3083:
36:
135:") is a temporary cessation of paid employment that is intended to address the special needs of a company or employer; these needs may be due to economic conditions that affect a specific employer, or to those prevailing in society as a whole. Furloughs may be short-term or long-term. They are also known as temporary layoffs.
244:
Later, on
October 1, 2013, at 12:01 am EDT, Congress' inability to agree on a spending bill led to a government shutdown. During the shutdown, most "non-essential" government employees were furloughed. This resulted in approximately 800,000 government workers being put on a leave beginning
427:
suspension of operations" or if the said individual should fulfill a military or civic duty. The Labor Code emphasizes that the employment status of a furloughed employee is not terminated. Employees under "floating status" do not render actual work and thus do not receive any salary. However an
452:
or temporary layoff time off based on a company-planned schedule. For example, with a "work three weeks, off one week" schedule, a company's workforce is divided into four groups. Each group, in turn, takes a week off on furlough while the remainder work. It can also refer to a vacation from
287:
Board members of various school districts as well as universities implemented "furlough days" in 2009. This made students pay the same rate, if not more, for their education while providing fewer educational days by forcing educators and staff members to take the day off. In states such as
435:
issued an order allowing furloughed employees to be extended for a year provided there is mutual agreement between the employer and employee and for employees to look for alternative temporary work without losing their employment status with their original employer.
236:
and the
Reserves were affected. The initial furlough requirement was 176 working hours per affected employee, which was later cut to 88 hours. Due to cost-cutting measures in other areas, this furlough was further reduced to a total of 48 working hours per
380:
was used until at least 1908 to describe military personnel home on leave. It was also widely used by religious groups in the twentieth century to refer to the periods when their missionaries returned to the UK on long leave.
1054:
311:
system. The furloughs, intended to prevent layoffs, began in August 2009, and ended in June 2010. The 10% cut saved about $ 270 million of the CSU's $ 564 million budget deficit.
228:
until March 1, when this law went into effect. At that time, most federal departments and agencies began furloughing their employees in order to meet their spending cut targets. For the
397:
introduced what was described as a "furlough" programme to support employers and workers. For many years the term "furlough" had been very little known in the United
Kingdom, and many
890:
148:
In the United States, involuntary furloughs concerning federal government employees may be of a sudden and immediate nature. Such was the case in
February 2010, when a single
183:, if its plan to reduce the federal budget deficit was not resolved; such a shutdown would have caused the furlough of 800,000 out of two million civilian federal employees.
157:
428:
employee may only be placed on floating status for a period of not more than six months after which the employee could be retrenched or asked to report back to work.
1064:
815:
1068:
925:
271:
issued Fact Sheet #70 governing furloughs. These rules have remained in place (as of 21 March 2020), but with new developments in connection with the
2226:
254:
1040:
571:
259:
Due to the government shutdown starting on
December 22, 2018, approximately 350,000 federal employees were furloughed for 35 days until January 25, 2019.
790:
680:
206:
1000:
432:
423:, particularly Article 301, provides a legal basis for the furlough process of an employee; an employee could be furloughed if the business had a "
520:
196:
46:
307:, the State Employee Trades Council (SETC) voted to implement a mandatory two-day-per-month furlough policy for the staff and faculty of the
845:
872:
2064:
2042:
567:
192:
2968:
654:
2812:
2374:
1494:
407:, it funded businesses to continue paying up to 80% of employees' salary for those that would otherwise have been made unemployed.
2993:
390:
955:"Abilities, Motivations, and Opportunities of Furloughed Employees in the Context of Covid-19: Preliminary Evidence From the UK"
205:(or sequester) â the automatic spending cuts in particular categories of federal outlays. (This procedure was first used in the
2864:
2310:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1608:
1113:
707:
358:
272:
180:
764:
300:
included a clause so that mandatory furlough days are implemented but no classes are lost during the 2009â2010 academic year.
1090:
542:
2869:
1762:
1244:
1216:
225:
238:
233:
229:
164:, visa and passport processing, parks, and many others. This happened again on October 1, 2013, and on January 19, 2018.
873:"Kohl's will furlough about 85,000 employees, Macy's furloughs majority as retailers cope with significant sales losses"
823:
3106:
2281:
2069:
2037:
765:"Members of State Employees Trades Council Ratify Tentative Agreement for 2009-2010 | CSU | Public Affairs"
276:
268:
80:
3091:
611:
403:
394:
152:
objection prevented emergency funding measures from being implemented. As a result, 2,000 federal workers for the
3101:
2181:
1041:"Is the 'all or nothing' Furlough system causing more problems for small businesses? | Business Leader News"
168:
3111:
2874:
2246:
2198:
1469:
1417:
1200:
794:
2962:
2854:
2266:
1819:
420:
161:
368:
furloughed over 100,000 employees, while almost all Disney executives kept their jobs and received bonuses.
3043:
2216:
1272:
632:
297:
586:
232:, almost all of the civilian workforce as well as most full-time, dual-status military technicians of the
3028:
2241:
308:
1139:
213:
exceeded a set of fixed deficit targets. In 2013 specifically, sequestration refers to a section of the
2957:
2839:
2315:
1772:
1464:
1372:
214:
3147:
3121:
3116:
2937:
2611:
2522:
2401:
1210:
398:
3126:
3096:
2787:
2589:
2348:
2305:
2271:
1777:
1767:
1449:
1237:
293:
62:
1015:
3053:
2932:
2834:
2772:
2584:
2211:
2098:
2032:
1950:
365:
911:
2907:
2859:
2829:
2666:
2634:
2624:
2441:
2426:
2406:
2288:
2059:
2054:
1334:
846:"United Technologies, Lockheed Martin Revise Furlough Plans After Pentagon Brings Workers Back"
3152:
2849:
2844:
2782:
2727:
2676:
2298:
1834:
1807:
1479:
1407:
994:
2917:
2693:
2646:
2466:
2461:
2236:
2231:
2206:
2146:
1990:
1927:
1797:
1712:
1550:
289:
202:
149:
8:
2822:
2817:
2755:
2703:
2421:
2389:
2379:
2261:
2251:
1787:
1782:
1603:
1583:
1504:
1424:
1402:
1382:
1230:
343:
245:
on
October 1. Congress later unanimously voted to restore pay to the furloughed workers.
2922:
2886:
2750:
2639:
2619:
2492:
2456:
2343:
2325:
2256:
1897:
1757:
1737:
1692:
1593:
1578:
977:
954:
685:
496:
449:
3033:
3013:
2745:
2710:
2542:
2436:
2416:
2335:
2188:
2123:
1802:
1752:
1727:
1687:
1682:
1613:
1459:
982:
561:
279:
has a
Coronavirus Resources page which can be consulted for the latest developments.
160:, which affected all non-essential employees, shutting down many services including
3003:
2792:
2760:
2720:
2715:
2512:
2502:
2320:
2151:
2108:
2081:
2076:
1935:
1902:
1892:
1742:
1670:
1474:
1412:
1392:
1377:
972:
962:
768:
743:
458:
132:
100:
24:
1206:
54:
3063:
2998:
2807:
2777:
2765:
2629:
2527:
2394:
1732:
1499:
1302:
1277:
1267:
501:
454:
339:
320:
210:
20:
891:"Disney Furloughs 100,000 Workers, Top Execs Get to Keep Their Jobs: Reports FT"
357:, furloughed thousands of employees because of decreased sales connected to the
171:, and as a result, furloughed about 4,000 workers at midnight on July 22, 2011.
167:
The United States
Congress failed to pass a re-authorization of funding for the
3048:
2797:
2698:
2651:
2353:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2012:
1945:
1702:
1660:
1344:
1312:
470:
201:
The first federal government furloughs of 2013 went into effect as a result of
124:
967:
3141:
3023:
2942:
2927:
2912:
2683:
2661:
2567:
2451:
2384:
2358:
2293:
2136:
2093:
2088:
1940:
1824:
1722:
1444:
1297:
1282:
1197:
486:
221:
58:
3058:
3038:
3018:
3008:
2983:
2737:
2572:
2552:
2537:
2507:
2497:
2276:
2131:
2113:
2049:
2027:
1985:
1975:
1877:
1867:
1839:
1570:
1560:
1387:
1327:
986:
474:
445:
1207:
Furlough: The worst cockpit terror of them all! What if it happens to you?
1166:
679:
Schmidt, Michael S.; Shanker, Thom; Siddons, Andrew (September 28, 2013),
338:
In the US federal government shutdown of 2013 federal contractors such as
2671:
2594:
2562:
2022:
1970:
1588:
1545:
1520:
1489:
1484:
1439:
1364:
1354:
1339:
1292:
419:, a furloughed employee is deemed to be placed on "floating status". The
416:
2881:
2688:
2601:
2579:
2547:
2446:
2431:
2411:
2176:
2141:
2103:
2017:
1980:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1872:
1829:
1814:
1792:
1717:
1555:
1535:
1454:
1322:
1317:
1287:
1253:
304:
401:
were not acquainted with the US "furlough" system. Formally named the
158:
second-longest such shutdown was
December 16, 1995, to January 6, 1996
3068:
2988:
2802:
2487:
1846:
1747:
1707:
1677:
1598:
1434:
1397:
466:
354:
350:
218:
521:"Sen. Bunning Single-handedly Causes 2,000 Federal Worker Furloughs"
2902:
1965:
1955:
1887:
1851:
1697:
1652:
1530:
1525:
1429:
1307:
1016:"Coronavirus crisis creates new words that enter everyday language"
731:
681:"Federal Agencies Lay Out Contingency Plans for Possible Shutdown"
2532:
2482:
2221:
2171:
1960:
1665:
1349:
332:
1193:
217:(BCA) that was initially set to begin on January 1, 2013, as an
2656:
2004:
1648:
1059:
930:
895:
491:
462:
328:
2517:
1222:
1167:"'Floating' employees allowed to find alternative work: DOLE"
324:
153:
16:
Temporary leave of employees due to special needs of employer
952:
209:
of 1985.) The sequesters were designed to take place if the
109:
2557:
2000:
115:
275:, new rules and guidance could be issued at any time. The
45:
deal primarily with the UK and USA and do not represent a
1540:
1065:
Department for
Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy
816:"Employee Furloughs Can Be a Bad Alternative to Layoffs"
655:"Congress likely to restore pay for furloughed workers"
2227:
List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents
1114:"DOLE allows workers on 'floating status' for a year"
678:
156:
were immediately furloughed as of March 1, 2010. The
106:
112:
1217:
CNNMoney special report: Enjoy your forced vacation
791:"Furloughs over for schools in the CSU â Education"
103:
548:. Archived from the original on September 28, 2005
444:The term furlough in employment can also refer to
255:2018â19 United States federal government shutdown
241:civilian and full-time Reserve Component member.
224:. These cuts were postponed by two months by the
3139:
912:"The King's regulations and orders for the army"
708:"Shutdown's economic damage: $ 1 billion a week"
653:Korte, Gregory; Gomez, Alan (October 5, 2013).
612:"Shutdown: 800,000 federal workers in the dark"
570:) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
197:2013 United States federal government shutdown
1238:
1108:
1106:
1104:
248:
174:
43:The examples and perspective in this article
999:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
346:considered furloughing their own employees.
1245:
1231:
1132:
1101:
926:"UK Gov: COVID-19: support for businesses"
910:Office, Great Britain War (May 14, 1908).
652:
193:United States budget sequestration in 2013
2969:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act
1140:"Workers placed on floating status at 2M"
1013:
976:
966:
207:GrammâRudmanâHollings Balanced Budget Act
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
2813:Job losses caused by the Great Recession
1495:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates
1095:eFOI - Electronic Freedom of Information
744:"Furlough Information - Human Resources"
587:"FAA to Furlough Nearly 4,000 Employees"
143:
2994:Credentialism and educational inflation
1164:
788:
179:Congress was on the verge of forcing a
3140:
2865:List of countries by unemployment rate
1165:Patinio, Ferdinand (28 October 2020).
909:
566:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
359:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
273:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
1226:
1194:Guidance and Information on Furloughs
1014:Skapinker, Michael (April 29, 2020).
953:Szulc, J. M. & Smith, R. (2021).
870:
705:
609:
1763:Practice-based professional learning
914:. H.M.S.O. – via Google Books.
384:
262:
226:American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012
186:
181:government shutdown on April 8, 2011
29:
2311:Workers' right to access the toilet
706:Guida, Victoria (January 9, 2019).
13:
1055:"COVID-19: support for businesses"
822:. February 9, 2009. Archived from
633:"Government Prepares for Shutdown"
523:. Blogs.abcnews.com. March 1, 2010
433:Department of Labor and Employment
349:In 2020, retail giants, including
14:
3164:
1187:
793:. The Modesto Bee. Archived from
789:Fontana, Cyndee (July 18, 2010).
584:
431:During the COVID-19 pandemic the
371:
314:
277:United States Department of Labor
269:United States Department of Labor
3082:
3081:
2375:Corporate collapses and scandals
871:Repko, Melissa (30 March 2020).
404:Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme
138:
99:
34:
19:For the 2018 American film, see
1158:
1083:
1067:. 24 March 2020. Archived from
1047:
1033:
1007:
946:
918:
903:
883:
864:
838:
808:
782:
757:
736:
461:, or, in the case of convicts,
169:Federal Aviation Administration
2875:Employment-to-population ratio
2247:Occupational health psychology
1252:
1201:Office of Personnel Management
767:. Calstate.edu. Archived from
746:. University System of Georgia
725:
699:
672:
646:
625:
603:
578:
535:
513:
410:
23:. For military furloughs, see
1:
2963:Works Progress Administration
2855:Unemployment Convention, 1919
2267:Personal protective equipment
1820:Occupational Outlook Handbook
610:Riley, Charles (2011-04-06).
507:
439:
162:National Institutes of Health
3044:Psychopathy in the workplace
2217:Human factors and ergonomics
635:. Online.wsj.com. 2011-04-06
389:In 2020, in response to the
298:University System of Georgia
154:Department of Transportation
7:
3029:Narcissism in the workplace
2242:Occupational exposure limit
480:
57:, discuss the issue on the
10:
3169:
2958:Civil Works Administration
2840:Technological unemployment
2316:Workplace health promotion
1773:Professional certification
1470:Personalityâjob fit theory
282:
252:
249:Furloughs in 2018 and 2019
215:Budget Control Act of 2011
190:
175:Potential furlough in 2011
18:
3077:
2976:
2938:Guaranteed minimum income
2895:
2736:
2610:
2523:Organizational commitment
2475:
2367:
2334:
2197:
2122:
1999:
1926:
1860:
1647:
1569:
1513:
1363:
1260:
968:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635144
3107:Aspects of organizations
2788:Involuntary unemployment
2349:Equal pay for equal work
2272:Repetitive strain injury
1778:Professional development
1768:Professional association
1450:Letter of recommendation
395:Her Majesty's Government
321:global recession of 2009
3092:Aspects of corporations
3054:Slow movement (culture)
2933:Employer of last resort
2835:Structural unemployment
2773:Frictional unemployment
2212:Epilepsy and employment
2099:Performance-related pay
2033:National average salary
1951:996 working hour system
959:Frontiers in Psychology
335:implemented furloughs.
3102:Aspects of occupations
2908:Unemployment insurance
2860:Unemployment extension
2830:Reserve army of labour
2635:Constructive dismissal
2442:Sleeping while on duty
2407:Exploitation of labour
2289:Sick building syndrome
1465:Personâenvironment fit
1335:Independent contractor
1171:Philippine News Agency
267:In September 2019 the
128:
3112:Aspects of workplaces
2850:Unemployment benefits
2845:Types of unemployment
2783:Graduate unemployment
2677:Letter of resignation
2306:Workers' compensation
2299:Occupational fatality
1808:Vocational university
1408:Employment counsellor
961:. 12:635144: 635144.
732:Coronavirus Resources
230:Department of Defense
144:US federal government
2918:Job creation program
2694:Mandatory retirement
2647:Employee offboarding
2467:Workplace incivility
2462:Workplace harassment
2237:Occupational disease
2232:Occupational burnout
2147:Disability insurance
1991:Workweek and weekend
1798:Vocational education
1713:Continuing education
1551:Permanent employment
203:budget sequestration
150:United States Senate
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
2823:Recession-proof job
2818:Lists of recessions
2756:Economic depression
2704:Retirement planning
2585:Workâlife interface
2422:Employee monitoring
2390:Corporate behaviour
2380:Accounting scandals
2262:Occupational stress
2252:Occupational injury
1788:Reflective practice
1783:Professional school
1505:Work-at-home scheme
1425:Induction programme
1403:Employment contract
1383:Business networking
826:on October 13, 2014
344:United Technologies
3086:See also templates
2923:Job creation index
2887:Youth unemployment
2751:Discouraged worker
2640:Wrongful dismissal
2620:At-will employment
2493:Civil conscription
2457:Workplace bullying
2344:Affirmative action
2326:Workplace wellness
2257:Occupational noise
1898:Long service leave
1758:Overspecialization
1738:Induction training
1693:Career development
686:The New York Times
497:Short-time working
450:long service leave
323:companies such as
3135:
3134:
3034:Post-work society
3014:Kiss up kick down
2746:Barriers to entry
2711:Severance package
2543:Human trafficking
2437:Sexual harassment
2417:Employee handbook
2336:Equal opportunity
2199:Safety and health
2189:Take-home vehicle
1803:Vocational school
1753:Lifelong learning
1728:Further education
1688:Career counseling
1683:Career assessment
1460:Overqualification
1219:, March 11, 2009.
1146:. 9 December 2020
1120:. 28 October 2020
1097:. 12 August 2020.
1043:. April 14, 2020.
852:. October 7, 2013
391:COVID-19 pandemic
385:COVID-19 pandemic
263:Furloughs in 2020
187:Furloughs in 2013
91:
90:
83:
65:, as appropriate.
3160:
3148:Leave of absence
3122:Critique of work
3117:Corporate titles
3085:
3084:
3004:Evil corporation
2870:Employment rates
2793:Jobless recovery
2761:Great Depression
2721:Golden parachute
2716:Golden handshake
2513:Job satisfaction
2503:Critique of work
2321:Workplace phobia
2152:Health insurance
2109:Wage compression
2077:Progressive wage
1936:35-hour workweek
1903:No call, no show
1893:Leave of absence
1743:Knowledge worker
1671:Master craftsman
1475:Personality hire
1413:Executive search
1393:Curriculum vitae
1378:Background check
1247:
1240:
1233:
1224:
1223:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1110:
1099:
1098:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1071:on 26 March 2020
1051:
1045:
1044:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1011:
1005:
1004:
998:
990:
980:
970:
950:
944:
943:
941:
939:
922:
916:
915:
907:
901:
900:
887:
881:
880:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
842:
836:
835:
833:
831:
812:
806:
805:
803:
802:
786:
780:
779:
777:
776:
761:
755:
754:
752:
751:
740:
734:
729:
723:
722:
720:
718:
703:
697:
696:
695:
693:
676:
670:
669:
667:
665:
650:
644:
643:
641:
640:
629:
623:
622:
620:
619:
607:
601:
600:
598:
597:
582:
576:
575:
565:
557:
555:
553:
547:
539:
533:
532:
530:
528:
517:
294:Board of Regents
133:leave of absence
122:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
86:
79:
75:
72:
66:
38:
37:
30:
25:Leave (military)
3168:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3127:Organized labor
3097:Aspects of jobs
3073:
3064:Toxic workplace
2999:Emotional labor
2972:
2896:Public programs
2891:
2808:Great Recession
2778:Full employment
2766:Long Depression
2732:
2630:Banishment room
2606:
2528:Refusal of work
2471:
2395:Corporate crime
2363:
2330:
2193:
2118:
1995:
1922:
1856:
1733:Graduate school
1643:
1565:
1509:
1500:Underemployment
1359:
1303:Self-employment
1278:Contingent work
1268:Academic tenure
1261:Classifications
1256:
1251:
1213:, May 26, 2006.
1190:
1185:
1175:
1173:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1121:
1118:CNN Philippines
1112:
1111:
1102:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1020:Financial Times
1012:
1008:
992:
991:
951:
947:
937:
935:
934:. 26 March 2020
924:
923:
919:
908:
904:
889:
888:
884:
869:
865:
855:
853:
850:The Motley Fool
844:
843:
839:
829:
827:
814:
813:
809:
800:
798:
787:
783:
774:
772:
763:
762:
758:
749:
747:
742:
741:
737:
730:
726:
716:
714:
704:
700:
691:
689:
677:
673:
663:
661:
651:
647:
638:
636:
631:
630:
626:
617:
615:
614:. Money.cnn.com
608:
604:
595:
593:
583:
579:
559:
558:
551:
549:
545:
543:"Archived copy"
541:
540:
536:
526:
524:
519:
518:
514:
510:
502:Prison furlough
483:
455:missionary work
442:
413:
387:
374:
364:In April 2020,
340:Lockheed Martin
317:
285:
265:
257:
251:
211:federal deficit
199:
191:Main articles:
189:
177:
146:
141:
102:
98:
87:
76:
70:
67:
52:
39:
35:
28:
21:Furlough (film)
17:
12:
11:
5:
3166:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3049:Sunday scaries
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2800:
2798:Phillips curve
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2753:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2699:Retirement age
2696:
2686:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2652:Exit interview
2649:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2402:Discrimination
2399:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2354:Gender pay gap
2351:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2174:
2169:
2167:Parental leave
2164:
2162:Marriage leave
2159:
2157:Life insurance
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2013:Income bracket
2009:
2007:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1946:Eight-hour day
1943:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1705:
1703:Creative class
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1663:
1661:Apprenticeship
1657:
1655:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Scarlet-collar
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1369:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1345:Temporary work
1342:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1313:Skilled worker
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1214:
1204:
1189:
1188:External links
1186:
1184:
1183:
1157:
1131:
1100:
1082:
1046:
1032:
1006:
945:
917:
902:
882:
863:
837:
807:
781:
756:
735:
724:
698:
671:
645:
624:
602:
577:
534:
511:
509:
506:
505:
504:
499:
494:
489:
482:
479:
471:conjugal visit
459:military leave
441:
438:
412:
409:
386:
383:
373:
372:United Kingdom
370:
316:
315:Private sector
313:
284:
281:
264:
261:
253:Main article:
250:
247:
234:National Guard
188:
185:
176:
173:
145:
142:
140:
137:
89:
88:
49:of the subject
47:worldwide view
42:
40:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3165:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:Make-work job
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2943:Right to work
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2928:Job guarantee
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:Make-work job
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:Restructuring
2682:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Notice period
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2568:Unfree labour
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2538:Bonded labour
2536:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2452:Whistleblower
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2385:Control fraud
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2359:Glass ceiling
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2294:Work accident
2292:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2282:United States
2280:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2182:United States
2180:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2137:Casual Friday
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2094:Paid time off
2092:
2090:
2089:Overtime rate
2087:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2070:United States
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1941:Four-day week
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1825:Practice firm
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1723:Employability
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:Orange-collar
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1571:Working class
1568:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Job interview
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1298:Part-time job
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1283:Full-time job
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:Patrick Smith
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:United States
1195:
1192:
1191:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1145:
1144:BusinessWorld
1141:
1135:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1042:
1036:
1021:
1017:
1010:
1002:
996:
988:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
960:
956:
949:
933:
932:
927:
921:
913:
906:
898:
897:
892:
886:
878:
874:
867:
851:
847:
841:
825:
821:
817:
811:
797:on 2013-10-05
796:
792:
785:
771:on 2013-10-04
770:
766:
760:
745:
739:
733:
728:
713:
709:
702:
688:
687:
682:
675:
660:
656:
649:
634:
628:
613:
606:
592:
588:
581:
573:
569:
563:
552:September 22,
544:
538:
522:
516:
512:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
487:Four-day week
485:
484:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
447:
437:
434:
429:
426:
422:
418:
408:
406:
405:
400:
396:
392:
382:
379:
369:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
312:
310:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
280:
278:
274:
270:
260:
256:
246:
242:
240:
235:
231:
227:
223:
222:fiscal policy
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
198:
194:
184:
182:
172:
170:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
139:United States
136:
134:
130:
126:
120:
96:
85:
82:
74:
71:November 2020
64:
60:
56:
50:
48:
41:
32:
31:
26:
22:
3153:Working time
3059:Toxic leader
3039:Presenteeism
3019:Labor rights
3009:Going postal
2984:Bullshit job
2967:
2952:
2947:
2738:Unemployment
2590:Downshifting
2573:Wage slavery
2553:Penal labour
2508:Dead-end job
2498:Conscription
2277:Right to sit
2132:Annual leave
2114:Working poor
2050:Minimum wage
2028:Maximum wage
1986:Working time
1976:Six-hour day
1882:
1878:Career break
1840:Professional
1634:Black-collar
1604:White-collar
1584:Green-collar
1561:Volunteering
1398:Drug testing
1388:Cover letter
1328:Tradesperson
1174:. Retrieved
1170:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1143:
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1117:
1094:
1085:
1073:. Retrieved
1069:the original
1058:
1049:
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1019:
1009:
995:cite journal
958:
948:
936:. Retrieved
929:
920:
905:
894:
885:
876:
866:
854:. Retrieved
849:
840:
828:. Retrieved
824:the original
819:
810:
799:. Retrieved
795:the original
784:
773:. Retrieved
769:the original
759:
748:. Retrieved
738:
727:
715:. Retrieved
711:
701:
690:, retrieved
684:
674:
662:. Retrieved
658:
648:
637:. Retrieved
627:
616:. Retrieved
605:
594:. Retrieved
591:FedSmith.com
590:
585:Smith, Ian.
580:
550:. Retrieved
537:
525:. Retrieved
515:
475:work release
446:annual leave
443:
430:
424:
414:
402:
388:
377:
375:
363:
348:
337:
318:
302:
286:
266:
258:
243:
200:
178:
166:
147:
94:
92:
77:
68:
44:
2948:Historical:
2672:Resignation
2612:Termination
2595:Slow living
2563:Truck wages
2548:Labour camp
2476:Willingness
2368:Infractions
2023:Living wage
1971:Remote work
1639:Gold-collar
1594:Pink-collar
1589:Grey-collar
1579:Blue-collar
1546:Labour hire
1521:Cooperative
1485:Recruitment
1440:Job hunting
1373:Application
1355:Wage labour
1340:Labour hire
1293:Job sharing
1025:October 30,
717:January 10,
664:October 30,
417:Philippines
411:Philippines
399:HR managers
319:During the
3142:Categories
2882:Wage curve
2689:Retirement
2602:Workaholic
2580:Work ethic
2447:Wage theft
2432:Labour law
2427:Evaluation
2412:Dress code
2177:Sick leave
2142:Child care
2104:Salary cap
2018:Income tax
1981:Shift work
1918:Time clock
1913:Sick leave
1908:Sabbatical
1873:Break room
1861:Attendance
1830:Profession
1815:Mentorship
1793:Retraining
1718:E-learning
1614:New-collar
1609:Red-collar
1556:Supervisor
1536:Internship
1455:Onboarding
1323:Technician
1318:Journeyman
1288:Gig worker
1254:Employment
856:October 8,
830:October 8,
801:2013-10-08
775:2013-10-07
750:2013-10-07
639:2013-10-07
618:2013-10-07
596:2020-02-24
527:October 7,
508:References
440:Other uses
421:Labor Code
305:California
3069:Workhouse
2989:Busy work
2803:Recession
2667:Pink slip
2625:Dismissal
2488:Careerism
2082:Singapore
2060:Hong Kong
1928:Schedules
1847:Tradesman
1748:Licensure
1708:Education
1678:Avocation
1619:No-collar
1599:Precariat
1480:Probation
1435:Job fraud
1196:from the
1091:"Inquiry"
659:USA Today
467:probation
425:bono fide
376:The word
219:austerity
59:talk page
2977:See also
2903:Workfare
2728:Turnover
2124:Benefits
2005:salaries
1966:Overtime
1956:Flextime
1888:Gap year
1883:Furlough
1852:Vocation
1835:Operator
1698:Coaching
1653:training
1531:Employer
1526:Employee
1430:Job fair
1308:Side job
1075:26 March
987:33776862
938:31 March
712:Politico
692:March 5,
562:cite web
481:See also
378:furlough
95:furlough
53:You may
2953:U.S.A.:
2558:Peonage
2533:Slavery
2483:Boreout
2222:Karoshi
2172:Pension
1961:On-call
1666:Artisan
1350:Laborer
1176:7 March
1150:7 March
1124:7 March
978:7991597
820:ERE.net
415:In the
333:Gannett
296:of the
290:Georgia
283:Schools
123:; from
2657:Layoff
2207:Crunch
2065:Europe
2055:Canada
2043:Europe
1649:Career
1490:Résumé
1365:Hiring
1273:Casual
1060:GOV.UK
985:
975:
931:GOV.UK
896:Forbes
492:Layoff
463:parole
366:Disney
355:Macy's
351:Kohl's
331:, and
329:Toyota
292:, the
129:verlof
2518:McJob
2038:World
2001:Wages
1868:Break
1514:Roles
546:(PDF)
473:, or
325:Intel
125:Dutch
61:, or
2003:and
1651:and
1418:list
1178:2021
1152:2021
1126:2021
1077:2020
1027:2023
1001:link
983:PMID
940:2020
877:CNBC
858:2013
832:2013
719:2019
694:2020
666:2023
572:link
568:link
554:2010
529:2013
353:and
342:and
195:and
1541:Job
1209:by
973:PMC
963:doi
309:CSU
303:In
239:DoD
131:, "
110:ÉËr
3144::
1169:.
1142:.
1116:.
1103:^
1093:.
1063:.
1057:.
1018:.
997:}}
993:{{
981:.
971:.
957:.
928:.
893:.
875:.
848:.
818:.
710:.
683:,
657:.
589:.
564:}}
560:{{
477:.
469:,
465:,
457:,
448:,
393:,
361:.
327:,
127::
116:oÊ
93:A
1246:e
1239:t
1232:v
1203:.
1180:.
1154:.
1128:.
1079:.
1029:.
1003:)
989:.
965::
942:.
899:.
879:.
860:.
834:.
804:.
778:.
753:.
721:.
668:.
642:.
621:.
599:.
574:)
556:.
531:.
119:/
113:l
107:f
104:Ë
101:/
97:(
84:)
78:(
73:)
69:(
51:.
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.