189:. This differed principally in having a smaller span lower wing, resulting in the outer 'side-curtains' between the upper and lower wings angled outwards. After this first flight, Bleriot suggested to Voisin that they form a partnership to build aircraft, so Voisin ended his association with Archdeacon's syndicate. Voisin attempted flights in both aircraft on 18 July 1905. Although the weather was unsuitable, with a strong crosswind, Voisin tried to fly the aircraft since obtaining permission to use the river was difficult. He made a short flight in his glider and then tried a flight in Bleriot's. This took off quickly, but Voisin could not control it, so it crashed into the river. Voisin was trapped inside and was lucky to escape drowning. Louis Bleriot's cine footage of this experiment survives in the Smithsonian's
200:, was a tandem biplane powered by an Antoinette engine driving two tractor propellers with the wings formed into a closed ellipse as seen from the front: according to Voisin's account, Bleriot had initially wanted the lifting surfaces to be circular in front elevation, having experimented with models of this form, and the adoption of their eventual form was the result of a compromise between the two men. This aircraft was unsuccessful, as was its subsequent modification (the Blériot IV) in which a conventional biplane arrangement and a second engine added replaced the forward wing. Experiments were made first with floats and then with a wheeled undercarriage, and the aircraft was wrecked in a taxiing accident at Bagatelle on the morning of 12 November 1906. Later that day, also at Bagatelle,
363:. His early cars were some of the finest luxury vehicles in the world, with unique technical details. Many of them won in competition. However, the luxury car market shrank in the 1930s because of depressed economic conditions followed in June 1940 by the invasion of France by Nazi Germany forcing him to close down his factory. "In 1939, a certain Hitler unleashed the regrettable chain of events that French people are all too familiar with." - Gabriel Voisin. After 1945, he turned his attention to designing a minimalist car for the masses, the
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allies, including Russia. The Type VIII (about 1,100 built) and Type X (about 900 built) were delivered in 1917 and 1918. Those last to appear Voisin military aircraft were almost identical in appearance to the Voisin III, although they were heavier and featured twice as powerful
Peugeot and Renault engines. They also had a longer range and carried almost twice the bomb load of their predecessor. A complete and original Voisin Type VIII bomber aircraft is preserved in excellent condition at the Smithsonian's
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31:
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radial engine, was extensively used for bombing and observation missions during World War I. It had a light steel frame and thus could be stationed outdoors. The Voisin III was built in large numbers (about 1,000) between 1914 and 1916 and sold not only to the French air services but also to other
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In the 1920s, the company also proposed a 'Motor-Fly' which was a bicycle with a small auxiliary 2-stroke engine added to the back wheel, and also produced pre-fabricated houses that could be built in 3 days ('votre maison en trois jours - your house in 3 days'). These were available with a floor
249:
Santos-Dumont's flights in the 14-bis, in
November 1906, were Europe's first officially observed and verified heavier-than-air powered flights. Despite its fame, all that the 14-bis could achieve was a short flight on a straight line. It had no potential beyond that, and it was quickly abandoned.
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in April 1904, and some short flights of around 20 m (66 ft) were achieved. Archdeacon then commissioned Voisin to build another glider of similar design, but differing in having a fixed horizontal stabiliser behind the wings and its front-mounted elevator. This was tested at
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and the wings. Voisin successfully flew it on 8 June 1905, having been towed into the air behind a motor boat on the river Seine between the
Billancourt and Sèvres bridges, managing a flight of about 600 m (2,000 ft). While working on this aircraft, Voisin was approached by
273:
for making the first one-kilometer closed-circuit flight on 13 January 1908. Both Farman and
Delagrange won great fame with these aircraft, competing with each other for aviation records. The Voisins' machines became widely known as Europe's first successful aircraft.
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on 26 March 1905 by towing it into the air using
Archdeacon's automobile. Fortunately, the test was unmanned, the pilot's place being taken by 50 kg (110 lb) of ballast since the aircraft suffered a structural failure and crashed. It was not rebuilt.
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area of 35, 75 or 105 square meters, and were constructed around a metal framework. Some of these houses still exist, but none in their original condition. The houses carry the logo 'Avion Voisin Issy', just like the other products from the factory.
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Their grandfather, Charles
Forestier, took charge of the boys' education with military rigor. The boys also went for expeditions along the river, went fishing, and built numerous contraptions. When his grandfather died, Gabriel was sent to school in
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and Paris, where he learned industrial design, a field Voisin claims to have been exceptionally gifted. He often returned home, and by the end of the century, the brothers had built, among other things, a rifle, a steamboat, and an automobile.
87:(5 February 1880 – 25 December 1973) was a French aviation pioneer and the creator of Europe's first manned, engine-powered, heavier-than-air aircraft capable of a sustained (1 km), circular, controlled flight, which was made by
151:, which was displayed at the Paris International Exposition of 1900. This awakened an interest in the problems of powered flight. After nine months of military service, in February 1904, he attended a lecture given by Captain
237:
was the world's first commercial airplane factory. At this time, aspiring
European aviators were in fierce competition to be the first to achieve powered heavier-than-air flights. Until Wilbur Wright's demonstrations at
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After 1912, the factory shifted its manufacturing and sales towards supplying the French military. When World War I broke out in 1914, Voisin immediately volunteered for service with the French Air Corps. The
718:
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Later, Farman modified and improved the Voisin pusher biplane considerably. He eventually ended his cooperation with the Voisin brothers, following a disagreement, and started manufacturing
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Voisin, Gabriel,1960,"Mes 10.000 Cerfs-Volants". Voisin's first volume of personal memoirs. Editor:"Editions de la Table Ronde", Paris . Also published in
English under the title :
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canard biplane for a distance of over 100 metres. After the failure of this machine, Voisin and Blériot dissolved their partnership, and Voisin set up a company with his brother
159:, the leading promoter and financial supporter of early French aviation, and Archdeacon hired him to test fly the Wright-type glider that he had built. The tests took place at
357:) during the war in addition to the then embryonic demand for civilian aircraft. From then until 1958, he concentrated his efforts on making automobiles under the brand of
510:
Voisin
Gabriel, 1962, "Mes milles et une Voitures" ( My 1001 automobiles ). Voisin's second volume of personal memoirs. Editor: "Editions de la Table Ronde", Paris.
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242:(France) in August 1908, many people did not believe the claims of the Wright brothers to have achieved sustained flights: for instance, that the Wrights'
155:,, one of the leading figures in French aviation circles at the time. After the lecture, Voisin approached Ferber and was given an introduction to
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After completing his studies at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Lyon in 1899, he joined an architectural firm in Paris. While in Paris, he saw the
838:
537:
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Voisin, Gabriel, 1966, "Henry Farman (1874–1960)", :" Revue
Aeronautique Trimestrielle des Vieilles Tiges " No7, January 1966. pp 8–16.
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123:, two years younger than him, was his main childhood companion. When his father abandoned the family, his mother, Amélie, took her sons to
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734:
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292:, which became very successful. The Voisin brothers continued the expansion of their factory, resulting, for example, in the
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Voisin then designed and built a glider equipped with floats for the Archdeacon. This aircraft marks the first use of
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373:. Today, his pre-war luxury automobiles have become highly prized by collectors, both in Europe and in the USA.
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in 1912 in an automobile accident near Belleville-sur-SaĂ´ne. Still, he continued the expansion of the
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Voisin abandoned aviation, citing the trauma of the military use of his more advanced airplanes (the
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842:
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51:
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river, where he wrote his memoirs. A few years later, in 1965, he was made a Commander of the
103:. Subsequently, he switched to the design and production of luxury automobiles under the name
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201:
124:
912:
907:
813:
319:
205:
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Tatin,V., 1910, " Theorie et Pratique de l'Aviation ", H.Dunod et E.Pinat Editeurs, Paris.
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engines, were built by the Voisin brothers for two early aviation pioneers: the first for
8:
877:
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165:
285:. In the same year, Voisin married Adrienne-Lola Bernet; they had one daughter, Janine.
487:
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881:
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367:, thousands of which were produced under licence in Spain during the 1950s as the
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had flown 24 miles (38.9 km) in 39 minutes 23 seconds on 5 October 1905.
901:
872:
Eccentric France : the Bradt guide to mad, magical and marvellous France
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in Washington,D.C. It is the oldest preserved bomber aircraft in the world.
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In 1960 he retired to his country house, "La Cadolle", at Le Villars near
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839:"Tableau récapitulatif des productions d'aéroplanes et d'avions VOISIN"
354:
333:
100:
281:, and along with Blériot was awarded the Prix Osiris, awarded by the
243:
177:
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790:(1st ed.). Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. pp. 232–235.
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386:
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239:
215:
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The following aircraft built by Voisin for Bleriot in 1906, the
30:
538:"Gabriel Voisin, an Air Pioneer, Who Flew Glider in 1904, Dies"
402:
289:
185:, who asked him to build a similar machine, later known as the
70:
591:"Les Frères Voisin Gabriel (1880–1973) et Charles (1882–1912)"
787:
Wilbur and Orville : a biography of the Wright brothers
132:
348:
99:
became a major producer of military aircraft, notably the
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Voisin was greatly affected by the death of his brother
302:
After the death of Charles Voisin: AĂ©roplanes G. Voisin
261:
in March 1907, and the second for his friend and rival
876:. Chalfont St. Peter, : Bradt Travel Guides. pp.
671:. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications. pp. 39–53.
563:
Biographical dictionary of the history of technology
265:
in October 1907. The second one became known as the
253:Two almost identical pusher biplane machines, with
869:
336:, a two-seater pusher biplane with a 120 hp
899:
127:, where they settled near her father's factory.
668:Contact! : the story of the early aviators
409:at the age of 93. He was buried at Le Villars.
269:, and was flown by Farman to win Archdeacon's
115:Gabriel Voisin was born on 5 February 1880 in
91:on 13 January 1908 near Paris, France. During
216:Commercial airplane production: Voisin Frères
277:In 1909, Voisin was made a Chevalier of the
933:French founders of automobile manufacturers
559:
139:
29:
566:. London: Routledge. pp. 1263–1264.
310:Gabriel (left) and Charles Voisin in 1906
585:
583:
325:Société Anonyme des Aéroplanes G. Voisin
305:
219:
867:
747:
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454:L'Aviation d'Ader et des temps heroique
421:– engineer on the Seine glider and the
349:Switch to car production: Avions Voisin
900:
783:
748:Whitson, William W. (September 2002).
716:
691:
555:
553:
532:
530:
491:French Aeroplanes Before the Great War
234:Appareils d'Aviation Les Frères Voisin
723:. : Kessinger Pub. pp. 109–111.
685:
580:
918:People from Belleville-en-Beaujolais
863:
861:
859:
456:. Paris: Editions Albin Michel,1950.
441:.London: White Mouse Editions, 1991
212:to design and manufacture aircraft.
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13:
938:Commanders of the Legion of Honour
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14:
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856:
777:
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710:
696:. Friedman/Fairfax. p. 311.
694:Biplanes, Triplanes and Seaplanes
811:Prix Osiris awarded to Aviation
643:
475:The Rebirth of European Aviation
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754:. pp. 126, 192, 255, 285.
665:Villard, Henry Serrano (2002).
322:factory under the changed name
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625:
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1:
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343:National Air and Space Museum
191:National Air and Space Museum
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493:Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 1999.
439:Automobiles Voisin,1919–1950
7:
928:French automobile designers
717:Vivian, E. Charles (2004).
505:Men, Women and 10,000 kites
412:
10:
954:
119:, France, and his brother
461:Bleriot, Herald of An Age
97:company founded by Voisin
59:
37:
28:
21:
923:French aviation pioneers
720:A history of aeronautics
692:Sharpe, Michael (2000).
613:Gibbs-Smith 1974, p. 127
463:. Stroud: Tempus, 2000.
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204:succeeded in flying his
140:Early flying experiments
868:Letcher, Piers (2003).
622:Gibbs-Smith 1974, p.122
507:by Putnam,London, 1963.
401:, 25 December 1973, in
16:French aviation pioneer
477:. London, HMSO. 1974.
311:
279:French Legion of Honor
229:
784:Howard, Fred (1987).
309:
271:Grand Prix d'Aviation
223:
202:Alberto Santos-Dumont
814:Flight International
560:McNeil, Ian (1996).
546:. December 27, 1973.
389:on the banks of the
320:Boulogne-Billancourt
176:, used both for the
117:Belleville-sur-SaĂ´ne
52:Belleville-sur-SaĂ´ne
488:Opdycke, Leonard E.
166:Issy-les-Moulineaux
774:Opdycke 1999 p.264
640:Voisin 1963 p. 142
473:Gibbs-Smith, C.H.
437:Courtault, Pascal
312:
283:Institut de France
230:
125:Neuville-sur-SaĂ´ne
631:Elliott 2000 p.34
595:Monash University
452:Cahisa, Raymond
157:Ernest Archdeacon
82:
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841:. Archived from
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395:Legion d'Honneur
153:Ferdinand Ferber
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63:25 December 1973
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432:Further reading
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290:his own designs
267:Voisin-Farman I
259:Leon Delagrange
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48:5 February 1880
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737:on 2014-05-24.
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543:New York Times
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459:Elliott, B.A.
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449:( in English )
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427:rotary engine.
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407:SaĂ´ne-et-Loire
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210:Charles Voisin
174:Hargrave cells
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121:Charles Voisin
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85:Gabriel Voisin
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75:SaĂ´ne-et-Loire
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67:(aged 93)
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23:Gabriel Voisin
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887:1-84162-068-8
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751:The Fledgling
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399:Christmas Day
397:. He died on
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847:. Retrieved
843:the original
833:
826:Flight, 1914
821:
816:19 June 1909
806:
786:
779:
770:
750:
743:
735:the original
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687:
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609:
598:. Retrieved
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263:Henry Farman
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232:
231:
228:(left), 1908
226:Henry Farman
224:Voisin with
195:
171:
146:Clément Ader
143:
129:
114:
89:Henry Farman
84:
83:
65:(1973-12-25)
913:1973 deaths
908:1880 births
424:Gnome Omega
198:Bleriot III
93:World War I
902:Categories
849:2011-06-14
600:2010-03-30
521:References
355:Voisin III
334:Voisin III
255:Antoinette
187:Bleriot II
111:Early life
101:Voisin III
44:1880-02-05
828:, p. 906.
365:Biscooter
298:of 1911.
244:Flyer III
178:empennage
149:Avion III
413:See also
370:BiscĂşter
77:, France
54:, France
387:Tournus
338:Salmson
316:Charles
240:Le Mans
884:
794:
758:
727:
700:
675:
570:
497:
481:
467:
445:
403:Ozenay
206:14-bis
95:, the
71:Ozenay
880:–39.
391:SaĂ´ne
381:Death
882:ISBN
792:ISBN
756:ISBN
725:ISBN
698:ISBN
673:ISBN
568:ISBN
495:ISBN
479:ISBN
465:ISBN
443:ISBN
133:Lyon
60:Died
38:Born
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878:38
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