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hiding their relationships, delaying health care, avoid social situations, etc. In research publish by UCLA School of Law, survey data showed that 29.8% of LGBTQ employees experienced workplace discrimination such as being fired or not hired. LGBTQ employees who are people of color were much more likely to report that they didn't get hired because of their sexual orientation or gender identity, compared to white LGBTQ employees. Transgender employees were more likely to face discrimination based on their LGBTQ identity compared to cisgender LGBTQ employees. Almost half (48.8%) of transgender employees experienced discrimination due to their LGBTQ identity, while only 27.8% of cisgender LGBTQ employees reported such experiences. In addition, over half (57.0%) of discriminated LGBTQ employees said their employer or co-workers indicated that the unfair treatment was linked to religious beliefs. In the U.S., certain states have passed laws permitting child welfare agencies to deny services to LGBTQ community based on religious or moral beliefs. Similarly, some states allow healthcare providers to refuse certain procedures or medications for LGBTQ community on religious or moral grounds. Additionally, certain states permit businesses to decline services to LGBTQ people or same-sex couples, particularly in the context of wedding-related services, citing religious or moral beliefs.
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One ideal platform within this framework was the free labor market of many capitalistic societies, which enticed people to break away from their often damaging traditional nuclear families in order to pursue employment in bigger cities. Making the move to these spaces afforded them new liberty in the realms of sexuality, identity, and kinship. Some researchers describe this as a phase of resistance against the confining expectations of normativity. Urban LGBTQ community demonstrated this pushback through various outlets, including their style of dress, the way they talked and carried themselves, and how they chose to build community. From a social science perspective, the relationship between the city and the LGBTQ community is not a one-way street. LGBTQ community give back as much, if not more, in terms of economic contributions (i.e., "
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found that LGBTQ participants of color viewed their family's silence about their identity as supportive and accepting. For example, collectivist cultures view the coming out process as a family affair rather than an individual one. Furthermore, the annual
National Coming Out Day centers on white perspectives as an event meant to help an LGBTQ person feel liberated and comfortable in their own skin. However, for some LGBTQ people of color, National Coming Out Day is viewed in a negative light. In communities of color, coming out publicly can have adverse consequences, risking their personal sense of safety as well as that of their familial and communal relationships. White LGBTQ people tend to collectively reject these differences in perspective on coming out, resulting in possibly further isolating LGBTQ people of color.
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Communications calculated the adult LGBTQ buying power at $ 830 billion for 2013. Same-sex partnered households spend slightly more than the average home on any given shopping trip. But, they also make more shopping trips compared to the non-LGBTQ households. On average, the difference in spending with same-sex partnered home is 25 percent higher than the average United States household. According to the
University of Maryland gay male partners earn $ 10,000 less on average compared to heterosexual men. However, partnered lesbians receive about $ 7,000 more a year than heterosexual married women. Hence, same-sex partners and heterosexual partners are about equal concerning consumer affluence.
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public because of their identity. This includes in housing, education, employment, and law enforcement. Furthermore, the report reveals that people of color in the LGBTQ community are twice more likely than white people in the LGBTQ community to experience discrimination, specifically in job applications and interactions with police. One-third of LGBTQ Americans believe that the bigger problem is based on laws, and government policies, and the rest believe that it is based on individual prejudice. Due to the experiences of discrimination in public, many LGBTQ Americans tries to avoid situations or places out of fear of discrimination, such as bathrooms, medical care, or calling the police.
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hegemonic norms surrounding female societal status were typical in Venice and
Florence, Italy. Under these circumstances, many open minded young people were attracted to these city settings. Consequently, an abundance of same-sex interactions began to take place. Many of the connections formed then often led to the occurrence of casual romantic and sexual relationships, the prevalence of which increased quite rapidly over time until a point at which they became a subculture and community of their own. Literature and ballroom culture gradually made their way onto the scene and became integrated despite transgressive societal views. Perhaps the most well-known of these are the balls of
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entire LGBTQ community, but the possibilities of these differences are far greater. In the past, gender was seen as fixed, and a congruent representation of an individual's sex. It is understood now that sex and gender are fluid separately. Researchers also noted that when evaluating products, a person's biological sex is as equal is a determinant as their self-concept. As a customer response, when the advertisement is directed towards them, gay men and women are more likely to have an interest in the product. This is an important factor and goal for marketers because it indicates future loyalty to the product or brand.
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same-sex couples. Opponents of same-sex marriage within the gay community argue that fighting to achieve these benefits by means of extending marriage rights to same-sex couples privatizes benefits (e.g., health care) that should be made available to people regardless of their relationship status. They further argue that the same-sex marriage movement within the gay community discriminates against families that are composed of three or more intimate partners. Opposition to the same-sex marriage movement from within the gay community should not be confused with opposition from outside that community.
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2232:. Amsterdam and London have also been recognized as leading locations for LGBTQ community establishment. By the 1950s, these urban spaces were booming with gay venues such as bars and public saunas where community members could come together. Paris and London were particularly attracting to the lesbian population as platforms for not only socialization, but education as well. A few other urban occasions that are important to the LGBTQ community include Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
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developing marketing methods that reach these new families. Advertising history has shown that when marketing to the family, it was always the wife, the husband, and the children. But today, that is not necessarily the case. There could be families of two fathers or two mothers with one child or six children. Breaking away from the traditional family setting, marketing researchers notice the need to recognize these different family configurations.
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as they are with other demographics to find trend patterns for specific products. Consumers who identify as LGBTQ are more likely to regularly engage in various activities as opposed to those who identify as heterosexual. According to
Community Marketing, Inc., 90 percent of lesbians and 88 percent of gay men will dine out with friends regularly. And similarly, 31 percent of lesbians and 50 percent of gay men will visit a club or a bar.
1824:, have differing associated audiences, affordances and norms. These varying platforms allow for more inclusivity as members of the LGBTQ community have the agency to decide where to engage and how to self-present themselves. The existence of the LGBTQ community and discourse on social media platforms is essential to disrupt the reproduction of hegemonic cis-heteronormativity and represent the wide variety of identities that exist.
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victimization, lack of support, school dropout, family problems, acquaintances' suicide attempts, homelessness, substance abuse, and other psychiatric disorders. Some of these stressors are also experienced by heterosexual adolescents, but they have been shown to be more prevalent among gay adolescents." Despite recent progress in LGBTQ rights, gay men continue to experience high rates of
2203:âas well as different ethnic, language, religious groups within the LGBTQ community. At the same time as LGBTQ and multiculturalism relation, may consider the inclusion of LGBTQ community into a larger multicultural model, as for example in universities, such multicultural model includes the LGBTQ community together and equal representation with other large minority groups such as
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21 percent of the overall adult population. However, a key difference is that those who identify as LGBTQ have fewer children collectively in comparison to heterosexual partners. Another factor at hand is that LGBTQ populations of color continue to face income barriers along with the rest of the race issues, so they will expectedly earn less and not be as affluent as predicted.
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typically dominated by white LGBTQ people, promote White and
Western values, and often leave LGBTQ people of color feeling as though they must choose between their racial community or their gender and sexual orientation community. In general, Western society will often subtly code "gay" as white; white LGBTQ people are often seen as the face of LGBTQ culture and values.
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hired for a job or being denied a bank loan, as well as feelings of perceived discrimination. Cisgender LGBTQ respondents reported higher rates of perceived discrimination than heterosexuals in every category related to discrimination, the team found. However, while gay youth are considered to be at higher risk for suicide, a literature review published in the journal
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Some LGBTQ people of color do not feel comfortable and represented within LGBTQ spaces. A comprehensive and systematic review of the existing published research literature around the experiences of LGBTQ people of color finds a common theme of exclusion in largely white LGBTQ spaces. These spaces are
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In the same way in which LGBTQ community used the city backdrop to join socially, they were able to join forces politically as well. This new sense of collectivity provided somewhat of a safety net for individuals when voicing their demands for equal rights. In the United States specifically, several
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One area that marketers are subject to fall under is stereotyping the LGBTQ community. When marketing towards the community, they may corner their target audience into an "alternative" lifestyle category that ultimately "others" the LGBTQ community. Sensitivity is important when marketing towards the
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Just recently, marketers have picked up the LGBTQ demographic. With a spike in same-sex marriage in 2014, marketers are figuring out new ways to tie in a person's sexual orientation to a product being sold. In efforts to attract members of the LGBTQ community to their products, market researchers are
1976:
In a survey conducted in 2012, younger
Americans are more likely to identify as gay. Statistics continue to decrease with age, as adults between ages 18â29 are three times more likely to identify as LGBTQ than seniors older than 65. These statistics for the LGBTQ community are taken into account just
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In the fall of 1995, the Human Rights
Campaign adopted a logo (yellow equal sign on deep blue square) that has become one of the most recognizable symbols of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community. The logo can be spotted the world over and has become synonymous with the fight for equal
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of New York in 1970 after they broke away from the larger Gay
Liberation Front. Lambda was chosen because people might confuse it for a college symbol and not recognize it as a gay community symbol unless one was actually involved in the community. "Back in December of 1974, the lambda was officially
2004:
showed that out of 2,873 respondents. When it came to sexual orientation, 13% identified as asexual, 28% identified as bisexual, 13% identified as gay, 15% identified as lesbian, 31% identified as pansexual, 8% identified as straight or heterosexual, 4% identified as two-spirit, and 9% identified as
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Although many claims that the LGBTQ community is more affluent when compared to heterosexual consumers, research has proven that false. However, the LGBTQ community is still an important segment of consumer demographics because of the spending power and loyalty to brands that they have. Witeck-Combs
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have also been beneficial for the trans community by creating spaces for folks to share resources and transition stories, normalizing trans identity. It has been found that access to LGBTQ content, peers, and community on search engines and social networking sites has allowed for identity acceptance
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have been extended to same-sex couples. Advocates of same-sex marriage cite a range of benefits that are denied to people who cannot marry, including immigration, health care, inheritance and property rights, and other family obligations and protections, as reasons why marriage should be extended to
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The topic of coming out and revealing one's sexual orientation and gender identity to the public is associated with white values and expectations in mainstream discussions. Where white
Western culture places value on the ability to speak openly about one's identity with family, one particular study
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in these urban spaces continued to welcome them to experience a more liberated way of living. For lesbians, this led to the formation of literary societies, private social clubs, and same-sex housing. The core of this community-building took place in New York City and San
Francisco, but cities like
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states, "Being gay in-and-of-itself is not the cause of the increase in suicide." Rather the review notes that the findings of previous studies suggested the,"...suicide attempts were significantly associated with psychosocial stressors, including gender nonconformity, early awareness of being gay,
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A survey by CAP shows that 25.2% of LGBTQ people experienced discrimination based on their sexual orientation or gender identity, and that these discriminations negatively affect their well-being and living environment. Due to the fear of discrimination, many LGBTQ people change their lives such as
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Along with attempts to engage with the LGBTQ community, researchers have found gender disagreements among products with respective consumers. For instance, a gay male may want a more feminine product, whereas a lesbian female may be interested in a more masculine product. This does not hold for the
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showed that out of 906 respondents, when it came to sexual orientation, 48.9% identified as bisexual/pansexual, 21.6% identified as gay, 18.3% identified as lesbian, 4.9% identified as queer, and 6.3% identified as other (a category consisting of those who indicated they were asexual, heterosexual,
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And at home, the likelihood of LGBTQ women having children at home as non-LGBTQ women is equal. However, LGBTQ men are half as likely when compared with non-LGBTQ men to have children at home. Household incomes for sixteen percent of LGBTQ Americans range above $ 90,000 per year, in comparison with
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According to an article by James Hipps, LGBTQ Americans are more likely to seek out companies that advertise to them and are willing to pay higher prices for premium products and services. This can be attributed to the median household income compared to same-sex couples to opposite-sex couples, as
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brought together many closeted rural men from around the nation and exposed them to more progressive attitudes in parts of Europe. Upon returning home after the war, many of these men decided to band together in cities rather than return to their small towns. Fledgling communities would soon become
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The pink and yellow triangle was used to label Jewish homosexuals. Gender symbols have a much longer list of variations of homosexual or bisexual relationships which are clearly recognizable but may not be as popularly seen as the other symbols. Other symbols that relate to the gay community or gay
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Cities afford a host of prime conditions that allow for better individual development as well as collective movement that are not otherwise available in rural spaces. First and foremost, urban landscapes offer LGBTQ community better prospects to meet each other and form networks and relationships.
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Social media is often used as a platform for the LGBTQ community to congregate and share resources. Search engines and social networking sites provide numerous opportunities for LGBTQ people to connect with one another; additionally, they play a key role in identity creation and self-presentation.
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and other stress-related mental health problems among cisgender LGBTQ people. The authors found strong evidence of a relationship between the two. The team compared how 74 cisgender LGBTQ and 2,844 heterosexual respondents rated lifetime and daily experiences with discrimination such as not being
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The LGBTQ community has been recognized for being one of the largest consumers in travel. Travel includes annual trips, and sometimes even multiple annual trips. Annually, the LGBTQ community spends around $ 65 billion on travel, totaling 10 percent of the United States travel market. Many common
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Researchers have identified the emergence of gay and lesbian communities during several progressive time periods across the world including: the Renaissance, Enlightenment, and modern Westernization. Depending on geographic location, some of these communities experienced more opposition to their
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Marketing towards the LGBTQ community was not always a strategy among advertisers. For the last three to four decades, Corporate America has created a market niche for the LGBTQ community. Three distinct phases define the marketing turnover: 1) shunning in the 1980s, 2) curiosity and fear in the
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Survey studies show that instances of personal discrimination are common among LGBTQ community. This includes things like slurring, sexual harassment, and violence. According to a survey conducted for National Public Radio, at least one in five LGBTQ Americans have experienced discrimination in
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City spaces in Early Modern Europe were host to a wealth of gay activity; however, these scenes remained semi-secretive for a long period of time. Dating back to the 1500s, city conditions such as apprenticeship labor relations and living arrangements, abundant student and artist activity, and
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occurs when exclusionary practices are reinforced by algorithms across technological landscapes, directly resulting in excluding marginalized identities. The exclusion of these identity representations causes identity insecurity for LGBTQ people, while further perpetuating cis-heteronormative
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Algorithms and evaluative criteria control what content is recommended to users on search engines and social networking site. These can reproduce stigmatizing discourses that are dominant within society, and result in negatively impacting LGBTQ self-perception. Social media algorithms have a
1681:(UDHR), LGBTQ activists clung to its concept of equal, inalienable rights for all people, regardless of their race, gender, or sexual orientation. The declaration does not specifically mention gay rights, but discusses equality and freedom from discrimination. In 1962, Clark Polak joined The
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Compared to white LGBTQ people, LGBTQ people of color often experience prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination on the basis of not only their sexual orientation and gender identity, but also on the basis of race. Nadal and colleagues discuss LGBTQ people of color and their experience of
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1769:. These depictions of the LGBTQ community have been controversial, but beneficial for the community. The increase in visibility of LGBTQ people allowed for the LGBTQ community to unite to organize and demand change, and it has also inspired many LGBTQ people to come out.
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Disagreement between what precise wording is best is still present in 2023. Some propose adding more letters to make the participation of those groups explicit. Detractors of this approach argue that adding letters implicitly excludes others or makes for worse branding.
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Nadal, Kevin L.; Davidoff, Kristin C.; Davis, Lindsey S.; Wong, Yinglee; Marshall, David; McKenzie, Victoria (August 2015). "A qualitative approach to intersectional microaggressions: Understanding influences of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and religion".
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An analysis of a Gallup survey shows detailed estimates that â during the years 2012 through 2014 â the metropolitan area with the highest percentage of LGBTQ community was San Francisco, California. The next highest were Portland, Oregon, and Austin, Texas.
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in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Only a year after, he became president. In 1968, he announced that the Society would be changing their name to Homosexual Law Reform Society; "Homosexuals are now willing to fly under their own colors" (Stewart, 1968).
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One of the most notable recent changes was made in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on June 8, 2017. They added two new stripes to the rainbow flag, one black and one brown. These were intended to highlight members of color within the LGBTQ community.
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Marketers also refer to LGBTQ as a single characteristic that makes an individual. Other areas can be targeted along with the LGBTQ segment such as race, age, culture, and income levels. Knowing the consumer gives these marketers power.
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gays and lesbians was approximately $ 660 billion and was then expected to exceed $ 835 billion by 2011. Gay consumers can be very loyal to specific brands, wishing to support companies that support the gay community and also provide
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symbol ("L" for liberation), triangles, ribbons, and gender symbols are also used as "gay acceptance" symbol. There are many types of flags to represent subdivisions in the gay community, but the most commonly recognized one is the
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1420:. For example, the LGBT Movement Advancement Project termed community centers, which have services specific to those members of the LGBT community, as "LGBT community centers" in comprehensive studies of such centers around the
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LGBTQ individuals have faced a long history of discrimination. They've been labeled as mentally ill, faced forced attempts to change who they are, and experienced hate crimes and exclusion from jobs, homes, and public places.
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During and following these events, LGBTQ community subculture began to grow and stabilize into a nationwide phenomenon. Gay bars became more and more popular in large cities. For gays particularly, increasing numbers of
1573:. Not only did it represent Jews, but homosexuals who were killed because of German law. During the Holocaust, homosexuals were labeled with pink triangles to distinguish between them, Jews, regular prisoners, and
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The two movements have much in common politically. Both are concerned with tolerance for real differences, diversity, minority status, and the invalidity of value judgments applied to different ways of life.
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was also increasingly reclaimed as a one-word alternative to the ever-lengthening string of initials, especially when used by radical political groups, some of which had been using "queer" since the '80s.
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AIDS Activities Coordinating Office, Philadelphia – an office to help stop the spread of HIV/AIDS, by providing proper administrative components, direct assistance, and education on HIV/AIDS.
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started some of the first picket lines here. These protests continued on and off until 1969. Gittings went on to run the Gay and Lesbian Task Force of the American Library Association for 15 years.
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Social networking sites allow for community building as well as anonymity, allowing people to engage as much or as little as they would like. The variety of social media platforms, including
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There is currently a widespread ban of references in child-related entertainment, and when references do occur, they almost invariably generate controversy. In 1997, when American comedian
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they are twice as likely to have graduated from college, twice as likely to have an individual income over $ 60,000 and twice as likely to have a household income of $ 250,000 or more.
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in various places around the world. At the same time, high-profile celebrities in the broader society may offer strong support to these organizations in certain locations; for example,
1962:
travel factors play into LGBTQ travel decisions, but if there is a destination that is especially tailored to the LGBTQ community, then they are more likely to travel to those places.
4734:"Mayor's Commission on Sexual Minorities Fiscal Year 1988 Recommendations Pertaining to AIDS". City of Philadelphia. Special Collections Research Center, Temple University Libraries.
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1439:, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. Recognize this inclusion as a popular variant that adds the letter Q for those who identify as
4261:"Poll finds a majority of LGBTQ Americans report violence, threats, or sexual harassment related to sexual orientation or gender identity; one-third report bathroom harassment"
2301:, San Francisco – gathering place for LGBTQ community beginning in the 1970s; this urban spot was an oasis of hopefulness. Home to the first openly gay elected official
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marketed its Forester and Outback with the slogan "It's Not a Choice. It's the Way We're Built", which was later used in eight U.S. cities on streets or in gay rights events.
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Later, pink and indigo were removed from the flag, resulting in the present-day flag which was first presented at the 1979 Pride Parade. Other flags include the Victory over
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fast food chain, pulled their advertising. Also, a portion of the media has attempted to make the gay community included and publicly accepted with television shows such as
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The LGBTQ community represented by a social component of the global community that is believed by many, including heterosexual allies, to be underrepresented in the area of
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Ghabrial, Monica A. (March 2017). ""Trying to Figure Out Where We Belong": Narratives of Racialized Sexual Minorities on Community, Identity, Discrimination, and Health".
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and heterosexual white people, cisgender and heterosexual people of their own race, and from the LGBTQ community themselves, which is usually dominated by white people.
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identity discourse. LGBTQ users and allies have found methods of subverting algorithms that may suppress content in order to continue to build these online communities.
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in U.S. history in 2004. Following this event, attempts by religious groups in the area to ban it have been stifled and many more states have joined the Commonwealth.
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1657:. Today, many large cities have gay and lesbian community centers. Many universities and colleges across the world have support centers for LGBTQ students. The
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Raley, Amber B.; Lucas, Jennifer L. (October 2006). "Stereotype or Success? Prime-time television's portrayals of gay male, lesbian, and bisexual characters".
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1763:. This increased publicity reflects the Coming out movement of the LGBTQ community. As more celebrities came out, more shows developed, such as the 2004 show
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Um, Nam-Hyun (2012). "Seeking the holy grail through gay and lesbian consumers: An exploratory content analysis of ads with gay/lesbian-specific content".
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1733:, such as gay men being portrayed as flamboyant and bold. Like other minority groups, these caricatures are intended to ridicule this marginalized group.
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D'Emilio, J. (1998). CHAPTER 13: Capitalism and Gay Identity. In âCulture, Society & Sexualityâ (pp. 239â247). Taylor & Francis Ltd / Books.
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4794:"Intersectional Microaggressions and Social Support for LGBTQ Persons of Color: A Systematic Review of the Canadian-Based Empirical Literature"
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Casey, Logan S.; Reisner, Sari L.; Findling, Mary G.; Blendon, Robert J.; Benson, John M.; Sayde, Justin M.; Miller, Carolyn (December 2019).
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Miller, Richard K. and Kelli Washington. 2014. " PART IX: SEGMENTATION: Chapter 60: GAY & LESBIAN CONSUMERS." Consumer Behavior. 326â333.
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The contemporary lesbian and gay community has a growing and complex place in the American and Western European media. Lesbians and gay men
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As companies are advertising more and more to the gay community, LGBTQ activists are using ad slogans to promote gay community views.
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3763:"Queer Identity Management and Political Self-Expression on Social Networking Sites: A Co-Cultural Approach to the Spiral of Silence"
3525:"Queer Identity Management and Political Self-Expression on Social Networking Sites: A Co-Cultural Approach to the Spiral of Silence"
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found that 7.1% of U.S. adults identify as "lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or something other than straight or heterosexual".
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provide both a prime example of the use and a demonstration of the general meaning of the term. The LGBTQ community is diverse in
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declared the international symbol for gay and lesbian rights by the International Gay Rights Congress in Edinburgh, Scotland."
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3435:""That looks like me or something i can do": Affordances and constraints in the online identity work of US LGBTQ+ millennials"
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While the movement had always included all LGBT people, the one-word unifying term in the 1950s through the early 1980s was
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3691:"You Can Form a Part of Yourself Online: The Influence of New Media on Identity Development and Coming Out for LGBTQ Youth"
3372:"You Can Form a Part of Yourself Online: The Influence of New Media on Identity Development and Coming Out for LGBTQ Youth"
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was a platform uniquely suited for sharing trans stories and building community. Mainstream social media platforms like
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The Santa Cruz County in-queery, Volume 9, Santa Cruz Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgendered Community Center, 1996
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which target various aspects of their social identities. These negative experiences and microaggressions can come from
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Goulart, Karen M. (8 March 2001). "Library opens Gittings Collection". No. A1, A23, A24. Philadelphia Gay News.
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is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based cultures. It may refer to anyone who is
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4376:"Mental Health Correlates of Perceived Discrimination Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults in the United States"
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1644:. The current struggle of the gay community has been largely brought about by globalization. In the United States,
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Amnesty International USA. Human Rights and the Rights of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender People. 2009.
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1280:. Not all people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender consider themselves part of the LGBTQ community.
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4178:"Discrimination in the United States: Experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer Americans"
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Polly, J. (2009). Top 10 Historic Gay Places in the U.S. Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide, 16(4), 14â16.
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Fetto, John. In Broad Daylight â Marketing to the gay community â Brief Article. BNet. February 2001.
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The Handbook of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Public Health: A Practitioner's Guide To Service
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key political events have taken place in urban contexts. Some of these include, but are not limited to:
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1303:
862:
776:
765:
550:
377:
295:
4299:"Widespread Discrimination Continues to Shape LGBT People's Lives in Both Subtle and Significant Ways"
3158:
2607:"Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562"
1375:â when referring to the community as a whole â beginning in various forms largely in the early 1990s.
6543:
6472:
6212:
6110:
6009:
5243:
4125:
Oakenfull, Gillian (2012). "Gay Consumers and Brand Usage: The Gender-Flexing Role of Gay Identity".
4088:
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1292:
1073:
1023:
845:
682:
509:
350:
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PRNewswire. "Buying Power of US Gays and Lesbians to Exceed $ 835 Billion by 2011". January 25, 2007
2195:
LGBTQ multiculturalism is the diversity within the LGBTQ community as a representation of different
6845:
6697:
6329:
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6095:
5413:
4686:
3575:"Tumblr was a trans technology: the meaning, importance, history, and future of trans technologies"
3481:"'Too Gay for Facebook': Presenting LGBTQ+ Identity Throughout the Personal Social Media Ecosystem"
2312:
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existence than others; nonetheless, they began to permeate society both socially and politically.
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inaccurately in television, films, and other media; the gay community is often portrayed as many
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705:
106:
2035:
community. When marketing towards the LGBTQ community, advertisers respect the same boundaries.
1922:
According to Witeck-Combs Communications, Inc. and Marketresearch.com, the 2006 buying power of
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6141:
5968:
5883:
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5052:
1562:
1503:
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760:
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1506:, creator of the commonly known rainbow flag, each color represents a value in the community:
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6105:
5863:
5859:
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5164:
4545:"Created in Its Image: The Race Analogy, Gay Identity, and Gay Litigation in the 1950sâ1970s"
3741:
2523:
1788:
in the UK work with the media to help portray fair and accurate images of the gay community.
1780:. Many LGBTQ organizations exist to represent and defend the gay community. For example, the
1694:
1658:
1577:. The black triangle is similarly a symbol for females only to represent lesbian sisterhood.
1482:
1315:
1277:
1217:
662:
632:
555:
400:
278:
4153:"Hate crimes based on sexual orientation or gender identity are an aggravating circumstance"
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advocate for LGBTQ people on a wide range of issues in the United States. There is also an
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67:
2634:"Madonna Celebrates Queer Joy with Drag Queens, Son David at Star-Studded NYC Pride Party"
8:
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1877:
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Pink and yellow triangles were utilized to label Jewish homosexuals during the Holocaust.
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Sadika, Bidushy; Wiebe, Emily; Morrison, Melanie A.; Morrison, Todd G. (2020-03-02).
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Haimson, Oliver L.; Dame-Griff, Avery; Capello, Elias; Richter, Zahari (2019-10-18).
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3596:
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2256:, Philadelphia - gay and lesbian protest movement in 1965 – activists led by
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1038:
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740:
382:
367:
290:
248:
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233:
199:
5482:
4959:
4624:
4440:
Kitts, R. (2005). "Gay adolescents and suicide: understanding the association".
4061:
1489:
The gay community is frequently associated with certain symbols, especially the
7071:
6620:
6595:
6304:
6158:
6115:
5923:
5443:
5393:
5375:
5169:
5042:
5022:
4937:
3690:
3371:
2306:
2141:
2021:
1785:
1386:). Throughout the 1970s and '80s, a number of groups with lesbian members, and
1383:
1028:
961:
750:
647:
372:
4882:
4603:
Aldrich, Robert (2004). "Homosexuality and the City: An Historical Overview".
1997:
or questioning, and those who gave no response for their sexual orientation).
1988:
A 2019 survey of the Two-Spirit and LGBTQ+ population in the Canadian city of
1240:
activists and sociologists see LGBTQ community-building as a counterweight to
7087:
6960:
6374:
6247:
6087:
6075:
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5342:
5228:
5100:
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4890:
4855:
4819:
4523:
4496:
4201:
3786:
3714:
3656:
3610:
3548:
3460:
3395:
3159:"Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered History in America"
3067:
2606:
2498:
2488:
2483:
2264:
2208:
1923:
1682:
1654:
1464:
1421:
1413:
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1058:
991:
897:
840:
617:
575:
516:
494:
438:
333:
253:
5653:
4394:
4193:
2577:"Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement"
592:
7059:
6950:
6918:
6857:
6702:
6369:
5888:
5829:
5762:
5630:
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5398:
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5312:
5280:
5208:
5069:
4923:
4682:
4453:
4412:
4219:
4092:
3208:
2976:"How the Nazi Regime's Pink Triangle Symbol Was Repurposed for LGBTQ Pride"
2463:
2449:
2237:
1772:
In the United States, gay people are frequently used as a symbol of social
1662:
1645:
1641:
1623:
1539:
1387:
1307:
1273:
1241:
1213:
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1063:
919:
877:
715:
597:
538:
216:
189:
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5322:
3601:
3479:
DeVito, Michael A.; Walker, Ashley Marie; Birnholtz, Jeremy (2018-11-01).
3200:
587:
6993:
6965:
6477:
6207:
6202:
5948:
5744:
5663:
5593:
5588:
5571:
5526:
5307:
5275:
5270:
5203:
5142:
4972:
4968:
4918:, 2000 (African American LGBTQ community, and also its relation to art).
4516:
2513:
2302:
2157:
2060:
2009:
1730:
1364:
1284:
1253:
1201:
1197:
1149:
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941:
904:
818:
622:
560:
533:
528:
489:
315:
310:
305:
243:
211:
161:
156:
3762:
3524:
1840:
significant impact on the formation of the LGBTQ community and culture.
6923:
6649:
6494:
6319:
5984:
5893:
5794:
5767:
5739:
5703:
5688:
5678:
5620:
5385:
5223:
5179:
5159:
5117:
4847:
3778:
3689:
Shelley L. Craig PhD, RSW, LCSW; Lauren McInroy MSW, RSW (2014-01-01).
3540:
3113:
2951:"How A Lavender Rhino Became A Symbol Of Gay Resistance In '70s Boston"
2350:
2332:
2284:
2280:
2229:
2179:
2056:
1936:
1935:
workers. In the UK, this buying power is sometimes abbreviated to "the
1917:
1765:
1748:
1740:
1650:
1348:
1261:
1245:
1221:
924:
580:
467:
450:
320:
194:
4325:"LGBT People's Experiences of Workplace Discrimination and Harassment"
4138:
3688:
3451:
3434:
3272:"Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer community | sociology"
1367:. In use since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism
27:
Community and culture of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people
6883:
6257:
6135:
5908:
5683:
5583:
5531:
5521:
5174:
5004:
3632:
2528:
2421:
1773:
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1436:
1257:
971:
545:
300:
3648:
3497:
3480:
2928:
2340:
St. Louis, Lafayette Park in WA, and Chicago quickly followed suit.
2283:
movement in 1969 – for the first time, a group of gay men and
1580:
6903:
5978:
5598:
5213:
2153:
1805:
1744:
1713:
1469:
1360:
1249:
850:
835:
258:
2925:"Symbols of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Movements"
1697:, one of the largest gay rights organizations in the United States
1394:. By the early nineties, as more groups shifted to names based on
1283:
Groups that may be considered part of the LGBTQ community include
1272:
expresses the LGBTQ community's identity and collective strength;
5814:
5804:
5673:
5546:
5355:
5137:
4964:
4960:
4030:"Mapping the Void: Two-Spirit and LGBTQ+ Experiences in Hamilton"
3439:
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology
3243:
Up from Invisibility: Lesbians, Gay Men, and the Media in America
2478:
2165:
2145:
1821:
1817:
1490:
1352:
1189:
151:
146:
2898:"The Guide to LGBTQ Acronyms: Is it LGBT or LGBTQ+ or LGBTQIA+?"
6760:
6314:
6038:
5913:
5789:
5708:
5566:
5365:
5360:
3572:
1994:
Mapping the Void: Two-Spirit and LGBTQ+ Experiences in Hamilton
1832:
1828:
1813:
1809:
1792:
1494:
855:
182:
2000:
A 2019 survey of trans and non-binary people in Canada called
1593:
ribbon, AIDS awareness ribbon, labrys, and purple rhinoceros.
1100:
5834:
5648:
5638:
5615:
5610:
5605:
4980:
4976:
3035:"Philly's Pride Flag to Get Two New Stripes: Black and Brown"
2550:"Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers"
1932:
1868:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1670:
1569:
The triangle became a symbol for the gay community after the
1440:
1400:
1335:
1237:
1205:
273:
166:
114:
54:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1322:
events around the world â but I would never, ever turn down
1302:
LGBTQ communities may organize themselves into, or support,
6004:
5693:
4791:
4175:
4000:"San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage"
2336:
1547:
1412:, have been adopted into the mainstream in the 1990s as an
3089:"Wiser Earth Organizations: Empowering Spirits Foundation"
2609:. National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.
5799:
5551:
2149:
1356:
1193:
690:
1653:
movement, including monumental incidents at places like
4658:
4259:
Avenue, 677 Huntington; Boston; Ma 02115 (2017-11-21).
2726:
Interpreting LGBT History at Museums and Historic Sites
2700:
An Army of Ex-Lovers: My life at the Gay Community News
2309:, this cityscape remains iconic to the LGBTQ community.
2287:
fought back against police during a raid on this small
4832:
2599:
2568:
2541:
2140:
In a 2001 study that examined possible root causes of
1776:
by celebrity evangelists and by organizations such as
4235:"For LGBTQ People Of Color, Discrimination Compounds"
3478:
3056:
2702:. University of Massachusetts Press. pp. 79â81.
2665:
Acronyms, Initialisms & Abbreviations Dictionary,
1264:
pressures that exist in the larger society. The term
4663:
International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
4258:
3637:
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
3485:
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
2865:"Civilities, What does the acronym LGBTQ stand for?"
2439:
2243:
30:"Gay community" redirects here. For other uses, see
2236:in Sydney, Australia, as well as the various other
2222:
1408:The initialism, as well as common variants such as
5730:
3240:
2677:Factsheet five, Issues 32â36, Mike Gunderloy, 1989
1747:on her popular sitcom, many sponsors, such as the
1712:In some parts of the world, partnership rights or
4996:
3370:Craig, Shelley L.; McInroy, Lauren (2014-01-01).
7085:
4469:"Together Alone: the Epidemic of Gay Loneliness"
2164:, explored whether ongoing discrimination fuels
1293:LGBTQ student groups in schools and universities
3006:"The Irony of the Human Rights Campaign's Logo"
2547:
1677:. In 1947, when the United Kingdom adopted the
6956:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
6380:2020s anti-LGBTQ movement in the United States
5508:
4533:, accessed Saturday 11 April 2015, 10:39 (GMT)
2693:
2691:
2625:
736:2020s anti-LGBTQ movement in the United States
6401:
4945:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4114:
3630:
2919:
2917:
2574:
2078:The examples and perspective in this article
1866:The examples and perspective in this article
1390:politics, preferred the more representative,
1122:
52:The examples and perspective in this article
6024:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
4369:
4367:
4365:
4363:
3997:
3746:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3631:Simpson, Ellen; Semaan, Bryan (2021-01-05).
3369:
2667:Volume 1, Part 1. Gale Research Co., 1985,
2509:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
1561:The lambda symbol was originally adopted by
1542:at the Friends of the Pink Triangle Ceremony
6743:Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine
6253:Florida Legislative Investigation Committee
4598:
4596:
4594:
4374:Mays, Vickie M.; Cochran, Susan D. (2001).
4373:
4322:
4283:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3902:
3900:
3761:Fox, Jesse; Warber, Katie M. (2014-12-22).
3523:Fox, Jesse; Warber, Katie M. (2014-12-22).
2791:
2688:
2631:
1782:Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation
7009:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany
6243:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany
4952:
4938:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4659:"LGBTQs in the City, Queering Urban Space"
4652:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4642:
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4586:
4584:
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4111:
4080:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3880:
3695:Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health
3376:Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health
3186:
3081:
2914:
2722:
2396:this issue before removing this message.
2240:hosted in bigger cities around the world.
1129:
1115:
6294:Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire
6126:History of Christianity and homosexuality
5092:
4916:Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies
4809:
4402:
4360:
4209:
4124:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3760:
3600:
3590:
3522:
3496:
3450:
2116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1904:Learn how and when to remove this message
1827:Before its ban on adult content in 2018,
1675:International Lesbian and Gay Association
1604:
90:Learn how and when to remove this message
6941:Discrimination against non-binary people
4868:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4347:
4089:"What Percentage of Americans Are LGBT?"
3970:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3855:"The Power of Gay: Buying Power That Is"
3299:
2356:
2291:in Greenwich Village. The site is now a
1688:
1618:
1579:
1534:
1468:
1318:stated, "I was asked to perform at many
1220:. These communities generally celebrate
1140:
6101:History of gay men in the United States
4738:
4722:
4656:
4639:
4602:
4571:
4542:
4232:
4062:"Trans PULSE Canada Report No. 1 or 10"
3877:
3819:
3259:Media's portrayal of gays and lesbians.
2797:
2729:(in Arabic). Rowman & Littlefield.
2697:
1396:lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender
14:
7086:
6452:List of LGBT rights articles by region
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4466:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3432:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3355:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2760:
1972:LGBT demographics of the United States
1291:, LGBTQ employee groups at companies,
1049:LGBT conservatism in the United States
32:LGBTQ culture § Gay men's culture
6759:
6648:
6400:
6073:
5481:
5091:
4995:
4933:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4700:
4439:
4086:
3949:
3852:
3518:
3516:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3302:"The Struggle for Gay Rights Is Over"
3238:
2895:
2763:"2008 Community Center Survey Report"
2315:City Hall, was the site of the first
1679:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1371:, which was used to replace the term
7029:Unlawfully killed transgender people
7014:Acts of violence against LGBT people
6989:Capital punishment for homosexuality
6468:Capital punishment for homosexuality
4871:Sexuality Research and Social Policy
4010:from the original on 22 October 2015
3820:Hicklin, Aaron (27 September 2012).
3003:
2877:from the original on January 3, 2020
2556:from the original on January 2, 2020
2366:
2064:
2027:1990s, and 3) pursuit in the 2000s.
1852:
1701:
38:
7024:Violence against transgender people
6419:LGBT rights by country or territory
4233:Prichep, Deena (25 November 2017).
4169:
3923:Journal of Marketing Communications
3909:
3754:
3682:
3617:
3421:
3363:
2779:from the original on March 23, 2020
2548:Julia Goicochea (August 16, 2017).
2390:create a more balanced presentation
2185:
1630:argued before the Supreme Court in
1611:LGBT rights by country or territory
1416:for use when labeling topics about
1188:) is a loosely defined grouping of
24:
6549:Legal status of transgender people
6000:Legal status of transgender people
4908:
4758:
4559:from the original on 14 April 2015
4087:Jones, Jeffrey M. (3 March 2021).
4068:from the original on 14 March 2020
3920:
3834:from the original on 21 April 2021
3513:
3467:
2646:from the original on June 25, 2022
2613:from the original on March 6, 2016
2053:Discrimination against LGBT people
1836:and pride within LGBTQ community.
1649:political in the beginning of the
25:
7115:
5631:Third sex / Third gender
4383:American Journal of Public Health
4099:from the original on 3 March 2021
2770:LGBT Movement Advancement Project
2244:Urban spaces in the United States
2182:and depression after coming out.
2156:people, Cochran and psychologist
2046:
2008:In a survey carried out in 2021,
7066:
7065:
7053:
6653:â Medicine, science and sexology
6483:Criminalization of homosexuality
5785:Attraction to transgender people
4675:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.01030.x
4042:from the original on 3 July 2019
2723:Ferentinos, Susan (2014-12-16).
2587:from the original on May 6, 2020
2442:
2371:
2223:European cities past and present
2069:
1857:
1099:
43:
6936:Discrimination against lesbians
6868:Transgender people and religion
6683:Disability and LGBTQ identities
6237:Institut fĂŒr Sexualwissenschaft
4862:
4826:
4727:
4716:
4689:from the original on 2020-02-17
4536:
4509:
4490:
4479:from the original on 2020-06-17
4433:
4422:from the original on 2020-06-29
4341:
4316:
4291:
4252:
4226:
4145:
4054:
4022:
3991:
3853:Hipps, James (24 August 2008).
3846:
3813:
3804:
3793:from the original on 2022-03-09
3729:from the original on 2022-03-09
3671:from the original on 2022-03-09
3566:
3555:from the original on 2022-03-09
3410:from the original on 2022-03-09
3323:
3312:from the original on 2019-11-25
3293:
3282:from the original on 2019-12-02
3264:
3232:
3223:
3180:
3169:from the original on 2022-03-09
3151:
3125:
3106:
3095:from the original on 2020-06-29
3045:from the original on 2018-02-26
3027:
3016:from the original on 2021-06-05
2997:
2986:from the original on 2021-06-07
2968:
2943:
2889:
2857:
2845:from the original on 2013-05-10
2829:
2818:from the original on 2015-09-06
2743:from the original on 2022-03-09
2575:Eli Rosenberg (June 24, 2016).
2519:African-American LGBT community
2353:"), activism and politics too.
2293:U.S. National Historic Landmark
2279:â the birthplace of the modern
1965:
1848:
1798:
1297:LGBT-affirming religious groups
6053:Sexual practices between women
4798:Journal of GLBT Family Studies
4467:Hobbes, Michael (2017-03-01).
3998:Gallup, Inc. (20 March 2015).
3988:." Marketing News, 47 (9). 1p.
3986:Demographics in the Modern Day
3300:Kirchick, James (2019-06-28).
2754:
2716:
2658:
1946:
1760:Queer Eye for the Straight Guy
1451:has been recorded since 1996.
1329:
653:Rights by country or territory
13:
1:
7004:History of violence in the US
6999:History of violence in the UK
6478:Civil unions and partnerships
6348:Timeline of same-sex marriage
6049:Women who have sex with women
6029:Social construction of gender
4811:10.1080/1550428X.2020.1724125
4348:Thoreson, Ryan (2018-02-19).
3592:10.1080/14680777.2019.1678505
3247:. Columbia University Press.
2632:Jeff Nelson (June 24, 2022).
2535:
1667:Empowering Spirits Foundation
1633:Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
1418:sexuality and gender identity
1069:Social construction of gender
1018:Academic fields and discourse
6976:Violence against LGBT people
6877:Prejudice and discrimination
6693:Homosexuality and psychology
6365:Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014
6300:Florida orange juice boycott
6014:Sexual practices between men
5899:Erotic target location error
4473:The Huffington Post Highline
4303:Center for American Progress
3935:10.1080/13527266.2010.489696
3707:10.1080/19359705.2013.777007
3388:10.1080/19359705.2013.777007
3229:Gomestic. 2009. Stanza Ltd
2927:. Lambda.org. Archived from
2798:Shankle, Michael D. (2006).
2363:Racism in the LGBT community
2015:
1493:or rainbow flags. The Greek
7:
6738:Sexual orientation identity
6663:Autism and LGBTQ identities
6554:Transgender rights movement
6074:
5919:Gender and sexual diversity
5288:Queerplatonic relationships
4657:Doderer, Yvonne P. (2011).
4625:10.1080/0042098042000243129
4350:""All We Want is Equality""
2435:
2092:, discuss the issue on the
1880:, discuss the issue on the
1589:pride include the gay-teen
687:Blood donation restrictions
66:, discuss the issue on the
10:
7120:
6914:Grooming conspiracy theory
6863:Homosexuality and religion
6131:History of same-sex unions
4543:Konnoth, Craig J. (2009).
4323:thisisloyal.com, Loyal |.
4127:Psychology & Marketing
2360:
2190:
2050:
2019:
1969:
1950:
1915:
1705:
1608:
1540:Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi
1462:
1458:
1333:
1304:movements for civil rights
1289:LGBTQ rights organizations
1160:, shown here adorned with
829:Grooming conspiracy theory
766:Mixed-orientation marriage
696:LGBT medical organizations
29:
7047:
6974:
6876:
6784:
6780:
6755:
6658:
6644:
6581:
6473:Censorship of LGBT issues
6460:
6417:
6413:
6396:
6338:
6221:
6213:First homosexual movement
6192:
6151:
6086:
6082:
6069:
6010:Men who have sex with men
5876:
5758:
5721:
5629:
5517:
5504:
5477:
5384:
5341:
5113:
5109:
5087:
5013:
4991:
4883:10.1007/s13178-016-0229-x
3822:"Power of the pink pound"
3134:"About LGBT Human Rights"
1784:in the United States and
1597:rights for LGBTQ people.
1074:Socialism and LGBT rights
1024:Communism and LGBT rights
6846:Suicide among LGBT youth
6698:Homosexuality in the DSM
6330:Bar Abanicos police raid
6310:Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS
6283:Festival of Light action
6263:Compton's Cafeteria riot
6096:History of homosexuality
5557:Non-binary / genderqueer
5414:Gay flag of South Africa
5018:LGBT topics in education
4182:Health Services Research
3767:Journal of Communication
3529:Journal of Communication
3433:Kitzie, Vanessa (2019).
3239:Gross, Larry P. (2001).
3189:Journal of Homosexuality
2313:Cambridge, Massachusetts
2162:University of California
1720:
1693:The headquarters of the
6853:Monuments and memorials
6841:Suicides of LGBT people
6573:Commonwealth of Nations
6405:Rights and legal issues
6044:Transgender health care
4506:, University of Florida
4395:10.2105/AJPH.91.11.1869
4194:10.1111/1475-6773.13229
3633:"For You, or For"You"?"
3276:Encyclopedia Britannica
3119:April 26, 2009, at the
2343:
2005:unsure or questioning.
1447:their sexual identity;
937:Intersex discrimination
706:Transgender health care
6824:LGBT rights opposition
6733:Split attraction model
6231:Dance of the Forty-One
6142:Category:LGBTQ history
6111:LGBTQ history timeline
6019:Sexâgender distinction
5969:Human female sexuality
5303:Same-sex relationships
4836:Qualitative Psychology
4188:(Suppl 2): 1454â1466.
3579:Feminist Media Studies
1698:
1637:
1605:Human and legal rights
1585:
1563:Gay Activists Alliance
1543:
1486:
1212:individuals united by
1165:
761:LGBT rights opposition
296:Sexâgender distinction
6606:LGBT rights activists
6583:LGBT rights movements
6563:Yogyakarta Principles
6522:Assisted reproduction
6500:Intersex human rights
6360:Russian anti-LGBT law
6106:History of lesbianism
5562:Queer heterosexuality
3201:10.1300/J082v51n02_02
3066:. HRC. Archived from
3039:Philadelphia Magazine
2698:Hoffman, Amy (2007).
2524:Queer heterosexuality
2357:Intersections of race
1842:Algorithmic exclusion
1695:Human Rights Campaign
1692:
1659:Human Rights Campaign
1622:
1583:
1538:
1472:
1278:political affiliation
1144:
663:Yogyakarta Principles
633:Intersex human rights
556:Same-sex relationship
279:Queer heterosexuality
7104:Types of communities
6894:Anti-gender movement
6325:Tasty nightclub raid
6273:Gay Liberation Front
5974:Human male sexuality
5845:Romantic orientation
5644:Balkan sworn virgins
5542:Gender nonconformity
4914:Murphy, Timothy F.,
4549:The Yale Law Journal
3984:Soat, Molly. 2013. "
3491:(CSCW): 44:1â44:23.
2896:Heidi (2022-08-22).
2552:. The Culture Trip.
2504:List of gay villages
2098:create a new article
2090:improve this article
2080:may not represent a
1886:create a new article
1878:improve this article
1475:DIY rainbow crossing
1039:Lavender linguistics
72:create a new article
64:improve this article
6829:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
5934:Gender essentialism
5732:Sexual orientations
4617:2004UrbSt..41.1719A
3827:The Financial Times
2870:The Washington Post
2197:sexual orientations
1778:Focus on the Family
1727:are often portrayed
1575:political prisoners
1172:(also known as the
1162:rainbow pride flags
1084:Transgender studies
824:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
6929:Liberal homophobia
6786:Societal attitudes
6764:Societal attitudes
6728:Conversion therapy
6651:Sexual orientation
6611:Rainbow capitalism
6601:LGBT rights groups
6510:Same-sex parenting
6461:LGBT rights topics
6174:pre-Columbian Peru
5850:Same gender loving
5496:Sexual diversities
5150:Bisexual community
4848:10.1037/qup0000026
4517:"The Race Analogy"
4502:2014-05-13 at the
4354:Human Rights Watch
4329:Williams Institute
3779:10.1111/jcom.12137
3541:10.1111/jcom.12137
3091:. Wiserearth.org.
3010:The Oberlin Review
3004:Christen, Simone.
2931:on 4 December 2004
2682:2015-09-06 at the
2581:The New York Times
2459:Bisexual community
2386:to a single source
2305:and the legendary
2269:Christopher Street
2002:Trans PULSE Canada
1699:
1638:
1586:
1552:Leather Pride flag
1544:
1487:
1166:
1044:LGBTQ conservatism
658:Transgender rights
179:Sexual orientation
7099:LGBTQ and society
7081:
7080:
7043:
7042:
7039:
7038:
7019:Stop Murder Music
6819:Gay panic defense
6799:Heteronormativity
6751:
6750:
6718:Prenatal hormones
6640:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6527:Same-sex marriage
6488:decriminalization
6392:
6391:
6388:
6387:
6354:Lawrence v. Texas
6288:White Night riots
6278:Handkerchief code
6065:
6064:
6061:
6060:
5954:Gender transition
5944:Gender neutrality
5939:Gender expression
5924:Gender assignment
5872:
5871:
5723:Sexual identities
5717:
5716:
5491:Sexual identities
5486:Gender identities
5473:
5472:
5469:
5468:
5192:Awareness periods
5165:Community centers
5083:
5082:
4389:(11): 1869â1876.
4157:Our World in Data
4139:10.1002/mar.20578
4064:. 10 March 2020.
3452:10.1002/asi.24217
3445:(12): 1340â1351.
2811:978-1-56023-496-8
2804:. Haworth Press.
2736:978-0-7591-2374-8
2673:978-0-8103-0683-7
2474:Homosocialization
2410:
2409:
2388:. Please help to
2380:This section may
2317:same-sex marriage
2273:Greenwich Village
2254:Independence Hall
2205:African Americans
2201:gender identities
2126:
2125:
2118:
2100:, as appropriate.
1990:Hamilton, Ontario
1914:
1913:
1906:
1888:, as appropriate.
1708:Same-sex marriage
1702:Same-sex marriage
1591:suicide awareness
1479:Sydney, Australia
1156:, is home to the
1146:Greenwich Village
1139:
1138:
982:Non-binary people
873:Domestic violence
756:Heteronormativity
628:Decriminalization
478:Awareness periods
429:
428:
356:Same-sex marriage
269:Non-binary gender
100:
99:
92:
74:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
7111:
7069:
7068:
7060:LGBTQ portal
7058:
7057:
7056:
6836:LGBT stereotypes
6804:Heteropatriarchy
6794:Amatonormativity
6782:
6781:
6757:
6756:
6723:Sexual inversion
6646:
6645:
6505:Military service
6415:
6414:
6398:
6397:
6121:Social movements
6084:
6083:
6071:
6070:
5825:Non-heterosexual
5728:
5727:
5515:
5514:
5506:
5505:
5479:
5478:
5454:Rainbow crossing
5293:Religious groups
5239:New queer cinema
5111:
5110:
5089:
5088:
5028:Lesbian feminism
4993:
4992:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4931:
4930:
4903:
4902:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4830:
4824:
4823:
4813:
4789:
4756:
4753:
4736:
4735:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4654:
4637:
4636:
4611:(9): 1719â1737.
4600:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4540:
4534:
4513:
4507:
4494:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4464:
4458:
4457:
4448:(159): 621â628.
4437:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4421:
4406:
4380:
4371:
4358:
4357:
4345:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4295:
4289:
4288:
4282:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4213:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4149:
4143:
4142:
4122:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4041:
4034:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
3995:
3989:
3982:
3947:
3946:
3918:
3907:
3904:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3865:on 17 April 2010
3861:. Archived from
3850:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3745:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3628:
3615:
3614:
3604:
3594:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3520:
3511:
3510:
3500:
3476:
3465:
3464:
3454:
3430:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3354:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3334:. Archived from
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3246:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3136:. Archived from
3129:
3123:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2921:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2861:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2767:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2695:
2686:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2545:
2469:Gay male culture
2452:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2418:microaggressions
2405:
2402:
2375:
2374:
2367:
2258:Barbara Gittings
2186:Multiculturalism
2142:mental disorders
2121:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2101:
2073:
2072:
2065:
1909:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1889:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1754:Will & Grace
1628:Freedom to Marry
1528:indigo = harmony
1519:yellow = the sun
1516:orange = healing
1510:pink = sexuality
1433:non-heterosexual
1351:that stands for
1314:and entertainer
1218:social movements
1214:a common culture
1150:gay neighborhood
1131:
1124:
1117:
1103:
1034:Lesbian feminism
915:Heteropatriarchy
786:Sexual diversity
746:Amatonormativity
729:Social attitudes
643:Military service
522:in New York City
505:New queer cinema
461:African-American
339:
338:
264:Non-heterosexual
138:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
102:
101:
95:
88:
84:
81:
75:
47:
46:
39:
21:
7119:
7118:
7114:
7113:
7112:
7110:
7109:
7108:
7084:
7083:
7082:
7077:
7054:
7052:
7035:
6984:Corrective rape
6970:
6872:
6809:Homonationalism
6776:
6747:
6654:
6632:
6577:
6568:La Francophonie
6537:List of couples
6495:Hate crime laws
6456:
6409:
6384:
6334:
6268:Stonewall riots
6217:
6188:
6184:Medieval Europe
6147:
6078:
6057:
5868:
5855:Sexual minority
5773:Gray asexuality
5754:
5713:
5625:
5510:Gender identity
5500:
5465:
5380:
5337:
5105:
5079:
5009:
5000:Academic fields
4987:
4958:
4911:
4909:Further reading
4906:
4867:
4863:
4831:
4827:
4790:
4759:
4754:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4721:
4717:
4712:
4701:
4692:
4690:
4655:
4640:
4601:
4572:
4562:
4560:
4541:
4537:
4530:Huffington Post
4514:
4510:
4504:Wayback Machine
4495:
4491:
4482:
4480:
4465:
4461:
4438:
4434:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4378:
4372:
4361:
4346:
4342:
4333:
4331:
4321:
4317:
4308:
4306:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4276:
4275:
4269:
4267:
4257:
4253:
4243:
4241:
4231:
4227:
4174:
4170:
4161:
4159:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4133:(12): 968â979.
4123:
4112:
4102:
4100:
4085:
4081:
4071:
4069:
4060:
4059:
4055:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4035:. 11 Jun 2019.
4032:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4013:
4011:
3996:
3992:
3983:
3950:
3919:
3910:
3905:
3878:
3868:
3866:
3851:
3847:
3837:
3835:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3796:
3794:
3759:
3755:
3739:
3738:
3732:
3730:
3687:
3683:
3674:
3672:
3649:10.1145/3432951
3643:(CSCW3): 1â34.
3629:
3618:
3571:
3567:
3558:
3556:
3521:
3514:
3498:10.1145/3274313
3477:
3468:
3431:
3422:
3413:
3411:
3368:
3364:
3348:
3347:
3341:
3339:
3332:"Archived copy"
3330:
3328:
3324:
3315:
3313:
3298:
3294:
3285:
3283:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3185:
3181:
3172:
3170:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3143:
3141:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3121:Wayback Machine
3111:
3107:
3098:
3096:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3073:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3048:
3046:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3019:
3017:
3002:
2998:
2989:
2987:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2960:
2958:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2932:
2923:
2922:
2915:
2906:
2904:
2894:
2890:
2880:
2878:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2848:
2846:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2821:
2819:
2812:
2796:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2765:
2759:
2755:
2746:
2744:
2737:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2696:
2689:
2684:Wayback Machine
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2639:People Magazine
2630:
2626:
2616:
2614:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2533:
2494:LGBTQ movements
2448:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2406:
2400:
2397:
2376:
2372:
2365:
2359:
2346:
2246:
2225:
2193:
2188:
2122:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2087:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2051:Main articles:
2049:
2024:
2018:
1974:
1968:
1955:
1953:Pink capitalism
1949:
1920:
1910:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1875:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1801:
1738:Ellen DeGeneres
1723:
1710:
1704:
1617:
1615:LGBTQ movements
1609:Main articles:
1607:
1556:Bear Pride flag
1531:violet = spirit
1502:. According to
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1427:The initialism
1392:lesbian and gay
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1186:queer community
1170:LGBTQ community
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1054:Queer anarchism
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883:Straightwashing
868:Criminalization
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741:Allonormativity
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291:Sexual identity
249:Gender variance
239:Gender identity
234:Gender fluidity
200:Gray asexuality
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4842:(2): 147â163.
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4804:(2): 111â147.
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4669:(2): 431â436.
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4535:
4522:2015-04-11 at
4515:John Corvino,
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3585:(3): 345â361.
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3041:. 2017-06-08.
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2841:. 2008-11-01.
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2709:978-1558496217
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2415:intersectional
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2401:September 2021
2392:. Discuss and
2379:
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2331:areas, public
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2307:Castro Theater
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2158:Vickie M. Mays
2124:
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2084:of the subject
2082:worldwide view
2077:
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2048:
2047:Discrimination
2045:
2022:LGBT marketing
2020:Main article:
2017:
2014:
1970:Main article:
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1951:Main article:
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1870:worldwide view
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1706:Main article:
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1522:green = nature
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1463:Main article:
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1384:Gay liberation
1334:Main article:
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1312:LGBTQ advocate
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483:Largest events
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6375:Rainbow Night
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6248:Cadet scandal
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6164:Ancient Egypt
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6088:LGBTQ history
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6034:Straight ally
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5964:Hermaphrodite
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5929:Gender binary
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5778:Demisexuality
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5537:Gender bender
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5371:Pink triangle
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5256:Organizations
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5075:Transfeminism
5073:
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5065:Queer studies
5063:
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4605:Urban Studies
4599:
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4524:archive.today
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3773:(1): 79â100.
3772:
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3701:(1): 95â109.
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3535:(1): 79â100.
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3382:(1): 95â109.
3381:
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3352:
3338:on 2015-10-16
3337:
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3164:
3160:
3154:
3140:on 2010-07-12
3139:
3135:
3128:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3114:"About GLAAD"
3109:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3070:on 2012-07-31
3069:
3065:
3059:
3044:
3040:
3036:
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3015:
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3000:
2985:
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2977:
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2957:. 3 June 2019
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2499:LGBTQ symbols
2497:
2495:
2492:
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2489:LGBTQ history
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2484:LGBTQ culture
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2299:Castro Street
2297:
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2265:Stonewall Inn
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2106:November 2023
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2013:
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1998:
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1924:United States
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1504:Gilbert Baker
1501:
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1483:Oxford Street
1480:
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1473:The original
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1465:LGBTQ symbols
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1422:United States
1419:
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1414:umbrella term
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1324:New York City
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1300:
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1274:pride parades
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1268:or sometimes
1267:
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1158:Stonewall Inn
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1079:Transfeminism
1077:
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1059:Queer studies
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955:Vulnerability
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777:homosexuality
775:Religion and
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711:Youth suicide
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566:Socialization
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531:
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517:LGBTQ culture
515:
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363:Homosexuality
361:
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254:Homosexuality
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59:
57:
50:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
18:Gay community
7070:
7051:
6951:Riddle scale
6919:Heterosexism
6858:Queerbaiting
6713:Neuroscience
6703:Kinsey scale
6678:Demographics
6370:Rainbow wave
6352:
6340:21st century
6292:
6235:
6223:20th century
6195:19th century
6179:Ancient Rome
6140:
5990:
5983:
5949:Gender roles
5889:Detransition
5862: /
5763:Aromanticism
5281:Pride parade
5209:Gay-friendly
5095:
5070:Queer theory
4924:Google Books
4920:Partial view
4915:
4877:(1): 42â55.
4874:
4870:
4864:
4839:
4835:
4828:
4801:
4797:
4729:
4718:
4691:. Retrieved
4666:
4662:
4608:
4604:
4561:. Retrieved
4552:
4548:
4538:
4527:
4511:
4497:LGBT Affairs
4492:
4481:. Retrieved
4472:
4462:
4445:
4441:
4435:
4424:. Retrieved
4386:
4382:
4353:
4343:
4332:. Retrieved
4328:
4318:
4307:. Retrieved
4305:. 2017-05-02
4302:
4293:
4268:. Retrieved
4264:
4254:
4242:. Retrieved
4238:
4228:
4185:
4181:
4171:
4160:. Retrieved
4156:
4147:
4130:
4126:
4101:. Retrieved
4082:
4070:. Retrieved
4056:
4044:. Retrieved
4024:
4012:. Retrieved
4003:
3993:
3926:
3922:
3867:. Retrieved
3863:the original
3858:
3848:
3836:. Retrieved
3825:
3815:
3806:
3795:. Retrieved
3770:
3766:
3756:
3742:cite journal
3731:. Retrieved
3698:
3694:
3684:
3673:. Retrieved
3640:
3636:
3582:
3578:
3568:
3557:. Retrieved
3532:
3528:
3488:
3484:
3442:
3438:
3412:. Retrieved
3379:
3375:
3365:
3340:. Retrieved
3336:the original
3325:
3314:. Retrieved
3306:The Atlantic
3305:
3295:
3284:. Retrieved
3275:
3266:
3258:
3242:
3234:
3225:
3195:(2): 19â38.
3192:
3188:
3182:
3171:. Retrieved
3163:Encyclopedia
3162:
3153:
3142:. Retrieved
3138:the original
3127:
3108:
3097:. Retrieved
3083:
3072:. Retrieved
3068:the original
3064:"What We Do"
3058:
3047:. Retrieved
3038:
3029:
3018:. Retrieved
3009:
2999:
2988:. Retrieved
2979:
2970:
2959:. Retrieved
2955:www.wbur.org
2954:
2945:
2933:. Retrieved
2929:the original
2905:. Retrieved
2901:
2891:
2881:February 19,
2879:. Retrieved
2868:
2859:
2847:. Retrieved
2837:
2831:
2820:. Retrieved
2800:
2793:
2781:. Retrieved
2769:
2761:Centerlink.
2756:
2745:. Retrieved
2725:
2718:
2699:
2664:
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
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