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Young married screenwriter
Marjorie Gaffney in 1927. They had two children. Following Gaffney's death in 1963, he married film editor Joan Morduch. They had one child.
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403:'s Centenary Medal and Honorary Fellowship (HonFRPS) in recognition of a sustained, significant contribution to the art of photography in 1996/97.
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He was also director of photography on more than 130 films, including many other notable productions, such as
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British
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Screenshot of Ava
Gardner and Stewart Granger from the trailer for the film
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placed Young among the ten most influential cinematographers of all time.
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Young is arguably best known for his creative partnership with director
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color photography he displayed through his collaborations with director
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Netherlands
Society of Cinematographers. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
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317:(1967). He was also the first British cinematographer to film in
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His last film as cinematographer was the
Arthurian fantasy film
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with Paul
Petzold, published in 1972 (Focal Press, London).
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Young died in London on 1 December 1998, at the age of 96.
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Journal, Winter 1962–3, including article by
Freddie Young
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In 1984, at the age of 82, Young directed his only film,
235:, Young served as a captain and chief cameraman of the
350:(1970), all directed by Lean. Additionally, he was
220:. At the age of 15 in 1917, he began working at the
1187:"BSC Members | British Society of Cinematographers"
151:(9 October 1902 – 1 December 1998) was an English
216:in 1902, and raised in the West London suburb of
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1136:"BSC Heritage Series / Freddie Young OBE BSC"
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1244:Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Award
3639:Officers of the Order of the British Empire
198:British Academy of Film and Television Arts
3629:Best Cinematographer Academy Award winners
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369:The Work of the Motion Picture Cameraman
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1347:Academy Award for Best Cinematography
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1232:Great Cinematographers: Freddie Young
330:Academy Award for Best Cinematography
200:. In 2003, a survey conducted by the
169:Academy Award for Best Cinematography
110:Academy Award for Best Cinematography
1161:"Cinematographers pick their Top 11"
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202:International Cinematographers Guild
1211:Freddie Young; Epic Cinematographer
222:Gaumont-British Picture Corporation
16:British cinematographer (1902–1998)
13:
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189:(1970) - all directed by Lean.
392:In 1972, Young was awarded the
3614:Military personnel from London
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1134:Williams, Tom (19 July 2024).
949:The Inn of the Sixth Happiness
941:The Barretts of Wimpole Street
286:The Inn of the Sixth Happiness
1:
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1277:. Biography and filmography
1222:. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
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2625:Merchant Ivory Productions
1253:. Retrieved 13 August 2012
901:Knights of the Round Table
533:The Chance of a Night Time
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1308:Awards for Freddie Young
877:Calling Bulldog Drummond
445:A Peep Behind the Scenes
414:
377:Arthur's Hallowed Ground
367:In 1972, Young co-wrote
155:. Sometimes credited as
3619:Film people from London
1249:1 December 2012 at the
1140:British Cinematographer
917:Invitation to the Dance
453:Canaries Sometimes Sing
192:In 1972, he was made a
2167:BAFTA Fellowship Award
1061:Nicholas and Alexandra
693:When Knights Were Bold
304:Nicholas and Alexandra
262:
3609:British Army officers
254:
2314:Richard Attenborough
2198:Grace Wyndham Goldie
1760:Pasqualino De Santis
1381:Willard Van der Veer
1109:Sword of the Valiant
989:The Greengage Summer
829:Caesar and Cleopatra
773:Sixty Glorious Years
645:A Cuckoo in the Nest
356:Sword of the Valiant
3494:Guillaume Schiffman
3375:Tony Pierce-Roberts
3196:Skeets Kelly (1965)
1541:Joseph A. Valentine
1037:You Only Live Twice
613:Night of the Garter
549:Tilly of Bloomsbury
399:He was awarded the
314:You Only Live Twice
3548:Erik Messerschmidt
3506:Phedon Papamichael
3387:Philippe Rousselot
3345:Philippe Rousselot
2987:Thelma Schoonmaker
2298:Emeric Pressburger
2270:David Attenborough
2106:Erik Messerschmidt
2034:Anthony Dod Mantle
1927:Philippe Rousselot
1292:Lawrence of Arabia
1013:Rotten to the Core
997:Lawrence of Arabia
845:So Well Remembered
821:The Young Mr. Pitt
797:Busman's Honeymoon
789:Goodbye, Mr. Chips
781:Nurse Edith Cavell
741:Victoria the Great
661:The Queen's Affair
597:Good Night, Vienna
541:The Sport of Kings
335:Lawrence of Arabia
263:
241:Kinematograph Unit
212:Young was born in
174:Lawrence of Arabia
171:three times - for
140:Frederick A. Young
117:Lawrence of Arabia
35:Frederick A. Young
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3281:Geoffrey Unsworth
3240:Geoffrey Unsworth
3191:Geoffrey Unsworth
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2757:Jennifer Saunders
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2124:Hoyte van Hoytema
2052:Robert Richardson
2022:Guillermo Navarro
2010:Robert Richardson
1957:Russell Carpenter
1921:Robert Richardson
1847:Geoffrey Unsworth
1796:Fred J. Koenekamp
1784:Geoffrey Unsworth
1670:William C. Mellor
1664:Joseph Ruttenberg
1644:Joseph Ruttenberg
1628:Milton R. Krasner
1586:William C. Mellor
1469:Joseph Ruttenberg
1429:Joseph Ruttenberg
1215:Los Angeles Times
1167:. 17 October 2003
1165:Los Angeles Times
1045:Battle of Britain
1029:The Deadly Affair
981:Solomon and Sheba
933:Island in the Sun
589:A Night Like This
557:The Speckled Band
332:three times, for
298:Battle of Britain
268:Goodbye, Mr Chips
137:
136:
89:Years active
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3351:Vittorio Storaro
3287:Douglas Slocombe
3252:Douglas Slocombe
3246:Douglas Slocombe
3216:Douglas Slocombe
3185:Douglas Slocombe
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2182:Alfred Hitchcock
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2076:Emmanuel Lubezki
2070:Emmanuel Lubezki
2064:Emmanuel Lubezki
1897:Vittorio Storaro
1857:Vittorio Storaro
1851:Ghislain Cloquet
1841:Vittorio Storaro
1835:NĂ©stor Almendros
1545:William V. Skall
1509:Arthur C. Miller
1479:Arthur C. Miller
1459:Arthur C. Miller
1377:Joseph T. Rucker
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925:Bhowani Junction
749:Sunset in Vienna
677:Peg of Old Drury
629:Up for the Derby
573:The Mayor's Nest
394:BAFTA Fellowship
307:(1971), and the
258:Bhowani Junction
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73:Other names
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3381:Janusz Kamiński
3363:Freddie Francis
3305:Freddie Francis
3299:Freddie Francis
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3163:Freddie Francis
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2058:Claudio Miranda
1980:
1963:Janusz Kamiński
1933:Janusz Kamiński
1909:Freddie Francis
1829:Vilmos Zsigmond
1811:
1800:Joseph F. Biroc
1728:Harry Stradling
1724:Walter Lassally
1714:James Wong Howe
1690:Eugen SchĂĽfftan
1680:Freddie Francis
1634:James Wong Howe
1574:
1537:William Daniels
1499:Harry Stradling
1489:Joseph LaShelle
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1053:Ryan's Daughter
869:Treasure Island
861:The Winslow Boy
685:Escape Me Never
565:The Blue Danube
425:
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409:
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365:
347:Ryan's Daughter
249:
247:Cinematographer
218:Shepherd's Bush
210:
208:Life and career
186:Ryan's Daughter
153:cinematographer
142:
131:Ryan's Daughter
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84:Cinematographer
68:
67:London, England
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60:1 December 1998
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3518:Edward Lachman
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3446:Conrad L. Hall
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3417:Conrad L. Hall
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3405:Dante Spinotti
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3311:Billy Williams
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3139:Robert Krasker
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3051:Shuhei Yoshida
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3035:Billy Connolly
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2879:Rockstar Games
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2773:Nolan Bushnell
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2713:Anne V. Coates
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2097:
2094:Alfonso CuarĂłn
2091:
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2082:Linus Sandgren
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
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2025:
2019:
2013:
2007:
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1995:
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1863:Billy Williams
1860:
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1823:Haskell Wexler
1819:
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1766:Conrad L. Hall
1763:
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1754:Burnett Guffey
1751:
1744:Haskell Wexler
1741:
1731:
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1704:Walter Wottitz
1697:
1694:Daniel L. Fapp
1687:
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1674:Robert Surtees
1667:
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1614:Burnett Guffey
1611:
1604:Winton C. Hoch
1600:Robert Surtees
1597:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1569:Robert Surtees
1565:Robert Krasker
1562:
1559:Winton C. Hoch
1552:
1549:Winton C. Hoch
1534:
1524:
1513:Charles Rosher
1506:
1496:
1486:
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1453:George Perinal
1446:
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1420:
1414:
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1396:
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1371:Clyde De Vinna
1368:
1361:Charles Rosher
1357:
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1351:
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1320:
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1290:The Making of
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1261:External links
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1021:Doctor Zhivago
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653:Girls, Please!
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423:Selected films
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341:Doctor Zhivago
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64:(aged 96)
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45:9 October 1902
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6:
4:
3:
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3624:BAFTA fellows
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3542:Roger Deakins
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3530:Roger Deakins
3528:
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3488:Roger Deakins
3486:
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3482:Barry Ackroyd
3480:
3477:
3476:Roger Deakins
3474:
3471:
3470:Roger Deakins
3468:
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3459:
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3450:
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3440:Roger Deakins
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3369:Pierre Lhomme
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3315:Ronnie Taylor
3312:
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3234:Oswald Morris
3232:
3229:
3228:Freddie Young
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3210:Oswald Morris
3208:
3205:
3204:Oswald Morris
3201:
3200:Freddie Young
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3175:Freddie Young
3173:
3170:
3167:
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3158:
3155:
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3151:Jack Hildyard
3149:
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3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3133:Oswald Morris
3131:
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3027:Siobhan Reddy
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2995:Joan Bakewell
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2955:Joanna Lumley
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2863:Michael Palin
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2765:Terry Gilliam
2762:
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2697:David Puttnam
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2617:Warren Beatty
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2593:Albert Finney
2590:
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2506:Harold Pinter
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2498:Oswald Morris
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2482:Steven Bochco
2479:
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2426:Michael Grade
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2199:
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2191:
2190:Freddie Young
2187:
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2179:
2178:
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2156:
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2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
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2100:Roger Deakins
2098:
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2088:Roger Deakins
2086:
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2077:
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2046:Wally Pfister
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2038:
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2032:
2029:
2028:Robert Elswit
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1992:Andrew Lesnie
1990:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1976:
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1778:Oswald Morris
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1772:Freddie Young
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1738:Freddie Young
1735:
1734:Ernest Laszlo
1732:
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1708:Freddie Young
1705:
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1700:Jean Bourgoin
1698:
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1684:Russell Metty
1681:
1678:
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1654:Jack Hildyard
1652:
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1648:Lionel Lindon
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1555:Paul C. Vogel
1553:
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1522:
1521:Arthur Arling
1518:
1517:Leonard Smith
1514:
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1497:
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1463:Ernest Palmer
1460:
1457:
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1449:George Barnes
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:Ernest Haller
1436:
1433:
1430:
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1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
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1406:
1405:Victor Milner
1403:
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1397:
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1293:
1288:
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1281:Freddie Young
1279:
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1268:
1267:Freddie Young
1265:
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1128:
1123:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1095:
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1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:The Blue Bird
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1050:
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1038:
1034:
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1023:
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1018:
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991:
990:
986:
983:
982:
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975:
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966:
962:
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958:
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950:
946:
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942:
938:
935:
934:
930:
927:
926:
922:
919:
918:
914:
911:
910:
909:Lust for Life
906:
903:
902:
898:
895:
894:
890:
887:
886:
882:
879:
878:
874:
871:
870:
866:
863:
862:
858:
855:
854:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
838:
834:
831:
830:
826:
823:
822:
818:
815:
814:
813:49th Parallel
810:
807:
806:
802:
799:
798:
794:
791:
790:
786:
783:
782:
778:
775:
774:
770:
767:
766:
762:
759:
758:
757:London Melody
754:
751:
750:
746:
743:
742:
738:
735:
734:
733:Two's Company
730:
727:
726:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
710:
706:
703:
702:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
686:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
662:
658:
655:
654:
650:
647:
646:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
630:
626:
623:
622:
618:
615:
614:
610:
607:
606:
602:
599:
598:
594:
591:
590:
586:
583:
582:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
566:
562:
559:
558:
554:
551:
550:
546:
543:
542:
538:
535:
534:
530:
527:
526:
522:
519:
518:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
502:
498:
495:
494:
493:A Warm Corner
490:
487:
486:
482:
479:
478:
477:Tons of Money
474:
471:
470:
466:
463:
462:
458:
455:
454:
450:
447:
446:
442:
439:
436:
433:
432:
428:
427:
420:
412:
407:Personal life
404:
402:
397:
395:
385:
383:
379:
378:
372:
370:
360:
358:
357:
351:
349:
348:
343:
342:
337:
336:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
315:
310:
306:
305:
300:
299:
294:
293:
288:
287:
282:
281:
280:Lust for Life
276:
275:
274:49th Parallel
270:
269:
260:
259:
253:
244:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
205:
203:
199:
195:
190:
188:
187:
182:
181:
176:
175:
170:
167:. He won the
166:
162:
158:
154:
149:
145:
141:
133:
132:
126:
125:
119:
118:
112:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
59:
55:
50:
33:
29:
25:Freddie Young
22:
19:
3560:James Friend
3452:Russell Boyd
3433:2001–present
3399:Alex Thomson
3357:Peter Biziou
3339:David Watkin
3333:Alex Thomson
3327:Chris Menges
3321:Sven Nykvist
3227:
3222:Gerry Turpin
3199:
3174:
3157:Harry Waxman
3145:Jack Cardiff
3043:Sandy Powell
3011:Hideo Kojima
2963:Ridley Scott
2939:Alan Simpson
2927:John Carmack
2903:David Braben
2871:Helen Mirren
2836:
2797:Melvyn Bragg
2665:John Boorman
2585:2001–present
2522:Sean Connery
2466:Maggie Smith
2450:Ronald Neame
2434:Billy Wilder
2394:John Gielgud
2238:Denis Forman
2189:
2118:James Friend
2112:Greig Fraser
2004:Russell Boyd
1985:2001–present
1903:Peter Biziou
1891:Chris Menges
1885:David Watkin
1879:Chris Menges
1873:Sven Nykvist
1790:Sven Nykvist
1771:
1737:
1718:Leon Shamroy
1707:
1638:Robert Burks
1618:Loyal Griggs
1608:Archie Stout
1590:Alfred Gilks
1531:Jack Cardiff
1503:Leon Shamroy
1493:Leon Shamroy
1473:Leon Shamroy
1443:Ray Rennahan
1435:Gregg Toland
1399:Charles Lang
1387:Floyd Crosby
1295:, Digitised
1291:
1275:Screenonline
1239:
1227:
1213:
1206:
1196:12 September
1194:. Retrieved
1190:
1181:
1169:. Retrieved
1164:
1155:
1145:12 September
1143:. Retrieved
1139:
1107:
1099:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1067:
1059:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1027:
1019:
1011:
1003:
995:
987:
979:
971:
963:
957:Gideon's Day
955:
947:
939:
931:
923:
915:
907:
899:
891:
883:
875:
867:
859:
853:While I Live
851:
843:
835:
827:
819:
811:
803:
795:
787:
779:
771:
763:
755:
747:
739:
731:
723:
717:Three Maxims
715:
707:
699:
691:
683:
675:
667:
659:
651:
643:
637:Bitter Sweet
635:
627:
619:
611:
603:
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587:
579:
571:
563:
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531:
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467:
461:Rookery Nook
459:
451:
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398:
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355:
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296:
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264:
256:
237:British Army
233:World War II
230:
211:
194:BAFTA Fellow
191:
184:
178:
172:
156:
139:
138:
129:
122:
115:
108:
62:(1998-12-01)
18:
3599:1998 deaths
3594:1902 births
3566:Robbie Ryan
3464:Phil MĂ©heux
3393:Andrew Dunn
3258:John Alcott
2971:Tim Schafer
2855:Gabe Newell
2847:Alan Parker
2838:Rolf Harris
2753:Dawn French
2729:Will Wright
2689:David Frost
2673:Roger Graef
2657:David Jason
2649:Saul Zaentz
2530:Bill Cotton
2474:Woody Allen
2418:Colin Young
2386:Louis Malle
2330:Sam Spiegel
2322:Hugh Greene
2278:John Huston
2262:Huw Wheldon
2040:Mauro Fiore
1998:Conrad Hall
1969:Conrad Hall
1915:Dean Semler
1806:John Alcott
1660:Sam Leavitt
1423:Karl Freund
1417:Tony Gaudio
1365:Karl Struss
1171:25 February
605:It's a King
501:White Cargo
485:On Approval
438:White Cargo
382:Jimmy Jewel
380:, starring
344:(1965) and
319:CinemaScope
183:(1965) and
157:F. A. Young
76:F. A. Young
3588:Categories
3554:Ari Wegner
3275:Gil Taylor
3059:Meera Syal
2947:Mel Brooks
2935:Ray Galton
2895:Mike Leigh
2681:John Barry
2641:John Mills
2609:Judi Dench
2542:Ernie Wise
2514:David Rose
2286:Abel Gance
2206:David Lean
2016:Dion Beebe
1951:John Seale
1594:John Alton
1393:Lee Garmes
1191:bscine.com
1118:References
1069:The Asphyx
965:Indiscreet
805:Contraband
669:Nell Gwynn
469:The W Plan
363:Other work
326:David Lean
309:James Bond
165:David Lean
161:widescreen
81:Occupation
41:1902-10-09
3512:Dick Pope
3268:1976–2000
3181:Ted Moore
3126:1953–1975
2979:Kate Adie
2705:Ken Loach
2601:John Thaw
2254:Lew Grade
2174:1971–2000
1975:Peter Pau
1945:John Toll
1939:John Toll
1816:1976–2000
1748:Ted Moore
1579:1951–1975
1527:Guy Green
1354:1928–1950
1101:Rough Cut
973:I Accuse!
725:Limelight
581:Leap Year
92:1920–1984
51:, England
2911:Jon Snow
2378:Paul Fox
1483:Hal Mohr
1411:Hal Mohr
1247:Archived
1005:Lord Jim
765:Millions
701:The Frog
517:Carnival
509:Mischief
359:(1984).
338:(1962),
301:(1969),
295:(1965),
292:Lord Jim
289:(1958),
283:(1956),
277:(1941),
271:(1939),
226:stuntman
177:(1962),
97:Children
3019:Ang Lee
1269:at the
893:Mogambo
885:Ivanhoe
837:Bedelia
621:Trouble
525:Plunder
431:Victory
388:Honours
231:During
196:by the
3568:(2023)
3562:(2022)
3556:(2021)
3550:(2020)
3544:(2019)
3538:(2018)
3532:(2017)
3526:(2016)
3520:(2015)
3514:(2014)
3508:(2013)
3502:(2012)
3496:(2011)
3490:(2010)
3484:(2009)
3478:(2008)
3472:(2007)
3466:(2006)
3460:(2005)
3454:(2003)
3448:(2002)
3442:(2001)
3425:(2000)
3419:(1999)
3413:(1998)
3407:(1997)
3401:(1996)
3395:(1995)
3389:(1994)
3383:(1993)
3377:(1992)
3371:(1991)
3365:(1990)
3359:(1989)
3353:(1988)
3347:(1987)
3341:(1986)
3335:(1985)
3329:(1984)
3323:(1983)
3317:(1982)
3307:(1981)
3301:(1980)
3295:(1979)
3289:(1978)
3283:(1977)
3277:(1976)
3260:(1975)
3254:(1974)
3248:(1973)
3242:(1972)
3236:(1971)
3230:(1970)
3224:(1969)
3218:(1968)
3212:(1967)
3206:(1966)
3193:(1964)
3187:(1963)
3177:(1962)
3171:(1961)
3165:(1960)
3159:(1959)
3153:(1958)
3147:(1956)
3141:(1954)
3135:(1953)
3077:(2024)
3069:(2024)
3061:(2023)
3053:(2023)
3045:(2023)
3037:(2022)
3029:(2021)
3021:(2021)
3013:(2020)
3005:(2020)
2997:(2019)
2989:(2019)
2981:(2018)
2973:(2018)
2965:(2018)
2957:(2017)
2949:(2017)
2941:(2016)
2937:&
2929:(2016)
2921:(2016)
2913:(2015)
2905:(2015)
2897:(2015)
2889:(2014)
2881:(2014)
2873:(2014)
2865:(2013)
2857:(2013)
2849:(2013)
2841:(2012)
2831:(2012)
2823:(2011)
2815:(2011)
2807:(2011)
2799:(2010)
2791:(2010)
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2775:(2009)
2767:(2009)
2759:(2009)
2755:&
2747:(2008)
2739:(2008)
2731:(2007)
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2540:&
2532:(1998)
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2356:(1987)
2348:(1986)
2340:(1985)
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2316:(1983)
2308:(1982)
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2296:&
2288:(1981)
2280:(1980)
2272:(1980)
2264:(1979)
2256:(1979)
2248:(1978)
2240:(1977)
2232:(1976)
2224:(1976)
2216:(1975)
2208:(1974)
2200:(1973)
2192:(1972)
2184:(1971)
2126:(2023)
2120:(2022)
2114:(2021)
2108:(2020)
2102:(2019)
2096:(2018)
2090:(2017)
2084:(2016)
2078:(2015)
2072:(2014)
2066:(2013)
2060:(2012)
2054:(2011)
2048:(2010)
2042:(2009)
2036:(2008)
2030:(2007)
2024:(2006)
2018:(2005)
2012:(2004)
2006:(2003)
2000:(2002)
1994:(2001)
1977:(2000)
1971:(1999)
1965:(1998)
1959:(1997)
1953:(1996)
1947:(1995)
1941:(1994)
1935:(1993)
1929:(1992)
1923:(1991)
1917:(1990)
1911:(1989)
1905:(1988)
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1808:(1975)
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1696:(1961)
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1656:(1957)
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1640:(1955)
1630:(1954)
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1610:(1952)
1596:(1951)
1571:(1950)
1561:(1949)
1551:(1948)
1547:, and
1533:(1947)
1523:(1946)
1519:, and
1505:(1945)
1495:(1944)
1485:(1943)
1475:(1942)
1465:(1941)
1455:(1940)
1445:(1939)
1431:(1938)
1425:(1937)
1419:(1936)
1413:(1935)
1407:(1934)
1401:(1933)
1395:(1932)
1389:(1931)
1383:(1930)
1373:(1929)
1367:(1928)
1112:(1984)
1104:(1980)
1096:(1978)
1093:Stevie
1088:(1976)
1080:(1973)
1077:Luther
1072:(1973)
1064:(1971)
1056:(1970)
1048:(1969)
1040:(1967)
1032:(1967)
1024:(1965)
1016:(1965)
1008:(1965)
1000:(1962)
992:(1961)
984:(1959)
976:(1958)
968:(1958)
960:(1958)
952:(1958)
944:(1957)
936:(1957)
928:(1956)
920:(1956)
912:(1956)
904:(1953)
896:(1953)
888:(1952)
880:(1951)
872:(1950)
864:(1948)
856:(1947)
848:(1947)
840:(1946)
832:(1945)
824:(1942)
816:(1941)
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456:(1930)
448:(1929)
440:(1929)
434:(1928)
214:London
105:Awards
49:London
1297:BAFTA
415:Death
328:. He
311:film
128:1970
121:1965
114:1962
3313:and
1865:and
1849:and
1798:and
1702:and
1606:and
1592:and
1441:and
1379:and
1363:and
1285:IMDb
1218:via
1198:2024
1173:2020
1147:2024
709:Fame
57:Died
31:Born
1283:at
1273:'s
1271:BFI
321:.
239:'s
148:BSC
144:OBE
3590::
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1189:.
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1126:^
396:.
243:.
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146:,
3111:e
3104:t
3097:v
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2145:v
1339:e
1332:t
1325:v
1200:.
1175:.
1149:.
261:.
100:3
43:)
39:(
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