871:... But we're a bunch of raw materials that don't mean to be — have any process upon us. Don't mean to be made into any product! Don't mean — Don't mean to end up being bought by some clients of the University, be they the government, be they industry, be they organized labor, be they anyone! We're human beings! ... There's a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious — makes you so sick at heart — that you can't take part. You can't even passively take part. And you've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all the apparatus, and you've got to make it stop. And you've got to indicate to the people who run it, to the people who own it, that unless you're free, the machine will be prevented from working at all.
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915:), established provisional rules for political activity on the Berkeley campus. He designated the Sproul Hall steps an open discussion area during certain hours of the day and permitted information tables. This applied to the entire student political spectrum, not just the liberal elements that drove the Free Speech Movement.
1074:, the granite ring bears the inscription, "This soil and the air space extending above it shall not be a part of any nation and shall not be subject to any entity's jurisdiction." The monument makes no explicit reference to the movement, but it evokes notions of free speech and its implications through its rhetoric.
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held a symposium celebrating the opening of the Free Speech
Movement Digital Archive. Although not a formal FSM reunion, many FSM leaders were on the panels and other participants were in the audience. The 40th anniversary reunion, the first after Savio's death in 1996, was held in October 2004. It
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For the first time, disobedience tactics of the Civil Rights
Movement were brought by the Free Speech Movement to a college campus in the 1960s. Those approaches gave the students exceptional leverage to make demands of the university administrators, and build the foundation for future protests, such
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are active locations for protests and marches, as well as the ordinary daily tables with free literature. Groups of political, religious and social persuasions set up tables at Sproul Plaza. The Sproul steps, now officially known as the "Mario Savio Steps", may be reserved for a speech or rally. An
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giving the annual Mario Savio
Memorial Lecture, followed later in the week by the customary rally in Sproul Plaza and panels on civil liberties issues. A Sunday meeting was a more private event, primarily a gathering for the veterans of the movement, in remembrance of Savio and of a close FSM ally,
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The 20th anniversary reunion of the FSM was held during the first week of
October, 1984, to considerable media attention. A rally in Sproul Plaza featured FSM veterans Mario Savio, who ended a long self-imposed silence, Jack Weinberg, and Jackie Goldberg. The week continued with a series of panels
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had made it possible to photograph and broadcast moving images of protest activity. Much of this media is available today as part of the permanent collection of the
Bancroft Library at Berkeley, including iconic photographs of the protest activity by student Ron Enfield (then chief photographer for
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table. He refused to show his identification to the campus police and was arrested. There was a spontaneous movement of students to surround the police car in which he was to be transported. This was a form of civil disobedience that became a major part of the movement. The police car remained there
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The Free Speech
Movement had long-lasting effects at the Berkeley campus and was a pivotal moment for the civil liberties movement in the 1960s. It was seen as the beginning of the famous student activism that existed on the campus in the 1960s, and continues to a lesser degree today. There was a
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as a last resort in order to re-open negotiations with the administration on the subject of restrictions on political speech and action on campus. Among other grievances was the fact that four of their leaders were being singled out for punishment. The demonstration was orderly; students studied,
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The Free Speech
Monument, commemorating the movement, was created in 1991 by artist Mark Brest van Kempen. It is located, appropriately, in Sproul Plaza. The monument consists of a six-inch hole in the ground filled with soil and a granite ring surrounding it. As a sort of
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open to the public on the movement and its impact. The 30th anniversary reunion, held during the first weekend of
December 1994, was also a public event, with another Sproul Plaza rally featuring Savio, Weinberg, Goldberg, panels on the FSM, and current free speech issues.
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Most outsiders, however, identified the Free Speech
Movement as a movement of the Left. Students and others opposed to U.S. foreign policy did indeed increase their visibility on campus following the FSM's initial victory. In the spring of 1965, the FSM was followed by the
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for 32 hours, all while
Weinberg was inside it. At one point, there may have been 3,000 students around the car. The car was used as a speaker's podium and a continuous public discussion was held, which continued until the charges against Weinberg were dropped.
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announced that existing University regulations prohibiting advocacy of political causes or candidates, outside political speakers, recruitment of members, and fundraising by student organizations at the intersection of Bancroft and
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was there to lead in the singing, as well as lend moral support. "Freedom classes" were held by teaching assistants on one floor, and a special Channukah service took place in the main lobby. On the steps of Sproul Hall,
749:. To this day, the Movement's legacy continues to shape American political dialogue both on college campuses and in broader society, influencing some political views and values of college students and the general public.
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Reagan had gained political traction by campaigning on a platform that promised to "clean up the mess in Berkeley". In the minds of those involved in the backlash, a wide variety of protests, concerned citizens, and
887:. Shortly after 2 a.m. on December 4, 1964, police cordoned off the building, and at 3:30 a.m. began the arrest. Close to 800 students were arrested, most of whom were transported about 25 miles by bus to
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766:, a campus political party meaning a "slate" of candidates running on the same level –a same "slate." The students created SLATE to promote the right of student groups to support off-campus issues.
992:). A reproduction of what may be considered the most recognizable and iconic photograph of the movement, a shot of suit-clad students carrying the Free Speech banner through the University's
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on an American college campus in the 1960s. Students insisted that the university administration lift the ban of on-campus political activities and acknowledge the students' right to
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article that the group viewed the United States government to be racist and imperialist, and that the main intent after lifting Berkeley's loyalty oath was to build on the legacy of
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Ron Enfield — includes the iconic photograph of the Free Speech Movements student march through the college gates and photographs of Mario Savio, Joan Baez, Phil Ochs, and more.
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895:. They were released on their own recognizance after a few hours. About a month later, the university brought charges against the students who organized the
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785:. According to existing rules at the time, fundraising for political parties was limited exclusively to the Democratic and Republican school clubs.
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2197:
Cohen, Robert, ed. The FSM and Beyond: Berkeley Students, Protest and Social Change in the 1960s. Unpublished anthology, Berkeley, Ca.: n.d. 1994.
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Democracy and Revolution in Law and Politics: The Origin of Civil Liberties Protest Movements in Berkeley, From TASC and SLATE to FSM (1957–1965),
305:
3688:
3648:
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2022:
2463:— the UC Berkeley student political party (1958–1966) and the first of the student organizations in the rising New Left and student movements
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2100:"Taking Part: FSM and the Legacy of Social Protest," brochure published by the Bancroft Library for the April 13–14, 2001 symposium.
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2074:, September 26, 1984, pp. 12–14; and Lynn Ludlow, "The Free Speech revolutionaries, 20 years later," the first of six parts,
2070:, September 30, 1984, p. A10; Stacy E. Palmer, "Berkeley, Birthplace of 1960's Unrest, Tries to Preserve Its Activist Image,"
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California State Senator John F. McCarthy's speech 'The Situation at the Universities' to the Commonwealth Club of California
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A Report form the Center for Research and Development in Higher Education, University of California, Berkeley, December 1965.
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on-campus restaurant commemorating the event, the Mario Savio Free Speech Movement Cafe, resides in a portion of the
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After much disturbance, the University officials slowly backed down. By January 3, 1965, the new acting chancellor,
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Chancellor Roger W. Heyn's speech 'University Tradition and Social Change' to the Commonwealth Club of California
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Former Chancellor Edward Strong's speech 'What's Ahead for the University' to the Commonwealth Club of California
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in 1960 had included an iconic scene as protesters were literally washed down the steps inside the Rotunda of
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Student: What Has Been Happening at a Major University, The Political Activities of the Berkeley Students
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project, set up information tables on campus and were soliciting donations for causes connected to the
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With the participation of thousands of students, the Free Speech Movement was the first mass act of
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The Berkeley Rebellion and Beyond: Essays on Politics & Education in the Technological Society
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792:" required of faculty, which had led to dismissals and ongoing controversy over academic freedom.
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kept secret files on Kerr and Savio, and subjected their lives and careers to interference under
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February 14, 1965, pp. 24–5, 88–91. Reprinted in Miller and Gilmore, 1965, pp. 78–91.
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Charles Burress, "UC's change of heart – celebrating transformation of a pariah into an icon,"
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411:
257:
1728:"Unforgettable Change: 1960s: Free Speech Movement & The New American Left | Picture This"
1584:"Unforgettable Change: 1960s: Free Speech Movement & The New American Left | Picture This"
1433:"Unforgettable Change: 1960s: Free Speech Movement & The New American Left | Picture This"
1254:"Unforgettable Change: 1960s: Free Speech Movement & The New American Left | Picture This"
3467:
3452:
3366:
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Photos taken in Sproul Hall during the sit in, including the police take-over of the building
2121:, October 9, 2004, p. B1, B5; Meredith May, "40 years on Free Speechers talk all they want,"
1857:
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988:
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Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1994.
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The "Free Speech" Crises at Berkeley, 1964–1965: Some Issues for Social and Legal Research,
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substantial voter backlash against the individuals involved in the Free Speech Movement.
8:
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Free Speech Movement Photograph Gallery 1964–1965 by Student & Chief Photographer of
1966:"Ronald Reagan launched political career using the Berkeley campus as a political target"
1938:
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81:
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Text, Audio, Video of Mario Savio's Sproul Hall Sit-in Address delivered 2 December 1964
2113:, October 6, 2004, p. B1, B5; Charles Burress, "Celebrating 4 decades of mouthing off,"
706:. The Movement was informally under the central leadership of Berkeley graduate student
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60:
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899:, resulting in an even larger student protest that all but shut down the university.
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23:
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The Year of the Oath: The Fight for Academic Freedom at the University of California
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3402:
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2393:
2286:
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The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949–1967
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1417:
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815:
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715:
406:
343:
171:
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3007:
2997:
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2560:
Guide to the Free Speech Movement Participants Papers, 1959–1997 (bulk 1964–1972)
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1063:
978:
908:
888:
810:
803:
719:
699:
421:
244:
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1990:
1113:, chairman of a Regents' committee investigating student activities in this era.
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Wolfgang Saxon, "Reginald Zelnik, 68, Historian of Labor Movements in Russia,"
796:, a former radical who took part in the Free Speech Movement, stated in a 2014
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2010:
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2117:, October 8, 2004, p. B5; Charles Burress, "Free speech returns to Sproul,"
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Online Sound Recordings from the Free Speech Movement — UC Berkeley Library
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because of the perception that he had been too soft on the protesters. The
789:
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In the fall of 1964, student activists, some of whom had traveled with the
620:
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426:
2417:
Subversives: The FBI's War on Student Radicals, and Reagan's Rise to Power
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Subversives: The FBI's War on Student Radicals, and Reagan's Rise to Power
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1964–65 acts of civil disobedience by students of UC Berkeley, California
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Elaine Herscher, "Echoes of Free Speech Movement Heard 30 Years Later,"
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Lynn Ludlow, "Savio Breaks 20-year silence about Free Speech Movement,"
1362:
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which took place during the 1964–65 academic year on the campus of the
542:
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depicted this scene and became an organizing tool for the protesters.
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2320:
Raskin, A.H. "The Berkeley Affair: Mr. Kerr vs. Mr. Savio & Co."
880:
859:
793:
615:
572:
2498:
3587:
3251:
2303:
1131:
974:
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2171:
Freedom's Orator: Mario Savio and the Radical Legacy of the 1960s.
679:
635:
121:
2015 University of Amsterdam Bungehuis and Maagdenhuis Occupations
2710:
2464:
3572:
2205:
At Berkeley in the Sixties: Education of an Activist, 1961–1965
1126:
1041:
professor Reginald Zelnik, who had died in an accident in May.
896:
2185:
The Free Speech Movement: Reflections on Berkeley in the 1960s
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won an unexpected victory in the fall of 1966 and was elected
3171:
2460:
2372:
The Campus War: A Sympathetic Look at the University in Agony
996:
in Fall of 1964, now stands at the entrance to the college's
838:
763:
714:, Tom Miller, Michael Rossman, George Barton, Brian Turner,
3166:
1939:"Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM"
1889:"Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM"
1746:"Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM"
1653:
1602:"Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM"
1509:
1451:"Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM"
1394:
1290:
1179:
3493:
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
3331:
1324:"Who Was Mario? :: Mario Savio Memorial Lecture Fund"
1143:
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
853:
On December 2, between 1,500 and 4,000 students went into
2279:, 2 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.
2493:
1984:
1982:
1686:
1542:
1212:
1053:
Free Speech Monument, Sproul Plaza, Berkeley, California
2485:— extensive history at the Barrington Collective's Wiki
2187:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002.
1102:, associated with the FSM and other events in the 1960s
2598:
2499:
Free Speech Movement Digital Archives from UC Berkeley
2291:
The Berkeley Student Revolt: Facts and Interpretations
1853:"'Berkeley in the Sixties' aims to affect the present"
1809:"Hearing echoes of Berkeley in student activism today"
1765:"'Berkeley in the Sixties' aims to affect the present"
1646:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary"
1621:"'Berkeley in the Sixties' aims to affect the present"
1502:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary"
1387:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary"
1283:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary"
1172:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary"
1979:
875:
At midnight, Alameda County deputy district attorney
2232:
The Free Speech Movement: Coming of Age in the 1960s
1081:
2265:Katope, Christopher G., and Paul G. Zolbrod, eds.
2166:Ph.D. Dissertation, Dept. of History, UCLA, 1980.
1991:"Free Speech Movement Archival Collection Guides"
737:. The Free Speech Movement was influenced by the
3610:
2555:Photos of the Free Speech Movement on Calisphere
3659:Political history of the San Francisco Bay Area
2414:
2374:. New York: The World Publishing Company, 1971.
2267:Beyond Berkeley: A Sourcebook in Student Values
1960:
1958:
1988:
718:, Steve Weissman, Michael Teal, Art Goldberg,
3317:
2584:
2354:. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Co., 1971.
2252:. New York: Columbia University Press, 1971.
1474:
1472:
660:
2333:. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
2308:The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution
2269:. Cleveland: World Publishing Company, 1966.
2207:. Bloomington, IN: Indiana U. Press, 2004.
1955:
826:On October 1, 1964, former graduate student
273:Third World Liberation Front strikes of 1968
131:2014 Hong Kong student protest for democracy
3119:Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory
2148:Free Speech Monument, Mark Brest Van Kempen
821:
212:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
3324:
3310:
2591:
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1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
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1015:with fire hoses. The anti-Communist film
667:
653:
324:1964-65 U.C. Berkeley Free Speech Movement
89:Mahatma Gandhi Central University protests
2173:New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
1844:
1005:House Committee on Un-American Activities
883:, asking for authority to proceed with a
279:1968 student demonstrations in Yugoslavia
2183:Cohen, Robert and Reginald Zelnik, eds.
1048:
911:(who had replaced the previous resigned
837:
683:Memorial to the Free Speech Movement at
678:
553:Students for a Democratic Society (2006)
548:Students for a Democratic Society (1960)
319:1965 Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu
2520:FSM@40: Free Speech in a Dangerous Time
1815:
1057:Today, Sproul Hall and the surrounding
3689:Protests in the San Francisco Bay Area
3649:Freedom of speech in the United States
3611:
2916:Jacobs Institute for Design Innovation
2379:The University of California 1868–1968
818:Avenues would be "strictly enforced."
3674:Social movements in the United States
3305:
2572:
2011:"Operation Abolition," 1960 – YouTube
1850:
1762:
1618:
1478:
858:watched movies, and sang folk songs.
762:In 1958, activist students organized
568:UP Diliman University Student Council
162:2010 University of Puerto Rico Strike
147:2013 Bangladesh quota reform movement
71:2018 Bangladesh quota reform movement
46:2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement
3654:20th century in Berkeley, California
3644:Defunct American political movements
3124:Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute
2641:Computing, Data Science, and Society
2262:. New York: Ballantine Books, 1962.
2039:Operation Abolition (1960) – YouTube
977:were lumped together. Furthermore,
268:1968–69 Japanese university protests
111:2015 University of Missouri protests
76:2018 Bangladesh road safety protests
2390:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1950.
2347:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012.
2078:, December 9, 1984, pp. A1, A14-15.
1705:"Days of Cal | Berkeley in the 60s"
1561:"Days of Cal | Berkeley in the 60s"
1410:"Days of Cal | Berkeley in the 60s"
1231:"Days of Cal | Berkeley in the 60s"
986:the Berkeley campus newspaper, the
13:
3664:University of California, Berkeley
3114:Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute
2601:University of California, Berkeley
2408:
2293:. Garden City: Anchor Books, 1965.
1918:"Time, Place and Manner Statement"
936:as those against the Vietnam War.
704:University of California, Berkeley
14:
3700:
3679:Riots and protests at UC Berkeley
3109:Institute of Governmental Studies
2434:
2310:. Revised ed. 1971; Plume, 1993.
2091:, December 2, 1994, pp. A19, A23.
2072:The Chronicle of Higher Education
1479:Stern, Sol (September 25, 2014).
1137:Students for a Democratic Society
1122:Alliance of Libertarian Activists
923:, a major starting point for the
126:2014 Jadavpur University protests
51:2021 Boğaziçi University protests
2709:
2222:Berkeley: The New Student Revolt
2057:magazine, Friday, Mar. 17, 1961.
1851:Lovio, Grace (August 28, 2013).
1785:
1763:Lovio, Grace (August 28, 2013).
1619:Lovio, Grace (August 28, 2013).
1481:"The Free Speech Movement at 50"
1084:
845:leading a rally on the steps of
710:. Other student leaders include
634:
528:Hong Kong Federation of Students
116:2015 Bangladesh student protests
2911:Hearst Memorial Mining Building
2404:. A New York Review Book, 1970.
2141:
2128:
2103:
2094:
2081:
2060:
2043:
2032:
2015:
2004:
1931:
1910:
1881:
1872:American Rhetoric – Mario Savio
1865:
1687:"Free Speech Movement Archives"
1543:"Free Speech Movement Archives"
1213:"Free Speech Movement Archives"
930:
349:1229 University of Paris strike
334:1956 Bucharest student movement
197:July 1999 Iran student protests
56:2021 Columbia University strike
3669:Student protests in California
2483:"People's History of Berkeley"
2381:. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.
2224:. New York: Grove Press, 1965.
1801:
1779:
1635:
1491:
1376:
1347:
1272:
1161:
741:, and was also related to the
698:) was a massive, long-lasting
222:1980 student protests in Kabul
182:2006 student protests in Chile
157:2011 student protests in Chile
1:
2494:Free Speech Movement Archives
2456:on social protest at Berkeley
2250:The Beginning: Berkeley, 1964
2156:
1355:"Notable Bios | Berkeley FSM"
1064:Moffitt Undergraduate Library
1003:Earlier protests against the
777:voters in Mississippi in the
757:
538:RMIT University Student Union
490:School district drug policies
187:2006 student uprising in Iran
2686:Optometry and Vision Science
2322:The New York Times Magazine,
939:
902:
809:On September 14, 1964, Dean
788:There was also a mandatory "
752:
397:Minimally invasive education
207:1996 Quebec student protests
202:1996–1997 protests in Serbia
192:2005 Quebec student protests
152:2012 Quebec student protests
7:
3639:Counterculture of the 1960s
3510:Women's liberation movement
3333:Counterculture of the 1960s
3182:California Golden Overtones
1106:Counterculture of the 1960s
1077:
1022:
475:Ordinance of Student Rights
465:Censorship of student media
239:Athens Polytechnic uprising
227:1978 "Ali Must Go" protests
142:2014 Iguala mass kidnapping
10:
3705:
3634:Movements for civil rights
3262:Graduate Theological Union
2352:The Wedding Within the War
2331:Berkeley at War: The 1960s
2125:, October 11, 2004, p. B5.
1968:. Berkeley.edu. 2004-06-08
1874:. See also Robert Cohen,
1669:"The Free Speech Movement"
1525:"The Free Speech Movement"
1306:"The Free Speech Movement"
1195:"The Free Speech Movement"
480:School corporal punishment
137:Sunflower Student Movement
3555:
3532:
3458:Back-to-the-land movement
3438:
3383:San Francisco Renaissance
3375:
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2623:
2608:
998:Free Speech Movement Cafe
747:Anti-Vietnam War Movement
500:School-to-prison pipeline
66:School strike for climate
3448:American Indian Movement
3192:Order of the Golden Bear
3053:Lawrence Hall of Science
2415:Seth Rosenfield (2013).
2053:", video.google.com and
1811:. PBS. October 16, 2014.
1732:picturethis.museumca.org
1588:picturethis.museumca.org
1437:picturethis.museumca.org
1258:picturethis.museumca.org
1154:
1092:Freedom of speech portal
1044:
957:to dismiss UC President
822:Jack Weinberg and sit-in
558:Student Press Law Center
523:European Students' Union
417:Student-centred learning
339:Września children strike
295:Mexican Movement of 1968
167:2010 UK student protests
99:2017 Jallikattu protests
94:2017–18 Iranian protests
3197:Pioneers in Engineering
2362:Chancellor at Berkeley.
2138:, June 1, 2004, p. C13.
2123:San Francisco Chronicle
2119:San Francisco Chronicle
2115:San Francisco Chronicle
2111:San Francisco Chronicle
2089:San Francisco Chronicle
1993:. Bancroft.berkeley.edu
1072:protest autonomous zone
1013:San Francisco City Hall
953:. He then directed the
773:and worked to register
563:Worker Student Alliance
372:Anarchistic free school
306:1968 protests in Poland
252:Huelga schools, Houston
177:2007 Dutch pupil strike
2530:"Berkeley in the '60s"
2283:Lipset, Seymour Martin
2076:San Francisco Examiner
2068:San Francisco Examiner
1170:
1054:
983:documentary filmmaking
873:
867:gave a famous speech:
850:
687:
412:Student bill of rights
254: – United States
3468:Civil rights movement
3453:Anti-nuclear movement
3151:The Daily Californian
2926:Leuschner Observatory
2514:The Daily Californian
1858:The Daily Californian
1770:The Daily Californian
1709:bancroft.berkeley.edu
1626:The Daily Californian
1565:bancroft.berkeley.edu
1414:bancroft.berkeley.edu
1235:bancroft.berkeley.edu
1052:
921:Vietnam Day Committee
869:
841:
783:Civil Rights Movement
743:Civil Rights Movement
682:
611:LGBT student movement
3505:Second-wave feminism
3483:Free Speech Movement
3478:Free school movement
3463:Black Power movement
3439:Social and political
3257:Free Speech Movement
2988:Hearst Greek Theatre
2869:Doe Memorial Library
2656:Environmental Design
2616:Berkeley, California
2564:The Bancroft Library
2441:Free Speech Movement
1989:Elizabeth Stephens.
1031:In April 2001, UC's
879:telephoned Governor
692:Free Speech Movement
470:Compulsory education
377:Democratic education
367:Authentic assessment
3352:Black Arts Movement
3162:Student Cooperative
3140:Associated Students
3039:Berkeley Art Museum
2957:International House
2676:Letters and Science
2469:John Searle account
2377:Stadtman, Verne A.
2360:, with Ray Colvig.
2296:Lunsford, Terry F.
2228:Goines, David Lance
2051:Operation Abolition
2023:Operation Abolition
1920:. Content.cdlib.org
1036:featured columnist
1017:Operation Abolition
955:UC Board of Regents
830:was sitting at the
361:Concepts and theory
258:1970 Student Strike
217:1989 Anti-SAP riots
82:March for Our Lives
24:the Politics series
3624:1965 in California
3619:1964 in California
3221:Symphony Orchestra
3208:California Pelican
2748:Women's basketball
2504:2011-11-05 at the
2385:Stewart, George R.
2350:Rossman, Michael.
2136:The New York Times
1117:Free speech fights
1055:
851:
727:civil disobedience
688:
641:Society portal
460:Alternative school
382:Democratic schools
329:1960 Anpo protests
312:East L.A. walkouts
284:May 1968 uprisings
61:2020 Thai protests
3606:
3605:
3540:Underground press
3517:Sexual revolution
3425:Bed-Ins for Peace
3362:Psychedelic music
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3242:Faculty and staff
3215:Heuristic Squelch
3092:
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3048:Julia Morgan Hall
2836:
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2681:Natural Resources
2394:Wolin, Sheldon S.
2343:Rosenfeld, Seth.
2316:978-0-452-01125-0
2179:978-0-19-518293-4
1876:Freedom's Orator,
1834:"Sixties Protest"
1111:William E. Forbes
677:
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485:School discipline
392:Hidden curriculum
387:Freedom of speech
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3403:Swinging Sixties
3398:Mods and rockers
3393:British Invasion
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3145:Marching Band
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3023:Evans Diamond
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3018:Tightwad Hill
3016:
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3013:Haas Pavilion
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2244:0-89815-535-5
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2213:0-253-21622-2
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2193:0-520-23354-9
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2018:
2012:
2007:
1992:
1985:
1983:
1967:
1961:
1959:
1944:
1940:
1934:
1919:
1913:
1899:on 2022-02-23
1898:
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1786:Holz, Dayna.
1782:
1772:
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1743:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1715:on 2013-01-14
1714:
1710:
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1692:
1691:www.fsm-a.org
1688:
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1670:
1666:
1656:on 2017-08-08
1655:
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1571:on 2013-01-14
1570:
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1548:
1547:www.fsm-a.org
1544:
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1526:
1522:
1512:on 2017-08-08
1511:
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1420:on 2013-01-14
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1397:on 2017-08-08
1396:
1392:
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1384:
1383:
1379:
1365:on 2020-09-06
1364:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1334:on 2017-07-16
1333:
1329:
1328:www.savio.org
1325:
1321:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1293:on 2017-08-08
1292:
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1259:
1255:
1251:
1241:on 2013-01-14
1240:
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1218:
1217:www.fsm-a.org
1214:
1210:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1182:on 2017-08-08
1181:
1177:
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1169:
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1149:Town and gown
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1009:San Francisco
1006:
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991:
990:
984:
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976:
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948:
947:Ronald Reagan
937:
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913:Edward Strong
910:
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829:
828:Jack Weinberg
819:
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713:
712:Jack Weinberg
709:
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591:Animal rights
589:
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517:Organizations
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495:School speech
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437:Student voice
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263:1968 Protests
261:
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247:– Philippines
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29:
25:
21:
20:
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3289:
3256:
3213:
3207:
3149:
3104:Laboratories
3084:Bear Transit
3068:Sproul Plaza
3063:Sather Tower
2981:Student life
2936:Wheeler Hall
2921:LeConte Hall
2733:Golden Bears
2610:
2513:
2416:
2401:
2387:
2378:
2371:
2368:Searle, John
2361:
2351:
2344:
2330:
2321:
2307:
2297:
2290:
2276:
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2259:
2249:
2234:. Berkeley,
2231:
2221:
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2071:
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2054:
2045:
2034:
2026:
2017:
2006:
1995:. Retrieved
1970:. Retrieved
1946:. Retrieved
1942:
1933:
1922:. Retrieved
1912:
1901:. Retrieved
1897:the original
1892:
1883:
1878:pp. 178–179.
1875:
1867:
1856:
1846:
1837:
1803:
1792:. Retrieved
1781:
1768:
1753:. Retrieved
1749:
1735:. Retrieved
1731:
1717:. Retrieved
1713:the original
1708:
1694:. Retrieved
1690:
1676:. Retrieved
1672:
1658:. Retrieved
1654:the original
1649:
1637:
1624:
1609:. Retrieved
1605:
1591:. Retrieved
1587:
1573:. Retrieved
1569:the original
1564:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:
1532:. Retrieved
1528:
1514:. Retrieved
1510:the original
1505:
1493:
1485:City Journal
1484:
1458:. Retrieved
1454:
1440:. Retrieved
1436:
1422:. Retrieved
1418:the original
1413:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:the original
1390:
1378:
1367:. Retrieved
1363:the original
1358:
1349:
1336:. Retrieved
1332:the original
1327:
1313:. Retrieved
1309:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:the original
1286:
1274:
1261:. Retrieved
1257:
1243:. Retrieved
1239:the original
1234:
1220:. Retrieved
1216:
1202:. Retrieved
1198:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:the original
1175:
1163:
1141:
1068:
1059:Sproul Plaza
1056:
1030:
1026:
1016:
1002:
987:
971:
943:
934:
931:Achievements
917:
906:
874:
870:
852:
825:
808:
799:City Journal
797:
790:loyalty oath
787:
768:
761:
724:
722:and others.
695:
691:
689:
621:Youth rights
606:Labor rights
427:Student riot
323:
3568:Freak scene
3556:Subcultures
3413:Human Be-In
3388:Beatlemania
3177:Men's Octet
3058:Sather Gate
3003:Senior Hall
2952:Bowles Hall
2945:Residential
2906:Gilman Hall
2661:Information
2651:Engineering
2477:John Searle
2473:some photos
2419:. Picador.
2273:Kerr, Clark
2218:Draper, Hal
2201:Freeman, Jo
1038:Molly Ivins
1007:meeting in
994:Sather Gate
885:mass arrest
865:Mario Savio
855:Sproul Hall
847:Sproul Hall
843:Mario Savio
731:free speech
708:Mario Savio
685:UC Berkeley
596:Anti-racism
533:Rouge Forum
442:Unschooling
3613:Categories
3545:newspapers
3473:Dialoguero
3367:Youthquake
3133:Activities
3032:Facilities
2962:Stern Hall
2931:South Hall
2901:Evans Hall
2768:Volleyball
2666:Journalism
2611:Located in
2454:Jo Freeman
2445:calisphere
2157:References
1997:2016-08-20
1972:2016-08-20
1948:2017-09-22
1924:2016-08-20
1903:2019-06-03
1794:2016-08-20
1755:2017-08-18
1737:2017-08-18
1719:2017-08-18
1696:2017-08-18
1678:2017-08-18
1673:Calisphere
1660:2017-08-18
1611:2017-08-18
1593:2017-08-18
1575:2017-08-18
1552:2017-08-18
1534:2017-08-18
1529:Calisphere
1516:2017-08-18
1460:2017-08-18
1442:2017-08-18
1424:2017-08-18
1401:2017-08-18
1369:2017-08-18
1338:2017-08-18
1315:2017-08-18
1310:Calisphere
1297:2017-08-18
1263:2017-08-18
1245:2017-08-18
1222:2017-08-18
1204:2017-08-18
1199:Calisphere
1186:2017-08-18
967:COINTELPRO
959:Clark Kerr
927:movement.
758:Background
543:Scholarism
250:1970-1972
3441:movements
3430:Woodstock
2859:Libraries
2719:Athletics
2646:Education
2636:Chemistry
2624:Academics
2304:Rand, Ayn
2238:, 1993.
1641:Sources:
1497:Sources:
1382:Sources:
1278:Sources:
1167:Sources:
989:Daily Cal
975:activists
940:1966–1970
903:Aftermath
860:Joan Baez
816:Telegraph
794:Sol Stern
753:1964–1965
616:Socialism
573:PUP SPEAK
3684:New Left
3588:Rude boy
3498:protests
3337:timeline
3252:Caltopia
3097:Research
2852:Academic
2827:The Play
2791:Big Game
2786:Stanford
2763:Softball
2753:Football
2738:Baseball
2726:Programs
2631:Business
2502:Archived
2479:'s site.
2471:of FSM;
2450:articles
1132:New Left
1078:See also
1023:Reunions
951:Governor
745:and the
739:New Left
601:Feminism
231:1976-77
87:2017–18
22:Part of
3598:Yippies
3290:Founded
3247:History
3230:Related
3077:Service
2814:Culture
2803:Rivalry
2289:, eds.
1838:uic.edu
849:in 1966
585:Related
40:History
3583:Rocker
3573:Hippie
3292:: 1868
3237:Alumni
2843:Campus
2779:Rivals
2423:
2396:, and
2337:
2314:
2242:
2211:
2191:
2177:
1127:Hippie
897:sit-in
893:Dublin
454:Issues
103:2015 "
80:2018 "
3533:Media
3172:CalTV
2758:Rugby
2461:SLATE
1155:Notes
1045:Today
764:SLATE
310:1968
243:1971
135:2014
3345:Arts
3167:KALX
3046:and
2821:Oski
2798:UCLA
2421:ISBN
2335:ISBN
2312:ISBN
2285:and
2240:ISBN
2209:ISBN
2189:ISBN
2175:ISBN
2055:Time
2027:Time
981:and
832:CORE
733:and
690:The
3578:Mod
2671:Law
2562:at
2475:on
2452:by
2025:",
963:FBI
891:in
696:FSM
3615::
2613::
2443:@
2400:.
2370:.
2306:.
2275:.
2258:.
2230:.
2220:.
2203:.
1981:^
1957:^
1941:.
1891:.
1855:.
1836:.
1817:^
1767:.
1748:.
1730:.
1707:.
1689:.
1671:.
1648:.
1623:.
1604:.
1586:.
1563:.
1545:.
1527:.
1504:.
1483:.
1471:^
1453:.
1435:.
1412:.
1389:.
1357:.
1326:.
1308:.
1285:.
1256:.
1233:.
1215:.
1197:.
1174:.
1066:.
1000:.
969:.
806:.
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2429:.
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2021:"
2000:.
1975:.
1951:.
1927:.
1906:.
1861:.
1840:.
1797:.
1773:.
1758:.
1740:.
1722:.
1699:.
1681:.
1663:.
1629:.
1614:.
1596:.
1578:.
1555:.
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1300:.
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1248:.
1225:.
1207:.
1189:.
694:(
668:e
661:t
654:v
275:-
107:"
84:"
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