463:
42:
628:
were other members of PB. Adhikari supported BTR line, and as such was responsible for it. The party elected a new PB in 1950 and suspended BTR leadership including
Adhikari. Adhikari made a remarkable self-critical analysis. He then went to Punjab to work as an ordinary member in 1951. He worked
244:
Gangadhar
Adhikari joined IISc (Indian Institute of Science), Bangalore as a research scholar. Impressed by the achievements of Germany, he learnt German. He wrote MSc dissertation on extraction of salts from barium sulphate, passing MSc without having to appear for viva. He was one of those rare
645:
in 1964. He played important role in formulating new program and delivered the Report on Party
Program at Bombay congress (1964). He was elected to Central Secretariat with specific responsibility of Party Education. At the Patna congress, he was elected to CEC, heading the Party Education and
650:, of which several volumes were published. He meticulously collected materials from all over the world, building rich Archives. He continued this work till he almost lost his sight and till death. Later he withdrew from all party posts, devoting himself entirely to study and research.
526:
Dr
Adhikari was arrested on 20 March 1929 along with 31 others and lodged in Meerut Jail in most inhuman conditions. He was made secretary of the Jail Group and drafted many documents. Motilal Nehru and others came to meet him and other prisoners. He was released in March 1933.
261:
Prof
Vollmar helped Adhikari in every way, their friendship lasting lifetime. Adhikari later met him again in GDR in 1964. After PhD Gangadhar became Dr Adhikari, later known as ‘Doc’. Adhikari met many world famous scientists and also collaborated with scientists like
216:
In this typical urbanized
Maharashtrian family, Gangadhar passed his formative years. His early schooling was in Education Society’s High School at Dadar, and matriculation from Wilson College in 1916. He was 8th in the whole Presidency, getting a scholarship.
593:
Adhikari was married to Vimal
Samarth in 1943 in a simple wedding in the Commune, where they lived too. Their son Vijay died while swimming at Juhu Beach in 1963, affecting both of them deeply, particularly Vimal, who got mentally upset.
450:(WPP). During WPP meeting in Calcutta in 1928 end, a secret meeting of CC of CPI was also held on 27-29 December 1928. It admitted Adhikari as CPI member and also included him in CC. He got to know prominent CPI leaders more closely.
535:
As Party outside was in a bad shape, Adhikari and some others organised a meeting of available comrades, forming a provisional CC with Dr G Adhikari as general secretary. He played a key role in party’s unification at the time.
597:
Adhikari was sent to Lahore in 1943 to sort out organizational problems. Patiently conducting a three-day GB of Punjab party members, he guided formation of new leadership. He also attended All India Bhakna Kisan
Conference.
453:
In Bombay, he lived in a workers' chawl, doing his own cooking. He got a paltry sum of Rs 25 p.m. from his father towards expenses. He did
Marxist education among workers. Later he shifted to Girni Kamgar Union (GKU) office.
632:
Dr
Adhikari was elected to CC in Madurai (1953-54) and Palghat congresses (1956). He delivered Report on new Party Constitution at Amritsar (5th) congress. He was elected to NC and CEC and then again at Vijaywada (1961).
437:
on colonial question. Top CID officers searched his belongings from morning till afternoon at the port but only got hold of Marxist literature. They were displayed as ‘evidence’ in Meerut Conspiracy Case in 1929.
257:
in Berlin. He joined Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg to study physical chemistry. Scientific attainments and knowledge of German language enabled him to complete doctorate in three instead of six years.
273:
Lack of money forced him to live on one meal only. So his professor found him work of measuring expansion coefficient of ceramics and then as research assistant. He even worked as chemist in a factory in 1927.
570:
polling officer. He also became Politburo member of CPI along with P. C. Joshi, Bhardwaj, and Ajoy Ghosh. He went underground when Second World War broke out. One of his hideouts was the flat of
410:
Adhikari approached Virendranath to help him go to Soviet Union. Though Virendranath could smuggle him in, he advised against as the British CID would harass him badly. So it was off.
213:
family. His grandfather was a small landlord in Ratnagiri, but losing property, became a clerk in district collector's office. Adhikari;s father shifted to Bombay, living in a chawl.
904:
369:
in 1928. Virendranath brought him in contact with CPG. It had its headquarters in Karl Liebknecht's house. His membership application was signed by Virendranath and
934:
241:. He passed his Intermediate science exams in 1918 topping in the entire state. He graduated in 1920. He was awarded scholarship at every stage of education.
939:
566:
Adhikari was elected to Bombay Provincial Congress Committee in 1939, defeating Shantabai Vengarkar. Dilshad Chari was Adhikari's polling agent and
225:
Gangadhar attended his first political meeting in 1918, addressed by Tilak. He also listened to speeches at Marathi Literary Society established by
605:
of February 1946, he persuaded RIN ratings not to blow up the ammunition dump at Castle Barracks, which would have endangered people’s lives.
702:
542:
He was arrested in May 1934, sent to Byculla Jail and then Bijapur Jail. In February 1937, he made a dramatic escape from Bijapur helped by
617:
678:
as it stressed the importance of a nationality to share a common language, a defined territory and a common national consciousness.
909:
924:
656:
Adhikari died at 83 years of age on 21 November 1981 due to heart attack. His wife Vimal had died at the beginning of the year.
929:
629:
there in general elections of 1952. He also worked as an ordinary member in Parliamentary Office in Delhi and later in Bombay.
582:
Adhikari was elected to CC and PB at the First Congress of CPI held in 1943 in Bombay. In June 1943 Adhikari became editor of
872:
826:
342:, and others visited as CPG leaders as well. Adhikari delivered his first speech in German on Jallianwalan Bagh anniversary.
434:
556:
became acting general secretary. Back in Bombay, Adhikari became one of the architects of party organ ‘National Front’.
400:, general secretary of CPG, who became famous after contesting presidential elections, receiving 12.6 percent of votes.
914:
447:
674:
300:, a revolutionary and Communist, who founded Indian Association, whose meetings Dr. Adhikari attended. Adhikari met
919:
192:(CPI), one of the oldest political parties in India. He was a chemical scientist who earned his Ph.D. degree in
253:
Preferring Germany to England for monetary reasons, he set sail for Germany in July 1922 from Colombo, joining
608:
Adhikari attended a conference of CPs of British colonies in London in February-March 1947, representing CPI.
254:
210:
319:
Adhikari attended political lectures of Max Beer and others at India House, read John Reed, RPD, etc. RPD's
297:
17:
373:, leader of youth section of CPG and general secretary of League Against Imperialism. Adhikari also met
366:
324:
864:
The Political Philosophies of Antonio Gramsci and B. R. Ambedkar: Itineraries of Dalits and Subalterns
209:
Gangadhar Moreshwar Adhikari was born on 8 December 1898 in Panvel, Colaba district, near Mumbai in a
301:
641:
He wrote extensively during ideological-political discussions in 1960s, including an important work
602:
571:
483:
189:
151:
54:
710:
843:
393:
862:
560:
238:
899:
894:
790:
339:
313:
8:
515:
370:
771:
285:
868:
822:
763:
752:"Translating Marx: Mavali, Dalit and the Making of Mumbai's Working Class, 1928-1935"
553:
503:
475:
389:
125:
89:
462:
495:
494:, Gopen Chakravarti, Kishori Lal Ghosh, L. R. Kadam, D. R. Thengdi, Goura Shanker,
491:
471:
234:
185:
816:
732:
567:
397:
309:
121:
664:
Adhikari's position on the national question, published in 1943 under the name
646:
Studies Department. He was also entrusted with collecting, editing and writing
625:
621:
511:
507:
499:
479:
350:
281:
came to see him, as he wanted to ‘have a look’ at the young Indian scientist.
888:
767:
669:
487:
354:
331:
267:
230:
559:
Adhikari lectured at Mantenavaripalam Summer School of Politics (AP), where
349:. He met Jaisurya Naidu, Suhasini Chattopadhyaya (sister of Virendranath),
323:
finally "converted" him! He regularly visited bookshop in central office of
419:
335:
305:
470:
prisoners taken outside the jail. Back row (left to right): K. N. Sehgal,
433:
Adhikari returned to Bombay in December 1928, secretly carrying Theses of
818:
Surkh Salam: Communist Politics and Class Activism in Pakistan, 1947-1972
519:
427:
423:
270:. The latter two later worked in the Manhattan atom bomb project in USA.
263:
226:
129:
775:
418:
Adhikari felt isolated from events back home. Wanting to return, he met
751:
543:
77:
590:. His analyses of the battle fronts in World War II were widely read.
374:
41:
278:
403:
Adhikari went to his factory every day with a copy of party paper
546:, reaching Calcutta. There he drafted a Manifesto of CPI, titled
539:
He was very active in the widespread strike movement those days.
188:
and prolific writer. He was the former general secretary of the
653:
He was Chairman of Central Control Commission in his last days.
467:
193:
117:
229:
and others in the College. Adhikari was deeply impressed by
643:
Communist Party and India's Path to National Regeneration
441:
377:
and Clemens Dutt, elder brother of RPD in the League.
330:
Adhikari soon became president of Indian Association.
245:
students who was awarded Master's degree in absentia.
905:
Communist Party of India politicians from Maharashtra
510:. Front row: M. G. Desai, D. Goswami, R. S. Nimbkar,
388:
directly from German into Marathi. Adhikari also met
360:
277:
It was during his work at University laboratory that
184:(8 December 1898 – 21 November 1981) was a prominent
446:Adhikari contacted C. J. Desai and M. G. Desai of
255:Frederick Wilhelm University (Humboldt University)
577:
357:, a friend of India and China, was ever present.
886:
814:
935:Indian independence activists from Maharashtra
550:, circulated in Faizpur session of Congress.
457:
530:
430:for future prospects. They promised help.
384:(Marathi, Bombay) and translated Engels's
284:Among those whom Adhikari tutored was Dr.
40:
683:Documents of the Communist Party of India
616:Adhikari was elected to the CC and PB at
396:. He regularly attended mass meetings of
220:
940:Prisoners and detainees of British India
733:"Dr. Gangadhar Adhikari and SG Sardesai"
461:
407:(Red Flag) and discussed with workers.
288:, the future Director General of CSIR.
14:
887:
810:
808:
806:
804:
749:
291:
237:, and had great regard for scientist
860:
442:At Communist Party of India meetings
841:
801:
24:
709:. 20 February 2015. Archived from
707:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
666:Pakistan and Indian National Unity
636:
413:
386:Questions and Answers on Communism
361:Joining Communist Party of Germany
25:
951:
743:
703:"Adhikari, Gangadhar 1898 – 1981"
675:Marxism and the National Question
861:Zene, Cosimo (23 October 2013).
788:
345:He was deeply moved by the film
910:20th-century Indian politicians
791:"A vital chapter from the past"
659:
925:20th-century Indian historians
854:
835:
782:
725:
695:
620:in Calcutta in February 1948.
578:First party congress and later
312:and others, who later founded
296:While in Berlin, Adhikari met
13:
1:
930:Indian independence activists
756:Economic and Political Weekly
688:
611:
248:
211:Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu
204:
448:Workers’ and Peasants’ Party
199:
7:
681:He compiled the ten volume
648:Documents of History of CPI
601:Being actively involved in
490:, G. Adhikari. Middle row:
298:Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
27:Indian Marxist theoretician
10:
956:
737:bhupinder_singh.tripod.com
574:, biographer of Gandhiji.
367:Communist Party of Germany
325:Communist Party of Germany
915:Indian Marxist historians
815:Kamran Asdar Ali (2015).
458:In Meerut Conspiracy Case
173:
165:
157:
147:
135:
104:
99:
95:
83:
71:
60:
53:General Secretary of the
52:
48:
39:
32:
603:Royal Indian Navy mutiny
531:General secretary of CPI
327:for Marxist literature.
190:Communist Party of India
152:Communist Party of India
55:Communist Party of India
624:(GS), Bhowani Sen, and
392:, later his comrade in
920:Indian Marxist writers
750:Shaikh, Juned (2011).
523:
466:Portrait of 25 of the
435:6th Comintern congress
394:Meerut Conspiracy Case
221:In touch with politics
182:Dr. Gangadhar Adhikari
465:
365:Soon Adhikari joined
844:"MAKING OF A THESIS"
340:S. Srinivasa Iyengar
314:Jamia Millia Islamia
186:Marxist theoretician
618:2nd congress of CPI
347:Battleship Potemkin
778:– via JSTOR.
668:, was inspired by
524:
292:Political contacts
34:Gangadhar Adhikari
874:978-1-134-49408-8
828:978-0-19-940308-0
390:Lester Hutchinson
177:
176:
126:Bombay Presidency
16:(Redirected from
947:
879:
878:
858:
852:
851:
839:
833:
832:
812:
799:
798:
789:PATI, BISWAMOY.
786:
780:
779:
747:
741:
740:
729:
723:
722:
720:
718:
699:
561:C. Rajeswara Rao
476:H. L. Hutchinson
371:Willi Münzenberg
235:R. G. Bhandarkar
142:
139:21 November 1981
114:
112:
100:Personal details
86:
74:
65:
44:
30:
29:
21:
955:
954:
950:
949:
948:
946:
945:
944:
885:
884:
883:
882:
875:
859:
855:
842:NOORANI, A. G.
840:
836:
829:
821:. p. 296.
813:
802:
787:
783:
748:
744:
731:
730:
726:
716:
714:
713:on 20 July 2020
701:
700:
696:
691:
662:
639:
637:Split and later
614:
580:
572:D. G. Tendulkar
568:Bhulabhai Desai
563:first met him.
548:Gathering Storm
533:
460:
444:
416:
414:Return to India
398:Ernst Thaelmann
363:
294:
251:
223:
207:
202:
148:Political party
140:
122:Colaba District
116:
115:8 December 1898
110:
108:
84:
72:
66:
61:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
953:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
881:
880:
873:
853:
834:
827:
800:
781:
742:
724:
693:
692:
690:
687:
661:
658:
638:
635:
626:Somnath Lahiri
622:B. T. Ranadive
613:
610:
579:
576:
532:
529:
522:, Gopal Basak.
512:S. S. Mirajkar
508:Muzaffar Ahmad
500:K. N. Joglekar
480:Shaukat Usmani
459:
456:
443:
440:
415:
412:
362:
359:
351:Sarojini Naidu
293:
290:
286:Hussain Zaheer
250:
247:
222:
219:
206:
203:
201:
198:
175:
174:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
143:(aged 82)
137:
133:
132:
106:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
87:
81:
80:
75:
69:
68:
58:
57:
50:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
952:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
876:
870:
867:. Routledge.
866:
865:
857:
849:
845:
838:
830:
824:
820:
819:
811:
809:
807:
805:
796:
792:
785:
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:(31): 65–73.
761:
757:
753:
746:
738:
734:
728:
712:
708:
704:
698:
694:
686:
684:
679:
677:
676:
671:
670:Joseph Stalin
667:
657:
654:
651:
649:
644:
634:
630:
627:
623:
619:
609:
606:
604:
599:
595:
591:
589:
585:
575:
573:
569:
564:
562:
557:
555:
551:
549:
545:
540:
537:
528:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:, A. Prasad,
485:
484:B. F. Bradley
481:
477:
473:
469:
464:
455:
451:
449:
439:
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
411:
408:
406:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
380:He wrote for
378:
376:
372:
368:
358:
356:
355:Agnes Smedley
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
333:
332:Motilal Nehru
328:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
302:Zakir Hussain
299:
289:
287:
282:
280:
275:
271:
269:
268:Eugene Wigner
265:
259:
256:
246:
242:
240:
236:
232:
231:Khudiram Bose
228:
218:
214:
212:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
172:
168:
164:
161:Vimal Samarth
160:
156:
153:
150:
146:
138:
134:
131:
130:British India
127:
123:
119:
107:
103:
98:
94:
91:
88:
82:
79:
76:
70:
64:
59:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
863:
856:
847:
837:
817:
794:
784:
759:
755:
745:
736:
727:
715:. Retrieved
711:the original
706:
697:
682:
680:
673:
665:
663:
660:Bibliography
655:
652:
647:
642:
640:
631:
615:
607:
600:
596:
592:
588:People's Age
587:
586:and then of
584:People's War
583:
581:
565:
558:
552:
547:
541:
538:
534:
525:
496:S. Bannerjee
452:
445:
432:
420:Meghnad Saha
417:
409:
404:
402:
385:
381:
379:
364:
353:and others.
346:
344:
336:Muhammad Ali
329:
320:
318:
306:Abid Hussain
295:
283:
276:
272:
260:
252:
243:
224:
215:
208:
181:
180:
178:
169:Theoretician
141:(1981-11-21)
85:Succeeded by
62:
900:1981 deaths
895:1898 births
554:P. C. Joshi
520:S. V. Ghate
516:S. A. Dange
504:P. C. Joshi
492:R. R. Mitra
428:C. V. Raman
424:Satyen Bose
321:India Today
264:Leo Szilard
227:S. A. Dange
73:Preceded by
18:G. Adhikari
889:Categories
689:References
612:BTR period
544:Ajoy Ghosh
472:S. S. Josh
426:, and Sir
405:Rote Fahne
249:In Germany
239:J. C. Bose
205:Early life
166:Occupation
111:1898-12-08
90:P.C. Joshi
78:S.V. Ghate
848:Frontline
795:Frontline
768:0012-9976
488:P. Spratt
375:M. N. Roy
310:M. Mujeeb
200:Biography
196:in 1927.
67:1933–1935
63:In office
776:23017878
279:Einstein
233:and Dr.
717:19 July
871:
825:
774:
766:
468:Meerut
382:Kranti
194:Berlin
158:Spouse
118:Panvel
772:JSTOR
869:ISBN
823:ISBN
764:ISSN
719:2020
266:and
136:Died
105:Born
672:'s
891::
846:.
803:^
793:.
770:.
760:46
758:.
754:.
735:.
705:.
685:.
518:,
514:,
506:,
502:,
498:,
482:,
478:,
474:,
422:,
338:,
334:,
316:.
308:,
304:,
128:,
124:,
120:,
877:.
850:.
831:.
797:.
739:.
721:.
113:)
109:(
20:)
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