273:
446:
286:
1559:
25:
1720:
669:
93:
2555:
2806:
569:
Soon after the fall of France, Free France was but a government in exile based in
England, with no land of its own to speak of and very few land or sea forces. In an attempt to establish his authority on an important French territory, General de Gaulle attempted to rally
442:, her crew showing little inclination to side with the British in their continued fight against the Nazis. Already obsolete at the start of the war, she would remain in Martinique for the next four years, her aircraft rusting in the tropical climate.
378:, which had sought refuge in Portsmouth in June 1940 following the German invasion of France, resisted the British operation. In capturing the submarine, two British officers and one French sailor were killed. Other ships were the two obsolete
1263:
776:
434:, en route from the United States loaded with a precious cargo of American fighter and bomber aircraft. Unwilling to return to occupied France, but likewise reluctant to join de Gaulle,
3336:
3255:
770:
3372:
552:
715:
855:
was transferred to the
Pacific theatre of the war, where in February 1942 it took part in the evacuation of European and Chinese civilians and military personnel from
759:
3291:
1412:
Cornic, Jacques (1987). "Sous La Croix de
Lorraine (Under the Cross of Lorraine): The FNFL (Forces Navales Francaises Libres) 1940–1943 (Free French Naval Forces)".
742:
3354:
2198:
2193:
2046:
348:
The French fleet was widely dispersed. Some vessels were in port in France; others had escaped from France to
British controlled ports, mainly in Britain itself or
3733:
3476:
3246:
488:
Civilian vessels and crew also rallied to de Gaulle, starting with four cargo ships in
Gibraltar - they would be the beginning of the merchant fleet of the FNFL.
3469:
3064:
2950:
2939:
2087:
272:
2153:
2295:
2500:
2262:
2203:
2651:
445:
285:
2794:
2148:
3769:
3105:
1017:
2693:
1525:
3717:
3662:
2787:
2521:
2479:
1547:
1239:
329:, or FNFL). On 24 June 1940, de Gaulle made a separate call specifically to servicemen overseas to join him, and two days later the submarine
3577:
3082:
2418:
1831:
1281:
200:
1494:
3774:
3514:
3234:
2543:
1617:
304:
3759:
2686:
1359:
3725:
2658:
1676:
582:
force had been sent by Vichy France to reclaim
African territories which had already announced their support to De Gaulle (notably
3345:
649:
2766:
1821:
3644:
1520:
1811:
871:
was later stationed along the east coast of
Australia, where in early 1943 it was involved in the rescue of the survivors from
1113:
2729:
2444:
1286:
1010:
921:. The aqua-lung became a major improvement for commando operations. However, Jacques Cousteau joined the FNFL only after the
144:
3680:
3113:
3074:
2911:
2745:
1896:
1251:
3702:
449:
Plaque on
Stafford Mansions, the headquarters of the Free French Naval Forces between 1940 and 1945 in Westminster, London
3020:
1944:
3764:
3609:
3309:
3037:
2773:
2398:
1540:
164:
3797:
2780:
1826:
1475:
925:. He had spent the entirety of the war in France and developed the aqua-lung in Paris during the German occupation.
68:
46:
2431:
1594:
1589:
1555:
39:
3549:
3167:
1778:
1003:
526:
A number of ships were leased from the
British to compensate for the lack of warships in the FNFL, among them, the
388:
3029:
1584:
429:
2551:
2536:
2388:
1652:
1579:
736:
531:
413:
3065:
3207:
2344:
2250:
1697:
1692:
1687:
961:
727:
628:
622:
397:
226:
159:
3222:
3710:
3535:
3214:
2994:
2985:
2679:
2403:
1666:
1647:
1533:
508:
504:
419:
123:
92:
1376:
428:
and formed the nucleus of the Free French Naval Forces France's surrender found her only aircraft carrier,
2495:
2490:
1276:
864:
634:
616:
424:) and a number of other smaller vessels. 3,600 sailors operating 50 ships around the world joined with the
2461:
3802:
3694:
2977:
2644:
2630:
2349:
2240:
1660:
598:
403:
290:
3754:
3542:
2960:
2951:
2609:
2529:
2051:
1880:
1783:
1203:
1060:
594:
invasion of North Africa in
November 1942, French West Africa also eventually joined the Free French.
333:
entered Malta and pledged its allegiance to the FFL. On 30 June, De Gaulle was joined by Vice-Admiral
2759:
1816:
1709:
1215:
1106:
179:
3327:
3282:
590:
ended on a Vichyite victory. However, after the occupation of Vichy France by the Germans after the
3637:
3570:
3363:
2904:
2897:
2700:
2510:
2285:
1682:
1198:
692:
373:
33:
3054:
3045:
3300:
2968:
2846:
2393:
2173:
2066:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1612:
1309:
1174:
1118:
883:
748:
382:
3273:
3143:
3521:
3427:
3406:
2860:
2839:
2832:
2752:
2485:
2449:
2219:
2056:
2000:
1806:
1671:
1627:
1157:
1133:
933:
The merchant fleet of the FNFL suffered heavy casualties, amounting to one quarter of its men.
607:
591:
543:
50:
1465:
1453:
Martin Thomas, "After Mers-el-Kebir: The Armed Neutrality of the Vichy French Navy, 1940-43,"
1310:
The Mediterranean & Middle East, Volume I: The Early Successes against Italy (to May 1941)
3413:
3191:
2665:
2424:
2408:
1574:
906:
872:
537:
518:
514:
2082:
1968:
1123:
3556:
3503:
3184:
2881:
2672:
2595:
2359:
2139:
2118:
2113:
1841:
1763:
1563:
1356:
1072:
922:
816:
681:
527:
1925:
1227:
8:
3673:
3623:
3563:
3177:
2623:
2581:
2574:
2413:
2383:
2257:
2183:
2178:
2163:
2158:
2108:
2026:
1179:
1145:
833:
345:. Muselier was the only flag officer of the French Navy to answer the call of De Gaulle.
2061:
3616:
3434:
3393:
3264:
3158:
3129:
2928:
2707:
2588:
2466:
2036:
2021:
2016:
1984:
1753:
1191:
1138:
852:
571:
357:
321:
316:
258:
219:
169:
3136:
3002:
2188:
154:
3595:
3528:
3198:
2805:
2736:
2718:
2562:
2455:
2229:
2224:
2168:
1963:
1920:
1768:
1748:
1738:
1704:
1622:
1471:
1442:
1421:
1305:
1232:
1186:
1167:
1162:
1089:
829:
686:
668:
653:
500:
312:
308:
3121:
3011:
334:
266:
149:
3687:
2888:
2874:
2637:
2616:
2602:
2338:
2314:
2280:
2234:
2128:
2123:
1788:
1773:
1502:
1152:
1101:
1067:
801:
697:
262:
174:
128:
3318:
1719:
1340:
3485:
3462:
3441:
3381:
2092:
2031:
1915:
1861:
1363:
1082:
1055:
1050:
1045:
940:
837:
597:
When it did, important ships based in Dakar were obtained: the modern battleship
587:
578:
with a British fleet which included a few Free French units; at the same time, a
244:
3090:
2306:
2041:
1955:
1936:
1907:
1872:
1853:
184:
2354:
2134:
3791:
3748:
3651:
2920:
2290:
1446:
1425:
1210:
1128:
1077:
946:
860:
613:
604:
478:
212:
3630:
3492:
3455:
3448:
2320:
2245:
1758:
1512:
492:
409:
3602:
3420:
2825:
2816:
2554:
2505:
2438:
1743:
1558:
1027:
967:
914:
797:
722:
684:
took place. The FNFL took part in both the naval side of the operations,
503:, and a cocarde also featuring the Cross of Lorraine for aircraft of the
342:
104:
995:
3097:
1341:"La marine marchande de la France libre – Fondation de la France Libre"
766:
755:
707:
558:
496:
439:
425:
379:
365:
349:
1507:
1458:
950:
937:
910:
793:
482:
394:
369:
338:
978:
656:, became an inspiring symbol when he was arrested, tortured by the
540:
361:
296:
465:, departed from Plymouth. Towards the end of 1940, the destroyers
368:
were simply boarded on the night of 3 July 1940. The then-largest
325:, or FFL), including a naval arm, the "Free French Naval Forces" (
1380:
879:
703:
The ships of the FNFL were deployed off the landing sites :
657:
579:
700:, climbing cliffs under fire to destroy German shore batteries.
1508:"HONOR, UNITY, SALVATION" -- FLAGS & ENSIGNS OF FREE FRANCE
840:. On 14 July, she ferried General Charles de Gaulle to France.
918:
856:
575:
485:. The ship saw action in both the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
462:
353:
1433:
Robinson, Richard (1988). "Re: Sous La Croix de Lorraine".
905:
The FNFL also harboured technical innovators, like Captain
583:
551:
The FNFL suffered their first loss when the patrol boat
822:
provided fire support for the infantry until 10 June.
690:, and the landing itself, with the Naval Commandos (
1463:
481:and spent the rest of the war based there and in
16:Maritime warfare branch of the Free French Forces
3789:
643:
633:, and a few destroyers, including cruiser-sized
495:forces, Vice-Admiral Émile Muselier created the
499:flag displaying the French colours with a red
2537:
1541:
1282:List of ships of the Free French Naval Forces
1011:
220:
936:A number of warships were lost, notably the
836:. The next day, she started patrolling the
663:
453:As soon as the summer 1940, the submarines
2544:
2530:
1548:
1534:
1018:
1004:
561:and sank on 7 November 1940 off Plymouth.
227:
213:
1315:
1025:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1432:
900:
667:
444:
289:General De Gaulle inspecting sailors on
284:
271:
32:This article includes a list of general
2767:French Committee of National Liberation
1822:French Committee of National Liberation
3790:
1812:French Civil and Military High Command
1411:
3083:Organisation de résistance de l'armée
2730:Charles de Gaulle during World War II
2525:
1529:
1287:List of Escorteurs of the French Navy
999:
2746:Departmental Committee of Liberation
1897:Capture of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
1513:Free French Naval Forces (1940-1944)
1467:World War II at Sea: An Encyclopedia
788:In addition the obsolete battleship
360:, the ships in the British ports of
327:Les Forces Navales Françaises Libres
18:
949:incident. Other losses include the
13:
2804:
2774:National Council of the Resistance
1718:
1398:
1299:
520:Forces Aériennes Françaises Libres
91:
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3814:
3726:Musée de l'Ordre de la Libération
3703:MĂ©morial de la France combattante
2781:Provisional Consultative Assembly
1827:Provisional Consultative Assembly
1485:
491:To distinguish the FNFL from the
265:. They were commanded by Admiral
3168:Organisation civile et militaire
2553:
1557:
1404:Paul Auphan and Jacques Mordal,
897:for a day, but without success.
250:Forces Navales Françaises Libres
23:
1406:The French Navy in World War II
1321:Axelrod & Kingston, p. 362.
863:before an anticipated Japanese
800:to serve as a breakwater for a
1369:
1347:
1333:
1324:
843:
1:
3711:Museum of National Resistance
2995:French Forces of the Interior
2501:Mediterranean and Middle East
2404:End of World War II in Europe
1667:French Forces of the Interior
1470:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 281–84.
1292:
644:Role in the French Resistance
505:Free French Naval Air Service
124:Free French Naval Air Service
1277:List of submarines of France
815:, along with the battleship
257:) were the naval arm of the
7:
3775:Righteous Among the Nations
3223:Union des femmes françaises
2978:Francs-Tireurs et Partisans
1661:Francs-Tireurs et Partisans
991:
680:In the summer of 1944, the
160:Georges Thierry d'Argenlieu
10:
3819:
3215:Housewives' demonstrations
2052:Oradour-sur-Glane massacre
1784:Jean de Lattre de Tassigny
1677:French Expeditionary Corps
1464:Spencer C. Tucker (2011).
909:, who invented the modern
672:Free French light cruiser
510:Aéronavale Française Libre
438:instead sought harbour in
280:
3743:
3661:
3587:
3502:
3392:
3233:
2938:
2815:
2802:
2760:French National Committee
2717:
2569:
2475:
2445:1946 legislative election
2374:
2331:
2304:
2271:
2212:
2101:
2075:
2009:
1993:
1977:
1953:
1934:
1905:
1889:
1870:
1851:
1840:
1817:French National Committee
1797:
1729:
1716:
1710:French Forces of the West
1603:
1570:
1457:(1997) 112#447 pp 643–70
1455:English Historical Review
1366:on ordredelaliberation.fr
1252:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
1036:
928:
574:by personally sailing to
564:
165:Honoré d'Estienne d'Orves
3798:Free French Naval Forces
3638:Marie-Madeleine Fourcade
3571:Liberation of Strasbourg
2986:FTP–Foreign Labour Force
2905:Companions of Liberation
2898:1st Free French Division
2462:Trial of Philippe PĂ©tain
2389:1945 municipal elections
2286:Liberation of Strasbourg
1521:LA MARINE MARCHANDE FNFL
884:Japanese submarine
664:D-Day: Operation Neptune
356:. At the first stage of
322:Forces Françaises Libres
241:Free French Naval Forces
119:Free French Naval Forces
96:Naval Ensign of the FNFL
2179:Liberation of Marseille
851:, under the command of
652:attempted to unite the
276:FNFL recruitment poster
53:more precise citations.
3770:Networks and movements
3734:Free France Foundation
3695:Medal of the Righteous
3578:Provisional Government
3522:French Liberation Army
3428:Empire Defense Council
3407:Brazzaville Conference
3328:Les Lettres Françaises
3283:Les Éditions de Minuit
2861:French Liberation Army
2809:
2753:Empire Defense Council
2419:Provisional Government
2083:Liberation of Saint-LĂ´
2057:Maquis de Saint-Marcel
2037:Liberation of Limousin
2001:Battle of Mont Mouchet
1985:Liberation of Limousin
1881:Syria–Lebanon campaign
1832:Provisional Government
1807:Empire Defense Council
1723:
1672:French Liberation Army
1040:Africa and Middle East
878:, which was sunk by a
677:
450:
300:
277:
248:
180:Hubert Amyot D'Inville
97:
3718:Museums and memorials
3414:Brazzaville manifesto
3055:Ceux de la RĂ©sistance
3046:Ceux de la Libération
2808:
2409:Victory in Europe Day
2088:Battle of Mont Gargan
1945:Liberation of Corsica
1722:
1698:4th Moroccan Mountain
1693:3rd Algerian Infantry
1688:2nd Moroccan Infantry
1495:charles-de-gaulle.org
1435:Warship International
1414:Warship International
1222:Indian Ocean and Asia
945:, possibly sunk in a
917:, who helped perfect
907:Jacques-Yves Cousteau
901:Technical innovations
671:
515:Free French Air Force
448:
288:
275:
95:
3557:Liberation of France
3274:DĂ©fense de la France
3144:Confrérie Notre-Dame
2394:Advance to the Rhine
2199:Battle of Montélimar
2194:Liberation of Guéret
2174:Liberation of Toulon
2047:Liberation of Guéret
1764:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1564:Liberation of France
1330:Hastings, Max, p. 74
923:liberation of France
889:. After the rescue,
682:Invasion of Normandy
676:photographed in 1943
337:, who had come from
3674:Order of Liberation
3624:Charles Delestraint
3564:Liberation of Paris
3373:La Vérité française
3364:Témoignage chrétien
2399:Invasion of Germany
2263:Battle of Meximieux
2258:Battle of Arracourt
2220:Liberation of Nancy
2184:Liberation of Paris
2164:Battle of La Ciotat
2159:Battle of Port Cros
2124:Liberation of Brest
2109:Battle for Brittany
2027:Battle of Cherbourg
834:Courseulles-sur-Mer
781:; and torpedo boat
412:, five submarines (
303:In the wake of the
3803:Free French Forces
3617:Pierre Brossolette
3435:Free French Africa
2929:Free French Africa
2833:Free French Forces
2810:
2467:Klaus Barbie trial
2204:Liberation of Nice
2022:Battle of Carentan
2017:Operation Overlord
1754:Bernard Montgomery
1724:
1362:2014-01-12 at the
893:then searched for
853:Philippe Auboyneau
678:
650:d'Estienne d'Orves
572:French West Africa
461:, as well as four
451:
358:Operation Catapult
317:Free French Forces
301:
278:
259:Free French Forces
170:Philippe Auboyneau
98:
3785:
3784:
3755:French Resistance
3610:Emmanuel d'Astier
3596:Charles de Gaulle
3543:General de Lattre
3515:Kieffer commandos
3337:Libération (nord)
2737:Appeal of 18 June
2563:French Resistance
2519:
2518:
2456:Trente Glorieuses
2432:Épuration sauvage
2370:
2369:
2230:Operation Undergo
2225:Operation Astonia
2169:Provence landings
1969:Battle of Glières
1964:Battle of Vercors
1926:Battle of RĂ©union
1921:Tunisian campaign
1769:Raymond O. Barton
1749:Winston Churchill
1739:Charles de Gaulle
1272:
1271:
1264:Wallis and Futuna
830:coastal artillery
687:Operation Neptune
654:French Resistance
586:). The resulting
501:Cross of Lorraine
313:Charles de Gaulle
309:Appeal of 18 June
237:
236:
201:Ships of the FNFL
145:Charles de Gaulle
79:
78:
71:
3810:
3736:
3729:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3697:
3690:
3688:Resistance Medal
3683:
3676:
3654:
3647:
3645:Jean-Pierre LĂ©vy
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3524:
3517:
3495:
3488:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3463:March battalions
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3385:
3376:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3346:Libération (sud)
3340:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3304:
3295:
3286:
3277:
3268:
3259:
3250:
3226:
3217:
3210:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3116:
3109:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3077:
3070:
3067:
3058:
3049:
3040:
3033:
3030:Musée de l'Homme
3024:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2956:
2953:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2739:
2732:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2523:
2522:
2425:Épuration légale
2377:
2339:Atlantic pockets
2315:Atlantic pockets
2281:Battle of Alsace
2235:Atlantic pockets
2129:Atlantic pockets
2067:Battle of Ushant
2062:Maquis de Saffré
1849:
1848:
1800:
1789:Philippe Kieffer
1779:Philippe Leclerc
1774:George S. Patton
1732:
1618:Commando Kieffer
1606:
1562:
1561:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1527:
1526:
1519:
1501:
1493:
1481:
1450:
1429:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1379:. Archived from
1377:"LA COMBATTANTE"
1373:
1367:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1313:
1303:
1031:
1020:
1013:
1006:
997:
996:
960:; the submarine
828:silenced German
802:Mulberry harbour
778:Estienne d'Orves
698:Philippe Kieffer
693:Commandos Marine
263:Second World War
229:
222:
215:
175:Philippe Kieffer
129:Commandos Marine
103:Naval forces of
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
3818:
3817:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3739:
3732:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3550:General Leclerc
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
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1383:on 2012-02-06
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3493:Ubangi-Shari
3456:French Gabon
3449:French Congo
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2384:End of Vichy
1759:Henri Giraud
1659:
1492:(in English)
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1420:(1): 35–43.
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1385:. Retrieved
1381:the original
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1158:Saint-Marcel
1139:
1134:Mont Mouchet
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710:: corvettes
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640:destroyers.
636:Le Fantasque
635:
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315:founded the
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299:in June 1942
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84:
65:
59:October 2012
56:
37:
3663:Museums and
3603:Jean Moulin
3421:French Chad
3235:Underground
3178:Jade-Amicol
2826:Free France
2817:Free France
2721:and control
2617:Netherlands
2439:Tripartisme
2414:Victory Day
2350:La Rochelle
2241:La Rochelle
1744:Jean Moulin
1705:Second Army
1679:Divisions:
1648:1st Armored
1590:Netherlands
1518:(in French)
1500:(in French)
1357:Paul Vibert
1354:(in French)
1028:Free French
915:Yves Rocard
875:Iron Knight
844:Pacific War
798:Arromanches
775:; corvette
758:: corvette
735:; frigates
725:: cruisers
723:Omaha Beach
477:sailed for
380:battleships
343:flying boat
261:during the
105:Free France
51:introducing
3792:Categories
3681:Companions
3504:Liberation
3355:RĂ©sistance
3319:L'Humanité
3247:Bir-Hakeim
3130:Mithridate
3106:CdL Cinéma
3098:Comet Line
2942:operations
2882:Bir Hakeim
2708:Yugoslavia
2666:Luxembourg
2274:March 1945
2272:Nov 1944 -
2119:Saint-Malo
1978:March 1944
1623:First Army
1585:Luxembourg
1441:(2): 116.
1387:2007-03-12
1293:References
1199:Strasbourg
1180:Marseilles
1073:Bir Hakeim
977:, and the
951:destroyers
891:Triomphant
869:Triomphant
849:Triomphant
772:DĂ©couverte
769:: frigate
767:Juno Beach
756:Gold Beach
708:Utah Beach
530:destroyer
528:Hunt-class
513:) and the
473:followed.
440:Martinique
426:Royal Navy
395:destroyers
366:Portsmouth
350:Alexandria
111:Components
34:references
3665:Memorials
3506:of France
2952:Movements
2840:Air Force
2673:Macedonia
2659:Lithuania
2376:Aftermath
2213:Sept 1944
2076:July 1944
1447:0043-0374
1426:0043-0374
1240:Indochina
1030:campaigns
979:corvettes
938:submarine
911:aqua-lung
817:USS
717:Renoncule
600:Richelieu
483:Australia
370:submarine
339:Gibraltar
305:Armistice
3529:1st Army
3292:L'Espoir
3256:Bulletin
3137:Morhange
3075:Alliance
3066:Networks
2940:Domestic
2719:Creation
2701:Slovakia
2596:Bulgaria
2486:Atlantic
2332:May 1945
2154:Égletons
2102:Aug 1944
2010:Jun 1944
1994:May 1944
1890:Dec 1941
1844:campaign
1459:in JSTOR
1360:Archived
1306:Playfair
1205:Nordwind
1192:Dompaire
1187:Lorraine
1140:Overlord
1062:Exporter
992:See also
873:SS
865:invasion
819:Arkansas
813:Montcalm
794:scuttled
761:Surprise
744:Aventure
733:Montcalm
674:Montcalm
648:Captain
624:Montcalm
541:corvette
536:and the
408:, eight
362:Plymouth
307:and the
297:Greenock
3765:Members
3588:Leaders
3199:Vercors
3152:Others:
2908:
2869:Battles
2694:Romania
2631:Germany
2624:Estonia
2610:Denmark
2589:Belgium
2582:Austria
2575:Albania
2506:Pacific
2355:Lorient
2345:Dunkirk
2251:Dunkirk
2135:Lorient
1731:Leaders
1575:Belgium
1258:Oceania
1234:Crimson
1228:RĂ©union
1169:Dragoon
1163:Vercors
1124:Glières
1114:Corsica
1090:Tunisia
975:Vikings
971:Poulmic
954:LĂ©opard
942:Surcouf
880:torpedo
790:Courbet
750:Roselys
658:Gestapo
609:Suffren
580:cruiser
554:Poulmic
493:Vichist
471:LĂ©opard
455:Minerve
415:Minerve
405:LĂ©opard
390:Courbet
375:Surcouf
292:LĂ©opard
281:History
47:improve
3749:Portal
3536:2nd DB
3477:Second
3398:Africa
3396:French
3265:Combat
3192:Maquis
3091:Brutus
2961:Combat
2889:Gazala
2875:Koufra
2687:Poland
2680:Norway
2652:Latvia
2638:Greece
2296:Bitche
2149:Lioran
2114:Rennes
1842:French
1605:Forces
1595:Norway
1474:
1445:
1424:
1408:(1976)
1312:p. 137
1175:Toulon
1096:Europe
986:Alysse
982:Mimosa
966:; the
963:Narval
929:Losses
913:, and
712:Aconit
638:-class
618:Gloire
603:, the
592:Allied
565:Africa
557:hit a
545:Aconit
463:avisos
393:, the
331:Narval
245:French
137:People
36:, but
3760:Films
3470:First
3237:media
3208:Women
2645:Italy
2603:Czech
2321:Royan
2246:Royan
1935:Sept
1580:Italy
1146:Paris
1108:Husky
1084:Torch
1068:Kufra
1056:Keren
1051:Gabon
1046:Dakar
919:radar
857:Nauru
576:Dakar
459:Junon
436:BĂ©arn
431:BĂ©arn
421:Junon
384:Paris
354:Egypt
253:, or
193:Ships
3394:Free
2912:List
2854:Navy
2795:DGER
2788:BCRA
2307:1945
2305:Apr
1956:1944
1954:Jan
1937:1943
1908:1942
1906:Nov
1873:1941
1871:Jun
1854:1940
1852:Nov
1503:FNFL
1472:ISBN
1443:ISSN
1422:ISSN
1418:XXIV
1216:Alps
1153:Elba
984:and
973:and
956:and
895:I-21
886:I-21
859:and
811:and
796:off
792:was
741:and
731:and
714:and
584:Chad
559:mine
469:and
457:and
402:and
387:and
364:and
255:FNFL
239:The
85:FNFL
3122:Fer
3114:CLD
1643:5th
1638:4th
1439:XXV
1129:Ist
832:of
523:).
497:bow
352:in
341:by
295:at
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