2063:—ushered in what has been labeled 'girlie-girl culture' in the 1990s. This feminine turn of children's consumer culture came with its own official color: pink. Pink reigned supreme as marketing campaigns utilized what was perceived to be a 'strong association' between gender and certain color palettes. Bold colors conveyed maleness while pastel colors signals femininity. When single colors were used, companies chose pink, lavender, and purple, to target girls and sometimes blue to target boys, albeit inconsistently. As online shopping grew in popularity, gendered color-coding migrated to the new medium. A study of the gender marketing of toys on the Disney store website found that '85% of toys that had red, black, brown, or gray as their most predominant color were for "boys only", while 86.2% of toys that were pink were for "girls only"
568:, researcher Marco Del Giudice commented on earlier claims about a supposed shift in pink–blue color associations or preferences sometime around the 1940s, from pink for boys and blue for girls before that period, to the opposite alignment afterward. He summarized his earlier work from 2012 which found "no evidence of either reversed or inconsistent usage prior to the 1940s". Del Giudice called this theory the "Pink–blue reversal" (PBR), and said it was "usually attributed to Paoletti", and quoted from five academic articles that reprised the theory of "pink is for boys" prior to the 1940s. However, he found upon analysis that it was exceptionally difficult to actually document such a shift, and exclaimed upon "the thinness of the evidence presented in support of the PBR".
765:
483:
756:, the aim was to identify which colors are preferred for which garment types by girls and boys, and whether or not the color preferences of children differ according to age, sex, and garment type. It was determined that the colors preferred most by most of the girls for all garment types were magenta, red-violet, red, and red-orange; similarly, the colors preferred by the boys for all garment types were black, blue, cyan, and yellow. Despite the lack of cross cultural analysis on this topic, existing research indicates that children's clothing resides on a spectrum that has expectations which fluctuate depending on age, gender, location, class, and many more intersectional markers.
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420:(1989). These animated films were heavily marketed to girls, especially, and pink was everywhere in marketing campaigns as they took advantage of what appeared to be a strong association between gender and certain colors: bold colors for boys, pastel colors for girls, especially pink. Eighty-six percent of pink toys were marketed as "girls only", and a similar percentage that were bold red, black, brown, or gray were for "boys only". Pink became a strong signal to girls and their parents about which products were being marketed to them.
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722:. The study found that blue was not a gendered color, but that pink is. Among children, blue was the favorite color of both girls and boys. There was a greater preference for pink/purple hues among girls, and a greater preference for red among boys. Among adults, no group chose pink as their favorite, blue was a common favorite among both, and women preferred red more than men did. A further study tested positive or negative emotional associations of pink, blue, and red among Swiss adults using the
587:: "Yet, in the first two decades of the twentieth century, there is evidence that the gender-dimorphic nature of these two colors was inverted, that is, blue was judged to be stereotypically feminine whereas pink was judged to be stereotypically masculine." But Paoletti never made the claim that pink and blue reversed, only that there was inconsistent usage that took until the 1950s to resolve starting from the first appearances of gendered pink and blue color associations around the 1860s.
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personality traits, gender, and color. Results confirmed previous studies, showing similar gender differences across both culture groups, with females in both groups showing a preference for pink, in warmer shades for Indian women and cooler for
British women. Authors reported "a remarkable cross-cultural similarity in men and a subtle but significant cultural difference in women whose origin is yet to be explained".
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117:, and the color pink, became more associated with only girls and women. Paoletti summarized the evolution of pink and blue associations with girls and boys: "It is clear that pink-blue gender coding was known in the late 1860s but was not dominant until the 1950s in most parts of the United States and not universal until a generation later."
162:
redecorating the White House in pink, to such an extent that it became known among the press corps as "The Pink Palace". Her tastes were picked up by the
American public, and "Mamie Pink" became an iconic color in decorating in the 1950s, being used in bathroom fixtures, tiles, kitchen appliances, and more.
493:
use props or accessories of various kinds to reveal to invited guests the sex of an expectant mother's baby before it is born. Props include cakes, balloons, confetti, smoke, fireworks, and other accessories to indicate whether the fetus is male or female, normally by means of a colored signal that
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in
Tanzania differed from those of previous studies, and that their color preferences were the same for men and for women. The researchers concluded that their study called into question previous hypotheses that color preference might have an innate association with gender, and suggested that more
704:
In an attempt to test previous research indicating an apparent preference in
Britain for blue-green hues among males and pink-purple among females, a 2018 cross-cultural study compared Indian and British students. Standardized personality tests were administered to determine links possible between
156:
was influential in the growing shift among women in the United States, and to some extent abroad, towards the association between pink and women's fashion and decorating. Mrs. Eisenhower was well known for preferring pink both in clothing and home decoration well before she became first lady, and
112:
Children's clothing began to be differentiated by gender in matters of cut, pockets, images, and decoration, but not by color. During the period 1900–1930, the fashions of young boys began to change in style, but not color. Pink and blue were used together as "baby colors". Birth announcements and
83:
Despite popular belief—including from various academic and popular sources—a reported "pink–blue reversal", wherein the gendered associations of both colors were "flipped" sometime during the 20th century, most likely never occurred, and instead is likely to have been a misunderstanding of earlier
67:
Originating as a trend in the mid-19th century and applying primarily to clothing, gendered associations with pink and blue became more widespread from the 1950s onward. Since the 1990s, these gendered associations have also increasingly applied to toys as well, especially in the case of pink toys
700:
Studies of color preferences of infants and toddlers found a preference for primary colors, with no differences between boys and girls. By the age of two, girls started to prefer pink, and by four, boys started to reject it. This is around the same time as infants start to become aware of gender.
103:
According to Jo
Paoletti, who spent two decades studying the history of pink and blue gender-coding, there were no particular color associations for girls and boys at the turn of the 20th century. There was no agreement among manufacturers about which colors were feminine or masculine, or whether
225:
For infant and children's clothing, ribbons, and other items, the pink for girls, blue for boys associations known in
European countries included: the Netherlands (1823), France (1834), Russia (1842), Great Britain (1862), and Spain (1896); and in the Americas: in the United States, and Mexico
789:
The same connection can be drawn between men and the potential for limitations associated with the color blue in western society. Oftentimes men are marketed clothing and products that are associated with their socially acceptable color scheme of various blues, greens, and dark tones; this is
161:
as
President of the United States. So much so, that a particular shade, known as "Mamie Pink" was named after her. When she took up residence in the White House in January 1953 she brought her favorite color with her, wearing a pink gown covered in pink rhinestones to the inaugural balls, and
751:
Research questioning the color preferences of male and female children in regard to specific products is minimal; however, analysis of the research available implies that there are common color preferences among boys and girls in relation to their clothing choice. In a study conducted in
1791:
Manuel complet de la maitresse de maison et de la parfaite ménagère: contenant les meilleurs moyens pour la conservation des substances alimentaires, la préparation des entremets nouveaux, glaces, confitures, liqueurs ; les soins à donner aux enfans,
260:. Participants wear pink shirts and attend or host informative events to raise awareness about bullying, particularly in schools. Pink Shirt Day was started in 2007 in Canada, where it is held on the last Wednesday of February each year. It was adopted in
494:
is pink or blue. For example: a cake may be brought out, frosted in white or other neutrally-colored icing, which when cut, reveals a pinkish or blueish filling inside, thus indicating that the baby is expected to be a girl (pink) or a boy (blue).
138:
A number of personalities and cultural icons of the 1950s and early 1960s had a great influence on the public awareness and use of pink in fashion and decoration, including Mamie
Eisenhower, Marilyn Monroe, and Brigitte Bardot.
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522:, describes the traditional associations of pink and blue as the reasons for the flag's colors. The blue stripes represent boys and men, the pink stripes represent girls and women, and the white stripe represents
1412:
726:. All three hues were associated with positive emotions to the same extent among men and women. Where there were gender-based differences, pink was found to elicit more positive associations among women.
464:, caring for other people, being beautiful, being good, and being cooperative. Some breast cancer-related organizations, such as Pink Ribbon International use the pink ribbon as their primary symbol.
2201:
575:: "Prior to that decade, Paoletti ... noted that the sex-dimorphic color coding of pink and blue was inverted, i.e., infant boys were dressed in pink and infant girls were dressed in blue.";
460:
Breast cancer organizations use the pink ribbon to associate themselves with breast cancer, to promote breast cancer awareness, and to support fundraising. Pink evokes traditional feminine
206:
wore checkered pink gingham as her wedding dress for her wedding in 1959. This was formerly a material used only for curtains and created a sensation, and was widely copied and influential.
1797:
Complete manual of the housewife and the perfect hostess: containing the best methods for conservation of food items, preparation of new desserts, ice creams, jams, liqueurs; childcare, etc
113:
baby books used both colors well into the 1950s, and then gradually became accepted as feminine and masculine colors. Styles and colors formerly considered neutral, including flowers,
3067:
Steele, Valerie; Landis, Deborah
Nadoolman; Albinson, A. Cassandra; Regina Lee Blaszczyk; Dominique Grisard; Tanya Melendez-Escalante; Masafumi Monden (2018). Steele, Valerie (ed.).
518:
features five horizontal stripes: light blue stripes on the top and bottom, light pink stripes in second and fourth positions, and a white stripe in the center. The flag's designer,
864:
1916:
Chiu SW, Gervan S, Fairbrother C, et al. (2006). "Sex-Dimorphic Color
Preference in Children with Gender Identity Disorder: A Comparison to Clinical and Community Controls".
546:
Even items that would seem to have no association with one gender or another, such as vitamin pills, have been produced in pink and blue and marketed towards girls and boys.
571:
In his 2012 paper, Del Giudice quoted from four articles published in academic journals which all echoed the claims about PBR theory, many relying on Paoletti, including
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something that can be observed in advertising as well as store fronts. With this push for a connection between blue and masculinity, there can be instances of gender
229:
A contrarian tendency to avoid gendered clothing colors for children and towards more unisex clothing in the United States began in the late 1960s, influenced by the
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Most studies have taken place in western industrialized societies, and some evidence appeared to show a cross-cultural pattern. A 2019 study published in
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was designed to test this hypothesis, and was conducted among a hunter-gatherer culture in Africa. The study found that the color preferences among the
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Russia: St. Petersburg, Moscow, Kharkoff, Riga, Odessa, the German Provinces on the Baltic, the Steppes, the Crimea, and the Interior of the Empire
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scheduled for the day after the inauguration of President Trump in January 2017 would not be taken seriously, because of the proliferation of pink
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2067:'. Pink prove to be a powerful and direct signal to consumers about which products were specifically being marketed to girls and their parents.
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The association of pink with little girls and their toys leads some to view pink for women as unserious or infantilizing. In a 2017 column in
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Pasche Guignard, Florence (September 2015). "A Gendered Bun in the Oven. The Gender-reveal Party as a New Ritualization during Pregnancy".
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with a big bow on the back and matching shoulder length gloves. Marilyn defined femininity and seduction and her influence never ended.
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A 2007 British study found a preference among women for reddish colors, and theorized that it might have had evolutionary advantages.
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1889:"Gender difference in color preference across cultures: An archetypal pattern modulated by a female cultural stereotype"
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The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine: An Illustrated Journal Combining Practical Information, Instruction, and Amusement
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2896:[Historical and artistic approach to the use of blue and pink colors as pedagogies of gender and sexuality].
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583:: "the current stereotypical American assignment of pink to girls and blue to boys was reversed a century ago"; and
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Results of a cross-sectional study of color preferences among Swiss children and adults were published in 2018 in
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280:(held in February) in that it also seeks to end all bullying, the Day of Pink is more specifically aimed towards
2395:"Similarities in Color Preferences Between Women and Men: The Case of Hadza, the Hunter-Gatherers From Tanzania"
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Gieseler, Carly (9 February 2017). "Gender-reveal parties: performing community identity in pink and blue".
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Just as He-Man had taken over children's television in the 1980s, a series of successful Disney princesses—
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579:: "At one point, pink was considered more of a boy's color ... blue was considered more for girls.";
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studies would be needed to determine what the actual factors are in color preferences among the genders.
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2894:"Abordagem histórica e artística do uso das cores azul e rosa como pedagogias de gênero e sexualidade"
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Gender Diversity and LGBTQ Inclusion in K-12 Schools: A Guide to Supporting Students, Changing Lives
2502:"Pink for Girls, Red for Boys, and Blue for Both Genders: Colour Preferences in Children and Adults"
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Frassanito, Paolo; Pettorini, Benedetta (4 January 2008). "Pink and blue: the color of gender".
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Ben-Zeev, Avi (2014). "When Boys Wear Pink: A Gendered Color Cue Violation Evokes Risk Taking".
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came out. The musical comedy featured Marilyn in the most famous musical number in the film,
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457:. The color pink was chosen for the ribbon in 1992, as a symbol of breast cancer awareness.
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Cinderella Ate My Daughter: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the New Girlie-Girl Culture
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2231:. Vol. 2, no. 18. Mexico: Rafael Reyes Spíndola. 29 October 1899. p. 314.
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in the United States: six said pink for boys and blue for girls; four said the opposite.
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2077:"The Twentieth Century Reversal of Pink-Blue Gender Coding: A Scientific Urban Legend?"
2011:
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2765:"Pink and Blue: Telling the Boys from the Girls in America by Jo B. Paoletti (review)"
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Groyecka, Agata; Witzel, Christoph; Butovskaya, Marina; Sorokowski, Piotr (May 2019).
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The Pink Book: An Illustrated Celebration of the Color, from Bubblegum to Battleships
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2287:"Woman Who Popularized Gender-Reveal Parties Says Her Views On Gender Have Changed"
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Zucker, Kenneth J. (August 2005). "Measurement of Psychosexual Differentiation".
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2031:. Critical issues in health and medicine. Rutgers University Press. p. 19.
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2593:"From 'Bic For Her' To Bic For Them - How Cancel Culture Got Bic Back On Track"
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Toys and Tools in Pink: Cultural Narratives of Gender, Science, and Technology
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which refers to social penalties directed at people who violate gender norms.
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Chappell, Sharon Verner; Ketchum, Karyl E.; Richardson, Lisa (27 June 2018).
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Boeing 767-300 uses pink for the female gender and blue for the male gender.
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1694:"Clothing Color Preferences of Boys and Girls Aged Between Six and Nine"
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event held annually during the second week of April. Though similar to
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Pink Ribbon Blues: How Breast Cancer Culture Undermines Women's Health
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are associated with girls and boys respectively in large parts of the
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2202:"The Women's March needs passion and purpose, not pink pussycat hats"
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1435:"Here's the Meaning Behind the Colors of the Transgender Pride Flag"
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was already famous as a sex symbol in the early 1950s when the film
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Bonnardel, Valérie; Beniwal, Sucharita; et al. (April 2018) .
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2570:"Mamie Eisenhower and 'Mamie pink': More insight from Gettysburg"
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List of historical sources for pink and blue as gender signifiers
1405:"We Have A Navy Veteran To Thank For The Transgender Pride Flag"
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The International Day of Pink is a worldwide anti-bullying and
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Jonauskaite, Domicele; Dael, Nele; et al. (15 May 2019).
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Conis, Elena C.; Eder, Sandra; Medeiros, Aimee (14 May 2021).
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being prepared for the occasion by women planning to attend.
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in 2009 and is observed annually on the third Friday of May.
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Pink and Blue: Gender, Culture, and the Health of Children
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925:
402:
Shelves with pink-colored girls' toys, in a Canadian store
5320:
5214:
4979:
4309:
2943:
2654:
Pink and Blue: Telling the Boys from the Girls in America
2291:
778:, columnist Petula Dvorak wrote about her fears that the
3103:
A Cultural History of Fashion's Most Controversial Color
1485:
1312:
1257:
1158:
957:
955:
940:
2748:]. Vol. 55. Madrid: Sucesores de Rivadeneyra.
1981:
1182:
1170:
1045:
1043:
1613:
1572:
1324:
486:
A cake with a pink middle layer indicating a baby girl
5670:
2742:
La Moda elegante ilustrada: periódico de las familias
2469:"8 Dolls: odour, disgust, femininity, and toy design"
1134:
1086:
1028:
952:
915:
913:
3137:
2312:
La Cour de Hollande sous le règne de Louis Bonaparte
1336:
1040:
157:
more so after 1952 with the election of her husband
3070:
Pink: The History of a Punk, Pretty, Powerful Color
2245:
1952:
The Way We Wed: A Global History of Wedding Fashion
1637:
1595:
1554:
1536:
1348:
1300:
1122:
1098:
576:
2816:
2499:
2374:Science in Color: Visualizing Achromatic Knowledge
1982:"Children's Gender and Parents' Color Preferences"
1716:
1667:
1560:
1497:
910:
133:
126:magazine summarized the recommended hues at major
5273:Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate
2746:Elegant Fashion Illustrated: The Family Newspaper
1948:
1074:
1064:
107:
5730:
1886:
1799:]. Paris: Librairie encyclopédique de Roret.
1655:
550:drew criticism in 2012 for its pink and purple "
468:uses a stylized "running ribbon" as their logo.
2677:
2392:
2317:The Dutch Court in the Reign of Louis Bonaparte
1949:Chrisman-Campbell, Kimberly (1 December 2020).
1787:
1679:
1625:
1378:
1116:
233:reaching child-bearing age, and the effects of
2736:Rivadeneyra, Sucesores de (14 December 1896).
2284:
1366:
4636:
3661:
3123:
1403:Gray, Emma; Vagianos, Alanna (27 July 2017).
3783:Timeline of clothing and textiles technology
1402:
471:
267:
2770:Register of the Kentucky Historical Society
2735:
2475:. Manchester University Press. p. 99.
2135:
2074:
1788:Bayle-Mouillard, Élisabeth-Félicie (1834).
1607:
1530:
1515:
1459:
1208:
1194:
1152:
5655:
4643:
4629:
3668:
3654:
3130:
3116:
2966:
2466:
1491:
1218:. Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand.
453:, and are commonly seen in October during
412:series of successful Disney animated films
3020:
2909:
2719:
2165:
2100:
1904:
1164:
685:Learn how and when to remove this message
386:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Cultural attribution of colors to genders
5424:International Commission on Illumination
3043:
2891:
2762:
2681:Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses
2650:
2372:. In Wülfingen, Bettina Bock von (ed.).
2325:
2223:
1865:"How Gender Reveals Became Such A Thing"
1734:
1390:
1188:
1176:
1034:
961:
946:
934:
763:
728:
707:
634:"Gendered associations of pink and blue"
501:
481:
433:
410:developed in the 1990s in the wake of a
397:
314:Relevant discussion may be found on the
164:
141:
91:
39:
31:
2614:
2444:
2367:
2308:
1862:
1831:
1643:
1619:
1354:
1104:
1092:
1049:
986:: 20, 14 November 1927: Blue for boys:
919:
14:
5731:
5414:Color Association of the United States
3066:
2997:
2847:
2590:
2567:
2199:
1805:
1722:
1691:
1603:
1578:
1503:
1140:
1080:
621:Please improve this article by adding
584:
326:to additional sources at this section.
198:skin-tight silk dress in shocking pink
4624:
3649:
3111:
2814:
2445:Hammond, Claudia (17 November 2014).
2368:Grisard, Dominique (19 August 2019).
2319:]. Paris, Amsterdam: Chez Persan.
2285:Garcia-Navarro, Lulu (28 July 2019).
2024:
1979:
1599:
1566:
1467:"The History of the Transgender Flag"
1415:from the original on 1 September 2018
1342:
1330:
1318:
1306:
1227:
1225:
580:
557:
3926:Social media in the fashion industry
3675:
3176:Prehistory of nakedness and clothing
3021:Orenstein, Peggy (25 January 2011).
2892:Baliscei, João Paulo (August 2020).
2617:"When Did Girls Start Wearing Pink?"
2553:
1915:
1863:Bologna, Caroline (16 August 2018).
1591:
1542:
1128:
594:
590:
572:
423:
291:
2998:Kaiser, Susan B. (1 January 2012).
2729:. C.J. Peterson. 1856. p. 261.
2651:Paoletti, Jo B. (6 February 2012).
2138:"Pink, Blue, and Gender: An Update"
2136:Del Giudice, Marco (29 June 2017).
1838:. Chronicle Books. pp. 71–74.
1767:"Why girls 'really do prefer pink'"
1765:
1737:Psychology of Men & Masculinity
1631:
497:
104:there were any such colors at all.
36:Children in blue and pink clothing.
24:
5278:Blue–green distinction in language
2885:
2200:Dvorak, Petula (12 January 2017).
1692:Kilinç, Nurgül (1 November 2011).
1222:
307:relies largely or entirely upon a
25:
5775:
3096:
2568:Kueber, Pam (30 September 2009).
1596:Frassanito & Pettorini (2008)
1473:from the original on 3 April 2024
577:Frassanito & Pettorini (2008)
240:
194:Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend
171:Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend
76:, and the two colors are used at
5716:
5704:
5692:
5680:
5654:
5645:
5644:
5435:International Colour Association
5018:
4650:
4603:
3768:History of clothing and textiles
3749:
3231:
3152:History of clothing and textiles
2823:. USA: Oxford University Press.
2615:Maglaty, Jeanne (7 April 2011).
2447:"The 'pink vs blue' gender myth"
1893:Color Research & Application
1832:Blegvad, Kaye (1 October 2019).
1447:from the original on 14 May 2024
599:
296:
209:
196:, in a now iconic floor length,
3701:Environmental impact of fashion
3559:impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
2973:. Ohio State University Press.
2254:(8). Springer-Verlag: 881–882.
2150:Springer Science+Business Media
1980:Cohen, Philip N. (April 2013).
1825:(25). London: S.O. Beeton: 142.
1728:
1698:Social Behavior and Personality
1685:
1584:
1555:Frassanito & Pettorini 2008
1427:
1396:
1275:
1250:
134:Second half of the 20th century
5430:International Color Consortium
5419:International Colour Authority
3044:Pearlman, Robb (18 May 2021).
1759:
967:
120:In 1927, a chart published in
108:First half of the 20th century
13:
1:
5495:List of Crayola crayon colors
2763:Schorman, Rob (Autumn 2013).
2591:London, Lela (20 July 2020).
2342:10.1080/09589236.2017.1287066
903:
623:secondary or tertiary sources
455:Breast Cancer Awareness Month
149:, in her White House portrait
3001:Fashion and Cultural Studies
2738:"Correspondencia particular"
2657:. Indiana University Press.
2467:Hendershot, Heather (1996).
759:
169:Monroe performing the song "
7:
5298:Traditional colors of Japan
5075:Achromatic colors (Neutral)
4958:Multi-primary color display
4732:Spectral power distribution
3475:1920s–1950s Western fashion
3405:1830s–1910s Western fashion
3342:1500s–1820s Western fashion
2900:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
2850:Archives of Sexual Behavior
2142:Archives of Sexual Behavior
2081:Archives of Sexual Behavior
2075:Del Giudice, Marco (2012).
1987:Archives of Sexual Behavior
1710:10.2224/sbp.2011.39.10.1359
1283:"International Day of Pink"
1204:. Pink T-Shirt Day Society.
897:Pinkwashing (breast cancer)
797:
565:Archives of Sexual Behavior
534:people, and those still in
466:Susan G. Komen for the Cure
248:is an annual event against
214:
179:(1953) wearing a pink dress
68:for girls. Additionally, a
10:
5780:
5739:Gender-related stereotypes
3773:History of Western fashion
2967:Colatrella, Carol (2011).
2309:Garnier, Athanase (1823).
974:"Fashions: Baby's Clothes"
475:
427:
218:
87:
5640:
5612:
5525:
5450:
5443:
5394:
5313:
5263:
5195:
5186:
5158:Color realism (art style)
5105:
5038:
5027:
5016:
4916:
4863:
4816:Evolution of color vision
4745:
4668:
4659:
4598:
4550:
4502:
4399:
4290:
4213:
4148:
4139:
4102:
4023:
3949:
3824:
3801:
3778:History of fashion design
3758:
3747:
3693:
3687:Index of fashion articles
3684:
3612:
3569:
3536:
3505:
3474:
3404:
3341:
3240:
3229:
3166:
3157:History of fashion design
3146:
3027:. HarperCollins e-books.
2911:10.12957/teias.2020.46113
2862:10.1007/s10508-005-4336-7
2808:– via Project MUSE.
2522:10.1007/s11199-018-0955-z
2471:. In Kirkham, Pat (ed.).
2329:Journal of Gender Studies
2260:10.1007/s00381-007-0559-3
2158:10.1007/s10508-017-1024-3
2093:10.1007/s10508-012-0002-z
2000:10.1007/s10508-012-9951-5
1932:10.1007/s11199-006-9089-9
472:Gender reveal accessories
438:Breast Cancer Awareness,
268:International Day of Pink
99:'s son Jean sewing (1900)
44:This restroom sign on an
5475:List of colors (compact)
5293:Color in Chinese culture
4943:Digital image processing
4676:Electromagnetic spectrum
4158:British country clothing
3716:Fashion design copyright
3482:Suffrage Movement period
2950:. Taylor & Francis.
2815:Sulik, Gayle A. (2010).
2694:10.1177/0008429815599802
2420:10.1177/0301006619840937
1233:"About | Pink Shirt Day"
768:Women wearing pussy hats
541:
449:is used as a symbol for
189:Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
176:Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
5480:List of colors by shade
4517:Anti-sweatshop movement
3141:of clothing and fashion
3073:. Thames & Hudson.
2627:Smithsonian Institution
2370:"Pink and Blue Science"
1668:Jonauskaite et al. 2019
1287:Western Financial Group
1237:www.pinkshirtday.org.nz
733:Hadzabe dance, Tanzania
510:features pink and blue.
451:breast cancer awareness
287:
74:breast cancer awareness
5485:List of color palettes
4568:Chinoiserie in fashion
2248:Child's Nervous System
1807:Beeton, Samuel Orchart
1065:Chrisman-Campbell 2020
769:
734:
713:
610:relies excessively on
516:transgender pride flag
511:
487:
442:
406:In the United States,
403:
231:Baby Boomer generation
180:
150:
100:
49:
37:
5687:Children's literature
5409:Color Marketing Group
5164:On Vision and Colours
5097:Tinctures in heraldry
4708:Structural coloration
3904:Fashion merchandising
3570:By country and region
2783:10.1353/khs.2014.0003
1656:Bonnardel et al. 2018
850:Girls' toys and games
767:
732:
711:
505:
491:Gender reveal parties
485:
476:Further information:
437:
428:Further information:
401:
335:"pink toys for girls"
219:Further information:
168:
145:
97:Pierre-Auguste Renoir
95:
78:gender reveal parties
43:
35:
5744:Stereotypes of women
5490:List of color spaces
5382:Tint, shade and tone
5265:Cultural differences
5080:Polychromatic colors
5065:Complementary colors
5053:Monochromatic colors
4479:South Korean fashion
3941:Trickle-down fashion
3879:Fashion illustration
3864:Fashion entrepreneur
3741:Semiotics of fashion
3537:2000–present fashion
2721:"Fashions for March"
2049:Beauty And The Beast
1680:Groyecka et al. 2019
1379:Pasche Guignard 2015
1117:Bayle-Mouillard 1834
820:Color analysis (art)
724:Geneva Emotion Wheel
712:Geneva Emotion Wheel
562:In a 2017 letter to
532:gender-nonconforming
440:Louisville, Kentucky
320:improve this article
282:anti-LGBTQ+ bullying
235:second-wave feminism
159:Dwight D. Eisenhower
5470:List of colors: N–Z
5465:List of colors: G–M
5460:List of colors: A–F
4527:Sustainable fashion
4494:Vietnamese clothing
4025:Western dress codes
3899:Fashion photography
3874:Fashion forecasting
3577:Indian subcontinent
3506:1960s-1990s fashion
2726:Peterson's Magazine
2563:. Chapman and Hall.
2473:The Gendered Object
2207:The Washington Post
1367:Garcia-Navarro 2019
880:Pink ribbon culture
840:Gender reveal party
815:Children's clothing
775:The Washington Post
552:Bic Cristal for Her
478:Gender reveal party
408:girlie-girl culture
221:Children's clothing
18:Gender color-coding
5749:Stereotypes of men
5517:List of web colors
5512:List of RAL colors
4918:Color reproduction
4883:Lüscher color test
4720:Color of chemicals
4610:Fashion portal
4558:Ballet and fashion
4542:Zero-waste fashion
4258:Sportswear fashion
3936:Trickle-up fashion
3921:Red carpet fashion
3889:Fashion journalism
3884:Fashion influencer
2904:. Rio de Janeiro.
2555:Kohl, Johann Georg
2229:El Mundo ilustrado
2225:"La Mujer Moderna"
2045:The Little Mermaid
1670:, p. 630–642.
1658:, p. 209-223.
1608:Del Giudice (2012)
1393:, p. 661–671.
1381:, p. 479–500.
1321:, p. 124–125.
1002:; Blue for girls:
937:, p. 622–623.
886:Pink Ribbons, Inc.
845:Gender stereotypes
770:
735:
714:
558:Pink–blue reversal
554:" ballpoint pens.
512:
488:
443:
417:The Little Mermaid
404:
181:
151:
101:
50:
46:All Nippon Airways
38:
5759:Infants' clothing
5668:
5667:
5608:
5607:
5390:
5389:
5182:
5181:
5172:Theory of Colours
5014:
5013:
4926:Color photography
4878:Color preferences
4821:Impossible colors
4811:Color vision test
4806:Color temperature
4784:Color calibration
4713:Animal coloration
4618:
4617:
4585:Music and fashion
4395:
4394:
4345:Thrift store chic
4173:Cruise collection
4135:
4134:
4060:Black lounge suit
3844:Designer clothing
3839:Clothing industry
3706:Fashion accessory
3643:
3642:
3080:978-0-500-02226-9
3057:978-0-7624-7562-9
3050:. Running Press.
3034:978-0-06-204163-0
3011:978-1-84788-564-7
3004:. A&C Black.
2980:978-0-8142-1147-2
2957:978-1-351-69742-2
2830:978-0-19-974045-1
2664:978-0-253-00130-6
2482:978-0-7190-4475-5
2383:978-3-11-060521-1
2038:978-1-978809-85-7
1962:978-0-7624-7028-0
1955:. Running Press.
1906:10.1002/col.22188
1845:978-1-4521-7504-1
1704:(10): 1359–1366.
1682:, p. 428–36.
1469:. 23 April 2015.
695:
694:
687:
669:
591:Academic research
573:Chiu et al., 2006
424:Awareness ribbons
396:
395:
388:
370:
128:department stores
16:(Redirected from
5771:
5754:Color in culture
5721:
5720:
5719:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5676:
5658:
5657:
5648:
5647:
5448:
5447:
5314:Color dimensions
5303:Human skin color
5193:
5192:
5070:Analogous colors
5036:
5035:
5022:
4948:Color management
4865:Color psychology
4831:Opponent process
4747:Color perception
4666:
4665:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4622:
4621:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4563:Capsule wardrobe
4522:Circular fashion
4504:Fashion activism
4469:Nigerian fashion
4464:Japanese fashion
4422:Filipino fashion
4412:Canadian fashion
4407:American fashion
4146:
4145:
4021:
4020:
3753:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3647:
3646:
3389:Directoire style
3235:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3109:
3108:
3092:
3061:
3047:Pink Is for Boys
3038:
3015:
2992:
2961:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2913:
2881:
2842:
2822:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2757:
2730:
2713:
2668:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2574:retro renovation
2564:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2494:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2439:
2399:
2387:
2361:
2320:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2279:
2240:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2169:
2130:
2104:
2087:(6): 1321–1323.
2069:
2066:
2019:
1974:
1943:
1926:(5–6): 385–395.
1910:
1908:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1857:
1826:
1800:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1773:. 21 August 2007
1753:
1752:
1749:10.1037/a0034683
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1606:are as cited in
1590:Quotations from
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1531:Del Giudice 2012
1528:
1519:
1516:Del Giudice 2017
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1333:, p. 47–48.
1328:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1229:
1220:
1219:
1216:"Pink Shirt Day"
1212:
1206:
1205:
1202:"Pink Shirt Day"
1198:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1153:Rivadeneyra 1896
1150:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1062:
1053:
1047:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1016:Marshall Field's
971:
965:
959:
950:
949:, p. xviii.
944:
938:
932:
923:
917:
860:Let Toys Be Toys
830:Color psychology
690:
683:
679:
676:
670:
668:
627:
603:
595:
508:transgender flag
498:Transgender flag
447:awareness ribbon
414:, starting with
391:
384:
380:
377:
371:
369:
328:
300:
299:
292:
154:Mamie Eisenhower
147:Mamie Eisenhower
21:
5779:
5778:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5768:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5717:
5715:
5705:
5703:
5693:
5691:
5681:
5679:
5671:
5669:
5664:
5636:
5604:
5521:
5439:
5396:
5386:
5309:
5288:Blue in culture
5259:
5178:
5125:Secondary color
5101:
5058:black-and-white
5030:
5023:
5010:
4912:
4898:National colors
4893:Political color
4873:Color symbolism
4859:
4789:Color constancy
4767:Color blindness
4741:
4698:Spectral colors
4655:
4649:
4619:
4614:
4604:
4602:
4594:
4546:
4498:
4484:Swedish fashion
4474:Russian fashion
4452:Italian fashion
4447:Israeli fashion
4442:Iranian fashion
4417:Chinese fashion
4391:
4286:
4282:Vintage fashion
4270:Ghetto fabulous
4209:
4163:Business casual
4131:
4098:
4019:
3951:
3945:
3859:Fashion capital
3849:Digital fashion
3820:
3797:
3754:
3745:
3736:Fashion tourism
3689:
3680:
3674:
3644:
3639:
3608:
3565:
3532:
3501:
3470:
3400:
3337:
3236:
3227:
3162:
3161:
3142:
3136:
3099:
3081:
3058:
3035:
3012:
2981:
2958:
2932:
2930:
2888:
2886:Further reading
2831:
2803:
2801:
2665:
2639:
2637:
2603:
2601:
2579:
2577:
2542:
2540:
2514:Springer Nature
2483:
2455:
2453:
2397:
2384:
2297:
2295:
2212:
2210:
2188:
2186:
2064:
2039:
1963:
1875:
1873:
1846:
1776:
1774:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1733:
1729:
1721:
1717:
1690:
1686:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1654:
1650:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1589:
1585:
1581:, p. 3770.
1577:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1537:
1533:, p. 1321.
1529:
1522:
1518:, p. 1556.
1514:
1510:
1502:
1498:
1492:Hendershot 1996
1490:
1486:
1476:
1474:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1443:. 30 May 2023.
1433:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1416:
1409:Huffington Post
1401:
1397:
1389:
1385:
1377:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1337:
1329:
1325:
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1313:
1305:
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1291:
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1281:
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1266:
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1256:
1255:
1251:
1241:
1239:
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1223:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1151:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1127:
1123:
1115:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1063:
1056:
1048:
1041:
1033:
1029:
1020:The White House
972:
968:
960:
953:
945:
941:
933:
926:
918:
911:
906:
901:
835:Color symbolism
800:
762:
691:
680:
674:
671:
628:
626:
620:
616:primary sources
604:
593:
560:
544:
500:
480:
474:
432:
426:
392:
381:
375:
372:
329:
327:
322:by introducing
313:
301:
297:
290:
274:anti-homophobia
270:
243:
223:
217:
212:
204:Brigitte Bardot
136:
110:
90:
72:is a symbol of
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5777:
5767:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5726:
5725:
5713:
5701:
5689:
5666:
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5638:
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5597:
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5557:
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5547:
5542:
5537:
5531:
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5514:
5509:
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5502:
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5487:
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5477:
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5467:
5462:
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5445:
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5440:
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5400:
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5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5342:
5341:
5340:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5284:Color history
5282:
5281:
5280:
5269:
5267:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5201:
5199:
5190:
5184:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5168:
5167:(Schopenhauer)
5160:
5155:
5152:Color analysis
5149:
5147:Color triangle
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5128:
5127:
5122:
5111:
5109:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5083:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5061:
5060:
5044:
5042:
5033:
5025:
5024:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4997:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4953:Color printing
4950:
4945:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4933:
4922:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4888:Kruithof curve
4885:
4880:
4875:
4869:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4850:
4845:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4760:Sonochromatism
4751:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4728:
4727:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4700:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4672:
4670:
4663:
4657:
4656:
4648:
4647:
4640:
4633:
4625:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4590:Fashion victim
4587:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4508:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4437:Indian fashion
4434:
4432:German fashion
4429:
4427:French fashion
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4296:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4219:
4217:
4215:Street fashion
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4152:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4127:Modest fashion
4124:
4119:
4114:
4108:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4087:Cocktail dress
4084:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4029:
4027:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3993:
3988:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3955:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3869:Fashion editor
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3822:
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3819:
3818:
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3807:
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3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3764:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3726:Fashion museum
3723:
3721:Fashion matrix
3718:
3713:
3711:Fashion design
3708:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3650:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3551:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3255:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3135:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3098:
3097:External links
3095:
3094:
3093:
3079:
3063:
3062:
3056:
3040:
3039:
3033:
3017:
3016:
3010:
2994:
2993:
2979:
2963:
2962:
2956:
2940:
2939:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2856:(4): 375–388.
2844:
2843:
2829:
2811:
2810:
2777:(4): 622–623.
2759:
2758:
2732:
2731:
2716:
2715:
2688:(4): 479–500.
2674:
2673:
2663:
2647:
2646:
2611:
2610:
2587:
2586:
2565:
2550:
2549:
2496:
2495:
2481:
2463:
2462:
2441:
2440:
2389:
2388:
2382:
2376:. De Gruyter.
2364:
2363:
2336:(6): 661–671.
2322:
2321:
2305:
2304:
2281:
2280:
2242:
2241:
2220:
2219:
2196:
2195:
2132:
2131:
2071:
2070:
2037:
2021:
2020:
1994:(3): 393–397.
1976:
1975:
1961:
1945:
1944:
1912:
1911:
1899:(2): 209–223.
1883:
1882:
1859:
1858:
1844:
1828:
1827:
1815:"The Fashions"
1802:
1801:
1784:
1783:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1743:(4): 486–489.
1727:
1715:
1684:
1672:
1660:
1648:
1636:
1624:
1622:, p. 219.
1612:
1583:
1571:
1559:
1557:, p. 881.
1547:
1545:, p. 385.
1535:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1458:
1426:
1395:
1383:
1371:
1359:
1347:
1345:, p. 147.
1335:
1323:
1311:
1299:
1274:
1249:
1221:
1207:
1193:
1191:, p. xix.
1181:
1179:, p. 314.
1169:
1167:, p. 261.
1165:Petersons 1856
1157:
1155:, p. 561.
1145:
1143:, p. 142.
1133:
1131:, p. 131.
1121:
1119:, p. 294.
1109:
1097:
1085:
1073:
1054:
1039:
1027:
1012:Maison Blanche
992:Franklin Simon
966:
951:
939:
924:
908:
907:
905:
902:
900:
899:
894:
889:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
855:Kruithof curve
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
801:
799:
796:
761:
758:
693:
692:
607:
605:
598:
592:
589:
559:
556:
543:
540:
499:
496:
473:
470:
425:
422:
394:
393:
318:. Please help
304:
302:
295:
289:
286:
278:Pink Shirt Day
269:
266:
246:Pink Shirt Day
242:
241:Pink Shirt Day
239:
216:
213:
211:
208:
184:Marilyn Monroe
135:
132:
109:
106:
89:
86:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5776:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
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5740:
5737:
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5734:
5724:
5714:
5712:
5702:
5700:
5690:
5688:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5661:
5653:
5651:
5643:
5642:
5639:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5611:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
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5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
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5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
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5551:
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5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5442:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5397:organizations
5393:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5339:
5338:Pastel colors
5336:
5335:
5334:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5262:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5185:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5166:
5165:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5120:Primary color
5118:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5087:Light-on-dark
5085:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5026:
5021:
5007:
5006:Color mapping
5004:
5002:
4999:
4993:
4990:
4989:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4931:Color balance
4929:
4928:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4909:
4908:Chromotherapy
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4849:
4848:Tetrachromacy
4846:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4772:Achromatopsia
4770:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4755:Chromesthesia
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4669:Color physics
4667:
4664:
4662:
4661:Color science
4658:
4653:
4646:
4641:
4639:
4634:
4632:
4627:
4626:
4623:
4611:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4348:
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4195:Sloane Ranger
4193:
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4058:
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4053:
4049:
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4044:
4041:
4039:
4038:Morning dress
4036:
4035:
4034:
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4030:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4002:
3999:
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3989:
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3757:
3752:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:Fashion plate
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
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3702:
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3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3604:Western world
3602:
3600:
3597:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
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3309:
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3140:
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3119:
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3019:
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3013:
3007:
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2949:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2898:Revista Teias
2895:
2890:
2889:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
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2728:
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2722:
2718:
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2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
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2687:
2683:
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2676:
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2649:
2648:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
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2618:
2613:
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2600:
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2594:
2589:
2588:
2575:
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2566:
2562:
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2551:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2498:
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2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
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2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
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2379:
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2366:
2365:
2359:
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2343:
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2335:
2331:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2152:: 1555–1563.
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1785:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1676:
1669:
1664:
1657:
1652:
1645:
1640:
1633:
1628:
1621:
1616:
1609:
1605:
1604:Zucker (2005)
1601:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1580:
1575:
1568:
1563:
1556:
1551:
1544:
1539:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1494:, p. 99.
1493:
1488:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1391:Gieseler 2017
1387:
1380:
1375:
1368:
1363:
1356:
1351:
1344:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1320:
1315:
1309:, p. 19.
1308:
1303:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1263:
1259:
1258:"Day of Pink"
1253:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1226:
1217:
1211:
1203:
1197:
1190:
1189:Paoletti 2012
1185:
1178:
1177:El Mundo 1899
1173:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1149:
1142:
1137:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1106:
1101:
1095:, p. 73.
1094:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1052:, p. 71.
1051:
1046:
1044:
1037:, p. 91.
1036:
1035:Paoletti 2012
1031:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
980:
975:
970:
964:, p. 89.
963:
962:Paoletti 2012
958:
956:
948:
947:Paoletti 2012
943:
936:
935:Schorman 2013
931:
929:
921:
916:
914:
909:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
887:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
795:
793:
787:
785:
781:
780:Women's March
777:
776:
766:
757:
755:
749:
746:
742:
741:
731:
727:
725:
721:
720:
710:
706:
702:
698:
689:
686:
678:
667:
664:
660:
657:
653:
650:
646:
643:
639:
636: –
635:
631:
630:Find sources:
624:
618:
617:
613:
608:This article
606:
602:
597:
596:
588:
586:
585:Zucker (2005)
582:
578:
574:
569:
567:
566:
555:
553:
549:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
509:
504:
495:
492:
484:
479:
469:
467:
463:
458:
456:
452:
448:
441:
436:
431:
421:
419:
418:
413:
409:
400:
390:
387:
379:
368:
365:
361:
358:
354:
351:
347:
344:
340:
337: –
336:
332:
331:Find sources:
325:
321:
317:
311:
310:
309:single source
305:This section
303:
294:
293:
285:
283:
279:
275:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
238:
236:
232:
227:
222:
210:Colored items
207:
205:
201:
199:
195:
191:
190:
185:
178:
177:
172:
167:
163:
160:
155:
148:
144:
140:
131:
129:
125:
124:
118:
116:
105:
98:
94:
85:
81:
79:
75:
71:
65:
63:
62:Western world
59:
55:
47:
42:
34:
30:
19:
5370:Fluorescence
5333:Colorfulness
5326:Dichromatism
5170:
5162:
5132:Chromaticity
5115:Color mixing
5107:Color theory
5040:Color scheme
4903:Chromophobia
4852:
4532:Slow fashion
4512:Anti-fashion
4489:Thai fashion
4150:Smart casual
4070:Evening gown
3909:Fast fashion
3854:Fashion blog
3816:Fashion week
3811:Fashion show
3793:21st century
3788:19th century
3069:
3046:
3023:
3000:
2969:
2946:
2931:. Retrieved
2901:
2897:
2853:
2849:
2818:
2802:. Retrieved
2774:
2768:
2745:
2741:
2724:
2714:</ref>
2685:
2679:
2652:
2638:. Retrieved
2620:
2602:. Retrieved
2596:
2578:. Retrieved
2573:
2559:
2541:. Retrieved
2509:
2505:
2472:
2454:. Retrieved
2450:
2407:
2401:
2373:
2362:</ref>
2333:
2327:
2316:
2311:
2296:. Retrieved
2290:
2251:
2247:
2228:
2211:. Retrieved
2205:
2187:. Retrieved
2167:2318/1853049
2145:
2141:
2102:2318/1852738
2084:
2080:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2042:
2027:
1991:
1985:
1951:
1923:
1917:
1896:
1892:
1874:. Retrieved
1868:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1796:
1790:
1775:. Retrieved
1770:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1718:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1675:
1663:
1651:
1644:Hammond 2014
1639:
1627:
1620:Grisard 2019
1615:
1610: p. 1321
1600:Cohen (2013)
1586:
1574:
1569:, p. 1.
1562:
1550:
1538:
1511:
1499:
1487:
1475:. Retrieved
1461:
1449:. Retrieved
1438:
1429:
1417:. Retrieved
1408:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1355:Bologna 2018
1350:
1338:
1326:
1314:
1302:
1290:. Retrieved
1286:
1277:
1265:. Retrieved
1261:
1252:
1240:. Retrieved
1236:
1210:
1196:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1124:
1112:
1105:Garnier 1823
1100:
1093:Blegvad 2019
1088:
1076:
1050:Blegvad 2019
1030:
983:
977:
969:
942:
920:Maglaty 2011
884:
788:
773:
771:
750:
745:Hadza people
738:
736:
717:
715:
703:
699:
696:
681:
672:
662:
655:
648:
641:
629:
609:
581:Cohen (2013)
570:
563:
561:
545:
520:Monica Helms
513:
489:
462:gender roles
459:
444:
415:
405:
382:
373:
363:
356:
349:
342:
330:
306:
271:
244:
228:
224:
202:
187:
182:
174:
152:
137:
121:
119:
111:
102:
82:
66:
51:
29:
5507:Color chart
5365:Iridescence
5197:Basic terms
5188:Color terms
5142:Color wheel
5137:Color solid
5001:Color space
4987:subtractive
4970:Color model
4841:Unique hues
4737:Colorimetry
4703:Chromophore
4370:Heavy metal
4292:Alternative
4275:Bling-bling
4205:Young fogey
4055:Semi-formal
3950:Traditional
3894:Fashion law
3613:By clothing
3276:Western Xia
3266:Jurchen Jin
3248:Anglo-Saxon
3241:Middle Ages
3186:Han Chinese
2933:24 February
2622:Smithsonian
2576:(in French)
2516:: 630–642.
1760:Works cited
1723:Dvorak 2017
1592:Chiu (2006)
1579:Zucker 2005
1504:London 2020
1292:13 February
1262:Day of Pink
1242:13 February
1141:Beeton 1862
1081:Kueber 2009
1000:Wanamaker's
875:Pink ribbon
548:Société Bic
430:Pink ribbon
262:New Zealand
258:New Zealand
115:dainty trim
84:reporting.
70:pink ribbon
52:The colors
5733:Categories
5723:Psychology
5527:Shades of:
5360:Brightness
5092:Web colors
5048:Color tool
5031:philosophy
4936:Color cast
4836:Afterimage
4826:Metamerism
4799:Color code
4794:Color task
4777:Dichromacy
4573:Dress code
4400:By country
4385:Rockabilly
4248:Athleisure
4243:Sportswear
4223:Streetwear
4200:Teddy Boys
4183:Ivy League
3969:Diplomatic
3959:Ceremonial
3333:Vietnamese
3291:400s–1000s
3089:1098197985
2804:26 January
2580:26 January
2451:BBC Future
2414:: 428–36.
2403:Perception
2057:Pocahontas
1971:1162339954
1854:1103440338
1567:Cohen 2013
1343:Sulik 2010
1331:Sulik 2010
1319:Sulik 2010
1307:Conis 2021
1267:5 February
904:References
892:Pinkstinks
825:Color code
784:pussy hats
740:Perception
645:newspapers
612:references
536:transition
346:newspapers
252:, held in
5764:Symbolism
5377:Grayscale
5350:Lightness
5345:Luminance
5154:(fashion)
4854:The dress
4340:Steampunk
4300:Androgyny
4112:Christian
4104:Religious
4065:Black tie
4048:Ball gown
4043:White tie
3931:Sweatshop
3497:1945–1960
3492:1930–1945
3454:Edwardian
3412:Victorian
3384:1795–1820
3379:1775–1795
3374:1750–1775
3369:1700–1750
3364:1650–1700
3359:1600–1650
3354:1550–1600
3349:1500–1550
3328:Tocharian
3253:Byzantine
2989:744362216
2928:225306735
2920:1518-5370
2839:535493589
2799:162211342
2791:2161-0355
2754:934292885
2710:220373650
2702:0008-4298
2635:0037-7333
2538:149509070
2530:0360-0025
2506:Sex Roles
2491:264991421
2436:115203988
2358:151390917
2350:0958-9236
2127:207782208
2111:0004-0002
1940:144882201
1919:Sex Roles
1811:Ward Lock
1543:Chiu 2006
1440:Seventeen
1419:31 August
1129:Kohl 1842
988:Bullock's
810:Baby blue
760:Reactions
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