Follicular lymphoma

884:, was classified as a distinct form of FL by the World Health Organization in 2016. It is an extremely rare disease that has been recognized as occurring primarily in children and adolescents but also has been reported in 5 adults. PFLT differs from cases of typical follicular lymphoma that involve the testis in that it more often occurs in children and adolescents; involves malignant B-cells that do have the t(14:18)q32:q21) translocation; and presents with disease that is strictly limited to the testis. While similar to pediatric-type follicular lymphoma in not involving cells that bear the t(14:18)q32:q21) translocation, PFLT differs from the former disease in that it is limited to the testis and involves malignant cells that do not express Bcl2. PFTL is an extremely indolent disease which is manifested by lesions that exhibit a typical FL histology or, more commonly, a mixed FL-diffuse large cell lymphoma histology. It usually involves a 2–4 centimeter lesion in a single testicle. Patients have been treated with 872:

has an indolent, relapsing and remitting course with a 5-year survival rate of >95%. Patients diagnosed with PTFL have been treated with chemotherapy, surgery, and combinations of these treatments. In general, these patients did well (100% survival with <5% of cases relapsing regardless of treatment modality). More recently, 36 patients have been treated with surgical resection alone followed by observation; all these patients survived with only one having a relapse. Thus, PTFL appears to be a highly indolent type of FL in which multiple studies have reported overall and progression-free survival rates of 100% and >90%, respectively, for >2 years and an estimated probability of 5-year event-free survival rate of ~96%. The therapeutic regimens versus follow-up observations that best treat this disorder in children, adolescents, and adults (adults may require different treatments than children and adolescents) requires further study.

1519:

overall 5 year survival to rates of 73%. The R-CHOP regimen is a good option for treating such cases. However, these regimens need not be started in people with FL who are asymptomatic and have low tumor burdens: the outcomes in such patients show no difference between early versus delayed treatment. Some recent studies found that the use of rituximab in combination with bendamustine (i.e. the RB regimen) provided better results than R-CHOP: progression-free survival times in one study were 69.5 months for RB and 31.2 months for R-CHOP. Similar results were obtained when RB was compared to R-CVP. These studies also found no overall survival time benefit between the RB and R-CHOP regimens. Other recently examined regimens include

1154: 1062: 1664:

Phosphoionsitide 3-kinase inhibitors produced overall response rates of 10–12.5 months in 42–59%; tisagenlecleuce cells produced an overall progression-free response rate of 70% after a follow-up of 28 months; phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors produced overall response rates of ~40% and complete response rates of 1–20%; Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor produced overall and complete response rates of 38% and 18%, respectively; the Bcl inhibitor produce overall and complete response rates of 33% and 14%, respectively; histone deacetylase inhibitors produce overall response rates of 35–71%; and checkpoint inhibitors produce overall response rates of 40–80% and complete response rates of 10–60%.

1506:. While it is too soon to judge the long-term results of the latter regimens, the regimens have shown similar results when analyzed based on poor treatment responses (~10–20% poor responses). Bendamustine with rituximab may be preferable to R-CHOP or R-CVP for treating low-grade (i.e. Grades 1, 2, and possibly 3A) FL; R-CHOP may be preferred in FL that has high-risk characteristics (e.g. high levels of Beta-2 macroglobulin or bone marrow involvement). The combination of lenalidomide with rituximab has shown good potential in treating indolent cases of FL. 32: 949:. A minority of t-FL patients present without a history of FL. These patients generally present with advanced, bulky disease that may be accompanied by extra-nodal lesions and B-symptoms. Typically, all the various forms of t-FL are aggressive, rapidly progressive diseases with overall media survival times in treated patients of ~4.5 years. The transformation of FL to DLBCL is in over 70% of cases associated with the gain of MYC activity by genetic or non-genetic mechanisms. 1567:(i.e. stem cells taken from a donor) stem cell bone marrow transplantation. While studies are inconclusive, autologous stem cell bone marrow transplantation appears to prolong survival in early treatment failure patients who are healthy enough to withstand this therapy. Unfit patients may benefit from initial treatment with obinutuzumab plus bendamustine followed by maintenance treatment with obinutuzumab (if they have not been treated previously with obinutuzumab). 1342:) in cases of localized, early-stage disease may be appropriate choices for some of these early-stage patients. However, the latter approach is recommended for cases of localized disease in which the disease extends beyond a single field: 56% of patients treated in this manner had progression-free survival at 10 years while patients treated with other regimens had progression free survivals of 41%. Nonetheless, overall survival did not differ between the two groups. 1510:

maintenance; however, overall survival at 6 years was similar in the two groups, 87.4% and 88.7%, respectively. Another study found that prolonged maintenance with rituximab did not have any benefits over an eight-month maintenance period. Finally, surgery and radiation are additional therapies that can be used to relieve symptoms caused by bulky t-FL disease or to treat lesions in patients who cannot withstand other types of treatment.

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translocation are found in 50–67% of otherwise healthy individuals. The prevalence of this finding increases with age and years of tobacco smoking. Since most individuals with this translocation in their blood cells do not develop ISFL, the t(14:18)(q32:q21) translocation, while prolonging cell survival, must be just one step in the development of ISFN. This translocation is proposed to occur during the early development of immature

1271:<12 gram/deciliter; serum lactose dehydrogenase level above normal; and involvement of >4 lymph nodes. Patients positive for 0–1, 2, or ≥3 of these factors are classified as in low, intermediate, and high risk group, respectively, and after treatment with regimens that include rituximab have 2 year predicted progression free survival rates of 84, 72, and 65%, respectively, and 5-year survivals of 98, 94, and 87%, respectively. 1133:) or histologic findings similar to those found in Burkitt lymphoma, precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, plasmablastic lymphoma, the high grade subtype of B-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma of the B-cell type, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphocytic lymphoma, or histiocytic sarcoma. Other findings indicating the presence of this transformation include rapid growth in size of lymph nodes, recently acquired or new 958: 210:, to survive, to proliferate, and/or to spread to other tissues. In consequence, multiple B-cell clones that exhibit increasing genomic alterations and malignant behaviors populate the disorder. No single genomic alteration seems responsible for the development of each of the spectrum of FL disorders. Rather, interactions between multiple genomic alterations appear to underlie this serial progression. 694:≥10% in the past 6 months. Generally, the disease has an indolent and prolonged course with a median life expectancy of 15–20 years: a large percentage of patients die from other causes than their FL disease. However, each year, including the early years after diagnosis, some 2–3% of FL cases transform to t-FL; Median survival has been ~4.5 years after the onset of this transformation. 674:, or other sites in individuals (median age 65) without a known history of ISFL or abnormal numbers of circulating t(14:18)q32:q21-conatianing lymphocytes. These enlargements may have been present for months to years and during this time waxed and waned in size. Less commonly, FL presents as extra-nodal masses in the skin, thyroid gland, salivary gland, breast, testicles. 1314:

the relapses in these cases are due to undetected disease outside of the radiation field at the time of radiation treatment. The use of PET/CT imaging is strongly recommended to insure that the FL is localized. In any case, the excellent results achieved with radiation therapy strongly support its use in localized disease. The use of an

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of these protein markers or genomic abnormalities are diagnostic for FL, e.g. the t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation is found in 30% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and in a small number of reactive benign lymph nodes. Rather, the diagnosis is made by a combination of histological, immunological, and genomic abnormalities. According to

832:(PTFL) was initially reported to occur in children ages 1–17 years old (median age ~13–14) but more recently has been reported to occur in adults. The disorder was recently defined by the World Health Organization (2016) as a distinct entity that occurs mostly in males and involves swollen lymph nodes in the head (including 678:, liver, and/or lung. Regardless of the type of presentation, FL is usually (~80% of cases) at an advanced stage at diagnosis as indicated by involvement of the bone marrow (50% to 70% of cases), multiple lymph nodes in different parts of the body, and/or other tissues. A minority (<33%) of FL patients present with 840:), neck, or, rarely, axillary, or inguinal areas, or non-lymphoid tissues. Currently, however, patients who had exhibited or are exhibiting involvement of areas or tissues outside of the head, neck, armpit, or groin areas are now regarded as far more likely to have a newly and provisionally defined disease, 1351:

who are asymptomatic. Findings in asymptomatic patients who have been recommended as triggers for starting treatment include one or more of the following: tumor size ≥7 cm in diameter; involvement of ≥3 nodes in 3 distinct areas, each of which is ≥3 cm in diameter; organ compression; presence of

1350:

Patients with asymptomatic but not localized low grade FL, gastrointestinal tract FL, and pediatric-type follicular lymphoma have been served by careful follow-up without therapeutic intervention. Even high grade, aggressive, relapsed, or transformed FL may also be served with observation in patients

888:

followed by various standard anti-lymphoma chemotherapy regimens to attain excellent results, i.e. 100% completed remissions with no recurrence of disease in 15 child and adolescent patients observed for 4–96 months. No cases of primary follicular lymphoma of the testis have been reported to progress

757:

PGTFL is a follicular lymphoma (which as currently defined excludes cases of duodenal-type follicular lymphoma) that has a prominent component of GI tract involvement. The disease may present with signs and symptoms typical of the common type of follicular lymphoma. For example, enlargement of lymph

1550:

Patients who relapse after initial therapy for FL may be followed closely without therapy if asymptomatic. When treatment is required, patients may be treated with the initial treatment regimen when such treatment led to a remission that lasted for at least one year; otherwise an alternative regimen

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cell surface proteins; genomic analyses reveal that these cells contain t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation (85–90% of cases), 1p36 deletions (60–70% of cases), and with far less frequency the other genomic abnormalities listed in the above sections on Pathophysiology and Presentation and course. None

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Early studies on treating t-FL with various purely chemotherapy regimens gave poor results with median overall survival times of 1–2 years. However, the addition of rituximab to the regimens such as CVP and CHOP as part of induction and maintenance therapies (i.e. R-CVP and R-CHOP) greatly improved

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stage I (i.e. disease limited to a single restricted region) or stage II (i.e. disease restricted to two sites that are on the same side of the diaphragm), radiation therapy achieves 10 year overall survival rates of 60–80% and median overall survival times of 19 years. It seems likely that many of

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FL is typically a slowly growing lymphoma with an overall median life expectancy for treated patients of 10–15 years with many cases of it waxing and waning in the size of their lesions and rare cases of it remitting spontaneously. These considerations favor the use of observation over intervention

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gene (10–40% of cases), which regulates activation of the ERK cell signaling pathway. More than 2 dozen other genes have been reported to be mutated in rare cases of PTFL but in general the genetic abnormalities found in this disorder are fewer and less complex than those in other types of FL. PTFL

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mutations which lead to gains in the expression and function, respectively, of their products, the genetic alterations generally lead to a loss in the production or function of the cited genes products. However, the exact roles, if any, of these genomic abnormalities in promoting the progression of

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The prognosis and treatment for the specific presentations of typical FL cases (see above sections for the prognoses and treatment recommendations for primary gastrointestinal tract FL, predominantly diffuse FL with 1p36 deletion, pediatric-type FL, and primary FL of the testis) that are in common

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CT/PET imaging: This method measures total body tumor volume as detected by tissue uptake of radioactive fludeoxyglucose (F). Progression free and overall survival at 5 years for patients with estimated tumor volumes above versus below 510 cubic centimeters are reported to be 32.7 and 84.8% versus

1274:

The FLIP2 index. This modification of FLIP1 uses age ≥60; blood hemoglobin <12 gram/deciliter; serum lactose dehydrogenase level above normal; serum beta-2 microglobulin level above normal; ≥1 lymph node with a diameter >6 centimeters; and bone marrow involvement. The predicted percentage of

731:

involving a wide range of GI tract and non-GI tract tissues. Consequently, the World Health Organization (2017) removed the localized disease from the primary gastrointestinal tract follicular lymphoma category, reclassified it as a distinct disease entity, and termed it duodenal-type follicular

1528:

the combination of rituximab with lenalidomide (no chemotherapy agent) versus various chemotherapy plus immunotherapy (principally rituximab) to achieve similar complete remission and 3 year progression-free survival rates but with rituximab plus lenalidomide causing less toxicity (i.e. severe

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FL is commonly preceded by but uncommonly progresses to ISFL, an asymptomatic disorder that usually is discovered in tissues which are biopsied for other reasons. FL lymphoma may be diagnosed in the uncommon cases in which individuals with ISFL are found to have FL on follow-up examinations.

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Studies indicate that maintenance therapy with rituximab following successful induction therapy prolongs progression-free survival; for example one study found progression-free survival after 6 years of treatment was 59.2% in patients treated with rituximab maintenance and 42.7% without this

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Lugano staging: this method classifies Stage I disease as involving a single lymphatic region or extra-lymphatic site; Stage II disease as involving ≥2 lymphatic sites or 1 lymphatic site plus 1 extralympatic site with all lesions being on the same side of the diaphragm; Stage III disease as

794:

Predominantly diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion is a rare subtype of FL in which involved lymph nodes show infiltrations of centrocytes and centoblasts that generally do not form the nodular, swirling patterns characteristic of most types of FL. In addition, these cells lack the

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B-cells (i.e. pre-B-cells/pro-B-cells) after which these cells circulate freely and in rare cases accumulate and mature to centrocytes and/or centroblasts in the germinal centers of lymphoid follicles to form ISFL. The mechanism favoring this localization and further accumulation is unclear.

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thereby prolonging cell survival. The overexpression of Bcl2 in the B-cells of ISFL is thought to be a critical factor in their pathological accumulation and subsequent malignant progression. Small numbers (e.g. 1 in 100,000) of circulating nucleated blood cells bearing this t(14:18)q32:q21)

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to promote the immune system's ability to suppress cancer cell growth. In preliminary studies on FL patients who were known or thought to be refractor to more conventional therapies these drugs, when combined with more conventional drugs, particularly rituximab, produced promising results.

126:

There are several synonymous and obsolete terms for FL such as CB/CC lymphoma (centroblastic and centrocytic lymphoma), nodular lymphoma, Brill-Symmers Disease, and the subtype designation, follicular large-cell lymphoma. In the US and Europe, this disease is the second most common form of

1541:

Several studies, while not conclusive, suggest that the early treatment of low risk FL reduces the incidence of the disease progressing to t-FL. The treatments used in these studies include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy combinations plus rituximab maintenance therapy.

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examination of the GI tract conducted for other reasons. Less commonly, it presents with vague abdominal symptoms. In one review of former studies, the lesions in 85% of primary duodenal follicular lymphoma were located not only in the duodenum but also other sites in the intestine (i.e.

1251:

The WHO criteria using histological grade (see previous section): Patients with Grades 1, 2, and 3A disease are predicted to have the same low risk prognosis that is seen in cases of typical FL while patients with grade 3B disease are predicted to have the high risk prognosis typical of

749:), with rare cases having lesions in the rectum or cecum PDF is an indolent disease that may spontaneously remit and relapse but only rarely progresses to a more aggressive form. A watch-and-wait strategy has been a generally recommended method for the initial treatment of the disease. 168:

FL typically has a slow disease course which persists essentially unchanged for years. However, each year 2–3% of FL cases progress to a highly aggressive form often termed stage 3B FL, to an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, or to another type of aggressive B-cell cancer. These

1218:

in patients whose particular form of FL has a favorable prognosis or who are intolerant to aggressive treatments. However, most cases of FL have a less favorable prognosis at some stage of their disease and will therefore require intervention. There is little consensus regarding the

1447:. The latter medications have been used in combination or alone to treat symptomatic FL. Most such regimens add rituximab (a monoclonal antibody which binds and thereby kills the CD20 cell surface protein on B cells) with CVP or CHOP regimens (termed R-CVP and R-CHOP regimens). 1286:

Response-based prognosis: FL patients whose disease progresses within 24 months of initiating treatment with chemotherapy and immunotherapy versus patients whose disease does not progress within 24 months are predicted to have 5 year survival rates of 50–74% versus ~90%,

1450:

The R-CHOP regimen appears superior to the R-CVP regimen with, for example, one study finding 8-year progression-free survival rates of 57% versus 46% for the two respective regimens. More recently, FL patients have been treated with other regimens including:

774:(i.e. passage of tarry feces containing blood that has been digested in the stomach or upper intestine). PGTFL is generally treated like cases of common follicular lymphoma: depending on the severity of the disease and its symptoms, patients are treated with 2736:

Tobin JW, Keane C, Gunawardana J, Mollee P, Birch S, Hoang T, Lee J, Li L, Huang L, Murigneux V, Fink JL, Matigian N, Vari F, Francis S, Kridel R, Weigert O, Haebe S, Jurinovic V, Klapper W, Steidl C, Sehn LH, Law S, Wykes MN, and Gandhi MK (December 2019).

269:

Individuals with ISFL progress to FL at a rate of 2–3%/year for at least the first 10 years following diagnosis. This progression likely involves the acquisition of genomic aberrations besides the t(14:18)q32:q21) translocation in the ISFL B-cells. Suspect

758:

nodes in the neck, armpit, groin, femoral canal, and/or other areas, and/or signs and symptoms of GI tract disease due to lesions in the stomach, small intestine, large intestine or rectum may be seen. These signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain,

3320:

Lones MA, Raphael M, McCarthy K, Wotherspoon A, Terrier-Lacombe MJ, Ramsay AD, Maclennan K, Cairo MS, Gerrard M, Michon J, Patte C, Pinkerton R, Sender L, Auperin A, Sposto R, Weston C, Heerema NA, Sanger WG, von Allmen D, Perkins SL (January 2012).

1246:

imaging of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and any areas outside of these regions if physical examination suggests involvement. Some suggested guidelines using these parameters to indicate the prognosis and need for treatment in FL include:

1523:

the use of obinutuzumab instead of rituximab in the R-CHOP and R-CVP regiments to attain progression-free survival rates at 3 years of 80% for the obinutuzumab-chemotherapy regimen versus 73% for the rituximab-chemotherapy regimen and

662:

Similarly, individuals with >1 in 10,000 circulating lymphocytes containing the t(14:18)q32:q21) translocation are at increased but still small risk of developing FL and being diagnosed as having FL on follow up examinations.

1120:

Grades 1 and 2 are regarded as low grade FL; Grade 3A is usually also regarded as low grade FL although some studies have regarded it as high grade FL; and Grade 3B is regarded as a highly aggressive FL in the t-FL category.

815:. In spite of the evidence of bulky and disseminated disease, predominantly diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion appears to be an indolent disorder that may require long-term observation rather than overtreatment. 341:

of a portion of a chromosome along with any of the genes contained therein) that may contribute to FL. In all cases, the number of genetic abnormalities acquired in the B-cells of ISFL are much less than those in FL.

5647: 5632: 1379:(i.e. itching sensation) or other B symptoms; and enlargement (i.e. ≥50% increase in size over a period of at least 6 months) of lymph nodes, spleen, or other follicular lymphoma-infiltrated organs or tissues. 181:) have improved overall survival times. These newer regimens may also delay the transformation of FL to t-FL. Additional advances in understanding FL may lead to further improvements in treating the disease. 1308:

In 10–20% of cases, FL appears limited to single radiation field, does not involve the bone marrow, and is therefore regarded as localized early-stage FL. In these cases, which are sometimes classified as

1124:

In addition to grade 3B disease, histologic examinations may reveal other evidence of t-FL such as histologic findings consistent with FL and diffuse large cell lymphoma in the same tissue (referred to as

981:

abnormalities that are indicative of the disease. FL usually involves enlarged lymph nodes populated by abnormal follicles (see adjacent picture) that when examined histologically contain a mixture of

206:) in the formative B-cell precursors to these disorders. At least some of these alterations appear to cause the over-expression or under-expression of the products of genes that regulate these cells' 135:. FL accounts for 10–20% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with ~15,000 new cases of it being newly diagnosed each year in the US and Europe. Recent studies indicate that FL is similarly prevalent in Japan. 929:. t-FL is almost always diagnosed in patients being followed for FL. These FL patients present with the: fast growth of lymph nodes; formation of extra-nodal lesions in extra-nodal sites such as the 1768: 1054:. However, such classification is optional, due to poor reproducibility and little difference in prognosis and treatment, except that a lymphoma with almost only centroblasts may be diagnosed as a 795:

t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation commonly found in other FL types but, similar to many FL cases, have a deletion in the terminal part of the short (i.e. "p") arm of chromosome 1 that encodes the

847:

The lesions in PTFL consists of infiltrates containing rapidly proliferating centrocytes and centroblasts that lack the t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation but nonetheless often overexpress the

4730: 1726:

Xerri L, Dirnhofer S, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Sander B, Chan JK, Campo E, et al. (February 2016). "The heterogeneity of follicular lymphomas: from early development to transformation".

701:, genetic abnormalities, and course. These subtypes, which are now (i.e. primary gastrointestinal tract FL) or may in the future (pediatric-type FL) be considered distinctive diseases, are: 2801:

Bargetzi M, Baumann R, Cogliatti S, Dietrich PY, Duchosal M, Goede J, Hitz F, Konermann C, Lohri A, Mey U, Novak U, Papachristofilou A, Stenner F, Taverna C, Zander T, Renner C (2018).

1559:), and RB (Bendamustine plus rituximab). Patients who have early treatment failure (e.g. within 1–2 years of initial treatment) or multiple relapses have also been treated with either 3669:

Solal-Céligny P, Bellei M, Marcheselli L, Pesce EA, Pileri S, McLaughlin P, Luminari S, Pro B, Montoto S, Ferreri AJ, Deconinck E, Milpied N, Gordon LI, Federico M (November 2012).

3205:

Koo M, Ohgami RS (May 2017). "Pediatric-type Follicular Lymphoma and Pediatric Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Recent Clinical, Morphologic, Immunophenotypic, and Genetic Insights".

1189:. Mantle cell lymphomas show monotonous, medium-sized lymphocytes, monocytes, and atrophied germinal centers; unlike FL, the malignant lymphocytes in this disease are positive for 997:; the centropblasts are larger B-cell lymphocytes without cleaved nuclei. Rare cases of FL may show lesions that contain tissue infiltrations dominated by B-cells with features of 4474: 897:

FL progresses at a rate of 2–3% per year for at least the first 10 years after diagnosis to a more aggressive form, principally diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (~93% of cases) or

648:

directly support the growth of neoplastic follicular cells. Reduced levels of immune-infiltration has been shown to be strongly associated with early progression of disease.

2585:

Gascoyne RD, Nadel B, Pasqualucci L, Fitzgibbon J, Payton JE, Melnick A, et al. (December 2017). "Follicular lymphoma: State-of-the-art ICML workshop in Lugano 2015".

4853: 719:(PGTFL), i.e. a follicular lymphoma in which GI tract lesions were prominent parts of the disease. However, a subset of PGTFL cases had lesions that were localized to the 2849:

Takata K, Miyata-Takata T, Sato Y, Iwamuro M, Okada H, Tari A, Yoshino T (January 2018). "Gastrointestinal follicular lymphoma: Current knowledge and future challenges".

1256: 1283:

involving ≥2 lymphatic regions that are on opposite sides of the diaphragm; and Stage IV disease as disseminated lesions that are found to be in ≥1 non-lymphatic organs.

138:

FL is a broad and extremely complex clinical entity with a wide range of manifestations which have not yet been fully systematized. It is commonly preceded by a benign

2935:

Lightner AL, Shannon E, Gibbons MM, Russell MM (April 2016). "Primary Gastrointestinal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Small and Large Intestines: a Systematic Review".

4028: 1953:

Yoshino T, Takata K, Tanaka T, Sato Y, Tari A, Okada H (December 2018). "Recent progress in follicular lymphoma in Japan and characteristics of the duodenal type".

1275:

therapy-treated patients with progression free survival at 5 years for individuals positive for 0, 1–2, and ≥3 of these factors are 80, 51, and 19%, respectively.

638:

which normally kill neoplastic cells become dysfunctional in the presence of neoplastic follicular cells that are embedded in this multicellular environment; and

142:

in which abnormal centrocytes and/or centroblasts accumulate in lymphoid tissue. They may then circulate in the blood to cause an asymptomatic condition termed

5662: 4145: 3107:

Moy BT, Wilmot J, Ballesteros E, Forouhar F, Vaziri H (September 2016). "Primary Follicular Lymphoma of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Case Report and Review".

1222:

to be used to define the prognosis and treatment for FL at its presentation or during its course.. Currently used indicators for this include the disease's:

5597: 5577: 5573: 4811: 4735: 4544: 1300:

ISFL is a benign condition that may be reevaluated periodically to detect the rare cases of it which progress to FL; otherwise ISFL is not treated.

4758: 3558: 1197:. Small lymphocytic lymphomas are composed of nodular structures with small- to medium-sized malignant cells surrounding immature lymphocytes and 1161:. Follicular lymphoma proliferate in the germinal center, whereas mantle cell and marginal cell lymphoma generally proliferate within their zones. 727:

usually without involving other parts of the GI tract or tissues outside of the GI tract. This contrasts with the other cases of PGTFL which were

4110: 993:. The centrocytes, which typically outnumber centroblasts, are small to medium-sized B-cell lymphocytes that characteristically exhibit cleaved 4500: 2640: 2568: 2724: 2710: 2696: 2682: 2540: 2483: 2469: 2455: 2441: 3839: 2668: 2654: 2554: 2392: 799:

gene (see pathophysiology section). Predominantly diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion usually presents with bulky enlargements of

1564: 1560: 232:

between position 32 on the long (i.e. "q") arm of chromosome 14 and position 21 on chromosome 18's q arm. This translocation juxtaposes the

4190: 414:

gene (~17% of cases) which regulates cell growth, survival, death, and proliferation, and, in ≤15% of cases several other genes including

5380: 4703: 3573: 149:

of the follicular lymphoma type (i.e. ISFL). A small percentage of these cases progress to FL. Most commonly, however, FL presents as a

4742: 4288: 4167: 4033: 1371:; presence of localized bone lesions; kidney involvement; reduced levels of circulating blood platelets or any of the various types of 2167:

Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, Advani R, Ghielmini M, Salles GA, Zelenetz AD, Jaffe ES (May 2016).

841: 4268: 4066: 221: 4804: 4692: 4366: 3920: 1061: 906: 2073:

Boughan KM, Caimi PF (May 2019). "Follicular Lymphoma: Diagnostic and Prognostic Considerations in Initial Treatment Approach".

4539: 615: 4358: 3909: 2739:"Progression of Disease Within 24 Months in Follicular Lymphoma Is Associated With Reduced Intratumoral Immune Infiltration" 889:

to t-FL. Surgery followed by less strenuous or even no chemotherapy may prove to be the optimal treatment for this disease.

4687: 1773: 1093:

have round nuclei, centrally located nucleoli, bland and dispersed chromatin, and flattening of adjacent nuclear membrane.

5673: 5493: 4643: 4263: 4061: 3945: 1574: 4591: 4302: 2007:

Lynch RC, Gratzinger D, Advani RH (July 2017). "Clinical Impact of the 2016 Update to the WHO Lymphoma Classification".

1616: 173:(t-FL) are essentially incurable. However, recent advancements in the treatment of t-FL (e.g., the addition to standard 119:

or follicle-like structures (see adjacent Figure) in the tissues they invade. These structures are usually the dominant

4797: 4534: 824: 556:(encoding cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B multiple tumor suppressor 2) (inactivation of either CDKN2 gene causes 1177:. The malignant cells in marginal zone B-cell lymphoma may form follicular structures but commonly proliferate in the 5483: 3832: 710: 313: 5066: 4495: 1601: 5465: 5408: 4998: 1593:

signaling pathway that promotes the survival, proliferation, and other potentially malignant behaviors of cells;

1570:

Other mostly experimental treatments currently under study in patients with multiple treatment failures include:

1392: 1153: 1085:

are larger cells containing vesicular nuclei with one to three basophilic nucleoli apposing the nuclear membrane.

3671:"Watchful waiting in low-tumor burden follicular lymphoma in the rituximab era: results of an F2-study database" 3511:"The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms" 5459: 5398: 5336: 4725: 4717: 4576: 4454: 4393: 4379: 4273: 4214: 4051: 3977: 2404:

Karube K, Scarfò L, Campo E, Ghia P (February 2014). "Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis and "in situ" lymphoma".

1686: 1387:

Symptomatic FL requires treatments directed at relieving symptoms by reducing the load of tumor cells. Various

198:

FL to FL and FL to t-FL appear to involve the accumulation of increasing numbers of genomic alterations (i.e.

5735: 4953: 4773: 4683: 4633: 4529: 4258: 4042: 2285:

Link BK (March 2018). "Transformation of follicular lymphoma – Why does it happen and can it be prevented?".

1785: 1635: 1166: 1055: 472:

The transformation of FL to a more aggressive state or other type of aggressive lymphoma is associated with:

132: 2495:

Carbone A, Gloghini A (March 2014). "Emerging issues after the recognition of in situ follicular lymphoma".

1897:

Fischer T, Zing NP, Chiattone CS, Federico M, Luminari S (January 2018). "Transformed follicular lymphoma".

382:(encodes the PR domain zinc finger protein which promotes the maturation and proliferation of B-cells); and 5402: 5394: 5350: 5042: 4982: 4917: 4895: 4665: 4571: 4554: 4362: 3916: 3825: 1243: 1174: 922: 2347:

Sorigue M, Sancho JM (February 2018). "Current prognostic and predictive factors in follicular lymphoma".

5593: 5581: 4961: 4848: 4606: 4479: 4185: 3508: 670:

FL commonly presents as an otherwise asymptomatic enlargement of lymph nodes in the neck, armpit, groin,

1364: 5340: 5038: 5034: 4521: 1673: 611: 143: 5507: 5469: 5268: 5103: 4409: 4250: 4172: 1590: 1551:

is used. The regimens commonly used in relapsed lymphoma include R-CHOP, R-CVP, RFM (i.e. rituximab,

1089: 1047: 574:

gene-activating or -inactivating mutations in, or other causes for the under- or over-expression of,

326: 229: 224:

is an accumulation of monoclonal B cells (i.e. cells descendent from a single ancestral cell) in the

128: 103:. These cells normally occupy the follicles (nodular swirls of various types of lymphocytes) in the 5684: 4957: 4611: 4439: 1789: 567: 358:

1p36 deletions (i.e. deletions in the q arm of chromosome 1 at position 36, ) that lead to lose of

199: 2129:

Oishi N, Montes-Moreno S, Feldman AL (January 2018). "In situ neoplasia in lymph node pathology".

697:

There are less common subtypes of FL that differ not only in their presentation but also in their

368:, blocks cell death due to apoptosis, and regulates lymphocyte-based immune responses through its 5523: 5515: 5501: 5487: 5445: 5366: 5078: 4077: 1605: 288: 1604:(i.e. CAR T cells) (i.e. T cells that have been isolated from patients, engineered to express a 1050:(WHO) criteria, follicular lymphoma can be classified morphologically by the relative amount of 4969: 4820: 4628: 4505: 4484: 4398: 4179: 3509:

Alaggio R, Amador C, Anagnostopoulos I, Attygalle AD, Araujo IBO, Berti E; et al. (2022).

3304:"MAP2K1 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] – Gene – NCBI" 978: 930: 910: 852: 526: 154: 139: 3581: 2981:

Pyeon SI, Song GA, Baek DH, Kim GH, Lee BE, Lee SJ, Yoon JB, Han SY, Park DY (February 2017).

1499: 1436: 1181:

rather than germinal center of lymphoid tissues. These malignant cells often show features of

604: 4637: 4227: 4200: 4121: 4023: 3552: 1471: 1428: 1138: 946: 330: 257: 3817: 5324: 5249: 5188: 4994: 4434: 4046: 3957: 3865: 1649: 1368: 1194: 1170: 1010: 1006: 808: 804: 800: 600: 584: 450: 299: 256:

overexpresses its product, BCL2 apoptosis regulator (i.e. Bcl2). Bcl2 functions to inhibit

587:

that regulates the expression of diverse genes many of which promote cell proliferation).

228:

of lymphoid tissue. These cells commonly bear a pathological genomic abnormality, i.e. a

8: 5651: 5497: 4944: 4234: 3988: 2169:"The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms" 1681: 1412: 1404: 1396: 1219: 926: 865:(10-50% of cases), which contributes to the development and function of B cells, and the 402:(20–30% of cases) as well as other mutations such as those in the histone-modifying gene 364:(encodes tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3 which inhibits the activation of 338: 316:

which may function as a co-stimulatory factor for the activation of lymphoid cells); and

157:

cancer, a cancer in children involving lymphoid tissues of the head and neck area (e.g.,

3651: 1533:). Many of these studies did use rituximab maintenance therapy after induction therapy. 1013:

analyses reveal that these cells generally express B-cell surface markers including the

5667: 5601: 5589: 5585: 5549: 5544: 5479: 5093: 4873: 4698: 3785: 3760: 3736: 3711: 3632: 3535: 3510: 3486: 3461: 3396: 3371: 3347: 3322: 3266: 3241: 3132: 2983:"Primary Follicular Lymphoma in the Rectum Incidentally Found on Screening Colonoscopy" 2960: 2917: 2874: 2763: 2738: 2620: 2520: 2372: 2193: 2168: 2098: 2032: 1978: 1932: 1751: 1264: 1239: 945:(i.e. high serum levels of calcium); and/or sudden rises in serum levels of the enzyme 557: 207: 5656: 1612:

protein on, and thereby kill, T cells, and then infused back into the donor patient);

5563: 5180: 5099: 5054: 5022: 5010: 4778: 4429: 4418: 4208: 4098: 4013: 3790: 3741: 3692: 3624: 3540: 3491: 3442: 3401: 3352: 3271: 3222: 3182: 3124: 3086: 3045: 3004: 2952: 2909: 2878: 2866: 2824: 2768: 2612: 2512: 2421: 2364: 2302: 2254: 2198: 2146: 2102: 2090: 2024: 1970: 1924: 1856: 1743: 1403:. Two commonly used chemotherapeutic regimens are CVP (see Localized FL section) and 1372: 1310: 1260: 1158: 759: 635: 627: 603:

in tissues may enable neoplastic follicular cells to survive, proliferate, and avoid

303:(encodes CREB-binding protein which contributes to the activation of various genes); 55: 43: 4448: 3636: 2964: 2921: 2624: 2524: 2417: 2376: 1982: 1936: 271: 5713: 5558: 5554: 5451: 5328: 5296: 4927: 4548: 4327: 4195: 4094: 3780: 3772: 3731: 3723: 3682: 3616: 3607:

Sorigue M, Sancho JM (May 2019). "Recent landmark studies in follicular lymphoma".

3530: 3522: 3481: 3473: 3432: 3391: 3383: 3342: 3334: 3261: 3253: 3214: 3172: 3136: 3116: 3076: 3035: 2994: 2944: 2901: 2858: 2814: 2758: 2750: 2602: 2594: 2504: 2413: 2356: 2294: 2244: 2188: 2180: 2138: 2082: 2036: 2016: 1962: 1914: 1906: 1846: 1755: 1735: 1598: 1388: 1356: 1327: 1099: 918: 898: 775: 728: 547: 481: 369: 334: 225: 104: 84: 3290:"IRF8 interferon regulatory factor 8 [Homo sapiens (human)] – Gene – NCBI" 5689: 5568: 5157: 4321: 4316: 4125: 4009: 3875: 3870: 3727: 3437: 3420: 3338: 3218: 2892:

Foukas PG, de Leval L (January 2015). "Recent advances in intestinal lymphomas".

2508: 2184: 1114:

Grade 3B: Grade 3 in which the follicles consist almost entirely of centroblasts.

1066: 914: 724: 715:

Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma (DFL) was initially considered to be a type of

511: 329:

which regulates the expression of various genes). ISFL may also acquire numerous

150: 116: 108: 31: 3811: 2142: 1267:) or IV (i.e. disseminated lesions involving one or more non-lymphatic organs); 5242: 5208: 5203: 4878: 4768: 3710:

Ganapathi KA, Pittaluga S, Odejide OO, Freedman AS, Jaffe ES (September 2014).

3620: 3526: 3477: 2298: 1360: 1142: 1077:

are small to medium size with angulated, elongated, cleaved, or twisted nuclei.

998: 789: 698: 619: 3257: 3120: 3081: 3064: 3040: 3023: 2999: 2982: 2948: 2360: 2086: 2020: 1910: 1739: 5729: 5437: 5237: 5198: 5193: 5121: 5107: 5083: 5071: 5059: 5047: 5027: 4932: 4910: 4905: 4883: 4675: 4374: 4283: 4239: 4056: 3930: 3687: 3670: 1660: 1400: 1315: 1202: 1178: 1137:, recent development of FL lesions in non-nodal tissue, rapid rises in serum 1034: 974: 942: 779: 671: 645: 5641: 91:. The cancer originates from the uncontrolled division of specific types of 5232: 5139: 5135: 5015: 5003: 4987: 4975: 4965: 4868: 4789: 4278: 3940: 3794: 3776: 3761:"Systemic Front Line Therapy of Follicular Lymphoma: When, to Whom and How" 3745: 3696: 3628: 3544: 3495: 3446: 3405: 3356: 3275: 3226: 3186: 3128: 3090: 3049: 3008: 2956: 2913: 2870: 2828: 2819: 2802: 2772: 2616: 2516: 2425: 2368: 2306: 2258: 2202: 2150: 2094: 2028: 1974: 1928: 1860: 1747: 1642: 1556: 1503: 1475: 1459: 1440: 1420: 1323: 1186: 1111:

Grade 3A: Grade 3 in which the follicles contain predominantly centrocytes.

1081: 1058:(DLBCL). The optional classification of follicular lymphoma is as follows: 994: 970: 938: 783: 763: 733: 596: 529:, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3, that is involved in activating 174: 120: 47: 1363:

cavities); poor performance status due to the disease; elevated levels of

5254: 5225: 5220: 5117: 3952: 3387: 3303: 3289: 2754: 1919: 1835:"Diagnosis and management of follicular lymphoma: A comprehensive review" 1691: 1656: 1638: 1552: 1530: 1487: 1467: 1432: 1331: 1198: 1051: 986: 885: 812: 691: 687: 642: 262: 112: 100: 3712:"Early lymphoid lesions: conceptual, diagnostic and clinical challenges" 2607: 1725: 5374: 5370: 5176: 4922: 4900: 4890: 3848: 3323:"Primary follicular lymphoma of the testis in children and adolescents" 2249: 2232: 1631:

to block Bcl2's action in promoting B-cell survival and proliferation;

1628: 1586: 1578: 1456: 1444: 1408: 1335: 1268: 1134: 1073: 982: 962: 934: 737: 679: 96: 88: 60: 39: 5624: 2905: 2862: 1966: 1851: 1834: 855:

at 1p36 (20-50% of cases) that results in decreased expression of the

622:

provide growth and survival signals to neoplastic follicular B-cells;

312:(encodes tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14, a member of the 5708: 5215: 5171: 4863: 4858: 3177: 3160: 2598: 1652: 1620: 1582: 1483: 1424: 1416: 1339: 1319: 1201:. The malignant cells in this disease, unlike FL, stain positive for 1190: 1182: 1002: 902: 752: 291: 203: 178: 5331: 5281: 5277: 5149: 4828: 4763: 3852: 3668: 3652:"Follicular Lymphoma: Perspective, Treatment Options, and Strategy" 1376: 837: 720: 581: 540: 501: 404: 64: 2987:

The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe Chi

2584: 489: 365: 42:

of a follicular lymphoma, showing the characteristically abnormal

5384: 5167: 4840: 3758: 3709: 1498:

cell surface proteins on immune cells including B cells), or the

1352: 990: 957: 833: 742: 562: 432: 360: 308: 158: 153:

in the neck, armpits, and/or groin. Less often, it presents as a

5678: 2800: 1482:

rituximab combined with another immunotherapeutic agent such as

5636: 4311: 3319: 3024:"Duodenal-Type Follicular Lymphoma: A Clinicopathologic Review" 2721: 2707: 2693: 2679: 2665: 2651: 2637: 2565: 2551: 2537: 2480: 2466: 2452: 2438: 2389: 867: 859:

gene (see Pathophysiology section) as well as mutations in the

771: 675: 552: 544: 535: 530: 436: 428: 162: 92: 80: 2848: 2230: 969:

The diagnosis of FL depends on examining involved tissues for

880:

Primary follicular lymphoma of the testis (PFLT), also termed

5473: 5412: 5388: 5318: 4134: 3999: 3983: 3847: 3372:"Primary testicular lymphoma: A SEER analysis of 1,169 cases" 3158: 2934: 1038: 767: 746: 717:

primary gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) follicular lymphoma

683: 576: 506: 485: 444: 440: 424: 420: 416: 410: 378: 321: 161:), or one or more masses in non-lymphoid tissues such as the 3106: 1896: 875: 790:

Predominantly diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion

5519: 5511: 5455: 5441: 5416: 5344: 5314: 5304: 4597: 4491: 4475:

Non-mycosis fungoides CD30− cutaneous large T-cell lymphoma

4470: 4388: 4130: 4105: 4085: 4081: 3968: 3886: 3881: 3765:

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases

2803:"Diagnosis and treatment of follicular lymphoma: an update" 2735: 1609: 1495: 1491: 1391:

regimens have been used for this including combinations of

1259:(FLIPI): FLIPI uses the following criteria: age ≥60 years; 1206: 1042: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 923:

chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphcytic lymphoma

861: 521: 455: 284: 279: 244: 234: 3161:"Rare mature B-cell lymphomas in children and adolescents" 1623:, to block the B-cell maturating actions of this kianase; 1234:

predicted indolence and potential for transformation; and

5300: 4337: 4332: 4222: 3814:

entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms

2166: 2128: 1490:(monoclonal antibodies directed respectively against the 560:, i.e. increased frequency of other gene mutations), and 354:

the t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation (85–90% of cases);

294:

of various genes and is found in up to 27% of FL cases);

3759:

Pavanello F, Steffanoni S, Ghielmini M, Zucca E (2016).

1238:

extent of disease as measured by clinical examinations,

3565: 3242:"IRF4 and IRF8: Governing the virtues of B Lymphocytes" 1952: 459:. Except for the t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation and 242:) gene on chromosome 18 at position q21.33 near to the 2403: 2231:

Takata K, Miyata-Takata T, Sato Y, Yoshino T (2014).

2006: 1108:

Grade 3: follicles have >15 centroblasts per hpf.

1105:

Grade 2: follicles have 6 to 15 centroblasts per hpf.

818: 208:

susceptibility to develop further genomic alterations

5614: 2237:

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology

1513: 965:; the bubble-like outgrowths are enlarged follicles. 892: 704: 287:

family protein which is involved in maintaining the

252:) on chromosome 14 at position q32. In consequence, 1466:rituximab combined with the chemotherapeutic agent 1345: 1263:III (i.e. lesions located both above and below the 1005:, or malignant mantle cells such as those found in 4545:Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified 3578:University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey 3466:Best Practice & Research. Clinical Haematology 3062: 2287:Best Practice & Research. Clinical Haematology 1382: 1257:Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index 753:Primary gastrointestinal tract follicular lymphoma 467: 325:(encodes histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2D, a 4367:Precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma 3921:Precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma 3418: 3159:Woessmann W, Quintanilla-Martinez L (June 2019). 3063:Weindorf SC, Smith LB, Owens SR (November 2018). 811:. In rare cases, there may be involvement of the 5727: 2980: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2162: 2160: 1303: 1295: 1173:, and the small lymphocytic lymphoma variant of 656: 4111:Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma 3602: 3600: 3598: 3315: 3313: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3102: 3100: 3069:Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 3028:Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 2844: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2494: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2214: 2212: 2068: 2066: 1892: 1890: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1645:to modify the expression of various genes; and 1545: 1098:Grade 1: follicles have <5 centroblasts per 630:that act to suppress immune responses to them; 510:(encoding the Ig-beta protein component of the 3459: 3419:Cheah CY, Wirth A, Seymour JF (January 2014). 2891: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1948: 1946: 1888: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1707: 500:the overproduction of various cell-activating 213: 5559:46,XX testicular disorders of sex development 4805: 4501:Secondary cutaneous CD30+ large-cell lymphoma 3833: 3606: 2976: 2974: 2928: 2346: 2157: 1455:rituximab combined with the chemotherapeutic 842:large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement 607:. For example, laboratory studies show that: 4819: 4191:Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder 4146:immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders 3752: 3703: 3662: 3595: 3557:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3502: 3412: 3363: 3310: 3233: 3193: 3143: 3097: 3056: 3015: 2885: 2835: 2779: 2729: 2573: 2488: 2397: 2313: 2265: 2209: 2072: 1359:(i.e. build-up of fluid in the abdominal or 901:(~7% of cases) or in rare cases exhibit the 496:changes in the expression of diverse genes; 350:The genomic alterations found in FL include 5381:Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation 4704:Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome 2109: 2043: 1989: 1943: 1867: 1795: 1704: 115:. The cancerous cells in FL typically form 4812: 4798: 4743:Jessner lymphocytic infiltrate of the skin 4289:Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma 4034:Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma 3840: 3826: 2971: 1242:to determine bone marrow involvement, and 1212: 1129:) or in separate tissues (referred to as ( 989:surrounded by non-malignant cells, mostly 651: 386:the same mutations seen in ISFL including 30: 3784: 3735: 3686: 3534: 3485: 3436: 3395: 3346: 3265: 3204: 3176: 3080: 3039: 2998: 2818: 2762: 2606: 2248: 2192: 1918: 1850: 1788:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine 1411:). Newer agents used to treat FL include 1148: 1065:Histologic comparison of cell types in a 876:Primary follicular lymphoma of the testis 803:but may present with enlargements of the 4269:Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma 4067:Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma 3327:Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 3239: 3021: 1563:(i.e. stem cells taken from patient) or 1152: 1060: 956: 766:(i.e. passage of fresh blood usually on 665: 4731:with bandlike and perivascular patterns 4693:Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome 3462:"Transformation of follicular lymphoma" 3460:Lossos, I. S.; Gascoyne, R. D. (2011). 907:precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia 786:, or combinations of these modalities. 476:primarily gene-activating mutations in 5728: 4540:Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma 3065:"Update on Gastrointestinal Lymphomas" 626:neoplastic follicular B-cells recruit 345: 274:include those in the following genes: 189: 4793: 3821: 3571: 3369: 2009:Current Treatment Options in Oncology 4688:X-linked lymphoproliferative disease 2284: 1832: 1575:Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors 778:, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, 590: 5494:Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor 4644:Large granular lymphocytic leukemia 4264:Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma 2937:Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 13: 3649: 3109:Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer 2233:"Pathology of follicular lymphoma" 830:Pediatric-type follicular lymphoma 825:Pediatric-type follicular lymphoma 819:Pediatric-type follicular lymphoma 762:, persistent nausea and vomiting, 184: 46:that gave the condition its name. 14: 5747: 3805: 1617:Bruon's tyrosine kinase inhibitor 1602:chimeric antigen receptor T cells 1407:(i.e. CVP plus the anthracycline 809:cervical (i.e., neck) lymph nodes 801:inguinal (i.e. groin) lymph nodes 711:Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma 705:Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma 605:surveillance by the immune system 314:tumor necrosis factor superfamily 16:Cancer originating in lymph nodes 5067:22q11.2 distal deletion syndrome 2131:Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology 1393:alkylating antineoplastic agents 1346:Asymptomatic follicular lymphoma 961:Follicular lymphoma replacing a 245:immunoglobulin heavy chain locus 171:transformed follicular lymphomas 5466:Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 5409:Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia 5337:Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma 4999:Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome 4496:CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 3643: 3453: 3296: 3282: 2715: 2701: 2687: 2673: 2659: 2645: 2631: 2559: 2545: 2531: 2474: 2460: 2446: 2432: 2418:10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.08.003 2383: 1839:European Journal of Haematology 1786:Large-Cell+Lymphoma,+Follicular 1514:Transformed follicular lymphoma 1383:Symptomatic follicular lymphoma 1322:alone or in combination with a 941:, weight loss); development of 893:Transformed follicular lymphoma 732:lymphoma. DFL is most often an 518:gene-inactivating mutations in 468:Transformed follicular lymphoma 83:that involves certain types of 4726:Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia 4718:Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia 4577:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 4455:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 4394:Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma 4274:Primary cutaneous immunocytoma 4215:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma 3812:Follicular large cell lymphoma 3240:Shukla V, Lu R (August 2014). 3207:Advances in Anatomic Pathology 1779: 1762: 1687:List of hematologic conditions 1636:histone deacetylase inhibitors 999:precursor (i.e. "blast") cells 933:, liver or bone; the onset of 886:removal of the involved testes 882:testicular follicular lymphoma 595:The non-neoplastic immune and 568:tumor necrosis factor receptor 1: 5189:Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) 4954:1q21.1 copy number variations 4774:Lymphoproliferative disorders 4684:Lymphoproliferative disorders 4634:Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma 4506:Lymphomatoid papulosis type A 4485:Lymphomatoid papulosis type B 4399:Lymphomatoid papulosis type A 4259:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 3421:"Primary testicular lymphoma" 3022:Marks E, Shi Y (April 2018). 1697: 1536: 1304:Localized follicular lymphoma 1279:65.1 and 94.7%, respectively. 1195:immunohistochemistry staining 1167:marginal zone B-cell lymphoma 1056:diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 851:gene. These cells may show a 736:disease that is diagnosed on 682:, i.e. recurrent unexplained 285:polycomb repressive complex 2 133:diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 5395:Acute promyelocytic leukemia 5351:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 5043:17q12 microdeletion syndrome 4918:22q11.2 duplication syndrome 4896:16p11.2 duplication syndrome 4666:Acute biphenotypic leukaemia 4555:Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma 3728:10.3324/haematol.2014.107938 3675:Journal of Clinical Oncology 3438:10.1182/blood-2013-10-530659 3339:10.1097/MPH.0b013e31820e4636 3219:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000144 2509:10.3109/10428194.2013.807926 2185:10.1182/blood-2016-01-643569 1774:Dorland's Medical Dictionary 1546:Relapsed follicular lymphoma 1175:chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1143:high levels of serum calcium 1141:levels, and the presence of 952: 913:, the high grade subtype of 616:fibroblastic reticular cells 492:to regulate cell survival); 478:CREEBP, KMT2D, STAT6, CARD11 7: 4962:1q21.1 duplication syndrome 4849:1q21.1 duplication syndrome 4607:Aggressive NK-cell leukemia 4480:Pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma 4186:Lymphomatoid granulomatosis 2143:10.1053/j.semdp.2017.11.001 1667: 1500:immunomodulating medication 1365:serum lactose dehydrogenase 1296:In situ follicular lymphoma 657:In situ follicular lymphoma 580:((encoding the c-Myc proto- 222:In situ follicular lymphoma 194:The serial progressions of 10: 5752: 3621:10.1016/j.blre.2019.03.006 3527:10.1038/s41375-022-01620-2 3478:10.1016/j.beha.2011.02.006 3370:Xu H, Yao F (March 2019). 2406:Seminars in Cancer Biology 2299:10.1016/j.beha.2017.10.005 1090:Follicular dendritic cells 822: 708: 612:follicular dendritic cells 5699: 5618: 5537: 5508:Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma 5430: 5359: 5289: 5276: 5267: 5243:XYYYY syndrome (49,XYYYY) 5209:XXXXY syndrome (49,XXXXY) 5204:XXXYY syndrome (49,XXXYY) 5166: 5148: 5134: 4943: 4836: 4827: 4751: 4716: 4674: 4656: 4620: 4590: 4563: 4518: 4463: 4417: 4408: 4348: 4310: 4301: 4249: 4159: 4120: 4076: 3998: 3967: 3929: 3908: 3897: 3864: 3860: 3258:10.1007/s11515-014-1318-y 3121:10.1007/s12029-016-9847-z 3082:10.5858/arpa.2018-0275-RA 3041:10.5858/arpa.2016-0519-RS 3000:10.4166/kjg.2017.69.2.139 2949:10.1007/s11605-015-3052-4 2361:10.1007/s00277-017-3154-z 2087:10.1007/s11912-019-0808-0 2021:10.1007/s11864-017-0483-z 1911:10.1007/s00277-017-3151-2 1740:10.1007/s00428-015-1864-y 1591:phosphoinositide 3-kinase 1048:World Health Organization 327:histone methyltransferase 54: 38: 29: 24: 4983:Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome 4958:1q21.1 deletion syndrome 4821:Chromosome abnormalities 4759:Hematological malignancy 4612:Blastic NK cell lymphoma 4440:Granulomatous slack skin 4196:Classic Hodgkin lymphoma 4095:Classic Hodgkin lymphoma 3688:10.1200/JCO.2010.33.4474 2075:Current Oncology Reports 1790:Medical Subject Headings 1324:chemotherapeutic regimen 1165:FL may be confused with 770:through the rectum), or 464:ISFL to FL are unclear. 200:chromosome abnormalities 123:feature of this cancer. 5367:Philadelphia chromosome 5238:XYYY syndrome (48,XYYY) 5199:XXXY syndrome (48,XXXY) 5194:XXYY syndrome (48,XXYY) 5079:22q13 deletion syndrome 4854:2q31.1 microduplication 2851:Pathology International 2497:Leukemia & Lymphoma 1955:Pathology International 1375:; onset of significant 1316:immunotherapeutic agent 1261:Ann Arbor disease stage 1213:Treatment and prognosis 723:and other parts of the 652:Presentation and course 408:(20–30% of cases), the 398:(40–65% of cases), and 151:swelling of lymph nodes 129:non-Hodgkin's lymphomas 5226:Pentasomy X (49,XXXXX) 5158:Turner syndrome (45,X) 5039:Smith–Magenis syndrome 5035:Miller–Dieker syndrome 4970:1p36 deletion syndrome 3777:10.4084/MJHID.2016.062 3574:"Follicular Lymphomas" 3165:Hematological Oncology 2820:10.4414/smw.2018.14635 2587:Hematological Oncology 1162: 1157:Histology of a normal 1149:Differential diagnosis 1094: 966: 931:central nervous system 911:plasmablastic lymphoma 853:loss of heterozygosity 805:axillary (i.e. armpit) 566:(encoding one type of 527:cell adhesion molecule 331:copy-number variations 155:gastrointestinal tract 5233:XYY syndrome (47,XYY) 5221:Tetrasomy X (48,XXXX) 5104:Prader–Willi syndrome 4638:Angiocentric lymphoma 4228:AIDS-related lymphoma 4052:Splenic marginal zone 1769:"follicular lymphoma" 1650:Checkpoint inhibitors 1472:Type II topoisomerase 1470:and the inhibitor of 1429:inotuzumab ozogamicin 1413:monoclonal antibodies 1156: 1139:lactate dehydrogenase 1064: 960: 947:lactate dehydrogenase 899:Burkitt-like lymphoma 484:which interacts with 258:programmed cell death 140:precancerous disorder 5736:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 5325:Mantle cell lymphoma 4995:Cri du chat syndrome 4736:with nodular pattern 4435:Pagetoid reticulosis 4047:marginal zone B-cell 3388:10.3892/ol.2019.9953 3246:Frontiers in Biology 2807:Swiss Medical Weekly 2755:10.1200/JCO.18.02365 2349:Annals of Hematology 1899:Annals of Hematology 1833:Dada R (June 2019). 1397:nucleoside analogues 1369:beta-2 microglobulin 1292:use are as follows: 1171:mantle cell lymphoma 1131:discordant lymphomas 1007:mantle cell lymphoma 921:of the B-cell type, 601:extracellular matrix 585:transcription factor 451:beta-2 microglobulin 5311:Follicular lymphoma 4235:Helicobacter pylori 4062:Nodal marginal zone 3989:Hairy cell leukemia 3855:and related disease 1682:Large-cell lymphoma 1677:follicular lymphoma 1127:composite lymphomas 927:histiocytic sarcoma 666:Follicular lymphoma 449:(i.e. the gene for 394:(40–65% of cases), 390:(85–90% of cases), 346:Follicular lymphoma 217:follicular lymphoma 190:Genomic alterations 131:, exceeded only by 73:Follicular lymphoma 25:Follicular lymphoma 5700:External resources 5550:Uniparental disomy 5545:Fragile X syndrome 5480:Myxoid liposarcoma 5332:t(11 CCND1:14 IGH) 5216:Trisomy X (47,XXX) 5094:genomic imprinting 4874:Distal trisomy 10q 4779:Lymphoid leukemias 4699:Leukemoid reaction 4535:Angioimmunoblastic 4201:Burkitt's lymphoma 3171:(Suppl 1): 53–61. 2250:10.3960/jslrt.54.3 1326:such as CVP (i.e. 1265:thoracic diaphragm 1240:bone marrow biopsy 1163: 1095: 967: 628:regulatory T cells 558:genome instability 177:of agents such as 147:lymphoid neoplasia 44:lymphoid follicles 5723: 5722: 5612: 5611: 5564:Marker chromosome 5533: 5532: 5426: 5425: 5263: 5262: 5130: 5129: 5100:Angelman syndrome 5055:DiGeorge syndrome 5023:Jacobsen syndrome 5011:Williams syndrome 4787: 4786: 4712: 4711: 4652: 4651: 4586: 4585: 4514: 4513: 4430:Mycosis fungoides 4297: 4296: 4155: 4154: 4099:Nodular sclerosis 4014:follicular B cell 3075:(11): 1347–1351. 2906:10.1111/his.12596 2863:10.1111/pin.12621 2749:(34): 3300–3309. 1967:10.1111/pin.12733 1852:10.1111/ejh.13271 1373:white blood cells 1159:lymphoid follicle 760:bowel obstruction 729:systemic diseases 636:cytotoxic T-cells 591:Tumor environment 235:B-cell lymphoma 2 85:white blood cells 70: 69: 19:Medical condition 5743: 5616: 5615: 5555:XX male syndrome 5452:Synovial sarcoma 5329:Multiple myeloma 5297:Burkitt lymphoma 5287: 5286: 5274: 5273: 5177:other karyotypes 5146: 5145: 4928:Cat-eye syndrome 4834: 4833: 4814: 4807: 4800: 4791: 4790: 4549:Lennert lymphoma 4415: 4414: 4346: 4345: 4308: 4307: 4173:Primary effusion 3906: 3905: 3895: 3894: 3862: 3861: 3842: 3835: 3828: 3819: 3818: 3799: 3798: 3788: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3739: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3690: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3604: 3593: 3592: 3590: 3589: 3580:. Archived from 3569: 3563: 3562: 3556: 3548: 3538: 3521:(7): 1720–1748. 3506: 3500: 3499: 3489: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3440: 3416: 3410: 3409: 3399: 3382:(3): 3113–3124. 3376:Oncology Letters 3367: 3361: 3360: 3350: 3317: 3308: 3307: 3300: 3294: 3293: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3269: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3202: 3191: 3190: 3180: 3178:10.1002/hon.2585 3156: 3141: 3140: 3104: 3095: 3094: 3084: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3043: 3019: 3013: 3012: 3002: 2978: 2969: 2968: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2846: 2833: 2832: 2822: 2798: 2777: 2776: 2766: 2733: 2727: 2719: 2713: 2705: 2699: 2691: 2685: 2677: 2671: 2663: 2657: 2649: 2643: 2635: 2629: 2628: 2610: 2599:10.1002/hon.2411 2582: 2571: 2563: 2557: 2549: 2543: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2492: 2486: 2478: 2472: 2464: 2458: 2450: 2444: 2436: 2430: 2429: 2401: 2395: 2387: 2381: 2380: 2344: 2311: 2310: 2282: 2263: 2262: 2252: 2228: 2207: 2206: 2196: 2164: 2155: 2154: 2126: 2107: 2106: 2070: 2041: 2040: 2004: 1987: 1986: 1950: 1941: 1940: 1922: 1894: 1865: 1864: 1854: 1830: 1793: 1783: 1777: 1766: 1760: 1759: 1723: 1599:tisagenlecleucel 1589:which block the 1457:alkylating agent 1437:immunomodulators 1389:chemotherapeutic 1357:pleural effusion 1328:cyclophosphamide 1269:blood hemoglobin 1100:high-power field 1069:, H&E stain: 1017:(60% of cases), 919:Hodgkin lymphoma 776:watchful waiting 548:tumor suppressor 482:guanylate kinase 370:ubiquitin ligase 292:repressive state 226:germinal centers 109:lymphoid tissues 105:germinal centers 34: 22: 21: 5751: 5750: 5746: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5741: 5740: 5726: 5725: 5724: 5719: 5718: 5695: 5694: 5627: 5613: 5608: 5569:Ring chromosome 5529: 5422: 5355: 5259: 5175: 5162: 5126: 4939: 4838: 4823: 4818: 4788: 4783: 4747: 4708: 4670: 4658: 4648: 4616: 4595: 4582: 4559: 4520: 4510: 4459: 4404: 4352: 4350: 4325: 4320: 4314: 4293: 4245: 4151: 4128: 4116: 4072: 4010:germinal center 3994: 3963: 3925: 3901: 3899: 3879: 3874: 3868: 3856: 3846: 3808: 3803: 3802: 3771:(1): e2016062. 3757: 3753: 3708: 3704: 3681:(31): 3848–53. 3667: 3663: 3648: 3644: 3605: 3596: 3587: 3585: 3570: 3566: 3550: 3549: 3507: 3503: 3458: 3454: 3417: 3413: 3368: 3364: 3318: 3311: 3302: 3301: 3297: 3288: 3287: 3283: 3238: 3234: 3203: 3194: 3157: 3144: 3105: 3098: 3061: 3057: 3020: 3016: 2979: 2972: 2933: 2929: 2890: 2886: 2847: 2836: 2799: 2780: 2734: 2730: 2720: 2716: 2706: 2702: 2692: 2688: 2678: 2674: 2664: 2660: 2650: 2646: 2636: 2632: 2583: 2574: 2564: 2560: 2550: 2546: 2536: 2532: 2493: 2489: 2479: 2475: 2465: 2461: 2451: 2447: 2437: 2433: 2402: 2398: 2388: 2384: 2345: 2314: 2283: 2266: 2229: 2210: 2179:(20): 2375–90. 2165: 2158: 2127: 2110: 2071: 2044: 2005: 1990: 1961:(12): 665–676. 1951: 1944: 1895: 1868: 1831: 1796: 1784: 1780: 1767: 1763: 1728:Virchows Archiv 1724: 1705: 1700: 1670: 1627:BCL inhibitor 1548: 1539: 1516: 1385: 1348: 1306: 1298: 1215: 1151: 1086: 1078: 1070: 1067:germinal center 955: 915:B-cell lymphoma 895: 878: 827: 821: 792: 755: 725:small intestine 713: 707: 668: 659: 654: 599:as well as the 593: 512:B-cell receptor 470: 348: 289:transcriptional 219: 192: 187: 185:Pathophysiology 20: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5749: 5739: 5738: 5721: 5720: 5717: 5716: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5681: 5670: 5659: 5644: 5628: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5619:Classification 5610: 5609: 5607: 5606: 5605: 5604: 5566: 5561: 5552: 5547: 5541: 5539: 5535: 5534: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5527: 5505: 5491: 5477: 5463: 5449: 5434: 5432: 5428: 5427: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5406: 5392: 5378: 5363: 5361: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5353: 5348: 5334: 5322: 5308: 5293: 5291: 5284: 5271: 5269:Translocations 5265: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5185: 5183: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5160: 5154: 5152: 5143: 5132: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5124: 5114: 5113: 5112: 5111: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5086: 5076: 5075: 5074: 5064: 5063: 5062: 5052: 5051: 5050: 5032: 5031: 5030: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5008: 5007: 5006: 4992: 4991: 4990: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4949: 4947: 4941: 4940: 4938: 4937: 4936: 4935: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4914: 4913: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4887: 4886: 4879:Patau syndrome 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4845: 4843: 4831: 4825: 4824: 4817: 4816: 4809: 4802: 4794: 4785: 4784: 4782: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4769:Leukemia cutis 4766: 4761: 4755: 4753: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4739: 4738: 4733: 4722: 4720: 4714: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4707: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4690: 4680: 4678: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4662: 4660: 4654: 4653: 4650: 4649: 4647: 4646: 4641: 4624: 4622: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4603: 4601: 4588: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4580: 4567: 4565: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4557: 4552: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4526: 4524: 4516: 4515: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4488: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4467: 4465: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4457: 4449:Sézary disease 4443: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4423: 4421: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4402: 4396: 4384: 4383: 4380:Prolymphocytic 4370: 4356: 4354: 4343: 4342: 4341: 4335: 4305: 4299: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4255: 4253: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4243: 4231: 4219: 4218: 4217: 4205: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4176: 4163: 4161: 4157: 4156: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4149: 4140: 4138: 4118: 4117: 4115: 4114: 4102: 4091: 4089: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4070: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4038: 4037: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4005: 4003: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3992: 3980: 3978:Prolymphocytic 3974: 3972: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3961: 3949: 3936: 3934: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3914: 3912: 3903: 3892: 3891: 3890: 3858: 3857: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3830: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3807: 3806:External links 3804: 3801: 3800: 3751: 3722:(9): 1421–32. 3702: 3661: 3642: 3594: 3564: 3501: 3452: 3411: 3362: 3309: 3295: 3281: 3252:(4): 269–282. 3232: 3213:(3): 128–135. 3192: 3142: 3096: 3055: 3034:(4): 542–547. 3014: 2993:(2): 139–142. 2970: 2927: 2894:Histopathology 2884: 2834: 2778: 2728: 2714: 2700: 2686: 2672: 2658: 2644: 2630: 2593:(4): 397–407. 2572: 2558: 2544: 2530: 2487: 2473: 2459: 2445: 2431: 2396: 2382: 2355:(2): 209–227. 2312: 2264: 2208: 2156: 2108: 2042: 1988: 1942: 1866: 1845:(3): 152–163. 1794: 1778: 1761: 1702: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1669: 1666: 1547: 1544: 1538: 1535: 1515: 1512: 1401:anthracyclines 1384: 1381: 1347: 1344: 1305: 1302: 1297: 1294: 1289: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1253: 1214: 1211: 1150: 1147: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1112: 1106: 1103: 1011:Immunochemical 954: 951: 894: 891: 877: 874: 823:Main article: 820: 817: 791: 788: 754: 751: 709:Main article: 706: 703: 699:histopathology 667: 664: 658: 655: 653: 650: 620:T helper cells 592: 589: 525:(encoding the 488:and activates 469: 466: 347: 344: 218: 212: 204:gene mutations 191: 188: 186: 183: 68: 67: 58: 52: 51: 36: 35: 27: 26: 18: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5748: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5715: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5705: 5702: 5698: 5691: 5687: 5686: 5682: 5680: 5676: 5675: 5671: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5660: 5658: 5654: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5629: 5626: 5621: 5617: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5572: 5571: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5540: 5536: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5506: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5478: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5464: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5450: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5438:Ewing sarcoma 5436: 5435: 5433: 5429: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5407: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5393: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5379: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5365: 5364: 5362: 5358: 5352: 5349: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5326: 5323: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5309: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5295: 5294: 5292: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5266: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5247: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5178: 5173: 5169: 5165: 5159: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5123: 5122:Proximal 18q- 5119: 5116: 5115: 5109: 5105: 5101: 5098: 5097: 5096: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5080: 5077: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5061: 5058: 5057: 5056: 5053: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5021: 5017: 5014: 5013: 5012: 5009: 5005: 5002: 5001: 5000: 4996: 4993: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4984: 4981: 4977: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4950: 4948: 4946: 4942: 4934: 4931: 4930: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4912: 4909: 4908: 4907: 4906:Down syndrome 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4885: 4882: 4881: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4837:Duplications, 4835: 4832: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4815: 4810: 4808: 4803: 4801: 4796: 4795: 4792: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4750: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4728: 4727: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4719: 4715: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4677: 4676:Lymphocytosis 4673: 4667: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4655: 4645: 4642: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4630: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4593: 4589: 4578: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4568: 4566: 4562: 4556: 4553: 4550: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4530:Hepatosplenic 4528: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4517: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4490: 4489: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4462: 4456: 4453: 4452: 4451: 4450: 4447: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4425: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4407: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4391: 4390: 4386: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4376: 4375:prolymphocyte 4372: 4371: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4347: 4344: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4330: 4329: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4284:Plasmacytosis 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4248: 4241: 4240:MALT lymphoma 4237: 4236: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4213: 4212: 4211: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4182: 4181: 4177: 4174: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4158: 4148: 4147: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4132: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4112: 4108: 4107: 4103: 4100: 4096: 4093: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4048: 4044: 4043:marginal zone 4040: 4039: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3997: 3990: 3986: 3985: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3966: 3959: 3955: 3954: 3950: 3947: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3928: 3922: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3907: 3904: 3896: 3893: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3883: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3854: 3850: 3843: 3838: 3836: 3831: 3829: 3824: 3823: 3820: 3813: 3810: 3809: 3796: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3755: 3747: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3716:Haematologica 3713: 3706: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3665: 3657: 3653: 3646: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3609:Blood Reviews 3603: 3601: 3599: 3584:on 2016-03-04 3583: 3579: 3575: 3572:Weissmann D. 3568: 3560: 3554: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3505: 3497: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3472:(2): 147–63. 3471: 3467: 3463: 3456: 3448: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3431:(4): 486–93. 3430: 3426: 3422: 3415: 3407: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3366: 3358: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3316: 3314: 3305: 3299: 3291: 3285: 3277: 3273: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3236: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3188: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3115:(3): 255–63. 3114: 3110: 3103: 3101: 3092: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3018: 3010: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2977: 2975: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2943:(4): 827–39. 2942: 2938: 2931: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2900:(1): 112–36. 2899: 2895: 2888: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2830: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2732: 2726: 2723: 2718: 2712: 2709: 2704: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2662: 2656: 2653: 2648: 2642: 2639: 2634: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2570: 2567: 2562: 2556: 2553: 2548: 2542: 2539: 2534: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2503:(3): 482–90. 2502: 2498: 2491: 2485: 2482: 2477: 2471: 2468: 2463: 2457: 2454: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2435: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2400: 2394: 2391: 2386: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2269: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2215: 2213: 2204: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2163: 2161: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2113: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2069: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1949: 1947: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1920:11380/1152780 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1734:(2): 127–39. 1733: 1729: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1703: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1671: 1665: 1662: 1661:pembrolizumab 1658: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1573: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1543: 1534: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1511: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1458: 1454: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1380: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1312: 1301: 1293: 1287:respectively. 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1179:marginal zone 1176: 1172: 1168: 1160: 1155: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1122: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1097: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1084: 1083: 1076: 1075: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 975:immunological 972: 964: 959: 950: 948: 944: 943:hypercalcemia 940: 937:(i.e. fever, 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 890: 887: 883: 873: 870: 869: 864: 863: 858: 854: 850: 845: 843: 839: 835: 831: 826: 816: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 787: 785: 781: 780:immunotherapy 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 750: 748: 744: 739: 735: 730: 726: 722: 718: 712: 702: 700: 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 672:femoral canal 663: 649: 647: 646:stromal cells 644: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 610: 606: 602: 598: 597:stromal cells 588: 586: 583: 579: 578: 573: 569: 565: 564: 559: 555: 554: 550:proteins) or 549: 546: 542: 538: 537: 532: 528: 524: 523: 517: 513: 509: 508: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 465: 462: 458: 457: 452: 448: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 413: 412: 407: 406: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 380: 376:mutations in 375: 371: 367: 363: 362: 357: 353: 343: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 323: 319: 315: 311: 310: 306: 302: 301: 297: 293: 290: 286: 282: 281: 277: 273: 267: 264: 259: 255: 251: 247: 246: 241: 237: 236: 231: 230:translocation 227: 223: 216: 211: 209: 205: 201: 197: 182: 180: 176: 172: 166: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 146: 141: 136: 134: 130: 124: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 66: 62: 59: 57: 53: 49: 48:H&E stain 45: 41: 37: 33: 28: 23: 5707: 5683: 5672: 5661: 5646: 5631: 5310: 5092: 4966:TAR syndrome 4869:Tetrasomy 9p 4627: 4570: 4564:By infection 4445: 4444: 4426: 4387: 4373: 4351:development/ 4279:Plasmacytoma 4233: 4221: 4207: 4178: 4166: 4160:By infection 4143: 4104: 4041: 4018: 4008: 3982: 3951: 3941:naive B cell 3939: 3900:development/ 3768: 3764: 3754: 3719: 3715: 3705: 3678: 3674: 3664: 3655: 3645: 3612: 3608: 3586:. Retrieved 3582:the original 3577: 3567: 3553:cite journal 3518: 3514: 3504: 3469: 3465: 3455: 3428: 3424: 3414: 3379: 3375: 3365: 3333:(1): 68–71. 3330: 3326: 3298: 3284: 3249: 3245: 3235: 3210: 3206: 3168: 3164: 3112: 3108: 3072: 3068: 3058: 3031: 3027: 3017: 2990: 2986: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2897: 2893: 2887: 2854: 2850: 2810: 2806: 2746: 2743:J Clin Oncol 2742: 2731: 2717: 2703: 2689: 2675: 2661: 2647: 2633: 2608:11343/292747 2590: 2586: 2561: 2547: 2533: 2500: 2496: 2490: 2476: 2462: 2448: 2434: 2409: 2405: 2399: 2385: 2352: 2348: 2293:(1): 49–56. 2290: 2286: 2240: 2236: 2176: 2172: 2137:(1): 76–83. 2134: 2130: 2078: 2074: 2012: 2008: 1958: 1954: 1905:(1): 17–29. 1902: 1898: 1842: 1838: 1781: 1772: 1764: 1731: 1727: 1674: 1646: 1643:tazemetostat 1632: 1624: 1613: 1597:infusion of 1594: 1571: 1569: 1557:mitoxantrone 1549: 1540: 1525: 1520: 1517: 1508: 1504:lenalidomide 1479: 1476:mitoxantrone 1463: 1460:bendamustine 1452: 1449: 1441:lenalidomide 1421:obinutuzumab 1386: 1349: 1307: 1299: 1290: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1216: 1199:immunoblasts 1187:plasma cells 1164: 1130: 1126: 1123: 1119: 1088: 1082:Centroblasts 1080: 1072: 1052:centroblasts 971:histological 968: 939:night sweats 896: 881: 879: 866: 860: 856: 848: 846: 829: 828: 796: 793: 784:radiotherapy 764:hematochezia 756: 734:asymptomatic 716: 714: 696: 688:night sweats 686:, recurrent 669: 660: 639: 631: 623: 608: 594: 575: 571: 561: 551: 534: 519: 515: 505: 497: 493: 480:(encoding a 477: 473: 471: 460: 454: 415: 409: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 377: 373: 359: 355: 351: 349: 335:duplications 320: 317: 307: 304: 298: 295: 278: 275: 268: 253: 249: 243: 239: 233: 220: 214: 195: 193: 175:chemotherapy 170: 167: 144: 137: 125: 121:histological 101:centroblasts 76: 72: 71: 5255:46,XX/46,XY 5172:tetrasomies 5118:Distal 18q- 4446:aggressive: 4419:MF+variants 3958:Mantle cell 3953:mantle zone 1692:Tocilizumab 1657:pidilizumab 1639:abexinostat 1553:fludarabine 1531:neutropenia 1488:epratuzumab 1468:fludarabine 1433:epratuzumab 1332:vincristine 1226:histology; 1074:Centrocytes 987:centroblast 983:centrocytes 979:chromosomal 905:resembling 813:bone marrow 692:weight loss 643:bone marrow 372:activity); 263:bone marrow 113:lymph nodes 97:centrocytes 89:lymphocytes 5250:45,X/46,XY 5150:Monosomies 4923:Trisomy 22 4901:Trisomy 18 4891:Trisomy 16 4839:including 4522:peripheral 4019:Follicular 3849:Leukaemias 3650:Lister A. 3588:2008-07-26 2857:(1): 1–6. 2813:: w14635. 2722:EntrezGene 2708:EntrezGene 2694:EntrezGene 2680:EntrezGene 2666:EntrezGene 2652:EntrezGene 2638:EntrezGene 2566:EntrezGene 2552:EntrezGene 2538:EntrezGene 2481:EntrezGene 2467:EntrezGene 2453:EntrezGene 2439:EntrezGene 2390:EntrezGene 2243:(1): 3–9. 1698:References 1629:venetoclax 1587:idelalisib 1579:copanlisib 1565:allogeneic 1561:autologous 1537:Prevention 1445:interferon 1409:adriamycin 1336:prednisone 1220:guidelines 1135:B symptoms 963:lymph node 935:B-symptoms 738:endoscopic 680:B symptoms 539:(encoding 117:follicular 61:Hematology 40:Micrograph 5709:eMedicine 5168:Trisomies 4945:Deletions 4864:Trisomy 9 4859:Trisomy 8 4841:trisomies 4829:Autosomal 4657:Lymphoid+ 4427:indolent: 4410:Cutaneous 4251:Cutaneous 4029:GCB DLBCL 4024:Burkitt's 3853:lymphomas 3615:: 68–80. 2879:206275496 2103:162181232 2081:(7): 63. 2015:(7): 45. 1653:nivolumab 1621:ibrutinib 1583:duvelisib 1484:galiximab 1425:galiximab 1417:rituximab 1399:, and/or 1340:rituximab 1320:rituximab 1311:Ann Arbor 1230:subtype; 1191:Cyclin D1 1183:monocytes 1003:monocytes 953:Diagnosis 903:histology 690:, and/or 520:TNFAIP3, 502:cytokines 339:deletions 283:(encodes 272:mutations 179:rituximab 95:known as 87:known as 56:Specialty 5730:Category 5714:med/1362 5290:Lymphoid 5282:lymphoma 5278:Leukemia 4764:leukemia 4322:leukemia 4317:lymphoma 3876:leukemia 3871:lymphoma 3795:27872742 3746:25176983 3697:23008294 3656:MedScape 3637:89617933 3629:30928169 3545:35732829 3515:Leukemia 3496:21658615 3447:24282217 3406:30867741 3357:22215099 3276:25506356 3227:28277421 3187:31187530 3129:27277664 3091:30407861 3050:29565210 3009:28239083 2965:21756793 2957:26676930 2922:20669863 2914:25639480 2871:29292593 2829:30044476 2773:31461379 2625:23980925 2617:28378425 2525:39451928 2517:23713483 2426:23999128 2412:: 3–14. 2377:27602442 2369:29032510 2307:29452666 2259:24942941 2203:26980727 2151:29129357 2095:31119485 2029:28670664 1983:53871784 1975:30456840 1937:11524500 1929:29043381 1861:31270855 1748:26481245 1668:See also 1608:for the 1606:receptor 1577:such as 1439:such as 1415:such as 1377:pruritus 1318:such as 1033:but not 857:TNFRSF14 838:adenoids 797:TNFRSF14 721:duodenum 582:oncogene 541:p16INK4a 405:HIST1H1E 111:such as 65:oncology 5690:D008224 5668:M9690/3 5518:) t (1 5385:RUNX1T1 5360:Myeloid 5181:mosaics 4752:General 4659:myeloid 4621:T or NK 4592:NK cell 3946:CLL/SLL 3786:5111519 3737:4562530 3536:9214472 3487:3112479 3397:6396186 3348:3251817 3267:4261187 3137:1014977 2764:6881104 2194:4874220 2037:4415738 1756:2978889 1675:In situ 1361:pleural 1353:ascites 991:T-cells 834:tonsils 745:and/or 743:jejunum 570:); and 563:TNFRSF4 531:T-cells 453:), and 433:SLC22A2 361:TNFAIP3 309:TNFSF14 215:In situ 196:in situ 159:tonsils 145:in situ 93:B-cells 79:) is a 5679:151430 5470:COL1A1 5142:linked 4596:(most 4572:HTLV-1 4464:Non-MF 4353:marker 4326:(most 4312:T cell 3984:CD11c+ 3902:marker 3880:(most 3866:B cell 3793: 3783: 3744: 3734: 3695: 3635: 3627: 3543: 3533: 3494: 3484: 3445: 3404: 3394: 3355: 3345: 3274: 3264: 3225: 3185: 3135: 3127: 3089: 3048: 3007: 2963: 2955: 2920: 2912: 2877: 2869: 2827: 2771: 2761: 2623: 2615: 2523: 2515: 2424: 2375: 2367: 2305: 2257: 2201: 2191: 2149: 2101: 2093: 2035: 2027: 1981: 1973: 1935: 1927: 1859: 1792:(MeSH) 1754: 1746: 1659:, and 1585:, and 1555:, and 1478:; and 1244:PET/CT 1102:(hpf). 1029:, and 995:nuclei 977:, and 868:MAP2K1 772:melena 684:fevers 676:spleen 618:, and 553:CDKN2B 545:p14arf 536:CDKN2A 437:CARD11 429:ARID1A 392:CREEBP 333:(i.e. 300:CREBBP 163:testes 81:cancer 5663:ICD-O 5657:202.0 5538:Other 5524:FOXO1 5522:; 13 5516:FOXO1 5514:; 13 5500:; 22 5496:t(11 5486:; 16 5484:DDIT3 5482:t(12 5474:PDGFB 5468:t(17 5444:; 22 5440:t(11 5431:Other 5413:RBM15 5397:t(15 5389:RUNX1 5373:; 22 5313:t(14 4519:Other 4389:CD30+ 4135:CD138 4106:CD20+ 4000:CD79a 3633:S2CID 3425:Blood 3133:S2CID 2961:S2CID 2918:S2CID 2875:S2CID 2641:84433 2621:S2CID 2569:64121 2521:S2CID 2373:S2CID 2173:Blood 2099:S2CID 2033:S2CID 1979:S2CID 1933:S2CID 1752:S2CID 1431:, or 1252:t-FL. 1041:, or 1039:CD11c 925:, or 782:plus 768:feces 747:ileum 577:c-MYC 507:CD79B 490:NF-κB 486:BCL10 447:, B2M 445:GNA12 441:FOXO1 425:EP300 421:STAT6 417:MEF2B 411:RRAGC 388:KMT2D 379:PRDM1 366:NF-κB 322:KMT2D 5685:MeSH 5674:OMIM 5652:9-CM 5520:PAX7 5512:PAX3 5510:t(2 5472:;22 5458:;18 5454:t(x 5442:FLI1 5417:MKL1 5415:;22 5411:t(1 5403:RARA 5401:,17 5387:;21 5383:t(8 5369:t(9 5345:NPM1 5339:t(2 5319:BCL2 5317:;18 5303:;14 5299:t(8 4598:CD56 4492:CD30 4471:CD30 4359:TdT+ 4303:T/NK 4168:KSHV 4144:see 4131:CD38 4122:PCDs 4086:CD30 4082:CD15 4057:MALT 3969:CD22 3910:TdT+ 3887:CD20 3882:CD19 3791:PMID 3742:PMID 3693:PMID 3625:PMID 3559:link 3541:PMID 3492:PMID 3443:PMID 3402:PMID 3353:PMID 3272:PMID 3223:PMID 3183:PMID 3125:PMID 3087:PMID 3046:PMID 3005:PMID 2953:PMID 2910:PMID 2867:PMID 2825:PMID 2769:PMID 2725:4609 2711:8764 2697:1030 2683:1029 2613:PMID 2541:7128 2513:PMID 2484:8085 2470:8740 2456:1387 2442:2146 2422:PMID 2365:PMID 2303:PMID 2255:PMID 2199:PMID 2147:PMID 2091:PMID 2025:PMID 1971:PMID 1925:PMID 1857:PMID 1744:PMID 1641:and 1610:CD19 1496:CD22 1492:CD80 1443:and 1435:and 1405:CHOP 1338:and 1255:The 1207:CD23 1205:and 1043:CD23 1031:CD79 1027:CD22 1023:CD19 1019:CD20 1015:CD10 862:IRF8 849:BCL2 836:and 634:the 543:and 522:CD58 504:and 461:EZH2 456:SGK1 400:EZH2 396:BCL2 337:and 280:EZH2 254:BCL2 250:IGH@ 240:BCL2 202:and 99:and 63:and 5648:ICD 5642:C82 5633:ICD 5502:EWS 5498:WT1 5488:FUS 5460:SSX 5456:SYT 5446:EWS 5399:PML 5375:BCR 5371:ABL 5343:;5 5341:ALK 5315:IGH 5305:IGH 5301:MYC 4629:EBV 4494:+: 4473:-: 4363:ALL 4338:CD8 4333:CD4 4328:CD3 4223:HIV 4209:HCV 4180:EBV 4084:+, 3931:CD5 3917:ALL 3781:PMC 3773:doi 3732:PMC 3724:doi 3683:doi 3617:doi 3531:PMC 3523:doi 3482:PMC 3474:doi 3433:doi 3429:123 3392:PMC 3384:doi 3343:PMC 3335:doi 3262:PMC 3254:doi 3215:doi 3173:doi 3117:doi 3077:doi 3073:142 3036:doi 3032:142 2995:doi 2945:doi 2902:doi 2859:doi 2815:doi 2811:148 2759:PMC 2751:doi 2669:965 2655:974 2603:hdl 2595:doi 2555:639 2505:doi 2414:doi 2393:596 2357:doi 2295:doi 2245:doi 2189:PMC 2181:doi 2177:127 2139:doi 2083:doi 2017:doi 1963:doi 1915:hdl 1907:doi 1847:doi 1843:103 1771:at 1736:doi 1732:468 1494:or 1367:or 1355:or 1203:CD5 1193:by 1185:or 1035:CD5 985:or 807:or 533:), 514:); 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