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The study aims to inform stakeholders and devise an adaptation strategy within the local master plan of water management and development (SDAGE), considering the impact of the predicted demographic shifts. Central to the "Garonne 2050" study is its examination of the
Garonne River basin's agricultural sector. Detailed insights into changes in irrigated agricultural areas, crop rotation, and farm numbers are essential for informing effective water management strategies. Notably, the allocation of water volume to agriculture highlights a delicate balance between sustaining local economic activities and the necessity for agricultural adaptation amid decreasing water availability.
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969:) in the Artiga de Lin on the other side of the mountain. From Aigualluts to the confluence with the main river at the bed of the upper Garonne valley at 800 metres (2,600 ft) above sea level, the Joèu has run for 12.4 kilometres (7.7 mi) (16 kilometres more to get to the French border), carrying 2.16 cubic metres per second (76 cu ft/s) of water, whilst the main river is carrying 17.7 cubic metres per second (630 cu ft/s).
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1120:. This species of sturgeon can reach a length of 6 m (20 ft), weigh up to 400 kg (880 lb) and reach an age of 100 years. Previously found on most coasts of Europe, it has now become so rare that it breeds only in the Garonne river basin in France. Conservation projects are under way to save this fish from
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The "Garonne 2050" project, initiated by the Adour-Garonne water agency in 2010, aims to address the future challenges facing the
Garonne River basin regarding its water resources. With an anticipated surge of an additional 1 million inhabitants by 2050, the basin confronts a demographic challenge.
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The earliest records of floods are from around 1177. It is also recorded to have flooded in 1220, 1258, 1430, 1523, 1536 and in 1589, 1608, 1658, 1673, 1675, 1709, 1712, 1727, 1750, 1772, 1788, 1804 and 1810. In 1772, the
Garonne reached 8 meters 50. In the recent centuries, in 1827, 1835, 1855 and
999:
The Ratera-Saboredo cirque is the "most distant point (along watercourses from the river mouth) in the drainage basin from which water runs" and the source of the
Garonne, according to the United States Geological Survey, the National Geographic Society and the Smithsonian Institution convention on
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The Ratera-Saboredo cirque is the head of the upper
Garonne valley, and its upper lake at 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) above sea level is the origin of the Ruda-Garona river, running for 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) to the confluence with the Beret-Garona brook and another 38 kilometres (24 mi)
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1875:
prouvant péremptoirement que la
Garonne a sa vrai source et la plus importante dans les Monts Maudits, sur le versant Sud des Pyrénées ('proving conclusively that the Garonne has its true source, and the most important, in the Monts Maudits, on the southern slopes of the
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871:, 54 kilometres (34 mi) in total. At the confluence, the Ruda-Garona carries 2.6 cubic metres per second (92 cu ft/s) of water. The Ratera-Saboredo cirque is considered by many researchers to be the origin of the Garonne.
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In 1777, the
Garonne suffered an extraordinary flood to the point that the priest of Bourdelles took the trouble to retranscribe the event, at the end of the acts of the year, in the parish register of baptisms, marriages and deaths.
71:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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and the right bank close to
Lastrene township. A striking feature of the field data sets was the large and rapid fluctuations in turbulent velocities and turbulent stresses during the tidal bore and flood flow.
1469:
1075:, although the tidal bore appears and disappears in response to changes in the channel bathymetry. In 2010 and 2012, some detailed field studies were conducted in the Garonne's Arcins channel between
1623:
A New
Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography, partly based upon the Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology by William Smith [...]
1990:
2431:
Les drames de l'inondation à Toulouse / Théophile Astrié Éditeur : Éditeur : Librairie centrale (Toulouse) Date d'édition : 1875 gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5778575j
1404:, where the Canal de Garonne joins the river. Prior to the building of the Canal lateral à la Garonne, between 1838 and 1856, shallow-draught boats used the Garonne itself as far as
2550:
2198:; Reungoat, David; Simon, Bruno; Lubin, Pierre (December 2011). "High-frequency turbulence and suspended sediment concentration measurements in the Garonne River tidal bore".
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of the Tuca Blanca de Pomèro and a resurgence in the Val dera Artiga above the Aran Valley in the
Spanish Pyrenees. This underground route was suggested by the geologist
57:
2049:
1758:
Faura i Sans (M.); Sobre hidrología subterránea en los Pirineos Centrales de Aragón y Cataluña. Bol. de la Real Soc. de Hist. Nat, vom. XVI, pgs. 353-354. Madrid, 1916.
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The upstream part of the river, upstream from Toulouse depends primarily on snow and snow melt. The lower/downstream part is rain fed as well as its main tributaries.
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Crete of 1927 in Aquitaine, particularly imposing after the confluence of the Garonne with the Lot (of which it remained raw reference), insignificant upstream18.
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The Garonne plays an important role in inland shipping. The river not only allows seagoing vessels to reach the port of Bordeaux but also forms part of the
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between the river and the sea. Its basin area is 56,000 km (22,000 sq mi), which increases to 84,811 km (32,746 sq mi) if the
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2445:"Analysis n°68 - april 2014 The future of water resource availability in France: how is the agricultural sector taken into account in foresight studies?"
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In 1835, the Garonne rose to five meters above normal and 35 meters above the low water level and flowed through the four arcs of the Pont de Pierre.
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1716:
1052:, forming the Gironde estuary, which after approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) empties into the Atlantic Ocean. Other tributaries include the
74:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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2153:. Proc. 34th IAHR World Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 June – 1 July, Engineers Australia Publication, Eric Valentine, Colin Apelt, James Ball,
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1942:
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The third theory holds that the river rises on the slopes of Pic Aneto at 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) above sea level and flows by way of a
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1986:
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Salvador Rivas-Martínez (member of the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences); Manuel Costa (Professor of the Universitat de Valencia) (1998).
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up to the mouth of the Garonne (to the right of the Dordogne when sailing upstream). Ships continue on the tidal river Garonne up to the
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2105:. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH79/10, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 97 pages.
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In Toulouse, in 1827, the water level of the Garonne rose four meters above the ordinary level and filled the arches of the
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the Garonne turns westward (out of sight), and after 12 kilometres (7 mi) receives water from the Joèu (Pic Aneto).
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2157:, Ron Cox, Rob Ettema, George Kuczera, Martin Lambert, Bruce Melville and Jane Sargison Editors. pp. 1141–1148.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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1408:. However, navigation on the upper river was very uncertain, and this stretch of the river is no longer considered
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150º Panorama of the Aran Valley from the Beret Plateau, showing the Ruda-Garona and Beret-Garona confluence. In
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2472:"Coevolution of Hydrological Cycle Components under Climate Change: The Case of the Garonne River in France"
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In Toulouse, the Garonne has been the cause of many floods, especially since its left bank is inhabited.
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agree that a stream's source should be considered as the most distant point (along watercourses from the
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assigns to the Garonne a hydrographic identity number 0 --- 00000 and the generic code O --- 000014,15.
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56,000 km (22,000 sq mi), or including Dordogne: 84,811 km (32,746 sq mi)
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has been traditionally considered as the source of the Garonne. From this point a brook (called the
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Grusson, Youen; Anctil, François; Sauvage, Sabine; Sánchez Pérez, José Miguel (December 2018).
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dye into the flow and noted its emergence a few hours later 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) away at
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Turbulence and Sediment Processes in the Tidal Bore of the Garonne River: First Observations
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Flood of the Garonne in 1875: 9,70 m to Toulouse Pont-Neuf (or 8m32 according to vigicrue).
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Soler i Santaló; La Vall d'Aran. Guía monográfica de la comarca; pág. 12. Barcelona, 1916.
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name meaning "stony river" ("kar" relating to "stone" and "-ona" relating to "river").
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1848:(Map) (1st ed.). Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya. § 1: Pirineu occidental.
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1108:(Acipenser sturio), also known as the Atlantic sturgeon or common sturgeon, is now a
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Salvador, 1935-Rivas-Martínez; Manuel (Costa Talens), 1938-Costa (11 January 1998).
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2013:"Quest for the Missouri River Source, John LaRandeau, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers"
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detailed information on places, ports and moorings on the canal, by the author of
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A new classical dictionary of Greek and Roman biography, mythology, and geography
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Despite the lack of universal agreement on definition for determining a stream's
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Field Measurements in the Tidal Bore of the Garonne River at Arcins (June 2012)
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The Main Lake of Saboredo and Pic de Saboredo, the head of the Garonne valley
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Turbulence Measurements in the Garonne River Tidal Bore: First Observations
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The water from Barrancs and Escaleta ravines disappears into the ground at
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History and real-time water heights of Garonne river and main tributaries
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Gesner, J.; Williot, P.; Rochard, E.; Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2010).
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The Garonne follows the Aran Valley northwards into France, flowing via
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Seagoing vessels may navigate as far inland as Bordeaux on the Garonne.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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1863:(in French). Toulouse: Presses Universitaires du Mirail. p. 351.
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The Garonne is one of the few rivers in the world that exhibit a
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1400:(stone bridge) in Bordeaux. Inland vessels continue upstream to
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853:) runs for 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the bed of the main
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of the Garonne in 1930 broke the dike in Thivras (Marmande).
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Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Souveraineté alimentaire
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From Sea to Sea: An Illustrated History of the Canal du Midi
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s - Géoportail, le portail des territoires et des citoyens.
1859:
Lambert, Roger (1996). "A propos de la Garonne Supérieure".
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1679:, Syndicat Mixte d'Études & d'Aménagement de la Garonne
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Flood of the Garonne in 2004: 3,52 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 2000: 4.38 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1977: 4,31 m in Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1952: 4,57 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1905: 4.24 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1900: 4,00 m in Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1890: 3.30 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1879: 4,87 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1855: 7.25 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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Flood of the Garonne in 1835: 7,50 m at Toulouse Pont-Neuf
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2433:. Librairie centrale (Toulouse): Arnaud et Labat (Paris).
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2048:. Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España. Archived from
1446:– with the water intake in Toulouse by the Brienne canal.
1439:– Saint-Martory water intake takes 10 m/s from the river;
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506:
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1987:"IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística"
1729:"Datos sobre la vegetación y bioclima del Valle de Arán"
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Following the flow of the river, from source to mouth:
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in 1787 but there was no confirmation until 1931, when
2046:"Visor cartográfico del Instituto Geográfico Nacional"
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Instituto Geográfico Nacional; Ministerio de FOmento.
1083:
633:, which flows from the east and joins the Garonne at
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500:
1805:. Milnthorpe, England: Cicerone Press. p. 208.
1132:, with the first releases having been made in 1995.
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64:
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1943:"National Geographic News @ nationalgeographic.com"
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1416:to the town of Toulouse, where the canal meets the
1412:. Instead the lateral canal takes boats through 53
651:in 732 beside the river near present-day Bordeaux.
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60:
a machine-translated version of the French article.
2525:Navigation details for 80 French rivers and canals
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2136:
2382:. Grenoble, France: Euromapping. pp. 19–40.
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2099:, Lubin, P., Simon, B., and Reungoat, D. (2010).
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2086:
1752:
1431:The Garonne also feeds several channels/canals:
729:The Garonne's headwaters are to be found in the
2133:
1687:
1685:
1770:"Boletín del Centro Excursionista de Cataluña"
89:accompanying your translation by providing an
51:Click for important translation instructions.
38:expand this article with text translated from
2551:
1044:. Just after Bordeaux, the Garonne meets the
2333:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-1.RLTS.T230A13040963.en
2177:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2125:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1907:
1712:
1710:
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4424:Rivers of Occitania (administrative region)
1786:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1661:"Fiche cours d'eau - La Garonne (O---0000)"
863:, 40.5 kilometres (25.2 mi) in total.
592:
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1953:
637:to form the Gironde estuary, is included.
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2288:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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1961:"The True Utmost Reaches of the Missouri"
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1392:From the ocean, ships pass through the
442:650 m/s (23,000 cu ft/s)
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2428:
1993:from the original on 28 September 2008
1846:Mapa topogràfic de Catalunya 1:100 000
845:at 1,862 metres (6,109 ft) above
2539:
1915:"Largest Rivers in the United States"
1612:
1586:
578:
545:
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2368:
2296:
2201:Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
2143:Simon, B., Lubin, P., Reungoat, D.,
1667:
1594:. London: John Murray. p. 492.
20:
2319:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1222:
13:
1655:
1479:Flood of January 2022 in Toulouse.
1084:European sea sturgeon conservation
154:Map of the Garonne River watershed
14:
4440:
2527:(French waterways website section
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1803:Walks and Climbs in the Pyrenees
1553:Future Water Resource Management
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25:
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2073:"IGN France Cartes Topographie"
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2005:
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1935:
1922:United States Geological Survey
1881:
1852:
1838:
1819:
1794:
1761:
1677:Le bassin versant de la Garonne
1000:determining a stream's source.
978:United States Geological Survey
4429:International rivers of Europe
1743:
1720:
1649:
1606:
1580:
1423:
772:), the Ratera-Saboredo cirque
352: • coordinates
257: • coordinates
99:You may also add the template
1:
2404:"Garonne Irrigation channels"
1573:
1364:
1110:Critically Endangered species
1024:. The Gironde flows into the
220:Physical characteristics
4419:Rivers of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
1861:Géographie du cycle de l'eau
1834:(trans). London: J. M. Dent.
807:(Salterillo-Barrancs ravine
674:
654:
609:. It flows from the central
400: • elevation
309:2,600 m (8,500 ft)
305: • elevation
7:
2515:Garonne and Gironde estuary
1774:Acta Botanica Barcinonensia
1561:
982:National Geographic Society
649:Battle of the River Garonne
335: • location
240: • location
10:
4445:
2519:Inland Waterways of France
2429:Astrié, Théophile (1875).
2232:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.09.012
1826:Casteret, Norbert (1939).
1444:canal latéral à la Garonne
838:according to the season).
679:
438: • average
63:Machine translation, like
4414:Rivers of Tarn-et-Garonne
4332:
4312:
4212:
4149:
4121:
4112:
3970:
3887:
3824:
3716:
3573:
3150:
3012:
3003:
2943:
2775:
2597:
2588:
1828:Ten Years Under the Earth
1456:
1003:
469:
455:
450:
446:
436:
428:
424:
416:
412:529 km (329 mi)
408:
398:
350:
333:
317:
313:
303:
255:
238:
228:
224:
219:
198:
184:
179:
159:
147:
132:
127:
101:{{Translated|fr|Garonne}}
40:the corresponding article
4409:Rivers of Lot-et-Garonne
2350:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
1568:List of rivers of Europe
867:to the French border at
722:Banks of the Garonne in
601:that flows in southwest
4404:Rivers of Haute-Garonne
2364:. October 2005 version.
996:from which water runs.
986:Smithsonian Institution
110:For more guidance, see
2249:, Caplain, B. (2012).
1801:Reynolds, Kev (2001).
1616:(1862). "GARUMNA". In
1389:
1143:
1126:species reintroduction
1101:
921:Ramond de Carbonnières
791:42.607295°N 0.965424°E
760:42.709494°N 0.945398°E
726:
715:
701:
693:
659:The name derives from
617:at the French port of
593:
588:
576:Occitan pronunciation:
571:
280:42.607295°N 0.965424°E
164:
1387:
1147:Towns along the river
1138:
1106:European sea sturgeon
1094:European sea sturgeon
1091:
1020:, where it meets the
721:
707:
699:
687:
112:Knowledge:Translation
83:copyright attribution
3653:Jalle de Blanquefort
1358:Jalle de Blanquefort
855:upper Garonne valley
803:), or the slopes of
404:0 m (0 ft)
375:45.04139°N 0.60667°W
4379:Rivers of Catalonia
2326:: e.T230A13040963.
2214:2011ECSS...95..298C
1895:on 17 November 2010
1437:Saint-Martory canal
1371:Canal des Deux Mers
957:42.68092°N 0.7077°E
953: /
899: /
881:Forau de Aigualluts
822: /
796:42.607295; 0.965424
787: /
765:42.709494; 0.945398
756: /
711:Forau de Aigualluts
451:Basin features
370: /
285:42.607295; 0.965424
275: /
2410:on 4 December 2008
2052:on 5 December 2013
1967:on 18 January 2012
1733:Acta Bot. Barcinon
1390:
1144:
1102:
903:42.6666°N 0.6669°E
826:42.6498°N 0.6683°E
741:at Plan de Beret (
727:
716:
702:
694:
647:forces fought the
380:45.04139; -0.60667
344:Nouvelle-Aquitaine
91:interlanguage link
4399:Rivers of Gironde
4366:
4365:
4345:France portal
4328:
4327:
4108:
4107:
3902:Adour de Lesponne
3042:Aubette de Meulan
2999:
2998:
2590:Mediterranean Sea
2489:10.3390/w10121870
2389:978-2-910185-02-2
2164:978-0-85825-868-6
2112:978-1-74272-010-4
1949:on 13 April 2001.
1870:978-2-85816-273-4
1812:978-1-85284-328-1
1703:on 14 March 2012.
1474:
1402:Castets-en-Dorthe
1375:Mediterranean Sea
580:[ɡaˈɾunɔ]
473:
472:
340:Bayon-sur-Gironde
123:
122:
52:
48:
4436:
4389:Rivers of France
4354:
4353:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4119:
4118:
3010:
3009:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2582:
2574:Rivers of France
2572:
2571:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2537:
2536:
2502:
2501:
2491:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2406:. Archived from
2400:
2394:
2393:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2354:Acipenser sturio
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2312:Acipenser sturio
2305:
2294:
2293:
2286:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2266:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2208:(2–3): 298–306.
2192:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2168:
2140:
2131:
2130:
2124:
2116:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2024:
2018:. Archived from
2017:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1963:. Archived from
1957:
1951:
1950:
1945:. Archived from
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1919:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1891:. Archived from
1885:
1879:
1878:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1785:
1777:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1724:
1718:
1714:
1705:
1704:
1699:. Archived from
1689:
1680:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1633:
1631:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1584:
1476:
1475:
1223:Main tributaries
1119:
1098:Acipenser sturio
968:
967:
965:
964:
963:
962:42.68092; 0.7077
958:
954:
951:
950:
949:
946:
928:Norbert Casteret
914:
913:
911:
910:
909:
904:
900:
897:
896:
895:
892:
843:Uelh deth Garona
837:
836:
834:
833:
832:
827:
823:
820:
819:
818:
815:
802:
801:
799:
798:
797:
792:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
771:
770:
768:
767:
766:
761:
757:
754:
753:
752:
749:
739:Uelh deth Garona
611:Spanish Pyrenees
596:
582:
577:
557:
556:
555:
549:
544:
538:
534:
528:
527:
524:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
503:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
439:
394:
393:
391:
390:
389:
387:
382:
381:
376:
371:
368:
367:
366:
363:
306:
299:
298:
296:
295:
294:
292:
287:
286:
281:
276:
273:
272:
271:
268:
258:
241:
175:
167:
152:
137:
125:
124:
102:
96:
69:Google Translate
50:
46:
29:
28:
21:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4384:Rivers of Spain
4369:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4339:
4337:
4324:
4308:
4294:Torrent d'Esnes
4208:
4145:
4104:
4080:Sèvre Niortaise
3966:
3883:
3820:
3712:
3569:
3395:Lignon du Velay
3390:Lignon du Forez
3146:
2995:
2939:
2771:
2584:
2577:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2468:
2464:
2454:
2452:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2427:
2423:
2413:
2411:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2390:
2373:
2369:
2345:
2341:
2306:
2297:
2287:
2278:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2243:
2239:
2223:10.1.1.692.2537
2196:Chanson, Hubert
2193:
2186:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2141:
2134:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2094:
2087:
2077:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1871:
1857:
1853:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1832:Mussey, Barrows
1824:
1820:
1813:
1799:
1795:
1779:
1778:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1708:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1675:
1668:
1654:
1650:
1629:
1627:
1618:Anthon, Charles
1611:
1607:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1564:
1555:
1480:
1477:
1464:
1459:
1426:
1394:Gironde estuary
1367:
1362:
1225:
1183:Tarn-et-Garonne
1149:
1139:The Garonne at
1086:
1022:Gironde estuary
1006:
961:
959:
955:
952:
947:
944:
942:
940:
939:
938:("Jove's eyes"
936:Uelhs deth Joèu
908:42.6666; 0.6669
907:
905:
901:
898:
893:
890:
888:
886:
885:
831:42.6498; 0.6683
830:
828:
824:
821:
816:
813:
811:
809:
808:
795:
793:
789:
786:
781:
778:
776:
774:
773:
764:
762:
758:
755:
750:
747:
745:
743:
742:
733:in the Spanish
682:
677:
667:version of the
657:
627:Gironde estuary
615:Gironde estuary
575:
551:
550:
547:[ɡaʁɔn]
542:
536:
532:
505:
484:
480:
460:Gironde estuary
437:
401:
386:Gironde-Garonne
385:
383:
379:
377:
373:
372:
369:
364:
361:
359:
357:
356:
353:
336:
324:Gironde estuary
304:
290:
288:
284:
282:
278:
277:
274:
269:
266:
264:
262:
261:
256:
239:
215:
169:
155:
143:
139:The Garonne at
119:
118:
117:
100:
94:
53:
30:
26:
17:
16:River in France
12:
11:
5:
4442:
4432:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4348:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4218:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4125:
4116:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3897:Adour de Gripp
3893:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3722:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3490:Sèvre Nantaise
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3007:
3005:Atlantic Ocean
3001:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2580:drainage basin
2563:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2510:
2509:External links
2507:
2504:
2503:
2462:
2436:
2421:
2395:
2388:
2376:Rolt, L. T. C.
2367:
2348:Froese, Rainer
2339:
2295:
2279:|journal=
2261:
2245:Reungoat, D.,
2237:
2184:
2163:
2155:Hubert Chanson
2132:
2111:
2085:
2063:
2036:
2025:on 2 June 2013
2004:
1978:
1952:
1934:
1906:
1880:
1869:
1851:
1837:
1818:
1811:
1793:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1719:
1706:
1681:
1666:
1648:
1614:Smith, William
1605:
1588:Smith, William
1578:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1500:Pont de Pierre
1482:
1481:
1478:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1448:
1447:
1440:
1425:
1422:
1398:Pont de Pierre
1379:Atlantic Ocean
1373:, linking the
1366:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1206:
1192:Lot-et-Garonne
1189:
1187:Castelsarrasin
1180:
1163:
1148:
1145:
1085:
1082:
1026:Atlantic Ocean
1005:
1002:
994:drainage basin
915:) through the
681:
678:
676:
673:
656:
653:
631:Dordogne River
471:
470:
467:
466:
464:Atlantic Ocean
457:
453:
452:
448:
447:
444:
443:
440:
434:
433:
430:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
414:
413:
410:
406:
405:
402:
399:
396:
395:
354:
351:
348:
347:
337:
334:
331:
330:
328:Atlantic Ocean
321:
315:
314:
311:
310:
307:
301:
300:
291:source Garonne
259:
253:
252:
242:
236:
235:
230:
226:
225:
222:
221:
217:
216:
214:
213:
208:
202:
200:
196:
195:
186:
182:
181:
177:
176:
161:
157:
156:
153:
145:
144:
138:
130:
129:
121:
120:
116:
115:
108:
97:
75:
72:
61:
54:
35:
34:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4441:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4394:Garonne basin
4392:
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3455:Petite Creuse
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2014:
2008:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1966:
1962:
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1698:
1697:oph.chebro.es
1694:
1688:
1686:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1636:GARUMNA (now
1625:
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1619:
1615:
1609:
1601:
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1418:Canal du Midi
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1399:
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1170:Saint-Gaudens
1167:
1166:Haute-Garonne
1164:
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1158:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1113:(IUCN) status
1111:
1107:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1081:
1078:
1077:Arcins Island
1074:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1030:Bay of Biscay
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1001:
997:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
970:
966:
937:
933:
929:
926:
922:
918:
912:
883:
882:
878:known as the
877:
872:
870:
864:
862:
861:
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852:
848:
844:
839:
835:
806:
800:
769:
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672:
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666:
662:
652:
650:
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642:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:and northern
604:
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586:
581:
573:
569:
565:
561:
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548:
540:
539:
526:
478:
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397:
392:
355:
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316:
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308:
302:
297:
260:
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243:
237:
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231:
227:
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212:
209:
207:
204:
203:
201:
197:
194:
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187:
183:
178:
173:
166:
162:
158:
151:
146:
142:
136:
131:
126:
113:
109:
106:
98:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
62:
59:
56:
55:
49:
43:
41:
36:You can help
32:
23:
22:
19:
4355:
4336:
3574:
3047:Austreberthe
2518:
2482:(12): 1870.
2479:
2475:
2465:
2453:. Retrieved
2448:
2439:
2430:
2424:
2412:. Retrieved
2408:the original
2398:
2379:
2370:
2359:
2353:
2342:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2251:
2240:
2205:
2199:
2149:
2101:
2076:. Retrieved
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2050:the original
2039:
2027:. Retrieved
2020:the original
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1981:
1969:. Retrieved
1965:the original
1955:
1947:the original
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1893:the original
1883:
1874:
1860:
1854:
1845:
1840:
1827:
1821:
1802:
1796:
1782:cite journal
1773:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1732:
1722:
1701:the original
1696:
1651:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1628:. Retrieved
1622:
1608:
1591:
1582:
1556:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1449:
1430:
1427:
1397:
1391:
1368:
1226:
1112:
1103:
1097:
1062:
1007:
998:
971:
935:
879:
873:
869:Pont del Rei
868:
865:
858:
851:Beret-Garona
850:
842:
840:
738:
728:
709:
660:
658:
639:
476:
474:
87:edit summary
78:
45:
37:
18:
3937:Gave de Pau
3613:Barguelonne
3295:Chapeauroux
3132:Vaucouleurs
2890:Purcaraccia
2810:Buccatoggio
2451:(in French)
2247:Chanson, H.
2145:Chanson, H.
2097:Chanson, H.
2078:10 November
2056:10 November
1997:24 December
1630:14 December
1424:Hydrography
1303:Barguelonne
1153:Aran Valley
1130:aquaculture
1050:Bec d'Ambès
990:river mouth
960: /
932:fluorescein
906: /
860:Pont de Rei
829: /
794: /
763: /
731:Aran Valley
635:Bec d'Ambès
456:Progression
378: /
283: /
160:Native name
47:(July 2014)
4373:Categories
4252:Hirondelle
3811:Triouzoune
2815:Butturacci
2029:11 January
1971:11 January
1927:24 October
1899:11 January
1889:"VisorIGN"
1876:Pyrenees')
1776:: 473–499.
1739:: 473–499.
1574:References
1365:Navigation
1122:extinction
1065:tidal bore
1040:, and the
945:42°40′51″N
891:42°40′00″N
814:42°38′59″N
779:42°36′26″N
748:42°42′34″N
669:Aquitanian
645:Aquitanian
623:Val d'Aran
417:Basin size
384: (
289: (
267:42°36′26″N
4114:North Sea
3912:Ardanabia
3849:Bonnieure
3801:Sourdoire
3648:Hers-Mort
3275:Bourbince
2920:Tavignano
2915:Tartagine
2905:Solenzara
2895:Restonica
2875:Ostriconi
2850:Figarella
2752:Valserine
2722:Navizence
2498:2073-4441
2414:13 August
2281:ignored (
2271:cite book
2218:CiteSeerX
2173:cite book
2121:cite book
1600:223027795
1504:Pont Neuf
1410:navigable
1278:Hers-Mort
1204:Aiguillon
1155:(Spain):
992:) in the
948:0°42′28″E
917:limestone
894:0°40′01″E
847:sea level
817:0°40′06″E
805:Pic Aneto
782:0°57′56″E
751:0°56′43″E
675:Geography
665:Latinized
655:Etymology
429:Discharge
365:0°36′24″W
362:45°2′29″N
270:0°57′56″E
249:Catalonia
185:Countries
105:talk page
42:in French
4357:Category
4299:Trouille
4279:Rhonelle
4237:Écaillon
4227:Crinchon
4194:Sormonne
4184:Saônelle
4043:Falleron
4018:Couesnon
3998:Bidassoa
3978:Arguenon
3859:Bramerit
3854:Boutonne
3826:Charente
3751:Chavanon
3718:Dordogne
3633:Gat mort
3515:Thouaret
3485:Senouire
3465:Salleron
3365:Gartempe
3270:Boulogne
3210:Argenton
3165:Acheneau
3067:Commerce
2885:Prunelli
2855:Fiumorbo
2840:Cruzzini
2835:Chiuvone
2825:Casaluna
2707:Hermance
2617:Allondon
2378:(1973).
2361:FishBase
2147:(2011).
1991:Archived
1642:Bordeaux
1590:(1850).
1562:See also
1495:1856/7.
1406:Toulouse
1377:and the
1348:Gat mort
1217:Bordeaux
1200:Marmande
1178:Toulouse
1141:Toulouse
1073:Cadillac
1056:and the
1046:Dordogne
1018:Bordeaux
1016:towards
1010:Toulouse
984:and the
876:sinkhole
735:Pyrenees
724:Toulouse
619:Bordeaux
346:, France
245:Alt Àneu
233:Pyrenees
211:Bordeaux
206:Toulouse
180:Location
141:Bordeaux
81:provide
4262:Honelle
4257:Hogneau
4232:Eauette
4222:Aunelle
4141:Moselle
4095:Vilaine
4090:Touques
3957:Midouze
3922:Bidouze
3839:Arnoult
3834:Antenne
3786:Maronne
3776:Lidoire
3766:Doustre
3736:Caudeau
3575:Garonne
3555:Voueize
3530:Vauvise
3505:Taurion
3475:Sauldre
3435:Ondaine
3420:Mayenne
3380:Indrois
3315:Clouère
3290:Briance
3260:Blanche
3250:Beuvron
3245:Benaize
3240:Authion
3225:Arconce
3185:Alagnon
3102:Mauldre
3087:Lézarde
3077:Essonne
3037:Aubette
3027:Andelle
2971:Hérault
2935:Vecchio
2925:Tignese
2870:Liamone
2865:Gravona
2820:Canella
2805:Bravone
2777:Corsica
2762:Versoix
2682:Galaure
2672:Eyrieux
2667:Durance
2637:Bourbre
2632:Aubonne
2622:Ardèche
2521:, Imray
2210:Bibcode
1638:Garonne
1620:(ed.).
1209:Gironde
1161:Bossòst
1048:at the
930:poured
680:Sources
661:Garumna
641:Umayyad
613:to the
597:) is a
594:Garunna
589:Garumna
568:Occitan
560:Catalan
543:French:
535:, garr-
477:Garonne
251:, Spain
172:Occitan
128:Garonne
103:to the
85:in the
44:.
4313:Others
4289:Sensée
4284:Scarpe
4272:Petite
4267:Grande
4242:Erclin
4214:Escaut
4204:Viroin
4189:Semois
4179:Othain
4174:Mouzon
4164:Chiers
4136:Lauter
4073:Scorff
4053:Léguer
4013:Canche
4008:Bresle
4003:Blavet
3993:Authie
3971:Others
3879:Touvre
3874:Seugne
3816:Vézère
3806:Sumène
3791:Ouysse
3781:Luzège
3693:Séoune
3643:Gimone
3623:Devèze
3603:Avance
3598:Auroue
3593:Arrats
3583:Ariège
3550:Viette
3545:Vienne
3540:Verzée
3520:Thouet
3500:Tardes
3495:Sioule
3470:Sarthe
3450:Palais
3445:Ozanne
3425:Nièvre
3405:Loiret
3370:Huisne
3330:Creuse
3325:Cosson
3300:Cébron
3265:Bouble
3255:Besbre
3220:Arroux
3205:Anglin
3195:Allier
3180:Airain
3170:Acolin
3160:Abloux
3137:Yerres
3062:Cailly
3057:Bièvre
3022:Almont
2961:Argens
2944:Others
2910:Taravo
2800:Baraci
2790:Albino
2757:Venoge
2747:Trient
2742:Sionne
2732:Ouvèze
2702:Guiers
2687:Gardon
2657:Dranse
2652:Drance
2607:Aigues
2496:
2386:
2259:
2220:
2161:
2109:
1867:
1809:
1657:Sandre
1598:
1457:Floods
1451:SANDRE
1353:Devèze
1333:Avance
1313:Séoune
1308:Auroue
1298:Arrats
1288:Gimone
1268:Ariège
1213:Langon
1211:(33):
1194:(47):
1185:(82):
1168:(31):
1157:Vielha
1069:Cambes
1036:, the
1034:Ariège
1004:Course
980:, the
976:, the
974:source
690:Vielha
603:France
572:Garona
564:Basque
432:
409:Length
229:Source
199:Cities
189:France
168:
165:Garona
4247:Haine
4151:Meuse
4123:Rhine
4085:Somme
4068:Rance
4033:Élorn
4028:Douve
4023:Dives
3988:Auray
3983:Aulne
3947:Louts
3932:Gabas
3927:Échez
3917:Arros
3889:Adour
3864:Coran
3844:Boëme
3761:Diège
3756:Couze
3703:Touch
3683:Salat
3678:Pique
3673:Ourse
3668:Neste
3663:Louge
3628:Dropt
3618:Ciron
3608:Baïse
3588:Arize
3565:Yèvre
3560:Yerre
3535:Vègre
3525:Vaige
3480:Semme
3440:Oudon
3430:Ognon
3415:Maine
3410:Losse
3385:Layon
3375:Indre
3360:Furan
3350:Ernée
3345:Erdre
3320:Conie
3310:Clain
3285:Braye
3280:Brame
3235:Auron
3215:Arnon
3190:Alène
3175:Aigre
3152:Loire
3142:Yonne
3127:Risle
3122:Ource
3112:Oison
3097:Marne
3092:Loing
3052:Barse
3014:Seine
2930:Travo
2900:Santu
2880:Porto
2845:Fango
2767:Vispa
2737:Saône
2727:Ouche
2717:Massa
2712:Isère
2662:Drôme
2599:Rhone
2476:Water
2455:7 May
2023:(PDF)
2016:(PDF)
1918:(PDF)
1486:flood
1414:locks
1343:Ciron
1338:Dropt
1323:Baïse
1273:Touch
1263:Louge
1258:Arize
1248:Salat
1243:Neste
1238:Ourse
1233:Pique
1174:Muret
1128:from
925:caver
607:Spain
599:river
585:Latin
319:Mouth
193:Spain
65:DeepL
4199:Vair
4169:Faux
4100:Vire
4063:Orne
4058:Odet
4038:Eyre
3962:Nive
3942:Léez
3907:Aran
3796:Rhue
3771:Isle
3746:Cère
3741:Céou
3731:Bave
3726:Auze
3708:Volp
3698:Tarn
3688:Save
3638:Gers
3510:Tenu
3460:Rère
3400:Loir
3355:Èvre
3340:Dore
3335:Dive
3305:Cher
3230:Aron
3200:Ance
3117:Orge
3107:Oise
3082:Eure
3072:Epte
3032:Aube
2986:Roya
2966:Aude
2951:Agly
2860:Golo
2830:Cavu
2795:Asco
2785:Alto
2697:Gier
2692:Gère
2677:Fier
2647:Doux
2642:Cèze
2627:Arve
2494:ISSN
2457:2024
2416:2018
2384:ISBN
2324:2010
2290:link
2283:help
2257:ISBN
2179:link
2159:ISBN
2127:link
2107:ISBN
2080:2012
2058:2012
2031:2011
1999:2019
1973:2011
1929:2009
1901:2011
1865:ISBN
1807:ISBN
1788:link
1632:2019
1596:OCLC
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