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1048:, who managed business affairs, Lanchester had no such assistance. During most of his career he lacked financial backing to be able to develop his ideas and perform research, as he would have liked. He nonetheless made many contributions in many different fields. He wrote more than sixty technical papers for various institutions and organisations, and received awards from a number of bodies.
869:, seeing how they were able to use motionless wings to catch up-currents of air. He measured various birds to see how the centre of gravity compared with the centre of support. As a result of his deliberations, Lanchester, eventually formulated his circulation theory of flight. This is the basis of aerodynamics and the foundation of modern
985:. These laws described how two forces would attrit each other in combat, and demonstrated that the ability of modern weapons to operate at long ranges dramatically changed the nature of combat—a force that was twice as large had been twice as powerful in the past, but now it was four times, the square of the quotient.
1262:(1884) (28 Ch. D. 474), an insolvency case about the rent payable by a company liquidator to the landlord of its rented premises. Where the occupation of the liquidator had been beneficial, it was held that a rate, made after the commencement of the liquidation, ought to be paid in full. Ryde, Walter C. (1890)
1032:, again with overhead cams: it proved to be the last "real" Lanchester, in 1931 the company was acquired by B.S.A., who had also owned the Daimler Company since 1909. From then until 1956, Lanchester cars were built at the Daimler factory in Coventry as sister cars with Daimler, like R-R with Bentley .
1291:
It was renamed the Royal Small Arms
Factory (Birmingham) (also known as RSAF Sparkbrook), and the Small Arms Repairing Factory in Bagot Street (otherwise known as "The Tower") was transferred to the Montgomery Street site. The factory's main business was repairing worn-out rifles from Army regiments,
619:
transmission and designed a machine to cut the worm gears. He patented this machine in 1905 and it continued for 25 years to produce all of the
Lanchester worm gears. He also introduced the use of splined shafts and couplings in place of keys and keyways, another innovation that he patented. The
567:
Lanchester's car was completed in 1895 and given its first test run in 1896, and proved to be unsatisfactory, being underpowered and having transmission problems. Lanchester designed a new 8 hp (6 kW) 2,895 cc (177 in) air-cooled engine with two horizontally opposed cylinders, still with
499:
Lanchester began to find the conflict between his job as works manager and his research work irksome. Therefore, in 1893, he resigned his job in favour of his younger brother George. At about the same time, he produced a second engine type similar in design to his previous one but operating on
700:
Eventually
Lanchester became disillusioned with the activities of the company's directors, and in 1910 resigned as general manager, becoming their part-time consultant and technical adviser. His brothers, George and Frank, assumed technical and administrative responsibility for the company.
452:
as assistant works manager. His contract of employment included a clause stating that any technical improvements that he made would be the intellectual property of the company. Lanchester wisely struck this out before signing. This action was prescient, for in 1889 he invented and patented a
1131:
Coventry
University's Lanchester Library opened in 2000. Its name commemorates Frederick Lanchester and the previous incarnation of the university as Lanchester Polytechnic. Like much of Lanchester's own work, apparently regardless of convention, its form displays the way it functions.
685:, added steering wheels in 1907 and invented the accelerator pedal to help control engine operation, which previously would not cease if the operator had problems. He invented (or was the first to use) detachable wire wheels, bearings that were pressure-fed with oil, stamped steel
753:
design developed from Knight's 1904 patents. Daimler had put all its resources into this "rather unsatisfactory engine" (according to Harry
Ricardo), but although Lanchester continued to develop and work on the design, "he had realised that it was a forlorn hope from the start."
320:, and young Frederick attended a preparatory school and a nearby boarding school, where he did not distinguish himself. He himself, thinking back, remarked that, "it seemed that Nature was conserving his energy". However, he did succeed in winning a scholarship to the
1318:
in c1909. Around the same time BSA Cars was losing money heavily, and after a critical internal report BSA bought
Daimler in September 1910 in an attempt to improve the management. BSA Cars were fitted with Daimler-Knight engines from 1911. Daimler bought the
936:
was established, and
Lanchester was appointed a member. Lanchester predicted correctly that aircraft would play an increasingly important part in warfare, unlike the military command which envisioned warfare as continuing much the same way it had in the past.
535:
Having put a petrol engine in a boat, the next logical step was to use it for road transport. Lanchester set about designing a four-wheeled vehicle to be driven by a petrol engine. He designed a new petrol engine of 5 bhp (3.7 kW), with two
844:
of 1929; the
Lanchester Motor Company's overdraft was also withdrawn, forcing immediate liquidation of its assets. BSA group, the owners of Daimler since 1910, completed the purchase of the Lanchester company in January 1931 and moved production to
426:
Lanchester, who had never been successful commercially, lived the remainder of his life in straitened circumstances, and it was only through charitable help that he was able to remain in his home. He died at his home, Dyott End, on 8 March 1946.
384:
In 1925 Lanchester founded a company named
Lanchester Laboratories Ltd., to perform industrial research and development work. Although he developed an improved radio and gramophone speaker, he was unable to market it successfully because of the
422:
Although he achieved his fame by his creative brilliance as an engineer, Frederick
Lanchester was a man of diverse interests, blessed with a fine singing voice. Using the pseudonym of Paul Netherton-Herries he published two volumes of poetry.
1150:, is on the site where the Lanchester company built their first four-wheel, petrol car in 1895. It was unveiled by Frank Lanchester's daughter, Mrs Marjorie Bingeman, and the Lanchester historian, Chris Clark at the Centenary Rally in 1995.
924:
theory which contained a description of oscillations and stalls. During this work he outlined the basic layout used in most aircraft since then. Lanchester's contribution to aeronautical science was not recognised until the end of his life.
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in February 1907. Daimler fitted a number of four-cylinder 'pre-Knight' engines in the Road Train; Lanchester's development work resulted in a 75/80 hp Daimler-Knight 6-cylinder engine for the Daimler-Renard tractor unit in 1910. The
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After the death of the current works manager, Lanchester was promoted to his job. He then designed a new gas engine of greater size and power than any produced by the company before. The engine was a vertical one with horizontal, opposed
803:
A larger 100 hp 6-cylinder engine with twin crankshafts each driving a sleeve-valve appeared in January 1912, fitted to the larger of two Daimler-Foster agricultural tractors ('Agritractors') made in conjunction with
1285:.) The company also manufactured ammunition at the Holford Mills and in Belmont Row, along with Peel Works in Macdonald Street for general works: the company diversified into making fog signals, bicycles and tricycles.
820:
for sleeve-valve engines and patented it with Daimler in February 1913. Gaining an extra 5 hp by April 1913, the 105 hp Daimler-Knight engine (coupled with the tractor's massive transmission designed by
816:, the duplication of the whole of the valve operating mechanism involved excessive mechanical complication and introduced grave difficulties in the way of mechanical synchronization. Lanchester designed a new
620:
back axle had roller bearings and Lanchester designed the machines to make these. His car was designed with the engine placed between the two front seats rather than at the front, and also had a side-mounted
583:
as work on the car progressed and had also sold his house to help finance the cost of his research. A second car was then built with the same engine and transmission but with Lanchester's own design of
508:, for mixing the fuel and air correctly. His invention was known as a wick carburettor, because fuel was drawn into a series of wicks, from where it was vapourised. He patented this invention in 1905.
1024:
21 hp (RAC Rating) six cylinder engine. In 1921 Lanchester was the first company to export left-hand drive cars. Tinted glass was also introduced on these cars for the first time. A 4440 cc
595:
In 1898, Lanchester designed a water-cooled version of his 8 bhp (6.0 kW) engine, which was fitted to a boat, driving a propeller. In 1900 the Gold Medal Phaeton was entered for the first
1135:
Its distinctive appearance comes from the building's energy efficient specifications, making use of light wells and exhaust stacks to draw air through the building, providing natural ventilation.
884:
Lanchester was discouraged by the attitude to his aeronautical theory, and concentrated on automobile development for the next ten years. In 1906 he published the first part of a two-volume work,
483:
He rented a small workshop next to the Forward Company's works and used this for experimental work of his own. In this workshop, he produced a small vertical single cylinder gas engine of 3
607:
In December 1899 Lanchester and his brothers created the Lanchester Engine Company in order to manufacture cars that could be sold to the public. A factory was acquired in Montgomery Street,
639:
and would send him experimental models to test. In 1905, Lanchester produced a 20 hp four-cylinder engine, and in 1906 he produced a 28 hp six-cylinder engine. Although Sir
588:
suspension. This was completed in 1898 and won a Gold Medal for its design and performance at the Automobile Exhibition and Trials at Richmond. It became known as the Gold Medal
461:
of ten shillings for each one fitted to a Forward Engine. In 1890 he patented a Pendulum Accelerometer, for recording the acceleration and braking of road and rail vehicles.
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theory. In 1894 he tested his theory on a number of models. In 1897 he presented a paper entitled "The soaring of birds and the possibilities of mechanical flight" to the
1303:
The newly-formed Lanchester Engine Company acquired part of the RSAF works (the southern end of Montgomery Street) in 1900, and a new office block was built in 1902.
721:
where he became involved in a number of engineering projects including the Daimler-Knight engine, variants of which powered the petrol-electric KPL bus and the
1040:
Lanchester was respected by most fellow engineers as a genius, but he did not have the business acumen to convert his inventiveness to financial gain. Whereas
663:
to cancel out the unbalanced secondary forces in a four-cylinder engine, using two balance weights rotating at twice crankshaft speed in opposite directions.
2604:
1431:
1265:
Reports of rating appeals heard during 1886-1890 before the Queen's Bench division and Court of Appeal, the Assessment sessions and London quarter sessions
1521:"Auction 22781: Medals, Bonds, Banknotes and Coins, Lot 124: The Fellowship Gold Medal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, awarded to Mr. F. W. Lanchester"
762:
The hybrid petrol-electric KPL (Knight-Pieper-Lanchester) bus used a pair of 4-cylinder, 12 h.p. (R.A.C. rating) Daimler-Knight engines each coupled to a
632:
disc for braking, rather than using a separate system as in most cars. On 1 December 1902, Lanchester was awarded Patent No. 26,407 for the disc brake.
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293:(1834–1914), an architect, and his wife Octavia (1834–1916), a tutor of Latin and mathematics. He was the fourth of eight children; his older brother
1029:
912:
mathematically confirmed the correctness of Lanchester's vortex theory. In his second volume, Lanchester turned his attention to aircraft stability,
655:
as a solution to the problem of engine balance. His design, patented in 1907, used a secondary flywheel coupled to the end of the crankshaft with a
2594:
2137:
1386:
1281:
The National Arms and Ammunition Company (NAAC) was founded in 1872, and set up the Small Arms Works in Montgomery Street, Sparkbrook (part of the
1999:
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The NAAC was in financial difficulties by 1882. A liquidator was appointed and the arms factory was eventually sold to the Government in 1886.
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rotating in opposite directions, for exemplary smoothness, and air cooling by way of vanes mounted on the flywheel. There was a revolutionary
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2121:
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The new 10 hp car appeared in 1901 and remained in production until 1905, with only minor design modifications. He became a friend of
553:
366:. The couple relocated to 41 Bedford Square, London, but in 1924 Lanchester built a house to his own design (Dyott End) in Oxford Road,
2589:
877:, but it was rejected, being too advanced for its time. Lanchester realised that powered flight required an engine with a much greater
615:, known as the Armourer Works. In his new factory, Lanchester designed a new ten horsepower twin cylinder engine. He decided to use a
2056:
1972:
1956:
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and was reportedly much grieved that this, along with cataracts in both eyes, prevented him from "doing any official job" during the
1775:
389:. He continued, overworking, until in 1934 his health failed and the company was forced to close. He was diagnosed eventually with
1156:
2624:
411:
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than any existing engine. He proposed to design and build such an engine, but was advised that no one would take him seriously.
2284:
1056:
Lanchester's papers, notebooks, and related material are dispersed between a number of archive collections, including those of
2644:
2599:
476:
In 1890 Lanchester patented a self-starting device for gas engines. He subsequently sold the rights for his invention to the
355:
2649:
2082:
1887:
17:
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Volumes 1 and 2 are comprehensive illustrated accounts of Lanchester cars. Volume 3 covers Lanchester's other inventions.
564:'s trike a 1.9 kW {2.5 hp} 650 cc (40 in) engine of his own design, capable of over 50 km/h {30 mph}.
1580:
Bird, Anthony (2 November 1968). Bulmer, Charles (ed.). "'Dr Fred' - the centenary of Frederick Lanchester FRS., LL.D.".
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405:
1913:
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1931:
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2212:
2151:
1507:
1342:, Ricardo's writings and work on the single sleeve-valve aero engine led to the development of engines such as the
354:
In 1919, at the age of fifty-one, Lanchester married Dorothea Cooper, the daughter of Thomas Cooper, the vicar of
959:
Lanchester was particularly interested in predicting the outcome of aerial battles. In 1914, before the start of
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948:
778:) threatened a patent infringement action, and it was withdrawn in May 1911 after only 10 buses had been made.
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401:
211:
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The Lanchester Engine Company sold about 350 cars of various designs between 1900 and 1904, when they became
261:
Lanchester became a pioneer British motor-car builder, a hobby which resulted in his developing a successful
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749:
on 6 June 1908, and in September 1908 Daimler announced the first 4-cylinder Daimler-Knight engine a double
2229:
1542:
795:
company (BSA) bought Daimler in 1910, and Lanchester became consultant engineer to the new parent company.
697:, the torsional vibration damper for 6-cylinder engines, and the harmonic balancer for 4-cylinder designs.
644:
370:, Birmingham. The couple remained there for the rest of their life together but did not have any children.
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511:
Lanchester installed his new petrol engine in a flat-bottomed launch, which the engine drove via a stern
232:
191:
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2307:
340:
Technical School. Unfortunately, he ended his education without having obtained a formal qualification.
2639:
2609:
2007:
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bought the rest of the RSAF Sparkbrook site (the northern end of Montgomery Street) and started making
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122:
951:' 'James Forrest Lecture', on the subject of "The Flying Machine From An Engineering Standpoint".
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1143:
908:. His book was not well received in England, but created interest in Germany where the scientist
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2266:"The Birmingham Small Arms Company. A difficult trading year, important transactions effected".
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seriously in 1892, eleven years before the first successful powered flight. Whilst crossing the
1825:
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1117:
965:
599:
1,000 Miles Trial and completed the course successfully after one mechanical failure en route.
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two crankshafts. He also re-designed the epicyclic gearbox and combined it with the engine. A
206:
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After the war, the company introduced the more conventional Forty engine, a rival for the
8:
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rather than a steering wheel. The transmission also included a system similar to modern
336:. He supplemented his instruction in applied engineering by attending evening classes at
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43:
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1212:
1201:
729:
and powered all Daimler cars from 1909 to the mid 1930s winning in 1909 the coveted RAC
484:
348:
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1405:
709:
745:, the American inventor Charles Knight had obtained a British patent for his modified
579:
Lanchester had relocated his business to larger workshops in Ladywood Road, Fiveways,
351:, a draughtsman's instrument for hatching, shading and other geometrical design work.
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1503:
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adopted it) giving two forward speeds plus reverse, and which drove the rear wheels
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2389:
2350:
2339:"The James Forrest Lecture 1914, The Flying Machine From An Engineering Standpoint"
1436:
1395:
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809:
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due to the incompetence of the Board of Directors. It was immediately reformed as
561:
394:
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333:
298:
224:
185:
134:
1520:
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1826:"Patent for improvements in the brake mechanism of power propelled road vehicles"
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491:, which Lanchester used to light the Company's office and part of the factory.
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989:
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Daimler Double-Six (V12) 50hp sleeve-valve engine 1927–30 transverse section
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1021:
901:
866:
825:) powered the Daimler-Foster Artillery Tractor, the No. 1 Lincoln Machine,
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at 800 rpm. An important part of his new engine was the revolutionary
466:
265:, and is considered one of the "big three" English car engineers—alongside
251:
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usage). OR techniques are now widely used, perhaps most so for business.
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engines, Lanchester analysed the problem scientifically and invented the
640:
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chains. With a walnut body, it seated three, side by side. (By contrast,
505:
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draughtsman for £3 a week. About this time he registered a patent for an
325:
302:
270:
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576:. The new engine and transmission were fitted to the original 1895 car.
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487:(2.2 kW), running at 600 rpm. This was coupled directly to a
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329:
80:
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963:, he published his ideas on aerial warfare in a series of articles in
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870:
865:
on a voyage to the United States, Lanchester studied the flight of
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477:
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1753:. With photo showing the Lanchester Works down Montgomery Street.
1146:, in the Bloomsbury, Heartlands, area of Birmingham, designed by
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501:
445:
367:
236:
91:
2343:
Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers
2054:
See diagram of the 105 hp engine with a similar arrangement, in
343:
When he completed his education in 1888, he acquired a job as a
893:
686:
629:
621:
524:
488:
286:
1236:. Birmingham: Published by the author for private circulation.
1120:, so named in memory of Frederick Lanchester. It was renamed
988:
Lanchester's Laws were originally applied practically in the
516:
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during flight, which included the first full description of
840:
Lanchester's contract with Daimler was terminated after the
2253:"The Lanchester Company". From our motoring correspondent.
1854:
1852:
1850:
897:
515:. Lanchester built the launch in the garden of his home in
316:
When he was a year old, his father relocated the family to
560:
single and was capable of 40 km/h {25 mph}, and
1837:
1835:
717:
In 1909 Lanchester became a technical consultant for the
556:'s tricycle had a 3 hp (2.2 kW) 402 cc {24½in)
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in 1904, and was the first motorboat built in Britain.
1832:
440:
Near the end of 1888, Lanchester went to work for the
1639:
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1633:
1224:
The Centenarian : a Lakeland story told in verse
659:. At around the same time Lanchester also patented a
2532:
The Lanchester Legacy Vol 3: A celebration of genius
1646:
328:, and after three years won another scholarship, to
1630:
1424:
1338:engine replaced the Daimler 105 hp in the British
766:driving one of the rear wheels, using a patent of
457:to control engine speeds, for which he received a
1231:
1221:
469:for inlet and exhaust. The engine had a very low
2571:
2270:, Saturday, 28 November 1931, p. 17; Issue 45992
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1550:Bulletin of the British Vintage Wireless Society
1387:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society
1924:
1214:Aircraft in Warfare: The Dawn of the Fourth Arm
971:Aircraft in Warfare: The Dawn of the Fourth Arm
888:, dealing with the problems of powered flight (
677:. During this period he also experimented with
523:. The boat was launched at Salter's slipway in
2435:Lanchester F. W., "Mathematics in Warfare" in
2203:Fletcher, David; Bryan, Tony (illus.) (2004).
2048:
1543:"Lanchester made radios as well as motor-cars"
969:. They were published in book form in 1916 as
418:(1935), attributed to "Paul Netherton-Herries"
416:The Centenarian A Lakeland Story Told In Verse
2257:, Tuesday, 6 January 1931, p. 10; Issue 45713
2202:
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770:. The bus was announced in June 1910 but the
297:also became an architect; his younger sister
2605:British founders of automobile manufacturers
2136:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1435:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
977:) and included a description of a series of
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602:
1020:40/50 hp; it was joined in 1924 by an
381:awarded him a fellowship and a gold medal.
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2178:"Two notable six-cylinder engines on test"
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2620:Fellows of the Royal Aeronautical Society
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2123:The High Speed Internal Combustion Engine
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1382:"Frederick William Lanchester. 1868-1946"
1314:there. Lanchester became a consultant to
940:The same year, 1909, Lanchester patented
736:
235:(23 October 1868 – 8 March 1946), was an
27:British polymath and engineer (1868–1946)
2529:
2522:The Lanchester Legacy vol 2 1931 to 1956
2512:The Lanchester Legacy vol 1 1895 to 1931
2126:. Glasgow: Blackie and Son. p. 276.
1877:, Issue 38758, 22 September 1908, p. 11.
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2595:Alumni of the University of Southampton
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1962:Old Bus Photos. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
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1606:(London: Grange-Universal, 1990), p.22.
1432:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1426:"Lanchester, Henry Vaughan (1863–1953)"
1379:
1260:Re National Arms and Ammunition company
1206:. London: Archibald Constable & Co.
1195:. London: Archibald Constable & Co.
1011:
892:). In it, he developed a model for the
14:
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2306:Lanchester, F. W. (11 December 1941).
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2099:The smaller machine featured a 30 hp (
2057:"Is the sleeve-valve engine suitable?"
1997:
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1292:overseen by the Superintendent of the
1278:Brief history of the Sparkbrook site:
1044:had found an able business partner in
473:, but was very economical to operate.
64:18 Alma Square, St John's Wood, London
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2509:
1973:"The Renard Road Train demonstration"
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1373:
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653:torsional crankshaft vibration damper
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309:and Frank joined him in forming the
246:who made important contributions to
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1462:
1203:Aerial Flight, Vol. 2: Aerodonetics
1192:Aerial Flight, Vol. 1: Aerodynamics
1074:Institution of Mechanical Engineers
643:had already tackled the problem of
406:Institution of Mechanical Engineers
216:Thinktank Birmingham Science Museum
24:
2503:
1518:Sold at auction in November 2015.
1368:
1028:engine was introduced at the 1928
934:Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
727:British heavy tanks of World War I
704:
400:He was awarded gold medals by the
25:
2661:
2590:Alumni of Imperial College London
2543:
1932:"Daimler's New " K.P.L." Omnibus"
1684:"National Arms and Ammunition Co"
1604:Cars: Early and Vintage 1886-1930
1211:Lanchester, Frederick W. (1916).
1200:Lanchester, Frederick W. (1908).
1189:Lanchester, Frederick W. (1906).
494:
2534:. Coventry: Coventry University.
2524:. Dymock: Lanchester Legacy Ltd.
2514:. Coventry: Coventry University.
2337:Lanchester, F W (January 1914).
2207:. Osprey Publishing. p. 4.
1232:Netherton-Herries, Paul (1936).
1222:Netherton-Herries, Paul (1935).
1217:. London: Constable and Company.
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645:crankshaft torsional oscillation
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2235:. Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust
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1958:Moortown to Shadwell bus, Leeds
1950:
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1500:The Lanchester Legacy, Volume 3
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1234:A King's Prayer and Other Poems
1226:. Birmingham: Cornish Brothers.
373:He was elected a Fellow of the
254:, and co-invented the topic of
2625:British operations researchers
2561:Lanchester Interactive Archive
2000:"The Renard Road Train system"
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949:Institution of Civil Engineers
852:
776:London General Omnibus Company
435:
402:Institution of Civil Engineers
332:College, which is now part of
13:
1:
2368:Hill, F. T. (14 March 1946).
2083:"The self-propelled exhibits"
1998:Martin, Liz (February 2013).
1269:London: Butterworths, p. 165.
1112:In 1970, several colleges in
1104:Frederick Lanchester Building
774:company (an associate of the
212:prototype petrol-electric car
2645:Fellows of the Royal Society
2600:British automotive engineers
2530:Fletcher, John, ed. (1995).
1456:UK public library membership
1423:Gerstein, Alexandra (2004).
1361:
1228:(Limited ed. of 640 copies.)
1095:
996:, where they developed into
786:Daimler began importing the
647:and consequent vibration in
276:
222:Frederick William Lanchester
7:
2650:British automotive pioneers
1888:"The-Daimler-Knight engine"
1380:Ricardo, H. R. (May 1948).
1106:Coventry University Library
1051:
572:connected the gearbox to a
478:Crossley Gas Engine Company
192:Fellow of the Royal Society
10:
2666:
2030:"The latest Renard trains"
2006:(20): 8–12. Archived from
1979:: 542–3 . 21 February 1907
1070:National Aerospace Library
942:contra-rotating propellers
857:Lanchester began to study
757:
442:Forward Gas Engine Company
379:Royal Aeronautical Society
1920:: 404–5. 18 January 1912.
1082:Churchill Archives Centre
1062:University of Southampton
1035:
782:Daimler-Renard Road Train
723:Daimler-Renard Road Train
603:Lanchester Engine Company
377:in 1922, and in 1926 the
307:George Herbert Lanchester
200:
178:
157:
150:
115:
105:
97:
87:
69:
50:
41:
34:
2437:The World of Mathematics
2355:10.1680/imotp.1914.16315
2205:British Mark I Tank 1916
2158:: 468 . 18 February 1913
1914:"Six new Daimler models"
1321:Lanchester Motor Company
1294:Royal Small Arms Factory
1241:
1177:Sculpture by Tim Tolkien
1108:Gosford Street, Coventry
1066:Birmingham Museums Trust
806:William Foster & Co.
741:Working with Daimler in
674:Lanchester Motor Company
311:Lanchester Motor Company
295:Henry Vaughan Lanchester
123:Henry Vaughan Lanchester
2460:. The National Archives
2458:"The Discovery Service"
2230:"Lanchester Collection"
2063:: 747 . 12 January 1926
1894:: 73–4 . 1 October 1908
1556:(4): 45. September 1994
1502:. Coventry University.
1498:Fletcher, John (1996).
1144:Lanchester Car Monument
983:Lanchester's Power Laws
955:Lanchester's Power Laws
799:Daimler-Foster tractors
530:
430:
281:Lanchester was born in
36:Frederick W. Lanchester
2370:"Dr. F. W. Lanchester"
2281:"Wake Vortex Research"
1776:"The Lanchester Works"
1654:"Lanchester Engine Co"
1441:10.1093/ref:odnb/63138
1401:10.1098/rsbm.1948.0010
1165:in Moseley, Birmingham
1118:Lanchester Polytechnic
1109:
981:that are known now as
979:differential equations
737:Daimler-Knight engines
714:
419:
291:Henry Jones Lanchester
248:automotive engineering
218:
165:Automotive engineering
110:Henry Jones Lanchester
2615:Engineers from London
2552:his 1946 obituary in
2550:"Dr F. W. Lanchester"
2520:Clark, C. S. (2016).
2510:Clark, C. S. (1995).
2439:, Vol. 4 (1956). Ed.
1763:Birmingham Daily Post
1737:Birmingham Gun Museum
1733:"RSAF/BSA Sparkbrook"
1720:Birmingham Daily Post
1481:Rolt, L.T.C. (1962).
1183:Selected publications
1103:
879:power-to-weight ratio
793:Birmingham Small Arms
712:
597:Royal Automobile Club
414:
209:
2635:People from Lewisham
2182:The Commercial Motor
2156:The Commercial Motor
2087:The Commercial Motor
2061:The Commercial Motor
2034:The Commercial Motor
1977:The Commercial Motor
1938:: 28–9 . 9 June 1910
1936:The Commercial Motor
1918:The Commercial Motor
1780:Looking at Buildings
1487:George Bell and Sons
1334:Although his 150 hp
1124:in 1987, and became
1122:Coventry Polytechnic
1078:Cambridge University
1012:The post-war company
1002:operational research
947:In 1914 he gave the
480:for a handsome sum.
301:was a socialist and
18:Frederick Lanchester
2565:Coventry University
2485:Coventry University
2386:1946Natur.157..432H
2228:Knight, K. (2014).
2184:: 96 . 3 April 1913
2152:"Patents completed"
2118:Ricardo, Harry, Sir
1643:Georgano, p.23 cap.
1126:Coventry University
1058:Coventry University
998:operations research
391:Parkinson's disease
322:Hartley Institution
305:; and his brothers
256:operations research
158:Significant advance
2445:Simon and Schuster
1110:
920:), developing his
896:that occur behind
829:, and the British
715:
420:
219:
152:Engineering career
2640:People from Olton
2610:English inventors
2426:, pp. 39ff .
2349:(1914): 245–338.
2036:: 5. 28 July 1910
1861:, pp. 761–2.
1710:, 1 February 1872
1708:Pall Mall Gazette
1454:(Subscription or
1352:Rolls-Royce Eagle
1247:Explanatory notes
1090:Oxford University
847:Radford, Coventry
842:Wall Street Crash
788:Renard Road Train
661:harmonic balancer
628:that clamped the
542:epicyclic gearbox
471:compression ratio
455:Pendulum Governor
356:St Peter's Church
210:F W Lanchester's
204:
203:
129:George Lanchester
16:(Redirected from
2657:
2535:
2525:
2515:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2454:
2448:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2397:
2395:10.1038/157432a0
2365:
2359:
2358:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2287:on 15 March 2017
2283:. Archived from
2277:
2271:
2264:
2258:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2234:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2135:
2127:
2114:
2108:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2089:: . 29 June 1911
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2010:on 31 March 2016
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1969:
1963:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1892:Commercial Motor
1884:
1878:
1871:Automobile Notes
1868:
1862:
1856:
1845:
1839:
1830:
1829:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1743:on 15 March 2016
1739:. Archived from
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1680:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1628:
1622:
1607:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1577:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1547:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1516:
1510:
1496:
1490:
1479:
1460:
1459:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1403:
1377:
1355:
1332:
1326:
1276:
1270:
1257:
1237:
1227:
1218:
1207:
1196:
1174:
1159:
1086:Bodleian Library
875:Physical Society
725:, and the first
404:in 1941 and the
395:Second World War
387:Great Depression
334:Imperial College
299:Edith Lanchester
186:Guggenheim Medal
135:Edith Lanchester
76:
60:
58:
46:
32:
31:
21:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2630:Aerodynamicists
2570:
2569:
2546:
2506:
2504:Further reading
2501:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2434:
2430:
2424:Lanchester 1916
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2366:
2362:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2319:
2304:
2300:
2290:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2265:
2261:
2252:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2222:
2215:
2201:
2197:
2187:
2185:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2129:
2128:
2115:
2111:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2064:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2039:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1955:
1951:
1941:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1869:
1865:
1857:
1848:
1840:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1765:, 1 April 1885.
1761:
1757:
1746:
1744:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1718:
1714:
1706:
1702:
1692:
1690:
1682:
1681:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1631:
1623:
1610:
1599:
1595:
1578:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1497:
1493:
1483:Great Engineers
1480:
1463:
1453:
1445:
1443:
1421:
1417:
1394:(16): 756–766.
1378:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1344:Bristol Perseus
1333:
1329:
1277:
1273:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1185:
1178:
1175:
1166:
1160:
1116:merged to form
1107:
1105:
1098:
1054:
1046:Matthew Boulton
1038:
1030:Southport Rally
1014:
975:Lanchester 1916
957:
918:Lanchester 1908
890:Lanchester 1906
855:
831:Mark I-IV tanks
823:William Tritton
812:. According to
801:
784:
772:Tilling-Stevens
760:
739:
719:Daimler Company
707:
705:Daimler Company
695:connecting rods
637:Rudyard Kipling
605:
533:
497:
438:
433:
360:Field Broughton
279:
196:
174:
146:
141:Elsa Lanchester
83:
78:
74:
65:
62:
61:23 October 1868
56:
54:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2663:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2568:
2567:
2558:
2545:
2544:External links
2542:
2538:
2537:
2527:
2517:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2471:
2449:
2428:
2416:
2360:
2329:
2308:"Contra-Props"
2298:
2272:
2259:
2246:
2220:
2213:
2195:
2169:
2143:
2109:
2074:
2047:
2021:
1990:
1964:
1949:
1923:
1905:
1879:
1863:
1846:
1844:, p. 761.
1831:
1817:
1792:
1767:
1755:
1724:
1722:, 8 April 1886
1712:
1700:
1670:
1645:
1629:
1608:
1593:
1567:
1534:
1511:
1491:
1461:
1415:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1304:
1301:
1289:
1286:
1271:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1229:
1219:
1208:
1197:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1169:
1167:
1161:
1154:
1097:
1094:
1053:
1050:
1037:
1034:
1026:straight eight
1013:
1010:
956:
953:
910:Ludwig Prandtl
854:
851:
800:
797:
783:
780:
759:
756:
738:
735:
706:
703:
679:fuel injection
657:viscous clutch
604:
601:
558:de Dion-Bouton
544:(years before
532:
529:
496:
495:Petrol engines
493:
437:
434:
432:
429:
283:St John's Wood
278:
275:
202:
201:
198:
197:
195:
194:
189:
182:
180:
176:
175:
173:
172:
167:
161:
159:
155:
154:
148:
147:
145:
144:
138:
132:
126:
119:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
77:(aged 77)
71:
67:
66:
63:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2662:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2459:
2453:
2446:
2442:
2441:Newman, J. R.
2438:
2432:
2425:
2420:
2405:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2380:(3988): 432.
2379:
2375:
2371:
2364:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2333:
2318:(1720): 418–9
2317:
2313:
2309:
2302:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2269:
2263:
2256:
2250:
2231:
2224:
2216:
2214:1-84176-689-5
2210:
2206:
2199:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2139:
2133:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2106:
2103:) 4-cylinder
2102:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2062:
2058:
2051:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1961:
1959:
1953:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1860:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1827:
1821:
1806:
1805:Grace's Guide
1802:
1796:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1764:
1759:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1721:
1716:
1709:
1704:
1689:
1688:Grace's Guide
1685:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1659:
1658:Grace's Guide
1655:
1649:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1626:
1625:G.N. Georgano
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1605:
1602:
1601:G.N. Georgano
1597:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1555:
1551:
1544:
1538:
1522:
1515:
1509:
1508:0-905949-47-1
1505:
1501:
1495:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1457:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1331:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1102:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
990:United States
986:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
967:
962:
952:
950:
945:
943:
938:
935:
931:
930:H. H. Asquith
926:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
886:Aerial Flight
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
867:herring gulls
864:
860:
850:
848:
843:
838:
836:
832:
828:
827:Little Willie
824:
819:
818:cylinder head
815:
814:Harry Ricardo
811:
807:
796:
794:
789:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
755:
752:
748:
747:Knight engine
744:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
711:
702:
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:turbochargers
680:
676:
675:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
633:
631:
627:
623:
618:
614:
610:
600:
598:
593:
591:
587:
582:
577:
575:
571:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
509:
507:
503:
492:
490:
486:
481:
479:
474:
472:
468:
467:poppet valves
462:
460:
456:
451:
447:
443:
428:
424:
417:
413:
409:
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
382:
380:
376:
375:Royal Society
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
349:isometrograph
346:
345:Patent Office
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
274:
272:
268:
267:Harry Ricardo
264:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
238:
234:
230:
226:
223:
217:
213:
208:
199:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
181:
177:
171:
168:
166:
163:
162:
160:
156:
153:
149:
142:
139:
136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
118:
114:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
82:
72:
68:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2553:
2539:
2531:
2521:
2511:
2489:. Retrieved
2483:
2474:
2462:. Retrieved
2452:
2447:, 2138-2157.
2436:
2431:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2377:
2373:
2363:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2320:. Retrieved
2315:
2311:
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2008:the original
2004:Transmission
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1430:
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1348:Napier Sabre
1336:poppet valve
1330:
1300:, N. London.
1274:
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1202:
1191:
1163:Green plaque
1138:An open-air
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1039:
1022:overhead cam
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914:Aerodonetics
913:
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785:
768:Henri Pieper
761:
751:sleeve-valve
740:
731:Dewar Trophy
716:
699:
691:piston rings
671:
665:
634:
606:
594:
578:
566:
549:
534:
521:Warwickshire
513:paddle wheel
510:
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399:
383:
372:
353:
342:
315:
280:
260:
252:aerodynamics
221:
220:
170:Aerodynamics
151:
75:(1946-03-08)
73:8 March 1946
29:
2585:1946 deaths
2580:1868 births
1801:"BSA: Cars"
1340:Mark V tank
1283:Gun Quarter
1148:Tim Tolkien
1018:Rolls-Royce
966:Engineering
961:World War I
859:aeronautics
853:Aeronautics
835:World War I
641:Henry Royce
626:disc brakes
562:Léon Bollée
538:crankshafts
506:carburettor
436:Gas engines
326:Southampton
303:suffragette
271:Henry Royce
263:car company
88:Nationality
2574:Categories
2491:29 January
2105:straight-4
2101:RAC rating
1485:. London:
1458:required.)
1446:24 January
1042:James Watt
649:straight-6
617:worm drive
613:Birmingham
609:Sparkbrook
586:cantilever
581:Birmingham
570:driveshaft
554:Rudolf Egg
546:Henry Ford
450:Birmingham
364:Lancashire
330:Kensington
98:Occupation
81:Birmingham
57:1868-10-23
2480:"History"
2291:26 August
2268:The Times
2255:The Times
2132:cite book
1875:The Times
1583:The Motor
1523:. Bonhams
1362:Citations
1140:sculpture
1128:in 1992.
1096:Memorials
1064:Library,
994:logistics
992:to study
764:dynamotor
693:, hollow
574:live axle
408:in 1945.
277:Biography
229:Hon FRAeS
214:1927, at
131:(brother)
125:(brother)
116:Relatives
2120:(1931).
2014:20 March
1590:: 38–39.
1350:and the
1323:in 1930.
1312:BSA cars
1306:In 1906
1114:Coventry
1084:and the
1052:Archives
928:In 1909
894:vortices
871:aerofoil
863:Atlantic
743:Coventry
668:bankrupt
338:Finsbury
318:Brighton
244:engineer
240:polymath
137:(sister)
101:Engineer
2409:5 April
2404:4074568
2382:Bibcode
2322:5 April
2239:5 April
2188:3 April
2162:6 April
2107:engine.
2093:4 April
2067:1 April
2040:4 April
1983:4 April
1942:4 April
1898:4 April
1810:4 April
1785:4 April
1747:4 April
1693:4 April
1663:4 April
1627:, p.22.
1560:5 April
1527:5 April
1316:Daimler
1298:Enfield
922:phugoid
833:during
810:Lincoln
758:KPL bus
687:pistons
590:Phaeton
502:benzene
459:royalty
446:Saltley
368:Moseley
250:and to
237:English
143:(niece)
92:English
2555:Flight
2536:284 pp
2526:315 pp
2516:279 pp
2464:6 June
2402:
2374:Flight
2312:Flight
2211:
1506:
1452:
1410:768769
1408:
1346:, the
1142:, the
1072:, the
1068:, the
1060:, the
1036:Legacy
1000:(OR) (
630:clutch
622:tiller
525:Oxford
489:dynamo
287:London
188:(1931)
179:Awards
106:Parent
2400:S2CID
2233:(PDF)
1546:(PDF)
1406:JSTOR
1242:Notes
898:wings
517:Olton
324:, in
2493:2008
2466:2019
2411:2016
2324:2016
2293:2008
2241:2016
2209:ISBN
2190:2016
2164:2016
2138:link
2095:2016
2069:2016
2042:2016
2016:2016
1985:2016
1944:2016
1900:2016
1812:2016
1787:2016
1749:2016
1695:2016
1665:2016
1588:3463
1562:2016
1529:2016
1504:ISBN
1448:2016
906:drag
904:and
902:lift
672:The
531:Cars
431:Work
269:and
242:and
70:Died
51:Born
2563:at
2390:doi
2378:157
2351:doi
2347:198
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1396:doi
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