Free speech zone - Knowledge

597: 583:. The manual gives people organizing presidential visits specific advice for preventing or obstructing protests. "There are several ways the advance person" – the person organizing the presidential visit – "can prepare a site to minimize demonstrators. First, as always, work with the Secret Service to and have them ask the local police department to designate a protest area where demonstrators can be placed, preferably not in view of the event site or motorcade route. The formation of 'rally squads' is a common way to prepare for demonstrators ... The rally squad's task is to use their signs and banners as shields between the demonstrators and the main press platform ... As a last resort, security should remove the demonstrators from the event site." 615: 820: 736:. The Consuming Fire Fellowship, a church located in rural Woodville, Mississippi, often sends members to convene at the university's Free Speech Alley to preach their views of Christianity. The members have often been met with strong resistance and resentment by the student body. Ivan Imes, a retired engineer who holds "Jesus Talks" for students at the university, said in an interview that he advised students frustrated with the preachings of the Consuming Fire Fellowship, "to give the church a break. They don't understand love. They don't understand forgiveness. There are a lot of things in the Bible that they don’t understand, or at least don’t live out." 465:, Bursey was convicted of the offense of trespassing, but judge Bristow Marchant deemed the offense to be relatively minor and ordered a fine of $ 500 be assessed, which Bursey appealed, and lost. In his ruling, Marchant found that "this is not to say that the Secret Service's power to restrict the area around the President is absolute, nor does the Court find that protesters are required to go to a designated demonstration area – which was an issue in this case – as long as they do not otherwise remain in a properly restricted area." 243: 293: 671:

the student code of conduct of "violation of respect", for refusing to move when told to do so by a university official. The university subsequently dropped honor code charges against the students. "University officials said the history of the free-speech zones is not known. 'It predated just about everybody here", said Lucien 'Skip' Capone III, the university attorney. The policy may be a holdover from the Vietnam War and civil rights era, he said.'"

272:, who scouted locations where the U.S. president was scheduled to speak, or pass through. Officials targeted those who carried anti-Bush signs and escorted them to the free speech zones prior to and during the event. Reporters were often barred by local officials from displaying these protesters on camera or speaking to them within the zone. Protesters who refused to go to the free speech zone were often arrested and charged with 136: 721:

government." Philosophy department chairman James South ordered Ditsler to remove the quote, calling it patently offensive. South claimed that the University's free-speech zone rules required Ditsler to take it down. University spokeswoman Brigid O'Brien Miller stated that it was "a workplace issue, not one of academic freedom." Ultimately, the quote was allowed to remain, albeit with attribution.

564:, is seeking unspecified damages as well as a declaration that the actions leading to the removal of the Ranks from the Capitol grounds were unconstitutional." In August 2007, the Ranks settled their lawsuit against the Federal Government. The government paid them $ 80,000, but made no admission of wrongdoing. The Ranks' case against Gregory Jenkins is still pending in the District of Columbia. 77:", and that authorities use them in a heavy-handed manner to censor protesters by putting them literally out of sight of the mass media, hence the public, as well as visiting dignitaries. Though authorities generally deny specifically targeting protesters, on a number of occasions, these denials have been contradicted by subsequent court testimony. The 550:

Chris Hansen pointed out that "The Secret Service has promised to not curtail the right to dissent at presidential appearances, and yet we are still hearing stories of people being blocked from engaging in lawful protest", said Hansen. "It is time for the Secret Service to stop making empty promises." The Ranks subsequently filed a lawsuit,

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students, but it cannot designate fewer areas ... Not all places within the boundaries of the campus are public forums, according to Cummings' opinion. The court declared the university's policy unconstitutional to the extent that it regulates the content of student speech in areas of the campus that are public forums.

484:", the Secret Service should have latitude to get rid of anyone suspicious who is standing near the president's route. However, given that the reason Bursey was singled out by the Secret Service was his sign, "it's enough to make anyone with a dissenting view think twice before deciding to stand out from a crowd." 457:, disputes Bursey's version of events. Trespassing charges against Bursey were dropped, and Bursey was instead indicted by the federal government for violation of a federal law that allows the Secret Service to restrict access to areas visited by the president. Bursey faced up to six months in prison and a 538:, West Virginia, on July 4, 2004, when they refused to take off anti-Bush shirts. Their shirts read, 'Love America, Hate Bush' ... The ACLU found 17 cases since March 2001 in which protesters were removed during events where the president or vice president appeared. And lawyers say it's an increasing trend. 284:. A seldom-used federal law making it unlawful to "willfully and knowingly to enter or remain in ... any posted, cordoned off, or otherwise restricted area of a building or grounds where the President or other person protected by the Secret Service is or will be temporarily visiting" has also been invoked. 529:

The Secret Service says it does establish 'public viewing areas' to protect dignitaries but does not discriminate against individuals based on the content of their signs or speech. 'Absolutely not,' said Tom Mazur, a spokesman for the agency created to protect the president. 'The Secret Service makes

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The prosecution claimed that the protected zone around the President was 100 yards wide. However, it was unmarked, with cars and trucks allowed to pass through and drop off ticket-holders, and nobody was willing to tell protesters where the zone's boundaries were. Marchant's decision noted this but

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Free speech zones have been used for non-political purposes. Through 1990s, the San Francisco International Airport played host to a steady stream of religious groups (Hare Krishnas in particular), preachers, and beggars. The city considered whether this public transportation hub was required to host

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not to discriminate against protesters. "The charges against the Ranks were ultimately dismissed in court and the mayor and city council publicly apologized for the arrest. City officials also said that local law enforcement was acting at the request of Secret Service." ACLU Senior Staff Attorney

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of all critical signs, though folks with pro-Bush signs were permitted to line the president's path. Neel refused to go to the designated area and was arrested for disorderly conduct. Police detective John Ianachione testified that the Secret Service told local police to confine 'people that were

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staged a protest outside the University's designated protest zones. The specific intent of the protest was to provoke just such a charge, to "provoke the system into action into a critical review of what's going on." Two students, Allison Jaynes and Robert Sinnott, were brought up on charges under

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At another incident during a presidential visit to South Carolina, protester Brett Bursey refused an order by Secret Service agents to go to a free speech zone half-a-mile away. He was arrested and charged with trespassing by the South Carolina police. "Bursey said that he asked the policeman if

345:, the American Civil Liberties Union has asked a federal court in Washington, D.C. to prevent the Secret Service from keeping anti-Bush protesters distant from presidential appearances while allowing supporters to display their messages up close, where they are likely to be seen by the news media. 720:

quote was attached to the door of the office that graduate student Stuart Ditsler shared with three other teaching assistants. It read, "As Americans we must always remember that we all have a common enemy, an enemy that is dangerous, powerful, and relentless. I refer, of course, to the federal

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According to the opinion of the court, campus areas such as parks, sidewalks, streets and other areas are designated as public forums, regardless of whether the university has chosen to officially designate the areas as such. The university may open more of the campus as public forums for its

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to evaluate the constitutionality of time, place and manner (TPM) restrictions. To pass muster under the First Amendment, TPM restrictions must be neutral with respect to content, be narrowly drawn, serve a significant government interest, and leave open alternative channels of communication.

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free speech, and to what extent. As a compromise, two "free speech booths" were installed in the South Terminal, and groups wishing to speak but not having direct business at the airport were directed there. These booths still exist, although permits are required to access the booths.

503:(ACORN). "The federal court in Philadelphia dismissed that case in March after the Secret Service acknowledged that it could not discriminate against protesters through the use of out-of-sight, out-of-earshot protest zones." Another 2003 lawsuit against the city of Philadelphia, 209:

was sympathetic to their request: "One cannot conceive of what other design elements could be put into a space to create a more symbolic affront to the role of free expression.". However, he ultimately rejected the petition to move the protest zones closer to the FleetCenter.

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Free speech zones have been used at a variety of political gatherings. The stated purpose of free speech zones is to protect the safety of those attending the political gathering, or for the safety of the protesters themselves. Critics, however, suggest that such zones are

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shall make no law ... abridging ... the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." The existence of free speech zones is based on U.S. court decisions stipulating that the government may reasonably regulate the

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there making a statement pretty much against the president and his views.'" District judge Shirley Trkula threw out the charges, stating that "I believe this is America. Whatever happened to 'I don't agree with you, but I'll defend to the death your right to say it'?"

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CROSS,' establishing areas they ironically called 'ad-hoc free speech zones.' One by one, protesters were arrested and detained – some for nearly two days." Both the Democratic and Republican National parties were jointly awarded a 2005 Jefferson Muzzle from the

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The ruling found that Bursey was not the victim of selective prosecution because Bursey was the only person who had refused an order to leave the area. However, this overlooks the fact that nobody else refused to leave the zone because nobody else was asked to

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2002, 65-year-old retired steel worker Bill Neel was there to greet him with a sign proclaiming, 'The Bush family must surely love the poor, they made so many of us.' The local police, at the Secret Service's behest, set up a 'designated free-speech zone' on a

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management to conceal the existence of popular opposition from the mass public and elected officials. There is much controversy surrounding the creation of these areas – the mere existence of such zones is offensive to some people, who maintain that the

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found that "It was lawful for the city of Seattle to deem part of downtown off-limits ... But the court also said that police enforcing the rule may have gone too far by targeting only those opposed to the WTO, in violation of their First Amendment rights."

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tracked every planned action and set up traps. As marches began, police would emerge from their hiding places – building vestibules, parking garages, or vans – and corral the dissenters with orange netting that read 'POLICE LINE – DO

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that public streets and parks "have immemorially been held in trust for the use of the public and, time out of mind, have been used for purposes of assembly, communicating thoughts between citizens, and discussing public questions." In the later

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The Secret Service denied targeting the president's political opponents. "Decisions made in the formulation of a security plan are based on security considerations, not political considerations", said one Secret Service spokesman.

162:. At subsequent gatherings in Washington, D.C., Detroit, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, Miami, Chicago, and Portland a pattern of behavior that stifles First Amendment rights has emerged". In a subsequent lawsuit, the 624:

The use of free speech zones on university campuses is controversial. Many universities created on-campus free speech zones during the 1960s and 1970s, during which protests on-campus (especially against the

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and the ACLU of Massachusetts as being insufficient to handle the size of the expected protest. "The zone would hold as few as 400 of the several thousand protesters who are expected in Boston in late July."

201:". "Some protesters for a short time Monday converted the zone into a mock prison camp by donning hoods and marching in the cage with their hands behind their backs." A coalition of groups protesting the 513:, on orders from the Secret Service, had kept protesters "further away from the site of presidential visits than Administration supporters. A high-ranking official of the Philadelphia police told 92:, who signed a bill in 2012 that expanded the power of the Secret Service to restrict speech and make arrests. Many colleges and universities earlier instituted free-speech-zone rules during the 782:

were designated as protest zones. Police wielded sticks, used gas grenades and shot rubber bullets at some of the protesters. They arrested 910 people, 14 were charged, but none were convicted.

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released a survey of 346 colleges and Universities in the United States. Of those institutions, 259 (75%) maintain policies that "both clearly and substantially restrict freedom of speech."

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Summit in Ottawa, Canada. Although use of the areas was voluntary and not surrounded by fences, some protesters decried the use of designated protest areas, calling them "protest pens."

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it creates. Regulations on demonstrations may affect the time, place, and manner of those demonstrations, but may not discriminate based on the content of the demonstration.

580: 236: 2005: 430:"These zones routinely succeed in keeping protesters out of presidential sight and outside the view of media covering the event. When Bush came to the Pittsburgh area on 154:, which has a 35-year history of monitoring First Amendment activity, has witnessed a notable change in police treatment of political protesters since the November 1999 57: 50: 739:

As of March 2017, four states had passed legislation outlawing public colleges and universities from establishing free speech zones. The first state to do so was

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Foley, Ryan J. Free speech group ridicules Marquette for removal of Barry quote. Associated Press, October 18, 2006. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on January 1, 2007.

505: 793:. All 77 applications to protest there were withdrawn or denied, and no protests took place. Four people who applied to protest were arrested or sentenced to " 514: 500: 629:) were common. Generally, the requirements are that the university is given advance notice and that they are held in locations that do not disrupt classes. 2222: 2212: 764: 222: 163: 1801: 147: 140: 2217: 1953: 1575: 552: 313: 41: 1491: 518: 125: 2207: 1093:

Report on Government Violations of First Amendment Rights in the United States. The National Lawyer's Guild, 2004. Retrieved on December 20, 2006

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Application of this four-part analysis varies with the circumstances of each case, and typically requires lower standards for the restriction of

1625: 725: 453:'it was the content of my sign,' and he said, 'Yes, sir, it's the content of your sign that's the problem.'" However, the prosecution, led by 371: 1170: 96:

of the 1960s and 1970s. In recent years, a number of them have revised or removed these restrictions following student protests and lawsuits.

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revised its seven-year-old rules restricting the rights of students to protest. "In effect, the whole campus is now a 'free-speech zone.'"

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According to Jeff Rank, Nicole Rank's shirt did say "Love America, Hate Bush" while Jeff Rank's shirt said "Regime change starts at home."

250: 1861:. "Indiana U. student association halfway there". Indiana University, September 19, 2005. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on January 1, 2007. 1049: 667: 2172: 1728: 1229: 1356: 1522: 239:, "For their mutual failure to make the preservation of First Amendment freedoms a priority during the last Presidential election". 2192: 2063: 2158: 1990: 1393:

Secret Service Ordered Local Police to Restrict Anti-Bush Protesters at Rallies, ACLU Charges in Unprecedented Nationwide Lawsuit

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for requiring protesters to stay within a designated area, while allowing supporters access to more areas. According to the

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no distinction on the purpose, message or intent of any individual or group.' Civil libertarians dispute that. They cite a

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surrounded by a chain-link fence a third of a mile from the location of Bush's speech. The police cleared the path of the

2162: 349: 214: 190: 105: 88:, it was during Bush's presidency that their scope was greatly expanded. These zones continued through the presidency of 2167: 2122: 2041: 1249: 863: 771: 674:

A number of colleges and universities have revised or revoked free speech zone policies in the last decade, including:

366: 254: 2106: 1682: 1408: 1116: 694: 663: 2019: 1214: 614: 702: 317: 226: 193:. The free speech zones organized by the authorities in Boston were boxed in by concrete walls, invisible to the 1935: 1798: 1595: 1193: 698: 510: 186:

on a baseball field a third of a mile from the speech site, and proclaimed it a "designated free-speech zone."

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Jeff Rank, while at a reception for ACLU clients, talks about the repercussions of criticizing President Bush.

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Blake, Andrew. "Atlanta's Steamy Heat Cools Protests; More Than 25 Groups Rally in Demonstration Area",

534:, Texas, couple, Jeff and Nicole Rank, as an example. The two were arrested at a Bush campaign event in 1912: 1697: 794: 642:. In September 2004, U.S. District Court Judge Sam Cummings struck down the free-speech-zone policy at 557: 387: 1622: 1340: 1142: 535: 392: 1872: 825: 706: 683: 454: 206: 175: 155: 143:. The WTO protests catalyzed a number of changes in the way law enforcement deals with protesters. 81:(ACLU) has filed, with various degrees of success and failure, a number of lawsuits on the issue. 1846:. University of Southern California, March 31, 2005. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, January 1, 2007. 1302: 1657: 1560: 1466: 1392: 2197: 1516: 1090: 775: 353: 151: 45: 1353: 1857: 1767: 1499: 1167: 1053: 1050:"SFO - San Francisco International Airport - film, free speech & reflection room permits" 843: 687: 643: 531: 1591: 1448: 521:

that he was only following Secret Service orders." However, the court found the ACLU lacked

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that non-disruptive speech is permitted in public schools. However, this does not apply to

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O'Hagan, Maureen. WTO no-protest zone upheld; But demonstrators can pursue lawsuits. The

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Vernarsky, Taylor. "Many students unaware of free-speech policy at U. Central Florida".

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Secret Service and White House Charged with Violating Free Speech Rights in ACLU Lawsuit

728:(or Free Speech Plaza) was used in November 2015 when Louisiana gubernatorial candidate 414:– found that picketing is afforded less protection than pure speech due to the physical 1827: 1375: 639: 398: 277: 1607:

Montgomery, Ben. Is It Free Speech If Protesters in Effect Are Put in Quarantine? The

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where the convention was held and criticized harshly as a "protest pen" or "Boston's

179: 2086:"Kentucky's Controversial 'Charlie Brown' Bill Has Two Provisions Worth Celebrating" 1898: 952: 1813: 1752: 1371: 729: 675: 404: 321: 320:"has even gone so far as to tell local police departments to regard critics of the 308: 281: 183: 178:, on Labor Day, 2002, for a speech, the local police, acting on the request of the 150:

saw a number of changes to how law enforcement deals with protest activities. "The

124:"put us in a free-speech cage." "Protest zones" were used during the 1992 and 1996 1633: 1079: 292: 1805: 1732: 1726:

Spotlight on Speech Codes 2007: The State of Free Speech on Our Nation's Campuses

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ACLU Files Lawsuit on Behalf of Protesters Arrested at Bush Rally in Pennsylvania

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NPR transcript on prosecution of alleged free speech zone violator Brett Bursey

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set up a "designated protest zone" so the convention would not be disrupted. A

66: 2088:(Press release). Foundation for Individual Rights in Education. March 21, 2017 1886: 1298:"Quarantining dissent – How the Secret Service protects Bush from free speech" 2181: 2044:(Press release). Foundation for Individual Rights in Education. July 15, 2015 2022:(Press release). Foundation for Individual Rights in Education. April 7, 2014 1609: 1526: 1168:

ACLU & NLG Groups Sue Over DNC "Free Speech Zone" aka Boston's Camp X-Ray

1103: 914: 415: 171: 2066:(Press release). Foundation for Individual Rights in Education. May 17, 2016 1246: 307:

advocates argue that free speech zones are used as a form of censorship and

1842: 1789:. University of Central Florida, August 1, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007. 1434: 1011: 805: 733: 332: 121: 89: 37: 1660:. ACLU press release, September 14, 2004. Retrieved on December 22, 2006. 1405: 868:

Middle Tennessee State University | Middle Tennessee State University

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The incident occurred several months after the Secret Service's pledge in

217:. According to Mike McGuire, a columnist for the online anti-war magazine 2064:"Arizona Governor Signs Bills Protecting Free Speech on College Campuses" 801: 626: 462: 1563:. ACLU press release, December 9, 2004. Retrieved on December 22, 2006. 1280: 717: 246: 198: 113: 16:

Area set aside in public places for the purpose of political protesting

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was publicly endorsed by former opponent and Republican Lt. Governor

458: 440: 431: 325: 74: 62: 1771:, December 17, 2005. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on December 20, 2006 1709:

Lora, Meghann. Texas Tech coming closer to new free speech policy'.

1372:§ 1752. Temporary residences and offices of the President and others 804:, public spaces that are designated as free speech zones are called 268:

and through the 2004 election. Free speech zones were set up by the

1756:, January 18, 2004. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on December 20, 2006 1715:. January 12, 2005. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on December 20, 2006 1683:

Exclusive Interview With ACLU Lawyer In Bush Rally Free Speech Case

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Student Press Law Center, June 28, 2005. Retrieved January 3, 2007.

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lawsuit, the ACLU obtained the White House's previously-classified

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Fla. College Student Successfully Fights Campus 'Free Speech Zone'

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Mitchell, Thomas. "Dissing authority, not crime, gets you time".

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Smeltz, Adam. University ends policy of 'free-speech zones'. The

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Designated protest areas were established during the August 2007

748: 159: 109: 2042:"Missouri Governor Signs Law Banning Campus 'Free Speech Zones'" 990:

Warren, Susan. "Protests cause Young to boost police presence",

966:"How Big a Deal is H.R. 347, That "Criminalizing Protest" Bill?" 493:

In 2003, the ACLU brought a lawsuit against the Secret Service,

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challenged the planned protest zones. U.S. District Court Judge

1613:, July 4, 2005. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on December 20, 2006 1117:"Free Speech Under Fire: The ACLU Challenge to "Protest Zones"" 316:

makes the entire country an unrestricted free speech zone. The

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Hawkins, Stephanie. "USC students challenge speech policies".

1236:. WCVB-TV Boston, July 22, 2004. Retrieved February 15, 2007. 1106:, June 3, 2005. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis on January 1, 2007 468:

Marchant's ruling however, was criticized for three reasons:

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Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression

890:"Time, Place and Manner Regulations and the First Amendment" 2020:"Virginia Bans Unconstitutional Campus 'Free Speech Zones'" 1330:"Free-Speech Zone" – The administration quarantines dissent 223:

the protests during the 2004 Republican National Convention

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Marquette: We Can’t Allow Speech To Which Somebody Objects

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Three protest parks were designated in Beijing during the

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Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District

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The Bush administration has been criticized by columnist

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Free speech zones were also used in New York City at the

2006:"Ivan Imes reflects on past decade in Free Speech Plaza" 1080:

The Assault on Free Speech, Public Assembly, and Dissent

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magazine. January 2006. Retrieved on December 19, 2006.

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Gregory Jenkins and the Secret Service. "The lawsuit,

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protesters inside a fenced-off free speech zone at the

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represent another interesting model of repression. The

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Orwellian "Free Speech Zones" violate the constitution

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Elderly Chinese Women Sentenced to Labor Re-education

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Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now

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blog. October 19, 2006. Retrieved on January 1, 2007

1901:. Editorial, Daily Herald. Published April 23, 2007. 1438:, February 20, 2004. Retrieved on December 20, 2006. 1344:, December 15, 2003. Retrieved on December 20, 2006. 815: 765:

Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America

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United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

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news, December 4, 2003. Retrieved January 23, 2006.

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WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999 protest activity

1306:, January 4, 2004. Retrieved on December 20, 2006. 1030:Convention planners wary of a new style of protest 948: 946: 586: 260:Free speech zones were commonly used by President 1816:. November 14, 2002. Retrieved February 15, 2007. 1750:Withers, Lanita. UNCG drops speech-zone charges. 1489:As Court Ruled, Bursey’s Free Speech Not Trampled 923:, February 4, 2004. Retrieved on January 3, 2007. 386:and marching in public areas is protected by the 314:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 126:United States presidential nominating conventions 42:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 2179: 1551:, September 21, 2004. Retrieved January 23, 2007 1284:, July 29, 2004. Retrieved on December 20, 2006. 1183:, July 26, 2004. Retrieved on December 20, 2006. 1160: 953:Freedom Under Fire: Dissent in Post-9/11 America 606:(above) and the sign that demarcates it (below). 84:Although free speech zones existed prior to the 1954:"Republican Dardenne Endorses Democrat Edwards" 1724:Foundation for Individual Rights in Education. 943: 894:UMKC School of Law | Powered by Experience 1592:Fact Sheet on Political Dissent and Censorship 390:as free speech. However, subsequent rulings – 372:Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization 1951: 1598:, November 2006. Retrieved December 22, 2006. 1202:, July 27, 2004. Retrieved December 20, 2006. 938:Foundation for Individual Rights in Education 657:Foundation for Individual Rights in Education 189:Free speech zones were used in Boston at the 139:Police on Union Street in Seattle during the 40:for the purpose of political protesting. The 1765:Stancill, Jane. UNCG in free speech battle. 1270: 1268: 1074: 1072: 726:Louisiana State University Free Speech Alley 2223:Democratic backsliding in the United States 2213:George W. Bush administration controversies 1430:Convention plan puts protesters blocks away 1324: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1227:Judge Denies DNC Free-Speech Zone Challenge 862:O'Neill, Kevin Francis (November 6, 2012). 861: 1887:Protest: BYU Shuts Down "Free Speech Zone" 1038:, June 23, 2000. Retrieved April 24, 2017. 668:University of North Carolina at Greensboro 2218:Political repression in the United States 1693: 1691: 1670:Feds Pay $ 80,000 Over Anti-Bush T-Shirts 1512: 1510: 1292: 1290: 1265: 1210: 1208: 1069: 2173:Free Speech Zone at a Bush rally in 2000 1653: 1651: 1649: 1395:. ACLU press release, September 23, 2003 1309: 693:Controversies have also occurred at the 291: 241: 134: 1964:from the original on December 18, 2015. 1910:Pimentel. It's all a free-speech zone. 1746: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1539: 1537: 1535: 1388: 1386: 1384: 774:, over 10,000 protesters were present. 361:Notable incidents and court proceedings 2208:Freedom of speech in the United States 2180: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1688: 1601: 1507: 1287: 1205: 1140: 602:The free speech area on the campus of 2159:Photographs of the "Free Speech Zone" 2003: 1646: 1554: 864:"Time, Place and Manner Restrictions" 1737: 1634:Podcasts: Voices From the Conference 1616: 1532: 1381: 1047:San Francisco International Airport, 772:WTO Hong Kong Ministerial Conference 632:In 1968, the Supreme Court ruled in 525:to bring the case and dismissed it. 2163:2004 Democratic National Convention 2107:Clashes break out at summit protest 1799:WVU drops 'free speech zone' policy 1774: 1141:Bovard, James (December 15, 2003). 480:Marchant found that in the "age of 350:2004 Democratic National Convention 215:2004 Republican National Convention 191:2004 Democratic National Convention 106:1988 Democratic National Convention 53:– but not content – of expression. 13: 2004:Miner, Kevin (September 8, 2015). 1989:Writer, Amy BrittainChief Sports. 1988: 1952:Hilburn, Greg (November 5, 2015). 887: 758: 488: 255:Washington University in St. Louis 56:The Supreme Court has developed a 14: 2234: 2152: 2140:The IOC plays appeaser in Beijing 1194:Free Speech Behind the Razor Wire 1166:Goodman, Amy, and Thomas Falcon. 695:University of Southern California 1015:, July 20, 1988. Retrieved from 996:, July 19, 1988. Retrieved from 818: 613: 595: 296:A "First Amendment Area" at the 2193:Censorship in the United States 2132: 2116: 2100: 2078: 2056: 2034: 2012: 1997: 1982: 1968: 1945: 1928: 1919: 1904: 1892: 1879: 1864: 1849: 1834: 1819: 1792: 1759: 1718: 1703: 1675: 1663: 1585: 1566: 1481: 1460: 1441: 1422: 1398: 1365: 1347: 1239: 1220: 1186: 1134: 1109: 1096: 1041: 703:University of Nevada, Las Vegas 587:College and university campuses 477:did not find this unreasonable. 447: 318:Department of Homeland Security 1596:Free Expression Policy Project 1217:. The Thomas Jefferson Center. 1121:American Civil Liberties Union 1022: 1003: 984: 958: 926: 907: 881: 855: 511:Philadelphia Police Department 79:American Civil Liberties Union 1: 1520:Transcript of Verdict Hearing 1449:"Silencing Voices Of Dissent" 849: 780:Wan Chai Cargo Handling Basin 348:The preliminary plan for the 287: 1582:docket sheet. WarLaw archive 680:Appalachian State University 425: 298:Muir Woods National Monument 86:presidency of George W. Bush 7: 1698:Presidential Advance Manual 1672:. ABC News. August 16, 2007 1478:transcript. WarLaw archive. 1066:, Retrieved August 17, 2009 811: 789:, at the suggestion of the 581:presidential advance manual 382:case, the court found that 367:United States Supreme Court 10: 2239: 1913:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 1731:February 28, 2008, at the 1639:February 20, 2007, at the 1578:February 24, 2007, at the 1545:Thou Dost Protest Too Much 1494:February 16, 2007, at the 1474:December 11, 2006, at the 1215:The 2005 Jefferson Muzzles 795:re-education through labor 558:Assistant to the President 388:United States Constitution 99: 1889:, YouTube, April 4, 2007. 1804:November 2, 2007, at the 1628:October 11, 2009, at the 1341:The American Conservative 1252:January 19, 2007, at the 1147:The American Conservative 393:Edwards v. South Carolina 337:The American Conservative 120:group said Atlanta Mayor 116:demonstrator opposing an 36:) are areas set aside in 1873:Las Vegas Review-Journal 1487:Thurmond, J. Strom, Jr. 1359:January 3, 2007, at the 1276:"Bush Zones Go National" 1085:August 20, 2006, at the 826:Freedom of speech portal 707:Brigham Young University 684:West Virginia University 604:Texas Woman's University 455:James Strom Thurmond Jr. 251:2000 Presidential Debate 176:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 156:World Trade Organization 1899:Free speech zone at BYU 1700:. October 2002 edition. 1518:United States v. Bursey 1411:April 25, 2006, at the 1335:August 6, 2004, at the 1303:San Francisco Chronicle 547:ACORN v. Secret Service 496:ACORN v. Secret Service 51:time, place, and manner 1787:Central Florida Future 1173:July 27, 2006, at the 1091:National Lawyers Guild 776:Wan Chai Sports Ground 662:In December 2005, the 653: 540: 354:National Lawyers Guild 352:was criticized by the 301: 257: 144: 1858:Indiana Daily Student 1768:The News and Observer 1573:ACORN v. Philadelphia 1232:May 15, 2007, at the 1028:Riccardi, Nicholas. " 844:Crowd control barrier 743:in 2014, followed by 688:Penn State University 648: 644:Texas Tech University 527: 506:ACORN v. Philadelphia 461:5,000 fine. After a 295: 245: 138: 26:First Amendment zones 2188:American phraseology 1991:"Fire and Brimstone" 1958:The Shreveport Times 1712:The University Daily 1468:Pennsylvania v. Neel 787:2008 Summer Olympics 714:Marquette University 664:College Libertarians 640:private universities 567:As a result of ACLU 515:ACLU of Pennsylvania 379:Thornhill v. Alabama 266:September 11 attacks 170:When then-President 94:Vietnam-era protests 2203:Freedom of assembly 2127:The Washington Post 1406:"Free Speech" Zones 1354:Refuseandresist.org 1259:Nonviolent Activist 1056:on November 2, 2009 509:, charged that the 499:, representing the 411:Adderley v. Florida 221:, "The policing of 219:Nonviolent Activist 141:1999 WTO conference 2113:, August 20, 2007. 1828:Centre Daily Times 1376:Cornell University 1143:"Free-Speech Zone" 1078:Boghosian, Heidi. 1019:on April 24, 2017. 1000:on April 24, 2017. 932:McNulty, Rebecca. 716:, an unattributed 699:Indiana University 686:. In August 2006, 399:Brown v. Louisiana 302: 278:disorderly conduct 258: 145: 58:four-part analysis 2146:, August 20, 2008 2129:, August 20, 2008 1940:Marquette Warrior 1855:Staff Editorial, 1753:News & Record 1685:. August 17, 2007 1529:. WarLaw archive. 1525:July 9, 2012, at 1035:Los Angeles Times 993:Houston Chronicle 955:. March 28, 2003. 724:For example, the 556:, against Deputy 30:free speech cages 22:Free speech zones 2230: 2147: 2136: 2130: 2120: 2114: 2104: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2082: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2071: 2060: 2054: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2029: 2027: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2001: 1995: 1994: 1986: 1980: 1979: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1949: 1943: 1934:McAdams, John. 1932: 1926: 1923: 1917: 1908: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1883: 1877: 1868: 1862: 1853: 1847: 1838: 1832: 1823: 1817: 1814:Associated Press 1796: 1790: 1783: 1772: 1763: 1757: 1748: 1735: 1722: 1716: 1707: 1701: 1695: 1686: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1644: 1643:October 16, 2006 1620: 1614: 1605: 1599: 1589: 1583: 1570: 1564: 1558: 1552: 1543:Katz, Jonathan. 1541: 1530: 1514: 1505: 1485: 1479: 1464: 1458: 1445: 1439: 1426: 1420: 1402: 1396: 1390: 1379: 1369: 1363: 1351: 1345: 1326: 1307: 1294: 1285: 1274:Hightower, Jim. 1272: 1263: 1247:Policing Dissent 1243: 1237: 1224: 1218: 1212: 1203: 1190: 1184: 1164: 1158: 1157: 1155: 1153: 1138: 1132: 1131: 1129: 1127: 1113: 1107: 1100: 1094: 1076: 1067: 1065: 1063: 1061: 1052:. 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