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maintained a comprehensive internal service. It was the first Indian news agency which organised and maintained an effective world news service to the press of India during the years 1932–35". Shrivastava notes that, despite
Sadanand's own description, the venture was not a success and was not in fact supported by the press of India, however worthy his aims may have been. Sadanand was an affluent man and could afford to take risks, which was evidenced by his agency frequently forfeiting security deposits in acts of defiance, but the combined effects of a lack of general support, the opposition of the government of the British Raj and the vested interests of established news media caused it to close in 1935.
285:
32:
482:, by circulating a news story, on the day after independence of India, that revealed unauthorised details of military movements. Patel thereafter denied FPI the facilities that it needed in order to operate. Sadanand had hoped to resurrect the venture once more when the new government of the now-independent India had settled into place but in fact the FPI was not revived. Sadanand was one of the seven initial shareholders of the
204:. It was the first news agency owned and managed by Indians. Beset by dubious business acumen from the outset, and beholden to those who financed it, the agency failed to obtain substantial support from Indian-owned press and hence closed down in 1935. It was revived briefly between 1945 and 1947 before being stifled by the government of the newly independent country. It was at various times a supporter of the
362:, foresaw a much longer period of subsidy being required, as well as little chance of success because there were neither sufficient newspapers in print to justify another agency nor means to prevent the existing agencies from temporarily engaging in a price war to see off the new business. J. K. Singh was later to describe him as a great journalist but a poor business manager and a "sad failure".
338:(API), which began functioning in 1905 and was owned by Britishers. K. M. Shrivastava, a professor of news agency journalism, notes that Sadanand's account of the origins is one of several differing versions. Milton Israel notes late 1924, but also an announcement of the FPI office opening that was published by
404:
Sadanand was already aware of the constraints acting on the press as a result of the repressive laws of the
British Empire. Newspapers could not carry factual reports of what Shrivastava calls "official excesses" even though FPI supplied them. To counteract this problem, he started his own newspaper,
399:
It was clear from the beginning that the long term future of the FPI was going to be
Sadanand's problem; and the willingness of his affluent backers to continue more than marginal philanthropy would depend on his success in becoming a stable competitor in the professional press world. They were never
337:
The Free Press of India (FPI) was the first news agency in the country to be both owned and managed by
Indians. Sadanand said that he had planned its creation in 1923 and that it was actually established in 1925. On the other hand, the First news agency in India was the Associated Press Of India
374:
and P. Thakurdas. Israel writes that the FPI since its establishment "had been run by a coalition of Bombay industrialists and journalists". A primary stimulus in the formation and growth of the nationalist-supporting FPI was probably the "rupee ratio" debate that pitted the colonial government
437:
The potential of the FPI as a new competitor was sufficient to cause the management at
Reuters to institute various administrative changes in order to meet the perceived challenge. Sadanand claimed that the FPI "had the support of the entire national press of India while it was functioning. It
353:
noted, was that among all the various nationalist factions there was no common "Indian viewpoint"; Israel describes the extant monopoly as "efficient, dependable, and generally accurate". Another difficulty was to be the poor financial acumen of
Sadanand, who envisaged that the FPI could be
365:
Although Petit served briefly on the board of directors, he refused to invest. Others did provide funds and the FPI became beholden to its principal financial backers, being various businesses and political factions. The Swaraj Party was a major initial supporter but when one member,
348:
with his ideas and costings. His appeal noted that he proposed "An independent news agency that will collect and disseminate news with accuracy and impartiality from the Indian viewpoint a long-felt public want". One difficulty that would have to be surmounted, as the
244:
in that country, as well as from India to the international media, and vice versa. Sadanand had worked for API and left that arm of the
Reuters monopoly soon after being dismayed by government suppression of reportage concerning the
370:, who was also a director of FPI, shifted his support from that to the Responsive Cooperation movement after October 1925, so too did the FPI. Other early board members included
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The FPI was revived in 1945 and aimed then to provide feeds of international news to the Indian press, for which purpose it established correspondents in
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on 8 January 1925. Sadanand had issued an appeal in
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in March 1926, according to Milton Israel, but some sources place the date of establishment as late as 1927.
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financially self-supporting by its second year of operation. Experienced newspaper businessmen, such as
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willing, however, to underwrite the high cost that might have made it possible to achieve that goal.
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Sunday newspaper as early as 1926, due to the inability to finance it as a standalone publication.
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Communications and Power: Propaganda and the Press in the Indian
Nationalist Struggle, 1920–1947
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Communications and Power: Propaganda and the Press in the Indian
Nationalist Struggle, 1920–1947
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Communications and Power: Propaganda and the Press in the Indian Nationalist Struggle, 1920–1947
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Communications and Power: Propaganda and the Press in the Indian Nationalist Struggle, 1920–1947
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against Indian nationalists. This debate concerned whether it was better to
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Any outcome of the debate would affect business but Israel also says that
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was an Indian nationalist-supporting news agency founded in the 1920s by
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services in India. They supplied news services to the Government of the
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Role of press and Indian freedom struggle: all through the Gandhian era
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Role of press and Indian freedom struggle: all through the Gandhian era
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Role of press and Indian freedom struggle: all through the Gandhian era
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Role of press and Indian freedom struggle: all through the Gandhian era
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309: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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900:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 128–129, 134.
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A colonial economy in the Great Depression, Madras (1929–1937)
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was a short-lived affair that had become a supplement to the
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in Burma, but he held a desire to break the monopoly, as did
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934:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 131–132.
832:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 128–129.
575:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 127–128.
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lines were denied to the organisation. The FPI had angered
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470:. The revival was abandoned in 1947 when the necessary
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1035:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 132.
751:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 134.
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Western influence on Malayalam language and literature
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1171:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. 441–.
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1168:History of Modern India, 1707 A. D. to 2000 A. D
1137:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. pp. 69–70.
1069:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. pp. 68–69.
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714:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. pp. 41–44.
379:the rupee or restrict the amount of rupees in
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228:news agency and its affiliates, such as the
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1165:Radhey Shyam Chaurasia (1 January 2002).
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325:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:, as well as various business interests.
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Indian nationalist-supporting news agency
507:The Free Press of India Agency became a
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1103:. APH Publishing. pp. 139–140.
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307:adding citations to reliable sources
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54:adding citations to reliable sources
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1236:Publications disestablished in 1935
1231:Newspapers established in the 1920s
676:. Vol. 5. Vikas. p. 274.
13:
791:G.L. Mehta, A Many Splendoured Man
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1002:. Orient Blackswan. p. 125.
866:. APH Publishing. pp. 3, 5.
643:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 185.
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673:Selected works of Motilal Nehru
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294:needs additional citations for
232:(API), Eastern News Agency and
41:needs additional citations for
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220:In the three decades prior to
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1211:News agencies based in India
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269:Indian independence movement
210:Responsive Cooperation Party
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1131:Shrivastava, K. M. (2007).
1063:Shrivastava, K. M. (2007).
708:Shrivastava, K. M. (2007).
267:and others involved in the
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247:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
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670:Kumar, Ravinder (1993).
19:Not to be confused with
1097:Iyengar, A. S. (2001).
1029:Israel, Milton (1994).
962:Iyengar, A. S. (2001).
928:Israel, Milton (1994).
894:Israel, Milton (1994).
826:Israel, Milton (1994).
745:Israel, Milton (1994).
603:Iyengar, A. S. (2001).
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532:Iyengar, A. S. (2001).
637:George, K. M. (1998).
416:The Free Press Journal
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860:Singh, J. K. (2007).
788:Basu, Aparna (2001).
419:on 13 June 1930. The
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222:independence of India
65:"Free Press of India"
863:Media And Journalism
484:Press Trust of India
341:The Bombay Chronicle
303:improve this article
198:Swaminathan Sadanand
187:Swaminathan Sadanand
156:Swaminathan Sadanand
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1206:Mass media in India
411:Free Press Bulletin
409:news bulletin, the
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43:verification
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251:Independent
242:British Raj
202:British Raj
1200:Categories
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490:References
216:Background
183:Key people
165:July, 1935
138:News media
76:newspapers
519:Citations
468:Singapore
351:Chronicle
315:June 2015
275:Formation
255:Allahabad
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238:newswire
134:Industry
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83:books
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23:.
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