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slab placed at the surface. Slab-on-grade foundations can be reinforced mat slabs, which range from 25 cm to several meters thick, depending on the size of the building, or post-tensioned slabs, which are typically at least 20 cm for houses, and thicker for heavier structures.
746:. Screw pile installations have also extended to residential applications, with many homeowners choosing a screw pile foundation over other options. Some common applications for helical pile foundations include wooden decks, fences, garden houses, pergolas, and carports.
382:
The design and the construction of the foundation is done such that it can sustain as well as transmit the dead and the imposed loads to the soil. This transfer has to be carried out without resulting in any form of settlement that can cause stability issues for the
945:. When considering settlement, total settlement and differential settlement is normally considered. Differential settlement is when one part of a foundation settles more than another part. This can cause problems to the structure which the foundation is supporting.
453:
to build foundations are common in many parts of the world. Dry laid stone foundations may have been painted with mortar after construction. Sometimes the top, visible course of stone is hewn, quarried stones. Besides using mortar, stones can also be put in a
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Based on the soil and area it is recommended to have a deeper foundation so that it can guard any form of damage or distress. These are mainly caused due to the problem of shrinkage and swelling because of temperature
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were used on soft or wet ground even below stone or masonry walls. In marine construction and bridge building a crisscross of timbers or steel beams in concrete is called grillage.
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Differential settlements can be avoided by having a rigid base for the foundation. These issues are more pronounced in areas where the superimposed loads are not uniform in nature.
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which uses a single, generally large-diameter, structural element embedded into the earth to support all the loads (weight, wind, etc.) of a large above-surface structure.
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and may have a drain pipe which helps groundwater drain away. They are suitable for soils with a capacity of more than 10 tonnes/m (2,000 pounds per square foot).
1387:
776:, geo-piers and earth-stabilized columns. The naming conventions for different types of footings vary between different engineers. Historically, piles were
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1221:
1488:
1054:
Edwards, Jay
Dearborn, and Nicolas Verton. A Creole lexicon architecture, landscape, people. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. 92.
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To distribute the weight of the structure over a large area in order to avoid overloading the underlying soil (possibly causing unequal settlement).
1117:
Stones in gabion for foundation, done in Diez Casas Para Diez
Familias (10x10)'s Casa Rosenda; see Design Like You Give a Damn 2 book by Kate Stohr
434:
Perhaps the simplest foundation is the padstone, a single stone which both spreads the weight on the ground and raises the timber off the ground.
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Another common type of shallow foundation is the slab-on-grade foundation where the weight of the structure is transferred to the soil through a
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1088:
Darvill, Timothy. The concise Oxford dictionary of archaeology. 6th ed. [i.e. 2nd ed. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford
University Press, 2008. Padstone.
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went online in 2008 with over 100 turbines, each mounted on a 4.74-meter-diameter monopile footing in ocean depths up to 16 meters of water.
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723:. One common type is the spread footing which consists of strips or pads of concrete (or other materials) which extend below the
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Foundations are designed to have an adequate load capacity depending on the type of subsoil/rock supporting the foundation by a
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1214:
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Nicholson, Peter. Practical
Masonry, Bricklaying and Plastering, Both Plain and Ornamental. Thomas Kelly: London. 1838. 30–31.
86:
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A floating foundation is one that sits on a body of water, rather than dry land. This type of foundation is used for some
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To anchor the structure against natural forces including earthquakes, floods, droughts, frost heaves, tornadoes and wind.
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The location of the foundation chosen must be an area that is not affected or influenced by future works or factors.
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Rubble trench foundations are a shallow trench filled with rubble or stones. These foundations extend below the
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The design and the construction of a well-performing foundation must possess some basic requirements:
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To anchor the structure deeply into the ground, increasing its stability and preventing overloading.
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Another way to install ready-to-build foundations that is more environmentally friendly is to use
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Buildings and structures have a long history of being built with wood in contact with the ground.
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below. There are different types of deep footings including impact driven piles, drilled shafts,
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Inadequate foundations in muddy soils below sea level caused these houses in the
Netherlands to
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Common examples of possible deformations of foundations arising from improper construction.
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Crabtree, Pam J.. Medieval archaeology: an encyclopedia. New York: Garland Pub., 2001. 113.
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Many monopile foundations have been used in recent years for economically constructing
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Horns Rev project, Elsam monopile foundation construction process, accessed 2010-04-12
462:, the gabion would last much less long than when using mortar (due to rusting). Using
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Used to transfer the load of a structure down through the upper weak layer of
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from the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either
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597:. The concrete walls are supported on continuous footings. There is also a
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2016:
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Black Eagle Dam – cross-section of construction plans for 1892 structure
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To prevent lateral movements of the supported structure (in some cases).
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660: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Typical residential poured concrete foundation, except for the lack of
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Foundations provide the structure's stability from the ground:
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which connects it to the ground or more rarely, water (as with
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1001:(3rd ed.), New York: John Wiley & Sons, p. 386,
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and transfer the weight from walls and columns to the soil or
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construction) in the
Beauvais House in Ste Genevieve, Missouri
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1108:. Hanover: University Press of New England, 2001. 10. Print.
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type of wall construction (this example technically called
413:
1072:
Beohar, Rakesh Ranjan. Basic Civil
Engineering. 2005. 90.
569:
Davis House dry-laid stone foundation ruin, Gardiner, NY
487:
205:) in the design of foundation elements of structures.
299:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
458:. One disadvantage is that if using regular steel
987:
422:construction may technically have no foundation.
162:Foundation with pipe fixtures coming through the
3395:
719:, are usually embedded about a meter or so into
601:floor. Note the standing water in the perimeter
466:rebars could reduce this disadvantage somewhat.
193:. Foundation engineering is the application of
2372:
1166:"Lynn & Inner Dowsing Offshore Wind Farms"
2358:
1215:
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289:To provide a level surface for construction.
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885:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
338:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
247:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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2351:
1222:
1208:
1106:A building history of northern New England
408:The Ethnographic Open-Air Museum of Latvia
27:Lowest and supporting layer of a structure
905:Learn how and when to remove this message
676:Learn how and when to remove this message
358:Learn how and when to remove this message
267:Learn how and when to remove this message
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
916:
698:
581:A basic type of rubble trench foundation
414:Earthfast or post in ground construction
401:
369:
157:
138:
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711:Shallow foundation construction example
14:
3409:Foundations (buildings and structures)
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998:Soil mechanics in engineering practice
795:
688:
2346:
1203:
406:The simplest foundation, a padstone.
883:adding citations to reliable sources
850:
658:adding citations to reliable sources
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441:
336:adding citations to reliable sources
303:
245:adding citations to reliable sources
212:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
1139:
824:locations. For example, a single
749:
488:Gallery of shallow foundation types
24:
1136:, 2009-09-09, accessed 2010-04-12.
937:. The primary design concerns are
25:
3425:
1240:Offshore geotechnical engineering
1188:
1146:Constructing a turbine foundation
1127:Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations
834:
438:are a specific type of padstone.
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300:Requirements of a good foundation
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949:soils can also cause problems.
645:needs additional citations for
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52:needs additional citations for
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1039:
1025:(in Italian). Milano: Hoepli.
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620:to be placed on the foundation
13:
1:
1890:Mechanically stabilized earth
1168:. MT Højgaard. Archived from
974:
374:Pouring a concrete foundation
76:"Foundation" engineering
1642:Hydraulic conductivity tests
1021:Ventura, Pierfranco (2019).
995:; Mesri, Gholamreza (1996),
969:Interference of the footings
501:Drawing of Poteaux-en-Terre
429:
7:
2203:Stress distribution in soil
952:
32:Foundation (disambiguation)
10:
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1353:Pore pressure measurement
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1501:Standard penetration test
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764:to the stronger layer of
521:PSM V24 D321 A primitive
470:Rubble-trench foundations
18:Foundation (architecture)
3086:Multi-family residential
1602:California bearing ratio
1400:Rotary-pressure sounding
1231:Geotechnical engineering
843:and floating buildings.
829:off the coast of England
476:Rubble trench foundation
203:geotechnical engineering
2022:Geosynthetic clay liner
1997:Expanded clay aggregate
1617:Proctor compaction test
1558:Crosshole sonic logging
1544:Nuclear densometer test
1301:Geo-electrical sounding
3404:Architectural elements
2285:Earthquake engineering
2096:Lateral earth pressure
1721:Hydraulic conductivity
1572:Wave equation analysis
1551:Exploration geophysics
1443:Deformation monitoring
1412:Rotary weight sounding
926:
790:pre-tensioned concrete
712:
410:
375:
166:
155:
146:of a house versus the
1463:Settlement recordings
1388:Rock control drilling
1289:Cone penetration test
993:Peck, Ralph Brazelton
964:Structural settlement
931:geotechnical engineer
920:
710:
405:
373:
161:
142:
2325:Agricultural science
2027:Cellular confinement
879:improve this section
654:improve this article
545:, a type of padstone
332:improve this section
241:improve this section
173:is the element of a
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
2532: / Guest room
2217:Numerical analysis
2101:Overburden pressure
2091:Pore water pressure
1871:Shoring structures
1746:Reynolds' dilatancy
1647:Water content tests
1632:Triaxial shear test
1592:Soil classification
1565:Pile integrity test
1172:on 20 December 2016
935:structural engineer
818:offshore wind farms
802:Monopile foundation
796:Monopile foundation
786:reinforced concrete
689:Shallow foundations
449:and stones laid in
179:floating structures
144:Shallow foundations
3008:Servants' quarters
2192:Slab stabilisation
2172:Stability analysis
1151:2011-05-21 at the
1132:2010-02-28 at the
1104:Garvin, James L..
927:
713:
695:Shallow foundation
525:in Switzerland on
411:
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169:In engineering, a
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3414:Bridge components
3391:
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2809:Janitorial closet
2543:Bedsit / Miniflat
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2187:Sliding criterion
2149:Response spectrum
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2064:
1895:Pressure grouting
1794:
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1607:Direct shear test
1313:Permeability test
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820:in shallow-water
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442:Stone foundations
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16:(Redirected from
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3121:Studio apartment
2913:Kitchen-related
2589:Conversation pit
2376:and spaces of a
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2199:Bearing capacity
2086:Effective stress
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1977:Land reclamation
1917:Land development
1812:Natural features
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1776:Specific storage
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1597:Atterberg limits
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2785:Electrical room
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1992:Earth structure
1987:Erosion control
1885:Ground freezing
1875:Retaining walls
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1751:Angle of repose
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1537:Visible bedrock
1489:Simple sounding
1477:Shear vane test
1253:instrumentation
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3279:
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3263:
3258:
3253:
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3221:
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3206:
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3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
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3076:
3071:
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3056:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3003:Servants' hall
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2946:
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2898:
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2872:
2867:
2862:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2829:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2792:
2790:Equipment room
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2706:
2704:Secret passage
2701:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
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2613:
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2596:
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2576:
2570:
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2297:
2292:
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2282:
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2272:
2266:
2264:
2262:Related fields
2258:
2257:
2255:
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2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2213:
2212:
2209:
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2196:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2182:Classification
2179:
2174:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2154:Seismic hazard
2151:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2120:
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2111:
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2103:
2098:
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2024:
2019:
2014:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
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1954:
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1934:
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1789:
1788:
1783:
1781:Shear strength
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1756:Friction angle
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1717:
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1677:
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1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1637:Oedometer test
1634:
1629:
1627:Sieve analysis
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
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1516:
1515:
1513:Total sounding
1504:
1503:
1492:
1491:
1480:
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1455:
1439:
1438:
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1234:
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1190:
1189:External links
1187:
1184:
1183:
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1119:
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1038:
1031:
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1007:
989:Terzaghi, Karl
979:
978:
976:
973:
972:
971:
966:
961:
954:
951:
947:Expansive clay
913:
912:
863:
861:
854:
848:
845:
836:
835:Floating\barge
833:
800:Main article:
797:
794:
754:Main article:
751:
748:
693:Main article:
690:
687:
684:
683:
642:
640:
633:
627:
624:
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616:
609:
607:
592:
585:
583:
580:
573:
571:
568:
561:
559:
556:
549:
547:
543:staddle stones
540:
533:
531:
520:
513:
511:
503:post in ground
500:
493:
489:
486:
474:Main article:
471:
468:
443:
440:
436:Staddle stones
431:
428:
424:Timber pilings
420:Post in ground
415:
412:
399:
398:Historic types
396:
395:
394:
391:
387:
384:
366:
365:
316:
314:
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301:
298:
297:
296:
293:
290:
287:
284:
275:
274:
225:
223:
216:
210:
207:
199:rock mechanics
195:soil mechanics
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3426:
3415:
3412:
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3200:
3197:
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3157:
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3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3131:Architectural
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3111:Semi-detached
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3077:
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3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3028:Swimming pool
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2968:Great chamber
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
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2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2880:Wiring closet
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2851:Semi-basement
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
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2807:
2805:
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2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
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2781:
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2726:
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2721:
2719:
2716:
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2702:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
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2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
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2559:
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2541:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:Private rooms
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2485:billiard room
2483:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2452:
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2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:dirty kitchen
2437:
2436:
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2432:
2430:
2427:
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2422:
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2316:
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2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:Geomorphology
2288:
2286:
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2160:
2157:
2155:
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2150:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2134:Consolidation
2132:
2130:
2129:Frost heaving
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
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2077:
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2072:
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2041:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2007:Geosynthetics
2005:
2003:
2002:Crushed stone
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1957:Cut-and-cover
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1729:
1727:
1726:Water content
1724:
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1450:
1446:
1445:
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1437:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:Sample series
1421:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1401:
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1393:
1392:
1389:
1385:
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1281:
1278:
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1263:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1248:Investigation
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1196:
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1135:
1131:
1128:
1123:
1114:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1034:
1032:9788820386443
1028:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1008:0-471-08658-4
1004:
1000:
999:
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990:
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980:
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940:
936:
932:
924:
919:
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906:
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888:
884:
880:
874:
873:
869:
864:This section
862:
858:
853:
852:
844:
842:
832:
830:
827:
823:
819:
816:
811:
809:
803:
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775:
771:
767:
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747:
745:
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737:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
715:Often called
696:
680:
677:
669:
659:
655:
649:
648:
643:This section
641:
637:
632:
631:
619:
613:
608:
604:
600:
599:concrete slab
596:
589:
584:
577:
572:
565:
560:
553:
548:
544:
541:A granary on
537:
532:
528:
524:
517:
512:
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497:
492:
491:
485:
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477:
467:
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409:
404:
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388:
385:
381:
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379:
372:
362:
359:
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341:
337:
333:
327:
326:
322:
317:This section
315:
311:
306:
305:
294:
291:
288:
285:
282:
281:
280:
271:
268:
260:
250:
246:
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231:
226:This section
224:
220:
215:
214:
206:
204:
200:
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184:
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99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3261:Roof lantern
3213:
3013:Smoking room
2983:Long gallery
2963:Drawing room
2949:Conservatory
2856:Storm cellar
2827:Storage room
2823:Utility room
2819:Laundry room
2795:Furnace room
2386:Shared rooms
2310:Biogeography
2305:Hydrogeology
2295:Soil science
2275:Geochemistry
2043:
2034:Infiltration
1962:Cut and fill
1905:Soil nailing
1771:Permeability
1736:Bulk density
1453:Inclinometer
1376:Ram sounding
1261:
1176:15 September
1174:. Retrieved
1170:the original
1160:
1141:
1122:
1113:
1105:
1100:
1084:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1022:
1016:
997:
983:
959:Underpinning
928:
901:
895:January 2024
892:
877:Please help
865:
838:
815:fixed-bottom
812:
805:
759:
741:
733:
716:
714:
672:
666:January 2024
663:
652:Please help
647:verification
644:
626:Modern types
603:French drain
595:anchor bolts
527:wood pilings
479:
445:
433:
417:
377:
354:
348:January 2024
345:
330:Please help
318:
278:
263:
257:January 2024
254:
239:Please help
227:
170:
168:
123:
117:January 2024
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3354:Home repair
3151:Belt course
3059:Hidden room
2988:Lumber room
2904:Antechamber
2895:Great house
2875:Wine cellar
2846:Root cellar
2799:Boiler room
2780:Crawl space
2451:Living room
2444:kitchenette
2429:Home cinema
2414:Family room
2409:Dining room
2399:Common room
2320:Archaeology
2044:Foundations
2017:Geomembrane
1900:Slurry wall
1839:Water table
1803:Interaction
1799:Structures
1786:Sensitivity
1583:Laboratory
774:screw piles
744:screw piles
523:stilt house
3398:Categories
3364:Tree house
3334:Front yard
3266:Sill plate
3214:Foundation
3156:Bressummer
3069:house plan
3038:Undercroft
3023:State room
2973:Great hall
2942:still room
2609:dumbwaiter
2594:Cubby-hole
2424:Great room
2394:Bonus room
2177:Mitigation
2159:Shear wave
2144:Earthquake
2139:Compaction
2124:Permafrost
2115:Phenomena/
2012:Geotextile
1937:Embankment
1927:Excavation
1864:Earthworks
1824:Vegetation
1819:Topography
1741:Thixotropy
1731:Void ratio
1714:Properties
1612:Hydrometer
1357:Piezometer
1277:Core drill
1094:0199534047
1078:8170087937
1023:Fondazioni
975:References
939:settlement
806:A type of
725:frost line
482:frost line
383:structure.
171:foundation
152:skyscraper
87:newspapers
3288:Threshold
3171:Colonnade
3116:Townhouse
3054:Furniture
2958:Courtyard
2860:Safe room
2770:Cloakroom
2738:Technical
2728:Vestibule
2713:Staircase
2652:Inglenook
2625:Fireplace
2584:Breezeway
2456:Gynaeceum
2300:Hydrology
2280:Petrology
2168:analysis
2166:Landslide
2071:Mechanics
1982:Track bed
1967:Fill dirt
1952:Terracing
1525:Trial pit
1340:Statnamic
1325:Load test
866:does not
826:wind farm
605:trenches.
507:pallisade
447:Dry stone
430:Padstones
319:does not
228:does not
175:structure
3329:Driveway
3324:Backyard
3283:Skylight
3246:Plumbing
3241:Ornament
3236:Lighting
3146:Baluster
3134:elements
3106:Detached
3101:Terraced
2953:Orangery
2932:scullery
2909:Ballroom
2885:Workshop
2870:Wardrobe
2858: /
2825: /
2821: /
2797: /
2760:Basement
2692:sleeping
2687:screened
2672:Overhang
2616:Entryway
2604:Elevator
2518:Bathroom
2473:man cave
2330:Agrology
2219:software
2117:problems
1947:Causeway
1922:Landfill
1849:Subgrade
1766:Porosity
1761:Cohesion
1149:Archived
1130:Archived
953:See also
780:, later
770:caissons
736:concrete
717:footings
390:changes.
3317:Related
3293:Transom
3185:Cornice
3175:Portico
3166:Chimney
3161:Ceiling
2993:Parlour
2978:Library
2937:spicery
2927:saucery
2922:buttery
2765:Carport
2747:storage
2742:utility
2723:Veranda
2718:Terrace
2647:Hallway
2579:Balcony
2558:Nursery
2553:Cabinet
2548:Boudoir
2530:Bedroom
2502:Sunroom
2434:Kitchen
2270:Geology
2242:SVSlope
2052:Shallow
1972:Grading
1910:Tieback
1854:Subsoil
1844:Bedrock
1834:Topsoil
1829:Terrain
1622:R-value
1585:testing
1335:Dynamic
1262:in situ
1260:Field (
923:subside
887:removed
872:sources
841:bridges
766:subsoil
762:topsoil
729:bedrock
340:removed
325:sources
249:removed
234:sources
209:Purpose
187:shallow
164:sleeves
101:scholar
3381:
3339:Garden
3308:Window
3251:Quoins
3229:Portal
3180:Column
3096:Duplex
3074:styles
3033:Turret
2865:Studio
2841:Pantry
2814:Larder
2804:Garage
2775:Closet
2709:Stairs
2667:Loggia
2630:hearth
2620:Genkan
2574:Atrium
2567:Spaces
2536:closet
2523:toilet
2492:Shrine
2468:Andron
2419:Garret
2252:Plaxis
2247:UTEXAS
2237:SVFlux
2227:SEEP2D
2079:Forces
1932:Trench
1880:Gabion
1690:Gravel
1330:Static
1092:
1076:
1029:
1005:
847:Design
822:subsea
788:, and
460:rebars
456:gabion
451:mortar
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3298:Vault
3271:Style
3219:Gable
3209:Floor
3189:Eaves
3079:types
3064:House
3047:Other
3018:Solar
2998:Sauna
2897:areas
2836:floor
2755:Attic
2682:Porch
2677:Patio
2657:Lanai
2637:Foyer
2497:Study
2461:harem
2378:house
2374:Rooms
2232:STABL
1705:Loess
1668:Types
782:steel
183:loads
150:of a
108:JSTOR
94:books
3359:Shed
3344:Home
3303:Wall
3276:list
3256:Roof
3224:Gate
3199:Door
3194:Dome
3141:Arch
2745:and
2699:Ramp
2662:Loft
2642:Hall
2599:Deck
2057:Deep
1700:Loam
1695:Peat
1685:Sand
1680:Silt
1675:Clay
1660:Soil
1362:Well
1178:2016
1090:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1027:ISBN
1003:ISBN
941:and
870:any
868:cite
778:wood
721:soil
323:any
321:cite
232:any
230:cite
197:and
191:deep
80:news
3204:Ell
2404:Den
1942:Cut
1251:and
881:by
656:by
334:by
243:by
189:or
63:by
3400::
3187:/
3173:/
2951:/
2834:/
2740:,
2201:*
991:;
792:.
784:,
772:,
731:.
2711:/
2618:/
2366:e
2359:t
2352:v
1805:)
1801:(
1264:)
1223:e
1216:t
1209:v
1180:.
1035:.
925:.
908:)
902:(
897:)
893:(
889:.
875:.
679:)
673:(
668:)
664:(
650:.
529:.
361:)
355:(
350:)
346:(
342:.
328:.
270:)
264:(
259:)
255:(
251:.
237:.
201:(
154:.
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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