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3115:-hour delay after the Union victory on Matthews' Hill, which allowed the Confederates to bring up reinforcements and establish a defensive position on Henry Hill. On Henry Hill, Beauregard had also limited his control to the regimental level, generally allowing the battle to continue on its own and only reacting to Union moves. Johnston's decision to transport his infantry to the battlefield by rail played a major role in the Confederate victory. Although the trains were slow and a lack of sufficient cars did not allow the transport of large numbers of troops at one time, almost all of his army arrived in time to participate in the battle. After reaching Manassas Junction, Johnston had relinquished command of the battlefield to Beauregard, but his forwarding of reinforcements to the scene of fighting was decisive. Jackson and Bee's brigades had done the largest share of fighting in the battle; Jackson's brigade had fought almost alone for four hours and sustained over 50% casualties.
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2918:) nickname, "Stonewall". Bee was shot through the stomach shortly afterwards and died the next day, thus it is unclear exactly what he said or meant. Moreover, none of his subordinates wrote reports of the battle, so there is no first-hand account of the exchange. Major Burnett Rhett, chief of staff to General Johnston, claimed that Bee was angry at Jackson's failure to come immediately to the relief of Bee's and Bartow's brigades while they were under heavy pressure. Those who subscribe to this opinion believe that Bee's statement was meant to be pejorative: "Look at Jackson standing there like a stone wall!" After Bee's wounding, Col.
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5108:, a congressional body created to investigate Northern military affairs. Concerning the Battle of First Bull Run, the committee listened to testimony from a variety of witnesses connected with McDowell's army. Although the committee's report concluded that the principal cause of defeat was Patterson's failure to prevent Johnston from reinforcing Beauregard, Patterson's enlistment had expired a few days after the battle, and he was no longer in the service. The Northern public clamored for another scapegoat, and McDowell bore the chief blame. On July 25, he was relieved of army command and replaced by Maj. Gen.
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958:(Tyler's Division) would harass the enemy at Blackburn's Ford, preventing them from thwarting the main attack. Patterson would tie down Johnston in the Shenandoah Valley so that reinforcements could not reach the area. Although McDowell had arrived at a theoretically sound plan, it had a number of flaws: it was one that required synchronized execution of troop movements and attacks, skills that had not been developed in the nascent army; it relied on actions by Patterson that he had already failed to take; finally, McDowell had delayed long enough that Johnston's Valley force, which had trained under
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794:). McDowell immediately began organizing what became known as the Army of Northeastern Virginia, 35,000 men arranged in five divisions. Under public and political pressure to begin offensive operations, McDowell was given very little time to train the newly inducted troops. Units were instructed in the maneuvering of regiments, but they received little or no training at the brigade or division level. He was reassured by President Lincoln, "You are green, it is true, but they are green also; you are all green alike." Against his better judgment, McDowell commenced campaigning.
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safely reloaded. Meanwhile, McDowell ordered the batteries of
Ricketts and Griffin to move from Dogan's Ridge to the hill for close infantry support. Their 11 guns engaged in a fierce artillery duel across 300 yards (270 m) against Jackson's 13. Unlike many engagements in the Civil War, here the Confederate artillery had an advantage. The Union pieces were now within range of the Confederate smoothbores and the predominantly rifled pieces on the Union side were not effective weapons at such close ranges, with many shots fired over the head of their targets.
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for quick action was McDowell's concern that the ninety-day enlistments of many of his regiments were about to expire. "In a few days I will lose many thousands of the best of this force", he wrote
Washington on the eve of battle. In fact, the next morning two units of McDowell's command, their enlistments expiring that day, would turn a deaf ear to McDowell's appeal to stay a few days longer. Instead, to the sounds of battle, they would march back to Washington to be mustered out of service.
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1707:(Brig. Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard, commanding) was organized into six infantry brigades, with each brigade containing three to six infantry regiments. Artillery batteries were assigned to various infantry brigades. The total number of troops in the Confederate Army of the Potomac was approximately 22,000. Beauregard's army also contained thirty-nine pieces of field artillery and a regiment of Virginia cavalry. The Army of the Potomac was organized into seven infantry brigades. These were:
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active on the battlefield, he had expended most of his energy maneuvering nearby regiments and brigades, instead of controlling and coordinating the movements of his army as a whole. Other factors contributed to McDowell's defeat: Patterson's failure to hold
Johnston in the valley; McDowell's two-day delay at Centreville; allowing Tyler's division to lead the march on 21 July, thus delaying the flanking divisions of Hunter and Heintzelman; and the
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3050:, which had opened the battle with such fanfare. Expecting an easy Union victory, the wealthy elite of nearby Washington, including congressmen and their families, had come to picnic and watch the battle. When the Union army was driven back in a running disorder, the roads back to Washington were blocked by panicked civilians attempting to flee in their carriages. The pell-mell retreat became known in the Southern press as "The Great Skedaddle".
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762:". Instead, many believed the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond, only 100 miles (160 km) south of Washington, would quickly end the war. By July 1861 many of the thousands of Union volunteers were camped in and around Washington. Since General Scott was seventy-five years old and physically unable to lead this force against the Confederates, the administration searched for a more suitable field commander.
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978:, who were still in transit. Most of the new arrivals were posted in the vicinity of Blackburn's Ford, and Beauregard's plan was to attack from there to the north toward Centreville. Johnston, the senior officer, approved the plan. If both of the armies had been able to execute their plans simultaneously, it would have resulted in a mutual counterclockwise movement as they attacked each other's left flank.
842:, the next defensible line in Virginia, which would relieve some of the pressure on the U.S. capital. McDowell had hoped to have his army at Centreville by 17 July, but the troops, unaccustomed to marching, moved in starts and stops. Along the route soldiers often broke ranks to wander off to pick apples or blackberries or to get water, regardless of the orders of their officers to remain in ranks.
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1773:(Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, commanding) was also organized into brigades. It consisted of four brigades of three to five infantry regiments each, which totaled approximately 12,000 men. Each brigade was assigned one artillery battery. In addition to the infantry, there were twenty pieces of artillery and about 300 Virginia cavalrymen under Col.
2945:), which was supporting the battery, killed many of the gunners and scattered the infantry. Capitalizing on this success, Jackson ordered two regiments to charge Ricketts's guns and they were captured as well. As additional Federal infantry engaged, the Confederates were pushed back and they reformed and the guns changed hands several times.
2914:, is said to have replied, "Then, Sir, we will give them the bayonet." Bee is then said to have exhorted his own troops to re-form by shouting, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. Let us determine to die here, and we will conquer. Rally behind the Virginians." This exclamation is often held to be the source for Jackson's (and his
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were committed piecemeal, attacks were frontal, infantry failed to protect exposed artillery, tactical intelligence was minimal, and neither commander was able to employ his whole force effectively. McDowell, with 35,000 men, could commit only about 18,000, and the combined
Confederate forces, with about 32,000 men, also committed 18,000.
849:(21,883 effectives) under Beauregard was encamped near Manassas Junction where he prepared a defensive position along the south bank of the Bull Run river with his left guarding a stone bridge, approximately 25 miles (40 km) from the United States capital. McDowell planned to attack this numerically inferior enemy army. Union
543:, stood its ground, which resulted in Jackson receiving his famous nickname, "Stonewall". The Confederates launched a strong counterattack, and as the Union troops began withdrawing under fire, many panicked and the retreat turned into a rout. McDowell's men frantically ran without order in the direction of Washington, D.C.
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The First Battle of Bull Run demonstrated that the war would not be won by one grand battle, and both sides began preparing for a long and bloody conflict. The battle also showed the need for adequately trained and experienced officers and men. One year later, many of the same soldiers who had fought
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Compared to later battles, casualties at First Bull Run had not been especially heavy. Both Union and
Confederate killed, wounded, and missing were a little over 1700 each. Two Confederate brigade commanders, Jackson, and Edmund Kirby-Smith were wounded in the battle. Jackson was shot in the hand and
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One of the casualties of the artillery fire was Judith Carter Henry, an 85-year-old widow and invalid, who was unable to leave her bedroom in the Henry House. As
Ricketts began receiving rifle fire, he concluded that it was coming from the Henry House and turned his guns on the building. A shell that
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The
Northern public was shocked at the unexpected defeat of their army when an easy victory had been widely anticipated. Some Northerners visited to overlook the battlefield and picnic since they expected the battle would be won easily. Both sides quickly came to realize that the war would be longer
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The retreat was relatively orderly up to the Bull Run crossings, but was poorly managed by the Union officers. A Union wagon was overturned by artillery fire on a bridge spanning Cub Run Creek, inciting panic in McDowell's force. As the soldiers streamed uncontrollably toward
Centreville, discarding
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rifles to equip the men with; however, it is not clear if his troops had them at Bull Run or if the weapons arrived after the battle. If so, they would have been the only foreign-made weapons on the field. The 79th New York was thoroughly decimated by
Hampton's musket fire and began to disintegrate.
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to get around the
Confederates' left. Tyler's division (about 8,000) marched directly toward the Stone Bridge. The inexperienced units immediately developed logistical problems. Tyler's division blocked the advance of the main flanking column on the turnpike. The later units found the approach roads
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For the maneuver to be successful McDowell felt he needed to act quickly. He had already begun to hear rumors that Johnston had slipped out of the valley and was headed for Manassas Junction. If the rumors were true, McDowell might soon be facing 34,000 Confederates instead of 22,000. Another reason
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graduate, his command experience was limited. In fact, he had spent most of his career engaged in various staff duties in the Adjutant General's Office. While stationed in Washington he had become acquainted with Chase, a former Ohio governor and senator. Now, through Chase's influence, McDowell was
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Both armies were sobered by the fierce fighting and the many casualties and realized that the war was going to be much longer and bloodier than either had anticipated. The First Battle of Bull Run highlighted many of the problems and deficiencies that were typical of the first year of the war. Units
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Bull Run was a turning point in the American Civil War... in the sense that the battle struck with impelling force upon public opinion at home and abroad, upon Congress, and upon the Commander-in-chief. It framed new patterns of thought and led to far-reaching changes in the conduct of the war. The
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after Smith was wounded), which had just arrived from the Shenandoah Valley, moved forward and crushed Howard's brigade. Beauregard ordered his entire line forward, and the Union troops began to panic in retreat. At 5 p.m. everywhere McDowell's army was disintegrating. Thousands, in large and small
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The battle was a clash between relatively large, ill-trained bodies of recruits, led by inexperienced officers. Neither army commander was able to deploy his forces effectively; although nearly 60,000 men were present at the battle, only 36,000 had actually been engaged. Although McDowell had been
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over Bull Run and made no headway. Also on the morning of 18 July Johnston had received a telegram suggesting he go to Beauregard's assistance if possible. Johnston marched out of Winchester about noon, while Stuart's cavalry screened the movement from Patterson. Patterson was completely deceived.
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Prince William County staged special events commemorating the 150th anniversary of the Civil War through 2011. Manassas was named the No. 1 tourist destination in the United States for 2011 by the American Bus Association for its efforts in highlighting the historical impact of the Civil War. The
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Bull Run was the largest and bloodiest battle in United States history up until that point. Union casualties were 460 killed, 1,124 wounded, and 1,312 missing or captured; Confederate casualties were 387 killed, 1,582 wounded, and 13 missing (a very high 10% casualty rate of the troops engaged in
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The reaction in the Confederacy was more muted. There was little public celebration, as the Southerners realized that despite their victory, the greater battles that would inevitably come would mean greater losses for their side as well. Once the euphoria of victory had worn off, Jefferson Davis
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Jackson posted his five regiments on the reverse slope of the hill, where they were shielded from direct fire, and was able to assemble 13 guns for the defensive line, which he posted on the crest of the hill; as the guns fired, their recoil moved them down the reverse slope, where they could be
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was organized into five infantry divisions of three to five brigades each. Each brigade contained three to five infantry regiments. An artillery battery was generally assigned to each brigade. The total number of Union troops present at the First Battle of Bull Run was about 35,000 although only
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The battle also had long-term psychological consequences. The decisive victory led to a degree of overconfidence on the part of Confederate forces and prompted a determined organizational effort on the part of the Union. In hindsight, commentators on both sides agreed that the one-sided outcome
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with ninety-day enlistments to augment the existing U.S. Army of about 15,000 present for duty. He later accepted an additional 40,000 volunteers with three-year enlistments and increased the strength of the U.S. Army to 156,861, further enlarged to 183,588 present for duty on July 1. Lincoln's
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to observe the Confederates moving in and about Manassas Junction and Fairfax. He saw no evidence of massing Confederate forces but was forced to land in Confederate territory. It was overnight before he was rescued and could report to headquarters. He reported that his observations "restored
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If the war had turned out to be of short duration, Bull Run would have been a disaster for the Union. But if, as now seemed more plausible, a long and nasty war was inevitable, that battle had a curiously salutary effect for the Union side. It provided a wake-up call for those optimists—like
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failure at Bull Run inspired a second Northern rising. Volunteering accelerated, 90-day men reenlisted, states rushed fresh regiments forward in plenitude.... As they realized victory would not come readily, a new mood fastened upon Northerners. An iron resolve entered the Northern soul ...
814:, a prominent socialite with a wide range of contacts. He provided her with a code for messages. After he left to join the Confederate Army, he gave her control of his network but continued to receive reports from her. On July 9 and 16, Greenhow passed secret messages to Confederate General
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In Washington, President Lincoln and members of the cabinet waited for news of a Union victory. Instead, a telegram arrived stating "General McDowell's army in full retreat through Centreville. The day is lost. Save Washington and the remnants of this army." The tidings were happier in the
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and his battery of four 6-pounder guns, who held off the Union advance while the Confederates attempted to regroup on Henry House Hill. They were met by generals Johnston and Beauregard, who had just arrived from Johnston's headquarters at the M. Lewis Farm, "Portici". Fortunately for the
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The capture of the Union guns turned the tide of battle. Although McDowell had brought 15 regiments into the fight on the hill, outnumbering the Confederates two to one, no more than two were ever engaged simultaneously. Jackson continued to press his attacks, telling soldiers of the
520:, whose forces were camped near Manassas Junction. McDowell's ambitious plan for a surprise flank attack on the Confederate left was poorly executed although the Confederates, who had been planning to attack the Union left flank, found themselves at an initial disadvantage.
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was slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops. The battle was a Confederate victory and was followed by a disorganized post-battle retreat of the Union forces.
2849:'s cavalry along with a contingent of 6-pounder guns. The Hampton Legion, some 600 men strong, managed to buy Jackson time to construct a defensive line on Henry House Hill by firing repeated volleys at Sherman's advancing brigade. Hampton had purchased approximately 400
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in combat, Alexander sent the message "Look out for your left, your position is turned." Evans hastily led 900 of his men from their position fronting the Stone Bridge to a new location on the slopes of Matthews Hill, a low rise to the northwest of his previous position.
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infantry battalion, near the intersection of the turnpike and Manassas-Sudley Road, to act as a rear guard as his army withdrew. The unit briefly held the crossroads, then retreated eastward with the rest of the army. McDowell's force crumbled and began to retreat.
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groups or as individuals, began to leave the battlefield and head for Centreville in a rout. McDowell rode around the field trying to rally regiments and groups of soldiers, but most had had enough. Unable to stop the mass exodus, McDowell gave orders for Porter's
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An 1862 illustration of a Confederate officer forcing slaves at gunpoint to load a cannon directed at U.S. forces. According to John Parker, a former slave, he was forced by his Confederate captors to fire a cannon at U.S. soldiers at the Battle of Bull
5929:, 35,000 Union (18,000 engaged), 34,000 Confederate (18,000 engaged); Salmon, p. 20: 28,450 Union, 32,230 Confederate; Kennedy, p. 14: 35,000 Union, 33,000 Confederate; Livermore, p. 77: 28,452 Union "effectives", 32,323 Confederate engaged. Writing in
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cornerstone of the commemoration event featured a reenactment of the battle on July 23–24, 2011. Throughout the year, there were tours of the Manassas battlefield and other battlefields in the county and a number of related events and activities.
5152:. Privately, Davis credited Greenhow with ensuring Confederate victory. Jordan sent a telegram to Greenhow: "Our President and our General direct me to thank you. We rely upon you for further information. The Confederacy owes you a debt. (Signed)
5187:
The name of the battle has caused controversy since 1861. The Union Army frequently named battles after significant rivers and creeks that played a role in the fighting; the Confederates generally used the names of nearby towns or farms. The
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2858:, was fatally wounded. It has been claimed that Hampton deliberately targeted officers of the 79th New York in revenge for the death of his nephew earlier in the day, although he had in fact been killed by soldiers of the 69th New York.
3083:, was a failure. The two commanders squabbled with each other and when Bonham's men received some artillery fire from the Union rear guard, and found that Richardson's brigade blocked the road to Centreville, he called off the pursuit.
3046:'s division to act as a rear guard, but it was impossible to rally the army short of Washington. In the disorder that followed, hundreds of Union troops were taken prisoner. Wagons and artillery were abandoned, including the 30-pounder
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2747:, moved forward from the stone bridge around 10:00 a.m., and crossed at an unguarded ford and struck the right flank of the Confederate defenders. This surprise attack, coupled with pressure from Burnside and Maj.
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Wade Hampton gestured towards their colonel, James Cameron, and remarked "Look at that brave officer trying to lead his men and they won't follow him." Shortly afterwards, Cameron, the brother of US Secretary of War
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actions caused four more Southern states, including Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee, to adopt ordinances of secession and join the Confederate States of America. On May 29, 1861, with the arrival in
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On the morning of July 21, McDowell sent the divisions of Hunter and Heintzelman (about 12,000 men) from Centreville at 2:30 a.m., marching southwest on the Warrenton Turnpike and then turning northwest toward
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so he remained on the battlefield. No Union officers above the regimental level were killed; two division commanders (Samuel Heintzelman and David Hunter) and one brigade commander (Orlando Willcox) were wounded.
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and his reduced brigade of 1,100 men. Evans had moved some of his men to intercept the direct threat from Tyler at the bridge, but he began to suspect that the weak attacks from the Union brigade of Brig. Gen.
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689:, which had been occupied by the United States Army since December 26, 1860. On April 15, 1861 (two days after the Federal Army forces surrendered at Fort Sumter, one day after the formal surrender),
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Battlefield confusion between the battle flags, especially the similarity of the Confederacy's "Stars and Bars" and the Union's "Stars and Stripes" when it was fluttering, led to the adoption of the
5168:
attained by Confederate troops on the heels of their victory, together with a new sense of insecurity felt by northern commanders, also gave the Confederacy a military edge in the following months.
2964:, "Reserve your fire until they come within 50 yards! Then fire and give them the bayonet! And when you charge, yell like furies!" For the first time, Union troops heard the disturbing sound of the
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One hour after Johnston's departure Patterson telegraphed Washington, "I have succeeded, in accordance with the wishes of the General-in-Chief, in keeping General Johnston's force at Winchester."
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McPherson, p. 346, n. 7. McPherson's popular one-volume history of the war uses the two names interchangeably because he states that "neither name has any intrinsic superiority over the other."
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who had earlier been rejected by the U.S. Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, for federal service in either Patterson's or McDowell's command arrived in Washington, DC, and were finally accepted.
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Confederate capital. From the battlefield President Davis telegraphed Richmond, "We have won a glorious but dear-bought victory. Night closed on the enemy in full flight and closely pursued."
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to Sudley Springs were inadequate, little more than a cart path in some places, and did not begin fording Bull Run until 9:30 a.m. Tyler's men reached the Stone Bridge around 6 a.m.
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and more brutal than they had imagined. On July 22, President Lincoln signed a bill that provided for the enlistment of another 500,000 men for up to three years of service. On July 25,
758:. While the Army "strangled" the Confederacy in the west, the U.S. Navy would blockade Southern ports along the eastern and Gulf coasts. The press ridiculed what they dubbed as Scott's "
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in the Confederate army. Stonewall Jackson, arguably the most important tactical contributor to the victory, received no special recognition but would later achieve glory for his 1862
3075:, who had arrived on the battlefield to see the Union soldiers retreating. An attempt by Johnston to intercept the Union troops from his right flank, using the brigades of Brig. Gens.
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While McDowell organized the Army of Northeastern Virginia, a smaller Union command was organized and stationed northwest of Washington, near Harper's Ferry. Commanded by Maj. Gen.
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fire against the Confederates. At approximately 3 p.m., these guns were overrun by the 33rd Virginia, whose men were outfitted in blue uniforms, causing Griffin's commander, Maj.
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At 5:15 a.m., Richardson's brigade fired a few artillery rounds across Mitchell's Ford on the Confederate right, some of which hit Beauregard's headquarters in the
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Union forces and civilians alike feared that Confederate forces, 14,000 not engaged in the battle and thus rested, would advance on Washington, DC, only 27 miles away
1777:. Although the combined strength of both Confederate armies was about 34,000, only about 18,000 were actually engaged at the First Battle of Bull Run. The Army of the
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As his men were pushed back towards Henry House Hill, Bee exclaimed to Jackson, "The Enemy are driving us." Jackson, a former U.S. Army officer and professor at the
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On July 19–20, significant reinforcements bolstered the Confederate lines behind Bull Run. Johnston arrived with all of his army except for the troops of Brig. Gen.
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Confederates, McDowell did not press his advantage and attempt to seize the strategic ground immediately, choosing to bombard the hill with the batteries of Capts.
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5643:, second in the Cole family trilogy by Noah Gordon, includes an account of the battle. The battle is also depicted in the song "Yankee Bayonet" by indie-folk band
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See, for instance, McPherson, p. 342. There are additional controversies about what Bee said and whether he said anything at all. See Freeman, vol. 1, pp. 733–34.
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continent, about 35,000 men (28,452 effectives). McDowell's plan was to move westward in three columns and make a diversionary attack on the Confederate line at
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of the United States. By February 1, 1861, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas passed ordinances of secession, The Constitution of the
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and its partners have preserved more than 385 acres of the battlefields at Manassas in 15 transactions since 2010, mostly on the Second Manassas Battlefield.
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containing critical information regarding military movements for what would be the First Battle of Bull Run, including the plans of Union general McDowell.
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was supposed to attack in support of Ewell, but found himself moving forward alone. Holmes was also supposed to support, but received no orders at all.
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Since their combined army had been left highly disorganized as well, Beauregard and Johnston did not fully press their advantage, despite urging from
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and threatening the rear of the Confederate army. He assumed that the Confederates would be forced to abandon Manassas Junction and fall back to the
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north toward the Union left at Centreville. Bungled orders and poor communications prevented their execution. Although he intended for Brig. Gen.
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5160:"proved the greatest misfortune that would have befallen the Confederacy." Although modern historians generally agree with that interpretation,
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Abstract from the returns of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, commanded by Brigadier-General McDowell, U.S.A., for July 16 and 17, 1861.
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from state forces. On April 12, 1861, open warfare between the Confederate States and the United States began when Confederate forces barraged
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Freeman, vol. 1, p. 82; Robertson, p. 264. McPherson, p. 342, reports the quotation after "stone wall" as being "Rally around the Virginians!"
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over Sudley Springs Ford. From here, these divisions could outflank the Confederate line and march into the Confederate rear. The brigade of
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laid out his strategy to subdue the Confederate States on May 3, 1861. He proposed that an army of 80,000 men be organized to sail down the
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Becoming more frustrated, McDowell resolved to attack the Confederate left (northwest) flank instead. He planned to attack with Brig. Gen.
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Strength figures vary by source. Eicher, pp. 87–88: 35,000 Union, 32,000 Confederate; Esposito, map 19: 35,000 Union, 29,000 Confederate;
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Abtract from returns of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, commanded by Brigadier-General McDowell, U.S.A., for July 16 and 17, 1861
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to lead the attack, Ewell, at Union Mills Ford, was simply ordered to "hold ... in readiness to advance at a moment's notice". Brig. Gen.
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The Maps of First Bull Run: An atlas of the First Bull Run (Manassas) Campaign, including the Battle of Ball's Bluff, June–October 1861
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crashed through the bedroom wall tore off one of the widow's feet and inflicted multiple injuries, from which she died later that day.
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house as he was eating breakfast, alerting him to the fact that his offensive battle plan had been preempted. Nevertheless, he ordered
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3140:, the first Confederate brigade commander to be killed in the Civil War. General Bee was mortally wounded and died the following day.
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As they retreated from their Matthews Hill position, the remainder of Evans's, Bee's, and Bartow's commands received some cover from
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746:, many of the regiments of volunteers raised by States under Lincoln's call rushed to defend the capital. General in Chief Lt. Gen.
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Abstract from monthly report of Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's division, or Army of the Shenandoah (C.S.A.), for June 30, 1861.
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5677:, is draped with the U.S. flag for the 150th anniversary commemoration, held on July 21, 2011, of the First Battle of Bull Run.
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with two columns, while the third column moved around the Confederates' right flank to the south, cutting the railroad to
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To suppress the insurrection of the Confederate States and restore federal law in the Southern States, Lincoln called for
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Cartoon map illustrating Gen. Winfield Scott's plan to crush the Confederacy, economically. It is sometimes called the "
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at First Bull Run, now combat veterans, would have an opportunity to test their skills on the same battlefield at the
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Beauregard was considered the Confederate hero of the battle and was promoted that day by President Davis to full
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5635:, a series that explores the fictional Confederate cavalry officer Gideon Kent. The battle is the subject of the
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2968:. At about 4 p.m., the last Union troops were pushed off Henry House Hill by a charge of two regiments from Col.
2708:, Beauregard's signal officer, observing from 8 miles (13 km) southwest on Signal Hill. In the first use of
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Today will be known as BLACK MONDAY. We are utterly and disgracefully routed, beaten, whipped by secessionists.
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The Battle of First Bull Run, Manassas Campaign – July 16–22, 1861: An Illustrated Atlas and Battlefield Guide.
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Artillery commander Griffin decided to move two of his guns to the southern end of his line, hoping to provide
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Detzer, p. 77; Williams, p. 21; McPherson, p. 336; Davis, p. 110, attributes the remark to general-in-chief
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Abstract from return of the Department of Pennsylvania, commanded by Major-General Patterson, June 28, 1861.
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Eicher, pp. 96–98; Esposito, Map 23; Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", pp. 314–15; McPherson, pp. 342–44.
5149:
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2735:, bringing the force on the flank to 2,800 men. They successfully slowed Hunter's lead brigade (Brig. Gen.
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All that stood in the path of the 20,000 Union soldiers converging on the Confederate left flank were Col.
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790:) of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, which included the military forces in and around Washington (
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were merely feints. He was informed of the main Union flanking movement through Sudley Springs by Captain
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McDowell was getting contradictory information from his intelligence agents, so he called for the balloon
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5623:, which also depicts the political turmoil leading up to the Civil War. The battle is also depicted in
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issued a proclamation declaring an insurrection against the laws of the United States had taken place.
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Three months after the First Battle of Bull Run, Union forces suffered another, smaller defeat at the
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promoted three grades to brigadier general in the Regular Army and on 27 May was assigned command (by
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Hennessy, John, Ethan Rafuse, and Harry Smeltzer. "Historians' Forum: The First Battle of Bull Run."
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series of historical novels. The battle is described from the viewpoint of a Union infantryman in
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7432:, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000.
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Brown, pp. 43–45; Alexander, pp. 50–51. Alexander recalls that the signal was "You are flanked."
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After two days of marching slowly in the sweltering heat, the Union army was allowed to rest in
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Beauregard, who had drawn up his lines along Bull Run. On July 18, the Union commander sent a
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with 5,000 troops to protect the army's rear. In the meantime, McDowell searched for a way to
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2739:) in its attempts to ford Bull Run and advance across Young's Branch, at the northern end of
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Fighting for the Confederacy: The Personal Recollections of General Edward Porter Alexander
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Beatie, pp. 285–88; Esposito, text for Map 21; Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 312.
5701:. More than 900,000 people visit the battlefield each year. As an historic area under the
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Turning point of the American Civil War § Confederate victory at Bull Run (July 1861)
903:. McDowell reduced the size of his army to approximately 31,000 by dispatching Brig. Gen.
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On July 16, McDowell departed Washington with the largest field army yet gathered on the
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The Secret War For The Union: The Untold Story of Military Intelligence in the Civil War
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The City of Manassas commemorated the 150th anniversary of the battle July 21–24, 2011.
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The Confederate delaying action on Matthews Hill included a spoiling attack launched by
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5104:. The perceived military incompetence at both battles led to the establishment of the
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6574:"William T. Sherman's Report on His Brigade's Action at the First Battle of Bull Run"
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2979:'s brigade from Heintzelman's division. But at 4 p.m., two Confederate brigades-Col.
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came up in support of the disorganized Confederates around noon, accompanied by Col.
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90:'s retreat in 1861 depicted in an engraving by William Ridgway based on a drawing by
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5196:, but the Union name (Bull Run) also has widespread currency in popular literature.
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Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History
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7417:. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
6045:(460 killed; 1,124 wounded; 1,312 captured/missing), according to Eicher, p. 99.
2614:
891:
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10620:
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7340:. The collection of maps (without explanatory text) is available online at the
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5616:
5577:. It also appears in the first episode of the second season of the mini-series
5171:
3043:
1225:
1144:
1117:
1030:
775:
747:
704:
509:
225:
7807:, prepared by Army engineer, National Archives and Records Administration, at
5949:
18,572 Union men (including stragglers not on the field) and 24 guns engaged,
2948:
1816:
Abstract front field return, First Corps (Army of the Potomac), July 21, 1861.
501:, the northern public clamored for a march against the Confederate capital of
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7267:. U.S. Veteran Signal Corps Association, 1896. Reprinted 1974 by Arno Press.
7242:
5636:
5208:, which eventually became the most popular symbol of the Confederacy and the
5145:
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3766:
3133:
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about 18,000 were actually engaged. The Union army was organized as follows:
940:
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739:, the Confederate States capital had been moved from Montgomery to Richmond.
719:
195:
150:
137:
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7141:
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6980:"Message of Andrew G. Curtin, Governor of Pennsylvania, to the Legislature"
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to pass on the Confederate right (southeast) flank. Tyler was drawn into a
916:
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7822:, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
7664:
Battle at Bull Run: A History of the First Major Campaign of the Civil War
13047:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
12716:
10181:
9219:
9199:
7726:. Revised and Updated Edition. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2015.
7535:
7403:
5654:
2980:
1746:
682:
7337:
3839:(two 13-pounder James, two 6-pounders (old), two 12-pounder howitzers).
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516:
against the equally inexperienced Confederate Army of Brigadier General
445:
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2965:
490:
87:
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battle, excluding missing or captured). Among the Union dead was Col.
10828:
9011:
8915:
7250:
Army of the Potomac: Birth of Command, November 1860 – September 1861
6332:, National Archives and Records Administration, World Digital Library
875:
658:
11677:
6764:"Bull Run and the Art of the Skedaddle | Historical Digression"
5500:
1160:
the largest in the army, contained four brigades, led by Brig. Gen.
357:
10833:
7877:
7867:
7804:
7724:
The First Battle of Manassas: An End to Innocence, July 18–21, 1861
6322:
5669:
The National Jubilee of Peace building at Grant and Lee avenues in
7908:
7026:
My Imprisonment and the First Year of Abolition Rule at Washington
6062:
Casualties in the Army of the Potomac (Confederate) July 21, 1861.
7917:
7445:
A Single Grand Victory: The First Campaign and Battle of Manassas
7241:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
7155:
865:
714:
7851:
7568:
From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America
5182:
5037:
or even Lincoln—who had hoped for or counted on a quick result.
3933:
Confederate casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.
11631:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
8297:(May–Oct): Lynchburg, Early's B&O raid, Sheridan's campaign
7711:. Osprey Campaign Series #10. London: Osprey Publishing, 1991.
5583:, in the second episode of the first season of the mini-series
3061:
after the First Battle of Bull Run, July 27, 1861, painting by
2983:'s, which had moved from the Confederate right, and Brig. Gen.
2942:
7447:. The American Crisis Series. Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2002.
3731:
Union artillery lost in the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.
2922:, serving as Bee's aide-de-camp, took command of the brigade.
2886:
Ruins of Judith Henry's house, "Spring Hill", after the battle
822:
McDowell's plan and initial movements in the Manassas Campaign
7964:
7383:. Reprinted with errata, Dayton, OH: Morninside House, 1986.
7183:"Second Manassas Battlefield" webpage. Accessed May 15, 2023.
6323:"Letter Written in Cipher on Mourning Paper by Rose Greenhow"
966:
and rush to Manassas Junction to reinforce Beauregard's men.
531:
by railroad, and the course of the battle quickly changed. A
9353:
7628:
Field medical services at the Battles of Manassas (Bull Run)
7612:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901
7036:, London: Richard Bentley, 1863, p. 18, full text online at
6940:"U.S. Senate: Senators Witness the First Battle of Bull Run"
5172:
Confederate victory: turning point of the American Civil War
5074:, with very little standing in their way. On July 24, Prof.
5233:
12438:
Prince William County Department of Parks & Recreation
7813:
6726:
Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 315; Eicher, p. 98.
6624:
Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 313; Eicher, p. 96.
3153:
Union casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.
13117:
United States Marine Corps in the 18th and 19th centuries
7873:
First Manassas Campaign with Official Records and Reports
7584:
Battles and Leaders of the Civil War: The Opening Battles
7206:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989.
5764:
Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps
13097:
Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
6818:
Freeman, vol. 1, p. 76; Esposito, Map 24; Davis, p. 149.
6602:
Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", pp. 312–13; Rafuse,
5066:
7666:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1977.
5561:
The First Battle of Bull Run is mentioned in the novel
2894:
Postwar house on site of Judith Henry house in Manassas
7381:
Numbers and Losses in the Civil War in America 1861–65
7315:
The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War
5657:
of the battle which plays a certain role in the plot.
535:
under a relatively unknown brigadier general from the
11954:
7898:
Manassas Civil War 150th Anniversary July 21–24, 2011
7624:
7578:. First published in 1896 by J. B. Lippincott and Co.
5653:, Detective Harlan Regis (Wesley Snipes) has built a
12163:
Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Regional Park
7679:
The American Journey: A History of the United States
7265:
The Signal Corps, U.S.A. in the War of the Rebellion
6790:"July 21, 1861: First Major Battle of the Civil War"
6019:
Casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.
5720:
677:
forces assumed control of the military situation at
12448:
Prince William County Department of Fire and Rescue
7477:
Stonewall Jackson: The Man, The Soldier, The Legend
7368:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1941.
6866:
6864:
6862:
6860:
6753:
McPherson, p. 344; Eicher, p. 98; Esposito, Map 24.
2975:To the west, Chinn Ridge had been occupied by Col.
2955:, painting by Sidney E. King, National Park Service
555:
523:Confederate reinforcements under Brigadier General
12771:Map of Virginia highlighting Prince William County
8649:Fairfax County, Virginia in the American Civil War
7886:Newspaper coverage of the First Battle of Bull Run
7882:. Solomon Bamberger. Zoomable high-resolution map.
7797:, photos, history articles, and battlefield news (
7558:A compendium of the War of the Rebellion, Volume 1
7536:Professor Thaddeus Lowe's Official Report (Part I)
7049:
6374:"Battle of First Bull Run : Staff Ride Guide"
657:was the first of seven Southern States to declare
7581:Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell,
7492:The Official Virginia Civil War Battlefield Guide
5749:List of costliest American Civil War land battles
5744:Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1861
5603:of historical novels. The battle is described in
5199:
991:in Washington, to perform aerial reconnaissance.
51:First major land battle of the American Civil War
13078:
11317:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
7840:Animated history of the First Battle of Bull Run
7428:Rafuse, Ethan S. "First Battle of Bull Run." In
7396:The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865.
6857:
6171:"U.S. Senate: The Civil War: The Senate's Story"
6084:
6082:
3042:their arms and equipment, McDowell ordered Col.
13107:Prince William County in the American Civil War
13102:Confederate victories of the American Civil War
12138:Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
7462:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1966.
6744:Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", pp. 315–16.
6521:"Memory: Frederick Douglass' Black Confederate"
872:, preventing them from reinforcing Beauregard.
11141:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
7709:First Bull Run 1861: The South's First Victory
7549:
7391:. First published in 1901 by Houghton Mifflin.
7366:Military Ballooning during the Early Civil War
5705:, the park was administratively listed on the
13112:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia
12685:
12373:
12067:Fairfax County Economic Development Authority
11992:
11738:Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia
11693:
9027:
8961:St. Mary's Church (Fairfax Station, Virginia)
8634:
7950:
7820:First Battle of Manassas: An End to Innocence
7766:Rable, George. "The Battlefield and Beyond."
7225:United States Army Center of Military History
7056:. Oxford University Press. pp. 347–350.
6606:, p. 131; Esposito, Map 22; Eicher, pp. 94–95
6079:
5780:
5778:
477:. The battle was fought on July 21, 1861, in
373:
7879:Map of the Battles of Bull Run Near Manassas
7494:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2001.
7053:The Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era
6550:
6548:
6546:
6358:
6356:
5589:and in the first episode of the mini-series
3136:. Among the Confederate casualties was Col.
860:at 8,884 effectives, augmented by Maj. Gen.
856:'s 18,000 men engaged Johnston's force (the
802:During the previous year, U.S. Army captain
7696:. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2009.
6642:Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 314.
6554:Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 312.
6285:, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996, pp. 59–63
5963:18,052 Confederate men and 37 guns engaged.
5688:
5529:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3128:, the brother of President Lincoln's first
2643:Ruins of the Stone Bridge, photographed by
774:championed fellow Ohioan, 42-year-old Maj.
15:
12692:
12678:
12428:Prince William Board of County Supervisors
12380:
12366:
11999:
11985:
11700:
11686:
9034:
9020:
8641:
8627:
7957:
7943:
7814:Manassas National Battlefield Park website
7220:First Battle of Bull Run: Staff Ride Guide
6311:The National Archives – People Description
5914:
5912:
5910:
5775:
5571:. The battle forms the climax of the film
5141:called for 400,000 additional volunteers.
2810:(Battery D, 5th U.S.) from Dogan's Ridge.
2743:. One of Tyler's brigade commanders, Col.
1228:included two brigades, commanded by Cols.
497:Just months after the start of the war at
473:forces, was the first major battle of the
380:
366:
16:
12077:Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department
8971:William Gunnell House (Fairfax, Virginia)
8799:45th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
8682:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1863)
8677:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861)
7966:Eastern theater of the American Civil War
7681:. 2nd ed. New York: Prentice Hall, 1999.
7285:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1983.
6543:
6353:
6295:
6293:
6291:
6277:
6275:
5855:
5853:
5549:Learn how and when to remove this message
5228:
5106:Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War
2935:11th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
1183:of two brigades. These were led by Cols.
588:Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
485:and about thirty miles west-southwest of
13087:Fairfax County in the American Civil War
9230:Treatment of slaves in the United States
8804:16th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry
8794:3rd Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment
7915:
7835:Civil War Home website on First Bull Run
7761:The Early Morning of War: Bull Run, 1861
7524:National Park Service battle description
7479:. New York: MacMillan Publishing, 1997.
7414:Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era
7332:. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959.
7317:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
7298:Donnybrook: The Battle of Bull Run, 1861
6313:. 1817–1864, (accessed February 5, 2013)
5664:
5234:Gallery: the First Bull Run hour by hour
5135:
3335:Not engaged. Guarding Blackburn's Ford.
3052:
2947:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2860:
2820:
2812:
2685:
2674:
2638:
2621:
2618:Situation at 05:30–06:00 (July 21, 1861)
2613:
1423:Second United States Cavalry, Company E
987:, which was being demonstrated by Prof.
890:
882:
874:
713:
698:
481:, just north of what is now the city of
452:
444:
24:This is an accepted version of this page
12453:Prince William County Police Department
11723:Instructor, Virginia Military Institute
10973:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
9145:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
7631:. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
6371:
6065:(Official Records, Series I, Volume II
6022:(Official Records, Series I, Volume II
5907:
5893:(Official Records, Series I, Volume II
2093:Harrison's Battalion (three companies)
673:on February 8, 1861. On March 1, 1861,
14:
13079:
12458:Prince William County Sheriff's Office
12299:
12036:Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area
10958:Modern display of the Confederate flag
9041:
7904:Web Archives (archived 2011-05-05)
7805:"Map of the Battles of Bull Run, 1861"
7281:, and the Editors of Time-Life Books.
7156:"National Register Information System"
7017:
6977:
6950:from the original on September 5, 2022
6882:Official Records, Series I, Volume II
6500:from the original on November 16, 2018
6447:Official Records, Series I, Volume II
6288:
6272:
6053:
6051:
5980:Official Records, Series I, Volume II
5862:Official Records, Series I, Volume II
5850:
5836:Official Records, Series I, Volume II
5693:Part of the site of the battle is now
3118:
1198:included three brigades, led by Cols.
943:and send the divisions of Brig. Gens.
12673:
12361:
12117:Northern Virginia Chamber of Commerce
11980:
11707:
11681:
11176:
10565:
10129:
9352:
9155:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
9053:
9015:
8622:
7938:
7830:1861 Report on the Battle of Bull Run
7748:Maine: American Patriot Press, 2011.
7351:Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command
7108:"Plan a trip and discover your story"
6978:Curtin, Andrew G. (January 8, 1862).
6485:
6252:
6250:
6181:from the original on October 13, 2020
6010:
6008:
5973:
5971:
5969:
5881:
5879:
5490:
5085:confidence" to the Union commanders.
5067:Effect on Union and subsequent events
4602:
3976:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3463:Third Division, Colonel Heintzelman:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3095:
2723:'s 1st Louisiana Special Battalion, "
2361:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2344:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1805:4th Brigade, commanded by Brig. Gen.
1798:3rd Brigade, commanded by Brig. Gen.
1784:1st Brigade, commanded by Brig. Gen.
1781:consisted of four infantry brigades:
806:set up a pro-Southern spy network in
584:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
512:led his unseasoned Union Army across
387:
361:
247:Department of Northeastern Virginia:
12443:Prince William County Public Library
12433:Prince William County Public Schools
7353:. 3 vols. New York: Scribner, 1946.
7283:First Blood: Fort Sumter to Bull Run
7161:National Register of Historic Places
7148:
6584:from the original on October 9, 2020
6518:
5707:National Register of Historic Places
5567:, but is depicted more fully in its
5527:adding citations to reliable sources
5494:
2817:Attacks on Henry House Hill, 1–3 p.m
2806:(Battery I, 1st U.S. Artillery) and
969:
12654:Northern Virginia Community College
12499:National Museum of the Marine Corps
12347:Northern Virginia Community College
12178:Washington and Old Dominion Railway
12057:Fairfax County Board of Supervisors
11887:Stone Mountain Memorial half dollar
11312:Committee on the Conduct of the War
10988:United Daughters of the Confederacy
7648:from the original on March 22, 2023
7610:of the Union and Confederate Armies
7512:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1952.
7070:from the original on March 22, 2023
6525:Dead Confederates: A Civil War Blog
6390:from the original on March 24, 2022
6048:
5660:
3318:Fourth Brigade, Colonel Richardson
2789:
48:
12766:
12700:Municipalities and communities of
12514:Manassas National Battlefield Park
12483:Prince William Chamber of Commerce
11382:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
11177:
10721:impeachment managers investigation
9100:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
8779:43rd Battalion of Virginia Cavalry
7617:
7588:, New York: The Century Co., 1887.
7398:Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971.
6800:from the original on March 1, 2022
6699:from the original on March 1, 2022
6651:Detzer, p. 357; Davis, pp. 204–05.
6247:
6005:
5966:
5876:
5695:Manassas National Battlefield Park
5599:(1999) is the first volume in the
5223:Second Battle of Bull Run/Manassas
5192:uses the Confederate name for its
3814:Second U. S. Artillery, Company D
3258:Eighteen others slightly wounded.
1759:Reserve Brigade, under Brig. Gen.
994:
580:Border states (American Civil War)
49:
13143:
10807:Reconstruction military districts
9255:Abolitionism in the United States
9210:Plantations in the American South
9125:Origins of the American Civil War
7775:
7570:. New York: Da Capo Press, 1992.
7330:West Point Atlas of American Wars
7252:. New York: Da Capo Press, 2002.
6488:"Slavery and Freedom at Bull Run"
5754:Origins of the American Civil War
3837:Second U. S. Artillery, Company E
3406:Second Brigade, Colonel Burnside
3368:Second Division, Colonel Hunter:
1217:without brigade organization and
765:
568:Origins of the American Civil War
12466:
12389:
12133:Fairfax County Government Center
12095:
12082:Fairfax County Police Department
12008:
11964:
11746:
11661:
11652:
11651:
10790:Enforcement Act of February 1871
10763:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
8705:
8535:
8499:
7907:
7856:
7236:
6519:Hall, Andy (February 20, 2015).
6476:Eicher, p. 94; Esposito, Map 22.
5815:from the original on May 9, 2017
5739:Armies in the American Civil War
5723:
5499:
5469:
5448:
5427:
5406:
5385:
5364:
5343:
5322:
5301:
5280:
5272:Beauregard's defensive situation
5259:
5240:
3927:
3790:First U. S. Artillery, Company I
3763:First U. S. Artillery, Company G
3606:Fourth Division, General Runyon
3523:Second Brigade, Colonel Willcox
3495:First Brigade, Colonel Franklin
3263:Second Brigade, General Schenck
3036:
2609:
2604:
2136:Washington (Louisiana) Artillery
1676:
1656:
1388:Twenty-first New York Volunteers
1124:
1108:
1092:
1074:
1058:
1042:
1021:
628:
607:
556:Military and political situation
206:
188:
76:
12703:Prince William County, Virginia
12396:Prince William County, Virginia
12087:Fairfax County Sheriff's Office
11575:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
11437:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
10998:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
8014:Potomac blockade (Oct–Jan 1862)
7460:Turning Points of the Civil War
7172:
7130:
7100:
7091:
7082:
7043:
7008:
6999:
6990:
6971:
6962:
6932:
6923:
6914:
6905:
6896:
6873:
6848:
6839:
6830:
6821:
6812:
6782:
6756:
6747:
6738:
6729:
6720:
6711:
6681:
6672:
6663:
6654:
6645:
6636:
6627:
6618:
6609:
6596:
6566:
6557:
6512:
6479:
6470:
6461:
6438:
6429:
6420:
6411:
6402:
6365:
6344:
6335:
6316:
6259:
6238:
6229:
6220:
6211:
6202:
6193:
6163:
6154:
6145:
6136:
6127:
6118:
6115:in that order. Long, pp. 23–31.
6109:
6100:
6091:
5601:James Reasoner Civil War Series
5060:Turning Points of the Civil War
3650:Second Brigade, Colonel Davies
3290:Third Brigade, Colonel Sherman
3228:First Division, General Tyler:
2242:Camp Pickens (heavy artillery)
1791:2nd Brigade, commanded by Col.
1647:
1336:Third (Heintzelman's) Division
1012:
847:Confederate Army of the Potomac
797:
598:
479:Prince William County, Virginia
291:Army of Northeastern Virginia:
13122:1861 in the American Civil War
10678:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
8936:Oak Hill (Annandale, Virginia)
8891:Clarens (Alexandria, Virginia)
8154:Garnett's & Golding's Farm
7770:53#3 (September 2007): 244–51.
7625:Cunningham, Horace H. (1968).
7040:, University of North Carolina
7038:Documenting the American South
6036:
5827:
5797:
5215:
5200:Confusion between battle flags
5128:thirteen months later, at the
3625:First Brigade Colonel Blenker
3616:Fifth Division, Colonel Miles
3550:Third Brigade, Colonel Howard
3377:First Brigade, Colonel Porter
2865:The stampede from Bull Run by
1731:4th Brigade, under Brig. Gen.
1724:3rd Brigade, under Brig. Gen.
1717:2nd Brigade, under Brig. Gen.
1710:1st Brigade, under Brig. Gen.
1634:
1406:Twenty-fifth New York Militia
962:, was able to board trains at
13:
1:
12509:Hylton Performing Arts Center
12072:Fairfax County Public Library
12062:Fairfax County Park Authority
12052:Fairfax County Public Schools
11093:Ladies' Memorial Associations
10795:Enforcement Act of April 1871
10691:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
10566:
8896:Centreville Military Railroad
8005:Carolina coast blockade (Aug)
7990:Chesapeake blockade (May–Jun)
7189:
6486:Masur, Kate (July 27, 2011).
3235:First Brigade, Colonel Keyes
3159:Army of Northeastern Virginia
2784:
2647:
1254:ARMY OF NORTHEASTERN VIRGINIA
1149:Army of Northeastern Virginia
792:Army of Northeastern Virginia
667:Confederate States of America
550:
320:
298:
252:Army of Northeastern Virginia
12629:Dale City 4th of July Parade
12412:Washington Metropolitan Area
12211:Dulles International Airport
12031:Washington metropolitan area
11226:Confederate revolving cannon
10968:Sons of Confederate Veterans
10839:South Carolina riots of 1876
10817:Indian Council at Fort Smith
10768:South Carolina riots of 1876
10733:Knights of the White Camelia
9225:Slavery in the United States
7916:Guernsey, Alfred H. (1879).
7863:The First Battle of Bull Run
7300:. New York: Harcourt, 2004.
5639:song, "Battle of Bull Run".
5607:(1993), the first volume of
4003:First Louisiana (battalion)
3090:
2953:Capture of Ricketts' Battery
2553:Aggregate present for duty.
921:skirmish at Blackburn's Ford
457:Northeastern Virginia (1861)
7:
12173:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center
11580:New York City riots of 1863
11405:Battle Hymn of the Republic
11156:United Confederate Veterans
10993:Children of the Confederacy
10983:United Confederate Veterans
10978:Southern Historical Society
10130:
9610:Price's Missouri Expedition
9080:Timeline leading to the War
9054:
8301:Operations against Plymouth
7866:public domain audiobook at
7550:Memoirs and primary sources
7050:James M. McPherson (1988).
6527:. WordPress. Archived from
5716:
5697:, which is designated as a
4453:Alexandria Light Artillery
3865:two 12-pounder howitzers).
3611:In reserve on the Potomac.
2912:Virginia Military Institute
2825:Union retreat, after 4 p.m.
2710:wig-wag semaphore signaling
1835:General and Staff Officers
1641:Confederate order of battle
1596:Aggregate present for duty
1353:Fourth (Runyon's) Division
1319:Second (Hunter's) Division
1213:4th Division of Brig. Gen.
1156:1st Division of Brig. Gen.
599:Opposing political leaders
537:Virginia Military Institute
312:14,000–18,000 (not engaged)
10:
13148:
12529:Prince William Forest Park
12504:Marine Corps Base Quantico
12112:Fairfax Symphony Orchestra
11853:Battle of Chancellorsville
11838:Northern Virginia Campaign
11548:Confederate Secret Service
11136:Grand Army of the Republic
11028:Grand Army of the Republic
10846:Southern Claims Commission
8697:Battle of Vienna, Virginia
8662:Battle of Blackburn's Ford
8599:Gettysburg-Newark Lowlands
7741:57#2 (June 2011): 106–120.
7181:American Battlefield Trust
5711:American Battlefield Trust
5633:The Kent Family Chronicles
5190:U.S. National Park Service
5175:
3147:
2626:Situation morning, July 21
1638:
1003:
879:Movements July 16–21, 1861
778:. Although McDowell was a
770:Secretary of the Treasury
679:Charleston, South Carolina
565:
559:
258:Department of Pennsylvania
13052:
13042:
12897:
12798:Bull Run Mountain Estates
12778:
12764:
12733:
12714:
12641:
12621:
12613:Second Battle of Bull Run
12600:
12593:
12560:Manassas Regional Airport
12547:
12491:
12475:
12464:
12420:
12402:
12329:
12317:Second Battle of Bull Run
12292:
12250:
12242:Dulles Toll Road (VA 267)
12219:
12206:Manassas Regional Airport
12198:
12191:
12125:
12104:
12093:
12044:
12021:
11936:
11861:
11813:
11788:
11755:
11744:
11728:Colonel, Virginia Militia
11715:
11647:
11623:
11536:Confederate States dollar
11508:
11450:
11395:
11347:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
11342:Emancipation Proclamation
11304:
11236:Medal of Honor recipients
11193:
11189:
11172:
11124:Confederate Memorial Hall
11106:
11085:
11043:
11015:
11006:
10926:Confederate Memorial Hall
10899:Confederate History Month
10879:Civil War Discovery Trail
10859:
10780:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
10611:
10586:Reconstruction Amendments
10576:
10572:
10561:
10483:
10352:
10345:
10285:
10149:
10142:
10138:
10125:
10067:
9814:
9807:
9638:
9494:
9453:
9421:
9388:
9381:
9377:
9348:
9245:
9195:Emancipation Proclamation
9163:
9064:
9060:
9049:
8883:
8832:
8788:Jeff Davis Cavalry Legion
8756:
8735:
8714:
8703:
8692:Second Battle of Bull Run
8654:
8586:
8565:
8558:
8534:
8497:
8490:
8440:
8417:
8408:
8328:
8287:
8278:
8253:
8212:
8203:
8111:
8058:
8049:
8021:
7981:
7972:
7677:Goldfield, David, et al.
7600:October 17, 2015, at the
6305:January 20, 2016, at the
6097:Ballard, p. v. (Preface).
5790:October 12, 2018, at the
5731:American Civil War portal
5709:on October 15, 1966. The
5699:National Battlefield Park
5194:national battlefield park
5183:"Bull Run" vs. "Manassas"
5130:Second Battle of Bull Run
5126:Army of Northern Virginia
4938:
4916:
4894:
4873:
4852:
4830:
4807:
4786:
4763:
4742:
4718:
4697:
4674:
4651:
4628:
4580:
4557:
4516:
4495:
4474:
4452:
4409:
4388:
4365:
4342:
4320:
4297:
4274:
4253:
4230:
4207:
4185:
4160:
4137:
4115:
4091:
4069:
4048:
4026:
4002:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3861:(two 10-pounder Parrotts,
3792:(six 10-pounder Parrots)
3771:one 30-pounder Parrott).
3757:
3754:
3751:
3649:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3608:
3605:
3549:
3522:
3494:
3471:
3465:
3462:
3405:
3376:
3370:
3367:
3317:
3289:
3262:
3234:
3227:
3204:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3002:Further map details, see:
2756:Further map details, see:
2599:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2507:
2504:
2485:
2482:
2461:
2458:
2437:
2434:
2413:
2410:
2389:
2386:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2241:
2220:
2199:
2178:
2157:
2134:
2113:
2092:
2069:
2046:
2023:
2000:
1978:
1956:
1934:
1912:
1890:
1868:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1648:Key Confederate Generals
1616:
1608:
1600:
1547:
1541:
1518:
1512:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1422:
1405:
1386:
1369:
1352:
1335:
1318:
1302:First (Tyler's) Division
1301:
1286:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1262:
1259:
735:of Confederate President
576:Western Virginia Campaign
399:
327:
284:
240:
219:
181:
97:
75:
67:
58:
12608:First Battle of Bull Run
12570:Virginia State Route 234
12312:First Battle of Bull Run
12268:Virginia Railway Express
12237:Virginia State Route 123
12015:Fairfax County, Virginia
11848:Battle of Fredericksburg
11823:First Battle of Manassas
11800:Great Train Raid of 1861
11610:U.S. Sanitary Commission
11521:Battlefield preservation
11427:Marching Through Georgia
11352:Hampton Roads Conference
11327:Confiscation Act of 1862
11322:Confiscation Act of 1861
11098:U.S. national cemeteries
10904:Confederate Memorial Day
10889:Civil War Trails Program
10758:New Orleans riot of 1866
8956:Ravensworth (plantation)
8951:Ox Hill Battlefield Park
8946:Ossian Hall (plantation)
8824:Union Army Balloon Corps
8809:First New Jersey Brigade
8687:First Battle of Bull Run
8341:Spotsylvania Court House
8066:Burnside's NC Expedition
7594:The War of the Rebellion
7510:Lincoln and His Generals
7474:Robertson, James I., Jr.
5959:August 29, 2009, at the
5925:January 1, 2009, at the
5769:
5689:Battlefield preservation
5482:Situation at 16:30–17:30
5398:Situation at 14:30–15:00
5356:Situation at 12:00–12:30
5335:Situation at 11:00–11:30
5314:Situation at 10:30–11:00
5293:Situation at 05:30–06:00
5078:ascended in the balloon
4895:Twenty-seventh Virginia
4070:Seventeenth Mississippi
2745:William Tecumseh Sherman
2114:Troops (ten) of cavalry
1752:7th Brigade, under Col.
1745:6th Brigade, under Col.
1738:5th Brigade, under Col.
1370:Fifth (Miles') Division
999:
467:Battle of First Manassas
463:First Battle of Bull Run
62:Battle of First Manassas
59:First Battle of Bull Run
31:latest accepted revision
12649:George Mason University
12337:George Mason University
12232:Springfield Interchange
11904:Stonewall Jackson's arm
11898:Stonewall Jackson's Way
11877:Winchester Headquarters
11870:Thomas Jonathan Jackson
11531:Confederate war finance
11151:Southern Cross of Honor
11119:1938 Gettysburg reunion
11114:1913 Gettysburg reunion
10812:Reconstruction Treaties
10785:Enforcement Act of 1870
10668:Freedman's Savings Bank
9285:Lane Debates on Slavery
9110:Lincoln–Douglas debates
8819:XXII Corps (Union Army)
7925:The American Cyclopædia
7891:April 29, 2011, at the
7541:March 17, 2017, at the
7023:Greenhow, Rose O'Neal,
7014:Freeman, vol. 1, p. 79.
6889:March 22, 2023, at the
6454:March 22, 2023, at the
6300:"Greenhow, Rose O'Neal"
6072:March 17, 2017, at the
6029:March 17, 2017, at the
5998:March 17, 2017, at the
5987:March 22, 2023, at the
5900:March 17, 2017, at the
5869:March 17, 2017, at the
5805:"National Park Service"
5613:The Starbuck Chronicles
5253:Situation Mid-July 1861
5206:Confederate Battle Flag
5024:George Templeton Strong
4389:Twenty-eighth Virginia
4092:Eighteenth Mississippi
4049:Thirteenth Mississippi
3890:(six 13-pounder James)
3472:Division headquarters.
3430:Five surgeons missing.
3401:Four surgeons missing.
2970:Philip St. George Cocke
2872:Illustrated London News
2706:Edward Porter Alexander
2486:First Virginia Cavalry
1740:Philip St. George Cocke
895:Battlefield of Manassas
675:Confederate States Army
105:July 21, 1861
12772:
12565:Prince William Parkway
12534:Leesylvania State Park
12227:Fairfax County Parkway
12143:Inova Fairfax Hospital
11780:Battle for Mexico City
11590:Richmond riots of 1863
11516:Baltimore riot of 1861
11296:U.S. Military Railroad
11216:Confederate Home Guard
10948:Historiographic issues
10914:Historical reenactment
9413:Revenue Cutter Service
9280:William Lloyd Garrison
9189:Dred Scott v. Sandford
8769:17th Virginia Infantry
8478:Appomattox Court House
8009:McClellan's operations
7793:July 19, 2015, at the
7692:Gottfried, Bradley M.
7364:Haydon, F. Stansbury.
7138:"manassascivilwar.org"
6604:A Single Grand Victory
5678:
5229:Additional battle maps
5098:Battle of Ball's Bluff
5055:
5039:
5019:
4917:Thirty-third Virginia
4604:ARMY OF THE SHENANDOAH
4208:Eighth South Carolina
4161:Fourth South Carolina
4138:Second South Carolina
3675:Total, Fifth Division
3578:Total, Third Division
3435:Total Second Division
3340:Total, First Division
3065:
2987:'s (commanded by Col.
2956:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2875:
2826:
2818:
2692:
2683:
2653:
2627:
2619:
2435:Brigadier-General Bee
2339:ARMY OF THE SHENANDOAH
1770:Army of the Shenandoah
1690:Army of the Shenandoah
896:
888:
880:
858:Army of the Shenandoah
723:
711:
653:On December 20, 1860,
458:
450:
279:Army of the Shenandoah
220:Commanders and leaders
12770:
12524:Old Dominion Speedway
12342:University of Fairfax
11816:battles and campaigns
11793:raids and expeditions
11775:Battle of Chapultepec
11555:Great Revival of 1863
11432:Maryland, My Maryland
11221:Confederate railroads
10884:Civil War Roundtables
10753:Meridian riot of 1871
10748:Memphis riots of 1866
9305:George Luther Stearns
9290:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
9183:Crittenden Compromise
8764:8th Virginia Infantry
8672:Battle of Dranesville
7912:Texts on Wikisource:
7845:June 3, 2011, at the
7809:World Digital Library
7606:a Compilation of the
7591:U.S. War Department,
7560:, 1908, Des Moines IA
7379:Livermore, Thomas L.
7328:Esposito, Vincent J.
7166:National Park Service
7032:May 20, 2013, at the
6328:June 5, 2013, at the
6208:Long, pp. 60, 70, 76.
5843:July 1, 2020, at the
5785:National Park Service
5703:National Park Service
5668:
5631:, the fifth novel in
5592:The Blue and the Gray
5176:Further information:
5156:, Adjutant-General."
5136:Effect on Confederacy
5091:11,000 Pennsylvanians
5050:
5030:
5015:
4764:Sixth North Carolina
4743:Eleventh Mississippi
4410:Forty-ninth Virginia
4321:Seventeenth Virginia
4186:Fifth South Carolina
4116:Fifth North Carolina
3883:One 10-pounder saved
3863:two 6-pounders (old),
3854:Two 6-pounders saved
3070:Confederate President
3059:69th (Irish) Regiment
3056:
2962:4th Virginia Infantry
2951:
2901:
2893:
2885:
2864:
2824:
2816:
2697:Nathan "Shanks" Evans
2689:
2678:
2662:demonstration attacks
2642:
2625:
2617:
2483:Col. J. E. B. Stuart
1639:Further information:
1224:5th Division of Col.
1196:Samuel P. Heintzelman
1194:3rd Division of Col.
1179:2nd Division of Col.
1084:Samuel P. Heintzelman
1006:Union order of battle
1004:Further information:
949:Samuel P. Heintzelman
894:
886:
878:
717:
702:
572:Battle of Fort Sumter
566:Further information:
533:brigade of Virginians
456:
448:
328:Casualties and losses
126:Prince William County
13065:United States portal
12158:Tysons Corner Center
11757:Mexican–American War
11442:Daar kom die Alibama
11357:National Union Party
11033:memorials to Lincoln
10953:Lost Cause mythology
10658:Eufaula riot of 1874
10646:Confederate refugees
9859:District of Columbia
9486:Union naval blockade
9332:Underground Railroad
9120:Nullification crisis
8921:Huntley (plantation)
8906:Fort Lyon (Virginia)
8774:1st Virginia Cavalry
8743:Burke's Station Raid
8220:Tidewater operations
8102:Goldsboro Expedition
7759:Longacre, Edward G.
7556:Dyer, Frederick H.,
7529:May 9, 2017, at the
7197:Alexander, Edward P.
6996:Eicher, pp. 100–101.
6984:Executive Department
6880:Further information:
6845:Detzer, pp. 434–435.
6794:Thehistoryreader.com
6689:"Battle Of Bull Run"
6445:Further information:
6058:Further information:
6015:Further information:
5978:Further information:
5945:May 9, 2008, at the
5935:, adjutant generals
5932:The Century Magazine
5886:Further information:
5860:Further information:
5834:Further information:
5586:How the West Was Won
5523:improve this section
5164:has argued that the
4366:Nineteenth Virginia
4343:Eighteenth Virginia
3888:Rhode Island Battery
3859:Fifth S. Artillery ,
2851:Pattern 1853 Enfield
2508:Virginia Volunteers
2505:Col. A. C. Cummings
1761:Theophilus H. Holmes
1712:Milledge Luke Bonham
1174:Israel B. Richardson
956:Israel B. Richardson
862:Theophilus H. Holmes
812:Rose O'Neal Greenhow
707:, General in Chief,
12307:Battle of Chantilly
12278:Fredericksburg Line
11770:Battle of Contreras
11600:Supreme Court cases
11367:Radical Republicans
11146:Old soldiers' homes
11130:Confederate Veteran
11056:artworks in Capitol
10775:Reconstruction acts
10636:Colfax riot of 1873
9600:Richmond-Petersburg
9205:Fugitive slave laws
9135:Popular sovereignty
9115:Missouri Compromise
9105:Kansas-Nebraska Act
8996:Bailey's Crossroads
8814:2nd Vermont Brigade
8667:Battle of Chantilly
7902:Library of Congress
7410:McPherson, James M.
7348:Freeman, Douglas S.
7263:Brown, J. Willard.
7005:Detzer, pp. 492–93.
6929:Haydon, pp. 192–93.
6836:Ballard, pp. 35–36.
6770:on February 1, 2019
6426:Eicher, pp. 91–100.
6341:Davis, pp. 110–111.
5110:George B. McClellan
5076:Thaddeus S. C. Lowe
5058:— James A. Rawley,
4964:Total Second Corps
4719:Second Mississippi
4558:Thirtieth Virginia
3978:ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
3774:Lieutenant Edwards
3161:
3119:Detailed casualties
2345:Commanding officer
2341:
2071:Thirteenth Virginia
1828:
1826:ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
1704:Army of the Potomac
1670:Army of the Potomac
1666:P. G. T. Beauregard
1597:
1471:Commanding officer
1467:
1465:PATTERSON'S COMMAND
1256:
1200:William B. Franklin
1189:Ambrose E. Burnside
1013:Key Union Generals
989:Thaddeus S. C. Lowe
935:'s division at the
671:Montgomery, Alabama
518:P. G. T. Beauregard
404:Fairfax Court House
306:Patterson's Command
274:Army of the Potomac
265:Patterson's Command
235:P. G. T. Beauregard
151:38.8150°N 77.5225°W
147: /
21:Page version status
12773:
12659:Strayer University
11833:Seven Days Battles
11814:American Civil War
11790:American Civil War
11421:A Lincoln Portrait
11362:Politicians killed
11286:U.S. Balloon Corps
11281:Union corps badges
11061:memorials to Davis
10931:Disenfranchisement
10802:Reconstruction era
10683:Timber Culture Act
10641:Compromise of 1877
9605:Franklin–Nashville
9275:Frederick Douglass
9178:Cornerstone Speech
9095:Compromise of 1850
9043:American Civil War
8875:Edwin H. Stoughton
8396:Boydton Plank Road
8134:Seven Days Battles
7852:FirstBullRun.co.uk
7782:Battle of Bull Run
7722:Hennessy, John J.
7506:Williams, T. Harry
7342:West Point website
7248:Beatie, Russel H.
7223:. Washington, DC:
7097:McPherson, p. 342.
6920:Rawley, pp. 56–57.
6660:Robertson, p. 264.
6493:The New York Times
6281:Fishel, Edwin C.,
6160:Long, pp. 59, 706.
5759:Bull Run Mountains
5679:
5491:In popular culture
5461:Situation at 16:00
5440:Situation at 15:30
5419:Situation at 15:00
5377:Situation at 13:00
5162:James M. McPherson
5102:Leesburg, Virginia
4939:Total First Corps
4027:Seventh Louisiana
3785:20-pounders saved
3157:
3096:Brief observations
3077:Milledge L. Bonham
3066:
2985:Edmund Kirby Smith
2977:Oliver Otis Howard
2957:
2920:States Rights Gist
2904:
2902:Judith Henry grave
2896:
2888:
2876:
2827:
2819:
2693:
2684:
2681:Sudley Spring Ford
2654:
2628:
2620:
2411:Col. F. S. Bartow
2337:
1824:
1807:Edmund Kirby Smith
1686:Joseph E. Johnston
1595:
1463:
1252:
1204:Orlando B. Willcox
1170:William T. Sherman
941:Warrenton Turnpike
897:
889:
881:
840:Rappahannock River
733:Richmond, Virginia
724:
712:
592:American Civil War
525:Joseph E. Johnston
503:Richmond, Virginia
475:American Civil War
459:
451:
231:Joseph E. Johnston
214:Confederate States
86:bridge during the
84:Manassas, Virginia
70:American Civil War
27:
13092:Manassas campaign
13074:
13073:
12667:
12666:
12637:
12636:
12407:Northern Virginia
12355:
12354:
12325:
12324:
12288:
12287:
12258:Fairfax Connector
12026:Northern Virginia
11952:
11951:
11927:Stonewall Jackson
11843:Maryland Campaign
11805:Romney Expedition
11765:Siege of Veracruz
11733:Stonewall Brigade
11709:Stonewall Jackson
11675:
11674:
11643:
11642:
11639:
11638:
11473:Italian Americans
11458:African Americans
11415:John Brown's Body
11168:
11167:
11164:
11163:
11081:
11080:
10919:Robert E. Lee Day
10663:Freedmen's Bureau
10626:Brooks–Baxter War
10557:
10556:
10553:
10552:
10549:
10548:
10341:
10340:
10121:
10120:
10117:
10116:
10113:
10112:
9530:Northern Virginia
9476:Trans-Mississippi
9449:
9448:
9344:
9343:
9340:
9339:
9236:Uncle Tom's Cabin
9173:African Americans
9009:
9008:
8722:Bog Wallow Ambush
8616:
8615:
8612:
8611:
8604:Shenandoah Valley
8594:Cumberland Valley
8554:
8553:
8546:Northern Virginia
8486:
8485:
8404:
8403:
8356:Trevilian Station
8274:
8273:
8199:
8198:
8084:Northern Virginia
8045:
8044:
7768:Civil War History
7754:978-1-61364-129-3
7739:Civil War History
7732:978-0-8117-1591-1
7707:Hankinson, Alan.
7702:978-1-932714-60-9
7661:Davis, William C.
7564:Longstreet, James
7458:Rawley, James A.
7443:Rafuse, Ethan S.
7306:978-0-15-603143-1
7279:Davis, William C.
7233:978-0-16-068078-6
7204:Gary W. Gallagher
7168:. March 13, 2009.
6796:. July 21, 2011.
6580:. July 20, 2015.
6362:Livermore, p. 77.
6199:Long, p. 69, 706.
5564:Gods and Generals
5559:
5558:
5551:
5013:
5012:
4517:Washington (La.)
4275:Seventh Virginia
3925:
3924:
3842:Captain Carlisle
3728:
3727:
3138:Francis S. Bartow
3030:Additional Map 12
3024:Additional Map 11
3018:Additional Map 10
2831:Thomas J. Jackson
2804:James B. Ricketts
2733:Francis S. Bartow
2702:Robert C. Schenck
2645:George N. Barnard
2597:
2596:
2551:
2550:
2351:PRESENT FOR DUTY
2330:
2329:
2288:
2287:
2221:Shield's battery
2179:Latham's battery
2158:Kemper's battery
2002:Seventh Louisiana
1793:Francis S. Bartow
1786:Thomas J. Jackson
1698:
1697:
1632:
1631:
1593:
1592:
1515:George Cadwalader
1477:Present for duty
1456:
1455:
1162:Robert C. Schenck
1142:
1141:
970:Prelude to battle
960:Stonewall Jackson
915:under Brig. Gen.
887:Situation July 18
870:Shenandoah Valley
868:of 1,465) in the
816:P.G.T. Beauregard
752:Mississippi River
728:75,000 volunteers
687:Charleston Harbor
651:
650:
562:Manassas Campaign
541:Thomas J. Jackson
529:Shenandoah Valley
527:arrived from the
507:Brigadier General
442:
441:
391:Manassas campaign
356:
355:
177:
176:
156:38.8150; -77.5225
18:
13139:
13132:July 1861 events
13127:1861 in Virginia
13066:
13059:
12823:Independent Hill
12769:
12726:
12719:
12709:
12704:
12694:
12687:
12680:
12671:
12670:
12598:
12597:
12470:
12394:
12393:
12392:
12382:
12375:
12368:
12359:
12358:
12297:
12296:
12196:
12195:
12168:Great Falls Park
12099:
12013:
12012:
12011:
12001:
11994:
11987:
11978:
11977:
11969:
11968:
11967:
11960:
11750:
11702:
11695:
11688:
11679:
11678:
11665:
11655:
11654:
11478:Native Americans
11463:German Americans
11256:Partisan rangers
11251:Official Records
11191:
11190:
11174:
11173:
11066:memorials to Lee
11013:
11012:
10574:
10573:
10563:
10562:
10350:
10349:
10147:
10146:
10140:
10139:
10127:
10126:
10100:Washington, D.C.
9894:Indian Territory
9854:Dakota Territory
9812:
9811:
9729:Chancellorsville
9520:Jackson's Valley
9510:Blockade runners
9386:
9385:
9379:
9378:
9350:
9349:
9310:Thaddeus Stevens
9300:Lysander Spooner
9260:Susan B. Anthony
9062:
9061:
9051:
9050:
9036:
9029:
9022:
9013:
9012:
8860:John Quincy Marr
8845:Michael Corcoran
8709:
8643:
8636:
8629:
8620:
8619:
8563:
8562:
8539:
8504:
8503:
8495:
8494:
8415:
8414:
8295:Valley campaigns
8285:
8284:
8261:Chancellorsville
8226:Chancellorsville
8210:
8209:
8159:Savage's Station
8144:Beaver Dam Creek
8072:Jackson's Valley
8056:
8055:
7994:Western Virginia
7979:
7978:
7959:
7952:
7945:
7936:
7935:
7929:
7921:
7919:"Bull Run"
7911:
7860:
7859:
7744:Hines, Blaikie.
7657:
7655:
7653:
7647:
7608:Official Records
7586:, Volume 1 (Pdf)
7490:Salmon, John S.
7344:. Praeger, 1959.
7312:Eicher, David J.
7240:
7239:
7184:
7176:
7170:
7169:
7152:
7146:
7145:
7140:. Archived from
7134:
7128:
7127:
7125:
7123:
7118:on July 17, 2011
7114:. Archived from
7104:
7098:
7095:
7089:
7086:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7075:
7047:
7041:
7021:
7015:
7012:
7006:
7003:
6997:
6994:
6988:
6987:
6975:
6969:
6966:
6960:
6959:
6957:
6955:
6936:
6930:
6927:
6921:
6918:
6912:
6909:
6903:
6900:
6894:
6877:
6871:
6868:
6855:
6852:
6846:
6843:
6837:
6834:
6828:
6825:
6819:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6786:
6780:
6779:
6777:
6775:
6766:. Archived from
6760:
6754:
6751:
6745:
6742:
6736:
6733:
6727:
6724:
6718:
6715:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6704:
6685:
6679:
6676:
6670:
6667:
6661:
6658:
6652:
6649:
6643:
6640:
6634:
6631:
6625:
6622:
6616:
6613:
6607:
6600:
6594:
6593:
6591:
6589:
6578:Ironbrigader.com
6570:
6564:
6561:
6555:
6552:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6536:
6531:on March 9, 2016
6516:
6510:
6509:
6507:
6505:
6483:
6477:
6474:
6468:
6465:
6459:
6442:
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6433:
6427:
6424:
6418:
6415:
6409:
6406:
6400:
6399:
6397:
6395:
6389:
6381:History.army.mil
6378:
6369:
6363:
6360:
6351:
6348:
6342:
6339:
6333:
6320:
6314:
6297:
6286:
6279:
6270:
6263:
6257:
6254:
6245:
6244:Long, pp. 94–95.
6242:
6236:
6233:
6227:
6226:Long, pp. 69–70.
6224:
6218:
6215:
6209:
6206:
6200:
6197:
6191:
6190:
6188:
6186:
6167:
6161:
6158:
6152:
6149:
6143:
6142:Long, pp. 56–57.
6140:
6134:
6131:
6125:
6122:
6116:
6113:
6107:
6106:Long, pp. 12–13.
6104:
6098:
6095:
6089:
6086:
6077:
6055:
6046:
6040:
6034:
6012:
6003:
5975:
5964:
5916:
5905:
5883:
5874:
5857:
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5831:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5820:
5801:
5795:
5782:
5733:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5661:Sesquicentennial
5645:The Decemberists
5609:Bernard Cornwell
5554:
5547:
5543:
5540:
5534:
5503:
5495:
5473:
5452:
5431:
5410:
5389:
5368:
5347:
5326:
5305:
5284:
5263:
5244:
5118:Army of Virginia
5062:
5046:
5042:— David Detzer,
5026:
5022:— Union diarist
4831:Fourth Virginia
4808:Second Virginia
4787:Third Tennessee
4652:Seventh Georgia
4298:Eighth Virginia
3937:
3936:
3765:(two 20-pounder
3735:
3734:
3162:
3156:
3130:Secretary of War
3114:
3113:
3109:
3106:
3081:James Longstreet
3012:Additional Map 9
3006:Additional Map 8
2931:William F. Barry
2843:Hampton's Legion
2835:Virginia Brigade
2790:Henry House Hill
2778:Additional Map 7
2772:Additional Map 6
2766:Additional Map 5
2760:Additional Map 4
2741:Henry House Hill
2737:Ambrose Burnside
2679:U.S. cavalry at
2666:Richard S. Ewell
2652:
2649:
2556:
2555:
2387:Colonel Jackson
2342:
2336:
2290:
2289:
2200:Loudoun Battery
2048:Hampton's Legion
2025:Eighth Louisiana
1829:
1823:
1733:James Longstreet
1719:Richard S. Ewell
1680:
1660:
1645:
1644:
1598:
1594:
1548:Second division
1468:
1462:
1257:
1251:
1242:Robert Patterson
1234:Thomas A. Davies
1208:Oliver O. Howard
1166:Erasmus D. Keyes
1134:Robert Patterson
1128:
1112:
1096:
1078:
1062:
1046:
1025:
1010:
1009:
964:Piedmont Station
854:Robert Patterson
808:Washington, D.C.
744:Washington, D.C.
632:
611:
596:
595:
487:Washington, D.C.
429:Blackburn's Ford
394:
392:
382:
375:
368:
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80:
63:
56:
55:
39:4 September 2024
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13058:Virginia portal
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12519:Jiffy Lube Live
12487:
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11975:
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11963:
11955:
11953:
11948:
11944:Lee–Jackson Day
11932:
11892:Monument Avenue
11857:
11828:Valley Campaign
11815:
11809:
11792:
11784:
11751:
11742:
11711:
11706:
11676:
11671:
11635:
11619:
11504:
11468:Irish Americans
11446:
11391:
11300:
11291:U.S. Home Guard
11231:Field artillery
11185:
11184:
11160:
11102:
11077:
11039:
11008:
11002:
10894:Civil War Trust
10861:
10855:
10743:Ethnic violence
10728:Kirk–Holden war
10607:
10568:
10545:
10479:
10337:
10281:
10134:
10109:
10063:
9816:
9803:
9634:
9615:Sherman's March
9595:Bermuda Hundred
9490:
9445:
9417:
9373:
9372:
9336:
9295:J. Sella Martin
9265:James G. Birney
9241:
9159:
9085:Bleeding Kansas
9073:
9056:
9045:
9040:
9010:
9005:
9001:Wolf Run Shoals
8966:Taylor's Tavern
8911:Fort Marcy Park
8901:Colvin Run Mill
8879:
8870:Laura Ratcliffe
8828:
8784:Georgia Hussars
8752:
8731:
8710:
8701:
8650:
8647:
8617:
8608:
8582:
8550:
8530:
8498:
8482:
8448:2nd Fort Fisher
8436:
8400:
8371:2nd Deep Bottom
8324:
8307:Bermuda Hundred
8270:
8249:
8195:
8164:White Oak Swamp
8107:
8041:
8017:
7968:
7963:
7893:Wayback Machine
7857:
7847:Wayback Machine
7828:Harper's Weekly
7799:Civil War Trust
7795:Wayback Machine
7778:
7773:
7651:
7649:
7645:
7639:
7620:
7618:Further reading
7615:
7602:Wayback Machine
7552:
7547:
7543:Wayback Machine
7531:Wayback Machine
7296:Detzer, David.
7237:
7192:
7187:
7177:
7173:
7154:
7153:
7149:
7144:on May 5, 2011.
7136:
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7034:Wayback Machine
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6938:
6937:
6933:
6928:
6924:
6919:
6915:
6911:Detzer, p. 488.
6910:
6906:
6902:Eicher, p. 100.
6901:
6897:
6891:Wayback Machine
6878:
6874:
6870:Ballard, p. 36.
6869:
6858:
6854:Detzer, p. 383.
6853:
6849:
6844:
6840:
6835:
6831:
6827:Ballard, p. 35.
6826:
6822:
6817:
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6803:
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6788:
6787:
6783:
6773:
6771:
6762:
6761:
6757:
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6748:
6743:
6739:
6735:Ballard, p. 32.
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6484:
6480:
6475:
6471:
6466:
6462:
6456:Wayback Machine
6443:
6439:
6434:
6430:
6425:
6421:
6417:Ballard, p. 10.
6416:
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6393:
6391:
6387:
6376:
6370:
6366:
6361:
6354:
6349:
6345:
6340:
6336:
6330:Wayback Machine
6321:
6317:
6309:, (1817–1864),
6307:Wayback Machine
6298:
6289:
6280:
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6255:
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6128:
6123:
6119:
6114:
6110:
6105:
6101:
6096:
6092:
6087:
6080:
6074:Wayback Machine
6056:
6049:
6041:
6037:
6031:Wayback Machine
6013:
6006:
6000:Wayback Machine
5989:Wayback Machine
5976:
5967:
5961:Wayback Machine
5947:Wayback Machine
5927:Wayback Machine
5917:
5908:
5902:Wayback Machine
5884:
5877:
5871:Wayback Machine
5858:
5851:
5845:Wayback Machine
5832:
5828:
5818:
5816:
5803:
5802:
5798:
5792:Wayback Machine
5783:
5776:
5772:
5729:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5691:
5663:
5580:North and South
5569:film adaptation
5555:
5544:
5538:
5535:
5520:
5504:
5493:
5486:
5485:(July 21, 1861)
5484:
5480:
5474:
5465:
5464:(July 21, 1861)
5463:
5459:
5453:
5444:
5443:(July 21, 1861)
5442:
5438:
5432:
5423:
5422:(July 21, 1861)
5421:
5417:
5411:
5402:
5401:(July 21, 1861)
5400:
5396:
5390:
5381:
5380:(July 21, 1861)
5379:
5375:
5369:
5360:
5359:(July 21, 1861)
5358:
5354:
5348:
5339:
5338:(July 21, 1861)
5337:
5333:
5327:
5318:
5317:(July 21, 1861)
5316:
5312:
5306:
5297:
5296:(July 21, 1861)
5295:
5291:
5285:
5276:
5275:(Mid-July 1861)
5274:
5270:
5264:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5236:
5231:
5218:
5202:
5185:
5180:
5174:
5166:esprit de corps
5150:Valley Campaign
5138:
5069:
5064:
5057:
5048:
5041:
5028:
5021:
4874:Tenth Virginia
4853:Fifth Virginia
4698:First Maryland
4675:Eighth Georgia
4629:Fourth Alabama
4254:First Virginia
4231:Hampton Legion
3930:
3889:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3838:
3791:
3770:
3764:
3150:
3121:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3073:Jefferson Davis
3039:
2867:Frank Vizetelly
2808:Charles Griffin
2799:John D. Imboden
2792:
2787:
2721:Roberdeau Wheat
2650:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2462:Fourth brigade
2414:Second brigade
1935:Fourth Brigade
1891:Second Brigade
1775:J. E. B. Stuart
1754:Nathan G. Evans
1692:
1684:
1681:
1672:
1664:
1661:
1643:
1637:
1544:William H. Keim
1519:First division
1513:Bvt. Maj. Gen.
1215:Theodore Runyon
1136:
1132:
1129:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1104:
1102:Theodore Runyon
1100:
1097:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1038:
1029:
1026:
1008:
1002:
997:
995:Opposing forces
972:
905:Theodore Runyon
824:
800:
788:Abraham Lincoln
772:Salmon P. Chase
768:
737:Jefferson Davis
694:Abraham Lincoln
669:was adopted in
645:
641:
638:Jefferson Davis
636:
633:
624:
620:
617:Abraham Lincoln
615:
612:
594:
564:
558:
553:
449:Virginia (1861)
443:
438:
409:Arlington Mills
395:
390:
388:
386:
351:
349:
347:
340:
338:
336:
323:18,000 engaged)
318:
301:18,000 engaged)
296:
276:
233:
207:
205:
189:
187:
155:
153:
149:
146:
141:
138:
136:
134:
133:
132:
108:
106:
92:F. O. C. Darley
81:
61:
60:
52:
47:
46:
45:
44:
43:
42:
26:
12:
11:
5:
13145:
13135:
13134:
13129:
13124:
13119:
13114:
13109:
13104:
13099:
13094:
13089:
13072:
13071:
13069:
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13061:
13053:
13050:
13049:
13046:
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13037:
13036:
13031:
13026:
13021:
13019:Sudley Springs
13016:
13011:
13006:
13001:
12996:
12991:
12986:
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12971:
12966:
12961:
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12951:
12946:
12941:
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12931:
12926:
12921:
12916:
12911:
12905:
12903:
12899:Unincorporated
12895:
12894:
12892:
12891:
12886:
12881:
12876:
12871:
12865:
12860:
12855:
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12661:
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12602:
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12587:
12582:
12577:
12572:
12567:
12562:
12557:
12551:
12549:
12548:Transportation
12545:
12544:
12542:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12526:
12521:
12516:
12511:
12506:
12501:
12495:
12493:
12489:
12488:
12486:
12485:
12479:
12477:
12473:
12472:
12465:
12463:
12461:
12460:
12455:
12450:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12424:
12422:
12421:Administration
12418:
12417:
12415:
12414:
12409:
12403:
12400:
12399:
12385:
12384:
12377:
12370:
12362:
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12339:
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12314:
12309:
12303:
12301:
12294:
12290:
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12286:
12285:
12283:
12282:
12281:
12280:
12275:
12265:
12260:
12254:
12252:
12248:
12247:
12245:
12244:
12239:
12234:
12229:
12223:
12221:
12217:
12216:
12214:
12213:
12208:
12202:
12200:
12193:
12192:Transportation
12189:
12188:
12186:
12185:
12180:
12175:
12170:
12165:
12160:
12155:
12150:
12145:
12140:
12135:
12129:
12127:
12123:
12122:
12120:
12119:
12114:
12108:
12106:
12102:
12101:
12094:
12092:
12090:
12089:
12084:
12079:
12074:
12069:
12064:
12059:
12054:
12048:
12046:
12045:Administration
12042:
12041:
12039:
12038:
12033:
12028:
12022:
12019:
12018:
12004:
12003:
11996:
11989:
11981:
11974:
11973:
11950:
11949:
11947:
11946:
11940:
11938:
11934:
11933:
11931:
11930:
11922:
11914:
11906:
11901:
11894:
11889:
11884:
11882:Stone Mountain
11879:
11874:
11865:
11863:
11862:Historic items
11859:
11858:
11856:
11855:
11850:
11845:
11840:
11835:
11830:
11825:
11819:
11817:
11811:
11810:
11808:
11807:
11802:
11796:
11794:
11786:
11785:
11783:
11782:
11777:
11772:
11767:
11761:
11759:
11753:
11752:
11745:
11743:
11741:
11740:
11735:
11730:
11725:
11719:
11717:
11713:
11712:
11705:
11704:
11697:
11690:
11682:
11673:
11672:
11670:
11669:
11659:
11648:
11645:
11644:
11641:
11640:
11637:
11636:
11634:
11633:
11627:
11625:
11621:
11620:
11618:
11617:
11615:Women soldiers
11612:
11607:
11602:
11597:
11592:
11587:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11570:Naming the war
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11551:
11550:
11540:
11539:
11538:
11528:
11523:
11518:
11512:
11510:
11506:
11505:
11503:
11502:
11501:
11500:
11495:
11490:
11485:
11475:
11470:
11465:
11460:
11454:
11452:
11448:
11447:
11445:
11444:
11439:
11434:
11429:
11424:
11417:
11412:
11407:
11401:
11399:
11393:
11392:
11390:
11389:
11384:
11379:
11374:
11369:
11364:
11359:
11354:
11349:
11344:
11339:
11334:
11329:
11324:
11319:
11314:
11308:
11306:
11302:
11301:
11299:
11298:
11293:
11288:
11283:
11278:
11273:
11268:
11263:
11258:
11253:
11248:
11243:
11238:
11233:
11228:
11223:
11218:
11213:
11208:
11206:Campaign Medal
11203:
11197:
11195:
11187:
11186:
11183:
11182:
11181:Related topics
11178:
11170:
11169:
11166:
11165:
11162:
11161:
11159:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
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11100:
11095:
11089:
11087:
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11082:
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11070:
11069:
11068:
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11040:
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11036:
11035:
11030:
11019:
11017:
11010:
11004:
11003:
11001:
11000:
10995:
10990:
10985:
10980:
10975:
10970:
10965:
10960:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10944:
10943:
10938:
10928:
10923:
10922:
10921:
10916:
10911:
10909:Decoration Day
10906:
10901:
10896:
10891:
10886:
10881:
10876:
10865:
10863:
10862:Reconstruction
10857:
10856:
10854:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10842:
10841:
10831:
10826:
10821:
10820:
10819:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10798:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10772:
10771:
10770:
10765:
10760:
10755:
10750:
10740:
10735:
10730:
10725:
10724:
10723:
10718:
10716:second inquiry
10713:
10708:
10703:
10698:
10688:
10687:
10686:
10680:
10673:Homestead Acts
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10654:
10653:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10628:
10623:
10621:Alabama Claims
10617:
10615:
10613:Reconstruction
10609:
10608:
10606:
10605:
10604:
10603:
10601:15th Amendment
10598:
10596:14th Amendment
10593:
10591:13th Amendment
10582:
10580:
10570:
10569:
10559:
10558:
10555:
10554:
10551:
10550:
10547:
10546:
10544:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10503:
10498:
10493:
10487:
10485:
10481:
10480:
10478:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10457:
10452:
10447:
10442:
10437:
10432:
10427:
10422:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10356:
10354:
10347:
10343:
10342:
10339:
10338:
10336:
10335:
10330:
10325:
10320:
10315:
10310:
10305:
10300:
10295:
10289:
10287:
10283:
10282:
10280:
10279:
10274:
10269:
10264:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10244:
10239:
10234:
10229:
10224:
10222:J. E. Johnston
10219:
10217:A. S. Johnston
10214:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10179:
10174:
10169:
10164:
10159:
10157:R. H. Anderson
10153:
10151:
10144:
10136:
10135:
10123:
10122:
10119:
10118:
10115:
10114:
10111:
10110:
10108:
10107:
10102:
10097:
10092:
10087:
10082:
10077:
10071:
10069:
10065:
10064:
10062:
10061:
10056:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10026:
10021:
10019:South Carolina
10016:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9996:
9994:North Carolina
9991:
9986:
9981:
9976:
9971:
9966:
9961:
9956:
9951:
9946:
9941:
9936:
9931:
9926:
9921:
9916:
9911:
9906:
9901:
9896:
9891:
9886:
9881:
9876:
9871:
9866:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9846:
9841:
9836:
9831:
9826:
9820:
9818:
9809:
9805:
9804:
9802:
9801:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9719:Fredericksburg
9716:
9711:
9706:
9701:
9696:
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9659:Wilson's Creek
9656:
9651:
9645:
9643:
9636:
9635:
9633:
9632:
9627:
9622:
9617:
9612:
9607:
9602:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9501:
9499:
9492:
9491:
9489:
9488:
9483:
9478:
9473:
9471:Lower Seaboard
9468:
9463:
9457:
9455:
9451:
9450:
9447:
9446:
9444:
9443:
9438:
9433:
9427:
9425:
9419:
9418:
9416:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9394:
9392:
9383:
9375:
9374:
9371:
9370:
9367:
9364:
9361:
9358:
9354:
9346:
9345:
9342:
9341:
9338:
9337:
9335:
9334:
9329:
9327:Harriet Tubman
9324:
9323:
9322:
9315:Charles Sumner
9312:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9251:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9240:
9239:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9185:
9180:
9175:
9169:
9167:
9161:
9160:
9158:
9157:
9152:
9150:States' rights
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9076:
9074:
9072:
9071:
9065:
9058:
9057:
9047:
9046:
9039:
9038:
9031:
9024:
9016:
9007:
9006:
9004:
9003:
8998:
8993:
8988:
8983:
8978:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8887:
8885:
8881:
8880:
8878:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8836:
8834:
8830:
8829:
8827:
8826:
8821:
8816:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8781:
8776:
8771:
8766:
8760:
8758:
8754:
8753:
8751:
8750:
8745:
8739:
8737:
8733:
8732:
8730:
8729:
8724:
8718:
8716:
8712:
8711:
8704:
8702:
8700:
8699:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8658:
8656:
8652:
8651:
8646:
8645:
8638:
8631:
8623:
8614:
8613:
8610:
8609:
8607:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8590:
8588:
8584:
8583:
8581:
8580:
8575:
8569:
8567:
8560:
8556:
8555:
8552:
8551:
8549:
8548:
8542:
8540:
8532:
8531:
8529:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8507:
8505:
8492:
8488:
8487:
8484:
8483:
8481:
8480:
8475:
8473:Sailor's Creek
8470:
8468:3rd Petersburg
8465:
8460:
8455:
8450:
8444:
8442:
8438:
8437:
8435:
8434:
8428:
8421:
8419:
8412:
8406:
8405:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8386:Chaffin's Farm
8383:
8381:3rd Winchester
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8361:2nd Petersburg
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8332:
8330:
8326:
8325:
8323:
8322:
8321:(Jun–Mar 1865)
8316:
8310:
8304:
8298:
8291:
8289:
8282:
8276:
8275:
8272:
8271:
8269:
8268:
8263:
8257:
8255:
8251:
8250:
8248:
8247:
8241:
8235:
8229:
8223:
8216:
8214:
8207:
8201:
8200:
8197:
8196:
8194:
8193:
8191:Fredericksburg
8188:
8183:
8178:
8177:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8115:
8113:
8109:
8108:
8106:
8105:
8099:
8096:Fredericksburg
8093:
8087:
8081:
8075:
8069:
8062:
8060:
8053:
8047:
8046:
8043:
8042:
8040:
8039:
8034:
8028:
8026:
8019:
8018:
8016:
8015:
8012:
8006:
8003:
7997:
7991:
7987:
7985:
7976:
7970:
7969:
7962:
7961:
7954:
7947:
7939:
7933:
7932:
7931:
7930:
7905:
7895:
7883:
7875:
7870:
7854:
7849:
7837:
7832:
7824:
7816:
7811:
7802:
7777:
7776:External links
7774:
7772:
7771:
7764:
7757:
7742:
7735:
7720:
7705:
7690:
7675:
7658:
7637:
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7441:
7426:
7407:
7392:
7377:
7362:
7345:
7326:
7309:
7294:
7276:
7261:
7246:
7217:Ballard, Ted.
7215:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7185:
7171:
7147:
7129:
7099:
7090:
7081:
7062:
7042:
7016:
7007:
6998:
6989:
6970:
6968:Rawley, p. 58.
6961:
6944:www.senate.gov
6931:
6922:
6913:
6904:
6895:
6872:
6856:
6847:
6838:
6829:
6820:
6811:
6781:
6755:
6746:
6737:
6728:
6719:
6710:
6693:Historynet.com
6680:
6671:
6662:
6653:
6644:
6635:
6633:Salmon, p. 19.
6626:
6617:
6615:Eicher, p. 95.
6608:
6595:
6565:
6556:
6542:
6511:
6478:
6469:
6460:
6437:
6435:Eicher, p. 92.
6428:
6419:
6410:
6408:Ballard, p. 9.
6401:
6364:
6352:
6350:Ballard, p. 8.
6343:
6334:
6315:
6287:
6271:
6267:Winfield Scott
6258:
6256:Ballard, p. 4.
6246:
6237:
6228:
6219:
6210:
6201:
6192:
6162:
6153:
6144:
6135:
6126:
6117:
6108:
6099:
6090:
6088:Eicher, p. 99.
6078:
6047:
6035:
6004:
5965:
5906:
5875:
5849:
5826:
5796:
5773:
5771:
5768:
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5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5735:
5734:
5718:
5715:
5690:
5687:
5662:
5659:
5650:Murder at 1600
5617:Upton Sinclair
5557:
5556:
5507:
5505:
5498:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5475:
5468:
5466:
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5370:
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5286:
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5068:
5065:
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5010:
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4992:
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4909:
4907:
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4899:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
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4870:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
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3464:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:General staff
3202:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3149:
3146:
3120:
3117:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3057:Return of the
3044:Dixon S. Miles
3038:
3035:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2725:Wheat's Tigers
2633:Sudley Springs
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:General staff
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2459:Col. A. Elzey
2456:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2438:Third brigade
2436:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2390:First brigade
2388:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1979:Sixth Brigade
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:Fifth Brigade
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1913:Third Brigade
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1869:First Brigade
1866:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1800:Barnard E. Bee
1796:
1789:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1726:David R. Jones
1722:
1715:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1682:
1675:
1673:
1662:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:General staff
1284:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1238:
1237:
1226:Dixon S. Miles
1222:
1211:
1192:
1177:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1121:
1118:Dixon S. Miles
1114:
1107:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1039:
1031:Irvin McDowell
1027:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
971:
968:
828:North American
823:
820:
799:
796:
776:Irvin McDowell
767:
766:Irvin McDowell
764:
748:Winfield Scott
705:Winfield Scott
655:South Carolina
649:
648:
647:
646:
634:
627:
625:
613:
606:
601:
600:
560:Main article:
557:
554:
552:
549:
510:Irvin McDowell
440:
439:
437:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
400:
397:
396:
385:
384:
377:
370:
362:
354:
353:
342:
330:
329:
325:
324:
315:
314:
313:
303:
302:
287:
286:
282:
281:
270:
269:
268:
255:
254:
243:
242:
241:Units involved
238:
237:
228:
226:Irvin McDowell
222:
221:
217:
216:
203:
184:
183:
179:
178:
175:
174:
168:
164:
163:
122:Fairfax County
120:
118:
114:
113:
103:
95:
94:
82:Struggle on a
73:
72:
65:
64:
50:
28:
22:
19:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13144:
13133:
13130:
13128:
13125:
13123:
13120:
13118:
13115:
13113:
13110:
13108:
13105:
13103:
13100:
13098:
13095:
13093:
13090:
13088:
13085:
13084:
13082:
13067:
13062:
13060:
13055:
13054:
13051:
13045:
13041:
13035:
13032:
13030:
13027:
13025:
13022:
13020:
13017:
13015:
13012:
13010:
13007:
13005:
13002:
13000:
12997:
12995:
12992:
12990:
12987:
12985:
12982:
12980:
12979:Hickory Ridge
12977:
12975:
12972:
12970:
12967:
12965:
12962:
12960:
12957:
12955:
12952:
12950:
12947:
12945:
12942:
12940:
12937:
12935:
12932:
12930:
12927:
12925:
12922:
12920:
12917:
12915:
12912:
12910:
12907:
12906:
12904:
12902:
12896:
12890:
12887:
12885:
12882:
12880:
12877:
12875:
12872:
12869:
12868:Quantico Base
12866:
12864:
12863:Potomac Mills
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12829:
12826:
12824:
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12808:County Center
12806:
12804:
12801:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12785:
12783:
12781:
12777:
12759:
12756:
12754:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12744:
12741:
12740:
12738:
12736:
12732:
12728:
12727:
12720:
12713:
12708:United States
12705:
12695:
12690:
12688:
12683:
12681:
12676:
12675:
12672:
12660:
12657:
12655:
12652:
12650:
12647:
12646:
12644:
12640:
12630:
12627:
12626:
12624:
12620:
12614:
12611:
12609:
12606:
12605:
12603:
12599:
12596:
12592:
12586:
12583:
12581:
12580:Interstate 95
12578:
12576:
12575:Interstate 66
12573:
12571:
12568:
12566:
12563:
12561:
12558:
12556:
12553:
12552:
12550:
12546:
12540:
12539:Potomac Mills
12537:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12517:
12515:
12512:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12496:
12494:
12490:
12484:
12481:
12480:
12478:
12476:Organizations
12474:
12469:
12459:
12456:
12454:
12451:
12449:
12446:
12444:
12441:
12439:
12436:
12434:
12431:
12429:
12426:
12425:
12423:
12419:
12413:
12410:
12408:
12405:
12404:
12401:
12397:
12383:
12378:
12376:
12371:
12369:
12364:
12363:
12360:
12348:
12345:
12343:
12340:
12338:
12335:
12334:
12332:
12328:
12318:
12315:
12313:
12310:
12308:
12305:
12304:
12302:
12298:
12295:
12291:
12279:
12276:
12274:
12273:Manassas Line
12271:
12270:
12269:
12266:
12264:
12261:
12259:
12256:
12255:
12253:
12249:
12243:
12240:
12238:
12235:
12233:
12230:
12228:
12225:
12224:
12222:
12218:
12212:
12209:
12207:
12204:
12203:
12201:
12197:
12194:
12190:
12184:
12181:
12179:
12176:
12174:
12171:
12169:
12166:
12164:
12161:
12159:
12156:
12154:
12151:
12149:
12146:
12144:
12141:
12139:
12136:
12134:
12131:
12130:
12128:
12124:
12118:
12115:
12113:
12110:
12109:
12107:
12105:Organizations
12103:
12098:
12088:
12085:
12083:
12080:
12078:
12075:
12073:
12070:
12068:
12065:
12063:
12060:
12058:
12055:
12053:
12050:
12049:
12047:
12043:
12037:
12034:
12032:
12029:
12027:
12024:
12023:
12020:
12016:
12002:
11997:
11995:
11990:
11988:
11983:
11982:
11979:
11972:
11962:
11961:
11958:
11945:
11942:
11941:
11939:
11935:
11929:
11928:
11923:
11921:
11920:
11915:
11913:
11912:
11907:
11905:
11902:
11899:
11895:
11893:
11890:
11888:
11885:
11883:
11880:
11878:
11875:
11873:
11871:
11867:
11866:
11864:
11860:
11854:
11851:
11849:
11846:
11844:
11841:
11839:
11836:
11834:
11831:
11829:
11826:
11824:
11821:
11820:
11818:
11812:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11797:
11795:
11791:
11787:
11781:
11778:
11776:
11773:
11771:
11768:
11766:
11763:
11762:
11760:
11758:
11754:
11749:
11739:
11736:
11734:
11731:
11729:
11726:
11724:
11721:
11720:
11718:
11714:
11710:
11703:
11698:
11696:
11691:
11689:
11684:
11683:
11680:
11668:
11664:
11660:
11658:
11650:
11649:
11646:
11632:
11629:
11628:
11626:
11622:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11588:
11586:
11585:Photographers
11583:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11560:Gender issues
11558:
11556:
11553:
11549:
11546:
11545:
11544:
11541:
11537:
11534:
11533:
11532:
11529:
11527:
11524:
11522:
11519:
11517:
11514:
11513:
11511:
11507:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11486:
11484:
11481:
11480:
11479:
11476:
11474:
11471:
11469:
11466:
11464:
11461:
11459:
11456:
11455:
11453:
11449:
11443:
11440:
11438:
11435:
11433:
11430:
11428:
11425:
11423:
11422:
11418:
11416:
11413:
11411:
11408:
11406:
11403:
11402:
11400:
11398:
11394:
11388:
11387:War Democrats
11385:
11383:
11380:
11378:
11377:Union Leagues
11375:
11373:
11370:
11368:
11365:
11363:
11360:
11358:
11355:
11353:
11350:
11348:
11345:
11343:
11340:
11338:
11335:
11333:
11330:
11328:
11325:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11309:
11307:
11303:
11297:
11294:
11292:
11289:
11287:
11284:
11282:
11279:
11277:
11276:Turning point
11274:
11272:
11269:
11267:
11264:
11262:
11259:
11257:
11254:
11252:
11249:
11247:
11246:Naval battles
11244:
11242:
11239:
11237:
11234:
11232:
11229:
11227:
11224:
11222:
11219:
11217:
11214:
11212:
11209:
11207:
11204:
11202:
11199:
11198:
11196:
11192:
11188:
11180:
11179:
11175:
11171:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11131:
11127:
11125:
11122:
11120:
11117:
11115:
11112:
11111:
11109:
11105:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11090:
11088:
11084:
11074:
11071:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11057:
11054:
11053:
11052:
11049:
11048:
11046:
11042:
11034:
11031:
11029:
11026:
11025:
11024:
11021:
11020:
11018:
11014:
11011:
11009:and memorials
11005:
10999:
10996:
10994:
10991:
10989:
10986:
10984:
10981:
10979:
10976:
10974:
10971:
10969:
10966:
10964:
10961:
10959:
10956:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10942:
10939:
10937:
10934:
10933:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10920:
10917:
10915:
10912:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10890:
10887:
10885:
10882:
10880:
10877:
10875:
10872:
10871:
10870:
10869:Commemoration
10867:
10866:
10864:
10858:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10840:
10837:
10836:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10818:
10815:
10814:
10813:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10781:
10778:
10777:
10776:
10773:
10769:
10766:
10764:
10761:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10745:
10744:
10741:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10729:
10726:
10722:
10719:
10717:
10714:
10712:
10711:first inquiry
10709:
10707:
10704:
10702:
10699:
10697:
10694:
10693:
10692:
10689:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10675:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10652:
10649:
10648:
10647:
10644:
10642:
10639:
10637:
10634:
10632:
10631:Carpetbaggers
10629:
10627:
10624:
10622:
10619:
10618:
10616:
10614:
10610:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10588:
10587:
10584:
10583:
10581:
10579:
10575:
10571:
10564:
10560:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10507:
10504:
10502:
10499:
10497:
10494:
10492:
10489:
10488:
10486:
10482:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10446:
10443:
10441:
10438:
10436:
10433:
10431:
10428:
10426:
10423:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10413:
10411:
10408:
10406:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10357:
10355:
10351:
10348:
10344:
10334:
10331:
10329:
10326:
10324:
10321:
10319:
10316:
10314:
10311:
10309:
10306:
10304:
10301:
10299:
10296:
10294:
10291:
10290:
10288:
10284:
10278:
10275:
10273:
10270:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10255:
10253:
10250:
10248:
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10173:
10170:
10168:
10165:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10154:
10152:
10148:
10145:
10141:
10137:
10133:
10128:
10124:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10098:
10096:
10093:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10083:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10072:
10070:
10066:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10054:West Virginia
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10020:
10017:
10015:
10012:
10010:
10007:
10005:
10002:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9985:
9982:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9974:New Hampshire
9972:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9934:Massachusetts
9932:
9930:
9927:
9925:
9922:
9920:
9917:
9915:
9912:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9900:
9897:
9895:
9892:
9890:
9887:
9885:
9882:
9880:
9877:
9875:
9872:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9845:
9842:
9840:
9837:
9835:
9832:
9830:
9827:
9825:
9822:
9821:
9819:
9813:
9810:
9806:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9675:
9674:Hampton Roads
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9664:Fort Donelson
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9646:
9644:
9642:
9637:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9621:
9618:
9616:
9613:
9611:
9608:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9598:
9596:
9593:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9560:Morgan's Raid
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9505:Anaconda Plan
9503:
9502:
9500:
9498:
9493:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9481:Pacific Coast
9479:
9477:
9474:
9472:
9469:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9458:
9456:
9452:
9442:
9439:
9437:
9434:
9432:
9429:
9428:
9426:
9424:
9420:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9395:
9393:
9391:
9387:
9384:
9380:
9376:
9368:
9365:
9362:
9359:
9356:
9355:
9351:
9347:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9321:
9318:
9317:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9252:
9250:
9248:
9244:
9238:
9237:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9215:Positive good
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9190:
9186:
9184:
9181:
9179:
9176:
9174:
9171:
9170:
9168:
9166:
9162:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9130:Panic of 1857
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9090:Border states
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9077:
9075:
9070:
9067:
9066:
9063:
9059:
9052:
9048:
9044:
9037:
9032:
9030:
9025:
9023:
9018:
9017:
9014:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8992:
8989:
8987:
8986:Munson's Hill
8984:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8926:Fort O'Rourke
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8888:
8886:
8882:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8865:John S. Mosby
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8855:Thaddeus Lowe
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8838:
8837:
8835:
8831:
8825:
8822:
8820:
8817:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8789:
8785:
8782:
8780:
8777:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8761:
8759:
8755:
8749:
8748:Mosby's Raids
8746:
8744:
8741:
8740:
8738:
8734:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8719:
8717:
8713:
8708:
8698:
8695:
8693:
8690:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8678:
8675:
8673:
8670:
8668:
8665:
8663:
8660:
8659:
8657:
8653:
8644:
8639:
8637:
8632:
8630:
8625:
8624:
8621:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8591:
8589:
8585:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8570:
8568:
8564:
8561:
8557:
8547:
8544:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8533:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8508:
8506:
8502:
8496:
8493:
8489:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8445:
8443:
8441:Major battles
8439:
8432:
8429:
8426:
8423:
8422:
8420:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8407:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8333:
8331:
8329:Major battles
8327:
8320:
8317:
8314:
8311:
8308:
8305:
8302:
8299:
8296:
8293:
8292:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8277:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8258:
8256:
8254:Major battles
8252:
8245:
8242:
8239:
8236:
8233:
8230:
8227:
8224:
8221:
8218:
8217:
8215:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8202:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8136:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8119:Hampton Roads
8117:
8116:
8114:
8112:Major battles
8110:
8103:
8100:
8097:
8094:
8091:
8088:
8085:
8082:
8079:
8076:
8073:
8070:
8067:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8057:
8054:
8052:
8048:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8029:
8027:
8025:
8020:
8013:
8010:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7998:
7995:
7992:
7989:
7988:
7986:
7984:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7971:
7967:
7960:
7955:
7953:
7948:
7946:
7941:
7940:
7937:
7927:
7926:
7920:
7914:
7913:
7910:
7906:
7903:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7890:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7880:
7876:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7865:
7864:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7844:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7829:
7825:
7823:
7821:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7806:
7803:
7800:
7796:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7783:
7780:
7779:
7769:
7765:
7762:
7758:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7743:
7740:
7736:
7733:
7729:
7725:
7721:
7718:
7717:1-85532-133-5
7714:
7710:
7706:
7703:
7699:
7695:
7691:
7688:
7687:0-13-088243-7
7684:
7680:
7676:
7673:
7672:0-8071-0867-7
7669:
7665:
7662:
7659:
7644:
7640:
7638:9780820333557
7634:
7630:
7629:
7623:
7622:
7611:
7609:
7603:
7599:
7596:
7595:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7580:
7577:
7576:0-306-80464-6
7573:
7569:
7565:
7562:
7559:
7555:
7554:
7544:
7540:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7528:
7525:
7522:
7519:
7518:0-9654382-6-0
7515:
7511:
7507:
7504:
7501:
7500:0-8117-2868-4
7497:
7493:
7489:
7486:
7485:0-02-864685-1
7482:
7478:
7475:
7472:
7469:
7468:0-8032-8935-9
7465:
7461:
7457:
7454:
7453:0-8420-2875-7
7450:
7446:
7442:
7439:
7438:0-393-04758-X
7435:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7423:0-19-503863-0
7420:
7416:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7405:
7401:
7397:
7393:
7390:
7389:0-527-57600-X
7386:
7382:
7378:
7375:
7374:0-8018-6442-9
7371:
7367:
7363:
7360:
7359:0-684-85979-3
7356:
7352:
7349:
7346:
7343:
7339:
7335:
7331:
7327:
7324:
7323:0-684-84944-5
7320:
7316:
7313:
7310:
7307:
7303:
7299:
7295:
7292:
7291:0-8094-4704-5
7288:
7284:
7280:
7277:
7274:
7273:0-405-06036-X
7270:
7266:
7262:
7259:
7258:0-306-81141-3
7255:
7251:
7247:
7244:
7243:public domain
7234:
7230:
7226:
7222:
7221:
7216:
7213:
7212:0-8078-4722-4
7209:
7205:
7201:
7198:
7195:
7194:
7182:
7179:
7175:
7167:
7163:
7162:
7157:
7151:
7143:
7139:
7133:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7103:
7094:
7085:
7069:
7065:
7063:9780199743902
7059:
7055:
7054:
7046:
7039:
7035:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7020:
7011:
7002:
6993:
6985:
6981:
6974:
6965:
6949:
6945:
6941:
6935:
6926:
6917:
6908:
6899:
6892:
6888:
6885:
6881:
6876:
6867:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6851:
6842:
6833:
6824:
6815:
6799:
6795:
6791:
6785:
6769:
6765:
6759:
6750:
6741:
6732:
6723:
6714:
6698:
6694:
6690:
6684:
6675:
6666:
6657:
6648:
6639:
6630:
6621:
6612:
6605:
6599:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6569:
6560:
6551:
6549:
6547:
6530:
6526:
6522:
6515:
6499:
6495:
6494:
6489:
6482:
6473:
6464:
6457:
6453:
6450:
6446:
6441:
6432:
6423:
6414:
6405:
6386:
6382:
6375:
6372:Ted Ballard.
6368:
6359:
6357:
6347:
6338:
6331:
6327:
6324:
6319:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6301:
6296:
6294:
6292:
6284:
6278:
6276:
6268:
6262:
6253:
6251:
6241:
6232:
6223:
6214:
6205:
6196:
6180:
6176:
6172:
6166:
6157:
6148:
6139:
6130:
6121:
6112:
6103:
6094:
6085:
6083:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6059:
6054:
6052:
6044:
6039:
6032:
6028:
6025:
6021:
6020:
6016:
6011:
6009:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5979:
5974:
5972:
5970:
5962:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5951:Thomas Jordan
5948:
5944:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5933:
5928:
5924:
5921:
5915:
5913:
5911:
5903:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5891:
5887:
5882:
5880:
5872:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5856:
5854:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5835:
5830:
5814:
5810:
5806:
5800:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5781:
5779:
5774:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5732:
5721:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5686:
5683:
5676:
5672:
5667:
5658:
5656:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5642:
5638:
5637:Johnny Horton
5634:
5630:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5593:
5588:
5587:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5575:
5570:
5566:
5565:
5553:
5550:
5542:
5532:
5528:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5513:
5508:This section
5506:
5502:
5497:
5496:
5483:
5478:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5262:
5257:
5254:
5249:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5226:
5224:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5197:
5195:
5191:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5142:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5122:Robert E. Lee
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5094:
5092:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5077:
5073:
5063:
5061:
5054:
5047:
5045:
5038:
5036:
5027:
5025:
5018:
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3972:Enlisted Men
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3207:
3203:
3200:Enlisted Men
3194:Enlisted Men
3188:Enlisted Men
3183:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3134:Simon Cameron
3131:
3127:
3126:James Cameron
3116:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3049:
3048:Parrott rifle
3045:
3037:Union retreat
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
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3020:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3008:
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3003:
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2892:
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2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:Simon Cameron
2852:
2848:
2847:J.E.B. Stuart
2844:
2840:
2836:
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2667:
2663:
2659:
2658:Wilmer McLean
2646:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2624:
2616:
2610:Matthews Hill
2605:Morning phase
2592:
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2028:
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2022:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2003:
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1994:
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1981:
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1281:
1278:
1277:
1266:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1230:Louis Blenker
1227:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1185:Andrew Porter
1182:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1135:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1061:
1056:
1053:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1007:
992:
990:
986:
985:
979:
977:
967:
965:
961:
957:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
929:
925:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
893:
885:
877:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
852:
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
829:
819:
817:
813:
810:, recruiting
809:
805:
804:Thomas Jordan
795:
793:
789:
786:
781:
777:
773:
763:
761:
760:Anaconda Plan
757:
753:
749:
745:
740:
738:
734:
729:
721:
720:Anaconda plan
716:
710:
706:
701:
697:
695:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
644:
639:
631:
626:
623:
618:
610:
605:
604:
603:
602:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
563:
548:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
508:
504:
500:
495:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
465:, called the
464:
455:
447:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
398:
393:
383:
378:
376:
371:
369:
364:
363:
360:
350:1,582 wounded
346:
343:
341:1,216 missing
339:1,011 wounded
335:
332:
331:
326:
317:32,000–34,000
316:
311:
310:
309:
307:
294:
293:
292:
289:
288:
283:
280:
277:
275:
271:
267:(not engaged)
266:
263:
262:
261:
259:
253:
250:
249:
248:
245:
244:
239:
236:
232:
229:
227:
224:
223:
218:
215:
204:
201:
197:
196:United States
186:
185:
180:
172:
169:
166:
165:
160:
131:
127:
123:
119:
116:
115:
104:
101:
100:
96:
93:
89:
85:
79:
74:
71:
66:
57:
54:
40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
13024:Thoroughfare
12964:Featherstone
12722:
12607:
12585:U.S. Route 1
12311:
12183:Fort Belvoir
12153:Gunston Hall
12148:Mount Vernon
11926:
11918:
11910:
11869:
11822:
11526:Bibliography
11509:Other topics
11451:By ethnicity
11419:
11372:Trent Affair
11271:Signal Corps
11128:
10851:White League
10738:Ku Klux Klan
10651:Confederados
10578:Constitution
10450:D. D. Porter
10303:Breckinridge
10014:Rhode Island
10009:Pennsylvania
9764:Spotsylvania
9724:Stones River
9704:2nd Bull Run
9654:1st Bull Run
9653:
9540:Stones River
9441:Marine Corps
9408:Marine Corps
9247:Abolitionism
9234:
9187:
8991:Upton's Hill
8981:Minor's Hill
8976:Mason's Hill
8941:Okeley Manor
8850:Antonia Ford
8840:Clara Barton
8790:, Company F)
8686:
8458:Fort Stedman
8376:Globe Tavern
8181:2nd Bull Run
8174:Malvern Hill
8149:Gaines' Mill
8124:Williamsburg
8037:1st Bull Run
8036:
7923:
7878:
7862:
7827:
7819:
7786:
7767:
7760:
7745:
7738:
7723:
7708:
7693:
7678:
7663:
7652:February 20,
7650:. Retrieved
7627:
7605:
7593:
7583:
7567:
7557:
7509:
7491:
7476:
7459:
7444:
7429:
7412:
7395:
7394:Long, E. B.
7380:
7365:
7350:
7329:
7314:
7297:
7282:
7264:
7249:
7219:
7202:. Edited by
7199:
7174:
7159:
7150:
7142:the original
7132:
7120:. Retrieved
7116:the original
7112:visitpwc.com
7111:
7102:
7093:
7084:
7072:. Retrieved
7052:
7045:
7037:
7025:
7019:
7010:
7001:
6992:
6983:
6973:
6964:
6954:September 5,
6952:. Retrieved
6943:
6934:
6925:
6916:
6907:
6898:
6879:
6875:
6850:
6841:
6832:
6823:
6814:
6802:. Retrieved
6793:
6784:
6772:. Retrieved
6768:the original
6758:
6749:
6740:
6731:
6722:
6713:
6701:. Retrieved
6692:
6683:
6674:
6665:
6656:
6647:
6638:
6629:
6620:
6611:
6603:
6598:
6586:. Retrieved
6577:
6568:
6559:
6533:. Retrieved
6529:the original
6524:
6514:
6502:. Retrieved
6496:. New York.
6491:
6481:
6472:
6463:
6444:
6440:
6431:
6422:
6413:
6404:
6392:. Retrieved
6380:
6367:
6346:
6337:
6318:
6310:
6282:
6261:
6240:
6231:
6222:
6217:Long, p. 79.
6213:
6204:
6195:
6183:. Retrieved
6174:
6165:
6156:
6151:Long, p. 59.
6147:
6138:
6133:Long. p. 43.
6129:
6124:Long, p. 33.
6120:
6111:
6102:
6093:
6061:
6060:
6057:
6042:
6038:
6018:
6017:
6014:
5977:
5937:James B. Fry
5930:
5889:
5888:
5885:
5859:
5833:
5829:
5817:. Retrieved
5808:
5799:
5692:
5684:
5680:
5648:
5640:
5628:
5620:
5604:
5596:
5590:
5585:
5579:
5574:Class of '61
5572:
5562:
5560:
5545:
5536:
5521:Please help
5509:
5481:
5476:
5460:
5455:
5439:
5434:
5418:
5413:
5397:
5392:
5376:
5371:
5355:
5350:
5334:
5329:
5313:
5308:
5292:
5287:
5271:
5266:
5252:
5247:
5219:
5212:in general.
5203:
5186:
5165:
5158:
5143:
5139:
5095:
5087:
5079:
5070:
5059:
5056:
5051:
5043:
5040:
5031:
5020:
5016:
4988:Grand total
4603:
3977:
3932:
3931:
3730:
3729:
3701:Grand total
3158:
3152:
3151:
3142:
3122:
3099:
3085:
3067:
3040:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2989:Arnold Elzey
2974:
2972:'s brigade.
2958:
2952:
2924:
2909:
2905:
2877:
2870:
2839:Wade Hampton
2828:
2793:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2749:George Sykes
2715:
2694:
2655:
2629:
2552:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2293:Aggregates:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1768:
1702:
1689:
1669:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1239:
1218:
1181:David Hunter
1158:Daniel Tyler
1143:
1068:David Hunter
1052:Daniel Tyler
1034:
983:
980:
973:
945:David Hunter
937:Stone Bridge
933:Daniel Tyler
930:
926:
917:Daniel Tyler
898:
844:
825:
801:
798:Intelligence
769:
754:and capture
741:
725:
708:
652:
642:
621:
545:
522:
496:
466:
462:
460:
434:1st Bull Run
433:
344:
333:
305:
304:
290:
272:
264:
256:
246:
182:Belligerents
68:Part of the
53:
38:
29:This is the
23:
13014:Southbridge
13004:Minnieville
12999:Locust Hill
12934:Brentsville
12901:communities
12848:Loch Lomond
12843:Linton Hall
12838:Leesylvania
12818:Gainesville
12803:Cherry Hill
12718:County seat
12263:Silver Line
11872:(sculpture)
11332:Copperheads
11044:Confederate
10936:Black Codes
10262:E. K. Smith
10143:Confederate
10090:New Orleans
10085:Chattanooga
9949:Mississippi
9849:Connecticut
9817:territories
9808:Involvement
9769:Cold Harbor
9759:Fort Pillow
9749:Chattanooga
9744:Chickamauga
9694:Seven Pines
9684:New Orleans
9649:Fort Sumter
9590:Valley 1864
9423:Confederacy
9220:Slave Power
9200:Fire-Eaters
8727:Lewinsville
8578:Susquehanna
8573:Monongahela
8566:Departments
8453:Bentonville
8391:Cedar Creek
8351:Cold Harbor
8232:Gettysburg
8129:Seven Pines
8032:Fort Sumter
7787:Battle maps
7122:January 25,
6774:January 31,
6235:Ballard, 3.
5864:pp. 469–470
5838:pp. 314–315
5655:plan-relief
5619:'s novella
5216:Conclusions
3928:Confederate
3908:Total lost
3832:None saved
3809:None saved
3741:Commanders
2981:Jubal Early
2845:, and Col.
2729:Barnard Bee
2651: 1865
1747:Jubal Early
1635:Confederate
1219:not engaged
1172:, and Col.
976:Kirby Smith
901:Centreville
756:New Orleans
683:Fort Sumter
499:Fort Sumter
471:Confederate
424:Bunker Hill
171:Confederate
154: /
13081:Categories
13029:Wellington
12914:Agnewville
12884:Woodbridge
12858:Nokesville
12833:Lake Ridge
12828:Innovation
11716:Leadership
11565:Juneteenth
11086:Cemeteries
10963:Red Shirts
10874:Centennial
10824:Red Shirts
10232:Longstreet
10162:Beauregard
10105:Winchester
10080:Charleston
10049:Washington
9984:New Mexico
9979:New Jersey
9839:California
9815:States and
9799:Five Forks
9784:Mobile Bay
9754:Wilderness
9734:Gettysburg
9714:Perryville
9699:Seven Days
9630:Appomattox
9555:Gettysburg
9515:New Mexico
9382:Combatants
9357:Combatants
9270:John Brown
8931:Merrybrook
8715:Skirmishes
8526:Shenandoah
8463:Five Forks
8431:Appomattox
8425:Wilmington
8346:North Anna
8336:Wilderness
8319:Petersburg
8266:Gettysburg
7190:References
6588:October 8,
6185:October 2,
6175:Senate.gov
5993:p. 568–569
5629:The Titans
5625:John Jakes
5081:Enterprise
5044:Donnybrook
4434:ARTILLERY
3952:Aggregate
3903:One saved
3744:Guns lost
3738:Batteries
3063:Louis Lang
2966:Rebel yell
2829:Brig. Gen
2785:Noon phase
2670:D.R. Jones
2583:Artillery
2362:Artillery
2316:Artillery
1844:Artillery
1779:Shenandoah
1683:Brig. Gen.
1663:Brig. Gen.
1617:Artillery
1542:Maj. Gen.
1488:Artillery
1274:Aggregate
1099:Brig. Gen.
1081:Brig. Gen.
1065:Brig. Gen.
1049:Brig. Gen.
1035:Commanding
1028:Brig. Gen.
984:Enterprise
780:West Point
551:Background
491:Union Army
419:Hoke's Run
352:13 missing
348:387 killed
337:481 killed
142:77°31′21″W
139:38°48′54″N
109:1861-07-21
88:Union Army
13043:Footnotes
13034:West Gate
12969:Greenwich
12954:Catharpin
12924:Batestown
12889:Yorkshire
12853:Montclair
12813:Dale City
12748:Haymarket
12642:Education
12492:Landmarks
12330:Education
12126:Landmarks
11925:USS
11919:Stonewall
11917:USS
11911:Stonewall
11543:Espionage
11337:Diplomacy
11305:Political
11261:POW camps
11007:Monuments
10834:Scalawags
10829:Redeemers
10567:Aftermath
10516:Pinkerton
10455:Rosecrans
10420:McClellan
10323:Memminger
10059:Wisconsin
10024:Tennessee
9944:Minnesota
9919:Louisiana
9794:Nashville
9739:Vicksburg
9669:Pea Ridge
9620:Carolinas
9575:Red River
9570:Knoxville
9550:Tullahoma
9545:Vicksburg
9525:Peninsula
9497:campaigns
9363:Campaigns
9140:Secession
8916:Hope Park
8587:Landforms
8559:Geography
8433:(Mar–Apr)
8427:(Dec–Feb)
8418:Campaigns
8315:(May–Jun)
8303:(Apr–May)
8288:Campaigns
8246:(Nov–Dec)
8240:(Oct–Nov)
8234:(Jun–Jul)
8228:(Apr–May)
8222:(Mar–Apr)
8213:Campaigns
8139:Oak Grove
8098:(Nov–Dec)
8086:(Jul-Sep)
8080:(Mar–Jul)
8078:Peninsula
8074:(Mar–Jun)
8068:(Feb–Jun)
8059:Campaigns
8011:(Oct–Dec)
7996:(Jun–Dec)
7983:Campaigns
5539:July 2018
5510:does not
5114:John Pope
4610:INFANTRY
4475:Latham's
3984:INFANTRY
3969:Officers
3963:Officers
3957:Officers
3197:Officers
3191:Officers
3185:Officers
3091:Aftermath
2939:Ellsworth
2916:brigade's
2731:and Col.
2567:Infantry
2379:Officers
2373:Officers
2367:Officers
2356:Infantry
2300:Infantry
1861:Officers
1855:Officers
1849:Officers
1838:Infantry
1832:Commands
1601:Infantry
1505:Officers
1499:Officers
1493:Officers
1482:Infantry
1279:Officers
1268:For duty
1260:Commands
1131:Maj. Gen.
851:Maj. Gen.
785:President
703:Lt. Gen.
691:President
661:from the
659:secession
12974:Groveton
12959:Cornwell
12944:Buckland
12879:Triangle
12793:Bull Run
12788:Buckhall
12758:Quantico
12753:Occoquan
12743:Dumfries
12725:Manassas
12555:OmniRide
11971:Virginia
11657:Category
11498:Seminole
11488:Cherokee
11241:Medicine
11194:Military
11107:Veterans
10941:Jim Crow
10706:timeline
10501:Ericsson
10484:Civilian
10465:Sheridan
10425:McDowell
10385:Farragut
10370:Burnside
10360:Anderson
10353:Military
10333:Stephens
10293:Benjamin
10286:Civilian
10172:Buchanan
10150:Military
10095:Richmond
10044:Virginia
9989:New York
9964:Nebraska
9954:Missouri
9939:Michigan
9929:Maryland
9914:Kentucky
9889:Illinois
9864:Delaware
9844:Colorado
9829:Arkansas
9789:Franklin
9709:Antietam
9580:Overland
9535:Maryland
9454:Theaters
9360:Theaters
8521:Virginia
8313:Overland
8244:Mine Run
8186:Antietam
8169:Glendale
8090:Maryland
8000:Manassas
7889:Archived
7868:LibriVox
7843:Archived
7791:Archived
7643:Archived
7598:Archived
7539:Archived
7527:Archived
7404:68283123
7227:, 2003.
7074:June 15,
7068:Archived
7030:Archived
6948:Archived
6887:Archived
6804:March 1,
6798:Archived
6703:March 1,
6697:Archived
6582:Archived
6535:March 5,
6504:March 5,
6498:Archived
6452:Archived
6394:March 1,
6385:Archived
6326:Archived
6303:Archived
6179:Archived
6070:Archived
6027:Archived
5996:Archived
5985:Archived
5957:Archived
5943:Archived
5923:Archived
5898:Archived
5867:Archived
5841:Archived
5819:March 1,
5813:Archived
5788:Archived
5717:See also
5675:Virginia
5671:Manassas
5621:Manassas
5597:Manassas
5120:by Gen.
4581:Hanover
4539:CAVALRY
4496:Loudoun
3949:Missing
3946:Wounded
3940:Command
3868:Captain
3817:Captain
3797:Ricketts
3795:Captain
3767:Parrotts
3747:Remarks
3180:Remarks
3174:Missing
3171:Wounded
2941:'s Fire
2927:enfilade
2841:and his
2575:Cavalry
2359:Cavalry
2308:Cavalry
1841:Cavalry
1609:Cavalry
1485:Cavalry
1263:Present
1145:McDowell
913:division
909:outflank
836:Richmond
832:Bull Run
514:Bull Run
483:Manassas
285:Strength
130:Virginia
117:Location
35:reviewed
12939:Bristow
12919:Antioch
12601:Battles
12594:Culture
12300:Battles
12293:Culture
12251:Transit
11937:Related
11624:Related
11493:Choctaw
11483:Catawba
11266:Rations
11211:Cavalry
11073:Removal
10701:efforts
10685:of 1873
10531:Stevens
10526:Stanton
10511:Lincoln
10470:Sherman
10405:Halleck
10395:Frémont
10380:Du Pont
10318:Mallory
10277:Wheeler
10212:Jackson
10192:Forrest
10132:Leaders
10075:Atlanta
10039:Vermont
9959:Montana
9899:Indiana
9874:Georgia
9869:Florida
9834:Arizona
9824:Alabama
9774:Atlanta
9689:Corinth
9641:battles
9585:Atlanta
9565:Bristoe
9466:Western
9461:Eastern
9366:Battles
9165:Slavery
9069:Origins
9055:Origins
8786:(later
8655:Battles
8516:Potomac
8238:Bristoe
8024:battles
7900:at the
7763:(2014).
7338:5890637
5920:Ballard
5809:Nps.gov
5531:removed
5516:sources
5146:general
5100:, near
3943:Killed
3870:Griffin
3755:Smooth
3752:Rifled
3168:Killed
3165:Troops
3110:⁄
2994:regular
2943:Zouaves
2593:10,654
2570:10,010
2348:Troops
2326:21,863
2303:19,569
1628:14,344
1604:13,691
1474:Troops
1452:35,732
1168:, Col.
1164:, Col.
939:on the
866:brigade
173:victory
107: (
13009:Rixlew
12989:Joplin
12984:Hoadly
12949:Canova
12929:Bethel
12874:Sudley
12622:Events
11957:Portal
11667:Portal
11605:Tokens
10541:Welles
10521:Seward
10506:Hamlin
10475:Thomas
10410:Hooker
10375:Butler
10328:Seddon
10313:Hunter
10298:Bocock
10272:Taylor
10267:Stuart
10257:Semmes
10237:Morgan
10197:Gorgas
10177:Cooper
10068:Cities
10004:Oregon
9969:Nevada
9909:Kansas
9879:Hawaii
9779:Crater
9679:Shiloh
9639:Major
9625:Mobile
9495:Major
9369:States
9320:Caning
8833:People
8491:Armies
8366:Crater
8022:Major
7752:
7730:
7715:
7700:
7685:
7670:
7635:
7574:
7516:
7498:
7483:
7466:
7451:
7436:
7421:
7402:
7387:
7372:
7357:
7336:
7321:
7304:
7289:
7271:
7256:
7231:
7210:
7060:
6884:p. 328
6449:p. 187
6067:p. 570
6024:p. 327
5982:p. 187
5895:p. 309
5641:Shaman
5477:Map 12
5456:Map 11
5435:Map 10
5154:JORDAN
5035:Seward
3819:Arnold
3758:Total
3722:2,708
3599:1,068
3177:Total
2600:Battle
2529:Total
2311:1,468
2272:18,354
2263:Total
1625:Total
1577:13,047
1571:Total
1449:34,127
1446:35,614
1440:Total
1382:6,207
1365:5,752
1348:9,777
1331:2,648
1314:9,936
1308:12,226
1271:Total
1206:, and
590:; and
414:Vienna
295:35,732
211:
193:
167:Result
12735:Towns
12220:Roads
11410:Dixie
11397:Music
11016:Union
10860:Post-
10696:trial
10496:Chase
10491:Adams
10460:Scott
10435:Meigs
10430:Meade
10400:Grant
10390:Foote
10365:Buell
10346:Union
10308:Davis
10252:Price
10242:Mosby
10187:Ewell
10182:Early
10167:Bragg
10029:Texas
9924:Maine
9884:Idaho
9390:Union
8884:Sites
8757:Units
8736:Raids
8511:James
8309:(May)
8104:(Dec)
8092:(Sep)
8002:(Jul)
7646:(PDF)
6388:(PDF)
6377:(PDF)
6043:2,896
5954:cites
5940:cites
5770:Notes
5647:. In
5605:Rebel
5414:Map 9
5393:Map 8
5372:Map 7
5351:Map 6
5330:Map 5
5309:Map 4
5288:Map 3
5267:Map 2
5248:Map 1
5210:South
5000:1,519
4976:1,029
3719:1,176
3148:Union
2796:Capt.
2718:Major
2535:9,396
2468:2,106
2444:2,629
2420:2,391
2396:2,043
2278:1,383
2269:1,215
1988:2,356
1966:3,065
1944:2,364
1922:1,989
1900:2,307
1878:4,070
1554:6,410
1525:6,637
1443:1,707
1379:5,917
1376:5,884
1362:5,502
1359:5,201
1345:9,385
1342:8,680
1328:2,525
1325:2,364
1311:9,494
1000:Union
663:Union
635:Pres.
614:Pres.
345:1,982
334:2,708
200:Union
12994:Kopp
12909:Aden
12780:CDPs
11909:CSS
11595:Salt
11201:Arms
11051:List
11023:List
10536:Wade
10445:Pope
10415:Hunt
10247:Polk
10207:Hood
10202:Hill
10034:Utah
9999:Ohio
9904:Iowa
9436:Navy
9431:Army
9403:Navy
9398:Army
8410:1865
8280:1864
8205:1863
8051:1862
7974:1861
7750:ISBN
7728:ISBN
7713:ISBN
7698:ISBN
7683:ISBN
7668:ISBN
7654:2018
7633:ISBN
7572:ISBN
7514:ISBN
7496:ISBN
7481:ISBN
7464:ISBN
7449:ISBN
7434:ISBN
7419:ISBN
7400:OCLC
7385:ISBN
7370:ISBN
7355:ISBN
7334:OCLC
7319:ISBN
7302:ISBN
7287:ISBN
7269:ISBN
7254:ISBN
7229:ISBN
7208:ISBN
7124:2011
7076:2017
7058:ISBN
6986:: 8.
6956:2022
6806:2022
6776:2019
6705:2022
6590:2020
6537:2016
6506:2016
6396:2022
6187:2020
5991:and
5821:2022
5514:any
5512:cite
5009:632
4959:632
4249:121
3694:119
3643:116
3571:345
3543:429
3516:293
3456:666
3427:189
3398:477
3361:854
3311:581
3255:223
3079:and
3027:and
2775:and
2691:Run.
2586:278
2578:334
2547:263
2382:Men
2376:Men
2370:Men
2319:826
2284:775
2258:275
2153:201
1864:Men
1858:Men
1852:Men
1767:The
1701:The
1620:258
1612:395
1589:251
1537:251
1508:Men
1502:Men
1496:Men
1418:573
1401:745
1282:Men
1232:and
1187:and
1115:Col.
953:Col.
947:and
845:The
489:The
461:The
124:and
102:Date
12199:Air
10440:Ord
10227:Lee
5627:'s
5611:'s
5525:by
5124:'s
5116:'s
4994:362
4970:263
4951:490
4928:101
4906:122
4842:100
4687:153
4664:122
4641:151
4429:40
4361:19
4316:30
4293:47
4241:100
4226:28
4203:26
4181:96
4156:48
4111:38
4087:11
4044:26
4022:48
3919:25
3713:947
3707:462
3596:382
3590:452
3584:186
3568:174
3562:108
3540:186
3535:161
3507:183
3453:295
3447:224
3441:118
3395:236
3389:139
3358:404
3352:254
3346:152
3308:240
3302:193
3296:117
3283:50
3252:149
3033:.)
2833:'s
2781:.)
2562:32
2541:313
2532:614
2514:227
2496:313
2478:45
2465:156
2454:78
2441:161
2430:59
2417:155
2406:81
2393:128
2237:82
2216:55
2195:86
2174:76
2126:545
2105:196
2084:642
2057:627
2034:803
2011:773
1985:261
1963:208
1941:160
1919:128
1897:133
1875:211
1583:381
1574:644
1551:322
1531:307
1522:322
1435:73
1415:534
1412:519
1398:707
1395:684
1373:289
1356:247
1339:382
1322:121
1305:569
1297:21
1147:'s
1033:, (
864:'s
742:In
709:USA
685:in
643:CSA
622:USA
469:by
37:on
13083::
12721::
12706:,
7922:.
7784::
7641:.
7604::
7566:.
7508:.
7235:.
7164:.
7158:.
7110:.
7066:.
6982:.
6946:.
6942:.
6859:^
6792:.
6695:.
6691:.
6576:.
6545:^
6523:.
6490:.
6383:.
6379:.
6355:^
6290:^
6274:^
6249:^
6177:.
6173:.
6081:^
6076:).
6050:^
6033:).
6007:^
5968:^
5909:^
5904:).
5878:^
5852:^
5811:.
5807:.
5777:^
5673:,
5595:.
5225:.
5132:.
5006:12
4997:63
4991:25
4973:34
4967:19
4956:12
4948:29
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