Christian fundamentalism

4548:, Mercer University Press, USA, 2008, p. 125: "Independents assert that the Bible is a unified document containing consistent propositional truths. They accept the supernatural elements of the Bible, affirm that it is infallible in every area of reality, and contend that it is to be interpreted literally in the vast majority of cases. Ultimately, they hold not merely to the inerrancy of Scripture, but to the infallibility of their interpretation of Scripture. The doctrine of premillennialism serves as a case in point. Early on in the movement, Independents embraced premillennialism as the only acceptable eschatological view. The BBU made the doctrine a test of fellowship. When Norris formed his Premillennial Missionary Baptist Fellowship (1933), he made premillennialism a requirement for membership. He held this doctrine to be the only acceptable biblical position, charging conventionism with being postmillennial in orientation." 1926: 1759: 64: 2118:

laws for their states. These included Reverends R. S. Beal and Aubrey L. Moore in Arizona and members of the Creation Research Society in California, all supported by distinguished laymen. They sought to ban evolution as a topic for study, or at least relegate it to the status of unproven theory perhaps taught alongside the biblical version of creation. Educators, scientists, and other distinguished laymen favored evolution. This struggle occurred later in the Southwest than in other US areas and persisted through the Sputnik era.

1656: 2741: 615: 2188: 7190: 2783: 1247: 7179: 2769: 2755: 553: 2173:, as identifying fundamentalism as "far more a psychology than a theology," with characteristics shared by competing competing Christian theologies and competing religions. According French, that psychology is one that shares "three key traits": certainty (of a mind unclouded by doubt), ferocity (against perceived enemies of their religion) and solidarity (of "comrades in the foxhole", a virtue surpassing even piety in importance). 5938: 1906:(WCFA), which became the chief interdenominational fundamentalist organization in the 1920s. Some mark this conference as the public start of Christian fundamentalism. Although the fundamentalist drive to take control of the major Protestant denominations failed at the national level during the 1920s, the network of churches and missions fostered by Riley showed that the movement was growing in strength, especially in 5926: 1774:, understood the conflict between fundamentalism and modernism to be part of a broader social conflict between the cities and the country. In this view the fundamentalists were country and small-town dwellers who were reacting against the progressivism of city dwellers. Fundamentalism was seen as a form of anti-intellectualism during the 1950s; in the early 1960s American intellectual and historian 2091:, which refused to join fundamentalist attacks on evolution. Particularly after the Scopes Trial, liberals saw a division between Christians in favor of the teaching of evolution, whom they viewed as educated and tolerant, and Christians against evolution, whom they viewed as narrow-minded, tribal, and obscurantist. 1819:(2007) identifies a more moderate faction of fundamentalists, which he calls "postfundamentalist", and says "most postfundamentalist evangelicals do not wish to be called fundamentalists, even though their basic theological orientation is not very different". According to Olson, a key event was the formation of the 2045:) and "South Atlantic" (Florida to Maryland), and at 25 percent or below elsewhere in the country, with the low of nine percent in New England. The pattern persisted into the 21st century; in 2006–2010 surveys, the average share of fundamentalists in the East South Central Region stood at 58 percent, while, in 1814:

According to Marsden, recent scholars differentiate "fundamentalists" from "evangelicals" by arguing the former were more militant and less willing to collaborate with groups considered "modernist" in theology. In the 1940s the more moderate faction of fundamentalists maintained the same theology but

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However, the split does not mean that there were just two groups: modernists and fundamentalists. There were also people who considered themselves neo-evangelicals, separating themselves from the extreme components of fundamentalism. These neo-evangelicals also wanted to separate themselves from both

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for failing to take into account the circumstances in which the Christian Bible was written. Critics claim that this "literal interpretation" is not in keeping with the message which the scripture intended to convey when it was written, and it also uses the Bible for political purposes by presenting

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Webb (1991) traces the political and legal struggles between strict creationists and Darwinists to influence the extent to which evolution would be taught as science in Arizona and California schools. After Scopes was convicted, creationists throughout the United States sought similar anti-evolution

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Catholic fundamentalists, like their Protestant counterparts, fear that the church has abandoned the unchanging truth of past tradition for the evolving speculations of modern theology. They fear that Christian societies have replaced systems of absolute moral norms with subjective decision making

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objections to Darwin's theory. Creation science also differed in terms of popular leadership, rhetorical tone, and sectional focus. It lacked a prestigious leader like Bryan, utilized pseudoscientific argument rather than religious rhetoric, and was a product of California and Michigan rather than

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were American evangelical Christians who in the 20th century opposed "both modernism in theology and the cultural changes that modernism endorsed. Militant opposition to modernism was what most clearly set off fundamentalism." Others viewing militancy as a core characteristic of the fundamentalist

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In the 1920s, Christian fundamentalists "differed on how to understand the account of creation in Genesis" but they "agreed that God was the author of creation and that humans were distinct creatures, separate from animals, and made in the image of God." While some of them advocated the belief in

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Beginning in the late 1960s, the movement began to be seen as "a bona fide religious, theological and even intellectual movement in its own right". Instead of interpreting fundamentalism as a simple anti-intellectualism, Paul Carter argued that "fundamentalists were simply intellectual in a way

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and hiring him to serve as an assistant to the local prosecutor, who helped draw national media attention to the trial. In the half century after the Scopes Trial, fundamentalists had little success in shaping government policy, and they were generally defeated in their efforts to reshape the

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and the majority of contemporary historical accounts. Rather, he argues, the cause of fundamentalism's retreat was the death of its leader, Bryan. Most fundamentalists saw the trial as a victory rather than a defeat, but Bryan's death soon afterward created a leadership void that no other

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insisted that the Bible was inerrant because God inspired or "breathed" his exact thoughts into the biblical writers (2 Timothy 3:16). Princeton theologians believed that the Bible should be read differently than any other historical document, and they also believed that Christian

2410:. Chaplin in particular supported the creation of "Orthodox squads" in order to punish people from carrying out "blasphemous acts" in religious places. Some have argues that the Sorok Sorkov Movement has been involved in protecting the construction of Russian Orthodox churches in 2206:

as an important sign of the fulfillment of biblical prophecy, and support for Israel became the centerpiece of their approach to U.S. foreign policy. United States Supreme Court decisions also ignited fundamentalists' interest in organized politics, particularly

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could be reconciled with the Bible, and others were comfortable teaching some forms of God-directed evolution. Riley and the more strident fundamentalists, however, associated evolution with last-days atheism, and they made it their mission to purge it from the

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Ronald D. Witherup, a Catholic scholar, says: "Essentially, fundamentalists see themselves as defending authentic Christian religion... The militant aspect helps to explain the desire of fundamentalists to become active in political change." Ronald D. Witherup,

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fundamentalist leader could fill. Unlike the other fundamentalist leaders, Bryan brought name recognition, respectability, and the ability to forge a broad-based coalition of fundamentalist religious groups to argue in favor of the anti-evolutionist position.

1823:(NAE) in 1942. Barry Hankins (2008) has a similar view, saying "beginning in the 1940s....militant and separatist evangelicals came to be called fundamentalists, while culturally engaged and non-militant evangelicals were supposed to be called evangelicals." 1671:

of the Bible by developing from the 1840s to 1920 the doctrine of inerrancy, was another influence in the movement. This doctrine, also called biblical inerrancy, stated that the Bible was divinely inspired, religiously authoritative, and without error. The

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in this sense does not mean 'violent', it means 'aggressively active in a cause'. Marsden saw fundamentalism arising from a number of preexisting evangelical movements that responded to various perceived threats by joining forces. He argued that Christian

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Although fundamentalists differed on how to understand the account of creation in Genesis, they agreed that God was the author of creation and that humans were distinct creatures, separate from animals, and made in the image of God. Some believed than an

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In the early 1940s, evangelicals and fundamentalist Christians began to part ways over whether to separate from modern culture (the fundamentalist approach) or engage with it. An organization very much on the side of separation from modernity was the

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Timothy Weber views fundamentalism as "a rather distinctive modern reaction to religious, social and intellectual changes of the late 1800s and early 1900s, a reaction that eventually took on a life of its own and changed significantly over time".

1860:(1873–1955), who led 80 churches out of the Baptist federation in Ontario in 1927 and formed the Union of Regular Baptist Churches of Ontario and Quebec. He was affiliated with the Baptist Bible Union, based in the United States. His newspaper, 1910:. Both rural and urban in character, the flourishing movement acted as a denominational surrogate and fostered a militant evangelical Christian orthodoxy. Riley was president of WCFA until 1929, after which the WCFA faded in importance. The 1965:

was influential in preaching the imminence of the Kingdom of God that was so important to dispensationalism. Bible colleges prepared ministers who lacked college or seminary experience with intense study of the Bible, often using the

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and David Wright (1992) argue that "in the 1920s, militant conservatives (fundamentalists) united to mount a conservative counter-offensive. Fundamentalists sought to rescue their denominations from the growth of modernism at home."

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to match their view of science. They denied biblical miracles and argued that God manifests himself through the social evolution of society. Conservatives resisted these changes. These latent tensions rose to the surface after

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Edwards (2000), however, challenges the consensus view among scholars that in the wake of the Scopes trial, fundamentalism retreated into the political and cultural background, a viewpoint which is evidenced in the movie

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Young, F. Lionel, III, (2005). "To the Right of Billy Graham: John R. Rice's 1957 Crusade Against New Evangelicalism and the End of the Fundamentalist-Evangelical Coalition". Th. M. Thesis, Trinity Evangelical Divinity

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Hence it is impossible to speak of fundamentalists as a discrete group. Rather, one must speak of fundamentalist Baptists, fundamentalist Methodists, fundamentalist Presbyterians, fundamentalist independents, and the

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The Encyclopedia of American Religions, Religious Creeds: A Compilation of More Than 450 Creeds, Confessions, Statements of Faith, and Summaries of Doctrine of Religious and Spiritual Groups in the United States and

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By the beginning of the 1930s fundamentalism appeared to be in disarray everywhere. Scholarly studies sprang up which claimed that fundamentalism was the last gasp of a dying religious order that was quickly

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The interpretations given the fundamentalist movement have changed over time, with most older interpretations being based on the concepts of social displacement or cultural lag. Some in the 1930s, including

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In recent times, the courts have heard cases on whether or not the Book of Genesis's creation account should be taught in science classrooms alongside evolution, most notably in the 2005 federal court case

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The original fundamentalist movement divided along clearly defined lines within conservative evangelical Protestantism as issues progressed. Many groupings, large and small, were produced by this schism.

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Much of the enthusiasm for mobilizing fundamentalism came from Protestant seminaries and Protestant "Bible colleges" in the United States. Two leading fundamentalist seminaries were the dispensationalist

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Philip H. Melling, Fundamentalism in America: millennialism, identity and militant religion (1999). As another scholar points out, "One of the major distinctives of fundamentalism is militancy."

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have all developed distinct identities, but none of them acknowledge any more than an historical overlap with the fundamentalist movement, and the term is seldom used of them. The broader term "

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Bible Baptist Churches, Fundamental Baptist Churches or Independent Baptist Churches refuse any form of ecclesial authority other than that of the local church. Great emphasis is placed on the

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movement. By the late 1920s the national media had identified it with the South, largely ignoring manifestations elsewhere. In the mid-twentieth century, several Methodists left the mainline

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ran for the presidency in 1980, fundamentalist preachers, like the prohibitionist ministers of the early 20th century, were organizing their congregations to vote for supportive candidates.

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being its textbook. The trial ended with the judge deciding that teaching intelligent design in a science class was unconstitutional as it was a religious belief and not science.

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in Chicago, set up The Peoples Church in Toronto in 1928. A dynamic preacher and leader in Canadian fundamentalism, Smith wrote 35 books and engaged in missionary work worldwide.

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The latter half of the twentieth century witnessed a surge of interest in organized political activism by U.S. fundamentalists. Dispensational fundamentalists viewed the 1948

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exist to encourage dialogue between fundamentalist bodies of different denominational backgrounds. Other fundamentalist denominations have little contact with other bodies.

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Fundamentalism draws from multiple traditions in British and American theologies during the 19th century. According to authors Robert D. Woodberry and Christian S. Smith,

2017:, which is fundamentalist in its theological orientation. By the 1970s Protestant fundamentalism was deeply entrenched and concentrated in the U.S. South. In 1972–1980 1364:, and the role of the church in society. Fundamentalists usually believe in a core of Christian beliefs, typically called the "Five Fundamentals", this arose from the 6390: 1864:

reached 30,000 subscribers in 16 countries, giving him an international reputation. He was one of the founders of the international Council of Christian Churches.

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entered the English language in 1922, and it is often capitalized when it is used in reference to the religious movement. By the end of the 20th century, the term

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Laats, Adam (Feb. 2010). "Forging a Fundamentalist 'One Best System': Struggles over Curriculum and Educational Philosophy for Christian Day Schools, 1970–1989",

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public office that shared their values (e.g., anti-abortion). The Logos Foundation disbanded shortly after an adulterous affair by Carter became public in 1990.

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In the 1930s, fundamentalism was viewed by many as a "last gasp" vestige of something from the past but more recently, scholars have shifted away from that view.

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Reid, D. G., Linder, R. D., Shelley, B. L., & Stout, H. S. (1990). In Dictionary of Christianity in America. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. Entry on

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Hankins, Barry (2008). "'We're All Evangelicals Now': The Existential and Backward Historiography of Twentieth-Century Evangelicalism". In Harper, Keith (ed.).

2568:, herald the beliefs of "separation from the world, from false doctrines, from other ecclesiastical connections" as well as place heavy emphasis on practicing 4956: 3924: 2246:

began to have a major impact on American politics. In the 1980s and 1990s, the Christian Right was influencing elections and policy with groups such as the

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Rennie, Ian S. (1994). "Fundamentalism and the Varieties of North Atlantic Evangelicalism". in Mark A. Noll, David W. Bebbington and George A. Rawlyk eds.

5696: 5197: 2158:" includes fundamentalists as well as people with similar or identical religious beliefs who do not engage the outside challenge to the Bible as actively. 4755: 4716:

In fundamentalists circles, both Catholic and Protestant, God is often presented more as a God of judgment and punishment than as a God of love and mercy.

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different than their opponents". Moving into the 1970s, Earnest R. Sandeen saw fundamentalism as arising from the confluence of Princeton theology and

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their children. Artists have addressed the issues of Christian fundamentalism, with one providing a slogan "America's Premier Child Abuse Brand."

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movement with denominations that do not have the same beliefs. Many Independent Fundamentalist Baptist (IFB) churches adhere to only using the

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movement of the 1960s. Despite some similarities between these two causes, the creation science movement represented a shift from religious to

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and "associated evolution with last-days atheism." These "strident fundamentalists" in the 1920s devoted themselves to fighting against the

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In contrast to the higher criticism, fundamentalism claims to keep the Bible open for the people. However, through the complexity of the

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David R. Elliott, "Knowing No Borders: Canadian Contributions to American Fundamentalism," in George A. Rawlyk and Mark A. Noll, eds.,

2414:, though the facts have been hard to verify with this. Just as many sources have argued that these acts were more in line with violent 7871: 7390: 6400: 5930: 5518:

Elliott, David R. (1993). "Knowing No Borders: Canadian Contributions to Fundamentalism". In George A. Rawlyk and Mark A. Noll, eds.

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Grasmick, H. G.; Bursik, R. J.; Kimpel, M. (1991). "Protestant fundamentalism and attitudes toward corporal punishment of children".

1899: 5565:(1998). "The Tie that Divides: Presbyterian Ecumenism, Fundamentalism and the History of Twentieth-Century American Protestantism". 1840:

Fundamentalist movements existed in most North American Protestant denominations by 1919 following attacks on modernist theology in

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Biblical inerrancy was a particularly significant rallying point for fundamentalists. This approach to the Bible is associated with

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framework, it has actually forced lay readers to remain dependent upon the inductive methods of Bible teachers and ministers.

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and relativism. Like Protestant fundamentalists, Catholic fundamentalists propose a worldview that is rigorous and clear cut.

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Yet Saints Their Watch Are Keeping: Fundamentalists, Modernists, and the Development of Evangelical Ecclesiology, 1887–1937

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Conservative Holiness Pastsors' Ability to Assess Depression and their Willingness to refer to Mental Health Professionals

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shifted the interpretation away from the view that fundamentalism was a last-gasp attempt to preserve a dying way of life.

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often appears in the name of the church or denomination. The independence of the church is claimed and affiliation with a

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Evangelicalism: Comparative Studies of Popular Protestantism in North America, the British Isles and Beyond, 1700–1990.

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Evangelicalism: Comparative Studies of Popular Protestantism in North America, the British Isles and Beyond, 1700–1990.

5125:"Disinformation and Echo Chambers: How Disinformation Circulates on Social Media Through Identity-Driven Controversies" 2650: 1314: 1270: 5877:

Woods, Thomas E. et al. "Fundamentalism: What Role did the Fundamentalists Play in American Society of the 1920s?" in

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William Vance Trollinger, Jr. "Riley's Empire: Northwestern Bible School and Fundamentalism in the Upper Midwest".

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in favor of more traditional doctrines as fundamentalists. The term is sometimes mistakenly confused with the term

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Beyond Biblical Literalism and Inerrancy: Conservative Protestants and the Hermeneutic Interpretation of Scripture

1723:, would have a considerable influence in the movement by training students who will establish various independent 1405:, written by conservative Protestant theologians in an attempt to defend beliefs which they considered Protestant 7901: 6421: 6319: 6287: 2746: 2227: 1454: 1430: 925: 416: 4964: 4210: 2403: 1925: 1512:

Some who hold certain, but not all beliefs in common with the original fundamentalist movement reject the label

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the fundamentalist movement and the mainstream evangelical movement due to their anti-intellectual approaches.

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Woodberry, Robert D; Smith, Christian S. (1998). "Fundamentalism et al: conservative Protestants in America".

7972: 7850: 6920: 6242: 5411: 1705: 1421:. Many churches which embraced fundamentalism adopted a militant attitude with regard to their core beliefs. 1373: 1263: 834: 788: 756: 231: 5046: 4179:

Webb, George E. (1991). "The Evolution Controversy in Arizona and California: From the 1920s to the 1980s".

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called him "the greatest combination pastor, hymn writer, missionary statesman, an evangelist of our time."

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extended beyond the original movement which coined the term and those who self-identify as fundamentalists.

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as a modern Tsar, though it is unclear as to whether or not this is a message of support for Putin or not.

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Fed Up with Fundamentalism: A Historical, Theological, and Personal Appraisal of Christian Fundamentalism

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became a leading association of independent U.S. fundamentalist churches upon its founding in 1930. The

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Bebbington, David W. (1993). "Martyrs for the Truth: Fundamentalists in Britain". In Diana Wood, ed.

5223:"Religious fundamentalism a mental illness? | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis" 5172:"Kathleen Taylor, Neuroscientist, Says Religious Fundamentalism Could Be Treated As A Mental Illness" 5077: 4986: 4807:"The reported death of the 'White Widow' and her 12-year-old son should make us face some hard facts" 4701: 3251: 2700: 2375: 2074:

in the nation's schools and colleges, especially by passing state laws that affected public schools.

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Statements of faith from fundamentalist churches will often affirm both infallibility and inerrancy.

2441: 1409:. The movement became more organized within U.S. Protestant churches in the 1920s, especially among 7952: 7835: 7129: 7029: 6844: 6809: 6735: 6691: 6686: 6483: 6309: 6154: 6051: 6046: 2857: 2585: 1968: 1857: 1543: 1369: 1228: 1175: 534: 514: 151: 111: 74: 5879:

History in Dispute Vol. 3: American Social and Political Movements, 1900–1945: Pursuit of Progress

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Gregg Roberts, "Sex Scandal Divides the Bible Belt", Sydney Morning Herald, 13 October 1990, p.74

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defined fundamentalism as "militantly anti-modernist Protestant evangelicalism" in his 1980 work

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Mark Edwards, "Rethinking the Failure of Fundamentalist Political Antievolutionism after 1925".

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Spirit Scapes: Mapping the Spiritual & Scientific Terrain at the Dawn of the New Millennium

2872: 2639: 2635: 2597: 2495: 2379: 2330: 2083: 1996: 1984: 1907: 1641: 1565:; Southerners remained unified in their opposition to both. ... Modernists attempted to update 1542:

The movement has its origins in 1878 in a meeting of the "Believers' Meeting for Bible Study" (

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ruling the teaching of intelligent design to be unconstitutional due to its religious roots.

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Gatewood (1969) analyzes the transition from the anti-evolution crusade of the 1920s to the

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interpreted it in terms of status anxiety, social displacement, and 'Manichean mentality'.

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against LGBT people in Russia. The Sorok Sorokov Movement has also been connected to the

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issuance of "The Doctrinal Deliverance of 1910". Topics included are statements on the

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1997 16(3): 10–18. 0891–9666; Burton W. Folsom, Jr. "The Scopes Trial Reconsidered."

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in public schools. This has resulted in legal challenges such as the federal case of

2674: 2511: 2445: 2302: 1954: 1450: 1438: 1215: 1185: 1165: 1098: 1048: 976: 793: 652: 642: 406: 391: 283: 5635: 4869: 1987:, the movement's largest base of popular support was in the South, especially among 7916: 7810: 7683: 6839: 6681: 6656: 6235: 6195: 5484: 5370:(1990). "Baptists and Fundamentalists in Inter-War Britain". In Keith Robbins, ed. 5367: 5300: 5278: 5136: 5089: 4905:"Christian fundamentalist schools 'performed blood curdling exorcisms on children'" 4841: 4440:"Analysis: Sexism, homophobia, and anti-Western narratives on Russian social media" 4422:"Analysis: Sexism, homophobia, and anti-Western narratives on Russian social media" 4407:

The Logos Foundation: The rise and fall of Christian Reconstructionism in Australia

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American Denominational History: Perspectives on the Past, Prospects for the Future

3353: 2907: 2832: 2631: 2569: 2407: 2318: 2106: 1856:

In Canada, fundamentalism was less prominent, but an early leader was English-born

1668: 1588: 1393: 1352:

and biblical inerrancy, in keeping with traditional Christian doctrines concerning

1200: 1093: 844: 716: 647: 211: 96: 5744:

Amazing Grace: Evangelicalism in Australia, Britain, Canada, and the United States

5520:

Amazing Grace: Evangelicalism in Australia, Britain, Canada and the United States.

5093: 5014:"Apocalyptic upbringing: how I recovered from my terrifying evangelical childhood" 3911:

Amazing Grace: Evangelicalism in Australia, Britain, Canada, and the United States

3729:(1961) which cites "militant suffragist" and "militant trade unionism" as example. 7962: 7957: 7906: 7736: 7618: 7602: 7592: 7558: 7431: 7316: 7048: 6954: 6745: 6443: 5766: 5642: 5582: 5542:

American Evangelicals: A Contemporary History of A Mainstream Religious Movement.

5488: 5480: 5327: 5304: 5296: 4729: 4358: 4347: 3929: 3787: 3656: 3592: 3559: 2970: 2912: 2882: 2827: 2788: 2704: 2670:

God "more as a God of judgement and punishment than as a God of love and mercy."

2243: 2219:

in 1963, which prohibited mandatory Bible reading in public schools. By the time

2209: 2182: 2151: 1980:

with detailed notes which interprets passages from a dispensational perspective.

1867: 1802: 1655: 1410: 1038: 947: 529: 484: 376: 261: 256: 4405: 4054:

In Search of Another Country: Mississippi and the Conservative Counterrevolution

3357: 1848:

denominations. Fundamentalism was especially controversial among Presbyterians.

1815:

began calling themselves "evangelicals" to stress their less militant position.

7947: 7820: 7731: 7377: 7334: 7044: 6944: 6740: 6629: 6575: 6508: 6488: 6247: 6088: 5624: 5288: 3093:

The Apocalyptic Vision in America: Interdisciplinary Essays on Myth and Culture

2867: 2852: 2541: 2472: 2427: 2351:. Orthodox Christian fundamentalism was often connected strongly to a sense of 2322: 2298: 2239: 2195: 1789: 1747: 1521: 1477: 1446: 1326: 1309:. In its modern form, it began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among 1084: 1043: 1023: 894: 859: 711: 632: 489: 386: 320: 31: 5477:"Roman Catholic Traditionalism and Activist Conservatism in the United States" 5140: 4883: 4845: 2293:, was a controversial Christian ministry in the 1970s and 1980s that promoted 7987: 7967: 7779: 6969: 6900: 6750: 6458: 6098: 6093: 5385:

Studies in Church History subsidia 7, 297–326. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers,

5148: 5101: 5025: 4853: 2695:

Researchers find evidence anchoring Christian fundamentalism with beliefs in

2259: 2231: 2220: 2191: 2110: 2021:, 65 percent of respondents from the "East South Central" region (comprising 1918:

was founded for fundamental Christian denominations as an alternative to the

1783: 1739: 1724: 1677: 997: 904: 701: 696: 524: 519: 474: 315: 192: 55: 4018: 3494: 1520:

nature, while others consider it a banner of pride. In certain parts of the

1445:(renamed IFCA International in 1996), while many theologically conservative 7942: 7937: 7815: 7769: 7746: 7741: 7543: 6782: 6730: 6661: 6651: 6332: 6264: 6129: 6025: 5796:

The Roots of Fundamentalism: British and American Millenarianism, 1800–1930

4191:

Curtis, Christopher K. (1986). "Mississippi's Anti-Evolution Law of 1926".

2927: 2922: 2623: 2453: 2251: 2170: 2079: 1962: 1875: 1871: 1841: 1807: 1701: 1697: 1566: 1342: 953: 726: 606: 421: 5400:

Studies in Church History Vol. 30, 417–451. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers,

4861: 7678: 7293: 7084: 6834: 6797: 6646: 6498: 6473: 6370: 5076:

Olshansky, Alex; Peaslee, Robert M.; Landrum, Asheley R. (2 April 2020).

4693: 4410:. School of Journalism & Communication, The University of Queensland. 4386: 3588: 2847: 2712: 2681: 2430:. The Sorok Sorokov Movement has its own political party as well, called 2415: 2355:, since the Russian Orthodox Church often has a strong connection to the 2275: 2213:

in 1962, which prohibited state-sanctioned prayer in public schools, and

2187: 2155: 2046: 2030: 1816: 1616: 1571: 1468: 1068: 1028: 1013: 899: 839: 783: 499: 339: 300: 293: 246: 221: 216: 170: 5658: 5497:, 1. Chicago, Il; London: University of Chicago Press. pp. 66–141. 7774: 7709: 7688: 7653: 6932: 6671: 6468: 6124: 6056: 5808: 5627:(1995). "Fundamentalism as an American Phenomenon". In D. G. Hart, ed. 4167:

Controversy in the Twenties: Fundamentalism, Modernism, & Evolution

4039:

Rethinking Zion: how the print media placed fundamentalism in the South

4020: 3896:

C. Allyn Russell, "Thomas Todhunter Shields: Canadian Fundamentalist,"

3496: 2797: 2465: 2383: 1763: 1686: 1517: 1008: 371: 354: 349: 136: 5313:, 1. Chicago, Il; London: University of Chicago Press. pp. 1–65. 2359:. This Church-state connection has arguably existed since the time of 7487: 7469: 7089: 6937: 6772: 6762: 6755: 6713: 6708: 6503: 6463: 5736:

Noll, Mark A., David W. Bebbington and George A. Rawlyk eds. (1994).

5718: 5562: 5198:"How Do You Distinguish between Religious Fervor and Mental Illness?" 2716: 2638:

and lay heavy emphasis on historic confessions of faith, such as the

2515: 2022: 1887: 1682: 1558: 1502: 1418: 1406: 1322: 1170: 1033: 1003: 479: 396: 327: 5513:

Christian Jihad: Neo-Fundamentalists and the Polarization of America

5356:

The Making of Evangelicalism: From Revivalism to Politics and Beyond

4546:

The Baptist River: Essays on Many Tributaries of a Diverse Tradition

3995:

Reforming Fundamentalism: Fuller Seminary and the New Evangelicalism

3860:

Reforming Fundamentalism: Fuller Seminary and the New Evangelicalism

3807:

Reforming Fundamentalism: Fuller Seminary and the New Evangelicalism

3527:

Reforming Fundamentalism: Fuller Seminary and the New Evangelicalism

2727:

United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

2688:, with most practitioners believing that the Bible requires them to 1348:

Fundamentalists are almost always described as upholding beliefs in

7250: 6478: 6347: 2782: 2754: 2367: 2305:

theology. They also actively campaigned for several candidates for

2042: 2026: 1353: 1334: 1302: 1018: 889: 366: 288: 241: 7234: 2707:. Fundamentalists have attempted and continue to attempt to teach 1806:

movement include Philip Melling, Ung Kyu Pak and Ronald Witherup.

1528:

with the intent to stir up religious hatred is a violation of the

7178: 6787: 6767: 6624: 6513: 5976:

Online version of "The Fundamentals", not complete at 2011-07-26.

5937: 5372:

Protestant Evangelicalism: Britain, Ireland, Germany and America

4731:

Superchurch: The Rhetoric and Politics of American Fundamentalism

3307:

The Routledge Handbook of International Crime and Justice Studies

2989: 2987: 2942: 2768: 2498:

of the Bible as the primary method of Bible study as well as the

2371: 2326: 2034: 1999:

and established fundamental Methodist denominations, such as the

1845: 1414: 1402: 1053: 778: 751: 552: 381: 361: 251: 5707:. Independence, Mo.: American Association of Christian Schools. 5054: 4141:

1988 (12): 103–127. 0277–1446, by a leading conservative scholar

3188:

Being the Chosen: Exploring a Christian Fundamentalist Worldview

2600:

is infrequent, although there are fundamentalist denominations.

5994: 5925: 5852:

God's Empire: William Bell Riley and Midwestern Fundamentalism.

2411: 2399: 2340: 1720: 1557:, tensions developed between Northern evangelical leaders over 1391:. The ideology became active in the 1910s after the release of 1205: 706: 5283:

Strong Religion: The Rise of Fundamentalisms around the World.

4291:

Dispensationalism and United States foreign policy with Israel

3925:"Fundamentalism turns 100, a landmark for the Christian Right" 2984: 2645:

Examples of Reformed fundamentalist denominations include the

2514:

is common among Independent Baptists. They are opposed to any

1592:

was published by the Testimony Publishing Company of Chicago.

1372:

and all of the events which are recorded in it as well as the

6720: 6180: 6119: 6076: 5768:

Voices of American Fundamentalism: Seven Biographical Studies

5725:. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 311–389. 3570: 3568: 2689: 2662: 2386:'s 2012 protests, which were themselves against increasingly 2038: 1977: 1612: 1361: 721: 683: 344: 5446:

Revive Us Again: The Reawakening of American Fundamentalism.

4756:"Fundamentalist Christianity and Child Abuse: A Taboo Topic" 4584:

Kurian, George Thomas; Lamport, Mark A. (10 November 2016).

4023:; Carter Lindberg; J. William Frost; Dana L. Robert (1998). 3576:

The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 1: Religion

3499:; Carter Lindberg; J. William Frost; Dana L. Robert (1998). 3428:

La Bible au pied de la lettre, Le fondamentalisme questionné

3372:

Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism: Revised and expanded edition

2614:

Reformed fundamentalism includes those denominations in the

2398:. The Sorok Sorokov Movement has received support from many 2198:

was a key step in the formation of the "New Christian Right"

1949:, formed in 1929 under the leadership and funding of former 4932:"James Dobson: Beat Your Dog, Spank Your Kid, Go to Heaven" 4782:"The larger problem of sexual abuse in evangelical circles" 4697:

Faith, Religion & Theology: A Contemporary Introduction

3247:

Faith, Religion & Theology: A Contemporary Introduction

3225: 2234:. Beginning with Grant's American Christian Cause in 1974, 1886:

A leading organizer of the fundamentalist campaign against

1727:

and fundamentalist churches in the southern United States.

1690: 5723:

A History of Christianity in the United States and Canada.

3565: 2462:

a return of the Russian Tsar as supreme autocrat of Russia

1383:

which believe in various theologies, rather than a single

5363:

Blessed Assurance: A History of Evangelicalism in America

4627:

Samuel S. Hill, Charles H. Lippy, Charles Reagan Wilson,

3443:

The American Evangelical Story: A History of the Movement

3244:

Hill, Brennan; Knitter, Paul F.; Madges, William (1997).

5907:

partial version at web.archive.org. Accessed 2011-07-26.

5897:

Evangelicalism and Fundamentalism: A Documentary Reader.

5872:

Biblical Fundamentalism: What Every Catholic Should Know

5685:: 3–34. Archived from the original on 10 September 2005. 3845:

Francis Schaeffer and the shaping of Evangelical America

3776:

Biblical Fundamentalism: What Every Catholic Should Know

2382:. The Sorok Sorokov Movement was founded in reaction to 5075: 2374:

Vladimir Nosov founded the Orthodox fundamentalist and

2226:

Leaders of the newly political fundamentalism included

4694:

Brennan Hill; Paul F. Knitter; William Madges (1997).

4476:"Russian Orthodox nationalists hope for tsar's return" 4458:"Russian Orthodox nationalists hope for tsar's return" 3578:, University of North Carolina Press, USA, 2006, p. 77 3503:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 484. 3095:. Bowling Green University Popular Press. p. 55. 4257: 4027:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 484. 2343:, Christian fundamentalism is often based around the 2282:, formerly known as the "Christian Outreach Centre". 1870:(1889–1986), reared in rural Ontario and educated at 1599:) influenced the movement with the definition of the 1471:

activist conservative associations who reject modern

5830:(1st ed.). Wilsonton, Queensland: Robyn Small. 4831: 2736: 1457:; in various countries, national bodies such as the 5901:Torrey, R. A., Dixon, A. C., et al. (eds.) (1917). 3562:, John Bartkowski, Sociology of Religion, 57, 1996. 3113: 2161:Writing in 2023, conservative Christian journalist 1597:

Presbyterian Church in the United States of America

5985:WELS Topical Q&A: Essential Christian Doctrine 5950:A. C. Dixon, Chicago Liberals and the Fundamentals 5912:The Antievolution Pamphlets of William Bell Riley. 5742:Rawlyk, George A., and Mark A. Noll, eds. (1993). 4211:"Kitzmiller v. Dover: Intelligent Design on Trial" 3687: 3685: 3165:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 39. 4586:Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States 4359:Lyons, J., "God Remains an Issue in Queensland", 4236:s:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District et al. 3803: 3243: 2843:Conservative evangelicalism in the United Kingdom 2680:Christian fundamentalism has also been linked to 1900:Northwestern Bible and Missionary Training School 7985: 7409:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference 5846:Canadian Evangelicalism in the Twentieth Century 5695:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 5665:Understanding Fundamentalism and Evangelicalism. 5249:"Victory in the Challenge to Intelligent Design" 5122: 4495:"Russian nationalists hope for return of a czar" 3885:Canadian Evangelicalism in the Twentieth Century 3863:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 109–118. 3433: 3279:Waldman, Steve; Green, John C. (29 April 2004). 2813:Christian fundamentalism and conspiracy theories 2128:. Creationism was presented under the banner of 1586:From 1910 until 1915, a series of essays titled 1341:, which they considered the fundamentals of the 7284:General Association of Regular Baptist Churches 5962:Earliest Written Version of The Five Essentials 5474: 3682: 3490: 3488: 3322:, Westminster John Knox Press, USA, 1998, p. 15 3287:. Frontline: The Jesus Factor. Boston: PBS/WGBH 3231: 2661:Fundamentalists' literal interpretation of the 2483: 2262:) helping conservative politicians, especially 2062:and a few of them even advocated the belief in 1124:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 7236:Evangelical Protestantism in the United States 4884:"Religious Attitudes on Corporal Punishment -" 4639: 4637: 4574:, Columbia University Press, USA, 2005, p. 141 4561:, Columbia University Press, USA, 2005, p. 115 3343: 2169:'s Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission, 7220: 6894:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 6593: 6010: 5475:Dinges, William D.; Hitchcock, James (1991). 5169: 5078:"Flat-Smacked! Converting to Flat Eartherism" 4930:Newhall, Barbara Falconer (10 October 2014). 4583: 4090: 4088: 3762:Millennialism in the Korean Protestant Church 3638: 3309:, Routledge, Abingdon-on-Thames, 2013, p. 522 2402:of the Russian Orthodox Church, most notably 2066:, other "strident fundamentalists" advocated 1957:. Many Bible colleges were modeled after the 1271: 575: 5753:New York: Oxford University Press. 333–364, 4631:, Mercer University Press, USA, 2005, p. 336 4044: 3636: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3485: 3374:, Baylor University Press, USA, 2004, p. 278 3278: 3130: 3128: 2556:. Additionally, Methodist connexions in the 2390:policies in Russia, including moves towards 1497:acquired a pejorative connotation, denoting 7274:Conservative Baptist Association of America 5910:Trollinger, William Vance Jr., ed. (1995). 5579:The American quest for the primitive church 5039: 4648:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 42. 4634: 4097:"The Day Christian Fundamentalism Was Born" 4057:. Princeton University Press. p. 169. 4025:Christianity: A Social and Cultural History 3953:"The Day Christian Fundamentalism Was Born" 3727:Merriam Webster Third Unabridged Dictionary 3530:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 118. 3501:Christianity: A Social and Cultural History 2703:and linking extreme religious fervour with 1912:Independent Fundamental Churches of America 1753: 1443:Independent Fundamental Churches of America 1379:Fundamentalism manifests itself in various 7478:Christian Reformed Church in North America 7227: 7213: 6017: 6003: 5980:The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth 5973:The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth 5904:The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth 5790:Fundamentalism: A Very Short Introduction. 5293:"North American Protestant Fundamentalism" 5123:Diaz Ruiz, Carlos; Nilsson, Tomas (2023). 4602: 4085: 3998:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 33. 3922: 3417:, Oxford University Press, UK, 1980, p. 20 3154: 2961: 2959: 2603: 1983:Although U.S. fundamentalism began in the 1704:approaches to Scripture, ranging from the 1589:The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth 1449:in the Methodist tradition (who adhere to 1278: 1264: 613: 582: 568: 62: 7882:Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus 7872:Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood 7391:Christian Churches and Churches of Christ 4588:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 931. 3615: 3597:. Wood Lake Publishing Inc. p. 161. 3387:The Fundamentals A Testimony to the Truth 3179: 3125: 3084: 3005: 2464:. The group as a particular affinity for 5798:, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 5287: 5129:Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 4535:, Scarecrow Press, USA, 2009, p. 234-235 4403: 4397: 4203: 4050: 3237: 3119: 2722:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District 2665:has been criticized by practitioners of 2634:Churches) who adhere to the doctrine of 2274:A major organization of fundamentalist, 2186: 2125:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District 1924: 1904:World Christian Fundamentals Association 1757: 1654: 7549:Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy 5764: 5537:Greenville: Bob Jones University Press. 5535:A History of Fundamentalism in America. 5170:Bennett-Smith, Meredith (31 May 2013). 4929: 4727: 4643: 4343: 4341: 3991: 3856: 3654: 3523: 3446:. Baker Publishing Group. p. 165. 3439: 3204: 2956: 2575: 2566:Evangelical Methodist Church Conference 2562:Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection 2540:Fundamental Methodism includes several 2266:, to win state and national elections. 1881: 1693:just like non-Christian religions did. 14: 7986: 5957:Christian Fundamentalism and the Media 5669: 4987:"Can Art Save Us From Fundamentalism?" 4779: 4608: 4263: 4190: 4094: 3950: 3923:Trollinger, William (8 October 2019). 3832:Pocket History of Evangelical Theology 3693:"The Fundamentalist-Evangelical Split" 3587: 3160: 3134: 3090: 3017:. Gale Research Company. p. 565. 3011: 2996: 2552:, along with their seminaries such as 1916:American Council of Christian Churches 1762:A Christian demonstrator preaching at 1736:American Council of Christian Churches 1633:The belief that Christ's death was an 1595:The Northern Presbyterian Church (now 1459:American Council of Christian Churches 1333:had misunderstood or rejected certain 8039:Culture of the Southern United States 7208: 5998: 5825: 5011: 4728:Edwards, Jonathan J. (1 April 2015). 4629:Encyclopedia of Religion in the South 4533:Historical Dictionary of the Baptists 4215:National Center for Science Education 4095:Sutton, Matthew Avery (25 May 2019). 3951:Sutton, Matthew Avery (25 May 2019). 3339: 3337: 3185: 2468:. The group has at times referred to 2049:, it climbed slightly to 13 percent. 2015:Association of Independent Methodists 7897:National Association of Evangelicals 7554:Fundamentalist–modernist controversy 7348:Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) 7307:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 5870:Witherup, S. S., Ronald, D. (2001). 5647:Fundamentalism and American Culture. 5561: 5431:Studies in Religious Fundamentalism. 4646:The Remaking of Evangelical Theology 4352: 4338: 4178: 3320:The Remaking of Evangelical Theology 3186:Jones, Julie Scott (15 April 2016). 3137:"What Is a Reformed Fundamentalist?" 2446:Russia's unprovoked war with Ukraine 2204:establishment of the state of Israel 1821:National Association of Evangelicals 1744:National Association of Evangelicals 8024:Protestantism in the United Kingdom 5705:Reclaiming Authentic Fundamentalism 5613:New York: Oxford University Press. 5281:, and Emmanuel Sivan, eds. (2003). 4687: 4644:Dorrien, Gary J. (1 January 1998). 4373: 4367: 3740:Fundamentalism and American Culture 3415:Fundamentalism and American Culture 3042:"The Doctrinal Deliverance of 1910" 2285:A former influential group was the 2238:throughout the 1970s and Falwell's 2216:Abington School District v. Schempp 1835: 1794:Fundamentalism and American Culture 1119:Members Church of God International 24: 8019:Protestantism in the United States 5889: 5881:(Gale, 2000), 13pp online at Gale. 5860:, Macon: Mercer University Press, 5657:; the standard scholarly history; 5195: 4381:. Griffith University PhD thesis. 3792:Encyclopedia of the Reformed faith 3334: 2993:Marsden (1980), pp. 55–62, 118–23. 2651:Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster 2478: 2176: 1331:19th-century modernist theologians 25: 8050: 8009:Christian new religious movements 7460:Christian and Missionary Alliance 7442:Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) 5918: 5815:. Liberty, MO: 4-L Publications. 5649:Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4320:The Rise of Baptist Republicanism 4264:French, David (7 December 2023). 4131:David Goetz, "The Monkey Trial". 3900:, 1981, Vol. 24 Issue 1, pp 15–31 3430:, Mediaspaul, France, 1995, p. 20 3281:"Evangelicals v. Fundamentalists" 2280:International Network of Churches 2165:quotes a former president of the 1623:of Scripture as a result of this. 1397:, a twelve-volume set of essays, 27:Pro-literalism Christian movement 7867:Christianity Today International 7514:Association of Vineyard Churches 7302:Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod 7189: 7188: 7177: 6305:State church of the Roman Empire 6024: 5936: 5924: 5679:Detroit Baptist Seminary Journal 5548:Fundamentalism and Evangelicals. 5241: 5215: 5202:Scientific American Blog Network 5189: 5163: 5116: 5069: 4492: 4266:"Why Fundamentalists Love Trump" 4079:"General Social Survey database" 2781: 2767: 2753: 2739: 2550:Fundamental Methodist Conference 2450:Union of Orthodox Banner-Bearers 2349:Russian Orthodox Old-Rite Church 2335:Union of Orthodox Banner-Bearers 2082:by bringing in famed politician 2078:took the initiative in the 1925 2005:Fundamental Methodist Conference 1947:Westminster Theological Seminary 1898:based in Minneapolis, where his 1370:historical accuracy of the Bible 1245: 551: 8034:Discrimination against atheists 8004:Christian theological movements 7902:National Religious Broadcasters 6288:First seven ecumenical councils 5850:Trollinger, William V. (1991). 5794:Sandeen, Ernest Robert (1970). 5591:. San Francisco, Ca: Ignatius. 5577:Hughes, Richard Thomas (1988). 5567:Westminster Theological Journal 5348:Balmer, Randall (2nd ed 2004). 5271: 5005: 4979: 4949: 4923: 4897: 4876: 4825: 4799: 4773: 4748: 4721: 4662: 4621: 4577: 4564: 4551: 4538: 4525: 4486: 4468: 4450: 4432: 4414: 4325: 4312: 4299: 4283: 4252:Fundamentalism and Evangelicals 4244: 4229: 4172: 4159: 4144: 4125: 4071: 4031: 4012: 3985: 3972: 3944: 3916: 3903: 3890: 3877: 3850: 3837: 3824: 3810:. Wm. B. Eerdmans. p. xi. 3797: 3781: 3767: 3754: 3745: 3732: 3719: 3710: 3648: 3581: 3544: 3517: 3476: 3467: 3420: 3407: 3377: 3364: 3325: 3312: 3299: 3272: 3091:Zamora, Lois Parkinson (1982). 2747:Evangelical Christianity portal 2460:, their primary goal is to see 2444:have been highly supportive of 2289:. The Logos Foundation, led by 2269: 1929:J. Gresham Machen Memorial Hall 1659:Princeton Seminary in the 1800s 1531:Racial and Religious Hatred Act 1455:Interchurch Holiness Convention 1441:) have been represented by the 1431:Westminster Confession of Faith 1425:lay heavy emphasis on historic 7877:Evangelical Climate Initiative 7325:Presbyterian Church in America 7155:Relations with other religions 6561:Church of the East (Nestorian) 6556:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 5703:McLachlan, Douglas R. (1993). 5609:Longfield, Bradley J. (1991). 5604:History of Education Quarterly 5589:Catholicism and Fundamentalism 5522:Grand Rapids: Baker. 349–374, 5350:Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism 5253:American Civil Liberties Union 5012:Hesse, Josiah (5 April 2016). 4670:"A Critique of Fundamentalism" 4333:Evangelicals at the Ballot Box 4193:Journal of Mississippi History 4165:Willard B. Gatewood, Jr., ed. 3982:1988 57(2): 197–212. 0009–6407 3305:Bruce Arrigo, Heather Bersot, 3212:Catholicism and Fundamentalism 3135:Carter, Paul (18 March 2019). 3059: 3034: 2582:nondenominational Christianity 2558:conservative holiness movement 2536:Conservative Holiness Movement 2010:conservative holiness movement 1951:Princeton Theological Seminary 1576:fundamentalist/modernist split 1574:in what came to be called the 1484: 1129:The New Church (Swedenborgian) 1074:Nondenominational Christianity 13: 1: 7851:Transformational Christianity 5856:Utzinger, J. Michael (2006). 5631:303–321. Grand Rapids: Baker. 5611:The Presbyterian Controversy. 5461:The History of Fundamentalism 5433:London: The MacMillan Press, 5373: 5094:10.1080/15348423.2020.1774257 5082:Journal of Media and Religion 4609:Graham, Andrew James (2013). 4307:The Battle over School Prayer 4156:2000 32(2): 89–106. 0884–5379 3360:– via AcademicOne File. 3161:Gasper, Louis (18 May 2020). 2949: 2278:churches in Australia is the 1706:historical-grammatical method 1374:Second Coming of Jesus Christ 8029:Protestantism in South Korea 7796:Apostolic-Prophetic Movement 7624:Baptism with the Holy Spirit 7496:Seventh-day Adventist Church 5844:Stackhouse, John G. (1993). 5459:Cole, Stewart Grant (1931). 5337:New York: Ballantine Books. 3440:Sweeney, Douglas A. (2005). 2656: 2647:Orthodox Presbyterian Church 2546:Evangelical Methodist Church 2529: 2484:Independent Baptist Churches 2312: 2052: 2001:Evangelical Methodist Church 1920:National Council of Churches 1851: 1830: 1134:Unitarians and Universalists 7: 7887:Fuller Theological Seminary 7363:Pentecostal Holiness Church 7259:Southern Baptist Convention 6862:Views on poverty and wealth 5895:Hankins, Barr, ed. (2008). 5663:Marsden, George M. (1991). 5546:Harris, Harriet A. (1998). 5444:Carpenter, Joel A. (1999). 4374:Hey, Sam (September 2010). 4037:Mary Beth Swetnam Mathews, 3992:Marsden, George M. (1995). 3857:Marsden, George M. (1995). 3675:The Roots of Fundamentalism 3673:in 1970 Ernest Shandeen's 3524:Marsden, George M. (1995). 3358:10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.25 3232:Dinges & Hitchcock 1991 3214:. San Francisco: Ignatius. 3163:The Fundamentalist Movement 2823:Christian reconstructionism 2732: 2396:criminalizing homosexuality 2392:decriminalizing wifebeating 2167:Southern Baptist Convention 1936:Dallas Theological Seminary 1717:Dallas Theological Seminary 1299:fundamentalist Christianity 427:United and uniting churches 257:Great Awakenings in America 18:Fundamentalist Christianity 10: 8055: 7912:World Vision United States 7720:Contemporary worship music 7598:Los Angeles Crusade (1949) 7519:Calvary Chapel Association 7107:World Evangelical Alliance 7069:Traditionalist Catholicism 5765:Russell, C. Allyn (1976), 5670:McCune, Rolland D (1998). 5533:Dollar, George W. (1973). 5511:Doner, Colonel V. (2012). 5495:The Fundamentalism Project 5398:Martyrs and Martyrologies, 5311:The Fundamentalism Project 5047:"ESC by Daniel Vander Ley" 3804:George M. Marsden (1995). 3473:Marsden (1980), pp 109–118 3346:Annual Review of Sociology 3012:Melton, J. Gordon (1988). 2933:Traditionalist Catholicism 2607: 2533: 2487: 2378:organization known as the 2316: 2180: 1746:(NAE) founded in 1942, by 1738:, founded in 1941 by Rev. 1647:The historical reality of 1537: 29: 7925: 7859: 7831:New Apostolic Reformation 7788: 7762: 7702: 7659:Christianity and abortion 7611: 7531: 7504: 7486: 7468: 7450: 7417: 7399: 7376: 7358:Pentecostal Church of God 7333: 7315: 7292: 7249: 7242: 7172: 7122: 7102:World Council of Churches 7077: 6995: 6879: 6870: 6825: 6610: 6594: 6589:Latter Day Saint movement 6574: 6534: 6434: 6415: 6361: 6318: 6263: 6169: 6148: 6107: 6075: 6032: 5448:Oxford University Press, 5141:10.1177/07439156221103852 4957:"Spanking in the Spirit?" 4846:10.1891/0886-6708.6.4.283 4734:. MSU Press. p. 12. 4702:Twenty-Third Publications 4051:Crespino, Joseph (2007). 3252:Twenty-Third Publications 2701:modern flat Earth beliefs 1890:in the United States was 7994:Christian fundamentalism 7953:Charles Grandison Finney 7836:Neo-charismatic movement 7806:Christian fundamentalism 7506:Nondenominational Family 7401:Congregationalist Family 7130:Anti-Christian sentiment 6310:Christian biblical canon 5943:Christian fundamentalism 5931:Christian fundamentalism 5828:A Delightful Inheritance 5788:Ruthven, Malise (2007). 5629:Reckoning with the Past, 5606:, 50 (Feb. 2010), 55–83. 5540:Hankins, Barry. (2008). 5490:Fundamentalisms Observed 5361:Balmer, Randall (2000). 5354:Balmer, Randall (2010). 5306:Fundamentalisms Observed 4181:Journal of the Southwest 3482:Sandeen (1970) pp 103–31 3370:Randall Herbert Balmer, 2858:Glossary of Christianity 2715:as its base, in lieu of 2194:, whose founding of the 1969:Scofield Reference Bible 1858:Thomas Todhunter Shields 1754:Changing interpretations 1544:Niagara Bible Conference 1423:Reformed fundamentalists 1295:fundamental Christianity 1291:Christian fundamentalism 127:Relations with Catholics 30:Not to be confused with 7184:Christianity portal 6343:Investiture Controversy 5659:excerpt and text search 5583:excerpt and text search 5429:Caplan, Lionel (1987). 4404:Harrison, John (2006). 2903:Reformed fundamentalism 2610:Reformed fundamentalism 2604:Reformed fundamentalism 2554:Breckbill Bible College 2345:Russian Orthodox Church 2248:Family Research Council 2068:Young Earth Creationism 1516:, due to its perceived 1505:, especially when such 1354:biblical interpretation 558:Christianity portal 7933:Aimee Semple McPherson 7846:Seven Mountain Mandate 7586:Fourth Great Awakening 7569:Second Great Awakening 7427:Church of the Nazarene 7135:Christian universalism 6526:Western Rite Orthodoxy 6371:Protestant Reformation 5967:Fundamentalism Profile 5941:Quotations related to 5587:Keating, Karl (1988). 4305:Bruce J. Dierenfield, 3210:Keating, Karl (1988). 2873:Islamic fundamentalism 2725:which resulted in the 2640:Westminster Confession 2636:biblical infallibility 2598:Christian denomination 2522:, a position known as 2496:literal interpretation 2442:Christian nationalists 2380:Sorok Sorokov Movement 2376:conservative Christian 2331:Sorok Sorokov Movement 2199: 2089:mainline denominations 2084:William Jennings Bryan 2019:General Social Surveys 1930: 1766: 1676:professor of theology 1660: 1642:resurrection of Christ 1580: 1350:biblical infallibility 1319:theological liberalism 540:Spiritual Christianity 7999:Christian terminology 7892:Moody Bible Institute 7841:Red-Letter Christians 7581:Third Great Awakening 7564:First Great Awakening 7437:Free Methodist Church 7378:Restorationist Family 7368:Apostolic Pentecostal 7343:Assemblies of God USA 6793:Anointing of the Sick 5989:Confessional Lutheran 5826:Small, Robyn (2004). 5641:30 March 2012 at the 5196:Morris, Nathaniel P. 4780:Brightbill, Kathryn. 4531:William H. Brackney, 4361:Sydney Morning Herald 4289:Aaron William Stone, 3790:and David F. Wright, 3716:Marsden. (1980), 211. 3558:20 April 2010 at the 3067:"Britannica Academic" 2918:Religious intolerance 2893:Mormon fundamentalism 2888:Moderate Christianity 2878:Jewish fundamentalism 2818:Christian nationalism 2803:Christian eschatology 2534:Further information: 2388:socially conservative 2370:Andrei Kormukhin and 2307:Queensland, Australia 2190: 2072:teaching of evolution 2064:evolutionary creation 2060:Old Earth creationism 1959:Moody Bible Institute 1938:, founded in 1924 by 1928: 1761: 1719:, founded in 1924 in 1667:, which responded to 1658: 1551: 1305:movement emphasizing 7801:Bapticostal movement 7715:Contemporary worship 7694:Second work of grace 7674:Evangelical theology 7539:Azusa Street Revival 7114:Nondenominationalism 6987:Role in civilization 6454:Independent Catholic 6396:Relations with Islam 6376:Catholic Reformation 5933:at Wikimedia Commons 5368:Bebbington, David W. 5277:Almond, Gabriel A., 4834:Violence and Victims 4544:W. Glenn Jonas Jr., 4331:Albert J. Menendez, 4254:(2008), pp. 39, 313. 3883:John G. Stackhouse, 3331:Sandeen (1970), ch 1 3141:The Gospel Coalition 3002:Sandeen (1970), p. 6 2938:True Orthodox church 2863:Hindu fundamentalism 2711:, a hypothesis with 2620:Continental Reformed 2618:(which includes the 2576:Nondenominationalism 2135:Of Pandas and People 1882:In the United States 1499:religious fanaticism 1433:, as well as uphold 1427:confessions of faith 1315:American Protestants 971:Independent Catholic 227:Crypto-Protestantism 164:Bohemian Reformation 36:Fundamental theology 7826:Post-evangelicalism 7644:Biblical patriarchy 7634:Biblical literalism 7317:Presbyterian Family 7269:Missionary Baptists 7264:Independent Baptist 7160:Unlimited atonement 7145:Cultural Christians 6584:Jehovah's Witnesses 6206:Sermon on the Mount 6135:Christian tradition 6062:Lists of Christians 5952:by Gerald L. Priest 5634:Marsden; George M. 5550:Oxford University. 5515:, Samizdat Creative 5418:London: SCM Press. 4991:Religion Dispatches 4967:on 9 September 2018 4911:. 16 September 2016 4572:Baptists in America 4559:Baptists in America 4363:, 18 November 1989. 4335:(1996), pp. 128–74. 4250:Harris, Harriet A. 4019:Kee, Howard Clark; 3495:Kee, Howard Clark; 3413:George M. Marsden, 2775:Christianity portal 2697:conspiracy theories 2686:corporal punishment 2490:Independent Baptist 2353:Russian nationalism 2258:(formed in 1989 by 2256:Christian Coalition 1993:Independent Baptist 1940:Lewis Sperry Chafer 1862:The Gospel Witness, 1710:biblical literalism 1601:five "fundamentals" 1389:systematic theology 1366:Presbyterian Church 1307:biblical literalism 1252:Christianity portal 1109:Jehovah's Witnesses 789:History of theology 465:Confessing Movement 205:Augsburg Confession 159:Proto-Protestantism 7649:Biblical womanhood 7639:Biblical inerrancy 7574:Cane Ridge Revival 7386:Churches of Christ 7335:Pentecostal Family 7005:Crusading movement 6273:Ante-Nicene period 5625:Marsden, George M. 5463:, Greenwood Press 5333:The Battle for God 5289:Ammerman, Nancy T. 4786:chicagotribune.com 4615:Liberty University 4517:has generic name ( 4387:10.25904/1912/3059 4102:The New York Times 3958:The New York Times 2761:Catholicism portal 2709:intelligent design 2667:biblical criticism 2616:Reformed tradition 2588:variety, the word 2570:holiness standards 2524:King James Onlyism 2520:King James Version 2500:biblical inerrancy 2452:. Known for their 2428:Third Positionists 2361:Vladimir the Great 2242:in the 1980s, the 2200: 2144:Neo-evangelicalism 2130:intelligent design 2076:William Bell Riley 1974:King James Version 1931: 1892:William Bell Riley 1776:Richard Hofstadter 1772:H. Richard Niebuhr 1767: 1674:Princeton Seminary 1665:Princeton theology 1661: 1563:biblical criticism 1473:Christian theology 1435:Princeton theology 1339:biblical inerrancy 991:Church of the East 855:Early Christianity 450:Augsburg Catholics 417:Eastern Protestant 199:Ninety-five Theses 92:Anti-Protestantism 7981: 7980: 7669:Decision theology 7664:Christian Zionism 7629:Believers' Church 7527: 7526: 7452:Keswickian Family 7353:Foursquare Church 7279:Free Will Baptist 7202: 7201: 7168: 7167: 7096:Charta Oecumenica 6606: 6605: 6596:Iglesia ni Cristo 6411: 6410: 6391:French Revolution 6381:Thirty Years' War 6253:Apostolic fathers 6221:Great Commandment 5929:Media related to 5837:978-1-920855-73-4 5821:978-1-59526-859-4 5773:Westminster Press 5485:Appleby, R. Scott 5301:Appleby, R. Scott 5229:. 6 November 2016 5057:on 4 October 2017 4813:. 12 October 2017 4741:978-1-62895-170-7 4711:978-0-89622-725-5 4655:978-0-664-25803-0 4595:978-1-4422-4432-0 4570:Bill J. Leonard, 4557:Bill J. Leonard, 4393:on 12 April 2019. 4309:(2007), page 236. 4217:. 17 October 2008 4153:Fides Et Historia 4134:Christian History 4064:978-0-691-12209-0 4005:978-0-8028-0870-7 3870:978-0-8028-0870-7 3817:978-0-8028-0870-7 3668:978-0-8173-5512-8 3604:978-1-77064-295-9 3537:978-0-8028-0870-7 3453:978-0-8010-2658-4 3395:on 1 January 2003 3318:Gary J. Dorrien, 3261:978-0-89622-725-5 3197:978-1-317-17535-3 3172:978-3-11-231758-7 3102:978-0-87972-190-9 3024:978-0-8103-2132-8 2898:Plymouth Brethren 2838:Christian Zionism 2808:Christian fascism 2628:Reformed Anglican 2512:Dispensationalism 2470:Russian president 2458:political rallies 2439:far-right Russian 2420:Russian far-right 2295:Reconstructionist 2250:(founded 1981 by 2148:Heritage movement 1989:Southern Baptists 1955:J. Gresham Machen 1649:Christ's miracles 1524:, using the term 1453:) align with the 1451:Wesleyan theology 1439:dispensationalism 1317:as a reaction to 1288: 1287: 1141: 1140: 1114:Latter Day Saints 1099:Iglesia ni Cristo 1064:United Protestant 1049:Plymouth Brethren 984:Oriental Orthodox 592: 591: 432:Nondenominational 392:Plymouth Brethren 284:Proto-Protestants 16:(Redirected from 8046: 8014:Anti-Catholicism 7973:Jonathan Edwards 7917:Youth for Christ 7811:Evangelical left 7684:Kingdom theology 7488:Adventist Family 7247: 7246: 7229: 7222: 7215: 7206: 7205: 7192: 7191: 7182: 7181: 7025:Environmentalism 6975:Church buildings 6877: 6876: 6692:Eastern Orthodox 6687:Eastern Catholic 6599: 6598: 6566:Eastern Catholic 6544:Eastern Orthodox 6432: 6431: 6353:Age of Discovery 6338:East–West Schism 6236:Great Commission 6167: 6166: 6019: 6012: 6005: 5996: 5995: 5940: 5928: 5841: 5785: 5771:, Philadelphia: 5700: 5694: 5686: 5676: 5574: 5508: 5481:Marty, Martin E. 5382: 5378: 5375: 5328:Armstrong, Karen 5324: 5297:Marty, Martin E. 5279:R. Scott Appleby 5265: 5264: 5262: 5260: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5219: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5193: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5053:. Archived from 5051:www.artprize.org 5043: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5009: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4972: 4963:. Archived from 4953: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4927: 4921: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4901: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4803: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4792: 4777: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4760:Psychology Today 4752: 4746: 4745: 4725: 4719: 4718: 4691: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4680: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4641: 4632: 4625: 4619: 4618: 4606: 4600: 4599: 4581: 4575: 4568: 4562: 4555: 4549: 4542: 4536: 4529: 4523: 4522: 4516: 4512: 4510: 4502: 4490: 4484: 4483: 4472: 4466: 4465: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4389:. 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McKim 3786: 3782: 3772: 3768: 3759: 3755: 3750: 3746: 3737: 3733: 3724: 3720: 3715: 3711: 3701: 3699: 3691: 3690: 3683: 3669: 3653: 3649: 3641: 3616: 3605: 3586: 3582: 3573: 3566: 3560:Wayback Machine 3549: 3545: 3538: 3522: 3518: 3511: 3493: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3468: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3438: 3434: 3426:Luc Chartrand, 3425: 3421: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3369: 3365: 3342: 3335: 3330: 3326: 3317: 3313: 3304: 3300: 3290: 3288: 3277: 3273: 3262: 3254:. p. 326. 3242: 3238: 3230: 3226: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3184: 3180: 3173: 3159: 3155: 3145: 3143: 3133: 3126: 3118: 3114: 3103: 3089: 3085: 3075: 3073: 3071:academic.eb.com 3065: 3064: 3060: 3050: 3048: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3025: 3010: 3006: 3001: 2997: 2992: 2985: 2975: 2973: 2971:Merriam-Webster 2965: 2964: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2913:Religious abuse 2883:Dwight L. Moody 2828:Christian right 2789:Religion portal 2787: 2780: 2773: 2766: 2759: 2752: 2745: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2659: 2612: 2606: 2578: 2538: 2532: 2492: 2486: 2481: 2479:By denomination 2466:Tsar Nicolas II 2363:'s conversion. 2337: 2317:Main articles: 2315: 2272: 2244:Christian Right 2236:Christian Voice 2210:Engel v. Vitale 2185: 2183:Christian right 2179: 2177:Christian right 2152:Paleo-Orthodoxy 2055: 1884: 1868:Oswald J. Smith 1854: 1838: 1833: 1803:fundamentalists 1756: 1540: 1487: 1464:A few scholars 1327:Fundamentalists 1284: 1221: 1220: 1191:Other religions 1151: 1143: 1142: 931: 930: 910: 909: 830: 829: 809: 808: 742: 732: 731: 692: 691: 673: 672: 638: 637: 588: 550: 545: 544: 530:Paleo-orthodoxy 485:Emerging church 460:Confessionalism 445: 437: 436: 377:Radical Pietism 279: 269: 268: 154: 144: 143: 87: 79: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8052: 8042: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7979: 7978: 7976: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7948:C. I. Scofield 7945: 7940: 7935: 7929: 7927: 7923: 7922: 7920: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7889: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7863: 7861: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7821:Jesus movement 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7785: 7783: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7766: 7764: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7756: 7751: 7750: 7749: 7744: 7734: 7732:Prayer warrior 7729: 7724: 7723: 7722: 7712: 7706: 7704: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7615: 7613: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7589: 7588: 7583: 7578: 7577: 7576: 7566: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7535: 7533: 7529: 7528: 7525: 7524: 7522: 7521: 7516: 7510: 7508: 7502: 7501: 7499: 7498: 7492: 7490: 7484: 7483: 7481: 7480: 7474: 7472: 7466: 7465: 7463: 7462: 7456: 7454: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7423: 7421: 7415: 7414: 7412: 7411: 7405: 7403: 7397: 7396: 7394: 7393: 7388: 7382: 7380: 7374: 7373: 7371: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7339: 7337: 7331: 7330: 7328: 7327: 7321: 7319: 7313: 7312: 7310: 7309: 7304: 7298: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7255: 7253: 7251:Baptist Family 7244: 7240: 7239: 7232: 7231: 7224: 7217: 7209: 7200: 7199: 7197: 7196: 7186: 7173: 7170: 7169: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7126: 7124: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7116: 7111: 7110: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7087: 7081: 7079: 7075: 7074: 7072: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7042: 7037: 7035:Fundamentalism 7032: 7030:Existentialism 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7001: 6999: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6989: 6984: 6983: 6982: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6941: 6940: 6930: 6929: 6928: 6923: 6921:God the Father 6918: 6913: 6908: 6898: 6897: 6896: 6885: 6883: 6874: 6868: 6867: 6865: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6853: 6852: 6842: 6837: 6831: 6829: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6817: 6807: 6802: 6801: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6760: 6759: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6741:Body of Christ 6738: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6717: 6716: 6706: 6701: 6700: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6616: 6614: 6608: 6607: 6604: 6603: 6601: 6600: 6591: 6586: 6580: 6578: 6576:Restorationist 6572: 6571: 6569: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6552: 6551: 6540: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6528: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6440: 6438: 6429: 6413: 6412: 6409: 6408: 6406: 6405: 6404: 6403: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6367: 6365: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6324: 6322: 6316: 6315: 6313: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6301: 6300: 6295: 6285: 6280: 6278:Late antiquity 6275: 6269: 6267: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6248:Church fathers 6245: 6240: 6239: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6177: 6175: 6164: 6146: 6145: 6143: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6111: 6109: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6085: 6083: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6033: 6030: 6029: 6022: 6021: 6014: 6007: 5999: 5993: 5992: 5982: 5977: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5946: 5934: 5920: 5919:External links 5917: 5916: 5915: 5908: 5899: 5891: 5888: 5887: 5886: 5882: 5875: 5868: 5854: 5848: 5842: 5836: 5823: 5806: 5792: 5786: 5781: 5762: 5747: 5740: 5734: 5716: 5701: 5667: 5661: 5632: 5622: 5607: 5600: 5585: 5575: 5559: 5544: 5538: 5531: 5516: 5509: 5503: 5472: 5457: 5442: 5427: 5409: 5394: 5365: 5359: 5352: 5346: 5325: 5319: 5285: 5273: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5240: 5214: 5188: 5162: 5115: 5068: 5038: 5004: 4993:. 2 March 2017 4978: 4948: 4922: 4896: 4875: 4840:(4): 283–298. 4824: 4798: 4772: 4747: 4740: 4720: 4710: 4686: 4661: 4654: 4633: 4620: 4601: 4594: 4576: 4563: 4550: 4537: 4524: 4485: 4467: 4449: 4446:. 3 June 2020. 4431: 4428:. 3 June 2020. 4413: 4396: 4366: 4351: 4337: 4324: 4311: 4298: 4282: 4270:New York Times 4256: 4243: 4228: 4202: 4171: 4158: 4143: 4124: 4084: 4070: 4063: 4043: 4041:(2006) page xi 4030: 4011: 4004: 3984: 3980:Church History 3971: 3943: 3915: 3902: 3889: 3876: 3869: 3849: 3836: 3823: 3816: 3796: 3780: 3766: 3764:(2005) p. 211. 3753: 3744: 3731: 3725:"Militant" in 3718: 3709: 3681: 3667: 3647: 3644:Fundamentalism 3614: 3603: 3580: 3564: 3543: 3536: 3516: 3509: 3484: 3475: 3466: 3452: 3432: 3419: 3406: 3376: 3363: 3333: 3324: 3311: 3298: 3271: 3260: 3236: 3224: 3203: 3196: 3178: 3171: 3153: 3124: 3112: 3101: 3083: 3058: 3046:pcahistory.org 3033: 3023: 3004: 2995: 2983: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2868:H. A. Ironside 2865: 2860: 2855: 2853:Evangelicalism 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2794: 2793: 2792: 2778: 2764: 2750: 2734: 2731: 2705:mental illness 2675:dispensational 2658: 2655: 2608:Main article: 2605: 2602: 2577: 2574: 2560:, such as the 2544:, such as the 2531: 2528: 2508:interpretation 2488:Main article: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2473:Vladimir Putin 2432:For the Family 2323:Black Hundreds 2314: 2311: 2299:Restorationist 2271: 2268: 2240:Moral Majority 2196:Moral Majority 2181:Main article: 2178: 2175: 2054: 2051: 1908:the U.S. South 1883: 1880: 1853: 1850: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1790:George Marsden 1755: 1752: 1748:Harold Ockenga 1725:Bible Colleges 1689:led people to 1653: 1652: 1645: 1638: 1631: 1624: 1553:Following the 1539: 1536: 1526:fundamentalist 1522:United Kingdom 1514:fundamentalism 1495:fundamentalism 1491:fundamentalism 1486: 1483: 1429:, such as the 1356:, the role of 1286: 1285: 1283: 1282: 1275: 1268: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1242: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1152: 1150:Related topics 1149: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1139: 1138: 1137: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1088: 1087: 1085:Restorationist 1081: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 994: 987: 980: 973: 968: 963: 962: 961: 956: 941: 940: 932: 929: 928: 923: 917: 916: 915: 912: 911: 908: 907: 902: 897: 892: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 860:Church Fathers 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 831: 828: 827: 822: 816: 815: 814: 811: 810: 807: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 770: 769: 764: 759: 749: 743: 738: 737: 734: 733: 730: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 693: 690: 689: 686: 680: 679: 678: 675: 674: 671: 670: 665: 660: 655: 650: 645: 639: 636: 635: 630: 624: 623: 622: 619: 618: 610: 609: 603: 602: 590: 589: 587: 586: 579: 572: 564: 561: 560: 547: 546: 543: 542: 537: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 495:Fundamentalism 492: 490:Evangelicalism 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 446: 443: 442: 439: 438: 435: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 387:Stone-Campbell 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 358: 357: 352: 347: 337: 336: 335: 325: 324: 323: 321:Congregational 318: 313: 303: 298: 297: 296: 291: 280: 275: 274: 271: 270: 267: 266: 265: 264: 254: 249: 244: 239: 234: 232:Nonconformists 229: 224: 219: 214: 209: 208: 207: 202: 190: 189: 188: 183: 178: 168: 167: 166: 155: 150: 149: 146: 145: 142: 141: 140: 139: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 88: 85: 84: 81: 80: 78: 77: 71: 68: 67: 59: 58: 52: 51: 32:Evangelicalism 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8051: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7991: 7989: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7968:Jerry Falwell 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7926:Major figures 7924: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7864: 7862: 7858: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7787: 7781: 7780:Televangelism 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7767: 7765: 7761: 7755: 7752: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7739: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7721: 7718: 7717: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7707: 7705: 7701: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7616: 7614: 7610: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7579: 7575: 7572: 7571: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7561: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7536: 7534: 7530: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7511: 7509: 7507: 7503: 7497: 7494: 7493: 7491: 7489: 7485: 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6994: 6988: 6985: 6981: 6978: 6977: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6970:Popular piety 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6939: 6936: 6935: 6934: 6931: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6903: 6902: 6899: 6895: 6892: 6891: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6869: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6851: 6848: 6847: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6824: 6816: 6813: 6812: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6765: 6764: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6751:People of God 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6733: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6715: 6712: 6711: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6679: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6609: 6597: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6573: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6547: 6546: 6545: 6542: 6541: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6461: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6437: 6433: 6430: 6427: 6423: 6418: 6417:Denominations 6414: 6402: 6399: 6398: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6386:Enlightenment 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6368: 6366: 6364: 6360: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6317: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6290: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6270: 6268: 6266: 6262: 6254: 6251: 6250: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6183: 6182: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6174: 6168: 6165: 6162: 6156: 6151: 6147: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6112: 6110: 6106: 6100: 6099:New Testament 6097: 6095: 6094:Old Testament 6092: 6090: 6087: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6031: 6027: 6020: 6015: 6013: 6008: 6006: 6001: 6000: 5997: 5990: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5974: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5947: 5944: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5927: 5923: 5922: 5913: 5909: 5906: 5905: 5900: 5898: 5894: 5893: 5883: 5880: 5876: 5873: 5869: 5867: 5866:0-86554-902-8 5863: 5859: 5855: 5853: 5849: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5833: 5829: 5824: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5804:0-226-73467-6 5801: 5797: 5793: 5791: 5787: 5784: 5782:0-664-20814-2 5778: 5774: 5770: 5769: 5763: 5760: 5759:0-19-508362-8 5756: 5752: 5748: 5745: 5741: 5739: 5735: 5732: 5731:0-8028-0651-1 5728: 5724: 5720: 5717: 5714: 5713:0-918407-02-8 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5692: 5684: 5680: 5673: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5660: 5656: 5655:0-19-502758-2 5652: 5648: 5644: 5640: 5637: 5633: 5630: 5626: 5623: 5620: 5619:0-19-508674-0 5616: 5612: 5608: 5605: 5601: 5598: 5597:0-89870-177-5 5594: 5590: 5586: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5557: 5556:0-19-826960-9 5553: 5549: 5545: 5543: 5539: 5536: 5532: 5529: 5528:0-7735-1214-4 5525: 5521: 5517: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5504:0-226-50878-1 5500: 5496: 5492: 5491: 5486: 5482: 5478: 5473: 5470: 5469:0-8371-5683-1 5466: 5462: 5458: 5455: 5454:0-19-512907-5 5451: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5439:0-88706-518-X 5436: 5432: 5428: 5425: 5424:0-334-00503-5 5421: 5417: 5413: 5410: 5407: 5406:0-631-18868-1 5403: 5399: 5395: 5392: 5391:0-631-17818-X 5388: 5384: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5351: 5347: 5344: 5343:0-345-39169-1 5340: 5336: 5334: 5329: 5326: 5322: 5320:0-226-50878-1 5316: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5284: 5280: 5276: 5275: 5254: 5250: 5244: 5228: 5224: 5218: 5203: 5199: 5192: 5177: 5173: 5166: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5119: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5072: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5042: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5008: 4992: 4988: 4982: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4952: 4937: 4933: 4926: 4910: 4906: 4900: 4885: 4879: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4828: 4812: 4808: 4802: 4787: 4783: 4776: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4743: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4724: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4698: 4690: 4675: 4671: 4665: 4657: 4651: 4647: 4640: 4638: 4630: 4624: 4617:. p. 16. 4616: 4612: 4605: 4597: 4591: 4587: 4580: 4573: 4567: 4560: 4554: 4547: 4541: 4534: 4528: 4520: 4508: 4500: 4496: 4489: 4481: 4477: 4471: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4445: 4441: 4435: 4427: 4423: 4417: 4409: 4408: 4400: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4377: 4370: 4364: 4362: 4355: 4349: 4344: 4342: 4334: 4328: 4321: 4315: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4292: 4286: 4271: 4267: 4260: 4253: 4247: 4241: 4240:H. Conclusion 4237: 4232: 4216: 4212: 4206: 4198: 4194: 4187:(2): 133–150. 4186: 4182: 4175: 4168: 4162: 4155: 4154: 4147: 4140: 4136: 4135: 4128: 4121: 4118: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4091: 4089: 4080: 4074: 4066: 4060: 4056: 4055: 4047: 4040: 4034: 4026: 4022: 4015: 4007: 4001: 3997: 3996: 3988: 3981: 3975: 3960: 3959: 3954: 3947: 3932: 3931: 3926: 3919: 3912: 3906: 3899: 3893: 3886: 3880: 3872: 3866: 3862: 3861: 3853: 3846: 3840: 3833: 3827: 3819: 3813: 3809: 3808: 3800: 3794:(1992) p. 148 3793: 3789: 3784: 3777: 3770: 3763: 3760:Ung Kyu Pak, 3757: 3748: 3741: 3735: 3728: 3722: 3713: 3698: 3694: 3688: 3686: 3678: 3676: 3670: 3664: 3660: 3659: 3651: 3645: 3639: 3637: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3621: 3619: 3611: 3606: 3600: 3596: 3595: 3590: 3584: 3577: 3571: 3569: 3561: 3557: 3554: 3553: 3547: 3539: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3520: 3512: 3510:0-13-578071-3 3506: 3502: 3498: 3491: 3489: 3479: 3470: 3455: 3449: 3445: 3444: 3436: 3429: 3423: 3416: 3410: 3394: 3390: 3388: 3380: 3373: 3367: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3340: 3338: 3328: 3321: 3315: 3308: 3302: 3286: 3282: 3275: 3268: 3263: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3248: 3240: 3233: 3228: 3221: 3220:0-89870-177-5 3217: 3213: 3207: 3199: 3193: 3190:. Routledge. 3189: 3182: 3174: 3168: 3164: 3157: 3142: 3138: 3131: 3129: 3121: 3120:Ammerman 1991 3116: 3109: 3104: 3098: 3094: 3087: 3072: 3068: 3062: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3030: 3026: 3020: 3016: 3008: 2999: 2990: 2988: 2972: 2968: 2962: 2960: 2955: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2795: 2790: 2784: 2779: 2776: 2770: 2765: 2762: 2756: 2751: 2748: 2737: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2723: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2678: 2676: 2671: 2668: 2664: 2654: 2652: 2648: 2643: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2611: 2601: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2537: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2504:infallibility 2501: 2497: 2491: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2454:book burnings 2451: 2447: 2443: 2440: 2435: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2364: 2362: 2358: 2357:Russian state 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2291:Howard Carter 2288: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2267: 2265: 2261: 2260:Pat Robertson 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2232:Jerry Falwell 2229: 2224: 2222: 2221:Ronald Reagan 2218: 2217: 2212: 2211: 2205: 2197: 2193: 2192:Jerry Falwell 2189: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2139: 2137: 2136: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2108: 2103: 2100: 2099: 2092: 2090: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2050: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2011: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1849: 1847: 1843: 1828: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1812: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1785: 1784:millennialism 1779: 1777: 1773: 1765: 1760: 1751: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1740:Carl McIntire 1737: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1713: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1702:hermeneutical 1699: 1694: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1679: 1678:Charles Hodge 1675: 1670: 1666: 1657: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1632: 1629: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1590: 1584: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1482: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1467: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1413:, as well as 1412: 1411:Presbyterians 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1395: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1381:denominations 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1337:, especially 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1321:and cultural 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1281: 1276: 1274: 1269: 1267: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1244: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1153: 1147: 1146: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1001: 1000: 999: 995: 993: 992: 988: 986: 985: 981: 979: 978: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 960: 957: 955: 952: 951: 950: 949: 945: 944: 943: 942: 939: 936: 935: 927: 924: 922: 921:Denominations 919: 918: 914: 913: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 832: 826: 823: 821: 818: 817: 813: 812: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 754: 753: 750: 748: 745: 744: 741: 736: 735: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 702:New Testament 700: 698: 697:Old Testament 695: 694: 687: 685: 682: 681: 677: 676: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 640: 634: 631: 629: 626: 625: 621: 620: 616: 612: 611: 608: 605: 604: 600: 596: 595: 585: 580: 578: 573: 571: 566: 565: 563: 562: 559: 554: 549: 548: 541: 538: 536: 535:Progressivism 533: 531: 528: 526: 525:New Calvinism 523: 521: 520:Neo-orthodoxy 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 475:Church Growth 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 447: 441: 440: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 395: 393: 390: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 342: 341: 338: 334: 331: 330: 329: 326: 322: 319: 317: 316:Presbyterians 314: 312: 309: 308: 307: 304: 302: 299: 295: 292: 290: 287: 286: 285: 282: 281: 278: 273: 272: 263: 260: 259: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 233: 230: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 206: 203: 201: 200: 196: 195: 194: 193:Martin Luther 191: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 173: 172: 169: 165: 162: 161: 160: 157: 156: 153: 148: 147: 138: 135: 134: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 89: 83: 82: 76: 73: 72: 70: 69: 65: 61: 60: 57: 56:Protestantism 54: 53: 49: 45: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 7943:Billy Sunday 7938:Billy Graham 7860:Institutions 7816:Exvangelical 7805: 7770:Bible church 7747:Tent revival 7742:Camp meeting 7544:Black church 7094: 7034: 6889:Architecture 6783:Confirmation 6731:Ecclesiology 6662:Original sin 6652:Nicene Creed 6449:Old Catholic 6333:Papal States 6265:Great Church 6231:Resurrection 6173:Christianity 6130:New Covenant 6081:(Scriptures) 6026:Christianity 5991:perspective) 5972: 5949: 5945:at Wikiquote 5911: 5903: 5896: 5878: 5871: 5857: 5851: 5845: 5827: 5812: 5795: 5789: 5767: 5750: 5743: 5737: 5722: 5704: 5691:cite journal 5682: 5678: 5664: 5646: 5628: 5610: 5603: 5588: 5578: 5570: 5566: 5547: 5541: 5534: 5519: 5512: 5489: 5460: 5445: 5430: 5415: 5397: 5371: 5362: 5355: 5349: 5331: 5305: 5282: 5272:Bibliography 5257:. 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Retrieved 4205: 4196: 4192: 4184: 4180: 4174: 4166: 4161: 4151: 4146: 4138: 4132: 4127: 4113: 4106:. Retrieved 4100: 4073: 4053: 4046: 4038: 4033: 4024: 4014: 3994: 3987: 3979: 3974: 3962:. Retrieved 3956: 3946: 3934:. Retrieved 3928: 3918: 3910: 3905: 3897: 3892: 3884: 3879: 3859: 3852: 3847:(2008) p 233 3844: 3839: 3834:(2007) p. 12 3831: 3826: 3806: 3799: 3791: 3783: 3775: 3769: 3761: 3756: 3747: 3739: 3734: 3726: 3721: 3712: 3700:. Retrieved 3696: 3674: 3672: 3657: 3650: 3643: 3608: 3593: 3589:Parent, Mark 3583: 3575: 3551: 3546: 3526: 3519: 3500: 3478: 3469: 3457:. Retrieved 3442: 3435: 3427: 3422: 3414: 3409: 3397:. Retrieved 3393:the original 3386: 3379: 3371: 3366: 3352:(1): 25–56. 3349: 3345: 3327: 3319: 3314: 3306: 3301: 3289:. Retrieved 3285:pbs.org/wgbh 3284: 3274: 3265: 3246: 3239: 3227: 3211: 3206: 3187: 3181: 3162: 3156: 3144:. Retrieved 3115: 3106: 3092: 3086: 3074:. Retrieved 3070: 3061: 3049:. Retrieved 3045: 3036: 3028: 3013: 3007: 2998: 2974:. Retrieved 2928:R. A. Torrey 2923:Billy Sunday 2720: 2694: 2679: 2672: 2660: 2644: 2624:Presbyterian 2613: 2593: 2589: 2579: 2539: 2493: 2436: 2422:, including 2365: 2338: 2284: 2273: 2270:In Australia 2252:James Dobson 2225: 2214: 2208: 2201: 2171:Richard Land 2163:David French 2160: 2140: 2133: 2123: 2120: 2116: 2104: 2097: 2093: 2080:Scopes Trial 2056: 2008: 1982: 1967: 1963:Dwight Moody 1961:in Chicago. 1932: 1885: 1876:Billy Graham 1872:Moody Church 1866: 1861: 1855: 1842:Presbyterian 1839: 1825: 1813: 1808:Donald McKim 1797: 1793: 1788: 1780: 1768: 1732: 1729: 1714: 1700:evangelical 1698:conservative 1695: 1662: 1628:virgin birth 1594: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1567:Christianity 1552: 1548: 1541: 1529: 1525: 1513: 1511: 1494: 1490: 1488: 1476: 1463: 1392: 1385:denomination 1378: 1347: 1329:argued that 1298: 1294: 1290: 1289: 1156:Civilization 996: 989: 982: 975: 966:Old Catholic 946: 804:Universalism 727:New Covenant 663:Resurrection 607:Christianity 494: 455:Charismatics 422:Pentecostals 197: 117:Ecclesiology 112:Demographics 40: 7679:Full Gospel 7150:Persecution 7085:Christendom 7078:Cooperation 7015:Charismatic 6926:Holy Spirit 6835:Natural law 6798:Holy orders 6647:Christology 6640:Holy Spirit 6509:Pentecostal 6489:Evangelical 6484:Charismatic 6328:Monasticism 6320:Middle Ages 6283:Constantine 6226:Crucifixion 6108:Foundations 5809:Seat, Leroy 5563:Hart, D. G. 5412:Barr, James 5381: 1950 5377: 1750 5233:27 November 5207:27 November 4817:27 November 4791:27 November 4275:14 December 4199:(1): 15–29. 4120:schoolroom. 3898:Foundations 3702:13 December 3459:11 December 3051:26 November 2848:A. C. Dixon 2713:creationism 2682:child abuse 2594:independent 2586:evangelical 2416:vigilantism 2303:Dominionist 2276:pentecostal 2264:Republicans 2156:evangelical 2114:the South. 2047:New England 2031:Mississippi 1972:of 1909, a 1817:Roger Olson 1640:The bodily 1617:Holy Spirit 1609:inspiration 1572:World War I 1561:and higher 1485:Terminology 1478:evangelical 1044:Pentecostal 926:(full list) 900:Reformation 865:Constantine 784:Christology 774:Apologetics 767:Holy Spirit 688:Foundations 658:Crucifixion 500:High church 470:Convergence 412:Keswickians 340:Anabaptists 311:Continental 294:Waldensians 247:John Wesley 222:Arminianism 217:John Calvin 176:Magisterial 171:Reformation 7988:Categories 7775:Megachurch 7710:Altar call 7689:Quiverfull 7654:Born again 7064:Prosperity 7040:Liberation 6980:Cathedrals 6965:Pilgrimage 6950:Literature 6827:Philosophy 6763:Sacraments 6736:Four marks 6697:Protestant 6672:Born again 6469:Anabaptist 6459:Protestant 6401:Influences 6363:Modern era 6067:By country 5719:Noll, Mark 5379: – c. 4679:2 February 4139:Continuity 4021:Emily Albu 3964:5 November 3936:5 November 3778:(2001) p 2 3610:vanishing. 3497:Emily Albu 3399:25 October 3076:9 December 2950:References 2798:Bible Belt 2542:connexions 2516:ecumenical 2384:Pussy Riot 2254:) and the 1953:professor 1942:, and the 1764:Bele Chere 1687:liberalism 1630:of Christ. 1518:pejorative 1447:connexions 1419:Methodists 1399:apologetic 1104:Irvingians 1069:Waldensian 1009:Anabaptist 998:Protestant 505:Liberalism 372:Methodists 355:Mennonites 350:Hutterites 333:Continuing 237:Dissenters 137:Five Solas 132:Theologies 7789:Movements 7703:Practices 7140:Criticism 7090:Ecumenism 7054:Mysticism 7020:Democracy 7010:Anarchism 6997:Movements 6960:Mythology 6938:Catechism 6933:Education 6850:Evolution 6773:Eucharist 6756:Canon law 6714:Theotokos 6709:Mariology 6667:Salvation 6657:Tradition 6504:Methodist 6464:Adventist 6298:Chalcedon 5573:: 85–107. 5181:4 October 5157:248934562 5149:0743-9156 5110:221063171 5102:1534-8423 5061:4 October 5031:4 October 5026:0261-3077 4997:4 October 4971:8 October 4941:8 October 4915:4 October 4889:4 October 4854:0886-6708 4765:4 October 4189:See also 4117:old earth 3697:Beliefnet 3291:9 October 2717:evolution 2657:Criticism 2530:Methodism 2506:of their 2424:neo-Nazis 2404:celebrate 2366:In 2013, 2313:In Russia 2228:Rob Grant 2053:Evolution 2023:Tennessee 1888:modernism 1852:In Canada 1831:By region 1683:modernism 1635:atonement 1621:inerrancy 1559:Darwinism 1555:Civil War 1534:of 2006. 1503:extremism 1489:The term 1407:orthodoxy 1343:Christian 1335:doctrines 1323:modernism 1303:religious 1211:Symbolism 1171:Ecumenism 1161:Criticism 1039:Moravian 1034:Methodist 1004:Adventist 875:Augustine 825:Tradition 799:Salvation 668:Ascension 510:Mainlines 480:Ecumenism 444:Movements 397:Adventist 328:Anglicans 301:Lutherans 102:Criticism 7243:Churches 7194:Category 7059:Pacifism 6873:features 6857:Politics 6810:Ablution 6778:Marriage 6682:Catholic 6612:Theology 6519:Reformed 6499:Lutheran 6494:Holiness 6474:Anglican 6444:Catholic 6348:Crusades 6293:Nicaea I 6243:Apostles 6216:Miracles 6211:Parables 6201:Ministry 6191:Nativity 6155:timeline 6052:Prophets 6047:Glossary 5811:(2007). 5721:(1992). 5639:Archived 5487:(eds.). 5414:(1977). 5330:(2001). 5303:(eds.). 5291:(1991). 5259:23 April 4961:CT Women 4870:34727867 4507:cite web 4499:ABC News 3591:(1998). 3556:Archived 2733:See also 2699:such as 2649:and the 2590:biblical 2502:and the 2368:composer 2043:Arkansas 2027:Kentucky 2003:and the 1944:Reformed 1798:Militant 1637:for sin. 1619:and the 1507:labeling 1469:Catholic 1415:Baptists 1229:Glossary 1176:Glossary 1059:Reformed 1029:Lutheran 1014:Anglican 948:Catholic 890:Crusades 880:Ignatius 870:Councils 835:Apostles 740:Theology 653:Ministry 643:Nativity 599:a series 597:Part of 407:Holiness 367:Baptists 306:Reformed 289:Hussites 277:Branches 242:Puritans 86:Concepts 48:a series 46:Part of 7612:Thought 7532:History 7123:Related 6916:Trinity 6881:Culture 6845:Science 6815:Hygiene 6805:Mission 6788:Penance 6768:Baptism 6704:Worship 6677:Liturgy 6625:Trinity 6536:Eastern 6514:Quakers 6479:Baptist 6436:Western 6426:members 6196:Baptism 6150:History 6140:Worship 6042:Outline 5885:School. 5874:, 101pp 5358:, 120pp 4862:1822698 4480:Reuters 4462:Reuters 4295:excerpt 4293:(2008) 4221:21 June 2976:28 July 2943:Zionism 2584:of the 2406:priest 2400:priests 2372:athlete 2347:or the 2327:VSKhSON 2035:Alabama 1976:of the 1846:Baptist 1615:by the 1611:of the 1538:History 1403:polemic 1360:in the 1345:faith. 1311:British 1301:, is a 1239:Outline 1216:Worship 1196:Outline 1186:Liturgy 1166:Culture 1019:Baptist 959:Eastern 895:Aquinas 820:History 794:Mission 779:Baptism 752:Trinity 648:Baptism 402:Irvings 382:Shakers 362:Quakers 252:Pietism 186:Counter 181:Radical 152:History 122:Liturgy 107:Culture 75:Outline 6840:Ethics 6721:Saints 6630:Father 6549:Church 6161:spread 6125:Gospel 6115:Church 6057:People 5864: 5834: 5819: 5802: 5779: 5757: 5729: 5711: 5653: 5636:(1980) 5617: 5595: 5581:257pp 5554: 5526: 5501: 5467: 5452: 5437: 5422: 5404: 5389: 5341: 5317: 5255:. 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