614:"Bopp's Sanskrit studies and Sanskrit publications are the solid foundations upon which his system of comparative grammar was erected, and without which that could not have been perfect. For that purpose, far more than a mere dictionary knowledge of Sanskrit was required. The resemblances which he detected between Sanskrit and the Western cognate tongues existed in the syntax, the combination of words in the sentence and the various devices which only actual reading of the literature could disclose, far more than in the mere vocabulary. As a comparative grammarian he was much more than as a Sanskrit scholar, ... it is surely much that he made the grammar, formerly a maze of Indian subtilty, as simple and attractive as that of Greek or Latin, introduced the study of the easier works of Sanskrit literature and trained (personally or by his books) pupils who could advance far higher, invade even the most intricate parts of the literature and make the Vedas intelligible. The great truth which his
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ancient Indo-European nations, and the science of comparative grammar may truly be said to date from his earliest publication. In grateful recognition of that fact, on the fiftieth anniversary (May 16, 1866) of the date of
Windischmann's preface to that work, a fund called Die Bopp-Stiftung, for the promotion of the study of Sanskrit and comparative grammar, was established at Berlin, to which liberal contributions were made by his numerous pupils and admirers in all parts of the globe. Bopp lived to see the results of his labours everywhere accepted, and his name justly celebrated. But he died, on the 23rd of October 1867, in poverty, though his genuine kindliness and unselfishness, his devotion to his family and friends, and his rare modesty, endeared him to all who knew him.
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373:(London, 1820), an essay entitled "Analytical Comparison of the Sanskrit, Greek, Latin and Teutonic Languages" in which he extended to all parts of grammar what he had done in his first book for the verb alone. He had previously published a critical edition, with a Latin translation and notes, of the story of Nala and Damayanti (London, 1819), the most beautiful episode of the
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Bopp's researches, carried with wonderful penetration into the most minute and almost microscopical details of linguistic phenomena, have led to the opening up of a wide and distant view into the original seats, the closer or more distant affinity, and the tenets, practices and domestic usages of the
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The first and second points remained dependent upon the third. As Bopp based his research on the best available sources and incorporated every new item of information that came to light, his work continued to widen and deepen in the making, as can be witnessed from his monographs on the vowel system
566:
Critics have charged Bopp with neglecting the study of the native
Sanskrit grammars, but in those early days of Sanskrit studies, the great libraries of Europe did not hold the requisite materials; if they had, those materials would have demanded his full attention for years, and such grammars as
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Bopp must, more or less, directly or indirectly, be the teacher of all who at the present day study, not this language or that language, but language itself — study it either as a universal function of man, subjected, like his other mental or physical functions, to law and order, or else as an
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established was that of the mutual relations of the connected languages. Affinities had before him been observed between Latin and German, between German and
Slavonic, etc., yet all attempts to prove one the parent of the other had been found preposterous.
312:Über das Konjugationssystem der Sanskritsprache in Vergleichung mit jenem der griechischen, lateinischen, persischen und germanischen Sprache (On the Conjugation System of Sanskrit in comparison with that of Greek, Latin, Persian and Germanic)
314:, to which Windischmann contributed a preface. In this first book, Bopp entered at once the path on which he would focus the philological researches of his whole subsequent life. His task was not to point out the similarity of Sanskrit with
579:, gave undue prominence to Sanskrit is disproved by his own words; for, as early as 1820, he gave it as his opinion that frequently, the cognate languages serve to elucidate grammatical forms lost in Sanskrit (
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441:(1830), in which, more especially in the second and third editions (1847 and 1868–71), he also took account of the cognate languages. His chief activity, however, centered on the elaboration of his
437:), on which he had worked since 1821. Bopp started work on a new edition in Latin, for the following year, completed in 1832; a shorter grammar appeared in 1834. At the same time he compiled a
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presses. He spent five years of laborious study, almost living in the libraries of Paris and unmoved by the turmoils that agitated the world around him, including
224:, Heidelberg, 1808), had just begun to exert a powerful influence on the minds of German philosophers and historians, and stimulated Bopp's interest in the
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403:(1823), proved excellent aids in initiating the early student into the reading of Sanskrit texts. On the publication, in Calcutta, of the whole
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Vergleichende
Zergliederung des Sanskrits und der mit ihm verwandten Sprachen (Comparative Analysis of Sanskrit and its related Languages)
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575:, from which Bopp derived his grammatical knowledge, had all used native grammars as a basis. The further charge that Bopp, in his
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Vergleichende
Grammatik des Sanskrit, Zend, Griechischen, Lateinischen, Litthauischen, Altslawischen, Gotischen und Deutschen
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330:, for previous scholars had long established that, but he aimed to trace the postulated common origin of the languages'
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407:, Bopp discontinued editing Sanskrit texts and confined himself thenceforth exclusively to grammatical investigations.
445:, which appeared in six parts at considerable intervals (Berlin, 1833, 1835, 1842, 1847, 1849, 1852), under the title
279:
In the library, Bopp had access not only to the rich collection of
Sanskrit manuscripts (mostly brought from India by
216:, expressed great enthusiasm for Indian wisdom and philosophy.) Moreover, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich von Schlegel's book,
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to give a description of the original grammatical structure of the languages as deduced from their inter-comparison.
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translated the work into
English in 1845. A second German edition, thoroughly revised (1856–1861), also covered Old
393:, and three others (Berlin, 1829); a new edition of Nala (Berlin, 1832) followed in due course, all of which, with
542:(1846). In the last two, the impetus of his genius led him on a wrong track. He is the first philologist to prove
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historical development, worked out by a never ceasing course of education from one form into another.
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at the expense of the
Bavarian government, with a view to devoting himself vigorously to the study of
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Comparative
Grammar of Sanskrit, Zend , Greek, Latin, Lithuanian, Old Slavonic, Gothic and German
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After a brief sojourn in
Germany, Bopp travelled to London where he made the acquaintance of
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English scholar Russell Martineau, who had studied under Bopp, gave the following tribute:
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414:, Bopp gained, on the recommendation of Humboldt, appointment to the chair of Sanskrit and
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of those forms, as applied to the verb, he furnished the first trustworthy materials for a
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How carefully Bopp matured this work emerges from the series of monographs printed in the
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drew his attention to the languages and literature of the East. (Windischmann, along with
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in the early 18th century), but also to the Sanskrit books that had been issued from the
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in 1821, which he occupied for the rest of his life. He also became a member of the
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began to take its stand among the languages compared from the second part onwards.
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and had brought out, along with Langlès, a descriptive catalogue of the Sanskrit
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790:[History: what happened on 22 October?] (in Albanian). New York: Dielli.
891:, vol. 4 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 49–50
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from composition. This was something no predecessor had attempted. By a
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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i. 3), which he further developed in all his subsequent writings.
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Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
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528:Über das Albanesische in seinen verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen
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592:(11th edition of 1911) assesses Bopp and his work as follows:
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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The first paper from his years of study in Paris appeared in
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460:(1824–1831), which preceded it. They bear the general title
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Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
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468:, 1835) followed the publication of the first part of the
200:. There he received a liberal education at the Lyceum and
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in Sanskrit and Greek (1854), on the relationship of the
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164:; 14 September 1791 – 23 October 1867) was a German
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American Philosophical Society Member History Database
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248:. There he enjoyed the society of such eminent men as
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Martineau, Russell (1867), "Obituary of Franz Bopp",
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to investigate the origin of their grammatical forms.
369:, to whom he taught Sanskrit. He brought out, in the
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
666:, Volume 7, John Benjamins Publishing, 2002, p. 491.
550:. Bopp was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the
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Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin
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715:
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538:to the Indo-European languages (1840), and on the
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677:Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics
1033:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
431:Ausführliches Lehrgebäude der Sanskritsprache
554:in 1855 and an international member of the
31:
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807:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
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898:Transactions of the Philological Society
788:"Histori: Çfarë ka ndodhur më 22 tetor?"
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736:
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435:Detailed System of the Sanskrit Language
218:Über die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier
802:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B"
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222:On the Speech and Wisdom of the Indians
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878:
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1013:Linguists from the Kingdom of Prussia
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552:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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1018:Linguists of Indo-European languages
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188:, but the political disarray in the
786:Lulushi, Astrit (22 October 2013).
491:Bopp set himself a threefold task:
389:, and three others (Berlin, 1824);
266:American statesman of the same name
202:Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann
168:known for extensive and pioneering
13:
458:Transactions of the Berlin Academy
14:
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973:"A Comparative Grammar, Volume 1"
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948:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920),
814:from the original on 18 June 2006
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960:, vol. 4, pp. 261–262
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357:. He also became friends with
16:German philologist (1791–1876)
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371:Annals of Oriental Literature
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310:in 1816, under the title of
192:caused his parents' move to
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879:Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878),
464:. Two other essays (on the
439:Sanskrit and Latin Glossary
410:After a short residence at
395:August Wilhelm von Schlegel
264:(1762–1824), cousin of the
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662:Angela Esterhammer (ed.),
429:In 1827, he published his
252:(his primary instructor),
1028:People from Aschaffenburg
679:, Routledge, 1996, p. 85.
276:of the Imperial Library.
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344:history of the languages
250:Antoine-Léonard de Chézy
935:Encyclopædia Britannica
888:Encyclopædia Britannica
589:Encyclopædia Britannica
573:Henry Thomas Colebrooke
355:Henry Thomas Colebrooke
206:Georg Friedrich Creuzer
174:Indo-European languages
141:Comparative linguistics
80:Province of Brandenburg
1008:Linguists from Germany
957:Encyclopedia Americana
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610:Martineau also wrote:
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424:Royal Prussian Academy
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258:Louis Mathieu Langlès
161:[ˈfʁantsˈbɔp]
1058:German albanologists
882:"Francis Bopp"
863:, p. 261 cites
426:the following year.
420:University of Berlin
367:Court of St. James's
359:Wilhelm von Humboldt
240:In 1812, he went to
107:University of Berlin
97:Romantic linguistics
1053:German philologists
951:"Bopp, Franz"
739:, pp. 240–241.
636:Formerly sometimes
616:Comparative Grammar
577:Comparative Grammar
540:Caucasian languages
489:Comparative Grammar
470:Comparative Grammar
443:Comparative Grammar
416:comparative grammar
351:Sir Charles Wilkins
340:historical analysis
212:, and the brothers
198:Archbishop of Mainz
58:Electorate of Mainz
1023:Writers from Mainz
675:Hadumod Bussmann,
581:Annals of Or. Lit.
524:Albanian languages
512:Teutonic languages
397:'s edition of the
365:ambassador at the
281:Jean François Pons
262:Alexander Hamilton
536:Malayo-Polynesian
308:Frankfurt am Main
299:campaign and the
260:, and, above all
254:Silvestre de Sacy
190:Republic of Mainz
184:Bopp was born in
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816:. Retrieved
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998:1791 births
930:Bopp, Franz
906:Attribution
843:16 February
689:Baynes 1878
522:(1853) and
405:Mahabharata
381:Mahabharata
376:Mahabharata
336:inflections
332:grammatical
301:Restoration
274:manuscripts
170:comparative
129:Linguistics
993:Balticists
987:Categories
861:Rines 1920
774:Rines 1920
725:Rines 1920
651:References
638:anglicized
346:compared.
180:Early life
153:Franz Bopp
46:1791-09-14
25:Franz Bopp
567:those of
562:Criticism
558:in 1863.
412:Göttingen
289:Serampore
809:Archived
544:Albanian
500:phonetic
482:Armenian
466:Numerals
391:Diluvium
363:Prussian
297:Waterloo
293:Napoleon
285:Calcutta
246:Sanskrit
214:Schlegel
172:work on
166:linguist
946::
923::
873:Sources
510:in the
487:In his
418:at the
316:Persian
228:of the
157:German:
917:
532:accent
361:, the
328:German
236:Career
230:Hindus
92:School
76:Berlin
812:(PDF)
805:(PDF)
624:Notes
502:laws.
324:Latin
320:Greek
270:India
242:Paris
186:Mainz
54:Mainz
845:2021
820:2016
586:The
571:and
353:and
287:and
65:Died
40:Born
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640:as
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