251:("professions"). Corps are grouped in 3 categories (formerly 4): category A for management, design, and general studies professions (e.g. judges, engineers, professors...); category B for applications-related professions (e.g. librarians, superior technicians...); and category C for executions-related professions (e.g. technicians, administrative assistants...). Each corps has a set of possible job or task descriptions and may have its own particular statutes.
24:
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in universities, the exam, organized locally for each position or each set of similar positions, consists in the submission of a file listing the professional qualifications and experience of the candidate, followed by an interview. In all cases, a committee ranks candidates by order of preference;
266:
in certain corps). For instance, the corps of university professors is a category A corps divided into 3 classes: second class (equivalent to an
American associate professor), first class (full professor), exceptional class (leading full professor in their area). Generally, to avoid rank inflation,
535:
Civil servants must not reveal private or secret information that they have gained in the course of their duties. Depending on a civil servant's corps, this obligation may be of varying intensity : while administrative magistrates are formally discouraged from making their profession in
412:
A civil servant should devote their full professional activity to their appointed task. By exception, a civil servant may in addition to their regular activities write books; they may also accomplish certain tasks (teaching...) with the permission of their hierarchical supervisor.
1304:
du 3 juillet 2009 portant majoration à compter du 1er juillet 2009 de la rémunération des personnels civils et militaires de l'Etat, des personnels des collectivités territoriales et des établissements publics d'hospitalisation et portant attribution de points d'indice
510:
While the hierarchical authority is normally responsible for assigning civil servants to positions and evaluating their work, certain corps of civil servants follow specific rules regarding the management, evaluation and discipline of their members. For instance,
455:
Generally speaking, a civil servant should always refrain from enunciating personal opinions in a manner that can be construed as expressing the official opinion of the French government or a public institution. Obviously, this is more of a matter for the higher
381:— that is, they take temporarily (and sometimes permanent) leave from government work and go work in industry. Occasionally, people from a ministry supervising some industry would later go to work in that same industry; this practice was later prohibited.
640:
in the council of ministers. The rest are by the head of the agency they belong to, or by a minister; in fact, they are in general appointed by some person who has received from the head of agency or minister the authority to do so.
536:
non-professional works and opinions, members of the military are expected to maintain a very high standard of discretion. This restraint on the side of the military has even led it to being nicknamed "
147:
Not all employees of the state and public institutions or corporations are civil servants; however, the media often incorrectly equate "government employee" or "employee of a public corporation" with
424:
In certain exceptional cases, certain aspects of the private life of a civil servant may be termed incompatible with their functions. For instance, it is inappropriate for a member of the
270:
Other French Civil
Services have different organisations; for instance the Fonction Publique Territoriale is not divided between rigid "corps" but between "cadres d'emploi" (type of job).
692:, the corps, rank and seniority correspond to a letter code (e.g. A1, E2, G); the corresponding yearly pay can then be looked up in tables set by the executive. For instance, the topmost
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the number of civil servants in the higher ranks (especially "exceptional class") is constrained by a maximal percentage of the total number of civil servants of the corps.
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the positions are filled by the candidates accepting them called in that order of preference. For some top managerial positions, nominations are at the discretion of the
617:
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High-level administrative positions are typically paid much less than the equivalent positions in private industries. However, members of grand Corps often practice
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and justice, are specifically reserved for nationals, while a minority are open regardless of citizenship. About half of the civil servants are employed in the
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A civil servant must accomplish the orders given by their hierarchical supervisor, unless those orders are evidently illegal and contrary to public interest.
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Civil servant must be neutral with respect to the religious or political opinions, origin, or sex, and should refrain from expressing their own opinions.
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The most common method is to organize written and/or oral exams in subjects pertaining to the tasks to be accomplished. For certain positions, such as
159:(metropolitan and national rail transport authorities) are not civil servants. The Civil Service is also sometimes incorrectly referred to as the
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activities, provided they respect, following university traditions and the dispositions of this code, principles of tolerance and objectivity
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576:) are open only to French nationals. Some rare positions, e.g. university professors and researchers, are open regardless of citizenship.
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Civil servants have duties; failure to carry them out may result in disciplinary action, up to discharge. The main duties are:
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As an exception to the general rules concerning workers, civil servants do not sign contracts; their situation is defined by
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however still exists, and the coziness between some industrial, political and administrative circles is regularly denounced.
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Administrateurs des assemblées parlementaires : administrateur de l'Assemblée nationale, administrateur du Sénat
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is the compound of public administrations and public administrative establishments, not their employees.
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possible bonuses, which depend on the particular job assignment and possibly of the individual worker.
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One cannot be a civil servant if one has been convicted of a crime incompatible with one's functions.
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Civil servants must not use the means at their professional disposal for private gain.
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is a principle recognized (in theory) by the laws of the
Republic, as defined by the
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There are special rules for the pays of elected officials and government ministers.
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positions. Agents operating abroad should be especially prudent. For instance, an
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Most employment positions in the French civil service are open to citizens of the
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should refrain from making any private comment on international issues.
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Members of the great administrative corps are well represented in
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The general rule is that civil servants are recruited through
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Certain corps enjoying particular prestige are called the "
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status. They are generally counted apart. There also exist
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internal, reserved to civil servants in certain positions;
301:). In practice, they are more likely to be employed in
311:, merged with the Corps of Telecommunications in 2009
239:- that is, State Workers - for industrial functions.
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
688:In the case of high-level civil servants known as
616:external, reserved to competitors having certain
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305:positions than in purely technical positions.
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519:are evaluated by elected committees of their
247:Civil servants of the State are divided into
1595:Civil service reform in developing countries
649:The pay of a civil servant is composed of:
568:Most positions are open to citizens of the
254:These corps may themselves be divided into
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479:; furthermore, statute law declares about
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108:Learn how and when to remove this message
523:. Furthermore, judges of the judiciary (
408:Full commitment to professional activity
215:the civil service of local governments (
636:High level nominations are made by the
348:Grand Administrative Corps of the State
208:the civil service of public hospitals (
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151:. For instance, most employees of the
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589:General Statute of the Civil Servants
1252:Code de l'Ă©ducation - Article L952-2
46:adding citations to reliable sources
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969:Equipment, housing, transportation
809:Cooperation with foreign countries
190:The Civil Service is divided into:
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350:, generally recruited through the
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362:Inspection générale des finances
352:École nationale d'administration
194:the civil service of the State (
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587:dispositions, most notably the
317:, des eaux et des forĂŞts (IPEF)
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163:, but, properly speaking, the
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1204:"DĂ©finition des concepts"
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503:Hierarchical obedience
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274:Grands corps de l'État
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57:"French Civil Service"
1408:Public administration
707:On 31 December 1999,
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122:French Civil Service
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731:Military personnel
709:official statistics
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396:) from government.
331:Corps de l'armement
295:École polytechnique
231:, the personnel of
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918:
894:
870:
846:
824:
802:
780:
765:Agriculture
758:
734:
724:Ouvriers EVY
723:
706:
698:
693:
690:hors Ă©chelle
689:
687:
682:
670:
668:
661:overtime pay
654:
648:
635:
623:
597:
592:
578:
567:
559:
551:
541:
537:
534:
524:
509:
506:
484:
466:
454:
451:
423:
420:
411:
403:
393:
387:
382:
376:
374:
347:
286:
277:
269:
263:
259:
253:
248:
246:
236:
228:
224:
222:
216:
209:
203:magistrature
202:
195:
189:
169:
164:
160:
148:
146:
137:
121:
119:
104:
95:
85:
78:
71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
1506:New Zealand
1389:Technocracy
1379:Bureaucracy
1277:, rec. p248
1210:(in French)
1007:20,410 (1)
994:(including
717:Ministries
517:researchers
394:détachement
383:Pantouflage
378:pantouflage
1562:Categories
1439:Bangladesh
1384:Bureaucrat
1259:2018-11-02
1214:2018-11-06
1189:References
703:Statistics
694:traitement
671:traitement
655:traitement
602:, either:
585:regulatory
556:Neutrality
513:professors
473:professors
462:ambassador
458:managerial
438:prostitute
434:delinquent
68:newspapers
1592:See also:
1531:Sri Lanka
1526:Singapore
1459:Hong Kong
1434:Australia
1161:2,285,507
1141:1,685,898
1088:Research
919:1,039,142
679:inflation
659:possible
631:executive
581:statutory
430:judiciary
303:executive
291:engineers
262:, called
186:Divisions
98:June 2024
1610:Category
1516:Pakistan
1501:Malaysia
1403:Diplomat
1362:Concepts
1292:, 338461
1172:See also
1001:161,978
992:Interior
950:117,411
906:942,651
882:187,728
867:318,057
831:Culture
620:and age.
610:and age;
608:diplomas
495:teaching
491:research
442:case law
417:Morality
390:politics
233:military
1511:Nigeria
1486:Ireland
1471:Germany
1289:Matelly
1156:321,481
1151:215,591
1125:
1100:
1094:
1072:
1050:
1047:61,232
1043:Justice
1032:
1026:
1014:184,015
985:117,211
978:11,359
972:95,797
963:134,507
959:
956:17,088
931:
928:22,928
912:96,487
909:
895:204,820
888:16,005
871:409,123
861:49,763
858:33,324
854:Defense
843:
837:
834:12,212
815:
768:29,724
683:Ă©chelon
548:Honesty
448:Reserve
428:or the
327:in 2009
264:classes
82:scholar
1521:Russia
1476:Greece
1466:France
1449:Canada
1444:Brazil
1305:majoré
1146:62,537
1122:1,127
1116:1,367
1097:9,041
1069:2,171
1060:65,998
1053:4,764
1036:10,504
1029:4,093
1023:6,411
1004:1,593
996:police
975:9,508
941:30,108
934:7,158
864:7,979
847:14,744
840:2,532
818:1,660
812:1,851
790:1,934
781:38,097
774:8,316
759:15,050
752:6,767
746:7,159
574:Police
426:police
400:Duties
260:grades
176:police
126:French
84:
77:
70:
63:
55:
1496:Japan
1491:Italy
1481:India
1454:China
1136:Total
1129:3,160
1104:9,061
1082:3,504
825:4,096
803:2,367
735:Total
675:Euros
521:peers
483:that
256:ranks
249:corps
89:JSTOR
75:books
1237:2012
1119:666
1078:865
1075:468
981:547
891:348
885:739
821:585
796:337
755:974
749:150
669:The
583:and
544:").
540:" ("
515:and
493:and
467:The
157:SNCF
155:and
153:RATP
120:The
61:news
1091:20
1010:34
937:22
799:20
793:76
777:23
771:34
685:).
645:Pay
595:).
499:".
282:":
44:by
1612::
1396:/
1206:.
1056:2
998:)
953:8
915:4
633:.
444:.
219:).
212:);
205:);
198:);
182:.
144:.
128::
1347:e
1340:t
1333:v
1239:.
1217:.
591:(
364:.
258:(
136:(
124:(
111:)
105:(
100:)
96:(
86:·
79:·
72:·
65:·
38:.
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