183:
An absolute separation into fabless and foundry companies is not necessary. Some companies continue to exist that perform both operations and benefit from the close coupling of their skills. Some companies manufacture some of their own designs and contract out to have others manufactured or designed,
208:
for a MOSIS design into a collection of their own wafers when a processing step was compatible with both operations. The commercial company (serving as foundry) was already running the process, so they were effectively being paid by MOSIS for something they were already doing. A factory with excess
3749:
Stolen design data is also a concern; data is rarely directly copied, because blatant copies are easily identified by distinctive features in the chip, placed there either for this purpose or as a byproduct of the design process. However, the data including any procedure, process system, method of
3742:
The cost to stay on the leading edge has steadily increased with each generation of chips. The financial strain is being felt by both large merchant foundries and their fabless customers. The cost of a new foundry exceeds $ 1 billion. These costs must be passed on to customers. Many merchant
228:
for the foundry and providing inexpensive service to the customer, running a business around MOSIS production was difficult. The merchant foundries sold wafer capacity on a surplus basis, as a secondary business activity. Services to the customers were secondary to the commercial business, with
269:
channel; thus a dedicated foundry will never compete directly with its fabless customers (obviating a common concern of fabless companies). Second, the dedicated foundry can scale production capacity to a customer's needs, offering low-quantity
220:
capacity was a way to maximize the fab's use. Hence, economic factors created a climate where fab operators wanted to sell surplus wafer-manufacturing capacity and designers wanted to purchase manufacturing capacity rather than try to build it.
175:
do not have any semiconductor fabrication capability; and contract production with a merchant foundry manufacturer. The fabless company concentrates on the research and development of an IC-product; the foundry concentrates on manufacturing and
4123:"Press Center – TrendForce Reports Top 10 Ranking of Global Semiconductor Foundries of 2017, TSMC Ranks First with Market Share of 55.9% | TrendForce – Market research, price trend of DRAM, NAND Flash, LEDs, TFT-LCD and green energy, PV"
4098:"Press Center - Global Top 10 Foundries Q4 Revenue Up 7.9%, Annual Total Hits US$ 111.54 Billion in 2023, Says TrendForce | TrendForce - Market research, price trend of DRAM, NAND Flash, LEDs, TFT-LCD and green energy, PV"
282:
systems, whereas many IDM merchants required its customers to use proprietary (non-portable) development tools. The COT advantage gave the customer complete control over the design process, from concept to final design.
117:
uses two methods to avoid these costs: fabless companies avoid costs by not owning such facilities. Merchant foundries, on the other hand, find work from the worldwide pool of fabless companies, through careful
3746:
Chip design companies sometimes avoid other companies' patents simply by purchasing the products from a licensed foundry with broad cross-license agreements with the patent owner.
1598:
1204:
4270:
134:
Companies that both designed and produced the devices were originally responsible for manufacturing microelectronic devices. These manufacturers were involved in both the
308:
is where companies such as Texas
Instruments, IBM, and Samsung join in to provide foundry services as long as there is no conflict of interest between relevant parties.
261:. The distinction of 'dedicated' is in reference to the typical merchant foundry of the era, whose primary business activity was building and selling of its own
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of support. The choice of merchant dictated the design, development flow, and available techniques to the fabless customer. Merchant foundries might require
200:
service. The MOSIS service gave limited production access to designers with limited means, such as students, university researchers, and engineers at small
1879:
1576:
109:
Integrated circuit production facilities are expensive to build and maintain. Unless they can be kept at nearly full use, they will become a drain on the
204:. The designer submitted designs, and these submissions were manufactured with the commercial company's extra capacity. Manufacturers could insert some
3743:
foundries have entered into joint ventures with their competitors in an effort to split research and design expenditures and fab-maintenance expenses.
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265:-products. The dedicated foundry offers several key advantages to its customers: first, it does not sell finished IC-products into the
4436:
4431:
4354:
R. H. Abramson (28 February – 4 March 1994). "When the chickens come home to roost: The licensed foundry defense in patent cases".
4341:
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154:
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the physical product. If the foundry does not have any semiconductor design capability, it is a pure-play semiconductor foundry.
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in the U.S., but deemed too costly to pursue. The separation of design and fabrication became known as the foundry model, with
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S. K. Saha (25–27 June 2012). "The Role of
Semiconductor Foundries in Advanced Integrated Circuit Product Development".
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Under-use of an expensive manufacturing plant could lead to the financial ruin of the owner, so selling surplus
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lines. Finally, the dedicated foundry offers a "COT-flow" (customer owned tooling) based on industry-standard
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2441:
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is a company that does not offer a significant amount of IC products of its own design, but instead operates
63:
4222:
3928:
J.Y.-C. Sun (1998). Burnett, David; Wristers, Dirk; Tsuchiya, Toshiaki (eds.). "Foundry
Technology Trend".
3784:
279:
271:
4298:
3779:
70:
foundries only manufacture devices for other companies, without designing them. Examples of IDMs are
53:
188:
or seek special skills. The foundry model is a business vision that seeks to optimize productivity.
135:
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and non-portable preparation steps. Foundries concerned with protecting what they considered
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operation or concept may be sold to a competitor, who may save months or years of tedious
8:
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Like all industries, the semiconductor industry faces upcoming challenges and obstacles.
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157:, which split its design and fabrication divisions in 1987, a model advocated for by
79:
4223:"United States dollar (USD) and Russian ruble (RUB) Year 2014 Exchange Rate History"
4050:
Servitization, IT-ization and
Innovation Models: Two-stage Industrial Cluster Theory
3914:
209:
capacity during slow periods could also run MOSIS designs to avoid having expensive
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Compound
Semiconductor.net: "Foundry model could be key to InP industry future"
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114:
45:
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224:
Although MOSIS opened the doors to some fabless customers, earning additional
4425:
3896:
242:
4397:"A Security Tagging Scheme for ASIC Designs and Intellectual Property Cores"
4243:
IC Insights: Top 13 Foundries
Account for 91% of Total Foundry Sales in 2013
4023:
Global Taiwan: Building
Competitive Strengths in a New International Economy
62:(IDMs) design and manufacture integrated circuits. Many companies, known as
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In 1987, the world's first dedicated merchant foundry opened its doors:
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Chips and change : how crisis reshapes the semiconductor industry
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might only be willing to release data to designers after an onerous
234:
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4075:"Pure-Play Foundry Market On Pace For Strongest Growth Since 2014"
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56:
operation, each belonging to separate companies or subsidiaries.
4342:
IC Insights, "Worldwide 2006 Top 25 Semiconductor Sales
Leaders"
3585:
As of 2004, the top 10 pure-play semiconductor foundries were:
3089:(1) Merged with CR Logic in 2008, reclassified as an IDM foundry
4019:
2624:
As of 2008, the top 18 pure-play semiconductor foundries were:
138:
of manufacturing processes and the research and development of
99:
4176:"SMIC, Tower, X-Fab are strongest growing pure-play foundries"
4311:
IC Insights, "Leading Pure-Play
Foundry Companies" March 2009
3723:
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2797:
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1898:
1176:
197:
71:
33:
Microelectronics engineering and manufacturing business model
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As of 2016, the top pure-play semiconductor foundries were:
583:
As of 2017, the top pure-play semiconductor foundries were:
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4047:
Hitoshi Hirakawa; Kaushalesh Lal; Shinkai Naoko (2013).
3889:
International Electron Devices Meeting. Technical Digest
3098:
As of 2007, the top 14 semiconductor foundries include:
4287:
dongbuhitek.com: 2010 Foundry Ranking (citing Gartner)
4020:
Suzanne Berger; Richard K. Lester (12 February 2015).
3819:
M. Liu (14 May 2021). "Taiwan and the foundry model".
2144:
As of 2009, the top 17 semiconductor foundries were:
1921:
As of 2010, the top 10 semiconductor foundries were:
1621:
As of 2011, the top 14 semiconductor foundries were:
1254:
As of 2013, the top 13 semiconductor foundries were:
4394:
18:
This article is about the business model for making
196:The very first merchant foundries were part of the
318:As of 2023, the top semiconductor foundries were:
126:, and contracting, keep their plants in full use.
4299:IC Insights, "2009 Major IC Foundries" March 2009
259:Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)
145:The first pure play semiconductor company is the
4423:
286:
4013:
4353:
4040:
3848:International Technology Management Conference
147:Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation
3999:(1st ed.). Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
3800:Semiconductor equipment sales leaders by year
299:focused on producing ICs for other companies.
4255:"Ruselectronics to triple revenues by 2020"
3992:
3927:
3886:
3795:Semiconductor fabless sales leaders by year
113:of the company that owns them. The foundry
3845:
3734:
3932:. Microelectronic Device Technology II.
155:Industrial Technology Research Institute
94:, and examples of fabless companies are
4146:
4424:
4330:IC Insights, "2007 Major IC Foundries"
4173:
3818:
82:, examples of pure play foundries are
3986:
252:
4268:semimd.com: 2011 Major IC Foundries
3993:Brown, Clair; Linden, Greg (2011).
2615:(1) Now acquired by GlobalFoundries
274:services in addition to full-scale
66:, only design devices; merchant or
13:
4149:"X-Fab is Fastest Growing Foundry"
4147:McGrath, Dylan (23 January 2017).
14:
4453:
4410:
4174:Clarke, Peter (16 January 2017).
4095:
4437:Semiconductor device fabrication
297:semiconductor fabrication plants
4432:Foundry semiconductor companies
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4323:
4304:
4292:
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4247:
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3790:Original equipment manufacturer
293:Pure-play semiconductor foundry
173:Fabless semiconductor companies
64:fabless semiconductor companies
60:Integrated device manufacturers
50:semiconductor fabrication plant
4067:
3964:
3921:
3880:
3839:
3812:
3775:Integrated device manufacturer
304:Integrated device manufacturer
44:engineering and manufacturing
1:
4077:. EPS News. 22 September 2020
3806:
1599:Crocus Nano Electronics (CNE)
1205:Crocus Nano Electronics (CNE)
287:Foundry sales leaders by year
22:. For other uses of the term
4198:"RBK Data base of companies"
4026:. Routledge. pp. 142–.
3785:Original design manufacturer
3597:Country/Territory of origin
3504:Country/Territory of origin
3113:Country/Territory of origin
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2636:Country/Territory of origin
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2159:Country/Territory of origin
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1935:Country/Territory of origin
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862:Country/Territory of origin
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597:Country/Territory of origin
332:Country/Territory of origin
7:
4053:. Routledge. pp. 34–.
3757:
306:(IDM) semiconductor foundry
10:
4458:
4395:Carol Marsh and Tom Kean.
4364:10.1109/CMPCON.1994.282907
4356:Proceedings of COMPCON '94
4151:. EE Times. Archived from
3833:10.1038/s41928-021-00576-y
3492:For ranking in worldwide:
129:
17:
3856:10.1109/ITMC.2012.6306393
3780:Semiconductor fabrication
3509:
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54:integrated circuit design
3897:10.1109/iedm.1996.553030
191:
184:in cases where they see
136:research and development
28:foundry (disambiguation)
3735:Financial and IP issues
3580:
1915:
1615:
1248:
577:
312:
167:semiconductor foundries
3507:Revenue (million USD)
801:Hua Hong Semiconductor
469:Hua Hong Semiconductor
213:equipment stand idle.
3770:Contract manufacturer
3765:Fabless manufacturing
2123:Samsung Semiconductor
1708:Samsung Semiconductor
1356:Samsung Semiconductor
690:Samsung Semiconductor
381:Samsung Semiconductor
163:fabless manufacturing
52:, or foundry, and an
4358:. pp. 348–354.
4316:19 July 2011 at the
4273:26 May 2013 at the
3942:1998SPIE.3506...19S
3930:Proceedings of SPIE
3752:reverse engineering
2994:Polar Semiconductor
2906:Tower Semiconductor
2467:Tower Semiconductor
1922:
1622:
1274:Revenue (million $
1255:
849:
584:
491:Tower Semiconductor
319:
20:integrated circuits
4401:Design & Reuse
4155:on 29 January 2017
3891:. pp. 19–24.
3850:. pp. 32–35.
3821:Nature Electronics
3698:Jazz Semiconductor
3510:2006/2005 changes
2928:Jazz Semiconductor
1920:
1880:Win Semiconductors
1620:
1577:Win Semiconductors
1253:
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153:of the government
4373:978-0-8186-5380-3
4060:978-0-415-63945-3
4033:978-1-317-46970-4
3972:"Company Profile"
3950:10.1117/12.323970
3865:978-1-4673-2134-1
3732:
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3116:Revenue (million
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253:Dedicated foundry
80:Texas Instruments
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2987:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2621:
2618:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2092:United States
2090:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1996:United States
1994:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1811:United States
1809:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1696:United States
1694:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1540:United States
1538:
1535:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:Ruselectronics
1397:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:United States
1317:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:Hua Hong Semi
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1066:Ruselectronics
1063:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1000:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
979:
976:
972:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
951:
948:
944:
943:
940:
937:
934:
933:United States
931:
928:
923:
920:
916:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
895:
892:
888:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
871:
870:
863:
860:
857:
854:
844:
841:
838:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
820:
816:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
798:
794:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
775:
771:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
753:
749:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
731:
727:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
709:
705:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
687:
683:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
665:
661:
660:
657:
654:
653:United States
651:
648:
643:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
621:
617:
616:
613:
610:
606:
605:
598:
595:
592:
589:
579:
576:
573:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
554:
550:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
532:
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
510:
506:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
488:
484:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
466:
462:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
444:
440:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
422:
418:
417:
414:
411:
410:United States
408:
405:
400:
396:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
378:
374:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
356:
352:
351:
348:
345:
341:
340:
333:
330:
327:
324:
314:
311:
310:
309:
300:
288:
285:
254:
251:
193:
190:
131:
128:
46:business model
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4454:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4402:
4398:
4391:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4338:
4331:
4326:
4319:
4315:
4312:
4307:
4300:
4295:
4288:
4283:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4264:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4239:
4224:
4218:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4177:
4170:
4154:
4150:
4143:
4128:
4124:
4118:
4103:
4099:
4096:Chung, Eden.
4092:
4076:
4070:
4062:
4056:
4052:
4051:
4043:
4035:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4016:
4008:
4006:9780262516822
4002:
3998:
3997:
3989:
3973:
3967:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3906:0-7803-3393-4
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3883:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3842:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3755:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3496:
3493:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3277:United States
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3252:United States
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3110:Foundry type
3103:
3102:
3099:
3091:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3016:Mosel-Vitelic
3014:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2932:United States
2931:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2617:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2156:Foundry type
2149:
2148:
2145:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1932:Foundry Type
1931:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1759:
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1637:
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1632:Foundry type
1631:
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1467:Huahong Grace
1465:
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1436:
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1299:
1296:
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1291:
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1282:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1268:Foundry Type
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
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1019:
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997:
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985:
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904:
901:
899:
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868:
859:Foundry type
851:
835:
832:
829:
826:
824:
821:
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802:
799:
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724:
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636:
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619:
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594:Foundry type
587:
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547:
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541:
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536:
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329:Foundry type
322:
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301:
298:
294:
291:
290:
284:
281:
277:
273:
268:
264:
260:
250:
248:
247:nondisclosure
244:
243:methodologies
240:
239:trade secrets
236:
232:
227:
222:
219:
214:
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207:
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199:
189:
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57:
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51:
47:
43:
39:
38:foundry model
29:
25:
21:
16:
4400:
4390:
4355:
4349:
4337:
4325:
4306:
4294:
4282:
4263:
4249:
4238:
4226:. Retrieved
4217:
4205:. Retrieved
4201:
4192:
4180:. Retrieved
4169:
4157:. Retrieved
4153:the original
4142:
4130:. Retrieved
4126:
4117:
4105:. Retrieved
4101:
4091:
4079:. Retrieved
4069:
4049:
4042:
4022:
4015:
3995:
3988:
3976:. Retrieved
3966:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3888:
3882:
3847:
3841:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3663:South Korea
3584:
3491:
3097:
3087:
2623:
2613:
2143:
2027:Dongbu HiTek
1861:Hua Hong NEC
1785:Dongbu HiTek
1149:Dongbu HiTek
823:Dongbu HiTek
302:
292:
256:
223:
215:
195:
182:
171:
144:
140:microcircuit
133:
108:
58:
37:
35:
23:
15:
4228:20 February
4207:20 February
3477:South Korea
3377:South Korea
3302:South Korea
2780:South Korea
2599:South Korea
2399:South Korea
2324:South Korea
249:procedure.
235:proprietary
159:Carver Mead
4426:Categories
4182:29 January
4127:TrendForce
4102:TrendForce
3978:6 December
3807:References
3676:Singapore
3636:Singapore
3591:Rank 2004
2070:Pure-play
2050:Pure-play
2031:Pure-play
2012:Pure-play
1993:Pure-play
1974:Pure-play
1955:Pure-play
1903:Pure-play
1884:Pure-play
1865:Pure-play
1849:Singapore
1846:Pure-play
1789:Pure-play
1770:Pure-play
1750:Pure-play
1731:Pure-play
1693:Pure-play
1674:Pure-play
1655:Pure-play
1603:Pure-play
1581:Pure-play
1515:Pure-play
1493:Pure-play
1471:Pure-play
1449:Pure-play
1426:Pure-play
1404:Pure-play
1382:Pure-play
1338:Pure-play
1316:Pure-play
1294:Pure-play
1262:2012 Rank
1259:2013 Rank
1231:Pure-play
1209:Pure-play
1181:Pure-play
1153:Pure-play
1125:Pure-play
1099:Pure-play
1070:Pure-play
1042:Pure-play
1014:Pure-play
986:Pure-play
958:Pure-play
930:Pure-play
902:Pure-play
827:Pure-play
805:Pure-play
783:Pure-play
738:Pure-play
716:Pure-play
672:Pure-play
650:Pure-play
628:Pure-play
562:Pure-play
539:Pure-play
495:Pure-play
473:Pure-play
451:Pure-play
429:Pure-play
407:Pure-play
363:Pure-play
276:production
120:scheduling
4081:6 January
3958:173181521
3936:: 19–24.
3715:Malaysia
3632:Chartered
3470:MagnaChip
3449:Pure-Play
3424:Pure-Play
3402:Singapore
3399:Pure-Play
3349:Pure-Play
3324:Pure-Play
3299:Pure-Play
3225:Singapore
3222:Pure-Play
3218:Chartered
3197:Pure-Play
3172:Pure-Play
3147:Pure-Play
3094:2007–2005
2868:Singapore
2714:Singapore
2710:Chartered
2620:2008–2006
2592:MagnaChip
2571:Pure-play
2524:Singapore
2521:Pure-play
2496:Pure-play
2471:Pure-play
2446:Pure-play
2421:Pure-play
2346:Pure-play
2321:Pure-play
2296:Pure-play
2271:Pure-play
2249:Singapore
2246:Pure-play
2239:Chartered
2218:Pure-play
2193:Pure-play
2140:2009–2007
2104:MagnaChip
2046:TowerJazz
1823:MagnaChip
1746:TowerJazz
1555:MagnaChip
1511:TowerJazz
1422:PowerChip
1038:TowerJazz
1010:PowerChip
843:2016–2014
756:PowerChip
734:TowerJazz
513:PowerChip
241:of their
231:guarantee
68:pure play
4314:Archived
4271:Archived
4107:29 March
3915:40610229
3758:See also
3728:Germany
3711:Silterra
3594:Company
3501:Company
3320:Vanguard
3107:Company
3038:CR Micro
2954:Malaysia
2950:Silterra
2754:Vanguard
2633:Company
2342:Vanguard
2153:Company
2065:Vanguard
1929:Company
1906:Germany
1765:Vanguard
1629:Company
1444:Vanguard
1265:Company
1184:Germany
1094:Vanguard
856:Company
778:Vanguard
591:Company
557:Vanguard
350:Q3 2023
347:Q4 2023
326:Company
202:startups
151:spin-off
142:design.
111:finances
104:Qualcomm
4382:2957002
3938:Bibcode
3874:7329163
3623:Taiwan
3610:Taiwan
3370:Samsung
3352:Germany
3082:19,940
2802:Germany
2574:Germany
2392:Samsung
2073:Taiwan
2053:Israel
1977:Taiwan
1961:13,332
1958:Taiwan
1887:Taiwan
1773:Taiwan
1753:Israel
1677:Taiwan
1661:14,600
1658:Taiwan
1606:Russia
1584:Taiwan
1518:Israel
1452:Taiwan
1429:Taiwan
1407:Russia
1341:Taiwan
1300:19,850
1297:Taiwan
1228:Others
1212:Russia
1102:Taiwan
1073:Russia
1045:Israel
1017:Taiwan
961:Taiwan
914:25,138
911:25,574
908:29,488
905:Taiwan
786:Taiwan
763:Taiwan
741:Israel
675:Taiwan
637:29,437
634:32,040
631:Taiwan
565:Taiwan
535:Nexchip
520:Taiwan
498:Israel
432:Taiwan
372:17,249
369:19,660
366:Taiwan
272:shuttle
229:little
226:revenue
211:capital
178:testing
130:History
124:pricing
76:Samsung
24:foundry
4380:
4370:
4289:(PDF).
4202:rbc.ru
4159:10 May
4132:1 July
4057:
4030:
4003:
3974:. TSMC
3956:
3913:
3903:
3872:
3862:
3689:China
3658:Dongbu
3649:China
3565:Taiwan
3540:Taiwan
3445:HeJian
3327:Taiwan
3295:Dongbu
3234:1,132
3209:1,171
3184:3,259
3175:Taiwan
3159:8,217
3150:Taiwan
3079:20,575
3076:20,980
3059:Others
3020:Taiwan
2910:Israel
2842:HeJian
2776:Dongbu
2758:Taiwan
2745:1,465
2723:1,527
2701:3,670
2692:Taiwan
2679:9,748
2673:10,556
2670:Taiwan
2474:Israel
2442:HeJian
2349:Taiwan
2317:Dongbu
2308:1,550
2258:1,458
2230:3,430
2221:Taiwan
2205:9,813
2202:10,556
2196:Taiwan
2130:Korea
2111:Korea
2067:(VIS)
2034:Korea
2018:1,554
2015:China
1999:3,520
1980:3,824
1868:China
1830:Korea
1792:Korea
1767:(VIS)
1737:1,315
1734:China
1718:1,975
1715:Korea
1699:3,580
1680:3,760
1562:Korea
1496:Korea
1489:Dongbu
1474:China
1446:(VIS)
1432:1,175
1410:1,200
1388:1,973
1385:China
1366:3,950
1363:Korea
1344:3,959
1322:4,261
1242:2,280
1239:2,405
1236:2,251
1156:Korea
1128:China
1096:(VIS)
1048:1,249
1026:1,291
1023:1,268
1020:1,275
998:1,970
995:2,236
992:2,921
989:China
970:4,331
967:4,464
964:4,582
942:4,355
939:5,019
936:5,545
830:Korea
808:China
780:(VIS)
766:1,035
747:1,249
744:1,388
725:2,914
722:3,099
719:China
703:4,284
700:7,398
697:Korea
681:4,587
678:4,898
659:4,999
656:5,407
559:(VIS)
542:China
476:China
460:1,620
457:1,678
454:China
438:1,801
435:1,727
416:1,852
413:1,854
394:3,690
391:3,619
388:Korea
267:supply
206:wafers
102:, and
100:Nvidia
90:, and
78:, and
26:, see
4378:S2CID
3954:S2CID
3911:S2CID
3870:S2CID
3724:X-Fab
3685:HHNEC
3660:/Anam
3574:+13%
3571:3,259
3568:3,670
3549:+19%
3546:8,217
3543:9,748
3524:2005
3521:2006
3518:2005
3515:2006
3498:Rank
3452:China
3427:China
3420:HHNEC
3345:X-Fab
3231:1,527
3228:1,458
3206:1,465
3203:1,550
3200:China
3181:3,670
3178:3,755
3156:9,748
3153:9,813
3134:2005
3131:2006
3128:2007
3125:2007
3104:Rank
3073:Total
3045:China
2998:Japan
2976:China
2888:China
2885:Grace
2846:China
2824:China
2820:HHNEC
2798:X-Fab
2742:1,550
2739:1,354
2736:China
2720:1,458
2717:1,743
2698:3,755
2695:3,400
2676:9,813
2657:2006
2654:2007
2651:2008
2648:2008
2630:Rank
2567:X-Fab
2499:China
2492:HHNEC
2449:China
2424:China
2417:Grace
2305:1,353
2302:1,075
2299:China
2277:1,101
2255:1,743
2252:1,540
2227:3,070
2224:2,815
2199:8,989
2180:2007
2177:2008
2174:2009
2171:2009
2150:Rank
1926:Rank
1899:X-Fab
1626:Rank
1177:X-Fab
886:2014
883:2015
880:2016
877:2015
874:2016
853:Rank
615:2016
612:2017
609:2017
588:Rank
344:2023
323:Rank
218:wafer
198:MOSIS
192:MOSIS
186:value
115:model
72:Intel
40:is a
4368:ISBN
4230:2018
4209:2018
4184:2021
4161:2017
4134:2020
4109:2024
4083:2021
4055:ISBN
4028:ISBN
4001:ISBN
3980:2020
3934:3506
3901:ISBN
3860:ISBN
3672:SSMC
3645:SMIC
3606:TSMC
3581:2004
3536:TSMC
3486:345
3461:250
3436:313
3411:280
3395:SSMC
3361:202
3336:353
3311:347
3286:665
3261:540
3193:SMIC
3143:TSMC
3068:180
3054:114
3029:155
2985:170
2972:ASMC
2963:155
2941:213
2919:187
2897:227
2877:325
2864:SSMC
2855:290
2833:315
2811:290
2789:456
2767:398
2732:SMIC
2666:TSMC
2608:322
2583:410
2558:450
2533:359
2517:SSMC
2508:335
2483:231
2458:330
2433:310
2408:355
2383:570
2358:486
2333:510
2292:SMIC
2189:TSMC
2133:390
2127:IDM
2114:410
2108:IDM
2095:500
2089:IDM
2076:505
2056:509
2037:512
2008:SMIC
1951:TSMC
1916:2010
1909:285
1890:300
1871:335
1852:345
1842:SSMC
1833:350
1827:IDM
1814:445
1808:IDM
1795:500
1776:519
1756:610
1727:SMIC
1712:IDM
1651:TSMC
1616:2011
1587:354
1565:411
1559:IDM
1543:485
1537:IDM
1521:509
1499:570
1477:710
1455:713
1378:SMIC
1360:IDM
1290:TSMC
1249:2013
1193:330
1190:331
1187:510
1165:541
1162:593
1159:672
1137:665
1134:650
1131:712
1111:790
1108:736
1105:800
1082:800
1079:774
1076:971
1054:828
1051:961
982:SMIC
898:TSMC
836:666
833:676
814:721
811:807
792:801
789:817
769:870
760:IDM
712:SMIC
694:IDM
624:TSMC
578:2017
571:333
568:304
548:283
545:308
526:305
523:330
517:IDM
504:358
501:352
482:766
479:657
447:SMIC
385:IDM
359:TSMC
313:2023
149:, a
88:TSMC
36:The
4360:doi
3946:doi
3893:doi
3852:doi
3829:doi
3619:UMC
3561:UMC
3483:342
3480:322
3474:IDM
3458:290
3455:330
3433:315
3430:335
3408:325
3405:350
3380:385
3374:IDM
3358:290
3355:410
3333:398
3330:486
3308:456
3305:510
3283:600
3280:570
3274:IDM
3270:IBM
3258:585
3255:610
3248:IDM
3168:UMC
3118:USD
3065:167
3062:140
3051:143
3041:(1)
3026:105
3023:100
3007:95
3004:105
3001:110
2982:155
2979:149
2960:180
2957:175
2938:182
2935:190
2916:231
2913:252
2894:310
2891:335
2874:350
2871:340
2852:330
2849:345
2830:335
2827:350
2808:410
2805:400
2786:510
2783:490
2764:486
2761:511
2688:UMC
2641:USD
2605:290
2602:220
2596:IDM
2580:368
2577:223
2555:315
2552:250
2549:USA
2546:IDM
2530:340
2527:280
2505:350
2502:290
2480:252
2477:292
2455:345
2452:305
2430:335
2427:310
2405:370
2402:325
2396:IDM
2380:400
2377:335
2374:USA
2371:IDM
2367:IBM
2355:511
2352:382
2330:490
2327:395
2274:USA
2242:(1)
2214:UMC
2164:USD
2119:10
2085:IBM
1970:UMC
1940:USD
1895:14
1876:13
1857:12
1838:11
1819:10
1804:IBM
1670:UMC
1640:USD
1595:14
1592:15
1573:13
1570:14
1551:12
1548:13
1533:IBM
1529:11
1526:12
1504:11
1485:10
1482:10
1334:UMC
1276:USD
1201:13
1198:12
1173:12
1170:11
1145:10
1142:10
954:UMC
867:USD
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668:UMC
602:USD
553:10
425:UMC
337:USD
280:EDA
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2990:16
2968:15
2946:14
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2588:17
2563:16
2538:15
2513:14
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2100:9
2081:8
2061:7
2042:6
2023:5
2004:4
1985:3
1966:2
1947:1
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1781:8
1761:7
1742:6
1723:5
1704:4
1685:3
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1507:7
1463:6
1460:9
1440:9
1437:8
1418:8
1415:7
1396:–
1393:6
1374:5
1371:5
1352:4
1349:4
1330:3
1327:3
1308:2
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1090:8
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1031:6
1006:5
1003:5
978:4
975:4
950:3
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894:1
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752:7
730:6
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686:4
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3291:7
3266:6
3239:5
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2794:7
2772:6
2750:5
2728:4
2706:3
2684:2
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2338:7
2313:6
2288:5
2280:0
2263:4
2235:3
2210:2
2185:1
30:.
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