550:
11547:
11545:
11542:
11540:
11537:
11535:
11532:
11528:
11525:
11523:
11520:
11518:
11515:
11513:
11510:
11508:
11505:
11503:
11502:Psychological
11500:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11488:
11485:
11483:
11480:
11478:
11477:Korean horror
11475:
11473:
11470:
11468:
11465:
11463:
11460:
11458:
11455:
11453:
11450:
11448:
11447:Found footage
11445:
11443:
11440:
11438:
11435:
11433:
11430:
11428:
11425:
11423:
11420:
11418:
11415:
11413:
11410:
11408:
11405:
11404:
11403:
11400:
11396:
11393:
11391:
11388:
11386:
11383:
11381:
11378:
11376:
11373:
11372:
11371:
11368:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11350:
11349:
11346:
11342:
11339:
11337:
11336:Magic realism
11334:
11332:
11329:
11327:
11324:
11322:
11319:
11317:
11314:
11312:
11309:
11308:
11307:
11304:
11300:
11299:
11294:
11293:
11292:
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11287:
11284:
11280:
11277:
11276:
11275:
11272:
11270:
11267:
11265:
11262:
11258:
11255:
11253:
11252:Sexploitation
11250:
11248:
11245:
11243:
11240:
11239:
11238:
11235:
11229:
11226:
11225:
11224:
11221:
11219:
11216:
11214:
11211:
11209:
11206:
11204:
11203:Calligrafismo
11201:
11200:
11199:
11196:
11192:
11189:
11187:
11184:
11182:
11179:
11177:
11174:
11172:
11169:
11167:
11164:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11156:City symphony
11154:
11152:
11149:
11148:
11147:
11144:
11140:
11137:
11136:
11135:
11132:
11128:
11125:
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11118:
11115:
11113:
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11105:
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11100:
11098:
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11012:
11009:
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11002:
10999:
10998:
10997:
10994:
10993:
10991:
10987:
10983:
10980:
10973:
10968:
10966:
10961:
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10953:
10950:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
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10912:
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10904:
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10891:
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10878:
10876:
10873:
10871:
10868:
10866:
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10845:
10841:
10833:
10830:
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10828:
10825:
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10820:
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10815:
10813:
10810:
10808:
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10800:
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10793:
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10786:
10783:
10781:
10778:
10777:
10776:
10773:
10769:
10766:
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10764:
10761:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10744:
10741:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10729:
10727:
10724:
10722:
10721:Closed circle
10719:
10718:
10717:
10714:
10712:
10709:
10708:
10706:
10702:
10699:
10695:
10689:
10688:Crime writers
10686:
10684:
10681:
10680:
10678:
10674:
10670:
10669:crime fiction
10666:
10662:
10655:
10650:
10648:
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10636:
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10573:
10569:
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10556:
10554:
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10548:
10544:
10541:
10539:
10535:
10531:
10528:
10525:
10523:
10519:
10516:
10512:
10508:
10505:
10501:
10497:
10493:
10490:
10488:
10484:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10472:
10469:
10466:
10462:
10458:
10455:
10452:
10447:
10443:
10442:
10438:
10434:
10419:
10370:
10367:
10364:
10361:
10358:
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10341:
10337:
10333:
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10323:
10319:
10317:
10313:
10309:
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10303:
10299:
10295:
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10289:
10285:
10281:
10277:
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10267:
10263:
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10253:
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10243:
10239:
10235:
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10225:
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10211:
10207:
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10201:
10197:
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10180:
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10170:
10166:
10162:
10158:
10156:
10152:
10148:
10144:
10142:
10138:
10134:
10130:
10126:
10124:
10120:
10116:
10112:
10110:
10106:
10102:
10098:
10096:
10092:
10088:
10087:Film Noir FAQ
10084:
10082:
10078:
10074:
10070:
10068:
10064:
10060:
10056:
10054:
10050:
10046:
10042:
10040:
10036:
10032:
10028:
10026:
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10016:
10012:
10008:
10006:
10002:
9998:
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9992:
9988:
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9978:
9974:
9970:
9966:
9964:
9960:
9956:
9952:
9950:
9946:
9942:
9938:
9937:
9927:
9923:
9919:
9915:
9913:
9909:
9905:
9901:
9898:
9894:
9890:
9887:
9883:
9881:
9877:
9873:
9869:
9866:
9862:
9858:
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9851:
9848:
9844:
9840:
9836:
9832:
9829:
9825:
9821:
9817:
9813:
9810:
9806:
9804:
9800:
9796:
9792:
9790:
9786:
9782:
9778:
9775:
9771:
9767:
9765:
9761:
9757:
9753:
9751:
9747:
9743:
9739:
9737:
9733:
9729:
9725:
9723:
9719:
9715:
9711:
9708:
9704:
9700:
9696:
9692:
9688:
9684:
9681:
9677:
9673:
9670:
9666:
9662:
9659:
9655:
9651:
9647:
9645:
9641:
9637:
9633:
9631:
9627:
9623:
9619:
9616:
9612:
9608:
9605:
9603:
9599:
9595:
9591:
9589:
9585:
9581:
9577:
9575:
9571:
9567:
9563:
9561:
9557:
9553:
9549:
9547:
9543:
9539:
9535:
9533:
9529:
9525:
9521:
9518:
9514:
9510:
9507:
9503:
9499:
9495:
9493:
9489:
9485:
9481:
9477:
9475:
9471:
9467:
9463:
9461:
9457:
9453:
9449:
9447:
9443:
9439:
9435:
9433:
9429:
9425:
9421:
9420:Muller, Eddie
9418:
9416:
9412:
9408:
9404:
9401:
9397:
9394:
9390:
9386:
9384:
9383:0-8108-3337-9
9380:
9376:
9372:
9369:
9365:
9363:
9359:
9355:
9351:
9348:
9344:
9340:
9337:
9333:
9329:
9326:
9324:
9320:
9316:
9312:
9310:
9306:
9302:
9298:
9296:
9292:
9288:
9284:
9282:
9278:
9274:
9270:
9267:
9263:
9259:
9256:
9252:
9249:
9245:
9242:
9238:
9234:
9232:
9228:
9224:
9220:
9218:
9214:
9210:
9206:
9204:
9200:
9196:
9192:
9188:
9186:
9182:
9178:
9174:
9171:
9168:
9164:
9161:
9157:
9153:
9151:
9147:
9143:
9139:
9137:
9133:
9129:
9125:
9122:
9120:
9116:
9112:
9108:
9106:
9102:
9098:
9094:
9091:
9087:
9084:
9080:
9076:
9074:
9070:
9066:
9062:
9060:
9056:
9052:
9048:
9045:
9041:
9037:
9034:
9030:
9026:
9022:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9009:
9005:
9001:
8999:
8995:
8991:
8987:
8984:
8980:
8977:
8973:
8969:
8967:
8963:
8959:
8955:
8954:Dancyger, Ken
8952:
8950:
8946:
8942:
8938:
8936:
8932:
8928:
8924:
8922:
8918:
8914:
8910:
8908:
8904:
8900:
8896:
8894:
8890:
8886:
8882:
8880:
8876:
8872:
8868:
8866:
8862:
8858:
8855:Phantom Lady
8854:
8850:
8848:
8844:
8840:
8836:
8834:
8830:
8826:
8822:
8820:
8816:
8812:
8808:
8805:
8801:
8797:
8795:
8791:
8787:
8783:
8780:
8775:
8773:
8769:
8765:
8761:
8759:
8755:
8751:
8747:
8744:
8743:
8728:
8719:
8712:
8701:
8697:
8693:
8689:
8683:
8675:
8673:0-85936-209-4
8669:
8665:
8658:
8650:
8648:9781107476493
8644:
8640:
8633:
8624:
8617:
8613:
8609:
8603:
8594:
8585:
8576:
8567:
8558:
8549:
8540:
8531:
8522:
8513:
8504:
8495:
8487:
8480:
8471:
8462:
8453:
8444:
8435:
8426:
8419:
8413:
8404:
8395:
8386:
8377:
8368:
8359:
8352:
8348:
8344:
8340:
8336:
8332:
8328:
8324:
8318:
8302:
8298:
8297:
8292:
8285:
8276:
8267:
8258:
8248:
8239:
8232:
8228:
8222:
8213:
8204:
8189:
8185:
8181:
8174:
8159:
8155:
8154:The A.V. Club
8151:
8145:
8130:
8126:
8122:
8115:
8106:
8097:
8088:
8079:
8070:
8055:
8051:
8044:
8035:
8026:
8024:
8008:
8004:
7997:
7983:
7979:
7972:
7958:on 2014-11-29
7957:
7953:
7952:
7947:
7940:
7931:
7929:
7914:on 2011-01-23
7913:
7909:
7905:
7898:
7889:
7880:
7871:
7862:
7853:
7839:
7835:
7834:
7827:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7798:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7769:
7754:
7750:
7746:
7739:
7724:
7720:
7719:
7714:
7710:
7704:
7689:
7685:
7684:
7679:
7676:Nelson, Max.
7672:
7664:
7660:
7653:
7638:
7634:
7630:
7623:
7614:
7600:on 2009-09-01
7599:
7595:
7594:Village Voice
7591:
7585:
7576:
7567:
7552:
7548:
7544:
7538:
7523:
7519:
7515:
7503:on 2009-08-25
7502:
7498:
7491:
7482:
7468:on 2009-03-22
7467:
7463:
7459:
7452:
7443:
7434:
7427:
7421:
7406:
7402:
7396:
7390:
7386:
7383:
7377:
7369:
7365:
7364:
7359:
7352:
7337:
7333:
7327:
7312:
7309:. July 2021.
7308:
7307:
7302:
7296:
7282:on 2021-07-01
7281:
7277:
7271:
7256:
7252:
7246:
7237:
7228:
7213:
7209:
7203:
7188:
7184:
7178:
7164:on 2010-03-12
7163:
7159:
7153:
7147:
7138:
7123:
7119:
7113:
7111:
7101:
7099:
7089:
7082:
7070:on 2010-03-30
7069:
7065:
7061:
7055:
7049:
7040:
7025:
7024:
7019:
7015:
7014:Kael, Pauline
7009:
7000:
6991:
6982:
6975:
6969:
6960:
6944:
6940:
6933:
6924:
6922:
6912:
6905:
6901:
6895:
6886:
6877:
6861:
6857:
6853:
6849:
6842:
6833:
6824:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6803:
6794:
6787:
6781:
6772:
6763:
6749:on 2013-02-17
6748:
6744:
6737:
6723:on 2013-02-18
6722:
6718:
6711:
6702:
6700:
6685:on 2013-11-04
6681:
6674:
6667:
6658:
6649:
6640:
6631:
6622:
6613:
6604:
6595:
6580:
6576:
6572:
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6564:
6560:
6556:
6552:
6548:
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6527:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6499:
6494:
6492:
6482:
6473:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6443:
6434:
6425:
6416:
6407:
6398:
6391:
6387:
6386:
6381:
6380:
6375:
6374:
6369:
6368:
6361:
6352:
6343:
6334:
6325:
6316:
6307:
6298:
6289:
6280:
6271:
6262:
6253:
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6235:
6226:
6217:
6208:
6199:
6190:
6183:
6177:
6168:
6159:
6150:
6141:
6132:
6123:
6114:
6105:
6096:
6087:
6078:
6071:
6066:
6057:
6048:
6046:
6038:
6034:
6030:
6026:
6020:
6011:
6002:
5993:
5984:
5975:
5960:
5956:
5948:
5939:
5930:
5921:
5912:
5903:
5894:
5885:
5876:
5866:
5857:
5848:
5839:
5830:
5821:
5812:
5803:
5794:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5761:
5757:
5756:
5748:
5739:
5730:
5721:
5712:
5703:
5694:
5686:
5679:
5669:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5651:0-684-82803-0
5647:
5644:. p. 7.
5643:
5639:
5632:
5623:
5614:
5605:
5596:
5587:
5578:
5569:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5538:
5529:
5522:
5518:
5511:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5482:
5478:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5448:
5445:
5444:Howard Hughes
5441:
5437:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5390:
5389:
5385:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5329:Thom Andersen
5326:
5323:
5322:
5316:
5314:
5313:
5309:'s score for
5308:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5297:
5296:Touch of Evil
5292:
5291:Henry Mancini
5288:
5287:Buddy DeSylva
5284:
5280:
5279:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5245:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5231:
5230:The Big Sleep
5226:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5202:
5201:The Big Sleep
5197:
5193:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5163:
5159:
5150:
5149:
5148:The Big Sleep
5144:
5140:
5132:
5123:
5121:
5120:
5115:
5114:
5113:Red Rock West
5109:
5108:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5066:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5032:
5030:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5016:
5015:Touch of Evil
5012:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4991:The Big Sleep
4988:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4964:
4960:
4959:
4953:
4949:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4901:
4898:(1946) takes
4897:
4896:
4891:
4887:
4886:point of view
4883:
4878:
4876:
4873:(retro), and
4872:
4868:
4863:
4859:
4851:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4837:
4833:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4808:day-for-night
4805:
4801:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4774:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4756:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4692:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4660:The Big Sleep
4658:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4643:
4633:
4629:
4628:
4622:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4600:
4595:
4594:Tracer Bullet
4591:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4568:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4554:
4553:Sesame Street
4549:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4536:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4499:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4471:Irving Lerner
4468:
4467:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4418:
4413:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4359:
4358:
4357:The Big Steal
4353:
4352:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4320:Deanna Durbin
4317:
4316:
4311:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4259:
4258:The Animatrix
4254:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4227:(1999), like
4226:
4225:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4207:J. G. Ballard
4204:
4200:
4199:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4178:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4113:Touch of Evil
4111:(the lead in
4110:
4106:
4105:
4104:Soylent Green
4100:
4099:
4094:
4093:
4088:
4080:
4079:
4074:
4073:Harrison Ford
4070:
4065:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4013:
4012:
4007:
4003:
4002:
3997:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3962:Veronica Mars
3958:
3957:
3956:Veronica Mars
3952:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3936:Village Voice
3932:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3891:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3874:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3845:, evoke both
3844:
3843:Brad Anderson
3840:
3839:
3838:The Machinist
3834:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3725:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3714:aesthetic is
3713:
3712:'fever-dream'
3709:
3705:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3674:Coen Brothers
3671:
3670:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3536:
3534:
3533:Dennis Potter
3530:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3454:
3451:(1990), from
3450:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3412:Red Rock West
3408:
3407:
3406:Kill Me Again
3402:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3334:Dennis Hopper
3331:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3316:
3315:The Glass Key
3311:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3282:
3280:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3258:
3243:
3242:"Dub Driving"
3226:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3205:David Fincher
3201:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3190:Curtis Hanson
3187:
3182:
3180:
3179:Joe Eszterhas
3176:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3131:
3130:Body and Soul
3125:
3121:
3120:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3025:Sam Peckinpah
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:Paul Schrader
2999:
2995:
2992:. Written by
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2961:(1972). The "
2960:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2935:Robert Altman
2930:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2796:Samuel Fuller
2793:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2759:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2648:
2647:Drunken Angel
2643:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2607:Joseph Cotten
2604:
2603:Graham Greene
2600:
2599:
2598:The Third Man
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2550:The Last Page
2546:
2542:
2538:
2537:Lewis Gilbert
2534:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2493:John Boulting
2490:
2489:
2488:Brighton Rock
2479:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
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2409:
2405:
2404:
2399:
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2393:
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2387:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2325:
2323:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2289:
2260:
2259:
2258:Touch of Evil
2255:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2140:Force of Evil
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2105:The Big Sleep
2102:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1962:John Garfield
1960:and starring
1959:
1955:
1954:
1953:Force of Evil
1949:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1806:The Big Combo
1803:
1802:Dalton Trumbo
1799:
1798:
1797:The Big Combo
1793:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1770:Samuel Fuller
1763:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1686:ne plus ultra
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1662:major studios
1659:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1644:The Big Clock
1640:
1636:
1635:
1634:Kiss of Death
1630:
1629:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1534:Walter Wanger
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1501:Touch of Evil
1497:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1474:Rita Hayworth
1471:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1431:
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1422:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1383:The Wrong Man
1379:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1302:A scene from
1300:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1279:Touch of Evil
1275:
1271:
1267:
1266:Paul Schrader
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1238:(1944), with
1237:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1224:(1941), with
1223:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1180:Rita Hayworth
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1077:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1026:Boris Ingster
1023:
1022:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1002:
987:
985:
984:
979:
978:
973:
972:
967:
966:
961:
957:
953:
952:Little Caesar
949:
948:W. R. Burnett
944:
942:
941:
936:
935:
930:
929:
924:
920:
916:
915:
910:
909:
904:
900:
896:
895:
890:
889:
888:The Big Sleep
884:
883:
878:
877:
872:
871:
870:The Big Sleep
866:
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:
838:
834:
833:
828:
827:
822:
821:
816:
815:
810:
809:
808:The Glass Key
804:
803:
798:
797:
792:
788:
787:
782:
781:James M. Cain
778:
777:
772:
768:
767:crime fiction
764:
760:
752:
748:
744:
743:
737:
728:
726:
725:
720:
716:
715:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:
692:
688:
684:
682:
678:
674:
673:
668:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
649:
644:
643:
638:
637:
636:Little Caesar
632:
631:
626:
625:
620:
619:
614:
610:
608:
607:
602:
601:Arthur Edeson
598:
594:
593:
588:
584:
583:
582:The Black Cat
578:
574:
570:
569:
564:
563:
558:
554:
553:
548:
547:
541:
539:
538:
537:mise-en-scĂšne
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
512:
507:
503:
495:
491:
487:
473:
470:
466:
462:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
423:
418:
415:
411:
405:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
382:gangster film
379:
375:
370:
366:
364:
360:
354:
349:
348:Raymond Borde
345:
338:
334:
333:
311:
309:
305:
301:
300:
295:
294:
289:
285:
284:
279:
278:
273:
270:), a hapless
269:
268:
263:
262:
257:
253:
252:
251:The Big Sleep
246:
244:
240:
235:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
213:crime fiction
210:
206:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
175:
165:
147:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
123:
122:
118:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
94:
93:
89:
86:United States
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
62:
58:
54:
53:
52:The Big Combo
46:
41:
33:
19:
13258:Experimental
13253:Ethnofiction
13000:Third Cinema
12903:Persian Film
12646:Auteur films
12617:By movement
12474:Swashbuckler
12333:Ozploitation
12328:Outlaw biker
12208:Martial arts
12203:Magical girl
12053:Exploitation
12048:Ethnographic
11977:Mafia comedy
11620:Pornographic
11497:Psycho-biddy
11482:Lovecraftian
11347:
11316:Contemporary
11297:
11291:Exploitation
11286:Experimental
11166:Mockumentary
11035:Biographical
10869:
10736:Weird menace
10676:General info
10603:Palm Springs
10583:Alain Silver
10552:
10500:Alain Silver
10486:
10474:
10368:
10362:
10356:
10335:
10321:
10307:
10293:
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9815:
9808:
9794:
9780:
9769:
9755:
9741:
9727:
9713:
9698:
9686:
9679:
9676:James Ursini
9668:
9664:
9657:
9653:
9649:
9635:
9621:
9614:
9611:Film Comment
9610:
9593:
9579:
9565:
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9537:
9523:
9516:
9512:
9505:
9502:Film Comment
9501:
9497:
9483:
9479:
9465:
9451:
9437:
9423:
9406:
9388:
9374:
9370:, August 25.
9367:
9353:
9346:
9342:
9335:
9332:City Streets
9331:
9314:
9300:
9286:
9272:
9265:
9261:
9255:Film Comment
9254:
9236:
9222:
9208:
9194:
9191:Blade Runner
9190:
9176:
9155:
9141:
9127:
9110:
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8838:
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8810:
8803:
8799:
8785:
8763:
8749:
8727:
8718:
8710:
8704:. Retrieved
8691:
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8358:
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8338:
8334:
8330:
8326:
8322:
8317:
8307:February 22,
8305:. Retrieved
8294:
8284:
8275:
8266:
8257:
8247:
8238:
8230:
8226:
8221:
8212:
8203:
8192:. Retrieved
8184:The Guardian
8183:
8173:
8162:. Retrieved
8153:
8144:
8133:. Retrieved
8124:
8114:
8105:
8096:
8087:
8078:
8069:
8058:. Retrieved
8043:
8034:
8011:. Retrieved
8003:"Ex Machina"
7996:
7985:. Retrieved
7981:
7971:
7960:. Retrieved
7956:the original
7949:
7939:
7916:. Retrieved
7912:the original
7907:
7897:
7888:
7879:
7870:
7861:
7852:
7842:, retrieved
7832:
7826:
7815:. Retrieved
7806:
7797:
7786:. Retrieved
7777:
7768:
7757:. Retrieved
7748:
7738:
7727:. Retrieved
7716:
7703:
7692:. Retrieved
7683:Film Comment
7681:
7671:
7652:
7641:. Retrieved
7633:The Guardian
7632:
7622:
7613:
7602:. Retrieved
7598:the original
7593:
7584:
7575:
7566:
7555:. Retrieved
7546:
7537:
7526:. Retrieved
7520:. KPBS.org.
7505:. Retrieved
7501:the original
7490:
7481:
7470:. Retrieved
7466:the original
7461:
7451:
7442:
7433:
7420:
7409:. Retrieved
7395:
7376:
7361:
7351:
7340:. Retrieved
7326:
7315:. Retrieved
7304:
7295:
7284:. Retrieved
7280:the original
7270:
7259:. Retrieved
7245:
7236:
7227:
7216:. Retrieved
7202:
7191:. Retrieved
7177:
7166:. Retrieved
7162:the original
7151:
7146:
7137:
7126:. Retrieved
7088:
7080:
7072:. Retrieved
7068:the original
7063:
7053:
7048:
7039:
7027:. Retrieved
7021:
7008:
6999:
6990:
6981:
6973:
6968:
6959:
6947:. Retrieved
6932:
6911:
6903:
6899:
6894:
6885:
6876:
6864:. Retrieved
6851:
6841:
6832:
6823:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6802:
6793:
6785:
6780:
6771:
6762:
6751:. Retrieved
6747:the original
6736:
6725:. Retrieved
6721:the original
6710:
6687:. Retrieved
6680:the original
6666:
6657:
6648:
6639:
6630:
6621:
6612:
6603:
6594:
6583:. Retrieved
6550:
6546:
6534:
6501:
6497:
6490:
6481:
6472:
6461:. Retrieved
6452:
6442:
6433:
6424:
6415:
6406:
6397:
6389:
6383:
6377:
6371:
6365:
6360:
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6131:
6122:
6113:
6104:
6095:
6086:
6077:
6069:
6065:
6056:
6036:
6033:Law and Film
6032:
6028:
6025:City Streets
6024:
6019:
6010:
6001:
5992:
5983:
5974:
5963:. Retrieved
5947:
5938:
5929:
5920:
5911:
5902:
5893:
5884:
5875:
5865:
5856:
5847:
5838:
5829:
5820:
5811:
5802:
5793:
5782:. Retrieved
5754:
5747:
5738:
5729:
5720:
5711:
5702:
5693:
5684:
5678:
5668:
5637:
5631:
5622:
5613:
5604:
5595:
5586:
5577:
5568:
5556:. Retrieved
5547:
5537:
5528:
5520:
5516:
5510:
5499:. Retrieved
5490:
5481:
5456:
5451:
5439:
5435:
5427:
5421:
5420:, while the
5417:
5409:
5405:
5397:
5393:
5388:
5310:
5300:
5294:
5282:
5276:
5270:
5264:
5261:Franz Waxman
5254:
5248:
5242:
5239:MiklĂłs RĂłzsa
5234:
5228:
5222:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5183:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5154:
5146:
5117:
5111:
5105:
5101:The Hot Spot
5099:
5093:
5087:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:Plein soleil
5063:
5057:
5047:
5039:
5033:
5028:
5025:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4968:
4956:
4930:
4920:
4916:
4913:Pulp Fiction
4912:
4908:
4904:
4893:
4881:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4855:
4843:
4818:
4816:
4799:
4784:
4777:
4776:(1958), and
4771:
4765:
4759:
4753:
4734:
4731:Visual style
4700:Kirk Douglas
4689:
4667:
4664:Dark Passage
4663:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4625:
4603:
4597:
4583:
4565:
4551:
4533:
4531:
4524:
4512:Blood Simple
4510:
4502:deconstructs
4500:caustically
4497:
4488:
4482:
4478:
4464:
4462:
4454:
4449:as neo-noir
4433:
4425:
4421:
4415:
4414:, while his
4405:
4395:
4391:
4381:
4375:
4365:
4355:
4351:Private Eyes
4349:
4343:
4342:appeared in
4333:
4323:
4313:
4307:
4298:femme fatale
4297:
4290:Frankenstein
4283:
4281:
4276:Cowboy Bebop
4274:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4253:Mamoru Oshii
4246:
4240:
4229:Blade Runner
4228:
4222:
4216:
4210:
4196:
4194:
4187:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4163:
4153:
4150:Ridley Scott
4145:Blade Runner
4143:
4137:
4130:
4124:
4117:Whit Bissell
4112:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4084:
4078:Blade Runner
4076:
4044:Aidan Gillen
4037:
4031:
4021:Nightcrawler
4019:
4009:
4006:Claire Denis
3999:
3989:
3979:
3973:
3970:Kim Jee-woon
3967:
3960:
3954:
3944:
3941:Rian Johnson
3934:
3924:
3914:
3903:Frank Miller
3888:
3877:
3871:
3869:
3858:
3850:
3846:
3836:
3832:
3822:
3816:
3810:
3806:Training Day
3804:
3798:
3792:
3778:
3772:
3765:
3759:
3753:
3743:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3722:
3715:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3692:(2012), and
3687:
3679:Blood Simple
3677:
3667:
3659:Lost Highway
3657:
3651:
3643:Blade Runner
3641:
3635:
3633:
3621:
3609:
3585:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3545:Michael Mann
3542:
3526:
3510:Moonlighting
3508:
3502:
3501:(1997), and
3496:
3490:
3484:
3472:Out of Sight
3470:
3460:
3452:
3448:The Hot Spot
3446:
3440:
3436:The Grifters
3434:
3428:
3424:The Kill-Off
3422:
3416:
3415:(1992), and
3410:
3404:
3396:Pulp Fiction
3394:
3388:
3382:
3367:
3357:
3349:
3348:(1997). The
3345:Lost Highway
3343:
3337:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3293:Blood Simple
3291:
3285:
3276:
3266:Lost Highway
3264:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3200:James Ellroy
3193:
3185:
3183:
3168:
3162:
3161:(1991), and
3156:
3150:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3104:femme fatale
3096:Sharon Stone
3078:
3075:Long Goodbye
3074:
3070:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3038:
3035:Jim Thompson
3028:
3022:
3015:
3005:
2994:Robert Towne
2987:
2981:
2966:
2956:
2945:iconoclastic
2938:
2931:
2924:
2914:
2908:
2905:John Boorman
2894:
2888:
2880:
2874:
2864:
2858:
2844:
2838:
2823:The Fugitive
2821:
2809:
2799:
2789:
2779:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2756:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2693:David Goodis
2682:
2676:
2669:
2665:High and Low
2663:
2662:(1960), and
2657:
2651:
2645:
2635:
2629:
2625:
2619:
2615:Citizen Kane
2614:
2611:Orson Welles
2596:
2585:Gene Tierney
2574:
2570:
2564:
2563:(1952), and
2558:
2554:
2548:
2547:, including
2530:
2520:
2506:
2496:
2486:
2483:
2471:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2448:(1967), and
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2411:
2401:
2400:(1954), and
2395:
2389:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2360:Jules Dassin
2356:
2348:Marcel Carné
2341:
2333:Pépé le Moko
2331:
2328:
2319:
2307:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2223:The Big Heat
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2028:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1995:(1944), and
1990:
1986:Phantom Lady
1984:
1976:
1970:
1965:
1951:
1937:
1934:Rudolph Maté
1927:
1923:
1919:
1911:
1901:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1835:
1829:
1819:
1813:
1810:Phil Karlson
1805:
1795:
1789:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1755:
1743:
1729:
1719:
1713:
1710:Anthony Mann
1703:
1699:Born to Kill
1697:
1685:
1681:
1658:double bills
1655:
1648:
1642:
1637:(1947)) and
1632:
1626:
1616:
1610:
1602:The Enforcer
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1537:
1530:Joan Bennett
1521:
1515:
1509:
1506:The Stranger
1505:
1499:
1495:The Stranger
1493:
1487:
1485:
1477:
1461:
1455:
1452:Nicholas Ray
1445:
1439:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1403:Fallen Angel
1401:
1391:
1381:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1353:
1347:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1314:noir fiction
1310:Nicholas Ray
1303:
1277:
1273:
1251:
1248:
1233:
1219:
1213:
1208:(1946), and
1203:
1193:
1183:
1168:femme fatale
1157:
1147:
1118:femme fatale
1107:
1089:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1047:
1033:
1019:
1017:
1010:
1004:
1001:City Streets
1000:
998:
981:
980:(1942), and
975:
969:
963:
959:
956:Warner Bros.
951:
945:
938:
937:(1946), and
932:
926:
919:noir fiction
912:
911:(1946), and
906:
902:
899:screenwriter
892:
891:(1946), and
886:
880:
874:
868:
863:
859:City Streets
858:
854:
842:City Streets
840:
836:
830:
829:(1946), and
824:
818:
812:
806:
800:
794:
784:
774:
756:
740:
722:
712:
709:Jules Dassin
701:Billy Wilder
694:
685:
677:Orson Welles
672:Citizen Kane
670:
664:
661:Warner Bros.
646:
640:
634:
628:
622:
616:
611:
604:
590:
580:
573:photographed
566:
560:
550:
544:
542:
535:
509:
499:
494:femme fatale
465:Alain Silver
463:
456:
436:femme fatale
424:
420:
413:
407:
403:
400:
371:
367:
362:
358:
341:
337:Orson Welles
332:The Stranger
330:
297:
291:
288:femme fatale
281:
275:
265:
261:The Big Heat
259:
249:
247:
236:
223:
221:
189:
182:crime dramas
145:
144:
69:Years active
50:
13553:Film genres
13484:Video nasty
13479:Underground
13464:Slow cinema
13434:Sceneggiata
13322:Live action
13300:Independent
13280:Film Ă clef
13248:Docufiction
13216:Compilation
13191:Blockbuster
13159:Traditional
13154:Stop-motion
13090:Chick flick
12948:Slow cinema
12938:Remodernist
12753:Free Cinema
12733:Erra Cinema
12698:Cinema Novo
12576:Revisionist
12085:Gendai-geki
12021:Psychedelic
12009:Apocalyptic
11875:Beach party
11770:Slow cinema
11743:Space opera
11708:Fantastique
11579:Sceneggiata
11569:Musicarello
11442:Fantastique
11321:Fantastique
11264:Educational
11191:Video essay
11146:Documentary
10812:Tartan Noir
10785:locked room
10763:Legal drama
10547:Lee Horsley
10538:Roger Ebert
10465:UC Berkeley
9845:(excerpted
9826:(excerpted
9328:Macek, Carl
9177:Film Soleil
9173:Holm, D. K.
8688:"film noir"
8664:Double Life
8125:Den of Geek
7709:Taubin, Amy
7428: : 123
6812:Point Blank
6784:See, e.g.,
6367:The Suspect
5558:19 November
5487:"Film Noir"
5428:films noirs
5426:lists only
5398:films noirs
5312:Taxi Driver
5256:Criss Cross
5250:The Killers
5225:Max Steiner
5083:The Killers
5074:Blazing Sun
5070:Purple Noon
5044:Robert Ryan
5007:The Killers
4979:existential
4758:(1945) and
4745:chiaroscuro
4694:, in which
4672:denouements
4590:comic strip
4588:(1989) and
4548:Dirty Harry
4498:Taxi Driver
4484:Taxi Driver
4479:Le SamouraĂŻ
4456:Taxi Driver
4402:Carl Reiner
4273:(2001) and
4245:(1995) and
4189:Brute Force
4174:(1998) and
4129:(1950) and
4014:(2013) and
3986:Na Hong-jin
3981:Point Blank
3901:created by
3876:(2002) and
3855:Shane Black
3853:. In 2005,
3833:Le SamouraĂŻ
3818:Harsh Times
3797:(1954) and
3694:Danny Boyle
3653:Blue Velvet
3648:David Lynch
3637:Taxi Driver
3629:urban decay
3625:consumerist
3597:chiaroscuro
3593:consumerism
3568:Crime Story
3553:(1981) and
3519:Stacy Keach
3481:David Mamet
3462:Miami Blues
3442:The Getaway
3393:(1992) and
3369:Naked Lunch
3339:Blue Velvet
3330:David Lynch
3310:Red Harvest
3296:(1984) and
3261:David Lynch
3222:sui generis
3152:Black Widow
3133:(1947) and
3119:Raging Bull
3030:The Getaway
3012:Walter Hill
3007:Taxi Driver
2953:Woody Allen
2910:Point Blank
2885:Arthur Penn
2772:(1961) and
2740:Blind Shaft
2560:Stolen Face
2445:Le SamouraĂŻ
2418:Louis Malle
2391:Casque d'Or
2378:(1947) and
2304:Miles Davis
2112:The Killers
2009:Criss Cross
2004:Criss Cross
1977:The Killers
1794:(1950) and
1778:(1953) and
1694:Robert Wise
1666:Poverty Row
1639:John Farrow
1599:(1949) and
1584:High Sierra
1581:(1941) and
1567:Raoul Walsh
1552:Brute Force
1460:(1948) and
1450:(1950) was
1438:(1950) and
1380:(1951) and
1352:(1948) and
1344:John Huston
1262:Mike Hammer
1240:Dick Powell
1205:The Killers
1200:Ava Gardner
1190:Lana Turner
1128:narration,
1120:, multiple
1030:Peter Lorre
1009:(1936) and
971:High Sierra
928:Black Angel
805:(1941) and
776:Red Harvest
645:(1931) and
621:(1932) and
597:James Whale
577:Karl Freund
549:(1932) and
444:horror film
432:private eye
351: [
232:SĂ©rie noire
13537:Categories
13404:Paracinema
13389:Neorealist
13384:Mythopoeia
13369:Mockbuster
13334:Low-budget
13275:Featurette
13108:technique,
13106:By format,
12985:Surrealist
12980:Structural
12858:New German
12848:Neorealist
12843:Mumblecore
12783:Heimatfilm
12743:Film d'art
12708:Cinéma pur
12442:South Seas
12415:Sex report
11681:Paranormal
11644:Propaganda
11544:Mumblecore
11331:Historical
11213:Historical
11102:Remarriage
11092:Mo lei tau
10921:historical
10753:Hardboiled
10433:Audio help
10424:2019-07-26
9193:", in his
8806:35, no. 1.
8706:2009-02-10
8347:Party Girl
8329:, but not
8327:Party Girl
8194:2018-04-25
8164:2023-02-03
8135:2023-02-03
8060:2018-04-25
8013:2015-06-03
7987:2012-01-25
7982:PopMatters
7962:2014-03-26
7918:2009-09-29
7844:2021-10-31
7817:2021-10-31
7788:2021-10-31
7759:2021-10-31
7729:2017-06-03
7694:2017-06-03
7643:2010-10-10
7604:2009-09-29
7557:2010-09-15
7528:2009-09-29
7507:2009-09-29
7472:2010-02-11
7411:2020-01-30
7342:2020-01-30
7317:2021-07-02
7286:2021-07-02
7261:2020-01-30
7218:2020-01-30
7193:2020-01-28
7168:2009-09-29
7128:2020-02-15
7074:2009-09-29
6949:2012-04-19
6866:August 27,
6808:Mickey One
6753:2013-03-31
6727:2013-03-31
6689:2013-03-31
6585:2022-06-06
6463:2018-04-30
5965:2010-02-25
5784:2020-06-07
5642:Free Press
5501:2021-04-18
5465:Caravaggio
5418:film noirs
5410:film noirs
5406:films noir
5302:Peter Gunn
5119:Miami Vice
5036:D. K. Holm
5029:White Heat
4946:Lee Server
4917:Fight Club
4858:flashbacks
4791:wide-angle
4773:Party Girl
4397:Casablanca
4388:Peter Falk
4362:Don Siegel
4315:Wonder Man
4310:Danny Kaye
4285:Ex Machina
4264:The Matrix
4165:12 Monkeys
4092:Alphaville
4062:See also:
4016:Dan Gilroy
3921:Sam Mendes
3847:Fight Club
3829:Tom Cruise
3824:Collateral
3789:David Ayer
3780:The Pledge
3742:. Lynch's
3650:, such as
3605:entrapment
3601:alienation
3581:soundtrack
3562:Miami Vice
3350:Twin Peaks
3279:media help
3219:(1999), a
3216:Fight Club
3017:The Driver
2977:John Shaft
2899:and other
2890:Mickey One
2881:Breathless
2861:archetypes
2845:Breathless
2818:Korean War
2801:Brainstorm
2751:See also:
2631:Ossessione
2593:Carol Reed
2322:media help
2161:White Heat
2017:Dan Duryea
1898:Ida Lupino
1740:Eagle-Lion
1726:John Alton
1705:The Set-Up
1596:White Heat
1421:Angel Face
1210:Jane Greer
1142:Jane Greer
1134:fatalistic
1122:flashbacks
851:Lee Garmes
796:Black Mask
759:hardboiled
742:Black Mask
657:fatalistic
630:Underworld
516:Fritz Lang
476:Background
314:Definition
267:The Set-Up
239:melodramas
228:Nino Frank
211:school of
209:hardboiled
120:Influenced
91:Influences
61:John Alton
18:Films noir
13543:Film noir
13394:No-budget
13359:Meta-film
13327:animation
13285:Film-poem
13221:Composite
13166:Anthology
13129:Animation
13124:Actuality
13110:approach,
12878:New Queer
12798:Indiewood
12748:Film gris
12619:or period
12596:Spaghetti
12519:Submarine
12499:Vigilante
12464:Superhero
12218:Chopsocky
12164:Jidaigeki
12033:Dystopian
11932:Detective
11890:Buddy cop
11880:Body swap
11810:Political
11790:Financial
11753:Tokusatsu
11748:Steampunk
11664:Bromantic
11636:Malayalam
11615:Crossover
11591:Detective
11559:Backstage
11507:Religious
11363:Tech noir
11358:Pulp noir
11348:Film noir
11223:Melodrama
11161:Docudrama
11134:Cyberpunk
11127:Slapstick
11117:Screwball
11077:Gross out
11040:Christian
11018:Adventure
10889:Character
10817:Tart Noir
10716:Detective
10697:Subgenres
10661:Detective
10623:from the
10581:essay by
10545:essay by
10451:Film noir
10389:hour and
10322:Film Noir
9861:Film Noir
9498:Film Noir
9480:Film Noir
9330:(1980). "
9021:Film Noir
7807:Discovery
7029:March 21,
6575:225451304
6567:1757-6466
6526:146184141
6518:0022-281X
5955:"Carmady"
5774:993983488
5473:Citations
5461:tenebrism
5394:film noir
5325:Film gris
5192:film noir
5180:Chinatown
5162:Red Scare
5089:Dead Calm
4975:alienated
4971:fall guys
4938:con games
4895:The Chase
4862:narrative
4787:low-angle
4741:contrasts
4648:Suspicion
4610:season 14
4544:fetishism
4171:Dark City
4140:cyberpunk
4064:Tech noir
3857:directed
3812:Dark Blue
3800:Rogue Cop
3775:Sean Penn
3773:Director
3755:Following
3539:Neon-noir
3401:John Dahl
3354:TV series
3186:Chinatown
3158:Shattered
3142:Body Heat
2989:Chinatown
2775:Cape Fear
2653:Stray Dog
2557:; 1952),
2473:Stray Dog
2433:Le Doulos
2181:Gun Crazy
2119:Notorious
1920:Gun Crazy
1875:Hugo Haas
1791:Gun Crazy
1653:(1948)).
1618:Crossfire
1526:Universal
1409:Whirlpool
1371:Notorious
1349:Key Largo
1230:Sam Spade
1126:voiceover
763:detective
681:voiceover
568:The Mummy
557:Universal
520:sound era
283:Gun Crazy
224:film noir
222:The term
190:film noir
179:Hollywood
146:Film noir
136:Tech noir
77:neo-noirs
38:Film noir
13512:Category
13399:One-shot
13263:Abstract
13149:Computer
12833:Lettrist
12728:Dogme 95
12656:Bourekas
12626:Absolute
12566:Northern
12561:Meat pie
12514:Euro War
12509:Anti-war
12375:Rumberas
12296:Mountain
12198:Luchador
12154:Homeland
12142:Shotacon
12115:Suburban
12043:Economic
12004:Disaster
11937:Gangster
11912:Colonial
11902:Cannibal
11863:By theme
11820:Romantic
11775:Thriller
11733:New Wave
11728:Military
11686:Thriller
11654:Romantic
11601:Whodunit
11574:Operetta
11554:Arthouse
11522:Splatter
11417:Cannibal
11407:Arthouse
11390:Suburban
11380:Southern
11353:Neo-noir
11257:Thriller
11151:Animated
11139:Japanese
11107:Romantic
11097:Thriller
11023:Survival
11001:Arthouse
10989:By style
10875:Neo-noir
10827:Whodunit
10822:Thriller
10768:thriller
10595:Archived
10575:Archived
10564:Archived
10530:Archived
10518:Archived
10507:Archived
10492:Archived
10435: ·
9850:Archived
9422:(1998).
9396:Archived
9244:Archived
9175:(2005).
9163:Archived
9126:(1999).
9086:Archived
8979:Archived
8748:(1997).
8700:Archived
8301:Archived
8188:Archived
8158:Archived
8129:Archived
8054:Archived
8007:Archived
7838:archived
7811:Archived
7782:Archived
7753:Archived
7749:Deadline
7723:Archived
7711:(2013).
7688:Archived
7663:Archived
7637:Archived
7551:Archived
7522:Archived
7518:"Thirst"
7405:Archived
7385:Archived
7368:Archived
7363:HuffPost
7336:Archived
7311:Archived
7255:Archived
7212:Archived
7187:Archived
7122:Archived
6943:Archived
6860:Archived
6579:Archived
6457:Archived
6388:(a.k.a.
5959:Archived
5778:Archived
5660:36330881
5552:Archived
5495:Archived
5374:Neo-noir
5319:See also
5184:Hot Spot
5110:(1991),
5107:Delusion
5104:(1990),
5098:(1990),
5092:(1989),
5078:Full Sun
5046:vehicle
4900:oneirism
4770:(1956),
4572:Guy Noir
4517:pastiche
4507:splatter
4451:antihero
4412:pastiche
4330:Bob Hope
4304:Parodies
4279:(1998).
4168:(1995),
4135:(1952).
4024:(2014).
4011:Bastards
4004:(2011),
3994:(2010),
3984:(2010),
3890:Sin City
3882:(2009),
3770:(2002).
3767:Insomnia
3676:' debut
3669:Blow Out
3640:(1976),
3495:(1991),
3492:Homicide
3489:(1987),
3433:(1990),
3427:(1989),
3409:(1989),
3155:(1987),
3136:Champion
2986:'s 1974
2923:(1971's
2907:(1967's
2903:films),
2887:(1965's
2753:Neo-noir
2734:Croupier
2728:Insomnia
2679:neo-noir
2656:(1949),
2650:(1948),
2571:Blackout
2569:(a.k.a.
2555:Man Bait
2553:(a.k.a.
2461:The Fear
2436:(1962),
2394:(1952),
2001:(1948).
1883:(1951),
1860:Ruthless
1721:Raw Deal
1670:Monogram
1647:(1948),
1631:(1946),
1615:(1944),
1578:Manpower
1575:(1940),
1412:(1949),
1406:(1945),
1386:(1956),
1374:(1946),
1368:(1943),
1342:(1941),
1288:neo-noir
1284:allusion
1198:(1946),
1188:(1946),
1154:pre-Code
1092:B movies
995:Overview
986:(1950).
974:(1941),
962:, while
960:Scarface
943:(1947).
931:(1946),
823:(1945),
817:(1944),
793:such as
648:Scarface
639:(1931),
565:(1931),
434:and the
308:neo-noir
131:Neo-noir
83:Location
13494:Z movie
13270:Feature
13206:Collage
13176:B movie
13144:Cartoon
12883:No wave
12551:Florida
12546:Fantasy
12526:Western
12469:Surfing
12457:Eurospy
12427:Slavery
12277:Vampire
12257:Monster
12228:Kung fu
12169:Samurai
12137:Lolicon
12105:Romance
11952:Gong'an
11922:Concert
11907:Chicano
11870:Animals
11758:Western
11713:Fantasy
11671:Fantasy
11649:Reality
11586:Mystery
11564:Jukebox
11549:Musical
11527:Satanic
11517:Slasher
11487:Natural
11467:Holiday
11375:Romance
11341:Science
11306:Fantasy
11208:Dramedy
11072:Dramedy
10916:private
10865:Mystery
10775:Mystery
10748:Gong'an
10665:mystery
10467:Library
10422: (
10393:minutes
9843:Variety
9835:Variety
9824:Variety
9816:Variety
8739:Sources
8351:Vertigo
8335:Vertigo
8331:Vertigo
7306:YouTube
6786:Variety
6072:(1940).
6070:Variety
5349:B movie
5259:), and
5049:Inferno
4958:Pursued
4942:Amnesia
4921:Memento
4779:Vertigo
4761:Niagara
4627:Vertigo
4294:android
4212:Gattaca
4183:Alien 3
3851:Memento
3761:Memento
3577:hip hop
3269:(1997).
2965:" film
2716:El Aura
2458:" and "
2442:1966),
2403:Le Trou
2172:1950â58
2040:1940â49
1745:Dragnet
1593:(1947)ïŒ
1536:, made
1316:writer
1057:Variety
1046:scale,
1044:B movie
783:(whose
562:Dracula
452:musical
428:Western
392:to the
388:to the
384:to the
344:oneiric
272:grifter
194:low-key
186:cynical
170:French:
13522:Portal
13459:Silent
13449:Shinpa
13444:Serial
13429:Satire
13414:Poetry
13344:Masala
13073:ShĆnen
13056:Seinen
12571:Ostern
12556:Horror
12489:Travel
12447:Sports
12370:Rubble
12343:Prison
12311:Nature
12282:Zombie
12223:Gun fu
12159:Isekai
12132:Hentai
12100:Gothic
12026:Stoner
11992:Yakuza
11947:GokudĆ
11895:Female
11825:Techno
11795:Giallo
11785:Erotic
11780:Comedy
11723:Horror
11718:Gothic
11703:Comedy
11676:Gothic
11659:Comedy
11608:Giallo
11462:Giallo
11432:Comedy
11402:Horror
11370:Gothic
11311:Comedy
11237:Erotic
11228:Korean
11186:Travel
11176:Pseudo
11122:Silent
11087:Parody
11082:Horror
11050:Action
11045:Comedy
10996:Action
10982:genres
10911:police
10906:female
10807:Spy-Fi
10797:Nordic
10743:Giallo
10731:occult
10667:, and
10342:
10328:
10314:
10300:
10286:
10272:
10258:
10244:
10230:
10216:
10202:
10181:
10167:
10153:
10139:
10121:
10107:
10093:
10079:
10065:
10051:
10037:
10017:
10003:
9989:
9975:
9961:
9947:
9924:
9910:
9878:
9847:online
9828:online
9801:
9787:
9774:online
9762:
9748:
9734:
9720:
9705:
9693:
9642:
9628:
9600:
9586:
9572:
9558:
9544:
9530:
9490:
9482:", in
9472:
9458:
9444:
9430:
9413:
9393:online
9381:
9360:
9321:
9307:
9293:
9279:
9241:online
9229:
9215:
9201:
9183:
9160:online
9148:
9134:
9117:
9103:
9083:online
9071:
9057:
9040:Detour
9025:Cinema
9010:
8996:
8976:online
8964:
8947:
8933:
8919:
8905:
8891:
8877:
8863:
8845:
8831:
8817:
8792:
8779:online
8770:
8756:
8670:
8645:
6573:
6565:
6524:
6516:
5870:9â12).
5772:
5762:
5658:
5648:
5408:, and
5143:Bacall
5139:Bogart
5042:; the
5013:, and
4997:, and
4934:heists
4919:, and
4909:D.O.A.
4793:, and
4749:cliché
4666:, and
4546:, and
4542:, gun
4459:(1976)
4364:, and
4052:cosmos
3923:, and
3879:Thirst
3704:Trance
3699:Trance
3523:series
3469:; and
3063:, and
2853:motifs
2798:, and
2529:; and
2410:; and
2369:Rififi
2352:Mexico
2340:, and
2188:D.O.A.
2091:Detour
1929:D.O.A.
1912:Detour
1894:(1958)
1880:Pickup
1848:Detour
1757:Detour
1708:) and
1482:(1947)
1232:, and
705:auteur
663:drama
506:Nazism
416:(1997)
412:,
299:D.O.A.
13474:Sound
13454:Short
13211:Color
13134:Anime
13095:Josei
13085:Women
13078:ShĆjo
13046:Anime
13036:Black
13031:Adult
12591:Space
12494:Trial
12437:Snuff
12348:Women
12323:Opera
12272:Mummy
12267:Kaiju
12250:Anime
12245:Mecha
12238:Wuxia
12233:Ninja
12181:LGBTQ
12176:KaitĆ
12127:Harem
12110:Space
12090:Ghost
12038:Ecchi
11999:Dance
11972:Mafia
11957:Heist
11927:Crime
11885:Buddy
11854:Trick
11800:Legal
11457:Ghost
11395:Urban
11385:Space
11218:Legal
11198:Drama
11171:Mondo
11055:Black
10926:teams
10880:Trial
10860:Heist
10711:Caper
10704:Theme
8252:396).
7908:Salon
7064:Salon
6816:Klute
6683:(PDF)
6676:(PDF)
6571:S2CID
6522:S2CID
5380:Notes
5219:Music
5003:Laura
4494:'
4237:anime
4198:Crash
4028:2020s
4001:Drive
3946:Brick
3575:- or
3550:Thief
3521:in a
3504:Heist
3455:, by
3378:novel
3299:Fargo
3210:Seven
3184:Like
3106:, in
2968:Shaft
2949:mores
2926:Klute
2098:Gilda
2063:Laura
1715:T-Men
1393:Laura
1185:Gilda
1176:Oscar
1124:with
579:âand
355:]
293:Gilda
286:), a
254:), a
243:genre
13231:Cult
13068:Teen
13061:Stag
13052:Men
12531:Acid
12365:Road
12355:Race
12191:Yuri
12186:Yaoi
12016:Drug
11967:Hood
11412:Body
11326:High
11296:see
11274:Epic
11247:Pink
11181:Semi
11065:Sexy
10979:Film
10901:male
10870:Noir
10792:Noir
10780:cozy
10726:girl
10585:and
10570:and
10513:and
10459:and
10340:ISBN
10326:ISBN
10312:ISBN
10298:ISBN
10284:ISBN
10270:ISBN
10256:ISBN
10242:ISBN
10228:ISBN
10214:ISBN
10200:ISBN
10179:ISBN
10165:ISBN
10151:ISBN
10137:ISBN
10119:ISBN
10105:ISBN
10091:ISBN
10077:ISBN
10063:ISBN
10049:ISBN
10035:ISBN
10015:ISBN
10001:ISBN
9987:ISBN
9973:ISBN
9959:ISBN
9945:ISBN
9922:ISBN
9908:ISBN
9876:ISBN
9841:" ,
9822:" ,
9799:ISBN
9785:ISBN
9760:ISBN
9746:ISBN
9732:ISBN
9718:ISBN
9703:ISBN
9691:ISBN
9640:ISBN
9626:ISBN
9598:ISBN
9584:ISBN
9570:ISBN
9556:ISBN
9542:ISBN
9528:ISBN
9488:ISBN
9470:ISBN
9456:ISBN
9442:ISBN
9428:ISBN
9411:ISBN
9379:ISBN
9368:Life
9358:ISBN
9319:ISBN
9305:ISBN
9291:ISBN
9277:ISBN
9227:ISBN
9213:ISBN
9199:ISBN
9181:ISBN
9146:ISBN
9132:ISBN
9115:ISBN
9101:ISBN
9069:ISBN
9055:ISBN
9008:ISBN
8994:ISBN
8962:ISBN
8945:ISBN
8931:ISBN
8917:ISBN
8903:ISBN
8889:ISBN
8875:ISBN
8861:ISBN
8843:ISBN
8829:ISBN
8815:ISBN
8790:ISBN
8768:ISBN
8754:ISBN
8668:ISBN
8643:ISBN
8616:noir
8608:mood
8345:and
8339:noir
8325:and
8309:2023
7079:For
7052:For
7031:2024
6898:For
6868:2017
6806:For
6563:ISSN
6514:ISSN
6370:and
6029:Fury
5770:OCLC
5760:ISBN
5656:OCLC
5646:ISBN
5560:2020
5293:for
5266:Fury
5211:and
5141:and
4907:and
4838:and
4735:The
4698:and
4394:and
4270:Noir
4032:The
3907:pulp
3849:and
3603:and
3591:and
3573:rock
3556:Heat
3312:and
2609:and
2583:and
2515:and
1936:and
1818:and
1718:and
1428:and
1324:and
1274:noir
1140:and
1083:Life
1006:Fury
765:and
530:and
438:are
376:and
13171:Art
13139:Art
12504:War
12452:Spy
11698:Art
11437:Eco
11112:Sex
11030:Art
10802:Spy
10572:III
10515:(3)
10504:(2)
9500:",
9023:",
8802:",
6555:doi
6506:doi
5455:In
5404:),
5281:).
5237:),
5145:in
5076:or
5056:'s
4936:or
4596:of
4432:'s
4428:).
4374:'s
4205:by
4018:'s
3998:âs
3988:âs
3972:âs
3943:'s
3777:'s
3696:âs
3666:'s
3403:'s
3336:in
3098:as
3027:'s
2873:'s
2837:in
2628:as
2595:'s
1948:MGM
1762:PRC
1268:, "
1242:as
1228:as
1212:in
1202:in
1192:in
1182:in
1166:'s
1063:sic
1052:RKO
885:),
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711:of
161:ÉËr
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10133:to
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