136:
318:
327:: Glaucoma is a collection of diseases that damages the nerve in the eye / retina. The damage in the nerve has the possibility to cause blindness. You may not know you have a Glaucoma without an in-depth eye exam normally using the dilation method. There is no cure for a Glaucoma, but it may be treated if found early. It is unknown the cause of a Glaucoma, but those who may be at risk include:
29:
289:
In 1974, Boycott and Wassle created a scheme for the classification of
Ganglion Cells that was found to be in the cat retina. These cells, alpha, beta, delta and gamma are seen to be linked with the X,Y and W types of physiology. Boycott and Wassle confirmed the idea of Cajal's Ox and Dog retina idea
263:
staining of the vertebrae retina. Cajal was able to differentiate between different types of
Ganglion cell based on dendritic morphology, cell body and dendritic tree size, and number of sub layers in which they arborize/stratification layers. Through this study, he discovered that the ganglion cell
387:: Parkinson's Disease is a condition that originates in the Nervous System and affects parts controlled by the nervous system. This disease is progressive, meaning it progressively gets worse overtime. A slow loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells may be observed overtime. List of symptoms include:
369:(not sex-linked genes in humans chromosome pairs 1-22). This trait is present in anyone with the mutation in the autosome. The individual only needs one mutated gene to be affected. Symptoms of this condition include:
357:(the DNA located inside the chromosome) This is only obtainable through the mother. Some individuals are carriers and experience no symptoms. Symptoms of individuals who are affected by Leber's Neuropathy include:
275:
produced description of the Golgi-impregnated Cells that helped further classify types of
Ganglion Cells. This data helped scientists get a better understanding of the ganglion cells present in the
672:
361:
Beginning with: loss of vision or clouding in the one eye, normally takes a few weeks before traveling to the other eye. most times not painful
563:"The Retina, S. L. Polyak. 4to. Pp. X and 607, plus 100 plates on 56 leaves. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1941. Price $ 10.00"
720:
350:
373:
Vision loss - in both eyes at the same time. The time it takes to occur varies per person, but normally progresses slowly.
602:"Intracellular staining reveals different levels of stratification for on- and off-center ganglion cells in cat retina"
469:"Literature Review on the Distribution of Spiral Ganglion Cell Bodies inside the Human Cochlear Central Modiolar Trunk"
346:
111:
415:
Those who are at risk include genes (through family members), toxins from the environment, and the presence of
293:
In 1978, the idea of the alpha and beta ganglion cells could be divided into different subgroups, sublamina
744:
696:
202:
177:
244:
226:
437:
384:
342:
African
Americans over the age of 40 years old Individuals with a family history of Glaucoma's.
184:
353:
and
Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy. The Leber's Neuropathy is caused by a mutation in the
220:
601:
467:
Dhanasingh, Anandhan; Jolly, Claude N.; Rajan, Gunesh; van de
Heyning, Paul (April 2020).
8:
188:
647:
501:
468:
453:
349:: There are two different types of Hereditary Optic Neuroretinopathy, those including
629:
621:
582:
538:
506:
488:
354:
774:
613:
574:
496:
480:
449:
336:
305:
contains dendrite cells containing OFF-center receptive fields while the
Sublamina
378:
232:
198:
157:
49:
317:
272:
265:
252:
210:
165:
42:
530:
768:
625:
617:
586:
492:
248:
56:
562:
542:
529:
Kolb, Helga (1995), Kolb, Helga; Fernandez, Eduardo; Nelson, Ralph (eds.),
510:
243:
During the late 1800s, early 1900s, Spanish
Neuroscientist and Pathologist
214:
147:
578:
484:
633:
416:
206:
135:
34:
117:
260:
745:"Understanding Psychosis - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)"
405:
436:
Sernagor, Evelyne; Eglen, Stephen J; Wong, Rachel O.L (March 2001).
399:
366:
332:
324:
169:
143:
537:, Salt Lake City (UT): University of Utah Health Sciences Center,
466:
284:
52:, in which the dendrites quickly divides into numerous branches.
392:
280:
276:
264:
distribution amongst vertebrates were pretty similar minus the
256:
192:
173:
438:"Development of Retinal Ganglion Cell Structure and Function"
331:
Individuals over the age of 60 (most commonly those who are
535:
365:
Autosomal
Dominant Optic Atrophy is a mutated gene in the
28:
600:
Nelson, R.; Famiglietti, E. V.; Kolb, H. (1978-03-01).
312:
599:
648:"File:Acute Angle Closure-glaucoma.jpg - Knowledge"
381:, Image testing and a look through family history.
435:
391:Loss or lack of control in motor functions (i.e.
766:
377:These diseases can be examined by tests such as
473:The Journal of International Advanced Otology
251:which basically introduced the idea that the
531:"Morphology and Circuitry of Ganglion Cells"
721:"Parkinson's disease - Symptoms and causes"
27:
500:
316:
134:
180:). Examples of ganglion cells include:
767:
98:Varies but often excitatory projection
309:contains On-center receptive fields.
238:
560:
528:
524:
522:
520:
442:Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
313:Disorders Relating to Ganglion Cells
673:"Glaucoma | National Eye Institute"
351:Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
271:In the 1940s, American Neurologist
13:
398:Change in cognitive function(i.e.
14:
786:
517:
347:Hereditary optic neuroretinopathy
259:. The process he used was called
201:, where they are involved in the
112:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
737:
697:"Hereditary Optic Neuropathies"
128:
713:
689:
665:
640:
593:
554:
460:
429:
290:by naming the alpha and beta.
1:
701:Barrow Neurological Institute
454:10.1016/S1350-9462(00)00024-0
422:
408:(losing contact with reality)
7:
255:contained cells called the
16:Class of peripheral neurons
10:
791:
606:Journal of Neurophysiology
561:Arey, L. B. (1942-08-25).
203:sympathetic nervous system
106:Varies but often glutamate
197:Cells that reside in the
178:peripheral nervous system
110:
102:
94:
86:
78:
73:
26:
21:
618:10.1152/jn.1978.41.2.472
227:parasympathetic ganglia
321:
245:Santiago Ramón y Cajal
151:
652:commons.wikimedia.org
579:10.1002/ar.1090830412
567:The Anatomical Record
485:10.5152/iao.2020.7510
320:
185:Retinal ganglion cell
138:
402:,thoughts, and mood)
385:Parkinson's disease
221:sympathetic ganglia
189:ganglion cell layer
187:(RGC) found in the
322:
239:General Morphology
152:
355:Mitochondrial DNA
126:
125:
121:
33:Various forms of
782:
759:
758:
756:
755:
741:
735:
734:
732:
731:
717:
711:
710:
708:
707:
693:
687:
686:
684:
683:
669:
663:
662:
660:
659:
644:
638:
637:
597:
591:
590:
558:
552:
551:
550:
549:
526:
515:
514:
504:
464:
458:
457:
433:
268:in the retinas.
118:edit on Wikidata
115:
103:Neurotransmitter
31:
19:
18:
790:
789:
785:
784:
783:
781:
780:
779:
765:
764:
763:
762:
753:
751:
743:
742:
738:
729:
727:
719:
718:
714:
705:
703:
695:
694:
690:
681:
679:
671:
670:
666:
657:
655:
646:
645:
641:
598:
594:
559:
555:
547:
545:
527:
518:
465:
461:
434:
430:
425:
315:
241:
199:adrenal medulla
158:neurophysiology
154:
153:
131:
122:
69:
68:
50:multipolar cell
17:
12:
11:
5:
788:
778:
777:
761:
760:
736:
712:
688:
664:
639:
612:(2): 472–483.
592:
573:(4): 597–601.
553:
516:
479:(1): 104–110.
459:
448:(2): 139–174.
427:
426:
424:
421:
413:
412:
409:
403:
396:
375:
374:
363:
362:
344:
343:
340:
314:
311:
297:and sublamina
273:Stephen Polyak
266:Rods and cones
253:Nervous system
240:
237:
236:
235:
233:spiral ganglia
229:
223:
217:
211:norepinephrine
205:'s release of
195:
172:(a cluster of
140:Ganglion cells
133:
132:
130:
127:
124:
123:
114:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
82:Varies by type
80:
76:
75:
71:
70:
67:
66:
64:Ganglion cells
60:
53:
46:
43:Pyramidal cell
38:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
787:
776:
773:
772:
770:
750:
746:
740:
726:
722:
716:
702:
698:
692:
678:
674:
668:
653:
649:
643:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
596:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
557:
544:
540:
536:
532:
525:
523:
521:
512:
508:
503:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
463:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
432:
428:
420:
418:
410:
407:
404:
401:
397:
394:
390:
389:
388:
386:
382:
380:
372:
371:
370:
368:
360:
359:
358:
356:
352:
348:
341:
338:
334:
330:
329:
328:
326:
319:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
287:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:Neuron theory
246:
234:
231:Cells of the
230:
228:
225:Cells of the
224:
222:
219:Cells of the
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
194:
190:
186:
183:
182:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
162:ganglion cell
159:
149:
148:H&E stain
145:
141:
137:
119:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
65:
61:
58:
57:fusiform cell
54:
51:
47:
44:
40:
39:
36:
30:
25:
22:Ganglion cell
20:
752:. Retrieved
749:nimh.nih.gov
748:
739:
728:. Retrieved
724:
715:
704:. Retrieved
700:
691:
680:. Retrieved
676:
667:
656:. Retrieved
654:. 2011-08-15
651:
642:
609:
605:
595:
570:
566:
556:
546:, retrieved
534:
476:
472:
462:
445:
441:
431:
414:
383:
376:
364:
345:
323:
306:
302:
301:. Sublamina
298:
294:
292:
288:
270:
242:
215:blood stream
161:
155:
139:
129:Introduction
63:
725:Mayo Clinic
677:nei.nih.gov
417:Lewy bodies
207:epinephrine
168:found in a
35:nerve cells
754:2024-04-22
730:2024-04-22
706:2024-04-22
682:2024-04-22
658:2024-04-22
548:2024-04-22
423:References
626:0022-3077
587:0003-276X
493:1308-7649
411:and more.
406:Psychosis
379:Eye exams
367:autosomes
247:proposed
213:into the
142:within a
62:D and E.
55:C. Small
48:B. Small
769:Category
543:21413393
511:32209520
400:Behavior
333:Hispanic
325:Glaucoma
285:Primates
170:ganglion
144:ganglion
95:Function
79:Location
775:Neurons
502:7224428
393:Tremors
281:Mammals
277:retinas
191:of the
176:in the
174:neurons
74:Details
634:650277
632:
624:
585:
541:
509:
499:
491:
337:Latino
257:Neuron
193:retina
90:Varies
261:Golgi
164:is a
116:[
87:Shape
630:PMID
622:ISSN
583:ISSN
539:PMID
507:PMID
489:ISSN
283:and
209:and
166:cell
160:, a
614:doi
575:doi
497:PMC
481:doi
450:doi
335:or
279:of
156:In
41:A.
771::
747:.
723:.
699:.
675:.
650:.
628:.
620:.
610:41
608:.
604:.
581:.
571:83
569:.
565:.
533:,
519:^
505:.
495:.
487:.
477:16
475:.
471:.
446:20
444:.
440:.
419:.
146:.
37:.
757:.
733:.
709:.
685:.
661:.
636:.
616::
589:.
577::
513:.
483::
456:.
452::
395:)
339:)
307:b
303:a
299:b
295:a
150:.
120:]
59:.
45:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
