311:. His parents were very poor but worked hard. They were pious: God's love and doing His will was their single-minded desire, and all they strove for. They had lived together several years without a child. It is said that they earnestly beseeched God, through the intercession of St Francis of Assisi, for a son. They vowed to direct him to God's service, so that in due course he might serve Him and become an instrument to glorify His name. A while later a son was born. The parents saw this as prayer answered and named him after St Francis. Two other children were eventually born to them. When still in the cradle, Francis suffered from a swelling which endangered the sight of one of his eyes. His parents again had recourse to St Francis of Assisi. They made a vow that their son should pass an entire year wearing the "little
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699:"Francis had a favorite trout that he called 'Antonella'. One day, one of the priests, who provided religious services, saw the trout swimming about in his pool. To him it was just a delicious dish, so he caught it and took it home, tossing it into the frying pan. Francis missed 'Antonella' and realized what had happened. He asked one of his followers to go to the priest to get it back. The priest, annoyed by this great concern for a mere fish, threw the cooked trout on the ground, shattering it into several pieces. The
468:
In March 1464 Francis left
Paterno Calabro for Milazzo, on the island of Sicily, to found another monastery. In April of that year the miracle of the Strait of Messina occurred: the religious man, with two of his disciples, wanted to take a boat to cross the strait but the boatman rejected him because he had no money, so he put his cloak on the sea and The three crossed the strait on it. For this reason, Pius XII named him patron of the seafarers of Italy on March 27, 1943.
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they had eaten it, having no other food. He asked what they had done with the fleece and the bones. They told him they had thrown them into the furnace. Francis walked over to the furnace, looked into the fire and called "Martinello, come out!" The lamb jumped out, completely untouched, bleating happily on seeing his master.
656:. In 1515, King Louis XII died without a male heir and the throne went to Francis I, of the royal family's Valois-AngoulĂŞme branch. Louise of Savoy and her spouse, the Count of AngoulĂŞme, who is almost certainly the figure depicted to the left of the bed, decided to name the child Francis in honor of the saint.
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continued praying until, to her great astonishment, the boy's life was restored and
Francis presented him to his mother in perfect health. The young man entered his order and is the celebrated Nicholas Alesso who afterwards followed his uncle into France, and was famous for sanctity and many great actions.
341:
On arriving back home he opted to withdraw, with his parents' consent, to live in solitude about half a mile from the town. To avoid being distracted by visits, he moved shortly thereafter to a more remote retreat in a rock corner on the coast, where he made himself a cave. Here he remained alone for
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was terminally ill, he sent an embassy to
Calabria to beg Francis to visit him. Francis refused, until the pope finally ordered him to go. Embarking at Ostia, he landed in France. Attributed to his intercession as he passed through Provence was the cure of many people sick from the plague afflicting
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carried stones and joined in. People's devotion deepened on hearing of miracles, in answer to prayer, attributed to
Francis' intercession. One example was highlighted when someone, on oath, contributed to the subsequent canonisation process: through Francis' intercession, he was prepared to swear, a
467:
Francis was invited to found new communities in
Calabria. In 1472 he acquired some land for the construction of a monastery in Paterno Cálabro. He then founded the monasteries of Spezzano della Sila (1474), Corigliano Calabro (1476) and Crotona, the latter being in charge of Brother Paolo Rendacio.
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The regard in which
Charles VIII held Francis was shared by Louis XII when he ascended to the throne in 1498. The kings of France all insisted he remain in their country. Francis was, however, now eager to return to Italy. King Louis XII was loathe to lose his counsels and direction. Francis never
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sent an emissary in 1467. This was a priest and jurist, Baltasar de Spigno (known also as
Baldassarre de Gutrossis, or Balthasar de Spino). At first Francis was reproached for undue austerity, its being supposedly rustic and not for the educated or well-bred. However, Baltasar appears to have been
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Francis also raised his pet lamb from the dead after it had been killed and eaten by workmen. Being in need of food, the workmen caught and slaughtered
Francis' pet lamb, Martinello, roasting it in their lime kiln. They were eating when Francis approached them, looking for the lamb. They told him
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sent by
Francis gathered up the broken pieces in his hands and brought them back to Francis. Francis placed the pieces back in the pool and, looking up to Heaven and praying, said: 'Antonella, in the name of Charity, return to life.' The trout immediately became whole and swam joyously around his
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As the life of
Francis personified, humility was to become the most disitinguishing hallmark of the religious brethren. Extraordinary severity characterised the self-denial in the rule of life adopted by Francis and his confrères. In his view, heroic self-mortification was a necessary means to
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After his nephew died, the boy's mother—Francis' own sister—appealed to Francis for comfort, and filled his apartment with lamentations. After the Mass and divine office had been said for the repose of his soul, Francis ordered the corpse to be carried from the church into his cell, where he
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painted a mystic episode that was said to have occurred over a century earlier. It depicts Francis of Paola, who was revered in France because he visited the country in 1482, at the bedside of Louise of Savoy to announce that she will give birth to the next king of France, the future
326:, 42 km from his home. One of the oldest Franciscan buildings in Calabria, the Conventual Complex of the Friars Minor at San Marco Argentano is thought to have been founded around 1284 by Pietro Cathin, a disciple and companion of St Francis of Assisi.
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of 1507 he gathered his community around him and exhorted them especially to have mutual charity amongst themselves. He urged them not to relax the rigour of their life, in particular perpetual abstinence from meat and other animal products. The next day,
319:. The child subsequently recovered. His parents seem to have made every effort to inspire Francis with pious sentiments, and to provide for him a suitable religious education. As a child, Francis duly showed a prefence for abstinence, solitude and prayer.
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recognised the Congregation of Hermits of Saint Francis of Assisi in the Territory of Padua, in which the members chose to live in a permanent Lenten manner. The document granted them the same rights as the mendicant friars and Francis was named their
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At the convent Francis learned to read. It is said that from that time, he abstained from wearing linen or eating meat. Albeit not yet professed in the Order, he was apparently already outdoing the friars themselves in his scrupulously observing the
346:. When he shut himself up in this hermitage, in 1432, Francis was barely age fifteen. He had no bed other than the rock itself, nor any food other than herbs gathered in a nearby wood, or what sometimes arrived with a visit from a friend.
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Francis was twenty when he was joined by two other devoutly inclined persons, who joined him in his holy exercises. To accommodate them Francis caused three cells and a chapel to be built by people of the vicinity. The three sang the
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Francis also preached about conversion. He told a person whose paralyzed hand had been cured, "Go, sweep your house, that is, your conscience, and be a good Christian." He once cured a man with a paralyzed arm with some herbs.
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Catholic religious orders since the days of St Francis of Assisi, more than two centuries earlier. To this, Francis of Paola added a "fourth vow": by the 15th century, there had been a decline in the custom of
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Jordán Fernández, JA. (2013) Los conventos de la Orden de los MĂnimos en la provincia de Sevilla (siglos XVI-XIX) : historia, economĂa y arte. DiputaciĂłn de Sevilla. Servicio de Archivo y Publicaciones.
621:. "Minim" implies living as the smallest or least, or embracing humility, simplicity and frugality. Expressed through avoiding harm to any creature is the call to non-violence and repudiation of cruelty.
49:
390:, Francis built a large monastery and church. This project triggered an outburst of enthusiasm and devotion toward Francis from the people in the countryside around; even members of the local
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In 1470 Baltasar joined the brethren. For them to be officially approved, he approached Archbishop Caracciolo. This request was welcomed, and on 30 November 1470 Caracciolo promulgated
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Oresko R, Gibbs GC, Scott HM. (Eds). (1997) p 137 in: Royal and Republican Sovereignty in Early Modern Europe: Essays in Memory of Ragnhild Hatton. Cambridge University Press.
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was apparently foretold by him, not only to several persons but also on more than one occasion: 1447, 1448 and 1449. On 29 May 1453 the city was conquered under the command of
416:. Reviving this observance, Francis hoped, might follow his imposing on himself and his companions an unbroken, year-round abstinence from meat and other animal products.
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won over; Francis' general approach was accepted within the year. So that they could obtain essentials, and preserve their buildings, papal indulgences were forthcoming.
1227:
672:. He reportedly laid his cloak on the water, tied one end to his staff as a sail, and sailed across the strait with his companions following in the boat. The second of
514:, who changed their name to "Minims". His religious order having been sanctioned, Francis founded several new monasteries in Calabria and Sicily. He also established
768:. They dragged it forth, burned it and scattered the bones, which were recovered by Catholic faithful and distributed as relics to various churches of his order.
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Francis followed a diet not only free from animal flesh, but also from all animal-derived foods, such as eggs and dairy products. Francis has been described as a
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There are several stories about his compassion for animals, and how he gave back life to animals that were killed to be eaten. For example, a biographer writes:
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The Order of Minims does not seem at any time to have been very extensive, but they had houses in many countries. The definitive rule was approved in 1506 by
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of boatmen, mariners, and naval officers. His liturgical feast day is celebrated by the Roman Catholic Church on April 2, the day on which he died. In 1963,
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Francis of Paola called the animals by their names even after their lives had ended. He apparently believed they continued to exist after their deaths.
753:. Although the Minim order lost many of its monasteries in the 18th century during the French Revolution, it continues to exist, primarily in Italy.
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738:. Though his miracles were numerous, he was canonized for his humility and discernment in blending the contemplative life with the active one.
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gave Francis permission to write a rule for his community, and to adopt the title of Hermits of St Francis. This rule was formally approved by
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The community was still composed entirely of laymen, with only a few who could read or write. To inspect the confraternity at Paola,
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pool as if nothing had happened. The friars and the workers who witnessed this miracle were deeply impressed by the miracle."
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spiritual growth. He and his companions were to seek to live unknown and hidden from the world. Freely undertaken were the
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452:. The document empowered them to write a rule for their community and to assume the title of Hermits of San Francisco.
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This rule was formally approved by Pope Alexander VI, who, however, changed its title to Minims, the Order to be the
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382:. Within seventeen years their numbers had grown. By the end of 1454, sanctioned by Pyrrhus (Petrus) Caracciolo,
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According to a famous story, in the year 1464, he was refused passage by a boatman while trying to cross the
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of their movement was also approved. The most noted member of this Order was the illustrious French bishop,
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1300:"St. Francis of Paola Walking on the Waves (from "Legendes" S175/2)", Los Angeles Philharmonic Association
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Charles VIII built a monastery for the Minims near the chateau at Plessis and another at Rome on the
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1045:. Prunés, JM. (2005) San Francisco de Paula, solo y con todos. Centro de Pastoral Liturgico.
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Saints and feast days : lives of the saints : with a calendar and ways to celebrate
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There was only one priest, Balthasar de Spino, doctor of Laws, and who was later appointed
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left France, spending his last three months in complete solitude, preparing for death. On
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https://web.archive.org/web/20190302033416/http://www.ewtn.com/library/MARY/FRAPAULA.HTM
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Butler, A. (1864) "St. Francis Of Paola, Confessor, Founder Of The Order Of Minims" in:
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1271:"Saint Francis of Paola Prophesying the Birth of a Son to Louise of Savoy", Louvre
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In his thirteenth year, Francis was placed in the convent of Franciscan friars at
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Simi & Segreti, St. Francis of Paola, Rockford, IL: Tan Books, 1977, p. 26.
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586:, he again assembled them all, gave them his last instructions and appointed a
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334:. After a year at the convent he went with his parents on a pilgrimage to the
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Francis did not defer to a person's worldly rank or position. He rebuked the
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for persons wishing to follow his rule but not living apart from the world.
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1436 marked the beginning of the religious order Francis was to found: the
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1385:"The Way of the Young Man | Calabria Region Official Tourism website"
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1207:. 3rd Ed. Oxford University Press. and Cohn-Sherbok, L. (1998) p 95 in:
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the region at this time. Francis travelled to the king's residence, the
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The Immaculate Conception with Saint Lawrence and Saint Francis of Paola
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has been devised between San Marco Argentano and Paola. Another one,
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It was believed that Francis had the gift of prophecy. The taking of
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used to be celebrated by a priest coming up from the parish church.
1414: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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1399:"The Hermit's Way | Calabria Region Official Tourism website"
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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993:"Minims, Minims Order of Saint Francis of Paola - Official Site"
1282:"The Vision of Saint Francis of Paola", The J.Paul Getty Museum
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590:. He died at Plessis on 2 April 1507 at the age of ninety-one.
554:), and was with him as he died. He became a tutor of the heir,
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Soul, Self, and Society: The New Morality and the Modern State
676:'s "Legendes" (for solo piano) describes this story in music.
303:. Paola was a small town near the Tyrrhenian Sea, midway from
565:. Francis influenced many in the French church, particularly
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228:
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The Lives or the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints
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https://www.wiki3.es-es.nina.az/San_Francisco_de_Paula.html
558:, who retained him at court and frequently consulted him.
1336:"St Francis of Paola: Turn to the Lord with a pure heart"
1116:(4. ed.). Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press. p. 194.
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From its founding, this order became known for two major
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745:, who also approved a rule for the nuns of the Order. A
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for his ill-doing; as a result he suffered persecution.
1145:, Vol. IV, D. & J. Sadlier & Company. See also
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friar from the town of Paola in Italy who founded the
1229:
Today in History: A Day-by-day Review of World Events
797:
1232:. Thabi Books, 2003. and Rubin EL. (2015) p 251 in:
779:, starts at the Sanctuary of St Francis of Paola in
645:, the last Christian emperor, was killed in battle.
1203:. Anjeli Press. Cross FL. (ed.) (1997) p 1090 in:
1430:. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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893:
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602:St Francis of Paola, Bormes-les-Mimosas, France.
522:, and, following St Francis of Assisi's lead, a
342:about six years, devoting himself to prayer and
268:), but unlike the majority of founders of men's
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876:. Chicago: Loyola University Press. p. 2.
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870:Ohio Sisters of Notre Dame of Chardon (1985).
464:friars, i.e. the "least of all the faithful".
1434:
1205:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
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926:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Francis of Paula"
483:. Francis founded another religious house at
288:Around 1416, Francis was born in the town of
972:Saint of the Day: Lives, Lessons, and Feasts
764:broke open his tomb and found Francis' body
573:along what he thought were Minimist lines.
1504:Founders of Catholic religious communities
1253:"Our Founders", The Hermits of St. Francis
1179:, 1921. CatholicSaints.Info. 23 April 2013
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1083:"The Sanctuary of Saint Francis of Paola"
395:painful lame thigh had instantly healed.
970:Foley, Leonard, "St. Francis of Paola",
950:"Church and Convent of the Friars Minor"
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1175:Monks of Ramsgate. "Francis of Paula".
965:
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252:; 27 March 1416 – 2 April 1507), was a
239:; boatmen, mariners, and naval officers
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734:designated him as the patron saint of
726:him in 1519. He is considered to be a
1459:Colonnade Statue in St Peter's Square
1454:Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica
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1006:
1004:
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495:in 1474. Further foundations were at
491:. There was a third house founded at
1499:16th-century Italian Christian monks
1489:15th-century Italian Christian monks
1448:The Physical Phenomena of Mysticism,
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499:and what was, in those days, called
1443:, Online entry for Francis of Paola
1064:Minims comes from the Italian word
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687:Saint Francis of Paola, in form of
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16:Italian mendicant friar (1416–1507)
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1313:The Church and Kindness to Animals
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380:Hermits of Saint Francis of Assisi
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1424:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
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756:In 1562, a group of Protestant
405:poverty, chastity and obedience
371:every day in the chapel, where
338:at Assisi, and thence to Rome.
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691:, typical honey calabrian cake
358:Francis of Paola, painting by
1:
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1494:16th-century Christian saints
1484:15th-century Christian saints
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272:, Francis of Paola was never
1199:Roberts H. (2004) p 146 in:
548:Château de Plessis-lez-Tours
435:. So as to be recognised by
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7:
1534:People from Paola, Calabria
1236:. Oxford University Press.
1201:Vegetarian Christian Saints
1112:Farmer, David Hugh (1997).
786:
550:(now within the village of
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1420:Father Cuthbert (1913). "
1209:Who's Who in Christianity
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1361:"Saint Francis of Paola"
1359:uCatholic (2020-04-02).
773:The Way of the Young Man
250:Francis the Fire Handler
1524:Medieval Italian saints
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1095:This is now a museum.
1014:"St. Francis of Paola"
901:"St. Francis of Paula"
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191:, and formerly of the
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1427:Catholic Encyclopedia
716:Legacy and veneration
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195:; co-patron saint of
111:Roman Catholic Church
1422:St. Francis of Paola
1316:, 1906, pp. 123–127.
1070:il minimo dei minimi
1018:Catholic News Agency
649:Theodoor van Thulden
407:, traditional among
401:Evangelical counsels
248:, OM (also known as
213:Castelleone di Suasa
58:Hermit of St Francis
783:and ends at Paola.
571:Collège de Montaigu
414:fasting during Lent
324:San Marco Argentano
297:Province of Cosenza
233:La Chorrera, Panama
1446:Herbert Thurston,
1287:2013-06-02 at the
1258:2013-12-09 at the
974:, Franciscan Media
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604:
569:, who founded the
543:Louis XI of France
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344:self-mortification
292:, in the southern
165:Corigliano-Rossano
73:Calabria Citeriore
1310:Burns and Oates,
1242:978-0-19-934865-7
981:978-0-86716-887-7
930:www.newadvent.org
666:Strait of Messina
512:Pope Alexander VI
266:Francis of Assisi
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107:Venerated in
100:Kingdom of France
95:Plessis-lez-Tours
78:Kingdom of Naples
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217:Castrolibero
97:, Touraine,
90:(1507-04-02)
88:2 April 1507
48:
1479:1507 deaths
1474:1416 births
826:Catholicism
747:Third Order
674:Franz Liszt
584:Good Friday
524:third order
336:Portiuncula
317:Middle Ages
260:. Like his
185:Stornarella
43:Francis by
1468:Categories
1370:2020-09-05
1345:2020-09-05
1023:2020-09-05
935:2020-09-05
857:References
721:Pope Leo X
541:When King
497:Corigliano
384:Archbishop
173:Botricello
134:Pope Leo X
1365:uCatholic
814:Biography
766:incorrupt
758:Huguenots
724:canonized
654:Francis I
639:Mehmed II
487:, on the
477:confessor
429:Decet nos
409:mendicant
284:Biography
225:Bisignano
223:, and of
169:Altomonte
151:Patronage
128:Canonized
118:Beatified
1285:Archived
1256:Archived
787:See also
771:A walk,
736:Calabria
689:'Nzuddha
615:charisms
552:La Riche
516:convents
506:In 1474
493:Spezzano
433:Holy See
392:nobility
301:Calabria
274:ordained
189:San Fili
157:Calabria
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660:Legends
633:by the
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485:Paterno
388:Cosenza
362:, 1507.
294:Italian
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201:Cosenza
145:2 April
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537:France
456:Minims
309:Reggio
305:Naples
278:priest
197:Naples
181:Sicily
850:Italy
635:Turks
608:vegan
462:Minim
313:habit
290:Paola
229:Amato
221:Luzzi
141:Feast
69:Paola
23:Saint
1238:ISBN
1213:ISBN
1159:ISBN
1118:ISBN
1047:ISBN
1039:ISBN
977:ISBN
878:ISBN
594:Diet
520:nuns
437:Rome
373:Mass
332:Rule
85:Died
63:Born
31:O.M.
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