425:
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339:. The construction technology of the roof employs primary wrought-iron arches in order to support the glazing. By contrast, arcades that were built earlier were smaller and had simpler roofs: the same components were used for both load bearing and glazing purposes. In addition, the roof at Milan was equipped with invisible reinforcements in the supporting walls. This complicated roof is discussed as the unity of four systems that were skillfully combined through characteristic construction details. This construction technology was creative for avoiding visible tie-rods in the spans of the vaults and the dome, for a special effect of the glass plates and for the glazing bars.
413:
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335:(1845â1847), the Milan arcade was also special because of the large spans of the vaults and the ethereal effect of the entire glass canopy. The construction of the whole Gallery was the result of international collaboration. This especially concerned the roof: the ironwork was produced, transported and installed by the French Atelier Henry Joret. The glass plates were made of flat ribbed glass by
350:. Before that the roof had undergone multiple maintenance interventions. Serious problems in the roof were reported in the 1970s, and some of them were solved in the 1980s. The roof that we see today has gone through different historic modifications and represents complicated conservation issues. In 2015, in preparation for
330:
According to Geist, the Milan gallery and the roof were unprecedented in dimensions by previously built shopping arcades. Another difference with already existing passages, was the monumental character of the roof at Milan. Jodice, for example, appreciated the monumental spatial effect of the dome.
318:
The Milan gallery and its roof have been acknowledged as an important reference on 19th-century iron-and-glass architecture by
Pevsner and Hitchcock. As one can still observe today, the roof consists of four barrel vaults (approximately 14.5 m in width and 8.5 m in height) that are crowned with a
424:
319:
huge dome (around 37.5 m as internal diameter and 17.10 m in height). Jorini pointed out the accomplishments of this dome with special regard to the large dimensions. Each of the roof parts is topped with a lantern.
1010:
436:
397:. The Galleria is famous for being home to some of the oldest shops and restaurants in Milan, such as Biffi Caffè (founded in 1867 by Paolo Biffi, pastry chef to the monarch), the Savini restaurant,
548:
To the north is the entrance to the
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, Italy's oldest and most elegant shopping gallery. Its four-storey arcade has many boutiques, bookshops, bars and restaurants.
1604:
472:
491:
824:
L'architettura del ferro: raccolta di motivi per costruzioni civili, ferroviarie ed artistiche compilata col concorso dei migliori ingegneri, architetti e costruttori italiani
53:
1007:
701:
Stoyanova, I. (2015). "Promoting a
Nineteenth-century Italian Technology: the Crystal Skies of the Milanese Gallery Vittorio Emanuele II". In Toniolo, L. (ed.).
535:
1520:
916:
Stoyanova, I. (2015). "The Iron Roof of the Milan
Gallery Vittorio Emanuele II: Historic Importance and Past Maintenance for Adequate Future Interventions".
852:
Stoyanova, I. (2016). "The Roof of the
Gallery Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan: Reconstructing the Original Building Technology". In Campbell, J. W. P. (ed.).
940:
Vallatta, A. (1981) Relazione sullo stato delle strutture in ferro della copertura della
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II. Milano: Comune di Milano.
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2110:
460:
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854:
Further
Studies in the History of Construction, Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference of the Construction History Society
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Proceedings of the
Conference Scienza e Beni Cultirali 2015: Metalli in architettura. Conoscenza, conservazione e innovazione
861:
710:
584:
354:, the facades, statues, and mosaics underwent detailed cleaning and repair, using a giant moving crane scaffolding system.
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this will bring good luck. This practice causes damage to the mosaic: a hole developed on the place of the bull's genitals.
2095:
1572:
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Bertels, I.; Wouters, I.; Stoyanova, I. (2015). "Glazed wrought-iron arcades: building technologies and spatial effects".
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I materiali metallici negli interventi di restauro e recupero edilizio: atti del convegno e mostra 18-19-20 maggio 1989
292:) plus Milan's. Tradition says that if a person spins around three times with a heel on the testicles of the bull from
261:
was larger in scale than its predecessors and was an important step in the evolution of the modern glazed and enclosed
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378:(Milan's drawing room), due to its numerous shops and importance as a common Milanese meeting and dining place.
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Gianni, G. (1989). "Restauro della
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II a Milano". In Gimma, M. G. (ed.).
203:
837:
Selvafotla, O. (1983). "La
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele". In Castellano, A.; Selvafolta, O. (eds.).
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In comparison to earlier emblematic arcades, such as Galerie d'OrlĂŠans (1828â1829) and
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Saldini, ed. (1885). "La copertura della Galleria Vittorio Emanuele di Milano".
671:
Jorini, A. F. (1892). "La cupola della Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II a Milano".
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Piazza del Duomo e Galleria Vittorio Emanuele in Milano tecnica dal 1859 al 1884
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On the ground of the central octagonal, there are four mosaics portraying the
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265:, of which it was the direct progenitor. It has inspired the use of the term
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The structure consists of two glass-vaulted arcades intersecting in an
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As of 2013, the arcade principally contains luxury retailers selling
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158:) is Italy's oldest active shopping gallery and a major landmark of
1975:
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1141:
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285:
231:
1219:
812:
Bertels, Wouters & Stoyanova, Glazed wrought-iron arcades: 55.
125:
120:
1871:
856:. Cambridge: The Construction History Society. pp. 277â294.
386:
199:
390:
479:
247:
219:
2001:
430:
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II from inside the arcade, c. 1880
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roof, a popular design for 19th-century arcades, such as the
159:
1131:
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The Galleria connects two of Milan's most famous landmarks:
289:
254:
1605:
Museo della Scienza e della Tecnologia "Leonardo da Vinci"
743:
International Journal of the Construction History Society
1132:
History and Restoration of Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
920:. Venezia: Edizione Arcadia Ricerche. pp. 390â392.
740:
401:
hat-shop (1883) and the Art Nouveau classic Camparino.
608:. Princeton, JC: Princeton University Press. pp.
534:, London, England, U.K.: Apa Publications UK, 2012,
690:. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. pp. 100, 101, 371.
342:The historical roof was heavily damaged during the
310:, but the Galleria is a landmark in its own right.
253:The central octagonal space is topped with a glass
1069:
703:Built Heritage: Monitoring Conservation Management
624:
601:
574:
178:. It was designed in 1861 and built by architect
2067:
826:. Milano: Prem. Litog. e Tipog. degli ingegneri.
627:Architecture: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
357:
210:. The street is covered by an arching glass and
147:[ÉĄalleËriËavitËtÉËrjoemanuËÉËleseËkondo]
1521:Antique Furniture & Wooden Sculpture Museum
645:
442:The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II's first stone
389:, books and paintings, as well as restaurants,
776:Chizzolini & Poggi, Piazza del Duomo: 216.
1157:
728:L'architettura del ferro. L'Italia, 1796â1914
562:A Companion to Contemporary Design Since 1945
372:
250:(opened in 1890), and the Budapest Galleria.
559:
509:Vertical photo of Galleria Vittorio Emanuele
269:for many other shopping arcades and malls.
222:, which was the prototype for larger glazed
1039:
1164:
1150:
890:. Milano: Tip. L. maestri. pp. 33â35.
836:
418:Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II at Christmas
313:
1590:Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano
915:
885:
851:
700:
631:. Harmondsworth: Penguin books. pp.
622:
1693:Palazzo della Banca Commerciale Italiana
1189:History of architecture and art in Milan
992:
900:
361:
321:
189:
1072:Arcades: The History of a Building Type
1001:
821:
688:Arcades: The History of a Building Type
599:
520:
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1020:
964:Stoyanova, The Iron-Glass Roof: 82â84.
949:
905:. Milano: Itala ars. pp. 277â295.
725:
670:
454:The Galleria's triumphal arch entrance
1145:
839:Aspetti e problemi di storia edilizia
685:
145:
1573:Art collection of Fondazione Cariplo
1171:
973:
538:from the original on October 5, 2012
366:A view of the shops and coffeehouses
162:. Housed within a four-story double
976:"Milan: The Duomo and the Galleria"
560:Massey, Anne; Arnold, Dana (2019).
466:The Galleria from inside the arcade
13:
2111:Shopping malls established in 1877
1910:Giardini Pubblici Indro Montanelli
1578:Palazzo Anguissola Antona Traversi
1137:Great Buildings Online information
1061:
646:Chizzolini, G.; Poggi, F. (1885).
14:
2137:
2076:Buildings and structures in Milan
1428:S. Maurizio al Monastero Maggiore
1125:
705:. Milano: Springer. p. 259.
1218:
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490:
471:
459:
447:
435:
423:
411:
370:The Galleria is often nicknamed
124:
119:
114:
25:
967:
958:
954:. Roma: BetaGamma. p. 199.
943:
934:
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903:La galleria Vittorio Emanuele 2
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734:
719:
202:covering the street connecting
194:The building under construction
185:
16:Shopping arcade in Milan, Italy
841:. Milano: Electa. p. 245.
694:
679:
664:
639:
616:
593:
579:. Pavia: Selecta. p. 74.
568:
553:
482:at the exit of the gallery on
1:
1925:Orto Botanico di Cascina Rosa
1826:Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
1733:Palazzo delle Scuole Palatine
1541:Museum of Musical Instruments
730:. Roma: Bulzoni. p. 274.
514:
358:Shops, restaurants and hotels
333:Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert
276:of the three capitals of the
139:Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
20:Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
2126:1877 establishments in Italy
2116:Tourist attractions in Milan
1663:Casa di Riposo per Musicisti
998:Insight Guides (2004) p.220.
974:Crow, Melinda (2017-08-01).
7:
2096:Pedestrian streets in Italy
1108:
604:A History of Building Types
166:in the centre of town, the
10:
2142:
2027:Milan International (1906)
1753:Villa Belgiojoso Bonaparte
1423:S. Maria presso San Satiro
1378:S. Cristoforo sul Naviglio
1216:
876:Stoyanova, Promoting: 260.
575:Francesco Ogliari (2010).
404:
2106:Shopping centres in Italy
2101:Shopping arcades in Italy
2045:
1994:
1981:Stadio del Ghiaccio AgorĂ
1943:
1897:
1859:
1819:Squares and public spaces
1818:
1782:
1761:
1718:Palazzo dei Giureconsulti
1643:
1625:Contemporary Art Pavilion
1620:Museo Teatrale alla Scala
1491:
1461:
1418:S. Maria presso San Celso
1350:
1257:
1234:
1227:
1197:
1179:
1068:Geist, Johann F. (1982),
1046:âI Bar Storici Di Milanoâ
650:. Milano: Ulrico Hoepli.
623:Hitchcock, H.-R. (1977).
393:, bars, and a hotel, the
110:
100:
92:
84:
45:
37:
33:
24:
1568:Gallerie di Piazza Scala
1511:Bagatti Valsecchi Museum
577:Milano e la sua galleria
174:, the first king of the
2091:Italianate architecture
1877:Quadrilatero della moda
1800:Teatro degli Arcimboldi
1742:State Archives of Milan
1563:Galleria d'Arte Moderna
1526:Applied Arts Collection
1448:Oratorio di San Protaso
1373:S. Bernardino alle Ossa
1317:S. Maria della Passione
1247:Basilica di Santa Tecla
1090:Insight Guides (2004),
314:The iron-and-glass roof
182:between 1865 and 1877.
156:Galeria Vittori Emanuel
155:
1961:Hippodrome of San Siro
1920:Orto Botanico di Brera
1688:Palazzo dell'Arengario
1600:Museo del Risorgimento
1474:Garegnano Charterhouse
1205:Colonne di San Lorenzo
886:Gianforma, G. (1959).
794:Geist, Arcades: 97â99.
767:Geist, Arcades: 75, 77
532:Insight Guides website
373:
367:
327:
242:(opened in 1848), the
234:(opened in 1847), the
195:
1995:Events and traditions
1935:Villa Litta Modignani
1769:Biblioteca Ambrosiana
1748:Royal Palace of Milan
1728:Palazzo della Ragione
1531:Archaeological Museum
1493:Museums and galleries
1388:S. Giorgio al Palazzo
1302:S. Maria delle Grazie
1115:Arcade (architecture)
901:Rondello, A. (1967).
686:Geist, J. F. (1985).
564:. Wiley. p. 125.
365:
325:
226:, beginning with the
193:
111:Public transit access
2022:Milan Furniture Fair
1453:Rotonda della Besana
1433:S. Pietro in Gessate
1403:S. Maria del Carmine
1393:S. Giovanni in Conca
1337:S. Vincenzo in Prato
1307:Leonardo da Vinci's
1198:Archaeological sites
1094:, APA Publications,
1036:, Biffi in Galleria.
1017:, Luigiâs Mailorder.
888:Il salotto di Milano
600:Pevsner, N. (1976).
374:il salotto di Milano
228:Saint-Hubert Gallery
69:45.46556°N 9.19000°E
1986:Velodromo Vigorelli
1951:Allianz Cloud Arena
1887:Via Monte Napoleone
1774:Biblioteca di Brera
1713:Palazzo Castiglioni
1635:Triennale di Milano
1630:Pinacoteca di Brera
1615:Museo Poldi Pezzoli
1595:Museo del Novecento
1546:Museo d'Arte Antica
1408:S. Maria della Pace
1342:S. Vittore al Corpo
1332:S. Stefano Maggiore
726:Jodice, R. (1985).
395:Town House Galleria
65: /
21:
2121:Victor Emmanuel II
2017:Milan Fashion Week
1944:Sporting sceneries
1867:Corso Buenos Aires
1860:Streets and canals
1851:Piazza Gae Aulenti
1841:Piazza della Scala
1738:Palazzo del Senato
1723:Palazzo Mezzanotte
1698:Palazzo Belgioioso
1658:Casa degli Omenoni
1645:Villas and palaces
1516:Castello Sforzesco
1413:S Maria Incoronata
1322:S. Nazaro in Brolo
1210:Milan amphitheatre
1120:Galleria Umberto I
1051:2012-03-01 at the
1032:2010-01-05 at the
1013:2022-12-12 at the
1008:âGran Caffè Biffiâ
673:L'Edilizia Moderna
484:Piazza della Scala
368:
328:
244:Galleria Umberto I
208:Piazza della Scala
196:
172:Victor Emmanuel II
19:
2063:
2062:
1898:Gardens and parks
1708:Palazzo Carminati
1683:Palazzina Appiani
1501:Alfa Romeo Museum
1487:
1486:
1469:Chiaravalle Abbey
1275:S. Carlo al Corso
1055:, cookaround.com.
927:978-1-84564-968-5
863:978-0-9928751-2-1
712:978-3-319-08532-6
586:978-88-7332-282-5
528:"Milan: overview"
308:Teatro Alla Scala
216:Burlington Arcade
135:
134:
74:45.46556; 9.19000
2133:
2081:Culture in Milan
2055:Outline of Milan
2050:Tourism in Italy
1971:Mediolanum Forum
1836:Piazza del Duomo
1805:Teatro Dal Verme
1703:Palazzo Borromeo
1583:Palazzo Brentani
1363:S. Antonio Abate
1285:Portinari Chapel
1232:
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1184:History of Milan
1173:Tourism in Milan
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278:Kingdom of Italy
224:shopping arcades
204:Piazza del Duomo
180:Giuseppe Mengoni
176:Kingdom of Italy
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2037:Oh bej! Oh bej!
2032:Milan Triennial
1990:
1939:
1893:
1882:Via della Spiga
1855:
1846:Piazza Mercanti
1831:Piazza Cordusio
1814:
1778:
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1673:Casa Panigarola
1639:
1610:Museo Diocesano
1536:Egyptian Museum
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1228:Religious sites
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85:Opening date
41:Milan, Italy
1443:S. Sepolcro
1398:S. Gottardo
1358:Sant'Angelo
1309:Last Supper
1270:S. Calimero
1265:S. Ambrogio
785:Idem.: 217.
635:, 120, 146.
542:October 18,
72: /
47:Coordinates
2070:Categories
1551:Pinacoteca
1368:S. Barnaba
1292:S. Lorenzo
1027:âIl Biffiâ
985:2017-08-01
515:References
57:45°27â˛56âłN
2007:Expo 2015
1966:Idroscalo
1762:Libraries
1383:S. Fedele
1258:Basilicas
1235:Cathedral
755:0267-7768
749:(2): 61.
399:Borsalino
304:The Duomo
212:cast iron
101:Architect
60:9°11â˛24âłE
1976:San Siro
1790:La Scala
1783:Theatres
1351:Churches
1297:S. Marco
1109:See also
1049:Archived
1030:Archived
1011:Archived
536:archived
306:and the
286:Florence
267:galleria
259:Galleria
232:Brussels
168:Galleria
143:Italian:
38:Location
1872:Navigli
803:Ibidem.
405:Gallery
387:jewelry
236:Passazh
200:octagon
152:Lombard
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248:Naples
220:London
164:arcade
2086:Domes
2002:EICMA
1462:Other
391:cafĂŠs
294:Turin
282:Turin
160:Milan
130:Duomo
93:Owner
1096:ISBN
1078:ISBN
922:ISBN
858:ISBN
751:ISSN
707:ISBN
652:ISBN
581:ISBN
544:2012
290:Rome
288:and
255:dome
137:The
88:1877
610:265
346:of
246:in
238:in
230:in
218:in
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